1.
YES
IS
ta .
1n
1e
~;,
in
NO
Confucianism
./
./
Confucianism in northeast
Asian countries
./
Summary: A student wants to sign up for an oncampus job, so she visits the student employment
office. The employee tells her about the bidng process.
First, she must go through an official interview.
Then she must go to an orientation session. Last,
there is a training period that occurs after she
begins work.
,__
~--
Effect
Topic
05 Environmental Science
1. (C) .
2.
(B)
3.
(A)
Cause
. 'j
Effect
Mountains get
Problem
Student
wants to take
summer
courses.but
will beat
home
s:
1.
YES
s
<
07 Office Hours
NO
Solution
Take online
courses
./
./
1.
(A)
Less
expensive
than regular
courses
No classroom Not
experience
necessary for
learning
experience_
./
Refutation
Concern
Too
expensive
2. (C)
3.
(D)
Answer Key
759 _
-----~
08 Service Encounter
Questions
Answers
Student services
10 Biology
NO
YES
,/
Alleles
Role
Definition
,/
,/
Sequences of
genes on a
specific
chromosome
Types
Determine the
appearance of
specific tr8.its
Dominant - only
need one allele for
trait to appear
Recessive - need
two identical alleles
for trait ta appear
1. ,
YES
Alleles determine the appearance
of a character trait.
,/
,/
09 Astronomy
Weather Patterns on Jupiter
Classification
Bands of color
Description
---
NO
,/
~'
300-year-old hurricane
caused by rotational speed
and lack of land
1---~-----+-A_tmoseheric Bands
Similar in n_ature
to a hurricane
1
Caused by
I convection
01 Environmental Science
r==-----
,/
[!0~ne~n
,/
.
,/
I Marg._in_a_I______ ]
and density
1
__J
l exchange
f ater with
ns
760 Answer Key
Types of Seas
te~p~rature
-Currents"
l
with some
caused by
land around . ocean winds
variation
_ _ _ __J__ _____,
caused by
------
04 Service Encounter
her
; its
1. (B)
Ila!
Of
Jse
1et.
IOI,
ast
2.
3.
(B)
(D)
02 Biology
Respiration Underwater vs. Respiration on Land
Underwater
Both
Land
r
'
:.
~h
1. (B)
u
2. (B)
Requires organs
such as lungs
3.
(A)
fie
Ill.
or
!O!
03 Office Hours
r-
Problem
Student is always late to
discussion section
Switch to another
discussion ser::tion at a
I better time
i--
1. (A)
---1-- -=-~---=--=
2.
(C)
3.
Problem
Solution
1. (B)
2. (A)
3.
(C)
OS Business
The Bricks and Clicks Business Model
"~'
Definition
Aspects
Has established supply and
distribution networks
1. (B)
2.
(D)
3.
(A)
(B)
06 Anatomy
]
I
-~
)f ':
--i
I -'-'-------Functions
)"Protects internal organs
jftem~era~_re------~----
Answer Key
761
1.
(A)
2.
(A)
3.
(C)
Problem
Student wants to expand a
previous paper rather than
write a new one
Solution
Professor agrees, as long as
student follows the same
rules as everyone else
(A)
3.
(D)
r-~ ~""....
Doctor's visits
~>C-00 ~-"'
X-rays
Lab tests
s
Dental work
--------------~
(A)
2. (D)
3.
(A)
762
Answer Key
Example
Had better ways of defending Knew how to work metal to
themselves than other tribes create weapons and armor
Outnumbered and defealed
Aztec army in numerous
battles
(A)
3.
(B)
10 Ecology
Parasitism vs. Mutualism
Parasitism
One species
benefits, other is
harmed
08 Service Encounter
1.
1. (B)
07 Office Hours
1. (B)
09 History
1. (C)
Both
Mulualism
Both species
Two species
coexist
2.
(A)
benefit
3.
(B)
I Vocabulary Review 3 I
. 1.:
1. (0)
4. (A)
7. (C)
2. (D)
5. (0)
8. (A)
03 Service Encounter
11. (0)
13.
3. (B)
6. (C)
12. (B)
YES
9. (B)
12 (A)
15. (B)
10. (B)
13. (C)
16. comprises
19: enrich
21. (B)
24. (E)
22. (A)
25. (C)
11. (C)
14. (A)
23. (0)
.r
.r
NO
.r
.r
14. (A)
15. (B)
I Mini Test 3 I
!,
r:
Practice Test
01 Computer Science
1. (C)
4. .!
2. (B)
3.
(B)
01 History
>
.r
Private organization
1. (C)
4. (A)
2. (0)
5. (B)
3. (B)
6. (B)
8. (0)
11. (B)
9. (B)
Home office
.r
02 Chemistry
.r
Small office
7. (A)
10. (B)
12.
Dormitory
5.
(B)
YES.
02 Literature
6.
(A)
7.
(A)
8. (0)
9.
I! YES./
NO
ha~-;;-~;ydi~rent
1-,.-r-,
illusions.
i ./
.r
.r
-----.
.r
---
---~--
.r
.r
--
1------------------f---{-
NO
f--'-
03 Service Encounter
13. (B)
16. (C)
14. (0)
15. (B)
17. (A)
J!
~----------------------
10. (C)
Answer Key
763
~. . .
04 Psychology
18. (A)
21. (C)
19. (B)
22. (A)
20. (B}
23. (A)
,;:.,:
i.
OS Physics
24. (A)
27. (A)
25. (B)
26. (B)
28. (C)
29.
Fixed base
pulley
Has an axis that
is not stationary
Movable base
pulley
,/
,/
,/
06 Office Hours
30. (C)
33. (8)
Compound
pulley
31. (A)
34. (A}
32. (A)
;>+',e'. m;,,~;,.
' . u
f
~.
~.
Part 1
Step 1
Chapter1
r~,.
r
r
l;.
'.
Q2 Practice 3
Q1 Practice 1
Step 1
Q3 Practice 1
Q1 Practice 2
Step 1
Step 1
Q1 Practice 3
Sample Restatement:
Step 1
'
I'
~Step
Sample Restatement:
Q2 Practice 1
Step 1
Related Ideas and Expressions:
02 Practice 2
~Step
Opinion:
,..
765 - . , :
------------------------------------itf!!(~
Q3 Practice 2
Sample Restatement:
Step 1
Opinion:
Step 2
Suggested KeYwords/Key Phrases:
Q4 Practice 1
~Step 1
Suggested Keywords/Key Phrases:
"'~
.M
'.:3 Practice 3
i~i1
~Step 1
Sample Restatement:
If~
l.~J~i
!~Ii
(-
,:.,
;:
,
Q4 Practice 2
~Step 1
Sample Restatement:
When you hear a phone number for the first time, you
remember it in echoic memory. Because echoic
memory is brief, you will forget the number quickly.
That is because echoic memory only lasts a few seconds.
Also, because echoic memory is accurate, you can .
remember the number for a few seconds with perfect
accuracy. That is because you can hear an echo of
the number in your memory.
~Step
Q4 Practice 3
~Step
~Step
QS Practice 2
~Step
Problem:
The man does not know how to get teaching experience.
Solution 1:
Ask a professor to sponsor an independent project
Solution 2:
Become a teaching assistant in grad school
~Step
Opinion 1
QS Practice 1
~Step
Problem:
The literary magazine is running out of money.
Solution 1: Look for more advertisers
Solution 2: Let some cit the writers go
~Step
Opinion 1
Problem:
The literary magazine is running out of money.
Best Solution:
She should look for more advertisers.
Reason 1:
It is the fastest way to find more money.
Reason 2:
There is no guarantee that letting writers go will help.
Opinion 2
Problem:
The litera1y magazine is running out of money.
Best Solution:
She should let some of ihe writers go.
Reason 1:
It is the easiest way to cut costs.
Reason 2:
They might not be able to find more advertisers.
768
Problem:
The man does not know how to get teaching experience.
Best Solution:
Ask a professor to sponsor an independent project
Reason 1:
He will get experience right away.
Reason 2:
It will give him a chance to change his mind.
QS Practice 3
Problem:
The man wants to attend a conference but is scheduled
to go to a team debate.
Solution 1:
Go to the team debate and forget the conference
Solution 2:
Go to the conference and disappoint his team
Answer Key
... -'""-'"
i.I
i
Ii
'
Problem:
The man does not know how to get teaching experience.
Best Solution:
Become a teaching assistant in grad school
Reason 1:
He is too busy to do a project now.
Reason 2:
He will get better experience in grad school.
---"":;.:.,
!
"
Opinion 2
~Step
~-
,,_,
.. ,_.
; Step 2
Opinion 1
Problem:
The man wants to attend a conference but is scheduled
to go to a team debate.
Best Solution:
Go to the team debate and forget the conference
Reason 1: His team is counting on him.
Reason 2:
He can go to other conferences when he is available.
Opinion 2
Problem:
The man wants to attend a conference but is scheduled
to go to a team debate.
Best Solution: Go to the conference
Reason 1: He could learn a lot at the conference.
Rea~pn 2: His team members will understand.
Q6 Practice 3
; Step 1
Topic: Brand names
Thesis:
A popular brand name can help a product in two ways.
Key point 1:
A popular brand name can make a product more
appealing.
Keypoint2:
A popular brand name helps people remember a
product.
I Vocabulary Review 1 I
1. (C)
4. (A)
7. (C)
2. (A)
5. (C)
8. (B)
3. (0)
6. (B)
9. (A)
12. (C)
15. (0)
10. (0)
13. (C)
11. (A)
14. (A)
Q6 Practice 1
; Step 1
16. draw
19. brand
Q6 Practice 2
~Step 1
Topic: Animation
Thesis:
There are two differences between traditional
animation and computer animation.
Key point 1:
They differ in how long it takes to do them.
Key point 2: They differ in reputation.
I Vocabulary Review 2 I
1. (0)
4. (0)
7. (A)
2. (B)
5. (C)
8. (B)
3. (A)
9. (B)
12. (A)
15. (C)
10. (A)
13. (C)
11. (0)
14. (A)
6. (C)
22. (B)
25. (C)
23. (E)
Answer Key
769 -
'
Part 2
Q2 Practice 1
Step 1
Q1 Practice 1
Step 1
Transition words and phrases:
This is because, once, also, because, however,
someday, since that day
Sentence order: (F) (A) (E) (8) (D) (C)
Step 2
Step 2
Q2 Practice 2
Step 1
Transition words and phrases:
That way, and, First of all, However, Also
Sentence order: (E) (B) (F) (C) (D) (A)
Step 2
Q2 Practice 3
Q1 Practice 3
~Step
~Step 1
Cl.1 Practice 4
Q2 Practice 4
~Step
~Step
Q3 Practice 1
Key point 2:
It will provide them with the knowledge necessary to
apply the information.
~Step 1
Opinion:
The television should not be removed from the student
union building.
Reason 1:
That area should not be used for studying.
Reason 2:
Many people do not want to go back to the dorms to
watch 1V.
Q3 Practice 2
'
~Step 1
opinion:
He does not agree with the decision to close the
dorms in the summer.
Reason 1:
w:
,. The univers1fy should have searched for supervisors.
,. Reason 2:
j_-) ' '
Q4 Practice 1
~Step 1
Main topic:
Reward systems encourage good behavior in children.
Key point 1:
Reward systems provide a positive outcome for both
parents and child.
Key point2:
Reward systems encourage children to continue to
behave well.
Q4 Practice 2
~Step 1
Main topic:
Teaching by demonstration is the best way to teach
how to use a computer.
l<ey point 1:
It will give students all the information they need to
use a computer.
QS Practice 1
~Step 1
Problem: The school dance has lost funding
Solution 1: Cancel dance right away
Possible benefit:
Lets people know early if dance must be canceled
Solution 2: Look for funding elsewhere
.Possible benefit: Do not have to disappoint e~eryone
~Step
Suggested Answers:
1. The school dance the woman was organizing lost
its funding.
2. The woman should look for another sponsor.
3. This way, she will not disappoint the people who
have already made costumes.
QS Practice 2
~Step 1
Problem:
The man has an interview across town but his car will
not start.
Solution 1: Take the bus
Possible benefit:
He knows he can get there using the bus.
Solution 2: Ask to borrow roommate's car
Possible benefit: He will not be late to the interview.
~Step
is not working.
2. The man should ask his roommate if he can borrow
his car.
3. He will not have to wait for the bus, and he can
get to his interview on time.
Answer Key
771 ----.
- ----~~--~
Q6 Practice 1
~Step 1
Main topic:
There are two types of camouflage that help animals
hide from predators.
Key point 1:
Q6 Practice 2
I Vocabulary Review 3 I
1.
4.
7.
10.
13.
(C)
(B)
(D)
(B)
(D)
2.
5.
8.
11.
14.
(D)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(B)
3.
6.
9.
12.
15.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(B)
16.
19.
.22.
25.
28.
(C)
(D)
(B)
(C)
(D)
17.
20.
23.
26.
29.
(A)
(C)
(B)
(A)
(A)
18.
21.
24.
27.
30.
(A)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(B)
31.
34.
37.
39.
40.
33. distracting
utilize
. 32. refrain
suffer
35. frequently 36. social
excessive 38. lonely
keep them from
companions
41 . alternative
43. witness
42. demonstrate
44. demanding 45. surprising
46. (0)
49. (0)
47. (S)
50. (S)
~Step 1
II
I
1--
48. (S)
I Vocabulary Review 4 I
1.
4.
7.
10.
13.
(C)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(D)
2.
5.
8.
11.
14.
(A)
(D)
(C)
(B)
(A)
3.
6.
9.
12.
15.
(B)
(A)
(D)
(C)
(B)
16.
19.
22.
25.
28.
(D)
(C)
(B)
(D)
(D)
17.
- 20.
23.
26.
29.
(A)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(A)
18.
21.
24.
27.
30.
(A)
(D)
(A)
(B).
(C)
31.
34.
37.
40.
- - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - -- - - - -------- - - -
41. reward
44. excessive
46. (C)
47. (A)
50. (D)
49. (B)
48. (E)
'
~:
t
.~'
Part 3
,.\
'i
~Step 1
~Step
1. a. method
2. a. economy
3. a. academy
4. a. luxury
5. a. drama
6.<~. recommend
7. 'i'i. capable
8. a. prefer
9. a. photograph
10. a. negotiate
I.
I
I
~Step
b. methodology
b. economic
b. academic
b. luxurious
b. dramatic
b. recommendation
b. capability
b. preference
b. photography
b. negotiation
teachers~.
~Step
Intonation
~Step 1
1. I had lost an important assignment due to computer
. llli!blems.
77 4
Answer Key
~step1
Question 1
Sample Response
Mr. Daniels was the most memorable teacher I have
ever had. First, I remember him because he was very
strict. You could not mess around in his English class.
He did not tolerate lazy students, either. Second, he is
memorable because he loved to teach. He was
Question 2
Sample Response 1
I think that it is better to do research on the Internet
than use books. One reason is that the Internet is
faster. If I want to find information, I can do so quickly
using the Internet. It takes much longer to find that
sarne information in a book. Second, the Internet is
more up-to-date. Many books in the library are old.
.People update the Internet everyday, so the information
is fresh and new.
JO
1ly
ot
id
1y
ig
1e
d
;t
s
<'),:>-..
Sample Response 2
I think it is better to use the books for research than
to use the Internet. For one, I think books are more
accurate than the Internet. There are many people
that post false information on the Internet. But people
check facts that are in books. Second, I think it is
, eailier to find what you are looking for in books. That
is because it is easy to find a book you need using a
library catalog.
}.:
Question 3
Sample Response
The university announcec that it will update an exercise
facility because the exercise machines are old and it
. is not big enough for all the students who use it. The
man thinks this is a good idea because he goes there
and there is not a lot of good exercise equipment.
Sarne is even broken. Moreover, lie feels that it is too
crowded. He goes there and has to wait fifteen minutes
to use a machine. So the place needs to be expanded
to fit all the students who go there.
Question 4
e
y
i.
s
s
Sample Response
The lecturer uses an example of a computer store
manager to explain impression management. First,
the manager tries to act in a really professional way
because he thinks that customers expect it. This
supports the idea from ihe reading that people want
to control how others see them. Tl1e speaker also
Question 5
Sample Response 1
The woman wants to take a class that is full. She can
either wait for a student to drop or talk to the professor.
I believe that she should wait for a student to drop it.
For one, this is the easier solution. If she spoke to the
professor, she would have to make an appointment
and try to convince him to let her into the class.
However, this way, she can just check the class
online. Also, it is the most reliable solution: The
speakers say that there might not be enough seats
left in class. But if someone drops, then the woman
would definitely be able to get in.
Sample Response 2
The woman's problem is that she wants to take a
class but it is already full. So she either has to wait
for an opening when a student drops it or to talk to
the professor to get in. I think she should talk to the
professor. First, it is better because it can save her
time. If he says yes, then she is in the class and does
not have to wait for people to drop it. Second, it will
almost certainly get her into the class. The speakers say
that the professor will let her in as long as there are
seats left.
Question 6
Sample Response
The lecture talks about the keystone species as a
species in the environment that plays a very important
role. The professor shows how the wolf is a good
example. First, they affect animal populations. After
wolves were reintroduced to a park where they did
not exist for eighty years, the large populations of two
animals, deer and elk, went down to healthier levels.
They also affect the environment. The wolves' return
also improved the number of cottonwood trees
because it reduced the number of animals that ate
the young trees.
Answer Key
775
Practice' Test 2
Sample Response
I like to go to the beach to relax, I like relaxing at the
beach because I can listen to the waves, They are
very soothing, The sound takes my mind off of all the
things I have to do, I also like to relax at the beach
because I can lie in the sun, I can take naps or read
a book, I do not worry about anything when I am lying
in the warmth of the sun,
Sample Response
According to the professor, point of view refers to the
position of the viewer when he's looking at a work of
art. The professor says that Velazquez uses point of
view for two purposes. First, he paints the scene so
that the viewer sees it from inside the house but is not
too close to the people. That way, the viewer sees all
the action. He also uses point of view to show a certain
meaning. He uses a broad point of view to emphasize
the group instead of the emotions of one person.
Question 2
Question 5
Sample Response 1
I think it is better to live with a roommate at
university, I think this because having a roommate
gives you a chance to meet other students like
yourself. Your roommate could turn out to be a really
good friend, and he or she can introduce you to other
students. It is also better to have a roommate because
you can do chores together, That way, you can get
the cleaning done much faster and have more fun
doing it.
Sample Response 1
The man wants to live in the dorms the next semester,
but university policy says he has to move out after
freshman year. He could either talk to the campus
housing department or apply to be a resident
assistant. I think it would be better for him to talk with
someone in campus housing; That way, he might be
al)le to get a dorm room without having to be ari RA
Also, even if they do not let him stay in the dorms,
they may be able to help him find housing close to
campus.
Question 1
Sample Response 2
I think it is better to live alone at university, For one, I
think living alone prevents distractions, When you live
with a roommate, you might want to have fun with
him instead of study. When you live alone, you can
focus on studying. Also, I think living with a roommate
can be annoying. Sometimes you have to live with
someone who is loud or messy. You do not have to
worry about that if you live alone.
Question 3
Sample Response
The woman does not think it is a good idea for the
maintenance department to install more lights around
campus. She thinks that additional lights will not stop
people from vandalizing and stealing, She thinks that
having more lights will reveal things that thieves did
not know were there in the first place. She also thinks
that the campus already has enough lights for doing
things outdoors at night. Plus, she likes doing things,
like jogging, when it is somewhat dark outside.
776
Question 4
Answer Key
Sample Response 2
The man's problem is that he is forced to move out of
the dorms but he wants to stay. The speakers say
that he could either talk to campus housing or apply
to be a resident assistant. I think he should become a
resident assistant. For one, he will definitely get housing
this way, whereas he might not be allowed to stay in
the dorms if he asks to have the policy changed. In
addition, he will get free housing. They always pay
resident assistants, so he gets two good things out of
this solution.
Question 6
Sample Response
The professor says that there are two ways that
advertisers make everyday products look appealing.
One way they do this is to use exaggeration. The
professor uses the example of a fast food commercial,
in which two people buy food at a drive thru window
The food is so big it makes their car tip to one side.
Another way, according to the professor, is with
humor. The professor gives the example of a photo
editing ad, in which a bad family portrait is edited to
look more presentable. By using humor, people get a
good impression of the product.
-r
Part 1
01 Urban Planning
~Step 1
Introduction:
Main topic: lscongestion pricing a good way to
reduce pollution and congestion?
Main idea of the reading passage: There are three
advantages to using congestion pricing.
Main idea of the lecture: Congestion pricing is not
the best solution.
Body:
Key point 1: What is the impact of congestion pricing
on public transportation?
Supporting information from the reading passage:
It will make more people use public transportation
because people will not want to drive.
Answer Key
777
02 History
~Step
Introduction:
Main topic: Is the treasure described in the Copper
Scroll is real or imaginary?
Main idea of the reading passage: The Copper
Scroll did not describe a real treasure.
Main idea of the lecture: It is possible that the
treasure is real.
Body:
Key point 1: Was the scroll a story?
Supporting information from the reading passage:
The scroll was probably just a story used to entertain
people because there were many similar stories in.
Israel.
Supporting information from the lecture: The
technical language used means it probably was not
just a story.
778
Answer Key
03 Environmental Science
>Step 1
Main idea: Biofuels cannot replace fossil fuels.
Key point 1: Biofuels are not more environmentally
friendly than fossil fuels because they also pollute the
environment.
Key point 2: Biofuels do not have an unlimited supply
because most agricultural land is already being used.
Key point 3: Biofuels cannot meet the world's demand
for fuel because we need too much fuel.
>Step 2
Main idea: Ethanol is not a substance that we can
use to replace gasoline.
Key point 1: Ethanol is not cleaner than gasoline; in
fact, it produces more pollution.
Key point 2: Ethanol requires more laoQ than we
have available because there is not enough for both
food and fuel crops.
Key'lpoint 3: Ethanol cannot meet the demand for
fuel In the world because we do not have enough land.
,.)_;)'.'
>Step 3
Introduction:
Main topic: Can biofuels can be used as a substitute
for fossil fuels?
Main idea of the reading passage: Biofuels cannot
be used as a substitute for fossil fuels.
Main idea.of the lecture: Ethanol is not something
we can w>e to replace gasoline.
Body:
Key point 1: What is the environmental impact of
biofuels?
Supporting information from the reading passage:
Biofuels are not better for the environment than fossil
fuels because they also pollute the environment.
Supporting information from the lecture: Ethanol
actually pollutes the environment more than fossil
fuels.
Key point 2: Where does the supply come from?
Supporting infonnation from the reading passage:
Biofuels do not have an unlimited supply because most
agriculturat land is already used.
4
Both the lecture and the passage discuss biofuels as a
possible alternative to fossil fuels. The passage states
that they cannot replace current fuel sources. The
lecturer supports the ~ with a discussion about
ethanol, a biofuel made from corn.
To begin, the passage says that biofuels are no better
for the environment than fossil fuels. The lecturer
proves the claim by showing that ethanol creates more
pollution than gasoline. Then the passage states that
biofuels place strain on land resources. The lecturer
agrees, adding that the production of ethanol makes
corn more expensive. Lastly, the passage says that
biofuels cannot meet the world demand for. fuel. Again,
the lecturer agrees. He says that there is no way that
enough ethanol could be produced to satisfy the
needs of the world.
Both sources discuss biofuels. They give three
reasons why biofuels cannot replace fossil fuels.
I
'
04 Environmental Science
} Step I
Main idea: Corntainers are better for the environment
for three main reasons.
Key point 1: Corntainers can be composted, which
returns them to the Earth as fertilizer.
Key point 2: Corntainers take up less space in landfills
L'ecause they will biodegrade.
Key point 3: Using corntainers is the socially
resoonsible thing to do because it is better for the
environment.
Answer Key
779 - -
'-~
~Step
Introduction:
Main topic; Are corntainers good for the environment?
Main idea of the reading passage: Corntainers are
better for the environment for three main reasons.
Main idea of the lecture: Corntainers do not solve
environmental concerns.
780
~Step
Body:
Key point 1: Corntainers can be composted.
Supporting information from the reading passage:
Corntainers can be composted, which returns them
to the Earth as fertilizer.
Supporting informationfromthe lecture: Corntainers
require special facilities in order to break down.
Key point 2: Corntainers do not fill up landfills.
Supporting information from the reading passage:
Corntainers will not take up space in landfills because
they will biodegrade.
Supporting information from the lecture: Many
corntainers will just end up in landfills anyway because
people don't understand how to recycle them.
Key point 3: Using corntainers is socially responsible.
Supporting information from the reading passage:
Using corntainers is socially responsible because it is
better for tl1e environment.
Supporting information from the lecture: Using
corntainers is not socially responsible because people
need corn to eat.
A. 2
B. 1
C. The ongoing process of global warming can be
proved by three different points.
Conclusion:
:>Step 3
Answer
Key
01 Climatology
~Step 1
II/lain idea: Climatologists believe that global warming
is occurring for three reasons.
Key point 1: There is more carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere than ever before, which raises the Earth's
temperature.
Key point 2: The Earth's ice caps are melting raoidly
as the Earth gets hotter.
Key point 3: The average global temperature has
been steadily increasing.
~Step
1:
.
'
'..1
02 Psychology
2. a
1. b
3. a
4.b
Step 5
A.
1. While the reading says that global warming is
currently taking place, the lecture says that
temperatures are not changing.
2. The reading states that carbon dioxide levels
have . worsened global warming, though the
lecturer disagrees with this view.
3. The passage suggests that melting ice caps
iodic~te rising temperatures. The lecture, however,
says that ice cap loss is due to many other factors.
4. The author of the passage says two facilities have
recorded temperature increases over the past
hundred years, Jhe lecturer points out that the
records are inaccurate.
Step 1
Main idea: Adult interference in children's playing is
problematic.
Key point 1: Adult interference can hurt children's
creativitv.
Key point 2: Children need to develop positive Plll[
role models, which is done through playtime.
Key point 3: Children need to learn to stand up for
themselves.
Step 2
A. 2
B.1
C. There are three reasons why adult interference
causes problems.
~Step
B.
1. The lecture says that temperatures are not changing,
while the reading says global warming is currently
taking place.
2. The lecturer disagrees with the view presented in
the reading, which claims that carbon dioxide
levels have worsened global warming.
3. It is suggested in the passage that melting ice
caps indicate global warming; however, the
lecture says other factors might be responsible.
4. The lecturer shows that average global temperature
records are inaccurate, though the passage says
that two facilities provide proof that average
temperatures have increased.
~Step
1. b
2. a
3.a
4.b
'Step 5
A.
1. states/troublesome
3. good/require
2. harm/watch
4. defend/parents
Answer Key
781 - : 1
;:.-.
B.
1. The author states that adult interference in children's
playtime is troublesome, while the lecture says
that adults need to interfere in playtime.
2. While the author says that creativity can be
harmed by adult interference, the speaker thinks
that playtime should be monitored by adults to
make sure it is positive.
3. Children need to develop good peer role models
according to the author. The speaker, though,
says that children require adults, not peers, as
role models.
4. The author states that children need to learn to
defend themselves. The lecturer states that parents
need to monitor children to protect them.
~Step
03 Biology
~Step 1
A. 2
B. 1
C. It is clear that the dodo bird went extinct because
humans hunted it too much.
~Step
Answer Key
2.a
1. a
~Step
3.a
4.b
A.
1. consequence/reasons 2. since/enjoy
3. strange/key
4. proof/scant
B.
1. The author thinks that over hunting caused the
disappearance of the dodo. However, the speaker
says that it was other factors, not over hunting,
that led to its disappearance.
2. The author says the dodo became extinct because
. it was flightless, while the speaker says that
humans did not even like dodo meat.
3. The reading says that the dodo's strange friendliness
also led to its extinction, though the lecture says
that humans were not the key hunters; other
animals were.
4. The reading says that evidence of humans killing
dodos was found in caves by researchers, but the
lecture says that there is scant evidence of
humans killing dodos.
~Step
04 Environmental Science
~
Step 1
"
A. 2
B.1
C. Scientists eventually realized that DDT was not as
good as they thought.
Step 6
Step 3
Main idea: DDT is not as bad as some people
believe, and it has many benefits.
Key point 1: DDT can, in some cases, benefit plants
and animals because it kills insects that cause disease.
Key point 2: DDT can also benefit human health by
stopping diseases that kill humans.
Key point 3: DDT has effectively combated diseases
in the past, and millions of lives have been saved.
'.-:~
Step 4
.t1;"-',
-~''
I'\.
1. b
2.a
3.b
4.a
.
>Step 5
j,
1. found/benefits
3. says/help
2. danger/may
4. fight/successfully
B.
Step 1
Main idea: There are three advantages to using a
computerized voting system.
. Key point 1: They make elections sa!fil because they
eliminate the possibility of human error.
Key point 2: They are much less expensive than
paper ballot systems.
Key point 3: They reduce the number of lost votes in
elections.
~Step
A.
01 Political Science
1. No
3
2. No
3. No
Answer Key
~-~--~-
783 - - . \
1. No
2.No
3.No
03 Business
1
~Step
2. No
3.No
04 Law
1
1. Yes
~Step
~Step
1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
I Vocabulary Review 1 I
1. (B)
4. (D)
7. (A)
2. (A)
5. (A)
8. (A)
3. (C)
6. (B)
9. (A)
12. (A)
15. (A)
10. (A)
13. (B)
11. (A)
14. (B)
16. ancient
18. precious
17. Archaeologists
19. inscribed 20. translated
21. (C)
24. (B)
22. (E)
25. (D)
23. (A)
Step 3
1. I believe that universities should pay their teachers
more instead of spending money on athletics.
2. First of all, teachers need money to pay for all the
education they needed.
3. Second, by paying their teachers well, universities
can ensure that people who start out in a teaching
career stay in that career.
4. Third, education needs to be the most important
part of a university.
fl as
Part 2
Step 4
llhe
01 Opinion
.~Step 2
I believe that universities should pay their teachers
more instead of spending money on athletics. Doing
so attracts excellent teachers and keeps them. Also,
it sends the right signal to students.
First of all, teachers need money to pav for all the
education they needed. It takes a long time and a lot
of money to complete your education so that you can
become a university teacher. After that, you do not
always get paid well, and many people who would be
excellent teachers do not enter the field. So universities
should pay teachers more so more people will
become teachers.
Second, by paying their teachers well, universities
can ensure that people who start out in a teaching
career stay in that career. A problem many universities
face is l<eeping their best teachers after hiring them.
Many people with PhDs want to teach and start out
doing so. However, they find out later they can earn more
money by working for a company or the government.
This means that such people, who are excellent teachers,
choose to leave teaching because of money.
Third, education needs to be the most important part
of a university. Universities exist to educate people.
When they spend more money on athletics, it sends
the wrong message to students. It says to students
only
02 Experience
>Step 2
785
Step 3
1: While some people might like multitasking, I prefer
to work on one task at a time.
2. First, I can pay better attention to my task when I
work on only one thing at a time.
3. Second, when I only have one thing to do at a
time, I feel calm and relaxed.
4. Third, working on one task at a time increases my
productivity.
~Step
,,,.
l'
'
03 Opinion
>Step 2
Every year, more teachers. and professors are
encouraging students to make the most of computer
786
Answer .Key
04 Opinion
~Step
~Step
01 Thesis Statements
~Step
Thesis statement 1:
When I was twelve, my brother encouraged me to ffi'
out for a football team, but I decided not to try out for
two reasons.
Thesis statement 2:
There are three main reasons why I believe that young
children mustbe taught to use computers.
Thesis statement 3:
When I traveled to a larger city in my country, it made
me realize how much I love my own town, and there
are three reasons why I feel this way.
Thesis statement 4:
In my opinion, the most enjoyable movies to watch
are ones that make you think, and I believe this for
two reasons.
~Step
Prompt 1: experience
Thesis statement: I believe that the most important
person in my life is my father because he has taught
me more than anyone else.
Answer Key
-,
--~_,
-- '".
787 - - ,
---~..;o~
--=='-'=
Prompt 2: opinion
Thesis. statement: I do not agree that people should
never do things that harm the environment because
sometimes doing these things is necessary.
Prompt 3: opinion
Thesis statement: In my opinion, it is better to save
your money until later, and I feel this way for three
reasons.
Prompt 4: experience
Thesis statement: I think the skill that has allowed me
to do well in school is my ability to work well with
other people.
02 Topic Sentences
~Step
Prompt 1:
( 1 ) There are three reasons why I feel that having
fun is just as important for adults as it is for children.
( 2 ) For one, I.think that adults need to be able to
relax and have fun because they work all the time.
- - 788
Prompt 1:
Thesis statement: In my opinion, products made by
hand are not as good as products
made by machines.
Reason 1: Machin.es do not make mistakes.
Reason 2: Machines are faster.
Reason 3: Machines can do things that humans
cannot.
Topic sentence: To begin, I feel that machines can
make better products because
machines do not make mistakes.
Prompt 2:
Thesis statement: I believe that you can tell a lot
about a person by the clothing he
or she wears.
Reason 1: You can tell a lot about a person's style.
Reason 2: You can learn about personality.
Reason 3: You can find out what a person likes.
Topic sentence: I also think it is possible to find out
what a person likes by looking at
what he or she wears.
Prompt3:
( 1 ) I definitely like to try new things as much as I can.
( 2 ) I like to try new things because I get bored if I do
the same thing all the time.
( 3) When I tried joining my school's diving team, I
found that I really enjoyed it.
Prompt3:
Thesis statement: I think that a trip to an aquarium
would be a valuable learning
experience.
Reason 1: It would be valuable to learn about fish.
Reason 2: It is a good idea to learn outside of the
classroom.
Reason 3: It gives students a way to learn that is
interesting.
Topic sentence: In addition, I believe that a field trip to
an aquarium would gives students
the opportunity to learn in a fun
environment.
Prompt4:
( 1 ) In my opinion, universities should not require
students to live in the dormitories for their freshman year
( 2 ) Living in an apartment is more enjoyable than
living in the dorms.
Prompt 4:
Thesis statement: I think that music is important to
people mainly because it can affect
people on three different levels.
Reason 1: The lyrics in music can make people think.
Answer Key
f.
i:,:
"1.
03 Opinion
~Step
01 Opinion
~Step 2
Introduction: (A), (B)
Transitions: Even though, because
Body paragraph 1: (B}, (C}, (A}
Transitions: First of all, because
Body paragraph 2: (C}, (A), (D), (B)
Tran~itions: on the other hand, Second, also
Transitions: Finally
04 Opinion
Conclusion: (B), (A)
Transitions: but, because, In conclusion
~Step 1 (possible
student response}
02 Opinion
~Step
05 Opinion
~Step
iJ6 Opinion
;. Step 1 (possible student response)
Key point 3: It is interesting to learn about other
cultures.
Answer Key
---~-
__._,
789 -
I Vocabulary Review 3 I
Part 3
1.
4.
7.
10.
13.
(B)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(D)
2.
5.
8.
11.
14.
(A)
(B)
(B)
(D)
(A)
3.
6.
9.
12.
15.
(D)
(C)
(D)
(C)
(C)
16.
19.
22.
25.
28.
(B)
(A)
(D)
(D)
(C)
17.
20.
23.
26.
29.
(A)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(B)
18.
21.
24.
27.
30.
(D)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(D)
31.
34.
37.
40.
41. design
42. value
44. disadvantage 45. portray
46. (0)
49. (0)
47. (S)
50. (S)
33. crisis
36. ensure
39. abundance
43. unproductive
48. (S)
I Vocabulary Review 4 I
t---
790
1.
4.
7.
10.
13.
(D)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(C)
2. (C)
5. (C)
8. (A)
11.(D)
14. (D)
3. (A)
6. (A)
9. (C)
12. (B)
15. (B)
16.
19.
22.
25.
28.
(D)
(C)
(D)
(B)
(D)
17.
20.
23.
26.
29.
18.
21.
24.
27.
30.
31.
34.
37.
40.
(A)
(A)
(C)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(C)
(C)
33. connected
36. desert
39. turn back
out
off
43. so
46. (C)
49. (B)
47. (A)
50. (D)
48. (E)
Answer Key
Chapter 7
Verb Tense
~Exercise 1
I
more socially responsible than regular plastics.
However, the speaker in the lecture disagrees. The
speaker states that corntainers do not (4) solve
these environmental concerns. The author (5) refutes
the claims of the reading in three ways.
Modal Verbs
~Exercise
3.
4.
5.
6.
.,,,.
,~, ~
~\
'"'
'''
\;
"'I
7.
8.
.l
2.
3.
4.
Exercise 2
1. Although I think that the amount that we use
computers (1) may increase in the next twenty
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Answer Key
791 - -
Chapter 8
Noun Clauses
~
Exercise 1
_JQ_ 3.
_Q_ 4.
_JQ_ 5.
_JQ_ 6.
_JQ_ 7.
I> Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Subordinating Conjunctions
~
Eicercise 1
...__ 792
Answer Key
Exercise 2
Parallel Structure
~
Exercise 1
>Exercise 2
1. Planning carefully is better than to live without a
plan.
2.
3.
: l .
.' J
. ~ l
r
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Pra~tic.e
l;est 1 ..
Sample Responses
>Task 1
Both the reading and the lecture talk about buzz
marketing. Whereas the reading discusses three
advantages of buzz marking, the lecture argues that
these so-called advantages are also the problems
with buzz marketing.
First, the reading says that buzz marketing can get
information about a product out quickly and easily by
using social networks. This is fine, the professor points
out, if it is good information, but buzz marketing also
spreads bad information quickly and easily.
Second, according to the reading, when people learn
information from their friends, like with buzz marketing,
they trust it more. However, as the professor points out,
if you get bad buzz due to problems with a product,
it is hard to change that. Buzz marketing can ruin your
reputation.
Finally, the reading says buzz marketing is an
inexpensive way to make a regular advertising
campaign better. The professor disagrees. He says
that if you have a bad buzz campaign, you will end up
spending more money to fix all of the problems that
the bad buzz started.
In conclusion, the reading points to three advantages
of buzz marl<eting~speed, trust. and effectiveness.
The professor finds flaws with each of these, thus
challenging the advantages of buzz marketing.
~Task
, -)_!
--
--------
Sample Responses
~Task
~Task