OUMH1203 / 790530085240001

FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN DAN BAHASA

SMP PPG / SEPTEMBER 2013
OUMH1203
ENGLISH FOR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

NAMA

LEE MEI YEN

NO. MATRIKULASI

790530085240001

NO. KAD PENGENALAN :

790530-08-5240

NO. TELEFON

012-6413052

ALAMAT EMEL

luvyongyen@yahoo.com

TUTOR

EN. MUHAMMAD ZAIRULLAH BASIRON

PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN :

OUM MELAKA

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CONTENTS

No.

Question

Page

Children learn best by observing the behaviour of adults and

copying it. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and

examples to support your answer

The destruction of the worlds forest is inevitable as our need

for land and food grows. Do you agree?

Technology is making communication easier in todays world,

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but at the expense of personal contact as many people choose to

work at home in front of a computer screen. What dangers are

there for a society which depends on computer screens rather
than face-to-face contact for its main means of communication?

Why is community service important in todays world?

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Tourism is becoming increasingly important as a source of

5

revenue for many countries but its disadvantages should not be

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overlooked. What are some of the disadvantages of tourism?

Reference
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Question 1:
Children learn best by observing the behavior of adults and copying it. Do you agree
or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Behaviorism is a worldview that assumes a learner is essentially passive, responding
to environmental stimuli. The learner starts off as a clean slate and behavior is shaped
through

positive

reinforcement

or

negative

reinforcement.

Both

positive

reinforcement and negative reinforcement increase the probability that the antecedent
behavior will happen again. Learning is therefore defined as a change in behavior in
the learner.
Hence, from the statement shown as above, I agree that children learn best by
observing the behaviour of adults and copying it. Children gain knowledge best by
watching conducts of adults and replicating it is a contentious one. However, children
do not know the difference between what is right and wrong. Children appreciate their
parents without judging them because they are the role models. Therefore, they are
always going to try to copy the adults around them because in their minds the adults
are the perfect stereotype of good citizenship. It is very important for adults to try to
always behave in a proper way around children so they can absorb that good behavior.
Next, the behavior of the adults plays a significant role in shaping childrens
inclination and character. After the baby is born the first and the nearest adults are
his/her parents. Then, the little baby starts his learning by observing and copying
adults talks and movements. Along with childrens growth, teachers and parents will
influence them much more such as logical thinking, making decision, cooperation
with others. A child learns most by simply paying attension to what others are doing
or copying them. For instance many girls learn cooking by following her mother in
kitchen. Say for another example, a boy sees his father playing video games and
watching TV all the time, he would prefer to do all these activities too.
Besides, children do always wants to be like the adults around them when they
grow up. In addition, they are always trying to learn from the adults, by observing
their actions. For example, if an adult smokes in front of the children, the children it
will most likely wanting to have a smoke. As it is often said "A man is known by the
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company he keeps". Even tough they might know that smoke is not good for their
health, they want to do what adults do.
On the other hand, children have brain like a plain paper. They learn good or
bad from what they watch around them. First, they watch their family members, how
they communicate with each other, their lifestyle, and way of living. Psychologically,
the children are into the phase of sensitive learning, they rapidly copy the behavior of
their parents which is imprinted on their minds. Secondly, they adopt many habits
from the society. If they communicate with well-educated or well-mannered people
then they can learn good moral values and if their neighborhood and society members
have some bad qualities it influences them negatively.
In addition, along with the children's growth, adults will influence them much
more, such as logical thinking, making decision, cooperation with others. Most of the
behaviors represent adults' inclination. For instance, if media report chiefly on the
shadow side of the society, children will easily incline to violence and excessive
sex. Futhermore, behavior is a direct and convincing method to teach children. But
things are easier said than done. Parents always tell children those principles
repeatedly, but most children can not accept it through these boring method. Adults
behavior is the most effective education method to let them observe the whole process
of how to deal with the problems. The children will learn from them naturally.
In conclusion, we can say that it is true that children learn best by observing
the behavior of adults and they try to copy it. It is the adults who should watch
their behavior and try becoming a good influence and example for the children.

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Question 2:
The destruction of the worlds forests is inevitable as our need for land and food
grows. Do you agree?
Forests are the lungs of the earth. The air we breathe, the stability of our climate and
the rich variety of life depends on forests. Theyre home to around two-thirds of all
plant and animal species found on land and millions of people depend on them for
survival. Without healthy, thriving forests, planet Earth cannot sustain life. Yet our
forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate.
From the overview stated above, I disagree that the destruction of the worlds
forests is inevitable as our need for land and food grows. Firstly, forests are important
to our ecosystem. They account for the majority of oxygen production on Earth, and
they are also homes and food sources to many animals. Without a doubt, the
destruction of forests will diminish our oxygen production and hamper the lives of
many animals. Forests are major oxygen producers and offer shelter for many
animals. Oxygen is an essential element in keeping living organisms alive, and it is
mainly produced in forests. As a result, their destruction will definitely result in the
death of our world.
Secondly, forests are also home to many animals. They provide secure shelters
and food sources for many animals to thrive on Earth. Because of the resources forest
provide, those animals can flourisd reproduce, thus balancing the ecosystem.
However, upon the destruction of forests, many animals will be forcefully evicted
from their homes and this process can result in extinction of many species. As many
species can create a chain of extinction among other species, which can devastate the
Earths ecosystem. At the end, the collapse of the ecosystem will turn the Earth into a
lifeless planet.
Third, in my point of view, if people keep destroying this green natural
resource, they will soon face many serious consequences. It's knowledgeable that
people now have to suffer the climate change resulted by greenhouse effect caused by
carbon dioxide. Generally, carbon dioxide is absorbed by trees, which prevents the
greenhouse effect. However, these filter machines are reducing continually, leaving
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many troubles in which there is global warming. This will partly modify the climate
like warmer temperature, wind direction change or higher sea level. Besides, a lot of
carbon dioxide may pollute environment seriously, harming the global health.
Fourth, our planet is protected and supported by the tree all over the world .
Therefore, destruction of the world's forest will make advantage for disaster as flood,
drought, tidal waves and so forth. People all know that trees protect them from flood
by keeping a large amount of water, or drought by maintaining the humidity of the
world. However, it seems like our efficient shield is broken by ourselves. According
to many scientists, in this century, people have to suffer a lot of disaster, proved by the
tsunami or by the earthquakes. Eventually, the unavoidable results are poverty,
starvation, losing home and death, which affects seriously the human lives.
In summary, the destruction of forests directly impacts life on Earth. The
oxygen production will be diminished the balance of the ecosystem ruined. Although
it's undeniable that using natural resources helps develop the world, compared with
what people have lost so far from over destruction the forests, it's not worth. People
need to control their nature exploiting to improve the earth as well as their
lives.Without forests, the Earth will become nothing but a former shadow of
its vigorous self.

Question 3:
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Technology is making communication easier in todays world, but at the expense of
personal contact as many people choose to work at home in front of a computer
screen. What dangers are there for a society which depends on computer screens
rather than face-to-face contact for its main means of communication?
Information and communications technology is the study, development and
application of computer-based information systems using telephones, televisions,
radios, mobiles, computers and computer software to convert, store, process, protect
and transmit information. The key features of information and communication
technology are speed and capacity. We can now access a vast wealth of information
speedily from anywhere in the world using search engines. There is greater capacity
to store and process data including text, sounds and images with computers.
However, from my view of points, there are advantages and disadvantages for
a society which depends on computer screens rather than face-to-face contact for its
main means of communication.

First, Information and communication technology has created new jobs and
employment opportunities for systems analysts, computer programmers and web
designers to mention just a few. This has enabled those employed in the information
and communication technological sector to make a living through the revenues they
receive. Information and communication technology has led to job redundancies for
many through its steady and progressive inventions as those operating with older
technology have found themselves without a secured market as clientele move on to
new technology.

Second, communication technology tools like electronic mail and text

messaging systems, speed up the sending of information within and outside of the
society. Furthermore, also with the use of decentralized computing systems, sharing
of information within an organization is very first because all data is accessed from
one central unit Database and it is shared across different society easily.
Third, face-to-face communications tends to be difficult to some people, so the
use of communication technology will help them communicate effectively at work.
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Some people might have a fear of face-to-face expression, but they might have
relevant suggestions or contributions which can help the society grow, so they can
easily use technological tools like electronic mail to voice out their concerns.

On the other hand, information and communications technology comes with

some disadvantages too. When communicating face to face, nonverbal behaviors
provide context clues for the words we use. Unfortunately, according to the Wall
Street Journal, it found that technologies like email, texting and instant messaging
remove these important context clues and can lead to misunderstandings. Sarcasm and
jokes without nonverbal context cues can cause frustration. Though smiley faces with
different expressions called "emoticons" are sometimes used to substitute traditional
nonverbal cues, they fall far short of what face-to-face communication can provide.

In addition, with the growth and expansion of technology, a new language has
been born, including a variety of abbreviations, such as, "lol," "ttyl" and "afk." While
some of these terms have become very commonly used in day-to-day exchanges,
some, such as "lmirl," or, "let's meet in real life," are almost exclusively used in
Internet interaction. If one is not familiar with this form of slang, technology can limit
effective communication more than help it.

Information Communication Technology is a general expression for a variety

of different computer, information and communication devices, applications, network
and services. Communication Technology has become important in our daily lives.
Both individuals and business use communication technology to get what they need.
However, it also has its downsides. Thus, we should be careful when using these
modern information and communication technologies.

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Question 4:
Why is community service important in todays world?
Community service has been a forever, long service done through giving people of
communities in the effort to bring up their neighbourhood. These selfless acts of
kindness have been passed through the generations with the same undertones. As
volunteering services have grown through the times, there are now more available
means of community services for people to involve themselves with. Those who taken
on community service projects have greatly benefited from their work, gaining
memorable experiences and building unique character traits.

Community Service is important for many reasons. Taking part and

volunteering teaches compassion and understanding. One of the favourite things about
community service is that there are opportunities and choices right in our very
neighbourhood. We can volunteer for something we really believe and have an
interest in and can volunteer as much or as little as you'd like or have time for.

As we know, doing community service provides students with opportunities to

become active in the community and positive contributors to society. Community
service or volunteerism enables students to acquire skills and knowledge as well as
provide a service to others that need it in some way. There are multiple benefits and
gains from community service. Hene, participating in community service activities
enhances the students resume by allowing them to obtain work related skills prior to
graduation, provides them good references for employers in regards to community
involvement, as well as having an opportunity to do networking with potential future
employers.

In addition, community service is important to us because it provides us with

eye-opening experiences while benefitting many people. Knowing that a great impact
can be made on others lives, through simple actions, makes the work worthwhile.
Giving back to the community provides a rewarding sense of pride. Besides, students
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can develop civic and social responsibility skills and become more aware of their
community needs too.

For those who are unfamiliar with volunteering, the thought of commitment
comes to mind. The commitment that is made to volunteering is slightly different, for
in most volunteering situations, we create as much of a commitment as we want.
People have the option to volunteer as much of their own time as they are willing, still
allowing them to remain focused on their school, work, and personal lives.

On the other hand, many people who have volunteered gain a type of growth
that some cannot get anywhere else. Volunteers are given the opportunity to see this
life from a variety of different angles, giving them, at the end of the day, a sense of
humility for their own lives. When a person volunteers, they are able to give as much
of their time as they want, making the commitment their own. One of the easiest
things about volunteering is getting involved. There are countless organizations and
charities that are always looking for an extra hand to put a smile on someone's face.
With all the opportunities available to volunteer, a person can find their way into
something that could change not just their life, but also the life of another.

Community service is important to us because we think that it is an honour to

help others and make them smile. The world would be better if more people helped
people in need. It helps a person become open-minded and it is a great way to help
people in their time of need too.

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Question 5:
Tourism is becoming increasingly important as a source of revenue for many
countries but its disadvantages should not be overlooked. What are some of the
disadvantages of tourism?
Tourism is the worlds largest and fastest growing industry and can be defined as the
totality of the relationship and phenomenon arising from travel and education
purposes of people, provided the stay does not imply the establishment of a permanent
residence and is not connected with remunerated activity. While it may boost a
countrys economy, doubts about the overall benefits of tourism are reinforced by the
belief that tourism brings adverse social and cultural effects. As an industry, it may be
have several impacts on a country, both good and bad.
For me, tourism is good, but I think there are many disadvantages of tourism
that may impact the people and environment of a tourist destination. First, tourists
often cause environmental damage with things like pollution and forest fires. Even if
tourists behave responsibly, the sheer number of the them can cause problems. Things
like ancient buildings, monuments and temples often struggle to cope with the vast
amounts of tourist traffic and suffer wear and tear, or damage.

In addition, the commercialization of culture can undermine the soul of a

tourist destination. Local traditions that have a rich cultural heritage are reduced to
wearing costumes and putting on acts for the tourists in return for money. Tourists can
often lack respect for local traditions and culture, not following local dress standards,
for example, or getting drunk in public, or behaving rudely or inappropriately towards
locals.

Furthermore, another negative impact of tourism is environmental damage.

The roads and tracks for safari jeeps can erode grass cover, damaging plants and
animals and disturbing local habitats. The removal of trees and other vegetation for
the construction of roads can lead to soil erosion. Thus, our natural resources are
depleted by tourists. Pollution is elevated and sometimes natural infrastructure is
destroyed. Consequently this serves negatively as increased pollution disturbs local

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residents.These issues are so important that there has been an explosion in the ecotourism industry.

Besides, often much of the tourism industry such as travel companies, hotels
and so on in a developing country is actually owned by big foreign companies, who
make the major profits, leaving locals with relatively little benefit. Tourism can create
an imbalance where it becomes so successful that other forms of income generation
are neglected and an economic dependence on tourism forms. This is fine in the good
times but it can leave the country vulnerable to economic ruin, if it suffers political
upheaval, terrorist attacks, or natural disasters, and the tourism consequently dries up.

On the other hand, although often jobs are created by tourism, most are
relatively low level, such as bar work, hotel service, restaurant serving, etc. with little
prospect for promotion. Tourism jobs are quite commonly seasonal and insecure with
no extra benefits, such as pensions, sick pay or health care. Thus, money can end up
being directed to tourist areas when it could be used more effectively elsewhere in a
country but the locals who dont live in specific tourist areas miss out and suffer
relative decline.

However, tourism is a main source of income to developing countries. When

tourists come to these countries, they may help to increase developments in the
country and thereby accelerates economic growth. Everyone of the country should
work together to manage correctly in tourism.

REFERENCE
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K.B.Tam.(2009).Write A SPM Essays.Selangor:Cerdik Publication Sdn Bhd.

Anita Lim.(2014).133 Model Compositions & Summaries.Selangor:Penerbit Ilmu
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Children Learn Best By Observing Adults.(n.d.).[Online].

Available: http://devieanne.weebly.com/7/post/2013/03/-children-learn-best-byobserving-the-behavior-of-adults-and-copying-it.html..[2014, January 19].

What Is ICT.(n.d.).[Online].
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Technology And Communication.(n.d.).[Online].

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