"MONORAIL.

xls" Program
Version 1.3

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS

For S-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Job Name:
Subject:
Job Number:
Originator:
Checker:
Input:
RL(min)=-5.57

Monorail Size:
Select: S15x50
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
50
ksi
Beam Simple-Span, L = 10.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lb = 10.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cb =
1.00
Overhang Length, Lo = 4.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 4.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cbo =
1.00
Lifted Load, P = 13.500 kips
Trolley Weight, Wt = 1.000 kips
Hoist Weight, Wh = 0.100 kips
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
10
%
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
20
%
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
4
Wheel Spacing, S = 0.7500 ft.
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in.
Results:
Parameters and Coefficients:
Pv = 15.950 kips
Pw = 3.988 kips/wheel
Ph = 2.700 kips
ta = 0.450 in.
= 0.147
Cxo = -0.855
Cx1 = 0.579
Czo = 0.162
Cz1 = 1.981

RR(max)=22.22
Lo=4

L=10
x=4.813
S=0.75

S15x50
Pv=15.95

Nomenclature

A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =

S15x50 Member Properties:

14.70 in.^2
d/Af =
4.28
15.000 in.
Ix = 485.00
0.550 in.
Sx = 64.70
5.640 in.
Iy = 15.60
0.622 in.
Sy =
5.53
1.375 in.
J = 2.120
1.260 in.
Cw = 806.0

in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6

Support Reactions: (with overhang)

RR(max) = 22.22 = Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) =
-5.57
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
ta = tf-bf/24+a/6 (for S-shape)
= 2*a/(bf-tw)
Cxo = -1.096+1.095*+0.192*e^(-6.0*)
Cx1 = 3.965-4.835*-3.965*e^(-2.675*)
Czo = -0.981-1.479*+1.120*e^(1.322*)
Cz1 = 1.810-1.150*+1.060*e^(-7.70*)

Bending Moments for Simple-Span:

x = 4.813 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span)
Mx = 36.94 ft-kips
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
My =
6.25
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
ft-kips
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e = 7.500 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 31.375
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
1.76
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
ft-kips
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
fbx =
6.85
ksi
Lb/rt = 95.24

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt

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Fbx =

23.36

ksi

Fbx = 12000*Cb/(Lb*12/(d/Af)) <= 0.60*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

(continued)

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Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:

fby = 13.57 ksi
fwns =
7.65
ksi
fby(total) = 21.22 ksi
Fby = 37.50 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span:

S.R. = 0.859
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby

fby <= Fby, O.K.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span:

Pv = 14.600 kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
(max) = 0.0379 in.
(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
(ratio) = L/3169
(ratio) = L*12/(max)
(allow) = 0.2667 in.
(allow) = L*12/450
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
Bending Moments for Overhang:
Mx = 58.22 ft-kips
My =
9.79
ft-kips

Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2
My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))

Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang:

(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e = 7.500 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 31.375
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
3.68
Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12
ft-kips
X-axis Stresses for Overhang:
fbx = 10.80 ksi
Lbo/rt = 38.10
Fbx = 33.00 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lbo/rt = Lbo*12/rt
Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

Y-axis Stresses for Overhang:

fby = 21.24 ksi
fwns = 15.97 ksi
fby(total) = 37.21 ksi
Fby = 37.50 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

fby <= Fby, O.K.

Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang:

S.R. = 1.319
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby
Vertical Deflection for Overhang:
Pv = 14.600 kips
(max) = 0.1338 in.
(ratio) = L/359
(allow) = 0.1600 in.

S.R. > 1.0

(assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang)

Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
(max) =
Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
(ratio) = Lo*12/(max)
(allow) = Lo*12/300
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.

Bottom Flange Bending (simplified):

be = 7.464 in.
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length)
tf2 = 0.834 in.
tf2 = tf+(bf/2-tw/2)/2*(1/6) (flange thk. at web based on 1:6 slope of flange)
am = 2.004 in.
am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf2) (where: k-tf2 = radius of fillet)
Mf = 7.991 in.-kips
Mf = Pw*am
Sf = 0.481 in.^3
Sf = be*tf^2/6
fb = 16.60 ksi
fb = Mf/Sf
Fb = 37.50 ksi
Fb = 0.75*Fy
fb <= Fb, O.K.

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Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004):

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0:
xo = -16.88 ksi
xo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2
zo =
zo = Czo*Pw/ta^2
3.20
ksi

(Note: torsion is neglected)

(Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)
S-shape

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1:

x1 =
x1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2
11.43
ksi
z1 = 39.10 ksi
z1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2

Trolley
Wheel

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2:

x2 = 16.88 ksi
x2 = -xo
z2 =
z2 = -zo
-3.20
ksi

Pw

Pw

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:

z = 22.82 ksi
x = -12.66 ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
to = 31.14 ksi

z = fbx+fby+0.75*zo
x = 0.75*xo
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
to = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi, O.K.

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1:

z = 49.75 ksi
x =
8.57
ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
t1 = 46.06 ksi

y = fbx+fby+0.75*z1
x = 0.75*x1
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
t1 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

> Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2:

z = 18.02 ksi
x = 12.66 ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
t2 = 16.03 ksi

z = fbx+fby+0.75*z2
x = 0.75*x2
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
t2 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi, O.K.

tw
X
Pw

Pw

tf

Point 2
Point 0

Point 1

ta

bf/4

tw/2

bf

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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS

For W-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Job Name:
Subject:
Job Number:
Originator:
Checker:
Input:
RL(min)=-8.01

Monorail Size:
Select: W12x58
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
36
ksi
Beam Simple-Span, L = 10.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lb = 10.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cb =
1.00
Overhang Length, Lo = 5.5000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 5.5000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cbo =
1.00
Lifted Load, P = 13.500 kips
Trolley Weight, Wt = 0.400 kips
Hoist Weight, Wh = 0.100 kips
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
15
%
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
10
%
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
4
Wheel Spacing, S = 0.7500 ft.
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in.
Results:
Parameters and Coefficients:
Pv = 16.025 kips
Pw = 4.006 kips/wheel
Ph = 1.350 kips
ta = 0.640 in.
= 0.078
Cxo = -1.944
Cx1 = 0.441
Czo = 0.192
Cz1 = 2.448

RR(max)=24.93
Lo=5.5

L=10
x=4.813
S=0.75

W12x58
Pv=16.025

Nomenclature

A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =

W12x58 Member Properties:

17.00 in.^2
d/Af =
1.90
12.200 in.
Ix = 475.00
0.360 in.
Sx = 78.00
10.000 in.
Iy = 107.00
0.640 in.
Sy = 21.40
1.240 in.
J = 2.100
2.720 in.
Cw = 3570.0

in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6

Support Reactions: (with overhang)

RR(max) = 24.93 = Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) =
-8.01
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
ta = tf (for W-shape)
= 2*a/(bf-tw)
Cxo = -2.110+1.977*+0.0076*e^(6.53*)
Cx1 = 10.108-7.408*-10.108*e^(-1.364*)
Czo = 0.050-0.580*+0.148*e^(3.015*)
Cz1 = 2.230-1.490*+1.390*e^(-18.33*)

Bending Moments for Simple-Span:

x = 4.813 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span)
Mx =
37.11
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
ft-kips
My =
3.13
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
ft-kips
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e = 6.100 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 66.346
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
1.41
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
ft-kips
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
fbx =
5.71
ksi
Lb/rt = 44.12

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt

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Fbx =

23.76

ksi

Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

(continued)

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Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:

fby =
1.75
ksi
fwns =
1.59
ksi
fby(total) =
3.34
ksi
Fby = 27.00 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span:

S.R. = 0.364
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby

fby <= Fby, O.K.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span:

Pv = 14.000 kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
(max) = 0.0372 in.
(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
(ratio) = L/3223
(ratio) = L*12/(max)
(allow) = 0.2667 in.
(allow) = L*12/450
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
Bending Moments for Overhang:
Mx = 83.01 ft-kips
My =
6.92
ft-kips

Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2
My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))

Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang:

(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e = 6.100 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 66.346
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
3.73
Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12
ft-kips
X-axis Stresses for Overhang:
fbx = 12.77 ksi
Lbo/rt = 24.26
Fbx = 23.76 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lbo/rt = Lbo*12/rt
Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

Y-axis Stresses for Overhang:

fby =
3.88
ksi
fwns =
4.19
ksi
fby(total) =
8.07
ksi
Fby = 27.00 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

fby <= Fby, O.K.

Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang:

S.R. = 0.836
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby
Vertical Deflection for Overhang:
Pv = 14.000 kips
(max) = 0.2757 in.
(ratio) = L/239
(allow) = 0.1467 in.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

(assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang)

Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
(ratio) = Lo*12/(max)
(allow) = Lo*12/450
Defl.(max) > Defl.(allow)

Bottom Flange Bending (simplified):

be = 7.680 in.
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length)
am = 4.220 in.
am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf) (where: k-tf = radius of fillet)
Mf = 16.906 in.-kips
Mf = Pw*am
Sf = 0.524 in.^3
Sf = be*tf^2/6
fb = 32.25 ksi
fb = Mf/Sf
Fb = 27.00 ksi
Fb = 0.75*Fy

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Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004):

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0:
xo = -19.01 ksi
xo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2
zo =
zo = Czo*Pw/ta^2
1.88
ksi

(Note: torsion is neglected)

(Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1:

x1 =
x1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2
4.32
ksi
z1 = 23.94 ksi
z1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2:
x2 = 19.01 ksi
x2 = -xo
z2 =
z2 = -zo
-1.88
ksi
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:
z =
8.87
ksi
x = -14.26 ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
to = 20.21 ksi

z = fbx+fby+0.75*zo
x = 0.75*xo
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
to = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1:

z = 25.42 ksi
x =
3.24
ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
t1 = 23.97 ksi

y = fbx+fby+0.75*z1
x = 0.75*x1
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
t1 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

> Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2:

z =
6.05
ksi
x = 14.26 ksi
xz =
0.00
ksi
t2 = 12.39 ksi

z = fbx+fby+0.75*z2
x = 0.75*x2
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
t2 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.

tw
X

Pw

Pw

Z
Point 2

tf

Point 0
Point 1
bf

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