History of Computer
The history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of
computing devices. Each of the five generations of computers is characterized by a major technological development
that fundamentally changed the way computers operate, resulting in increasingly smaller, cheaper, and more powerful
and more efficient and reliable computing devices
There was also an unrelated Russian project also named as fifth-generation computer (see
Kronos (computer)).The term "fifth generation" was intended to convey the system as being a
leap beyond existing machines. In the history of computing hardware, computers using vacuum
tubes were called the first generation; transistors and diodes, the second; integrated circuits, the
third; and those using microprocessors, the fourth. Whereas previous computer generations had
focused on increasing the number of logic elements in a single CPU, the fifth generation, it was
widely believed at the time, would instead turn to massive numbers of CPUs for added
performance.
The project was to create the computer over a ten-year period, after which it was considered
ended and investment in a new "sixth generation" project would begin. Opinions about its
outcome are divided: either it was a failure, or it was ahead of its time.