CONTENTS

Acknowledgement
Abstract
List of tables
List of figures
Abbreviation

CHAPTER 1:

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General
1.2 Power Quality

1-10
1

1.2.1 Definition

1.2.2 Power Quality problems

1.2.3 Solutions to Power Quality problems

1.2.4 Power Quality standards

1.3 Motivation

1.4 Organization of the project

1.5 Objectives of the project

10

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURY SURVEY

11-13

CHAPTER 3: POWER FILTER

14-20

3.1 Filter

14

3.2 Classification of active filters according to rating

16

3.3 Methods of active power filter

16

3.3.1 Shunt active power filter

16

3.3.2 Series active power filter

18

3.3.3 Active power Filter Market

19

CHAPTER 4: HIGH LEVEL DESIGN

21-38

4.1 Design Considerations

21

4.1.1 Development Methods

4.2P Q theory

21
22

4.2.1 Principles of p-q theory

22

4.2.2Proposed Method

25

4.2.3The p-q theory applied to SAPF

26

4.2.3. (A) Calculation of p-q theory

28

4.2.4p-q Theory without Shunt Active Power Filter for load set A

29

4.2.5p-q Theory without Shunt Active Power Filter for load set B

30

4.3 Objectives of p-q theory

30

4.4 Synchronous Detection Method

31

4.5Architecture Strategies

33

4.6Data Flow Diagrams

33

4.6.1. Data Flow Diagram Level 0

34

4.6.2 Data Flow Diagram Level 1

35

4.7Detailed design
4.7.1. Functional Description of the Modules
CHAPTER 5: ABOUT MATLAB
5.1 MATLAB

36
36
39-50
39

5.1.1SIMULINK

40

5.1.2SIMPOWERSYSTEMS

42

5.1.2.1TheRoleofSimulationinDesign
5.2SimPowerSystemsLibraries
5.2.1Three Phasesource

43
43
44

5.2.2Three-PhaseV-IMeasurement
CHAPTER 6: SIMULATION RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

47
51-56

6.1 Simulation Results

51

6.2 Conclusion

56

Future scope

BIBLIOGRAPHY

57

BIODATA

59

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1.2.3: The selection of the type of active power filter to improve power quality

TABLE1.2.4(A): Harmonic voltages at PCC until order 25 in percentage of the nominal voltage

TABLE 1.2.4(B): Compatibility levels for individual harmonic voltages in public low-voltage

networks

TABLE 1.2.4 (C): Compatibility levels for harmonics

TABLE 1.2.4(D): Maximum distortion levels

LIST OF FIGURES

7
8

Figure 3.1.(A): Block diagram of a simple power system With APF ON

14

Figure3.1.(B): Block diagram of a simple power system with APF OFF

14

Figure 3.2: Classification of active filters according to rating

14

Figure 3.3.1: Configuration of a shunt active filter system

16

Figure 3.3.2:Configuration of a series active filter system

16

Fig. 4.2.2: Operation of Three Phase Shunt Active Power Filter

25

Figure 4.2.3: Simulink Model for Instantaneous power Theory (p-q theory) with SAPF

26

Figure 4.2.3(A): Calculation of p-q theory

29

Figure 4.2.4: p-q Theory without Shunt Active Power Filter for load set A

29

Figure 4.2.5: p-q Theory without Shunt Active Power Filter for load set B

30

Figure 4.4: Simulink Model Developed for SDM with SAPF

32

Fig 4.5: System power components in a-b-c coordinate

33

Figure4.6.1: Data Flow Diagram Level 0

34

Figure 4.6.2: Data Flow Diagram Level 1

Figure 6.1: The three phase load currents for load set A (a)
52

35
ia

(a)

ib

and (a)

ic

Figure 6.2: The three phase load currents for load set B (a)

ia

(a)

ib

and (a)

ic

52
Figure 6.3: The three phase source currents before compensation for load
i
i
i
(P-q-SAPF) (a) sa (b) sb and (c) sc

53

Figure 6.4: The three phase compensation currents for load

53

(p-q SAPF) (a)

i ca

(b)

i cb

(c)

i cc

Figure 6.5: The three phase source currents after compensation for load
i
i
i
(p-q -SAPF) (a) sa (b) sb and (c) sc

54

Figure 6.6: The three phase compensation currents for load

54

(SDM- SAPF) (a)

i ca

(b)

i cb

(c)

i cc

Figure 6.7: The three phase source currents before compensation for load
i
i
i
(SDM-SAPF) (a) sa (b) sb and (c) sc

55

Figure 6.8: The three phase source currents after compensation for load
i
i
i
(SDM-SAPF) (a) sa (b) sb and (c) sc

55

ABBREVIATION
AC -

Alternating Current

AMP -

Amplitude

APF -

Active Power filter

CSI -

Current Source Inverter

DC -

Direct Current

DFD-

Data Flow Diagram

DVR-

Dynamic Voltage Regulator

DSP -

Digital Signal Processor

DPFC-

Distributed Power Flow Controller

EMC-

Electromagnetic Compatibility

EPQ -

Electric Power Quality

IEC -

International Electro-technical Commission

IEEE -

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IGBT -

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor

PCC -

Point of Common Coupling

PI -

Proportional Integral

PID -

Proportional Integral and Derivative

PWM -

Pulse Width Modulation

rms -

root mean square

SMPs -

Switched Mode Power Supply

SAPF-

Shunt Active Power Filter

SDM-

Synchronous Detection Method

SRF -

Synchronous Reference Frame

SVC -

static VAR compensators

THD -

Total Harmonic distortion

TV -

Television

UPS -

Uninterruptable Power Supply

UPFC-

Unified Power Flow Controller

VA -

Volt Ampere

VAR -

Volt Ampere Reactor

VSI -

Voltage Source Inverter