Download Binaa al Af'aal (Arabic only) from here:

http://sughayyirah.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/binaaafaal.pdf The actual text starts on page 10.

(Beginning of the text):
(I seek help) with the Name of God, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy

Know, that the kinds of patterns (for verbs) are 35 types.

Translator's Note: This is assuming that irregular verbs for example muda'af and weak of ayn etc are
not counted as different types. Because they originate from the foundational pattern, but have a change
in them due to a double letter, hamzah, or weak letter. For example:

- to buy
This verb is counted among the verbs that are ( increased) by 2 letters ( on p.13) on the
pattern of

. A regular verb upon this pattern would be like:

- to participate

So the fact that ishtaraa ends in a weak letter (yaa and thus it is an irregular verb) does not mean it is
a different type from the 35 types the author is mentioning. And he mentions the irregular patterns
towards the end. After memorizing the regular pattern of conjugation, the student can move on to the
way irregular verbs on these 35 patterns are conjugated. In my opinion, the Madinah series teaches
verbs in the best way. In Book 2, it teaches regular mujarrad (bare, not increased) verb conjugations,
then the irregular for the mujarrad.1 Then Book 3 teaches mazeed (increased) verbs (separately by
pattern). In my opinion, this is much easier for the student to memorize. Allah knows best.

6 of these types are called Thulaathee (3 letter root) Mujarrad (bare)

1 Madinah Book 2 starts teaching the present tense conjugations of thulaathee mujarrad verbs in chapter 10
http://www.iu.edu.sa/web/spages/edu/syukbah/du2_11.htm . However, it only teaches 4 of the 6 thulaathee mujarrad. I
assume this is because the other 2 are rarer forms and since the forms are similar to each other, it is less confusing not to
include them. The 4 forms/patterns in chapter 10 correspond to the first 4 forms (thulaathee mujarrad) mentioned in
Binaa al Af'aal (on p. 10 and 11)

TN: A 3 letter root as opposed to a 4 letter root. For example, when using a dictionary that has words
arranged by their root letters (like Hans Wehr), if you wanted to find to translate, you would look
under four letters because it has four root letters it's rubaa'ee). But if you wanted to look up
( to stone), you would look it up under the root because this word is thulaathee 3 letter root.
Mujarrad as opposed to mazeed. Mujarrad are the verbs that are bare not increased. Mazeed are the
verbs that are increased by 1 or more letters. Some examples of thulaathee mujarrad:

Some examples of thulaathee mazeed:

The first type

:
An example of a verb on this pattern:

to help

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that in the past tense the middle root letter has fat-hah and in the present tense, the middle root letter
has dammah. TN: The of the verb that the text mentions refers to the way patterns are shown in
Arabic. For example, masculine colors are on the pattern of faa corresponds with the first root
letter, ain corresponds with middle root letter and lam corresponds with the last root letter. E.g.:

the 3 root letters being .
Likewise this pattern fa'ala is used to show verb types/forms. corresponds to the corresponds
to and corresponds to 2. So, the author is showing the pattern of this type of verb

2

= and =

and then he gives a specific example of a verb upon this pattern

.

And its (this type's) construction is that of transitivity (i.e. it is a transitive verb) most of the time, but it
may also be intransitive.

An example of a transitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid helped 'Amr.

And an example of an intransitive verb (upon this same pattern) is:

Zaid left.

The muta'addee (transitive verb) is what carries the action of the doer over to the object (maf'ool bihi).
TN: Meaning, the transitive verb causes something to happen to someone or something else, other than
the Doer of the action (Faa'il). In the example: Zaid helped 'Amr, Zaid's action did not fall upon
himself it fell upon (or happened to) 'Amr

And the laazim (intransitive verb) is what does not cause the action of the Doer to fall upon the object,
rather the action falls upon (or happens to) itself. TN: In the example: Zaid left, the action did not
happen to an object (i.e. it didn't happen to a direct or indirect object), the action happened to Zaid
himself. He himself left. He did not leave someone/something somewhere else (in which case the verb
would need to be transitive).

The second type

An example of a verb on this pattern

to hit

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that in the past tense the middle root letter has fat-hah and in the present tense the middle root letter
has kasrah

And its (this type's) construction is that of transitivity (i.e. it is a transitive verb) most of the time also
(like the first pattern mentioned ), but it may be intransitive.

An example of a transitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid hit 'Amr.

The third type

3 in the present tense has kasrah

An example of a verb on this pattern

to open

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that in the past and present tense, the middle root letter has fat-hah

With the condition that either the middle root letter or the last root letter are one of the (6) letters of the
throat

And they (the letters of the throat) are 6

They are:

Translator's Note: So if we look at Madinah Book Two, chapter 10 (for example, here:
http://www.iu.edu.sa/web/spages/edu/syukbah/du2_11.htm ) and we look at the verbs listed for this
pattern ( ) we see that all of them fall into this category:

All of these verbs have one of the 6 letters of the throat (hurooful halq) as either their middle or last
root letter.

And its (this type's) construction is that of transitivity (i.e. it is a transitive verb) most of the time also
(like the first two patterns), but it may be intransitive

An example of a transitive verb is in the sentence:



Zaid opened the door.

And an example of an intransitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid left4.

The fourth type

An example of a verb on this pattern

to know

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that in the past tense the middle root letter has kasrah, and in the present tense it has fat-hah

And its (this type's) construction is that of transitivity (i.e. it is a transitive verb) most of the time also
(like the first three patterns), but it may be intransitive
4 means to go and means to leave, but to say Zaid went didn't sound good in my opinion. So I translated
it with a similar meaning to Zaid went which I thought sounded better. I like translating literally when I can, but the
problem with literal translations is that they don't always make sense to the early Arabic student or non-Arabic speaker.



An example of a transitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid knew the issue.

An example of an intransitive verb is in this sentence:

Zaid was afraid.

The fifth type

An example of a verb on this pattern

to be good

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that the middle root letter has a dammah in both the past and present tense.

And its construction is only that of intransitivity (it is only an intransitive verb)


For example:

Zaid was good.

The sixth type

An example of a verb on this pattern

to consider/deem

And the sign (that a verb is of this type)

Is that in the past and present tense the middle root letter has kasrah

And its (this type's) construction is that of transitivity (i.e. it is a transitive verb) most of the time also,
but it may be intransitive

An example of a transitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid considered 'Amr a virtuous person.

An example of an intransitive verb is in the sentence:

Zaid inherited.

Translator's Note: In the footnote, the compiler of Binaa al Af'aal mentions:

Shaikh Haazimee6 - (I ask that) Allah, The Most High, preserve him, said:

Perhaps the correct example (for a laazim intransitive verb) is:

Zaid trusted Bakr.7

As for he inherited, then it is transitive

You say, Zaid inherited wealth.

)(
So wealth is the maf'ool bihi (the thing that the action falls upon)

And likewise (another example) is, The man inherited (from) his father.

5 has kasrah
6 TN: I do not know if this is a Salafee Scholar or not.
7 is not considered a transitive verb here because there is no maf'ool bihi. A transitive verb needs a maf'ool bihi.
There is none in this sentence. There is only harful jarr ( ) and ism majroor () .