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  • Quality Assurance in Nursing

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    Waaberrin
    315 tayangan4 halaman
    This document discusses quality assurance in nursing. It defines quality assurance as a program designed to promote the best possible care. The principles of quality assurance include commitment from managers, involvement from all employees, and a focus on improving systems. Approaches to quality assurance include measuring performance against standards and objectives, comparing results, and taking corrective actions. Factors like lack of resources, personnel issues, unreasonable patients, and lack of information systems can affect quality of nursing care. Developing a quality assurance program requires fostering commitment, reviewing current activities, developing goals and vision, and assigning responsibilities. Total quality management focuses on customer needs and continuous evaluation. Nursing audits assess the quality of clinical nursing care.

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    Quality Assurance in Nursing

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    This document discusses quality assurance in nursing. It defines quality assurance as a program designed to promote the best possible care. The principles of quality assurance include commitment from managers, involvement from all employees, and a focus on improving systems. Approaches to quality assurance include measuring performance against standards and objectives, comparing results, and taking corrective actions. Factors like lack of resources, personnel issues, unreasonable patients, and lack of information systems can affect quality of nursing care. Developing a quality assurance program requires fostering commitment, reviewing current activities, developing goals and vision, and assigning responsibilities. Total quality management focuses on customer needs and continuous evaluation. Nursing audits assess the quality of clinical nursing care.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    315 tayangan4 halaman

    Quality Assurance in Nursing

    Diunggah oleh

    Waaberrin
    This document discusses quality assurance in nursing. It defines quality assurance as a program designed to promote the best possible care. The principles of quality assurance include commitment from managers, involvement from all employees, and a focus on improving systems. Approaches to quality assurance include measuring performance against standards and objectives, comparing results, and taking corrective actions. Factors like lack of resources, personnel issues, unreasonable patients, and lack of information systems can affect quality of nursing care. Developing a quality assurance program requires fostering commitment, reviewing current activities, developing goals and vision, and assigning responsibilities. Total quality management focuses on customer needs and continuous evaluation. Nursing audits assess the quality of clinical nursing care.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 4

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    QUALITYASSURANCEINNURSING

    QUALITYASSURANCEINNURSING
    Byglobalpoint

    QUALITYASSURANCEINNURSING

    QUALITYASSURANCEINNURSING
    INTRODUCTION:Healthcarequalityisintheeyeofthebeholder.Inthis,theprimarygoalistosecurethehealthcare.Itreferstothe
    actualdeliveryofcarefromthepointofpatientsfirstsignalingadesiretobeconsideredforpotentialtreatment.
    DEFINITION
    Qualityassuranceisaprogrammeadoptedbyaninstitutionthatisdesignedtopromtethebestpossiblecare.(Delaughery)
    Qulityassuranceistheprocessofachievingexcellenceintheservicerenderedtoeveryclient.
    PRINCIPLESOFQUALITYASSURANCE
    managersneedtobecommittedtoqualitymanagement.Allemployeesmustbeinvolvedinqualityimprovement.Theqoalofquality
    managementistoprovideasysteminwhichworkerscanfunctioneffectively.Thefocusqualitymanagementisonimprovingthe
    system.Everyagencyhasinternalandexternalcustomers.Customersdefinequality.Decisionmustbebasedonfacts.
    APPROACHESTOQUALITYASSURANCE
    Methodsformeasuringperformance:
    Asnursingcareisdeliveredwithinaframeworkofindependentrelationshipswthphysiciansandamultiplicityofotherhealthcare
    personnel.Themostcommonlyusedmethodsofnursingcarearetaskanalysisandqualitycontrol.
    Measuringactualperformance:
    Itisanongoingrepelitiveprocesswiththeactualfrequencydependantonthetypeofactivitybeingmeasured.Itisbettertoclarifythe
    purposeofthemeasurementandtomeasureperformanceonacontinuousbasis.
    Comparingresultsofperformancewthstandardsandobjectivesandidentifyingstrengthsandareasforcorrection:
    Thestandardsandobjectivesandmethodsofmeasurementhavebeenset,ifperformancematchesstandardsandobjectives,managers
    mayassumethatthingsareundercontrolifperformanceisacontrarytostandardsandobjectives,actionisnecessary.
    Actingtoreinforcestrengthsorsuccessandtakingcorrectiveactionasnecessary:
    Positiveaspectsneededtobeidebtifiedinorderthattheymayetranslatedintoencouragementandmotivationforthenursingmembers
    involvedinachievingthem.

    FACTORSAFFECTINGQUALITYASSURANCEINNURSINGCARE
    Lackofresources:Insufficientresources,infrastructure,equipment,moneyforrecurringexpensesandstaffmakeitimpossibleforoutput
    ofacertainquality.
    Personnelproblem:Lackoftrained,skilledandmotivatedemployees,staffindisciplneetc.affectsthequalityofcare.
    Unreasonablepatientsandattendants:
    Illness,anxietyabsenceofimmediateresponsetotreatment,unreasonableanduncooperativeattitudewhichinturnaffectsthequality
    care.
    4.Impropermaintenance:Buildingequipmentrequiresproper,aintenanceforefficientuse.
    5.Absenceofwellinformedpopulance:
    Toimprovequalitynursingcare,itisnecessarythatthepeoplebecomeknowledgeableandasserttheirrightstoqualitycare.
    6.Absenceofaccreditationlaws:Thereisnoorganizationstrictlyempoweredlegislationtolaydownstandardsfornursing&medicalcare
    soastorequlatethequalityofcare.
    7.Inspecthospitalsandensurethatbasicrequirementsaremet:Enquireintomajorincidenceofnegligenceandtakeactionagainsthealth
    professionalinvolvedinmalpractices.
    8.Lackofincidentreviewprocedures:
    Duringapatientshospitalizationseveralincidentsmayoccurwhichhaveabearingonthetreatmentandthepatientsfinalrecovery.
    9.Delayedattendancebyphysician/nurse:
    Incorrectmedication,burnsarisingoutoffaultyprocedures,deathinacorridorwithnonurse/physicianaccompanyingthepatientcare.
    10.Lackofgoodhospitalinformationsystem:
    Agoodmanagementinformationsystemisessentialfortheappraisalofqualitycare.
    11Absenceofconductingpatientsatisfactionsurveys:Surveystobecarriedoutthroughquestionnaires,interviewsetc.bysocialworker,
    hospitalmanagementtraineesandconsultantgroups.

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    12.Lackofnursingcarerecords:
    Nursesshouldusetheproblemorientedrecordsystemorusenursingprocesswhilerecordingthecaregiven.
    13.Miscellaneous:Lackofgoodsupervisionabsenceofknowledgeaboutthephilosophyofnursingcare,lackofpolicy&administrative
    manuallackofproceduremanual,substandardeducationandtrining,inadequatequalityandnumberofprofessionals,lackofevaluation
    techniques,lackofcoordinationbetweenandwithindepartmens,lackofwrittenjobdescriptionsandjobspecifications,lackofinservice
    andcontinuingeducationalprogrammes.

    DEVELOPMENTOFAQUALITYASSURANCEPROGRAM
    DEVELOPMENTOFAQUALITYASSURANCEPROGRAM
    Thisprogrammeisacarefullyplanned,phasedprocess,oritmaybeimplementedinonestepaspartofafundamentalorganizational
    change.
    FosterCommitmentoQuality:
    Thisprocessmustcontinuethroughoutthelifeofaprojectandatalllevelsoftheorganization.Commitmentcanbedonethrough
    awarenessraisingseminars,specialplanningmeetings,oronetoonediscussionwithanorganizationsleader
    ConductaPreliminaryReviewofQualityRelatedActivities:
    Itisimportanttoconductaninitialreviewoftheorganizationandtodevelopageneraldescriptionoftheexistingsystem.
    DevelopthePurposeandVisionfortheQualityAssuranceEffort:
    Purposeistobuildconsensusbetweenmanagersandtosetboundariesforthequalityassuranceeffort.Thevisionwillhelpthestaffto
    understandhowtheirdaytodaywokrelatestoqualityimprovement.
    *DeterminelevelandscopeofinitialQualityAssuranceActivities:
    Itdependontheresourcesavailable,theimplementationtimeframeandthereceptivityofmanagemetandprogramstafftotheideaof
    qualityassurance,Theeffortcanbeimplementedatnational,regionalanddistrictlevelorwithinasinglehealthfacility.
    *AssignresponsibilityforQualityAssurance:
    AnExistingcommitteeormanagementbodywilltakeonresponsibilityforqualityassurance,integratingitintothegeneralmanagement
    structure.
    *Allocateresourcesforqualityassurance
    Localresourcesmustbeallocatedtoqualityassuranceprogrammetobecomeapermanentpartofahealthcareorganization.Itmay
    dependonoutsidetechnicalandfinancialassistance.

    *DevelopawrittenqualityAsuranceplan
    Thisplanisawrittendocumentthatdecribestheprogrammeobjectivesandscope,defineslinesofresponsibilityandauthority,andputs
    forthimplementationstrategies.Theplanhelpthestaffstorelatequality,goalsandobjectivestotheirroutineactivities.
    *CriticalManagementSystem:
    Qualityassuranceeffortswillfocusthreecriticalmanagementsystem:Supervision,trainingandmanagementinformationsystems.
    *DisseminateQualityAssuranceExperience:
    Disseminationstrategyshouldbedevisedtoshareexperienceinsideandoutsidetheorganization.Conferenceswhichconductatlocal,
    regional,national&internationallevelwillreinforcesuccessencouragedialogueandcreativity.
    *ManageChange:
    Acareful,phasedapproachtochangeisrequiredandanopenandtrustingenvironmentmustbecultivated.
    ROLEOFANURSE
    Anursingadministratorhastodevelopaformalizedqualityprogramme.
    1.Revieworganizational,personnelandenvironment.
    2.Focusonstandardsofnursingcareandmethodsofdeliveringnursingcare.
    3.Focusontheoutcomeofcare

    TOTALQUALITYMANAGEMENT
    Itfocusestheproductionandservice,ietheenvironmentmustbecustomerresponsive.Itidentifyinganddoingtherightthings,theright
    way,thefirsttimeandthepreventionofproblems.Inthis,customerneedsandexperienceswiththeendproductareconstantlyevaluated.

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    Thecriticalcomponentintotaqualitymanagementistheempowermentofemployeesbyprovidingpositivefeedbackandreinforcing
    attitudesandbehaviorsthatsupportqualityandproductivity.Intotalqualitymanagement,theemployeetobeknowledgeable,accountable
    andresponsibleandprovideseducationandtrainingforemployeesatalllevel.
    NURSINGAUDIT
    DEFINITION
    (i)NursingauditreferstoassessmentofthequalityofclinicalnursingElison.
    (ii)Nursingauditisanexercisetofindoutwhethergoodnursingpracticesarefollowed.Gosterwelfer
    GOALOFNURSINGAUDIT:
    Improvequalityofhealthcare.
    Promoteimprovedcommunicationamongnurses&otherhealthteammembers.
    Improvequalityofnursingcare.
    Detectandanalyzeproblemsanderrors
    Ensurethatnursesareaccountableoranswerableforthecare.
    Contributetoresearch
    Forthepurposeofreimbursement.
    STEPSINAUDITPROCESS:
    *Selectionofatopic
    *Developmentofcriteria
    *Developmentofperformancestandards.
    *ChartPreview
    *Identificationofvariation
    *Analysisofvariation
    *Developmentofsolutionstocorrectpoorperformance.
    *Implementationofcorrectiveaction
    *Evaluationandreaudit

    TYPESOFAUDIT
    Anauditcanberetrospectiveorconcurrentorprospectiveaudit.
    RETROSPECTIVEAUDIT
    Aretrospectivenursingauditwillidentifythespecificnursewhoareresponsibleforpatientscareatvarioustimesduringhospitalization
    anddeficienciesinperformanceorchartingwillbereportedbacktothenurse.
    CONCURRENTAUDIT
    Itreviewsandevaluatesrecordswhilepersonsarereceivingcare.Theadvantageisprovidingopportunitiesformakingchangesinthe
    ongoingcareprogramme.
    PROSPECTIVEAUDIT
    Itidentifieshowfutureperformancewillbeaffectedbycurrentinterventions.Mostfrequentlyusedqualiycontrolareprocessaudit,
    structureauditandoutcomeaudit.
    PrcessAudit:Theyareusedtomeasuretheprocessofcareandhowthecarewascarriedoutandaretaskorientedandfocuson
    whetherornotstandardsofnursingpracticearebeingmet.
    StructureAudit:Theseauditsassumethereisarelationshipbetweensetting,qualitycare,andappropriatestructure.
    OutComeAudits:Theyareendresultsofcare.Itdetermineswhatresultsoccurredasaresultofspecificinterventionbynursesforclients.
    ADVANTAGESOFNURSINGAUDIT
    Abiographicalindexofqualityofnursing
    Apatientisassuredofgoodservices.
    Itwillgiveavaluableandpertinentinformationforthestaff.
    Itwillleadtobetweencooperationandcommunicationamongthenurse&healthteam.
    Itwillhelpeachprofessionalnurseforherselfevaluation.
    Ithelpstheadministrationasbetterplanning.

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    Itwillreducetheincidenceofmedicallegalcomplication.
    Itwillbroadenandstrengthennursingservice.

    CONCLUSION
    Theconceptofqualityassurancereferstotheaccountabilityofthehealthprofessionstothesocietyforthequality,quantity,
    appropriatenessandcostsofhealthservicesprovided.Inadditiontothedevelopmentofoutcomeindicatorstheagendaforchangefocus
    oncontinuousimprovement.Totalqualitymanagementmaybeoneofthefactorsguaranteeingthesurvivalofthefittestinthefuture.Fr
    theevaluationofcare,anongoingsystemofqualitycontrolwasnecessaryineachhospital
    LastupdatedonMarch29,2012

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