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Table of content
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Table of content
1 Device Management
1.1 Technical Device and Connection Data
1.1.1 Register Group
1.1.1.1 Sample Register Relationship
1.1.2 Input/Output Group
1.1.3 Command Group
1.1.3.1 Creating Command Groups
1.1.4 Winding Group
1.1.5 Device category
1.1.5.1 Device Category Creation
1.1.5.2 Creating Device Categories in IS-U
1.1.6 Device
1.1.6.1 Device Creation
1.1.6.1.1 Inspection Relevance
1.1.6.2 Creating Devices in Plant Maintenance
1.1.6.3 Creating Devices in Inventory Management
1.2 Device Installation
1.2.1 Device Information Record
1.2.2 Device Grouping
1.2.3 Installing, Removing or Replacing Devices
1.2.4 Device Installation
1.2.4.1 Device Installation
1.2.5 Device Removal
1.2.5.1 Device Removal
1.2.6 Device Replacement
1.2.6.1 Device Replacement
1.2.6.2 Replacement of Device Group with Another Device Gr
1.2.6.3 Replacement of Device Group with Smaller Device Gr
1.2.6.4 Replacement of Device Group with Larger Device Gro
1.2.6.5 Repl. of Dev. Group with Dev. Grp with Special Tec
1.2.6.6 Replacement of Devices in a Device Group
1.2.6.7 Replacement of Device Group with Complex Device
1.2.6.8 Replacement of Complex Device with Device Group
1.2.7 Reversal of Technical Installations, Removals and Replacements
1.2.7.1 Reversing Device Installations
1.2.7.2 Reversing Device Removals
1.2.7.3 Reversing Device Replacements
1.2.8 Device Modification
1.2.8.1 Device Modification
1.2.8.1.1 Entry of Meter Reading Results During Modification
1.2.8.1.2 Allocation of Different Device Category via MM-IM
1.2.8.1.3 Allocation of Different Device Category via PM
1.2.9 Installation Structure
1.2.9.1 Device Allocation
1.2.9.1.1 Creating Device Allocations
1.2.9.2 Rate data
1.2.9.3 Register Relationship
1.2.9.4 Period consumption
1.2.9.5 Logical Register Number
1.2.9.5.1 Changing Logical Register Numbers
1.3 Meter Reading
1.3.1 Weighting Procedure
1.3.2 Extrapolation
1.3.2.1 Extrapolation for Consumption Registers
1.3.2.2 Extrapolation for Demand Registers
1.3.2.3 Extrapolation for Resetting Registers
1.3.2.4 Extrapolation with Billing Factor
1.3.2.5 Proration of Meter Readings
1.3.2.6 Extrapolation of Demand from Billing
1.3.3 Meter Reading Organization
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1 Device Management
Purpose
This component manages technical data, installations, meter readings, and the inspection of devices.
Integration
The following table lists the standard R/3 application components that must be integrated into device management before you can manage devices. The device,
device category, and device number in the Utilities Industry (IS-U) component correspond to equipment, material, and the serial number in the standard system:
Names in IS-U and the standard system
Name in IS-U
From component
Device
Plant Maintenance
Equipment
(PM)
Device category
Material
(LO-MD)
Device number
Serial number
(LO-MD)
The device number is created in MM with the function Goods Receipt . At the utility company, the device is labeled with this number.
The device number can also be generated when you create a device in IS-U. The device is identified by a unique material and serial number combination to
distinguish it from other pieces of material that may have the same serial number. The equipment number is the same throughout the whole system.
Component
Procurement
Purchase Requisition
and Purchase Order from (MM-PUR)
Delivery
Goods Receipt
from Inventory Management (MM-IM)
Goods Issue
and Return Delivery from MM-IM
Stock transfer
Goods Issue
and Return Delivery from MM-IM
Equipment records are created automatically at goods receipt . Therefore, functions of the PM application component are used, including standard ordering
functions and creation of maintenance plans or task lists. Billing is then carried out with the Sales and Distribution (SD) application component.
For more information, see:
PM:
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Equipment
LO-MD:
Material Master
Serial Number Management
MM-PUR:
Purchase Requisitions
Purchase Orders
MM-IM:
Planning Goods Receipts
Goods Receipts for Purchase Orders
Goods Receipts for Orders
Other Goods Receipts
Goods Issues
Transfer Postings and Stock Transfers
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A connection may be the input and output of a transformer, for example. This type of connection should not be confused with the connection of a
connection object to the supply line.
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Features
You can manage registers of different division categories in one register group. You can allocate a main division category to the register group. At least one register
of the register group must be in the main division category.
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Features
You have the following options when using this function:
You can create several sample register relationships for each register group. You can use any sample register relationships possible within a register
group.
When you install devices you can adopt the sample register relationships of the register group and create them as functional register relationships.
If you change an existing sample register relationship, there is no effect on installed devices.
Processing and checks are the same as those for normal
Register Relationships.
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For example, the command group for street lights might consist of the commands switch-on , decrease demand , and switch-off .
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Implementation considerations
This component is optional. It is only required if you use transformers.
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Integration
The device category corresponds to the material in the Logistics Basic Data (LO-MD) application component.
For more information, see LO-MD:
Material Master
Serial Number Management
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The device category was created in IS-U. In addition, a material master was created in the background.
If you want to use all of the MM functions available, you must extend the material master you created in IS-U in MM.
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1.1.6 Device
Purpose
This component manages the devices of a utility company.
Devices can:
Meter
Control (such as audiofrequency ripple control receivers)
Process data (such as correctors)
Protect or adjust (such as pressure regulators)
Integration
A device corresponds to a piece of equipment in the Plant Maintenance (PM) application component. It is uniquely identified in the system by:
The equipment number in PM
The combination of serial number and material number in the Logistics Basic Data (LO-MD) application component
The serial number is identical to the device number in the Utilities Industry
(IS-U) application component and is labeled on the device.
The material number is identical to the device category number in IS-U.
For more information, see:
Technical Objects (PM-EQM):
Equipment
Logistics Basic Data (LO-MD):
Material Master
Serial Number Management
Purchasing (MM-PUR):
Purchase Requisitions
Purchase Orders
Inventory Management (MM-IM):
Planning Goods Receipts
Goods Receipts for Purchase Orders
Goods Receipts for Orders
Other Goods Receipts
Goods Issues
Transfer Postings and Stock Transfers
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Integration
This function uses many functions from the Plant Maintenance (PM) application component.
Prerequisites
You have created the appropriate device category for the device.
Features
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Prerequisites
You have established settings for inspection relevance in Customizing. To do this, go to Utilities Industry Device Management Inspection Sampling
Procedure Define Inspection Relevance of Devices .
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To create several devices at once in the Plant Maintenance application component, choose Utilities Device management Technology Device List
editing Create .
1. Choose Utilities industry
Device management Technology Device Create.
You branch to the initial screen for creating material serial numbers.
Enter the material number, and if necessary the serial number and the equipment category used for IS-U devices. Chose Continue .
The Enter IS-U data dialog box appears.
Enter the required data. Choose Transfer .
You branch to the screen Create material serial number: IS-U data.
Enter the required data.
Save your data.
Result
The device has been created as a piece of equipment in the Plant Maintenance application component.
The material stock of the Inventory Management (MM-IM) application component was not updated.
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The type of goods receipt you choose depends on your processing steps up until now. For example, if you have created an order for the devices to be
created, choose Goods receipt For order . Alternatively, you can choose Goods receipt Other.
3. Enter the required data. Chose Continue .
You branch to the screen for entering new goods receipt items.
4. Enter the material, the quantity and if necessary other data. Chose Continue .
The Maintain serial numbers dialog box appears.
a. Choose Create serial number automatically or enter the number manually. Choose Previous screen .
You branch to the Enter IS-U data dialog box.
b. Enter the required data. Choose Copy .
You branch to the screen where you can perform collective processing for goods receipt entry.
From the Enter IS-U data dialog box your branch to the classification system, which enables you to classify devices according to your own criteria.
Choose Classification .
5. Save your data.
You can now enter further devices as above.
Result
The device has been created as a piece of equipment in the Plant Maintenance application component. The material stock of the Inventory Management (MMIM) application component was not updated.
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Integration
You can use the IDoc ISU_DEVICE_CHANGE to transfer data from external systems to the work process. You can enter one meter reading result per action. It is
currently not possible to process multiple meter readings.
If a meter reading is implausible, IDoc processing is not canceled. You can correct the reading. For more information, see Correction of Implausible Meter
Reading Results.
To transfer meter reading results to workflow for further processing, use the role ISU_MREADER for the agent.
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see
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Use
When carrying out billing functions, the complete IS-U Device Management (IS-U-DM) does not have to be used. Instead, you can create a device information
record that only manages device data required for billing, for example, rate data, device allocations, register relationships and maintenance of logical registers.
Integration
There is no longer a connection to Plant Maintenance (PM) . Communication with other systems, such as importing consumption data, takes place via the point of
delivery.
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Implementation considerations
This component is optional. You should create a device group if, for example,
Current and voltage transformers are placed into transformer groups, resulting in a certain transformation ratio.
Two water meters are installed together as one integrated water meter.
Features
You can:
Maintain and display the history of the device group
When you do this, you can change the current time slice. You can decide whether the device group is to be prorated to the change date, that is, whether
you wish to start a new time slice. You can display change documents and creation data.
Inspect the device group
The system checks the device group for general and special restrictions. For more information, see the online help for the following fields:
Device group
Group type
Group category
Terminate the device group.
When you terminate a device group, all devices are removed from the group. The device group is empty and can be used for new devices.
Delete the device group.
When you delete a device group, it is deleted from the system entirely.
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a) Choose Enter .
The rest of devices of the group are display in the worklist.
b) Choose Enter.
2. Process the work list.
3. Enter the required data for each device on the screen for either installation, removal, or replacement.
4. Save your data.
Installing, removing or replacing several devices
Do not enter a device, device category or division.
Enter the devices in the worklist or set the Rem. (removal) indicator.
Process the work list.
Enter the required data for each device on the screen for either installation, removal, or replacement.
Save your data.
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Features
Installation includes the following functions:
Allocation of devices (e.g. transformer to meter)
Entry of periodic consumption
Entry of meter readings recorded at the time of installation
Creation of register relationships
Adopting
Sample Register Relationships
You can define a default measured pressure for technical installation. To do this, you have to establish settings in Customizing under Device
Management
Installation Basic Settings Define System Parameters for Installation/Removal/Replacement and Contract Billing Special Functions
Gas Billing Volume Correction Factor Measured Pressures Define Measured Pressures.
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Prerequisites
When you enter the device installation, the device must not have been modified or changed in the system after the actual installation date. The entry in the
system must correspond to the actual history of the processes.
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You enter the installation on 10/12. The installation took place on 10/08. A device modification or a change to the device data may not have been
entered after 10/08.
You must perform a technical installation before you can perform a billing-related installation.
In the case of technical installations, the same prerequisites apply as for the installation of a piece of equipment (
Device) in a functional location (
For more information see the following in the Technical Objects (PM-EQM) application component:
Functional locations
Equipment
Equipment at Functional Locations
Process flow
Device installation includes the following phases:
1. An installation order for a device or a device group is created in the Service Management (PM-SMA) application component. This may result from a
company requirement (such as a switching change) or an external requirement (new connection),
2. The installation order is executed and returned.
3. The removal of the device is entered in IS-U.
Here the device always undergoes a technical installation and if it is to be billed, it undergoes a billing-related installation.
For more information, see
Installing, Removing, and Replacing Devices
Note the following:
1. If the device belongs to a device group, the entire device group must be installed in the case of technical installations and full installations.
2. In the case of technical and full installations you have to change the register group configuration.
Those registers are proposed for which the PR (Propose register during installation/replacement) field has been selected.
You can change the register configuration in Customizing under Change Register Configuration . You can the select any register in the register
group.
Result
Technical installation
The device is installed in the device location. This corresponds to the installation of a piece of equipment in a functional location.
This enables you to use all PM functions for installed equipment.
The system stores technical data for the register.
Device relationships may have been created and a device location is created.
Billing-related installation
The device is allocated to an installation for billing.
The system creates billing-related data for the device and registers of the installation.
The device can be billed.
Full installation
The device is installed in the device location with respect to technical data
The device is allocated to an installation for billing.
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Features
You must enter the meter reading recorded upon removal if a reading was not entered already for that date.
A device may lose lot membership or certification regardless of the activity reason. For more information, go to Customizing and choose Device Management
Installation Basic Settings
Define System Parameters for Installation/Removal/Replacement .
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Prerequisites
When you enter the removal, the device must not have been modified or changed in the system after the actual removal date. The entry in the system must
correspond to the actual history of the processes.
You enter the removal on 10/12. The actual removal took place on 10/08. A device modification or a change to the device data may not have been
entered after 10/08.
Before a technical installation can be performed,
The device must not have already undergone billing-related installation on the removal date
The device must not control any other device
No register of the device may be part of a register relationship that is automatically terminated
In the case of technical removals, the same prerequisites apply as for the removal of a piece of equipment (
Device) from a functional location (
For more information see the following in the Technical Objects (PM-EQM) application component:
Functional Locations
Equipment
Equipment at Functional Locations
Process flow
Device removal includes the following phases:
1. A removal order is created for a device or a device group in the Service Management (PM-SMA) application component. This results from a company
requirement (such as the dismantling of an object) or an external requirement (new connection).
2. The removal order is executed and confirmed.
3. The removal of the device is entered in IS-U.
For more information, see
Installing, Removing, and Replacing Devices
If the device belongs to a device group, the entire device group must be removed in the case of technical and full removals.
If the last meter is removed from a device in an installation with a valid contract, the system issues either a warning or an error, depending on how you
define system parameters for installation/removal/replacement.
Result
Technical removal
The device is removed from the device location. This corresponds to the removal of a piece of equipment from a functional location.
The system prorates the technical data of the registers.
Billing-related removal
The system terminates billing-related allocation of the device to the installation.
The system prorates the billing-related device and register data of the installation
Full removal
The device is removed from device location with respect to technical data
The system terminates all billing-related allocations of devices to installations.
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Device Replacement
Purpose
This component allows you to enter the replacement of a device by another device with the same function from the same or similar device category. A device is
replaced instead of being both removed and installed if the following data is to be transferred to the new device:
Rate data
Register relationships
Device relationships
Register-related periodic consumption
Disconnected status
You can reverse a technical installation. For more information, see Reversal of Technical Installations, Removals and Replacements
Implementation Considerations
This component is optional because you can also replace a device with the Installation and Removal (ISU-DM-DI-IN or OU) components. However, if you use
these components, all links and register relationship are deleted. Therefore, it is often much easier to replace a device. For example, a replacement is necessary
if an installed device is damaged or if it is to be certified with the Device Inspection (ISU-DMIS) component.
Integration
You can transfer data to external systems using IDoc ISU_RPL_ORDER.
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see
Features
In the case of a replacement, you can enter meter readings recorded at the time of installation or removal.
A device may lose lot membership or certification regardless of the activity reason. For more information, go to Customizing and choose Device Management
Installation Basic Settings Define System Parameters for Installation/Removal/Replacement .
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You can replace devices that have different measuring types. However, you may have to change the measuring types in the device allocation data.
Prerequisites
When you enter the replacement, the device must not have been modified or changed in the system after the actual replacement date. The entry in the
system must correspond to the actual history of the processes.
You enter the installation on 10/12. The installation took place on 10/08. A device modification or a change to the device data may not have been
entered after 10/08.
The same prerequisites apply to the device to be removed as to the removal of a piece of equipment (
Device) from a functional location (
Device location) in the Plant Maintenance (PM) application component.
The same prerequisites apply to the device to be installed as to the installation of a piece of equipment (device) in a functional location (device location) in
the Plant Maintenance application component.
For more information see the following in the Technical Objects (PM-EQM) application component:
Functional Locations
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Equipment
Equipment at Functional Locations
Process flow
Device replacement includes the following phases:
1. A replacement order is created for a device or a device group in the Service Management (PM-SMA) application component. This may result from a
company requirement (such as a switching change) or an external requirement (such as a change in use of the object).
2. The replacement order is executed and confirmed.
3. The replacement of the device or of all devices in a device group is entered in IS-U.
For more information, see
Installing, Removing, and Replacing Devices
There are different replacement scenarios for device groups, such as Replacement of a device group with another device group .
Note that replacement orders can only be created for single devices. This means that if the device belongs to a device group, the other devices are not
transferred to the order automatically as additional items.
The system automatically checks and prorates the attributes (such as measured pressure, billing factor, or command) of existing device allocations. A
message is displayed if the system cannot check attributes automatically. You can go directly to the device allocation and check attributes manually.
To do this, choose Goto
Device allocations.
Result
The new device adopts all relationships of the old device. If device categories of the devices do not match, it is possible that individual relationships were
prorated.
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1.2.6.5 Repl. of Dev. Group with Dev. Grp with Special Tech.
Inst.
Purpose
You can use this process to install devices with different tasks in a meter board, for example.
Process flow
Device group A is replaced with device group B. The devices to be installed, 1b and 3b, take on the same tasks as the 1a and 3a, the devices to be removed.
Device 2a is only removed because the device to be installed, 2b, has another task.
Devices 1a and 1b are active current meters, devices 3a and 3b are watt meters. The device to be removed (2a) is an ARCR, but the device to be
installed (2b) is a demand meter.
Replacement of device group with device group with special technical installation
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Prerequisites
The device must not have been installed for billing, that is, it must not be allocated to an installation.
Features
Full installation, removal or replacement
This function does not make changes to the data of the following objects:
Register relationships and reference values
Statistics records
Device allocations for controlling devices
Blocked devices
Device groups
The reversal does not take into account any device transfers you have carried out.
Reverse Installation
When you perform an
installation reversal, the following is changed:
Technical installation in the Utilities Industry (IS-U) and Plant Maintenance and Service Management (PM) components are canceled. A removal is
carried out in PM at the time of installation.
The allocations of controlled devices (such as those controlled by ripple control receivers) are terminated.
The device location that you created during installation is not deleted.
Reverse Removal
A
removal reversal results in the termination of a technical removal in the Utilities Industry (IS-U) and Plant Maintenance (PM) components. An installation is
carried out in PM at the time of removal.
Reverse Replacement
A
reversal replacement results in the termination of a device replacement in the Utilities Industry (IS-U) application component In the Plant Maintenance and
Service Management (PM) component, the old device is automatically re-installed and the current device is removed.
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Prerequisites
You have executed a device installation that you want to cancel.
Procedure
1.
Remove the device (billing-related removal) from all utility installations for each installation date.
You can find the installation dates under Utilities Industry
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Device Management Device Installation Installation Structure Rate Data or Utilities Industry Device Management Technology Device.
Terminate any device allocations or relationships you have created.
Reverse the installation.
The device has now been
technically removed.
If necessary, perform a stock transfer for the device removed.
To do this, choose Utilities Industry
Device Management Technology Device Device Transfer via Serial Numbers or Device General Inventory Management Goods
Movement Transfer Posting .
Result
The device installation has been fully reversed. The device now has the status Removed again.
Example
Initial Situation
Device D1 is technically installed at device location DL1 on the 01.01.2000.
A billing related device installation of device D1 is performed at installation 1 (Inst.1) on the first of February 2000.
A billing related device installation of the device D1 is performed at installation 2 (Inst.2) on the tenth of February 2000.
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Prerequisites
You have carried out a device removal that you want to reverse.
You must reverse any stock transfers you have carried out. The device must be available. To do this, choose Utilities Industry
Device Management Technology Device Device Transfer via Serial Numbers or Device General Inventory Management Goods
Movement Transfer Posting .
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Procedure
Perform the removal reversal.
The device has now been
technically installed.
Create any device allocations or relationships you may have terminated.
Install the device (
billing-related installation) in all installations on the removal date.
You can determine the removal date in the following way:
Go to the Utilities Industry menu and choose Device Management > Installation > Installation Structure > Rate Dates
or
Go to the Utilities Industry menu and choose Device Management > Technology > Device in the Removal Date field.
Result
The device removal has been fully reversed (technically and billing-related. The device is installed.
Example
Initial Situation
Device D1 was fully removed on the 10 February 2000; this means both technically removed from device location DL1 and billing-related from installations 1 and
2.
2. Perform a billing-related device installation of device D1 in the installation 1 (Inst.1) for February 10, 2000.
3. Perform a billing-related device installation of device D1 in the installation 2 (Inst.2) February 10, 2000.
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Use
This procedure enables you to reverse device replacements.
Prerequisites
You have carried out a device replacement that you want to reverse.
You must reverse any stock transfers you have carried out. The device must be available. To do this, choose Utilities Industry Device Management
Technology Device Device Transfer via Serial Numbers or Device General Inventory Management Goods Movement Transfer
Posting .
Procedure
1. Perform a billing-related removal for the installed (replaced) device from all installations on the device replacement date or each installation date.
You can determine the installation date via the Utilities Industry menu under: Device Installation Installation Installation Structure Rate Data or
Utilities Industry Device Management Technology Device .
2. Terminate any device allocations or relationships you have created for the newly installed device.
3. Perform the replacement reversal.
The new device is technically removed and the old device is technically installed.
4. Establish any device allocations or register relationships you require for the re-installed device
5. Execute a billing-related installation for the re-installed device in all installations on the device replacement date or on each removal date.
6. Perform a stock transfer for the device removed.
7. Perform a stock transfer for the device removed.
Result
The replacement has been fully reversed. The device now has the status Installed again.
Example
Initial Situation
Device D1 is technically installed in the device location DL1 on the January 01, 2000.
A billing related device installation of device D1 is performed in installation 1 on February 01, 2000.
A billing related device installation of device D1 is performed at installation 2 on February 10, 2000.
Replace device D1 with device D2 on March 01, 2000.
This replacement corresponds to a billing-related installation of device D2 on the 01 of March 2000 in device location DL1 and the installations Inst.1 and
Inst.2.
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4. Perform a billing-related device installation of device D1 in installation 1 for March 01, 2000.
5. Perform a billing-related device installation of device D1 for March 01, 2000 in installation 2.
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Prerequisites
Note the following:
The contract for the installation of the device must not have been billed before the modification date.
When you enter the modification, the device must not have been modified or changed in the system after the actual modification date. The entry in the
system must correspond to the actual history of the processes.
You enter the modification on 10/12. The installation took place on 10/08. A device modification or a change to the device data may not have been
entered after 10/08.
Special prerequisites for modification
Activity
Prerequisites
Activities
If you have changed technical register data, you must enter meter reading results for the corresponding registers.
To allocate another device category (material) to the device, go to one of the following application components, depending on where the device is managed:
Inventory Management
(MM-IM)
Plant Maintenance
(PM)
If you modify an installed device in the current time slice, you can change the devices register allocation during the modification.
If parameters such as the measured pressure or the billing factor were changed for a device in a device allocation, the device allocations are adjusted as
necessary.
A message is displayed if the automatic adjustment is not possible. You can go directly to the device allocation and check and adjust the attribute
manually. To do this, choose Goto
Device allocations.
If data of registers in register relationships has changed, you can branch to register relationship maintenance and adjust the data.
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Prerequisites
The device you wish to modify is not maintained in the Inventory Management (MM-IM) application component.
Procedure
Choose Logistics
Plant maintenance Technical Objects
Choose Serial numbers Change and enter the serial number. Chose Continue .
Choose Serial data and then Edit
Change material no.
The Change material serial number dialog box appears.
Enter the new material. Chose Continue .
You may be notified of the system status of the device (piece of equipment).
Save your data.
Result
A different device category (material) has been allocated to the device.
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Register relationships describe the relationships between registers. The registers can belong to different contracts. The following relationships are taken
into account when creating a meter reading order:
Allocation of active registers to reactive registers for calculating the cosine phi
Serial switching of several registers (primary/secondary meter relationships)
Linking of registers to different usage types (on-peak/off-peak check)
Control relationships
Special relationships for allocating thermal gas factors
Logical registers
describe the allocation of a certain task to a register and are most important in device replacement. The register of the old device must have the same logical
register number as the register of the new device because
billing data is copied to the new register
the billing component must recognize which register is to take over the role of the old device (especially in the case of demand values)
Billing data
Rate data
is dependent on the installation and therefore can only be maintained if the device is allocated to an installation. You can maintain rate data such as:
The relevance of a register to billing
The rate type of a register
The price class
Period consumption
The period consumption is used to determine the expected meter reading of a register for a certain date if meter reading results
Are not yet available, such as in the case of initial data creation
Cannot be used, for example if there is a change of tenant
Are to be ignored, for example if the customer has a complaint regarding budget billing
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Use
This function enables you to allocate devices to one another and store additional attributes.
A distinction is made between controlled devices, such as meters, and controlling devices, such as a transformer switched in series.
Integration
You usually define device allocations on the initial screen for device installation.
The device allocation is terminated if one of the devices undergoes a technical removal.
Prerequisites
The devices to be allocated to one another must have undergone a technical installation and have certain characteristics depending on the allocation type. Only
water or gas meters or pressure regulators may be part of a pressure regulator allocation. Only meters that measure indirectly can be in a transformer allocation.
Features
Device allocation is historical.
Time slices in periods that have already been billed can no longer be changed. These time slices can only be displayed. However, you can divide one time slice
into two slices and maintain them.
Activities
When you maintain billing-relevant device allocations, you must enter meter readings for the devices. In the case of sub-annual changes, you must enter meter
readings manually.
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Procedure
Choose Device installation
Installation structure Device allocations Maintain
You branch to the initial screen.
Choose a device location, installation or controlled device.
You can only choose an installation here if the controlled device has been allocated to an installation. You can choose whether the data is to be restricted to
the key date or whether the time slice valid for the key date is to be displayed.
An allocation already exists for the device in the unlimited time slice starting on January 1, 1998.
If you execute this function for the key date March 1, 1998 and choose the Prorate indicator, you branch to the new, unlimited contract starting on March 1,
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1998. The existing time slice is divided into two time slices, one ending on February 28 and one starting on March 1. You can make changes during the
period of the second time slice.
If you execute the function for the key date March 1 without prorating the time slice, you branch to the maintenance screen for the time slice valid on the key
date. In the example, the time slice valid on the key date is the original unlimited time slice starting on January 1.
You can also choose Time slices to display a list of time slices, select a time slice from the list or restrict a time slice.
The controlled devices are displayed on the maintenance screen. All of the devices selected are displayed along with the corresponding device
relationships.
To make it easier for you to enter new relationships, an empty line is provided for each device and register.
Each device relationship at the register level is also displayed for purposes of information at the device level. If the RV indicator is set, the allocation is
valid for all registers of the device.
3. Enter the controlled device, the allocation type, the controlling device and the attribute for allocation. Choose Enter .
The text for the allocation type and the attribute description are displayed. You can also define allocations for controlled devices at the device level. The
allocations at the register level are then automatically generated and displayed. SAP recommends this procedure for devices with many registers. If necessary,
you can correct individual allocations after they are generated.
4. Once you have entered all allocations, save your data.
5. In the case of sub-annual changes, you must enter meter reading date for controlled metering devices. Choose Meter reading
Entry of meter reading results Single entry. You branch to the initial screen.
Enter a meter reading result for the device on the date of the change.
Save your data.
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Integration
When a device undergoes a billing-related installation, it is allocated to an installation along with its rate data.
When the device undergoes a billing-related removal, its rate data is no longer stored historically.
Prerequisites
The device has undergone a billing-related installation.
Features
Rate data is maintained historically.
Time slices in periods that have already been billed can no longer be changed. These time slices can only be displayed. However, you can divide one time slice
into two slices and maintain them.
Multiple-installation data is displayed on one line with the installation-specific data. If you change multiple-installation data, this affects all installations to which the
register is allocated.
If you must maintain the rate data of a register in several installations at once, then you can only enter multiple-installation data in the first line of the register. In the
subsequent lines for the register that apply to other installations, the multiple-installation data is only displayed.
Activities
In the case of large changes to rate data (such as changes to the indicator for billing relevance or to the consumption portion), meter readings must be entered for
the devices. In the case of sub-annual changes, you must enter meter readings manually.
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Register Relationship
Use
The function allows you to map the relationship between two or more registers.
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You find the transactions for register relationships in the Utilities Industry menu under Device Management Installation Installation Structure Register
Relationships .
Prerequisites
The device must first undergo a technical installation.
Activities
The meter reading results of the registers in question must be determined.
Make sure when you enter the device location or installation that there is at least one other device in the register relationship installed in the device
location or installation.
Customizing Restrictions
You can find the Customizing settings for register relationships under SAP Utilities Tools System Modifications User-Defined Function Enhancement
for Register Relationships .
All devices effected by the register relationship must belong to a division for which the register relationship category is permissible.
See Define Permissible Register Relationships per Division Category in Customizing.
Only operation codes that have been defined as permissible for this register relationship category can be used The number of operation codes must be within
the range set in Customizing
See Define Operation Code per Register Relationship in Customizing.
If the UM field (units of measurement must match) is selected in Customizing, all registers in the register relationship must have the same unit of
measurement.
See Define Types of Register Relationships in Customizing.
If the SA field (installations must match) is selected in Customizing, all registers in the register relationship must have been installed (billing-relevant) in the
same installation.
See Define Types of Register Relationships in Customizing.
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Register
Rate Type
Rate
D1
RA
''
RT10
G2
RA
RT10
Register
Rate Type
Rate
G2
RB
''
RT50
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Device
Register
Operations Code
D1
3 (Primary register)
G2
4 (Secondary register)
When you bill installation A, the consumption from device D2 is subtracted from the consumption of device D1 in rate RT10. The consumption of device D2 is
not evaluated.
Example 2:
In example 1, device D2 was allocated rate RT10 in installation A, and rate RT50 in installation B. This is only permitted if both rates have the same
weighting procedure, billing unit of measurement, and minimum portion. This is not the case for example 2.
Device D1 is allocated to installation A. Installation A is a commercial enterprise. Device D1 is to be billed using rate RT80. RT80 has linear
weighting (weigh) and billing unit of measurement (UM) MWh.
Device D2 is allocated to installation B. Installation B is a normal household. Device D2 is to be billed using rate RT50. RT80 has weighting of
energy feeding and the billing unit of measurement kWh.
Both devices must be switched after each other, with D1 as the primary meter and D2 as the secondary meter.
You can no longer allocate the same rate types to the devices D1 and D2 in installation A. Instead, you must enter a rate type for device D2 that
determines a rate compatible with the RT50 rate.
Rate data from installation A:
Device
Register
Rate Type
Billing Unit of
Measurement
Weighting Procedure
D1
RA
''
RT80
MWh
Linear
G2
RC
RT30
kWh
Weighting of energy
feeding
Rate Type
Billing Unit of
Weighting Procedure
Register
Measurement
G2
RB
''
RT50
kWh
Weighting of energy
feeding
Result
When you enter meter reading results for D2, the plausibility checks are always executed with the billing unit of measurement kWH and weighting of
energy feeding. The plausibility check and extrapolation of meter reading results from D2 are dependent on whether they refer to installation A or B.
The indicator N (register not billing-relevant) does not effect the entry of meter reading results.
When installation A is billed, both devices D1 and D2 are allocated to the rate RT80. The meter reading differences in consumption for both devices
are converted into MWh. The MWh consumption of the secondary meter is subtracted from the MWh consumption of the primary meter. Rate RT30
is not used for billing installation A because the field N (register not billing-relevant) is selected.
If there has been a price change in the billing period, both registers undergo linear proration. This not completely correct but cannot be avoided. If
different weighting occurs, secondary meter consumption in a prorated time slice may be calculated higher than primary meter consumption. This
can occur even when the total primary meter consumption is larger than the total secondary meter consumption. As a result of this, we recommend
that you avoid using different weighting whenever possible.
Register Discount
You can also offer discount on registers that are serially switched. Note the order in which the serial switching and register discount are processed in billing:
Firstly, non-discount secondary register consumptions are subtracted from non-discount primary register consumption (=deduction consumption).
If a register discount is entered for the primary register, the deduction consumption is also discounted.
A register discount on the secondary register does not effect the primary register consumption to be billed.
If, for example, meter reading results from a secondary meter have to be changed due to transformation losses, you cannot use register discounts. If this is the
case, you must enter a suitable register factor for the secondary meter. The register factor is included in billing before the deduction consumption is calculated.
Restrictions in a Primary Rate Secondary Rate Relationship
Primary and secondary registers must have the same register category.The system does differentiate between cumulative and balancing registers.
The entry in the BW field must be the same for the primary and secondary rate register.
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The entry in the BW field must be the same for the primary and secondary rate register.
Restrictions in Control Relationship 04
Register and control register must have the same register category.The system does differentiate between cumulative and balancing registers.
The entry in the BW field must be the same for the register and control register.
Restrictions in Volume Correction Factor Relationship 05
Both registers must have the same register category. The system does differentiate between cumulative and balancing registers.
The register that transfers the volume correction factor can only occur in one register relationship of the categories volume correction factor relationship and
volume correction factor calculation.
The register that inherits the volume correction factor can occur again in a register relationship as an operating volume register.
Restrictions in Volume Correction Factor Calculation 06
Both registers must have the same register category. The system does differentiate between cumulative and balancing registers.
The standard volume register can only occur in one register relationship of the categories volume correction factor relationship and volume correction
factor calculation.
The operating volume register can occur again in a register relationship as a volume correction factor inheriting register.
Restrictions in Resetting Relationship 07
The reset register must be a balancing register.
If a tax group has been entered for the resetting register, it must correspond to the tax group entered for the reset register.
The resetting register and reset register can only be present in one resetting relationship.
Restrictions in Pulse Relationship 08
Both registers must have the same register category. The system does differentiate between cumulative and balancing registers.
The entry in the BW field must be the same for the register and control register.
Restrictions in Usage Hour Relationship 09
Only watt registers and consumption registers can be used.
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Integration
To enter a period unit or period consumption, choose Utilities Industry
Device Management Device Installation Installation Structure Period Consumption Maintain (transaction EL56) in the menu.
You can also find the period consumption in transaction Installation: all data (EG31). To do this, choose Utilities Industry
Device Management Device Installation Installation Full in the menu. It is mandatory to enter the period consumption during device installation as it
represents the basis for extrapolation if no meter reading results are available.
Features
To enter or change the period consumption, enter a contract, an installation or a device as well as a date in transaction Maintain Period Consumption and choose
Continue . On the next screen, a list of all registers will be displayed with their valid period values according to the date you entered. To display a registers
metering pattern from the installation date, position the cursor on the relevant line and choose Maintain History . On this screen, period values and meter reading
results are displayed for the selected register.
When you change the period consumption, you must pay attention to the following points in order to keep settings consistent:
You must enter a period for which the new period consumption is valid. You must ensure that validity periods for the various consumption values do not
overlap and are without gaps from installation time to removal time or from installation time to infinity. The system performs the appropriate consistency
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checks.
You should always enter or change the period consumption on the entry date of meter reading results, for technical installation, for installation relevant to
billing or the time of installation. Entries or changes must be complete by the day after at the very latest.
If you do not do this and you define the period consumption from a date that is more than one day after the last meter reading, the calculation of the
expected consumption for the forecast period is split into two subintervals. This may cause two period consumption values to be created for
extrapolation and can lead to distortion when determining the expected consumption. This can lead to distortion when determining the expected
consumption.
Example:
A period consumption value of 4500 kWh / year was entered on 01.02 This was changed to 2500 kWh / year on 12.15 (within the forecast period).
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
The expected meter reading is determined in the following way:
1. For the period 11.30. to 12.15, when the change was made, the expected meter reading is extrapolated based on the previous period consumption.
Determination of consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
4,500 kWh: 1000 = 4.5 kWh
Extrapolation of consumption for period 11.30. to the date when changes to the period consumption were made on 12.15:
4.5 kWh 50 = 225 kWh
1. For the period from the change date to 12.31, consumption is extrapolated from the new period consumption.
Determination of consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
2,500 kWh: 1000 = 2.5 kWh
Extrapolation of period consumption for the period from the change date on 12.15. to 12.31:
2.5 kWh * 50 = 125 kWh
1. Determination of the expected meter reading on 12.31. by adding the consumption values from the meter reading on 11.30:
1200 kWh + 225 kWh + 125 kWh = 1550 kWh
For the first subinterval, the period consumption valid from 01.02. (4500 kWh / year) is created. For the second subinterval, the period consumption
valid from 15.12. (2500 kWh / year) is created. As the old period consumption no longer truly reflects the consumption patterns of the customer, the
extrapolation results are also distorted.
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Prerequisites
The devices have undergone a technical installation.
For purposes of billing, you must allocate old registers to new registers when you carry out a replacement, removal, or installation.
Procedure
Choose Device installation
Installation structure Logical register number Change
You branch to the initial screen.
Choose a device location or an installation.
You can choose whether the data is to be restricted to the key date or whether the time slice valid for the key date is to be displayed.
You can also choose Time slices to display a list of time slices, select a time slice from the list or restrict a time slice.
The number of registers installed in the device location on the key date is displayed on the right side of the maintenance screen. The number of registers installed
in the device location on the day before the key date is displayed on the left side of the screen.
Allocate a register on the left to a register on the right by entering a dummy logical register from the left side for the corresponding register on the right side.
Repeat this action for several time slices, if necessary.
Save your data.
In the case of sub-annual changes, you must enter meter reading date for controlled metering devices.
Choose Meter reading
Entry of meter reading results Single entry. You branch to the initial screen.
Enter a meter reading result for the device on the date of the change.
Save your data.
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First, the meter reading order is created and printed as a meter reading document or downloaded to an external entry system. The meter reading results are either
entered manually or uploaded. They are then validated and corrected, if necessary. The results are then forwarded to the Contract Billing (ISU-BI) component.
Integration
The following Business Application Programming Interfaces (BAPI) are available in the Business Object Repository (BOR) for selecting meter reading orders and
results:
MeterReadingDocument.GetList (select meter reading orders and results)
MeterReadingDocument.Upload (upload meter reading results)
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see the
BAPI User Guide and
BAPI Programming
For more information, see the BAPI documentation in the BOR.
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You must also enter the following in the Utilities Industry menu:
Minimum portion in percent
Enter the minimum portion in percent, in the rate. The rate is under the following path in the Utilities Industry menu: Billing Master Data
The minimum portion in percent is used to determine the minimum requirements for the representativeness of the base period.
If you enter a low minimum portion in percent, the meter reading results are used from a short period for extrapolation.
If you enter 100% as the minimum portion, the system uses the existing meter reading results as a basis for extrapolation, as long as meter reading
results are available for a complete billing period.
Period length of the portion
Enter the period length in the portion. The portion is under the following path in the Utilities Industry menu: Scheduling Schedule Master
Record.
The period length of the portion defines the intervals for billing the associated contracts.
Linear weighting
The linear weighting procedure does not take seasonal fluctuations into account. For linear weighting, the weighting units are distributed equally over the year,
whereby the system takes one weighting unit into account for each day. The total of the weighting values is 365 for one year or 366 for a leap year.
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User-defined weighting
In addition to the weighting procedures defined by SAP, you can define your own weighting procedures.
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The minimum requirements to determine whether the base period is representative are determined as follows:
Minimum portion in percent (50% ) * Length of meter reading period (365 days)
= Minimum length of base period (182.5 days)
In the example, the previous period must be at least 182.5 days in order to be representative.
or
Weighting portion of period = Minimum portion
In the example, the base period must include at least 50% of all weights.
The period from P to Y is not representative because it does not have the minimum weighting portion (only 20% rather than the required 50%). This means that
this period alone cannot be used as a basis for extrapolation. The system goes back to the next meter reading (I). The period from P to I is representative because
it has a weighting portion of 20% + 60% = 80%. The period from P to I can be used as a basis for extrapolation.
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1.3.2 Extrapolation
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In order to determine the expected consumption or the expected performance for a register on a specific date, you need data on the metering patterns of the
register.
You can take this information from previous meter reading results, from a predefined periodic consumption value or from a predefined period demand.
The base period from which the expected values are calculated is very important during extrapolation. The period in which bases are created to determine
expected values during extrapolation are included in the base period. Using the base period category field in the installation, you can control whether to
extrapolate the expected values based on the previous period or the period of the previous year.
Meter reading results are the ideal base from which to determine expected values, as these results best reflect the consumption patterns of the customer. In order
to use meter reading results, you must ensure that the base period (the interval between the first and the last meter reading result) used for extrapolation is
representative.
You can only extrapolate from a previous period, if it is representative. Whether a period is representative or not is a result of the original weighting procedure.
In the example, the base period must have a minimum weighting portion of 50% or be at least 182.5 days long in order to be representative.
The period from P to Y is not representative because it does not have the minimum weighting portion (only 20% rather than the required 50%). This means that
this period alone cannot be used as a basis for extrapolation. The system goes back to the previous reading (I). The period from P to I is representative because it
has a weighting portion of 20% + 60% = 80%. The period from P to I can be used as a basis for extrapolation.
The system determines whether to use meter reading results or a selected period value as a basis for extrapolation in the following way:
Based on the last correct meter reading results, the system goes back to the previous reading and runs through the following process:
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If you enter a modified periodic consumption in transaction Maintain Periodic Consumption (EL 56) for a point in time that lies within the base period for the next
extrapolation, the system will inform you that the entered periodic consumption can influence the extrapolation results.
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On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 40%, period Y to I is representative. This means that extrapolation is based on meter reading results rather than on period consumption.
1. Determination of meter reading difference Y to I:
800 kWh 0 kWh = 800 kWh
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2. Determination of consumption to Yby multiplying the meter reading difference with the register factor:
800 kWh * 2 = 1600 kWh
3. Determination of consumption per weighting unit:
1,600 kWh: 400 = 4 kWh
4. Extrapolation of consumption for period Y to P
4 kWh * 600 = 2,400 kWh
5. Determination of the meter reading difference for period Y to Pby dividing the consumption value by the register factor:
2,400 kWh: 10 = 240 kWh
6. Determination of the expected meter reading to Pby adding the meter reading difference to meter reading Y:
800 kWh + 240 kWh = 1040 kWh
Example 2: Forecasts from Previous Periods without Minimum Portions with Period Consumption
On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 20%, period Y to I is not representative. Therefore, extrapolation is based on period consumption rather than on meter reading results:
1. Determination of period consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
4000 kWh: 1000 = 4 kWh
2. Extrapolation of period consumption for period Y to P:
4 kWh * 800 = 3,200 kWh
3. Determination of the meter reading difference for period Y to Pby dividing the consumption value by the register factor:
3,200 kWh: 10 = 320 kWh
4. Determination of the expected meter reading to Pby adding the meter reading difference to meter reading Y:
800 kWh + 320 kWh = 1120 kWh
The expected meter reading at time P is 1,120 kWh.
Example 3: Forecasts from Previous Periods and Changes to Period Consumption Values in the Base Period
On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register. This value is changed to 5000kWh / year for the period I to
C.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 10%, period Y to C is not representative. The system goes back to the next meter reading result (I). With 40%, the period Y to I is
representative, however, the period consumption value was changed within this period. Therefore, extrapolation is based on period consumption rather than on
meter reading results:
1. Determination of period consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
5,000 kWh: 1000 = 5 kWh
2. Extrapolation of period consumption for period Y to P:
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Example 4: Forecasts from Previous Periods and Changes to Period Consumption Values not in the Base Period
On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register. This value is changed to 5000kWh / year for the period I to
Z.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 10%, period Y to C is not representative. The system goes back to the previous meter reading result (Z). With 30%, the period Y to Z is
representative and the period consumption value was not changed within this period. Therefore, extrapolation is based on meter reading results rather than on
period consumption:
1. Determination of meter reading difference Y to Z:
(800 kWh 720 kWh) + (720 kWh 500 kWh) = 300 kWh
2. Determination of consumption to Yby multiplying the meter reading difference with the register factor:
300 kWh * 2 = 600 kWh
3. Determination of consumption per weighting unit:
600 kWh: 300 = 2 kWh
4. Extrapolation of consumption for period Y to P
2 kWh * 600 = 1200 kWh
5. Determination of the meter reading difference for period Y to Pby dividing the consumption value by the register factor:
1,200 kWh: 10 = 120 kWh
6. Determination of the expected meter reading to Pby adding the meter reading difference to meter reading Y:
800 kWh + 120 kWh = 920 kWh
The expected meter reading at time P is 920 kWh.
Example 5: Forecasts from Previous Periods and Changes to Period Consumption Values in the Forecast Period
On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register. This value is changed to 5000 kWh / year after the last
meter reading result entry in period Y to P.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 40%, period Y to I is representative. One period consumption change was made in the forecast period Y to P. The expected meter
reading is determined in the following way:
1. For the period from Y until the change date, extrapolation is based on meter reading results:
1. Determination of meter reading difference Y to I:
800 kWh - 0 kWh = 800 kWh
2. Determination of consumption to Yby multiplying the meter reading difference with the register factor:
800 kWh * 2 = 1600 kWh
3. Determination of consumption per weighting unit:
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If you include periods of the previous year as the base period category in the installation, the expected meter reading values are extrapolated based on the
corresponding period of the previous year.
Based on a forecast date, the system goes back one year and looks for a representative period as a basis for extrapolation.
Note the following exceptions:
Extrapolation for the expected meter readings is based on the previous period rather than the period of the previous year if:
No representative period is determined due to a lack of meter reading results.
A change has been made to the period consumption value since the day of the last meter reading
Changes to the period consumption are only relevant for periods that follow directly after. If you change the period consumption value after the last meter reading
results are taken, the changes only influence forecast periods that come immediately afterwards.
If, however, you want the period consumption to influence the four following forecast periods, you have to enter a period consumption value in every quarter or, on
the day of a meter reading result entry, change the period consumption value for the next quarter.
Example 6: Forecasts from the Period of the Previous year and Changes to Period Consumption Values in the Base Period
On 1.1.96 a period consumption value of 1000 kWh / year was entered for the register. On.5.1.96 for the period T1 to T2 .this value was changed to 1200 kWh /
year.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 30%, period T2 to T1 from the previous year is representative. A change to the period consumption was made within this period. This
change does not, however, influence extrapolation for time T5, because a period consumption change only influences forecast periods that follow directly after.
The expected meter reading is determined in the following way:
1. Determination of meter reading difference T2 to T1 :
1200 kWh - 1000 kWh = 200 kWh
=> Consumption to T2 = 200 kWh
2. Determination of consumption per weighting unit:
200 kWh: 300 = 2/3 kWh
3. Extrapolation of consumption for period T4 to T5:
2/3 kWh * 300 = 200 kWh
=> Meter reading difference for period T4 to T5 = 200 kWh
4. Determination of the expected meter reading to T5 by adding the meter reading difference to the meter reading from T4:
2000 kWh + 200 kWh = 2200 kWh
The expected meter reading at time T5 is 2200 kWh.
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Example 7: Forecasts from Periods of the Previous Year and Changes to Period Consumption in the Previous Year but not in the Base Period
On 1.1.96 a period consumption value of 1000 kWh / year was entered for the register. On 11.1.96 for the period T2 and T3.this value was changed to 1200 kWh /
year.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 30%, period T2 to T1 from the previous year is representative. No changes were made to the period consumption within this period. The
changes that were made to the period consumption between T2 and T3 do not influence extrapolation for time T5 because change to the period consumption only
influences forecast periods that follow directly after.
The expected meter reading is determined as in example 6.
Example 8: Forecasts from the Period of the Previous year and Changes to Period Consumption Values in the Forecast Period
On 1.1.96 a period consumption value of 1000 kWh / year was entered for the register. On 4.1.97, for the period T4 and T5, this value was changed to 1200 kWh /
year directly after the last periodic meter reading result entry
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
Because a change to the period consumption influences the forecast periods that follow directly, in this case, extrapolation is based on the period consumption
value rather than the meter reading results of the previous year.
The expected meter reading is determined in the following way:
1. Determination of period consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
1,200 kWh: 1000 = 1.2 kWh
2. Extrapolation of consumption for period T4 to T5:
1.2 kWh * 300 = 360 kWh
3. Determination of the expected meter reading to T5 by adding the consumption to the meter reading from T4:
2,000 kWh + 360 kWh = 2360 kWh
The expected meter reading at time T5 is 2,360 kWh.
The change to the period consumption on 4.1.97 no longer has an influence on the determination of the expected consumption for T6 on 09.30.97 as this is not the
forecast period that follows directly. Extrapolation is based on the period of the previous year.
If you want to extrapolate the expected consumption on the basis of period consumption, you have to enter the period consumption value for the next quarter on the
day of the last periodic meter reading result entry (T5 = 97.6.30).
Example 9: Forecasts from period of previous year but period of previous year does not yet exist
If you enter period of previous year in the installation of the base period category but no period of previous year exists (because there has only been a
contractual relationship with the customer for half a year for example), extrapolation will occur based on the previous period.
Example 10: Forecast from Period of Previous Year where Period of Previous Year is not Representative
If you include period of previous year in the installation of the base period category, but the period of previous year is not representative, extrapolation occurs
based on the previous period.
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Example 11: Forecast from Period of Previous Year and Changes in Period Consumption during Customer Change
During installation it is clear that the consumption pattern of the new customer is different from that of the previous customer (because there are more people in the
household, for example). Therefore, a new period consumption value is entered during installation.
The base period category period of previous year is entered in the installation.
Because a change to the period consumption influences the forecast periods that follow directly, in this case, extrapolation is based on the period consumption
value rather than the meter reading results of the previous year.
The expected meter reading is determined in the following way:
1. Determination of period consumption per weighting unit by dividing the period consumption by the weight of validity period.
3,000 kWh: 1000 = 3 kWh
2. Extrapolation of consumption for period I to T4:
3 kWh * 300 = 900 kWh
3. Determination of the expected meter reading to T4 by adding the consumption to the meter reading from I:
2,000 kWh + 900 kWh = 2,900 kWh
The expected meter reading at time T4 is 2900 kWh.
The period consumption value entered at the time of meter reading I, no longer influences the determination of future expected consumption values.
They are extrapolated from the relevant periods of the previous year. Extrapolation based on the period of the previous year would not be correct in this case,
because of the knowledge we have about the consumption patterns of the new customer.
For this reason, extrapolation is based on a previous period or a period consumption value for one year after installation, even if the base period category period of
previous year is entered in the installation.
After the device has been installed for a year, extrapolation is based on the period of the previous year.
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1. Determination of the highest meter reading from previous reading Y 2 over a representative interval (Y 2 to I):
180 kW
2. Determined demand = expected demand:
180 kW
When you calculate expected meter reading values from existing meter readings, you must take the minimum portions into account. In the previous example, we
assume that period Y 2 to I is representative.
Demand registers always refer to the linear weighting procedure in their rate.
If demand needs to be extrapolated for billing, the expected meter reading values are determined differently. For more information, see
Extrapolation of Demand from Billing.
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On installation of the device, a period demand value of 200 kWh/year is entered for the register.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 40%, period Y 2 to I is representative. This means that extrapolation is based on meter reading results rather than on the period
demand.
1. Determination of the highest meter reading from previous reading Y 2 over a representative interval (Y 2 to I):
180 kW
2. Determined demand = expected demand:
180 kW
The expected meter reading at time P is 180 kWh.
Example 2: Forecasts from previous periods without minimum portions with period demand
On installation of the device, a period demand value of 200 kWh/year is entered for the register.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 20%, period Y to I is not representative. Therefore, extrapolation is based on the period demand rather than on the meter reading
results:
The expected meter reading result is 200 kW.
Example 3: Forecasts from previous periods and changes to period demand in the base period
On installation of the device, a period demand value of 200 kWh/year is entered for the register. This value is changed to 220 kWh / year for the period I to C.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 10%, period Y to C is not representative. The system goes back to the next meter reading result (I). With 40%, the period Y to I is
representative, however, the period demand was changed within this period. Therefore, extrapolation is based on the period demand rather than on the meter
reading results:
The expected meter reading result is 220 kW.
Example 4: Forecasts from previous periods and changes to period demand not in the base period
As no changes were made to the period demand within the base period, extrapolation is based on meter reading results rather than on period demand.
Example 5: Forecasts from previous periods and changes to period demand in the forecast period
The period demand can still be changed after the last meter reading result entry during the forecast period. This results in the following:
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On installation of the device, a period demand value of 200 kWh/year is entered for the register. This value is changed to 220 kWh / year after the last meter
reading result entry in period Y to P.
The minimum portion of weighting in percent is 30%.
The sum of the weighting units for one year is 1000.
With a weighting portion of 40%, period Y to I is representative. One period consumption change was made in the forecast period Y to P. The expected meter
reading is determined based on the period demand and equals 220 kW.
Consumption Registers
The system only looks for meter reading results in the previous year with the same
allocation month as the expected meter readings
The system goes back one year from the forecast date and looks for a representative
period
If no corresponding period of the previous year is available, extrapolation is based on the previous period.
The expected meter reading for P(5) is determined based on the demand with the same allocation month from the period of the previous year (P(5) = 120 kW)
The expected meter reading result is 120 kW.
Example 6: Forecasts from the period of the previous year and changes to period demand in the base period
Period demand was changed in the period P(5) to P(4). This change does not, however, influence extrapolation for time P(5) (5.1.97), because a change in period
demand only influences the forecast period that follows directly after.
The expected meter reading for P(5) is determined based on the demand with the same allocation month from the period of the previous year (P(5) = 120 kW)
The expected meter reading result is 120 kW.
Example 7: Forecasts from period of the previous year and changes to period demand in the previous year but not in the base period
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On 1.1.96 a period demand value of 100 kWh / year was entered for the register. On 11.1.96 for the period P(5) and P(12) this value was changed to 150 kWh /
year.
No changes were made to the period demand in the period P(5) to P(4). The changes that were made to the period demand between P(5) and P(12) do not
influence extrapolation for time P(5) (97.5.1), because changes to the period demand only influence the forecast period that follows directly after.
The expected meter reading is determined as in example 6.
Example 8: Forecasts from the period of previous year and changes to period demand in the forecast period
On 1.1.96 a period demand value of 100 kWh / year was entered for the register. On P(4) (4.1.96), this was changed to 120 kW / year.
In contrast to consumption registers, and in the case of demand registers, meter reading results have priority over changes to period demand in the current
forecast period.
Therefore, if the system finds a meter reading result with the same allocation month in the period of the previous year, this result is used for extrapolation instead of
the period demand.
The expected meter reading for P(5) is determined based on the demand with the same allocation month from the period of the previous year (P(5) = 120 kW)
The expected meter reading result is 120 kW.
Example 9: Forecasts from period of previous year but period of previous year does not yet exist
If you enter period of previous year in the installation of the base period category but no period of previous year exists (because there has only been a
contractual relationship with the customer for half a year for example), extrapolation is based on the previous period, as in the case of consumption registers.
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On installation of the device, a period consumption value of 4000 kWh/year is entered for the register.
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!--a11y-->
Example:
A rate is changed during a billing period. Consumption in the first half of the billing period is calculated using the old rate whereas consumption in the second half
is calculated with the new. In order to do this, the meter reading at the time of the rate change must be determined.
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Prerequisites
The base period does not have to be representative (as it does for extrapolation for meter reading).
Features
The extrapolation of demand values from billing consists of the following steps:
1. Determination of the extrapolation period
2. Determination of actual meter reading results with a meter reading period that overlaps with the extrapolation period
Transfer of meter reading results to the extrapolation period
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5. Determination of gaps in the extrapolation period, that are neither covered by actual meter reading results nor by period consumption values
Transfer of meter reading results from the base period to the gaps in the extrapolation period
Example
Six-monthly meter reading and billing of the average from the peak values of each half year
For the budget billing calculation of the year 2000, both demand values from 1999 are used with their allocations to the 2 half years. This is the only way to
ensure that the same average value is calculated for 2000 as for 1999 (5+3/2).
Quarterly billing with three multiple meter reading orders; Each demand value is cleared separately for the relevant month
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If the base period is the same as the previous period, the relevant demand values from the three previous months are used and transferred to the extrapolation
period.
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Implementation considerations
This component is optional. You require it if you wish to optimize the meter readers route.
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Features
You can maintain the street route for a single meter reading unit or you can create a shared street route for several meter reading units. Before you can use a
shared street route, you must allocate the meter reading units in the relevant schedule records to one another.
The following enhancements can be used for the street route:
EDMLSORT (IS-U: Sort Meter Reading Orders for Printout and Download)
This enhancement allows you to define your own sort sequence for printing or downloading meter reading orders.
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Procedure
Choose Utilities industry
Device management Meter reading Meter Reading Organization Street route.
Enter a meter reading unit and choose Street route Maintain .
If you want to specify a shared street route for several meter reading units, enter the main meter reading unit.
The Maintain street route dialog box appears. On this screen, all devices are under the top node Devices not allocated to a street route .
3. Allocate all devices from the top node to the bottom node Devices allocated to the street route .
4. To change the route or to allocate devices to a route:
1. Select either an object, a node or a block.
2. Position your cursor on the item selected.
3. Choose Edit
Reassign.
Save the street route.
Result
The street route is used to either:
Sort devices on printouts when you print meter reading orders for the meter reader.
Sort devices in the file created when you download meter reading orders.
You can define your own meter reading route with enhancement EDMLSORT.
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Prerequisites
Define parameter groups
To define parameter groups, go to Utilities Industry Device Management Meter Reading Meter Reading Organization Define Parameter Groups .
For more information, see the field help.
Change the
meter reading unit and allocate it to a parameter group.
For more information, see the documentation in the system.
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Purpose
This component allows you to create a meter reading order for each register. The order contains register-specific data and information about the planned meter
reading, such as the meter reader and the scheduled meter reading date. Meter reading orders can be created for:
Meter readers from the utility company
External meter reading companies
Meter reading by the customer
Integration
Types of meter readings and their scheduled dates are defined in the Portioning and Scheduling (IS-U-BFPS) component. You can override the scheduled meter
reading type and select another type of meter reading. For example, instead of selecting the meter reading type Meter reading by the customer you can create
an order for a meter reader. In addition, you can specify dates for aperiodic meter readings manually.
Business Object Repository
The Business Object Repository (BOR) contains the following Business Application Programming Interface (BAPI) for selecting meter reading orders and results:
MeterReadingDocument.GetList (selection of meter reading orders or results)
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see the
BAPI User Guide and
BAPI Programming
For more information, see the BAPI documentation in the BOR.
Features
You can reverse meter reading orders. If meter reading results exist at the time of the reversal, you can either delete them or retain them for use in another meter
reading order.
During meter reading order creation, you control the sequence of meter readings of different meter reading categories. You have the following options:
You can enter a fixed schedule in the schedule master record for the meter reading unit. To do this, you select the Use MR cat. from sched. rec. field
during order creation (individual or mass order creation). The system then creates meter reading orders for meter readings in the category you have entered.
You want to read meters every month. To reduce the number of meter readers, you allow for two estimations and one subsequent reading by a meter
reader. You enter meter reading dates with the corresponding scheduled meter reading category in the meter reading unit. The sequence of the dates
is retained even if the customer moves out, for example.
You can define meter reading control settings in Customizing under Device Management -> Meter Reading -> Basic Settings . During mass order creation,
you enter a scheduled meter reading category. The system checks whether meter reading control settings permit this meter reading category for the
installation and then creates meter reading orders for the installations accordingly.
You want to allow each installation to be read by the customer twice and then once by the meter reader. You define meter reading control settings
accordingly in Customizing and enter them in the installation. You perform mass order creation twice for each meter reading, the first time with
customer reading as the scheduled meter reading category, and the second time with meter reading by the utility as the scheduled category.
Meter reading date
09/30
10/30
11/30
Installation 1
MR by customer
MR by customer
MR by utility
Installation 2
MR by customer
MR by utility (move-in/out)
MR by customer
One order each is created for 09/30 and 10/30 during the first order creation run for installation 1. Meter reading control settings no longer allow this for
11/30, however. A meter reading order is not created for the installation until the second order creation run, in which case the scheduled meter reading
category is meter reading by the utility.
The utility company reads meters on 10/30 for installation 2 because the customer has moved out. A meter reading order for reading by the customer is
created for 11/30 during the first order creation run, as permitted by meter reading control settings.
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You can also create a service order or notification for aperiodic orders.
Integration
You can transfer data to external systems using IDoc ISU_RPL_ORDER.
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see
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Integration
You can create individual orders for device installation, removal or replacement, during move-in processing or for individual entry of meter reading results. If you
create an individual order to enter a single meter reading result, this does not necessarily mean that meter reading documents are created automatically. You can
also use the entry function to create individual orders. In this case, the system creates the data structures for entry and validation internally.
Prerequisites
Single order creation may be based on either schedule records, which are generated in scheduling (order creation for periodic meter reading), or on the dates for
meter reading and billing that you have entered (depending on the meter reading reason). Billing takes place according the meter reading reason.
Features
You can create meter reading orders at the following levels:
Meter reading unit
Contract
Installation
Device
Each level is permitted for certain meter reading reasons only. You can display the corresponding meter reading reasons for each level via possible entries.
Each order creation process is linked to certain dates. You can enter any date, except in the case of periodic meter readings. If the meter reading reason is
relevant to billing, enter both a scheduled meter reading date and a scheduled meter reading date so that a billing order can be created. If you create meter
reading orders for a periodic meter reading, the system uses the dates from scheduling. The scheduled meter reading category is always meter reading by the
company.
You can enter one allocation date (on a daily basis) for meter reading and billing respectively. The allocation date of the meter reading is transferred to the meter
reading result.
The following three indicators allow you to control single order creation externally:
Use MR cat. from sched. rec.
If you select this field, the meter reading category in scheduling has priority. This allows you to create orders for meter reading by the customer if the
schedule record contains the appropriate meter reading category. For more information, see
Meter Reading Control.
Meter reading interval check
If you select this field, the system checks wither a meter reading order or result exists within the meter reading interval. If so, the system suppresses the
meter reading order with the meter reading reason with lowest priority.
You can speed up order creation by not selecting this field. In this case, the order is always created, even if you have defined meter reading reason
priorities for interval checks.
Ignore contracts
If you select this field, the contracts for which orders have already been created are not checked for completeness the next time you carry out billing-related
order creation. This improves performance when you repeat order creation.
Suppress service orders
If you select this field, the system prevents creation of service orders that are normally created automatically as per customizing settings.
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Use
This function allows you to create meter reading orders for more multiple meter reading units and dates.
Prerequisites
Schedule records must already exist when you create mass orders. Schedule records are created in the scheduling component.
Features
You can only create meter reading orders for one or more meter reading units. There must also be at least one schedule record with an order date within the period
entered during mass order creation.
You can control mass order creation using the following fields:
Scheduled meter reading categ.
If you enter a scheduled meter reading category and do not select the Use MR cat. from sched. rec field, the system creates meter reading orders for the
scheduled meter reading category entered here. This allows you to create multiple orders for meter reading by the customer and subsequently for meter
reading by the utility company. In this case the scheduled meter reading category from the schedule record is ignored.
Use MRC from scheduling (Use scheduled meter reading category from scheduling)
If you select this field, the system creates orders with the meter reading category in the scheduling component. In the meter reading unit, you can define a
schema with schedule records of certain meter reading categories. If you select this field during order creation, the system creates orders with the
appropriate meter reading category. This allows you to control the sequence of meter readings with different categories at the level of the meter reading unit
or order creation.
The system ignores settings for meter reading type control and uses the meter reading category from scheduling.
If you enter meter reading category 03 (automatic estimation), all meter reading orders are estimated immediately during order creation.
Meter reading interval check
If you select this field, the system checks wither a meter reading order or result exists within the meter reading interval. If so, the system suppresses the
meter reading order with the meter reading reason with the lowest priority.
You can speed up order creation by not selecting this field. The order is then always created, even if you have defined meter reading reason priorities for
interval checks.
Ignore contracts
If you select this field, the contracts for which orders have already been created are not checked for completeness the next time you carry out billing-related
order creation. This improves performance when you repeat order creation.
Activities
You can schedule mass order creation in background jobs for better performance. You enter the selection criteria and save them as a variant. You can then
supply this variant with start parameters and schedule it to run in a background job.
!--a11y-->
You want to read meters every month. To reduce the number of meter readers, you allow for two estimations and one subsequent reading by a meter
reader. You enter meter reading dates for each month with the corresponding schedule meter reading categories in the meter reading unit. The
sequence of the dates is retained even if the customer moves out, for example.
You can define meter reading control settings in Customizing under Device Management -> Meter Reading -> Basic Settings . During mass order creation,
you enter a scheduled meter reading category. The system checks whether meter reading control settings permit this meter reading category for the
installation and then creates meter reading orders for the installations accordingly.
You want to allow each installation to be read by the customer twice and then once by the meter reader. You define meter reading control settings
accordingly in Customizing and enter them in the installation. You perform mass order creation twice for each meter reading, the first time with
customer reading as the scheduled meter reading category, and the second time with meter reading by the utility as the scheduled category.
Meter reading date
30.09.
30.10.
30.11.
Installation 1
MR by customer
MR by customer
MR by utility
Installation 2
MR by customer
MR by utility (move-in/out)
MR by customer
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One order each is created for 09/30 and 10/30 during the first order creation run for installation 1. Meter reading control settings no longer allow this for
11/30, however. A meter reading order is not created for the installation until the second order creation run.
The utility company reads meters on 10/30 for installation 2 because the customer has moved out. A meter reading order is created for 11/30 during the
first order creation run as permitted by meter reading control settings.
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1.3.5.3 Reversal
Use
This function allows you to reverse all objects generated via meter reading order creation, including:
Meter reading orders
Meter reading results (optional)
Billing orders
Reversal might be necessary if, for example, you determine the scheduling data was incorrect after you created periodic meter reading orders for a meter reading
unit. A reversal may also be necessary if you enter an incorrect device when creating a control meter reading order.
Features
On the initial screen you can choose whether the meter reading results:
Are to be deleted
This means that new meter reading orders are created for all devices when meter reading orders are created again.
Are not to be deleted
This means that when meter reading order creation is carried out again, new meter reading orders are only created for devices that were not read. Meter
reading results are processed for devices that were read.
To reverse orders and results that have already been billed, go to Billing Billing Execution Reversal. You can only reverse and delete meter reading results
entered for a device installation, removal or replacement here.
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Integration
You use the
Print Workbench application component to create application forms.
You maintain application forms in the schedule record of the meter reading unit in the Portioning and Scheduling (IS-U-BF-PS) component. You can specify an
alternative form during order output.
If you want order output to start automatically via batch jobs, you schedule the jobs by maintaining the relevant intervals in the schedule record of the meter
reading unit.
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Purpose
This component manages meter readings. Meter readings can be recorded in the following ways:
Meter reading by the utility company
A meter reader from the utility company or an external meter reading company records the result on the meter reading order or enters it in the external entry
system.
Meter reading by customer
The customer records the readings and provides them to the utility company.
Automatic estimation
The meter reading result is estimated automatically.
Interpolation
The meter reading is derived from a result already entered in the entry interval. In this way you can avoid having to read a meter that has recently been
read.
The system stores the both the meter reading results and the way in which they were entered or determined.
Integration
For more information on uploading meter reading results, see
Upload.
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Integration
Meter reading results are uploaded via an IDOC interface (CA-EDI) and imported via direct input.
Features
Results can be entered via:
Upload
A large number of meter readings are transferred from an external entry system to your system and entered there.
Fast entry
A large number of periodic readings are entered. Fast entry is divided into:
Fast entry without immediate correction
Implausible readings must be corrected and released later.
Fast entry with correction
You can branch directly to a correction screen if results are implausible.
Single Entry
Meter reading results are entered from control readings, interim readings, or final readings from a move-out.
Every meter reading result is validated. Results can undergo either independent or dependent validations. You define validations in Customizing under SAP
Utilities
Device Managemen t Meter Reading Validations . Meter reading results are validated upon entry.
If a meter reading result passes validation, it becomes plausible and can be billed. If the result does not pass the validation, it is implausible and must be
corrected. If the meter reading result has to be checked on location, a correction or control order is created with updated data.
It is also possible to correct plausible results.
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For more information, see the documentation to the above enhancements in the system.
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Fixed Validations
Previous result implausible
The system validates meter reading based on previous meter reading results. The system first checks whether the meter reading result of the previous
reading is plausible. If so, the current result cannot be given plausible status. The result from previous reading must be corrected to provide a basis for
further validations.
Fixed value deviation validation
When an inactive or blocked installation is reconnected or when a device is installed after being certified, the system checks whether any consumption
recorded exceeds a maximum limit. You define this limit in Customizing under Device Management
Meter Reading Validations Independent Validations Parameters for FVD Validation for Devices not Allocated to Installations .
Resetting register validation
In the case of resetting registers, the system checks whether the number of times the register was reset matches the number of meter readings.
Variable Validations
Zero consumption validation
The system checks whether no consumption was registered and whether this occurred during the zero consumption interval.
Permitted number of customer meter readings or estimations
The system checks whether the permitted number of successive meter readings has been exceeded.
Absolute, relative, and floating tolerance limits
The system uses the expected consumption from the previous period to check whether the current consumption is within tolerance limits. You enter the
base period category and the comparison period in the installation. You define the number of comparison periods in Customizing under Device
Management
Meter Reading Validations Independent Validations Define Validation Parameters for Validation Classes.
Usage hours in relation previous period or fixed value
Usage hours are obtained by dividing the period consumption by the installed demand. You define the value in Customizing under Device Management
Meter Reading Validations Independent Validations Define Validation Parameters for Validation Classes.
Current usage hours are checked against the usage hours of the previous period. The usage hours must also not exceed a fixed value obtained by
multiplying the number of days since the last meter reading by 24 hours.
Maximum/minimum contract demand
The system checks whether the demand falls below or exceeds a certain value. You define this value in Customizing under Device Management
Meter Reading Validations Independent Validations Define Validation Parameters for Validation Classes.
Meter overflow
The system checks whether the current reading is lower than the last reading.
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1.3.5.1.3 Upload
Use
You can upload meter reading results from external systems (such as MDE devices) using a BAPI or IDoc of type ISU_MR_UPLOAD01 (upload meter reading
results). The BAPI method is called MeterReadingDocument.Upload. Corresponding structure BAPIEABLU contains the following fields:
MATERIAL (material number)
Material/device category
SERIALNO (device serial number)
REGISTER (register number)
MRREASON (meter reading reason)
MRIDNUMBER (internal meter reading document number)
The meter reading number identifies a meter reading order. A meter reading order is created for each register to be read. The meter reading document number
must be downloaded and uploaded from the external system.
READINGRESULT (meter reading)
The data record is transferred to the system if either a meter reading result or note was provided.
METERREADINGNOTE (meter reading note)
The data record to be uploaded is transferred if either a meter reading or note was provided. The meter reading note can be assigned to a control function in
IS-U. The control function defines follow-up actions.
ACTUALCUSTOMERMRTYPE (meter reading type)
Describes how the meter reading result was recorded by a meter reader or by the customer, for example.
METERREADER (meter reader number)
The meter reader number is used to identify the meter reader. It is used as a default value and can be stored in the schedule record of the meter reading. You
can use the Meter reader number field to indicate that the actual meter reader is different from the default meter reader.
MRDATEFORBILLING (meter reading date)
Billing occurs on this date, which is also the end of the billing period. The end of the billing period is determined.
MRTIMEFORBILLING (meter reading time)
ACTUALMRDATE (actual meter reading date)
ACTUALMRTIME (actual meter reading time)
MRDATEOFMAXIMUM (date of maximum reading)
MRTIMEOFMAXIMUM (Time of maximum reading)
SMORDER (service order number)
ACTIVE (active indicator)
There are two upload scenarios:
1. Meter reading orders were already created and downloaded in IS-U.
Meter readings are assigned to IS-U orders via the document number when they are uploaded. In this case you do not have to maintain the following fields:
Material number
Device serial number
Register number
Meter reading reason
2. There are no meter reading orders in IS-U/CCS
In this case you have to specify the serial number and the register number to identify the device for which readings are to be entered in IS-U/CCS.
If the serial number is not unique, you also have to provide the material number and device category. You also have to supply the meter reading reason, a
meter reading date and a meter reading.
Further information on IDocs:
For general information, see
Features
The enhancements EDMMRRES are available for upload. You use this enhancement to manipulate meter readings after results have been uploaded and before
the readings are validated.
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Prerequisites
Before you can use this function you must create a meter reading order. Once the meter reading order has been created, meter reading documents are printed
and distributed to meter readers. The data to be entered, such as meter readings, notes, or the meter reading date, is usually copied from the meter reading
documents.
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Features
There are two types of fast entry:
Fast entry without correction
When meter reading results are entered, the meter reading is validated (if there is zero consumption, for example). If the meter reading result fails the
validation, it is reset and must be processed in a further step (by the agent, for example). It is not possible to release the meter reading during fast entry
without correction.
Fast entry with correction
If the meter reading fails the validation, it can be released during fast entry with correction.
Activities
Initial Screen
All meter readings that are allocated to a single meter reading unit and that have the same target meter reading date can be entered together. Data to be entered,
such as the meter reading unit, target meter reading date, and meter reading reason can be copied from the meter reading documents. If no target meter reading
date is entered, a list appears containing target meter reading dates for which meter reading orders exist.
Entry Screen
An empty table appears on the entry screen. There is a unique entry number for each meter reading. This number is used to identify and display the
corresponding meter reading order for the readings.
You can specify the following meter reading data for fast entry:
Entry number (only for fast entry)
Meter reading
Meter reading date
Note from meter reader
Actual meter reading type
Meter reader
Time of day of meter reading
Actual meter reading date
Actual time of day of meter reading
Date of maximum meter reading
Time of day of maximum meter reading
Relevance to billing/extrapolation
If the meter reading fails the validation, you can choose from the following during fast entry with correction:
Correct errors
You branch to the correction screen. The correction screen contains detailed information such as the expected reading, actual consumption, and expected
consumption. If the meter reading is released, the remaining validations are carried out.
Release without correction
The meter reading becomes plausible. No further validations are carried out.
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Features
You do not have to create a meter reading order before carrying out single entry. However, if a meter reading order already exists, that order is taken into account. If
no meter reading order exists, an order is created using the criteria you have entered. In the case of a meter reading reason that triggers billing, a billing order is
created.
The meter readings entered are validated. If a meter reading fails the validation, it can be immediately released or reset for later processing.
Activities
You can specify the following meter reading data for single entry:
Meter reading
Meter reading date
Note from meter reader
Actual meter reading type
Meter reader
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Prerequisites
The meter reading must not have been billed already. A meter reading that has been billed cannot be changed until the billing has been reversed. This function
can only used to correct plausible meter reading results.
Features
After you change meter reading result, it is validated again.
Activities
Initial Screen
All meter reading results are displayed by device and meter reading date. You use an indicator to select the meter readings to be processed.
Entry Screen
If you have selected several entries, they are processed sequentially. You choose Save or Forward to branch to the next entry. If the entry was saved, it is
removed from the processing sequence.
You can specify the following meter reading data during correction of plausible meter reading results:
Meter reading
Meter reading date
Note from meter reader
Actual meter reading type
Meter reader
Time of day of meter reading
Actual meter reading date
Actual time of day of meter reading
Date of maximum meter reading
Time of day of maximum meter reading
Relevance to billing/extrapolation
Correction
For further information, refer to the function Fast Entry with/without Correction .
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Integration
You can forward implausible meter reading results to an agent's inbox. Clerk determination is carried based on the organizational structure.
Establish customizing settings as required under Utilities Industry Basic Functions Clerk Determination .
Prerequisites
A meter reading is given the status Implausible if you have set validations and chosen the error class Warning .
Features
Meter readings that belong to the same premise can be validated together on one screen. During the validation, the plausible meter readings are also displayed.
If only a single-rate meter has been allocated to a premise, you branch directly to the correction screen.
You can create a list of implausible meter reading results for several portions or meter reading units. To do this, choose Goto
Implausible MR results and enter the portions or meter reading units for which you want to create the list.
Activities
Initial Screen
Once you have entered a selection criterion, the implausible meter readings are displayed according to premise. You select meter readings to be processed from
this list.
Overview Screen
Meter readings are displayed along with the actual consumption and demand and the expected consumption and demand. Implausible meter readings are
highlighted in color. Only these highlighted meter readings can be processed.
The following functions are available:
Release w/o correction
Correct errors
Estimate
Correction Screen
You branch to the correction screen if only a single-rate meter is allocated to the premise or if you choose the correction function. Data is displayed such as meter
reading data, forecast data, and master data that support validation.
The following functions are available:
Release
Any outstanding validations are carried out.
Defer
Meter readings are put aside for later processing.
Estimate
Print correction order
Validation information
Control meter reading order
If the control meter reading is plausible, the implausible meter reading result is replaced by an estimated result. This estimation is based on the control
meter reading.
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1.3.5.2 Estimation
Purpose
This component allows you to estimate meter reading results automatically in the case of missing meter readings or implausible consumption.
Implementation considerations
This component is optional.
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1.3.5.3 Reversal
Use
This function allows you to reverse all objects generated via meter reading order creation, including:
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Features
On the initial screen you can choose whether the meter reading results:
Are to be deleted
This means that new meter reading orders are created for all devices when meter reading orders are created again.
Are not to be deleted
This means that when meter reading order creation is carried out again, new meter reading orders are only created for devices that were not read. Meter
reading results are processed for devices that were read.
To reverse orders and results that have already been billed, go to Billing Billing Execution Reversal. You can only reverse and delete meter reading results
entered for a device installation, removal or replacement here.
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1.3.6 Monitoring
Purpose
This component offers you a variety of information to enable you to monitor meter reading entry and status. For example, you can track the number of meter reading
results entered, implausible meter reading results, or meter reading results to be billed. You can display meter reading results by business partner, meter
reading units, or periods. You have the following options:
Manual Monitoring
Automatic monitoring
Meter reading results from IDoc
You enter a creation date or an IDoc number to obtain a list of IDocs for your search. If you select and IDoc number, you obtain a list of meter reading data
stored in the IDoc. If you select an entry with status Plausible , the meter reading result you selected is displayed. If you select an entry with status
Implausible , you branch to the screen for correction of implausible results.
If you select an entry with status Error , you branch to the screen for individual entry of results
Implementation considerations
This component is optional. However, it can be used to quickly obtain information about current meter reading status.
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Meter reading orders that have been prepared, number entered as implausible and number entered as plausible
Device
You can display meter reading results or meter reading orders.
Activities
In almost all of the monitoring functions lists, you can branch to the details of an object by clicking on the corresponding field or by choosing Edit Select in
the menu bar.
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Implementation Considerations
This component is optional. You require it if you wish to manage device inspections or certifications with the Utilities Industry (IS U) component.
Integration
If you would like to inspect devices that are already installed, they must be removed and replaced first. The following components are used for processing the
work order or notification required for removal and replacement:
Function
Component
Entry of replacement
Replacement (IS-U-DM-DI-CH)
If a device can be inspected without being removed, you must also create an order or notification in PM-CS.
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Purpose
Device inspection can be used for company inspections or official certifications of devices.
Process flow
Device inspection includes the following phases:
1. Sampling procedure
The sampling procedure reduces the number of devices to be inspected or certified. Devices are selected randomly from a large number of similar devices.
2. Device replacement
The devices to be inspected are removed or replaced via the periodic replacement function or via a special replacement order.
3. Inspection or certification
The removed devices are inspected or certified. Inspection is carried out internally. Certifications or official inspection are usually carried out by inspection
authorities.
Once the results of the certification are available, the individual devices are re-certified in the system and can be used again.
4. Renewal of lot certification
If the lot meets the certification requirements, the devices in the lot can be re-certified.
Result
The inspection process is used for inspecting and certifying individual devices. The sampling procedure is used for renewing the certification of many devices
through inspection of a small number of devices.
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Implementation Considerations
This component is optional. You require it if you wish to create sample lots.
Integration
If a lot fails, normally all devices are placed in the periodic replacement list (unless a device has already been removed) and certified individually. To do this, you
need the Periodic Replacement (IS-U-DM-IS-PR) and Certification (ISU-DM-IS-CT) components.
The device does not lose certification if it is certified beyond the certification period of the lot. To override this, go to Customizing and choose
Device Management Inspection Basic Settings Define Parameters for Inspection/Certification . Select the CP (Certification period of
device overrides lot) field.
The scope of the inspections is determined by the Inspection Point Group (IS-U-DM-TD-IG) component of the relevant device category. You can then enter
inspection results using the Inspection Results Management (IS-U-DM-IS-IS) component. Neither component is required for the sampling procedure, however.
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Sampling Procedure
Purpose
The sampling procedure is used to select and subsequently inspect a random number of inspection-relevant sample devices drawn from a larger number of
devices.
Process Flow
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!--a11y-->
Use
You can use an official lot in order to certify several devices via the sampling procedure.
You can use an internal lot in order to carry out company inspections on devices that by law are not subject to certification or inspection.
Structure
Lots may contain the following:
Code defining the lot as an official or an internal lot
Lot status
Compilation date
Date on which lot devices were determined
Lot size
Drawing date
Next due year
Break-up date
Integration
The lot number is entered in the device master record of the lot device. This entry is used to determine the next replacement year of the device, depending on the
status of the lot.
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Integration
This function is a prerequisite for subsequent device inspection functions.
You can use enhancement EDMLOT01 (Compile inspections/selections for lot) for this function. This enhancement allows you to perform addition device
inspections to decide whether devices are to be included in the lot.
Prerequisites
Before you can allocate devices to a lot, you must create the lot.
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Devices can only be removed from an official lot if sample devices have not yet been removed from the lot.
Before you allocate warehouse devices to a lot or to prevent them from being allocated to a lot, you must establish customizing settings accordingly.
Features
You use selection criteria to allocate devices to an existing lot. You can either specify each device separately, or you can use the device category and other
selection criteria to determine multiple devices and allocate them to the lot.
You can also remove single devices or devices of a specific device category from the lot.
Activities
The system changes the lot compilation date in the lot master record to the current date and resets the number of lot devices.
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Procedure
Deleting individual devices
Choose Device Management
Inspection Sampling procedure Compile lot .
You branch to the initial screen of the transaction.
Enter the lot number and choose Lot Delete Single devices .
You branch to the entry screen for deleting devices from the sample lot.
Enter the devices you wish to delete and choose Save .
You return to the initial screen of the transaction.
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Prerequisites
Before the devices of a lot can be determined, devices must be allocated to the lot.
Features
With the appropriate customizing settings you can include warehouse devices when determining lot devices. This is controlled via an indicator on the initial screen
of the transaction.
Activities
The date of the last lot determination is changed to the current date in the lot master record and the number of lot devices is changed to the number of devices
determined.
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Prerequisites
In Customizing for Device Management the number of sample devices and spare sample devices to be drawn must be defined under Device inspection
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Division
Indicator Single sample lot drawing
Type of certification requirement
Type of sample device (sample device or spare sample device)
Lot size
Features
The random number table consists of 50 lines (j) and 50 columns (i), in which the numbers 0 to 9 are arranged randomly. To display the table, select
Environment Display DIN table. The numbers are arranged in pairs so they can be read more easily.
The table is accessed until all required random numbers have been determined. A random number does not produce a sample device or a spare sample device
if:
Initial Access
The first time you access the table is referred to as initial access and is used to determine the first random number. It consists of a starting line j and as many
starting columns i as there are digits in the lot size. You can change this before determination of the first random number.
Initial access is proposed automatically for every drawing and is determined based on the current time. Based on the minute as the starting column and the
second as the starting line, two-digit random numbers are determined from the random number table and used as starting lines or starting columns.
The following special features apply.
If the current time produces a first starting line or starting column that is higher than 50, that number is subtracted from 100 and the difference is used.
If the current time produces a first starting line or starting column of 0, the starting line or column 1 is used.
The two-digit numbers for the starting line or starting column are then found based on the starting line and starting column determined by the current time. The
following conditions apply:
If the first decimal place of a starting number is greater than four, it is ignored and the next random number is determined.
If a number is repeated during generation of the starting columns, it is rejected and a further random number is determined.
If two drawings have the same starting numbers, they will also have the same random numbers. This allows you to repeat a drawing, for example, for devices that
cannot be processed in the short-term (these devices are contained in the log). In this case, the drawing is not saved and the transaction is called again so that
the device can be marked as a sample device when it can be processed again.
First Random Number
The first random number is found where the starting line meets the starting columns. The start access is saved with the drawing date in the master record of the
corresponding lot so that information about the inspection is available at any time.
Further Random Numbers
The next random number is determined from the point where the line j + 1 meets the predetermined starting columns. If the line becomes j = 50 + 1, it is set
back to 1. However, each of the predetermined starting columns is simultaneously increased by 1. If, as a result of this process, a column becomes i = 50 + 1,
then it is set back to 1. Then line 2, line 3, and so on are accessed using the starting columns previously increased by 1.
For a lot with 250 devices, a start access was randomly determined with the starting line j = 2 and the starting columns i = 1, 4, 3.
Excerpt from the DIN random number table:
Column i
Line j
From this table, the first random number determined is 163, the second is 177, the third is 734, etc. This third random number does not produce
a sample device since the number is larger than the lot size.
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Using this algorithm, the random numbers are repeated after the table has been accessed 2500 times. Therefore, after the first 2500 times, the first starting
column is increased by 1, the second by 2, the third by 3, etc. After an additional 2500 times - if the start access has already been increased - the first column is
increased again by 1, the second by 2, and so on. However, the contents of the table are never changed.
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Procedure
To draw sample devices, proceed as follows:
1. Choose Device Management
Inspection Sampling procedure Draw sample devices .
You branch to the initial screen of the transaction.
Enter the number of the lot from which you wish to draw sample devices and choose Enter .
You branch to the next screen for sample device drawing.
Enter the number of sample devices or spare sample devices for the first drawing and, if necessary, select Warehouse dev. (inclusion of warehouse
devices) if your customizing settings permit this. You can also change the start access for the lot determination procedure. You also have the following options:
1. If you select the Samp dev. percentage field when you create the lot, the default number of sample devices is determined on a percentage basis.
However, you must first define percentages in Customizing under Define Determination of Sample Lot Devices .
2. Depending on customizing settings under Define Determination of Sample Lot Devices, you can define a different number of sample devices for
electronic meters than for mechanical meters.
1. To carry out the first drawing, choose Draw sample devices .
To display the results of the drawing, choose Drawing Display Drawing 1 details.
2. If a second drawing is not permitted or you do not wish to carry out a second drawing, you must save the drawing.
You branch to the initial screen for sample device drawing.
Result
The sample devices that have been drawn are indicated as such in the device master record. The devices must be removed, if necessary, and subsequently
inspected or certified.
If you wish to carry out a second drawing, proceed as above and save the results after the first drawing.
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Implementation considerations
This component is optional. You require it if
you wish to certify devices individually
a lot does not pass inspection and the devices must be certified individually
Integration
You need the Certification (IS-U-US-CT) component in order to certify a device that has been replaced.
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Integration
You can create work orders or notifications for the devices once the periodic replacement list has been created. To do this choose, Create Work Orders or
Notifications .
Prerequisites
Only devices that have been installed and certified can be placed on the periodic replacement list. The devices for this installation process must be already
certified.
Features
When you create a periodic replacement list, the list for the current year is always cleaned up first. This means that all devices are removed from the list that have
not yet been removed or for which no orders or notifications have been created yet. Subsequently, all devices with the periodic replacement year in question are
included in the list. If desired, you can create the list only for devices of a specific division category.
When you extend the list for a year, you use additional specifications (see below).
You can combine these two steps if you make additional specifications when you create the list.
You can also specify the following:
Device category with/without replacement year and/or last certification year
Company area (processor ID)
Lot
Within one line, these specifications restrict one another (logical AND). Several lines have the effect of an extension (logical OR).
If you add devices to the list that have an advanced replacement year, you cannot use additional specifications. Adding such devices to the list is only a manual
extension.
Before you create or extend a list, a saved variant must exist. A variant contains all parameters for executing the function.
If devices belong to an official lot and the lot is terminated before the replacement list is created, then the devices of that lot are automatically included in the list.
However, if the lot is terminated after the periodic replacement list is created and the lot devices for this year are to be included in the list, then you must add those
devices after the list has been created.
A statistics or error log is created when a list is created or extended. You can also display these logs after executing Transaction SLG1 (Object: IUEG, SubObject REP_STAT or REP_ERROR).
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This section tells you how to create work orders. You use the same procedure to create notifications.
Depending on the selection criteria you have entered, work order creation may require high system performance. Therefore, if you wish to create
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many orders at once, we recommend that you create them in the background.
Integration
You cannot create orders for periodic replacement devices if you have not already created a periodic replacement list. Also, you cannot create orders for sample
devices or spare sample devices if you have not already carried out the sampling procedure.
Prerequisites
Selection options for devices from the periodic replacement list are either:
Predefined
Or dependent upon customizing settings in device management under Inspection
Periodic Replacement List Define control parameters for periodic replacement list.
Before you can create orders, you must allocate order codes to order profiles in Customizing for work management. To do this, choose Work Management
Processing Define order codes . For devices from the periodic replacement list, use the order code PREP, for sample devices or spare sample devices,
use order code SAMP.
Before you can create notifications, you must allocate notification codes to order profiles in Customizing for work management. To do this, choose Work
Management Processing Define Notification Codes .
Features
When you create replacement orders for devices from the periodic replacement list, you can select devices from the list using a periodic replacement year. You
can limit the selection using the following criteria:
Number of devices to be selected
Planned replacement year of the devices
Device category
Division category
Function class
Construction class
Meter reading unit
Company area
Regional selections (according to country, city, street and house number)
Free selections (in the case of active customer include for periodic replacement)
For regional selections, several lines have the effect of a logical OR, meaning the selection is extended.
When you create replacement orders for devices from sample lots, you can differentiate between sample devices, spare sample devices or first and second
drawing.
Each time you create an order, you can specify the basic start and end date. These dates are transferred to the SM order and used in scheduling.
You can also specify a default value for the maintenance planning plant. This value is used for determining the order profile if the system cannot determine the
maintenance planning plant internally.
If you wish to replace all devices in a device location, you can use Replace all dev. of dev. loc. You can restrict your selection by specifying one or more
divisions. Replacement orders are then created for all devices in the relevant device locations in the divisions specified.
It is also possible to carry out an interval check for all devices determined. During an interval check, the system determines whether a meter reading is
scheduled for a given device after the scheduled order date. Further processing is dependent upon the Display date overlap indicator. If you set this indicator,
you receive a list of all devices for which the meter reading interval check resulted in overlapping dates. The list specifies whether a replacement order is to be
created for the device or whether only an entry in the statistics log is to be made. If you do not set this indicator, a message is written to the statistics log for each
device with overlapping of dates.
If you create orders for devices that can only be certified while installed, then you must define a separate order code for these devices. This order code must be
allocated to the appropriate order profile in Customizing. You then allocate the newly defined order code to the device category of these devices. This means that
the allocated order code is used for all devices of this device category instead of the order code PREP or SAMP. You can also define this allocation at the device
level. In this case, a separate order code is allocated to a single device.
A statistics or error log is created each time work orders are created. You can also display these logs after executing the transaction or via transaction SLG1
(object IUEG, sub-objects WO_STAT or WO_ERROR).
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Prerequisites
You must perform the following IMG activities for print control in maintenance order management:
Define shop papers and corresponding print layout
Maintain default shop papers for printing
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In the first activity, you define a shop paper using a print form and a print report. In the second activity, you allocate the shop paper to each order type. The shop
paper then serves as a default for the order type.
Features
In IS-U, the print form ISU_JOB_TICKET is used. It contains fields for IS-U data in addition to the standard fields for order data. This form contains fields from a
variety of business processes although you do not always require all of the fields at once.
The link between this form and the individual print reports produces the shop papers. For each business process (in this case, each order category), there is one
shop paper. All IS-U print reports are in development class EEWM_PRINT.
The availability of IS-U data is dependent on the data of the individual print report.
Activities
SAP recommends the following procedure for modifying shop papers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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1.4.4.1 Certification
Purpose
This component manages individual certifications of devices. If a device functions in accordance with legally prescribed standards, it is certified for a certain
period of time and can be installed (or reinstalled).
Implementation considerations
This component is optional. You require it if
you wish to certify devices individually
a lot does not pass inspection and the devices must be certified individually
Integration
Devices that you wish to certify are normally entered in the periodic replacement list via the Periodic Replacement (ISU-DMISPR) component. Devices that
have already been removed are not entered in this list, however.
The scope of the inspections is determined by the Inspection Point Group (IS-U-DM-TD-IG) component of the relevant device category. You can then enter
inspection results using the Inspection Results Management (IS-U-DM-IS-IS) component. Neither component is required for the sampling procedure.
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1.4.4.1 Certification
Use
This function enables you to certify devices that have lost their calibration validity. A device might be certified due to a destroyed seal or as part of periodic
replacement or company inspection.
Prerequisites
You can certify devices at any time. There are no prerequisites for certification.
Features
Devices are certified based on the certification year. You can limit a certification to devices of a certain device category. You can specify whether only installed
devices or only removed devices are to be certified.
The following restrictions apply to the certification year:
Devices can usually be certified for the current year (system year) and previous years. You can only certify devices for the following year (system + 1) after
September 30 of the current year.
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Prerequisites
You can certify devices at any time. There are no prerequisites for certification.
Features
Seal extension is carried out based on the certification year and seal date of the device. You can restrict the seal extension to devices of a certain device category.
You can specify whether only installed devices or only removed devices are to be certified.
The following restrictions apply to the certification year:
Seal extension can be carried out for the current year (system year) and previous years. You can only certify devices for the following year (system + 1) after
September 30 of the current year.
Required Presettings
Table T156M
Before you can post a material transfer in the inspection stock, you must enter MA07 2 1 and MA07 2 2 in table T156M. If these entries are missing,
maintain them as described in note 119613.
Table TQ30
Enter inspection type 08ISU_01. Double click on the inspection type and maintain the following values:
Physical-sample type
08
Notification type
F3
Control key
QM01
Transaction
9000
Table TQ34
Double-click on the inspection type to maintain the values for 08ISU_01. These values are then given when you allocate the inspection type to the material
(see Create Material).
Table TQ32
Enter inspection type 08ISU_01 for inspection lot origin 08.
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Table TE131
If inspection type 08ISU_01 is defined for a material, this table must contain the movement types for which PM inspection lots have to be generated for
certification during stock transfer (standard U11).
Create material
If QM inspection lots can be generated for certification of equipment, you must specify the following in the material:
In the basic data 1, Unit must be specified as the base unit of measurement.
Under Quality Management you have to create inspection type 08ISU_01 for the inspection data and set the following detailed information fields:
Post to inspection stock
Inspect characteristics
100% - inspection
Skips permitted
When you enter check type 08ISU_01, ensure to set the Preferred indicator.
Serial number profile
In the serial number profile for IS-U equipment, you must enter serial number usage 02 (optional) for serialization procedure QMSL.
Inspection Plan
Description of the quality inspection process for the materials in a plant.
An inspection plan can consist of several operations. An operation determines which activity to execute at a work center. Operations can consist of several
inspection characteristics. An inspection characteristic describes what needs to be inspected.
In addition, the required production resources and tools can be determined for each operation.
Operation
When processing inspection data, if you want to go directly to the units to be inspected view once you have selected the corresponding operation, you must enter
the value 11 (confirmation of results for units to be inspected) in the Recording View field.
If you want to be able to export lot data to a subsystem, you must specify a work center for every operation. The work center must in turn be allocated to a
subsystem. You maintain subsystems in transaction QSUB.
QIRF_SEND_REQUIRMENTS_GET_DATA
You use this function module to download operation and characteristics data to the subsystem. Ensure that the Record Type field in the I_QUAILS input structure
is empty and that the SUBSYS (Subsystem) field is filled.
QIRF_GET_ORIGINAL_VALUES
You use this function module to upload inspection data recorded in the subsystem to an R/3 system.
For quantitative characteristics, use record type Q51. For qualitative characteristics, use record type Q52.
In order to be able to allocate the inspection data to the corresponding device, you must set the KZSERNR indicator in table T_QAISETAB and you must enter the
serial number in the SERIALNR field.
Process Flow
The cycle of the devices is generally the same:
1. Delivery of the devices
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Transaction QM01.
Enter material, plant, and inspection lot origin.
On the next screen, enter the number of devices that you want to inspect using the QM lot (inspection lot amount).
The serial numbers of the devices are only allocated to the QM lot when you record the inspection results (transaction QE01).
Manual transfer of devices to inspection stock.
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2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.
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