Agency
Agency
E iclei-southasia@iclei.org
W www.iclei.org/sa
4
Local Action
Moves the World
ICLEI-South Asia
Preface
Mr Fergus Auld
First Secretary
PREFACE
Dear Readers,
Mr David Cadman
President
Mr David Cadman
President
ICLEI
Mr Konrad Otto-Zimmermann
Secretary General
ICLEI
Mr Konrad OttoZimmermann
Secretary General
Mr Chetan Vaidya
Director
MESSAGE
Mr Emani Kumar
Executive Director
MESSAGE
IN QUOTES
Mr Rohana Dassanayake
Minister for Urban Development
Sri Lanka
IN QUOTES
Mr Dasho J Dorjee
Advisor
National Environment Commission
Bhutan
Acknowledgement
ICLEI-South Asia and the British High Commission wish to
thank the following Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and their
utilities for their cooperation in providing the information that
made this publication possible.
India
Bengaluru
Bhavnagar
Bhopal
Bhubaneswar
Chennai
Coimbatore
Dehradun
Faridabad
Gurgaon
Guntur
Gwalior
Haldia
Indore
Jabalpur
Jaipur
Jamshedpur (UA)
Kanpur
Kochi, Ernakulam
Kolkata
Lucknow
Madurai
Mysore
Nagpur
Nashik
Patna
Pune
Raipur
Rajkot
Ranchi
Sangli
Shimla
Surat
Thane
Thiruvananthapuram Tiruchirapalli
Vijayawada
Udaipur
Visakhapatnam
Bangladesh
Dhaka
Chittagong
Khulna
Rajshahi
Bhutan
Thimphu
Phuentsholing
Sri Lanka
Colombo
Kandy
Kurunagela
Lalitpur
Pokhara
Matale
Nepal
Kathmandu
10
ACKNOW
LEDGEMENT
Ahmedabad
ACKNOW
LEDGEMENT
Agra
11
Index
Preface
Nagpur
45
Nashik
46
Patna
47
Pune
48
Raipur
49
Rajkot
50
Ranchi
51
14
16
Sangli
52
19
Shimla
53
Agra
20
Surat
54
Ahmedabad
21
Thane
55
Asansol
22
Thiruvananthapuram
56
Bengaluru
23
Tiruchirapalli
57
Bhavnagar
24
Udaipur
58
Bhopal
25
Vijayawada
59
Bhubaneswar
26
Visakhapatnam
60
Chennai
27
Chittagong, Bangladesh
61
Coimbatore
28
Dhaka, Bangladesh
62
Dehradun
29
Khulna, Bangladesh
63
Faridabad
30
Rajshahi, Bangladesh
64
Guntur
31
Phuentsholing, Bhutan
65
Gurgaon
32
Thimphu, Bhutan
66
Gwalior
33
Kathmandu, Nepal
67
Haldia
34
Lalitpur, Nepal
68
Indore
35
Pokhara, Nepal
69
Jabalpur
36
70
Jaipur
37
71
Jamshedpur (UA)
38
72
Kanpur
39
73
Kochi
40
Kolkata
41
Lucknow
42
Madurai
43
Mysore
44
12
INDEX
10
INDEX
Acknowledgement
74
Survey Analysis
76
78
References
80
13
Project Activities
14
ABOUT THE
E
PROJECT
15
INFORMATION
FOR THE READER
INFORMATION
FOR THE READER
The same pattern has been followed for all the cities
Emissions Factor
Weighted Average Emissions Rate (tCO2/MWh) (excl. Imports)
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
NEWNE
0.84
0.83
0.82
South
0.73
0.72
0.72
India
0.82
0.80
0.80
Weighted Average Emissions Rate (tCO2/MWh) (incl. Imports)
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
NEWNE
0.84
0.82
0.81
South
0.73
0.72
0.72
India
0.81
0.80
0.79
Source-CEA (http://www.cea.nic.in/planning/c%20and%20e/
Government%20of%20India%20website.htm)
HEAT, Emissions Factor
2005-06
NEWNE
0.56
South
0.62
2006-07
0.56
0.62
2007-08
0.68
0.62
http://heat.iclei.org/ICLEIHEAT/application/datasets/efview.
jsp?treeid=64&treename=&nodeid=2659&itemline=.32&endno
de=Y&disptype=efactors&fview=def
17
Sector
Electricity (Residential/
Commercial/Industrial)
LPG (Residential/
Commercial/Industrial)
Transportation (Petrol/Diesel)
Waste Generation
Fuel Wood
Coal
Kerosene
Sources
State Electricity Board
Distribution Agency
Individual Agencies such as
IOCL, BPCL, HPCL, etc.
Individual Agencies such as
IOCL, BPCL, HPCL, etc.
City Health Ofcer
Crematorium/Other Small
Distributors, etc.
Individual Agencies
Individual Agencies/
Distributors
18
ACRONYMS
INFORMATION
FOR THE READER
ICLEI-SA
JnNURM
kg
kL
kWh
LDO
LPG
MoEF
MoUD
MSW
MT
NGO
NIUA
PEARL
SPF
Sq km
SPV
STP
T/Year
TeCO2
TPD
UA
UFW
ULB
WBCSD
WRI
19
Agra
Ahmedabad
GUJARAT, INDIA
Ms Anjula Singh Mahaur
Mayor
Mr Anand Vardhan
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 562 2520 616
Population
Area
188.40 sq km
Mr Amit Shah
Mayor
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
Mahal, has given it fame across borders. It has also been a vibrant
5.5 Million
466 sq km
centre of culture, art and religious philosophies and is noted for its
Sector
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Transportation
33,408
114.97
Industrial
50,442
49,376
MSW (tpd)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Fuel Wood (MT)
Energy/Fuel
1,548
710
318.09
7,200
32.37
57.75
Petrol (kL)
868.4
Diesel (kL)
21.6
20
46.91
CNG (kg)
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
1,334.22
Kerosene (kL)
93,810
948.12
2,266.62
Diesel (kL)
272,160
Petrol (kL)
200,824
MSW (tpd)
2,242
43,046
CNG (MT)
55,034
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.77
Street Lighting
33.17
122.59
Petrol (kL)
Transportation
Diesel (kL)
CNG (kg)
27.33
7,354.73
2,168,119
7,566
Others
Quantity
Street Lighting
Transportation
Waste
930,271
Transportation
53.09
Petrol (kL)
CNG (kg)
Others
NA
Diesel (kL)
10,013.96
Residential
Kerosene (kL)
413.53
Sector
Commercial
LPG (MT)
Industrial
AGRA
G
Quantity
21
Asansol
Bengaluru
KARNATAKA, INDIA
Mr Tapas Banerjee
Mayor
Mr Yadav Mondal
Chief Executive Ofcer
Tel: +91 341 2302 491
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
West Bengal, Asansol is the second largest city of the state. The city
127.237 sq km
has rich coal and steel industries, a committed and large workforce
and reasonably high per capita income. It is one of the most culturally
telecommunications, etc.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Sector
67.58
LPG (MT)
6,686.8
Kerosene (kL)
18,840
Residential
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
2,879.29
LPG (MT)
Fuel Wood (MT)
10,085.60
Commercial
19.1
Kerosene (kL)
60,084
Industrial
9.95
2,610.3
Transportation
Waste
Others
Diesel (kL)
23,360
Petrol (kL)
8,980
MSW (tpd)
NA
8.9
750
CNG (MT)
360
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
LPG (MT)
72,600
237,500
MSW (tpd)
Electricity (Million kWh)
0.45
Sector
0.64
4.15
7.55
Street Lighting
89.07
Petrol (kL)
23.9
319.64
Petrol (kL)
140.47
Diesel (kL)
1,209.57
Diesel (kL)
110
Transportation
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Others
otal
are about 4.14 per cent of the total
city emissions
5,033
Transportation
149.88
Street Lighting
216,710.23
Petrol (kL)
Others
2,610.10
Diesel (kL)
Waste
Area
224.66 sq km
9,064.824
22
166,983.60
Population
4.3 Million (2001)
BENGALURU
U
Quantity
111.14
30
23
Bhavnagar
Bhopal
GUJARAT, INDIA
Mr Pradeep Sharma
Municipal Commissioner
Area
53.30 sq km
BHAVNAGAR
Population
0.51 Million (2001)
City Prole
City Prole
Bhavnagar, named after its founder and ruler Bhavsinhji Gohil, is the
The city of lakes, Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh and one
sixth largest city in the state of Gujarat. The city hosts a large number
and political hub of the state. The city boasts of multiple proles; the
old city with marketplaces, mosques, palaces and the new city with
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Kerosene (kL)
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Others
city emissions
Quantity
43,144.3
53.17
Residential
79.45
96,394
Petrol (kL)
37,515
Commercial
0.04
Energy/Fuel
Transportation
Quantity
1.23
Street Lighting
42.26
188.25
Population
Area
284 sq km
49,240
1,275.3
Kerosene (kL)
11,941
340.1
LPG (MT)
112.9
LPG (MT)
2,184
Kerosene (kL)
2,388
city emissions
59,369.8
Petrol (kL)
48,842.5
MSW (tpd)
Electricity (Million kWh)
29.5
Diesel (kL)
Others
550
103.8
Quantity
Building and
Facilities
4.38
Street Lighting
17.50
77.85
Petrol (kL)
24.00
Diesel (kL)
2,486.63
Transportation
Quantity
Waste
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
284.69
Diesel (kL)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Sector
Industrial
24
Mr Sunil Sood
Mayor
25
Bhubaneswar
Chennai
ORISSA, INDIA
Mr D R K Singh, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 674 2431 403
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
135 sq km
The city has a long history of 3,000 years and today, it has become
healthcare sectors.
Activities in Bhubaneswar
Sector
Energy/Fuel
TeCO2 annually
Residential
LPG (MT)
Commercial
0.84T/Year in 2007-08
Mr M Subramaniam
Mayor
Industrial
323.60
22,269.6
Kerosene (kL)
8,288.2
318.26
LPG (MT)
710.8
64.73
Transportation
26
Industrial
78
Diesel (kL)
346,180
Petrol (kL)
178,970
3,641
58,388
Others
MSW (tpd)
375
Street Lighting
8.1
10.23
Petrol (kL)
13.021
Diesel (kL)
337.650
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.3
Street Lighting
15.5
129.85
Petrol (kL)
139.8
Diesel (kL)
3,839.58
1,850.20
Transportation
0.11
197,748
176
Transportation
589
Diesel (kL)
Quantity
Quantity
Commercial
MSW (tpd)
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Waste
40,753
Transportation
Residential
Energy/Fuel
Petrol (kL)
Sector
Area
181.06 sq km
CHENNAI
Waste
city emissions
Quantity
Population
4.34 Million (2001)
27
Coimbatore
Dehradun
UTTARAKHAND, INDIA
Mr R Venkatachalam
Mayor
Area
105.5 sq km
COIMBATORE
Population
0.93 Million (2001)
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
the highest per capita income in the country. The city is known
300 sq km
Sector
Energy/Fuel
645.86
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
Quantity
LPG (MT)
28,699
Kerosene (kL)
10,668
36,234
66,520
Commercial
192.7
Commercial
375.92
Industrial
19.34
Industrial
144.19
Diesel (kL)
87,312
Petrol (kL)
65,310
MSW (tpd)
601
Transportation
Waste
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Transportation
Waste
Others
Sector
MSW (tpd)
143
525
10.16
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.06
Street Lighting
17.56
42.08
Petrol (kL)
22.99
Diesel (kL)
119.40
7.3
2.9
42,457
49.74
44,435
370.19
Petrol (kL)
Water Supply
Petrol (kL)
1.6
Diesel (kL)
Diesel (kL)
Street Lighting
Transportation
234.66
70,874
city emissions
28
Sector
LPG (MT)
1.37T/Year in 2007-08
Quantity
Kerosene (kL)
Residential
Mr Vinod Chamoli
Mayor
Mr Indudhar Dudai
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 135 2657 884/2655 620
Transportation
29
Faridabad
Guntur
HARYANA, INDIA
Mr C R Rana, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 129 2416 465
Population
Area
208 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
revenue from its industrial units. It was built in 1607 by Shaikh Farid
major transportation and textile hub. It is also known for the export
with the objective of protecting the highway passing through the town.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Industrial
Quantity
473.50
3,414.38
24,678
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Fuel Wood (MT)
756
Waste
NA
Diesel (kL)
280,397
Petrol (kL)
62,761
MSW (tpd)
480
2.37
Street Lighting
19.89
49.76
Transportation
Petrol (kL)
47
Diesel (kL)
480
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
645,293.87
250
19,929.13
city emissions
93.75
356
10.03
Quantity
1.97
Street Lighting
5.29
6.56
Petrol (kL)
6.54
Diesel (kL)
331.56
174
25,700
Energy/Fuel
14,888
Petrol (kL)
MSW (tpd)
1,733
20,200
Area
63.15 sq km
255
Diesel (kL)
Others
Others
Waste
Transportation
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Quantity
Population
0.51 Million (2001)
GUNTUR
Energy/Fuel
Energy/Fuel
867
LPG
Sector
Sector
Transportation
30
Mr K Ilambarithi, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 863 2224 202/2241 689
31
Population
Area
120 sq km
Gurgaon
Gwalior
HARYANA, INDIA
Mr R K Khullar, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 124 2220 011
City Prole
City Prole
during the last decade due to its proximity to West and South Delhi.
and is blessed with the legacy of classical music maestro Miya Tansen.
a Water Supply Plant to supply water to the entire city. It is the site of
Population
Area
289.5 sq km
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (MT)
GURGAON
Sector
401.60
9,461
1,020
Commercial
800.89
105.4
Industrial
503.28
397,148
Petrol (kL)
79,564
Waste
MSW (tpd)
570
Others
0.05
Energy/Fuel
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Waste
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
881
50,203.3
Petrol (kL)
20,460
MSW (tpd)
285
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.10
1.53
Street Lighting
2.17
Street Lighting
6.67
5.86
27.22
Petrol (kL)
20.46
Diesel (kL)
2,001.73
28.5
Diesel (kL)
Transportation
253.30
Diesel (kL)
Residential
Quantity
16,756
Transportation
34,438.50
Energy/Fuel
Kerosene (kL)
Quantity
Petrol (kL)
15
Diesel (kL)
66
Transportation
32
33
Population
Area
228.5 sq km
Haldia
Indore
Mr C B Singh, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 731 2431 610
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
214 sq km
Madhya Pradesh.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
LPG (MT)
Quantity
18.74
1,789.80
Commercial
7.93
Industrial
2.95
Transportation
Waste
Bulk Consumers
and Others
Diesel (kL)
25,440
Petrol (kL)
2,280
MSW (tpd)
50
133.61
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
NA
Street Lighting
NA
NA
466.99
LPG (MT)
82,987
14,172
157.67
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
3,983
102,435.5
39,036.83
Waste
MSW (tpd)
600
Others
117.03
Petrol (kL)
131
Diesel (kL)
Transportation
city emissions
36.17
Petrol (kL)
1.76
Diesel (kL)
48.3
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Street Lighting
2.38
21.03
Transportation
34
Quantity
0.53
Petrol (kL)
22.00
Diesel (kL)
1,989.30
INDORE
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Transportation
Sector
35
Jabalpur
Jaipur
RAJASTHAN, INDIA
Mrs Susheela Singh
Mayor
Mr O P Shrivastav, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 761 2410 777
Population
Area
154.21 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh. Jaipur is the capital of the majestic state
like Hawa Mahal, Nahargarh Fort, Amer Fort, etc. The city boasts of
Sector
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Residential
Kerosene (kL)
JABALPUR
Mr Pankaj Joshi
Mayor
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
city emissions
Industrial
Transportation
Waste
Quantity
204.8
37,945
11,497
66.3
890
2,299
18.8
Diesel (kL)
51,110.5
Petrol (kL)
30,584.6
MSW (tpd)
330
Energy/Fuel
1.43
Street Lighting
14.34
21.07
Transportation
Residential
Petrol (kL)
16.5
Diesel (kL)
1,740.64
Quantity
LPG (MT)
86,965
16,932
Commercial
504.11
Industrial
740.24
Transportation
Waste
Others
Area
200.4 sq km
919.06
Kerosene (kL)
Diesel (kL)
145,224
Petrol (kL)
137,881
city emissions
MSW (tpd)
621
133.21
Coal (Tonnes)
13,200
Quantity
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
6,927
Sector
Population
1.40 Million (2001)
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Street Lighting
29.85
109.61
Transportation
3.15
Petrol (kL)
NA
Diesel (kL)
1,666.67
36
37
Population
Area
230.59 sq km
Activities in Jamshedpur
Jamshedpur
Kanpur
JHARKHAND, INDIA
Mr Rajiv Sharma
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 512 2551 416/2546 194
City Prole
City Prole
The ninth most populous city in India and the largest in Uttar
The city is also called the Steel city or Tata city. Jamshedpur has a
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
1,049.38
Residential
2.76T/Year in 2007-08
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
12,324
17,543
Kerosene (kL)
48,384
Commercial
154.18
214.14
Industrial
3,765.20
Diesel (kL)
200,043
Petrol (kL)
47,636
Waste
MSW (tpd)
Others
560
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Transportation
Quantity
NA
LPG (MT)
3,975
Petrol (kL)
53,828
CNG (kg)
10,225,631
MSW (tpd)
Others
1,200
361.16
12.24
Street Lighting
36.38
39.12
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
Petrol (kL)
638.02
Diesel (kL)
208.32
CNG (kg)
city emissions
Waste
Transportation
NA
320.66
NA
317.32
40,645
Diesel (kL)
Diesel (kL)
43.47
38
608,044
Street Lighting
Petrol (kL)
Area
300 sq km
KANPUR
Industrial
67.94
Commercial
LPG (MT)
Population
2.55 Million (2001)
806.70
LPG (MT)
Transportation
Residential
Quantity
Kerosene (kL)
Sector
Mr Ravindra Patni
Mayor
7,326
39
Population
Area
94.88 sq km
Kochi
Kolkata
KERALA, INDIA
Mr P G Thomas, IAS
Secretary
Tel: +91 484 2369 007
City Prole
City Prole
of Kerala. Kochi is one of the principle sea ports of India and a growing
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
NA
Commercial
123.77
Industrial
35.59
Diesel (kL)
Transportation
NA
Petrol (kL)
NA
Waste
MSW (tpd)
250
Others
Sector
Energy/Fuel
18.13
Quantity
0.285
Street Lighting
28.62
0.24
Transportation
Sector
237.45
Petrol (kL)
43.19
Diesel (kL)
663
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
40
Quantity
1,196.06
LPG (MT)
75,997
984.54
503.16
Coal/Wood (Tonnes)
Population
Area
185 sq km
488,955
Petrol (kL)
117,987
MSW (tpd)
4,000
Others
2,929,348
Diesel (kL)
292,240
Waste
NA
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
23.14
Street Lighting
53.04
138.84
Others
Energy/Fuel
Kerosene (kL)
Transportation
KOCHI
LPG (MT)
Quantity
Mr Bikash Bhattacharya
Mayor
Petrol (kL)
540
Diesel (kL)
4,320
LPG (MT)
5,280
LDO (kL)
960
41
Lucknow
Madurai
Population
Area
310.01 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
The City of Nawabs, Lucknow is the capital of the most populous state
of India, Uttar Pradesh. The city is known for its cultural heritage and
has been a multicultural city known for its manners, gardens, poetry,
is the second largest city of the state after Chennai. The Meenakshi
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Commercial
Industrial
732,023
57,896
LPG (MT)
NA
372
LPG
NA
54,476
Petrol (kL)
87,926
CNG (kg)
1,295,732
1,550
72
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
47.23
Street Lighting
108
Transportation
Residential
LPG (MT)
37,570
27,187
15,512
Industrial
Waste
15
35,054
Petrol (kL)
21,323
MSW (tpd)
450
Energy/Fuel
city emissions
Quantity
0.21
Street Lighting
29.15
5.12
Transportation
Petrol (kL)
NA
Diesel (kL)
1,022
54.73
Diesel (kL)
81.80
CNG (kg)
6,498
Diesel (kL)
50
Kerosene (kL)
Commercial
Transportation
Quantity
Area
109 sq km
563
Petrol (kL)
Quantity
Energy/Fuel
Population
0.92 Million (2001)
MADURAI
Diesel (kL)
MSW (tpd)
Sector
1,656
384
Waste
Bulk Consumers
and Others
Quantity
Transportation
42
Ms G Thenmozhi
Mayor
Mr S Sebastine
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 452 2531 116
43
Mysore
Nagpur
KARNATAKA, INDIA
MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Mr Purushotham
Mayor
Mr K S Raykar, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 821 2418 803
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
128.42 sq km
largest city of the state after Mumbai and Pune. It is the seat of the
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
LPG (MT)
Quantity
2,398
12,400
Kerosene (kL)
32,604
LPG (MT)
Others
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
LPG (MT)
Others
Transportation
92.23
8,348.68
NA
380.38
1,056.58
NA
Diesel (kL)
51,000
Petrol (kL)
30,800
Waste
MSW (tpd)
Other
Million kWh
300
272.708
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
0.35
Street Lighting
16.02
46.34
Others
Petrol (kL)
9.64
Diesel (kL)
318.00
LPG (MT)
Fuel Wood (MT)
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
LPG (MT)
Fuel Wood (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Waste
Quantity
Population
Area
218 sq km
548
109,897
2,400
38,497
142
2,341
479
Diesel (kL)
85,237
Petrol (kL)
86,026
MSW (tpd)
770
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.22
Street Lighting
32.96
Quantity
Transportation
Sector
237.7
city emissions
MYSORE
Ms Mayatai Iwanate
Mayor
Transportation
74.61
Petrol (kL)
58.630
Diesel (kL)
1,268.28
0.58
22
44
45
Nashik
Patna
MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
BIHAR, INDIA
Population
Area
259.13 sq km
City Prole
The wine capital of India or the Grape City, Nashik is situated on the
Patna is the capital of the state of Bihar. It lies on the south bank
Population
Area
135 sq km
and pleasant climate. It is also famous for its religious and historical
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
City Prole
Mr Vinayak Pandey
Mayor
Commercial
LPG (MT)
55
83.5
NA
300
94.2
Coal (MT)
Fuel Wood (MT)
Transportation
Waste
1,980
47,659
Petrol (kL)
53,487
MSW (tpd)
350
Energy/Fuel
Street Lighting
25.52
41.53
Petrol (kL)
33.68
Diesel (kL)
465.8
54,083
18,804
Commercial
144.04
Industrial
359.39
Waste
Others
Diesel (kL)
267,762
Petrol (kL)
62,394
MSW (tpd)
1,130
19.62
2,250
Coal (MT)
2,250
364.45
LPG (MT)
Transportation
Quantity
74.37
Street Lighting
11.59
63.74
Petrol (kL)
62.48
Diesel (kL)
36.8
Transportation
PATNA
1.28
46
Quantity
Quantity
Kerosene (kL)
Sector
Transportation
Residential
300
Diesel (kL)
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
2,280
Coal (MT)
Industrial
Sector
268.1
Quantity
47
Pune
Raipur
MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
CHHATTISGARH, INDIA
Ms Rajlaxmi Bhosale
Mayor
Mr Mahesh Zagade
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 20 2550 1100
Population
Area
450.69 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
south-east of the upper Mahanadi valley and the bordering hills in the
Population
Area
south and the east. Raipur is popular for the variety of rice it offers. It
154 sq km
Sector
Quantity
1,351.80
LPG (MT)
Coal (Tonnes)
420
LPG (MT)
Coal (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
1,152
78,024
Commercial
city emissions
88,975
Kerosene (kL)
Electricity (Million kWh)
522.5
NA
2,800
2,526.1
Sector
Residential
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
263.58
LPG (MT)
33,657
Commercial
90.92
Industrial
50.49
Transportation
Diesel (kL)
150,586
Petrol (kL)
56,487.9
Waste
MSW (tpd)
300
Others
Diesel (kL)
358,279
Sector
Petrol (kL)
279,467
4.94
Waste
MSW (tpd)
1,200
Street Lighting
6.47
Others
321.1
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Transportation
4.96
Street Lighting
38.19
103.82
Petrol (kL)
108.20
Diesel (kL)
1,413.30
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
21.67
Petrol (kL)
188.85
Diesel (kL)
203.56
Quantity
Transportation
2,400
20.29
Coal (MT)
Transportation
PUNE
Energy/Fuel
48
49
Rajkot
Ranchi
GUJARAT, INDIA
JHARKHAND, INDIA
Ms Sandhya Vyas
Mayor
Mr D H Brahmbhatt, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 281 2239 971
Population
Area
104.86 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
the Aji and Niari river. Rajkot was the ancestral home of Mahatma
Gandhi. It is ranked 22nd in the worlds fastest growing cities list. The
city is famous for mirror work, bandhani sarees, bead work, patch
Sector
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Quantity
316.28
NA
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
Quantity
LPG (MT)
362.95
Kerosene (kL)
23,765
133.79
Commercial
61.19
360.49
Industrial
200.13
Transportation
Waste
LPG (MT)
1,178
CNG (MT)
1,588
Diesel (kL)
21,539
Petrol (kL)
8,559
MSW (tpd)
227
Waste
Others
Diesel (kL)
242,365
Petrol (kL)
92,604
MSW (tpd)
360
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
2.56
0.07
Street Lighting
7.65
Street Lighting
0.10
16.97
Petrol (kL)
40.50
Diesel (kL)
457.53
811,904
74
Transportation
Area
111 sq km
Transportation
0.3
Petrol (kL)
16.28
Diesel (kL)
480
RANCHI
Energy/Fuel
Transportation
Population
0.84 Million (2001)
327.58
24,167
Industrial
Sector
Sector
Kerosene (kL)
city emissions
50
Mr Rama Khalkho
Mayor
51
Population
Area
142 sq km
Sangli
Shimla
MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Mr D P Metake
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 233 2323 167
City Prole
City Prole
the river basins of the Warna and Krishna river. Sangli is the largest
back to the colonial era and is surrounded by forests of pine and oak.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Coal (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Commercial
Coal (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
Transportation
SANGLI
Quantity
70.56
10,554
33,360
30
24.34
80
43.14
Coal (MT)
15,000
Diesel (kL)
32,531
Petrol (kL)
55,458
MSW (tpd)
190
Other
8.87
Energy/Fuel
1.23
6.84
9.94
Others
52
Quantity
Street Lighting
Transportation
Petrol (kL)
32
Diesel (kL)
144.03
Kerosene (kL)
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Commercial
Industrial
Quantity
Area
19.55 sq km
759
53.92
4,320
25.3
NA
1.53
10,512
Petrol (kL)
7,215
Waste
MSW (tpd)
93
Others
NA
Diesel (kL)
Transportation
Population
0.14 Million (2001)
35.53
Quantity
Street Lighting
2.15
76.46
Transportation
0.56
Petrol (kL)
12.56
Diesel (kL)
26.42
34.05
Residential
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
480
Waste
Sector
Sector
Mr Narinder Kataria
Mayor
53
Surat
Thane
GUJARAT, INDIA
MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Ms Kanubhai G Mavani
Mayor
Ms S Aparna, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 261 2422 244
Population
Area
3.68 Million
326.515 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
Surat is the eighth largest city in India, located in the western part
The terminus of the rst railway in India built from Mumbai in 1853,
Thane is situated on the western bank of the Thane creek with the
largely recognised for its textile and diamond industry. 92 per cent of
Parsik hills on the east and the Yeour hills on the west. It was an
the diamonds of the world are cut and polished in Surat. It is also the
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
320.08
Kerosene (kL)
74,910
LPG (MT)
Industrial
city emissions
Transportation
Waste
414
320.08
2,033
Diesel (kL)
108,569.50
Petrol (kL)
119,938.50
CNG (kg)
790,80
MSW (tpd)
1,093
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
9.56
Street Lighting
19.01
100.77
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Waste
60
Diesel (kL)
2,664
LPG (MT)
25,468
172.94
54
820.439
537.73
18,828.67
Petrol (kL)
20,630.05
MSW (tpd)
600
CNG (scmd)
73,000
Briquette (MT)
21,000
102,379.68
Diesel (kL)
Sector
Energy/Fuel
city emissions
Quantity
5.93
Street Lighting
14.99
20.99
Petrol (kL)
68.331
Diesel (kL)
107.180
CNG (scmd)
19,745.87
513.05
Kerosene (kL)
LPG (MT)
Transportation
Quantity
Area
147 sq km
THANE
Petrol (kL)
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Others
Transportation
Sector
531
Commercial
Quantity
Population
1.26 Million (2001)
8,160
55
THIRUVANANTHA
Thiruvananthapuram
Tiruchirapalli
KERALA, INDIA
City Prole
Population
Area
0.74 Million
141.74 sq km
cigars, handloom cloth, glass bangles and wooden and clay toys. The
terrain of low coastal hills and busy commercial alleys. It is the largest
town and its famous forts were built by the Nayaks of Madurai and is
Activities in Thiruvananthapuram
Sector
Energy/Fuel
TeCO2 annually
Residential
Commercial
Ms Sarubala R Thondaiman
Mayor
Mr T T Balsamy, MA
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 431 2412 860
City Prole
Mr C Jayan Babu
Mayor
Mr P S Md Sagir, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 471 2332 085
Industrial
Transportation
193.98
NA
110.31
NA
18.17
LPG (MT)
NA
Commercial
79
Industrial
14
Diesel (kL)
NA
Petrol (kL)
NA
Transportation
MSW (tpd)
432
Others
NA
NA
Others
30.71
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.68
Street Lighting
33.334
46
Petrol (kL)
NA
Diesel (kL)
554.9
Area
146.90 sq km
Energy/Fuel
TeCO2 annually
Quantity
3.02
Street Lighting
12.07
16.41
Petrol (kL)
14.4
Diesel (kL)
755.16
city emissions
Transportation
Activities in Tiruchirapalli
contribute to 0.35 Million
455
Waste
56
Residential
NA
250
Quantity
Diesel (kL)
Petrol (kL)
Transportation
Energy/Fuel
NA
MSW (tpd)
Sector
Sector
LPG
Waste
Quantity
Population
0.75 Million (2001)
57
Udaipur
Vijayawada
RAJASTHAN, INDIA
Mr Balmukund Asawa
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 294 2421 255
Area
37 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
city situated in Rajasthan. Also known as the City of Lakes for the
Population
Area
beautiful lakes that it hosts, the city best captures the Rajput era
110.14 sq km
on the banks of the Krishna river, the citys railway junction is the
luxury hotels.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
Quantity
Sector
137.24
17,704
4,873.62
LPG (MT)
Kerosene (kL)
27,104.45
Industrial
131.26
Diesel (kL)
96,354
Coal (Tonnes)
17,280
Petrol (kL)
29,718
162.36
1,187.7
Coal (Tonnes)
16,014
Diesel (kL)
86,898
Petrol (kL)
22,445
MSW (tpd)
350
MSW (tpd)
Others
125
20.85
Coal (Tonnes)
7,200
Energy/Fuel
Transportation
Waste
Quantity
NA
Street Lighting
7.41
27.69
Transportation
Industrial
Petrol (kL)
5.89
Diesel (kL)
270.18
Sector
Energy/Fuel
0.90T/Year in 2007-08
1,511.105
1.36
Street Lighting
10.41
15.62
Petrol (kL)
20.04
Diesel (kL)
474.92
Quantity
190.72
Transportation
LPG (MT)
2,984
76.31
Commercial
398.88
Transportation
Quantity
Commercial
Waste
58
Energy/Fuel
VIJAYAWADA
Population
0.38 Million (2001)
Ms Muttamsetty Venkata
Ratna Bindu
Mayor
Mr Pradyumna P S, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 866 2421 058
59
VISAKHAPATNAM
Visakhapatnam
Chittagong
BANGLADESH
Mr P Janardhan Rao
Mayor
Mr B Sridhar, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +91 891 2746 300
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
Pradesh. Home to the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy, the
550 sq km
city is also called the City of Destiny. It hosts several heavy industries
and has one of the largest ports and the oldest shipyards in the
country. It has the only natural harbour on the eastern coast of India.
in South Asia.
Activities in Visakhapatnam
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Year in 2007-08
494.08
LPG (MT)
34,678
Kerosene (kL)
2,196
9,300
Industrial
Quantity
TeCO2 annually
Mr Alhaj A B M
Mohiuddin Chowdhury
Mayor
Mr Md Shamsuddoha
Secretary
Tel: +880 31 610007
Transportation
city emissions
Waste
206.02
4,062,709
Diesel (kL)
149,294
Petrol (kL)
45,963
MSW (tpd)
880
Energy/Fuel
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Quantity
NA
NA
101.60
Diesel (kL)
4,854.48
Petrol (kL)
42,097.618
Octane (kL)
31,511.64
Waste
MSW (tpd)
1,100
Others
35.37
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
16.64
NA
Street Lighting
20.13
Street Lighting
NA
14.91
Water Supply
27.16
Petrol (kL)
105.72
Diesel (kL)
390.61
15.19
Area
157 sq km
59.63
Transportation
60
Residential
982.69
Coal (MT)
Sector
Population
2.53 Million (2001)
Sewage System
Electricity (kWh)
Petrol (kL)
64.12
Transportation
Diesel (kL)
686.25
Octane (kL)
7.96
NA
61
Population
Area
153.84 sq km
Dhaka
Khulna
BANGLADESH
BANGLADESH
City Prole
City Prole
famed as the City of Mosques and for producing the nest muslin. It is
Mr Md Moniruzzaman Moni
Mayor
Population
Area
59.57 sq km
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
2,753.81
LPG (MT)
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
NA
536.46
NA
1,502.29
LPG (MT)
NA
Diesel (kL)
NA
Petrol (kL)
NA
Waste
MSW (tpd)
NA
Others
1,660.33
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
NA
24.63
Water Supply
NA
Sewage System
NA
Petrol (kL)
NA
Diesel (kL)
NA
62
Quantity
Street Lighting
Transportation
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Quantity
41.77
NA
9.47
9.98
Kerosene (kL)
NA
Diesel (kL)
NA
city emissions
Petrol (kL)
NA
MSW (tpd)
520
Others
13.03
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.6
Street Lighting
4.5
Transportation
NA
Waste
Sector
KHULNA
Residential
Energy/Fuel
Sector
3.9
49.97
132.01
63
Rajshahi
Phuentsholing
BANGALADESH
BHUTAN
Mr AHM Khairuzzaman
Mayor
Mr S M Zahedul Karim
Chief Executive Ofcer
Rajshahi Development Authority
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
the Indian town of Jaigaon and has a thriving local economy, resulting
377 sq km
city and the silk city. Though archaeological research dates Rajshahi
back to 1634 AD, the city started gaining importance post 1825, when
commonly known as the Torsha river, and the jungles that lie close
by, teaming with exotic ora and fauna, are favourite tourist spots.
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (MT)
RAJSHAHI
Mr Kunzang Norbu
Mayor
Tel: +975 5 252168
Commercial
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
Transportation
Quantity
11.77
NA
2.21
NA
0.082
LPG
NA
Diesel (kL)
NA
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
Residential
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Commercial
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
LPG
Transportation
5.70
MSW (tpd)
Others
44.7
Others
0.64T/Year in 2007-08
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.07
NA
0.04
Street Lighting
0.18
Sewage System
Water Supply
1.02
Sewage System
0.03
Others
0.68
NA
Petrol (kL)
4.10
Diesel (kL)
20.08
15
0.38
TeCO2 annually
46.02
2,865.68
Waste
Activities in Phuentsholing
contribute to 0.02 Million
NA
Petrol (kL)
NA
300
Transportation
10,226
2,130.62
Petrol (kL)
Energy/Fuel
NA
5.61
Diesel (kL)
MSW (tpd)
Sector
Quantity
Area
NA
Waste
64
Sector
Population
0.02 Million (2005)
65
Population
Area
NA
Thimphu
Kathmandu
BHUTAN
NEPAL
Mr Phuntsho Gyeltshen
Executive Secretary
Tel: +975 2 327513
Mr Niranjan Baral
Executive Ofcer
Tel: +977 1 4231481
City Prole
City Prole
Thimphu is the capital city of Bhutan and also the name of the
Population
Area
50.67 sq km
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Commercial
Industrial
Quantity
80.73
NA
21.01
NA
3.91
NA
Diesel (kL)
7,002.22
Petrol (kL)
5,042.48
Waste
MSW (tpd)
40
Others
Transportation
25.10
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Quantity
287.39
LPG (MT)
25,386
89.25
LPG (MT)
1,148
54.30
LPG (MT)
2,762.25
Quantity
31,785
350
Others
61.89
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.10
0.46
0.19
Street Lighting
5.65
Water Supply
0.33
Water Supply
0.68
Sewage System
NA
Petrol (kL)
3.62
Diesel (kL)
51.99
Sewage System
Transportation
Others
Petrol (kL)
MSW (tpd)
Waste
Sector
32,707
Street Lighting
Diesel (kL)
Transportation
66
Energy/Fuel
Sector
Electricity (kWh)
NA
Petrol (kL)
251
Diesel (kL)
480
0.25
KATHMANDU
67
Population
Area
15.43 sq km
Lalitpur
Pokhara
NEPAL
NEPAL
Mr Tilak Poudel
Executive Ofcer
Tel: +977 61 521104
City Prole
City Prole
Situated at about 827 metres above the sea level, Pokhara is the third
of the river Baghmati. Nestled in the Kathmandu Valley, the city was
Population
Area
founded in 650 AD and is known for its wood and stone carvings. The
Nepal. The 1.5 kilometre long Fewa Lake and the Annapurna range
11.6 sq km
city stands out with its archaeological heritage as well, especially the
are some of the major tourist attractions. Pokhara is also known for
Sector
Energy/Fuel
65.94
LPG (MT)
5,703
15.08
20.94
Industrial
LPG (MT)
LALITPUR
Transportation
city emissions
Quantity
920.75
Diesel (kL)
8,743
Petrol (kL)
4.1
Kerosene (kL)
Waste
MSW (tpd)
Others
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
4,655
75
19.39
Quantity
37.59
LPG (MT)
3,840
7.07
7.05
LPG (MT)
960
Diesel (kL)
10,207
Petrol (kL)
6,198
Kerosene (kL)
Waste
MSW (tpd)
Others
46
Quantity
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.11
0.077
Street Lighting
0.86
Street Lighting
0.50
0.02
Water Supply
0.0162
Petrol (kL)
8.2
Diesel (kL)
182
Transportation
Others
8.84
5,696.5
Transportation
68
Energy/Fuel
Sector
Petrol (kL)
6.8
Diesel (kL)
51.5
Kerosene (kL)
0.84
0.006
69
Colombo
Kandy
SRI LANKA
SRI LANKA
Mr Uvais Mohamed Emthiyas
Mayor
Population
Area
37.31 sq km
City Prole
City Prole
Colombo is the largest city and the commercial capital of Sri Lanka
The capital of the central province of Sri Lanka, Kandy is one of the
and is located on the west coast of the island nation. The busy
Population
Area
and vibrant city is a mix of modern life and colonial buildings and
1,940 sq km
ruins. Some of its famous landmarks include Galle Face Green, the
location, the hills of the Kandy Valley crossing an area of tropical tea
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (MT)
Commercial
LPG (MT)
Electricity (Million kWh)
Industrial
city emissions
Transportation
Quantity
6,876.03
Energy/Fuel
1,099.60
454.57
68,153
8,223.89
700
219.8
Quantity
NA
Street Lighting
11.32
Water Supply
3.40
Sewage System
3.30
Petrol (kL)
4.64
Diesel (kL)
125.24
Industrial
Transportation
Waste
LPG (MT)
NA
Diesel (kL)
38,401.80
Petrol (kL)
24,102.32
city emissions
MSW (tpd)
105
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
2.05
Street Lighting
2.53
Water Supply
6.61
Sewage System
Transportation
NA
Petrol (kL)
53.20
Diesel (kL)
82.26
KANDY
670,421
Kerosene (kL)
Transportation
LPG (KG)
NA
Residential
67.86
6,231
51,218.01
Others
Quantity
Kerosene (kL)
Petrol (kL)
MSW (tpd)
Energy/Fuel
18.62
72,279.84
Waste
Sector
419.01
Diesel (kL)
Kerosene (KL)
70
Mr L B Aluvihare
Mayor
Mr C Tennakoon
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +94 81 2234336
71
Kurunegala
Matale
SRI LANKA
SRI LANKA
Mr Nimal Chandrasiri
de Silva
Mayor
Mr J A B C Jayakody
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +94 37 2222275
Area
4,816 sq km
KURUNEGALA
Population
0.02 Million (2001)
City Prole
City Prole
Population
Area
important parts of the country with each other. Ethagala or the Elephant
Rock Castle, Aluwihare Temple and Dambulla Cave Temple and the
NA
Knuckles Mountain Range and has a vast agricultural area under its
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Residential
LPG (KG)
Mr Himly Mohamad
Mayor
Mr H E M W G Dissanayake
Municipal Commissioner
Tel: +94 66 2222274
Industrial
Quantity
376
891.67
Kerosene (kL)
7,468.75
Diesel (kL)
9,896.51
Kerosene (kL)
1,318.01
Transportation
Waste
Diesel (kL)
39,586.04
Petrol (kL)
45,348.60
MSW (tpd)
44
Energy/Fuel
Residential
Industrial
Transportation
Energy/Fuel
Electricity (Million kWh)
LPG (MT)
Diesel (kL)
Kerosene (kL)
Quantity
103.67
273.40
Diesel (kL)
8,215.68
Petrol (kL)
6,623.10
Waste
MSW (tpd)
25
Others
NA
Quantity
Sector
Energy/Fuel
Quantity
0.51
0.05
1.38
Street Lighting
0.96
1.78
Water Supply
0.54
Sewage System
NA
Transportation
2,053.92
Water Supply
272.14
Street Lighting
Sewage System
Sector
NA
Petrol (kL)
82.19
Diesel (kL)
NA
Transportation
Petrol (kL)
14.131
Diesel (kL)
24.884
72
73
5. Transportation System
6. Public Awareness
7. Others
74
75
Survey Analysis
Policy Response
76
SURVEY
ANALYSIS
SURVEY
ANALYSIS
General Response
77
Dhaka
Thimphu
Bhopal
Ahmedabad
Bhubaneswar
Mysore
Kandy
Kathmandu
78
79
References
Emissions Calculations (Harmonised Emissions Analysis
Tool), ICLEI HEAT Software , 2008
http://heat.iclei.org/ICLEIHEAT/portal/main.jsp
Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board, 2006
http://www.hpseb.com/Pat1.htm
80
I am very happy to know that ICLEI-South Asia had taken up one such
initiative with 54 South Asian cities. We will be able to throw up comparison
between cities, which cities have larger global impact in terms of volume
of CO2 released and also analyse per capita emissions of each city.
IN QUOTES
Mr K S Raykar
Commissioner, Mysore
REFERENCES
Dr A K Panda, IAS
Commissioner-cum-Secretary
Housing & Urban Development
Department, Government of Orissa
I am pleased to mention here that energy efciency and clean
technology helps in making the cities clean and greener. This study by
ICLEI-South Asia makes cities aware of their energy and emissions prole
and gives them a reason for creating low carbon and sustainable city.
Mr I P Gautam, IAS
Commissioner
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
81
Disclaimer
82
DISCLAIMER