( 34-3-88)
UDC 621 Group E62
INTERSTATE COUNCIL
ON STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION
THE INTERSTATE STANDARD
CARS THE ELECTRIC ROTATING.
TURBOGENERATORS
The general specifications
Rotating electrical machinery. Turbo-generators.
General specifications
29.160.20
OKP 33 8300
Date of Introduction 20020101
The foreword
1 it is developed by Interstate technical committee MTK 333 Rotating electric cars, joint-stock
company electric power industry Scientific research institute () and electromechanical
engineering Scientific research institute () the Russian Federation
It is brought by Gosstandart of Russia
2 it is accepted by Interstate Council about standardization, metrology and certification (the report
17 from June, 22nd, 2000)
For acceptance have voted:
State
The Azerbaijan Republic
Republic Armenia
Byelorussia
Republic Georgia
Republic Kazakhstan
The Kirghiz Republic
Republic Moldova
The Russian Federation
Republic Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Republic Uzbekistan
Ukraine
Gosstandart of Belarus
Gosstandart of Russia
Gosstandart of Ukraine
3 Sections 1, 5, 6, 7 and 12 this standards represent authentic text 34-388 Rotating electric
cars. A part 3: Special requirements for synchronous turbogenerators
On standardization and metrology from April, 2nd, 2001 157-st the interstate standard of GOST
5332000 is installed by 4 Decision of the State committee of the Russian Federation as state standard
of the Russian Federation since January, 1st, 2002
GOST 27 Reliability in the technician. The basic concepts. Terms and definitions
GOST of 183-74 Cars the electric rotating. The general specifications
GOST of 8865-93 Systems of electric isolation. An estimation and classification
GOST of 10169-77 Cars the electric three-phase synchronous. Test methods
GOST of 11828-86 Cars the electric rotating. The general test methods
GOST of 11929-87 Cars the electric rotating. The general test methods. Noise level definition
GOST of 12969-67 Tablets for cars and devices. Technical requirements
GOST of 12971-67 Tablets rectangular for cars and devices. The sizes
GOST 1419296 Marks of cargoes
GOST of 15150-69 Cars, devices and other technical products. Executions for various climatic
areas. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation to parts of influence of climatic
factors of an environment
GOST of 15543 Products electrotechnical. The general requirements regarding firmness to climatic
external influencing factors
GOST 1650481 System of the state tests of production. Tests and production quality assurance.
The basic terms and definitions
GOST of 17494-87 Cars the electric rotating. Classification of degrees of the protection provided
with covers of rotating electric cars
GOST of 17516 Products electrotechnical. The general requirements regarding firmness to
mechanical external influencing factors
GOST of 21130-75 Products electrotechnical. Clips earthing and grounding signs. A design and the
sizes
GOST of 21558-88 Systems of excitation of turbogenerators, hydrogenerators and synchronous
jacks. The general specifications
GOST of 23216-78 Products electrotechnical. Storage, transportation, time anticorrosive protection,
packing. The general requirements and test methods
GOST 2536497 Units the stationary. Norms of vibration of support of
waterpipes and the general requirements to carrying out of measurements
GOST 2594183 ( 34-272, 34-274) Cars the electric rotating. Methods of
definition of losses and efficiency
GOST of 26772-85 Cars the electric rotating. A designation of conclusions and a rotation direction
GOST of 27471-87 Cars the electric rotating. Terms and definitions
3 Definitions
In this standard terms in accordance with GOST 27.002, GOST 183, GOST 16504, GOST 27471
are applied.
4 General requirements
Drawing 1
4.1 If another is not stipulated by this standard turbogenerators and their systems of excitation
should correspond to the general requirements shown to rotating electric cars in accordance with GOST
183 and GOST 21558.
4.2 Key parametres of the turbogenerators connected to steam and gas turbines, are established on
1) taking into account this standard requirements.
Recommended values of parametres of turbogenerators are resulted in steam turbines in appendix
A.
_____________
1)
the agreement between the manufacturer and the basic consumer or the customer Hereinafter means.
4.3 Nominal frequency of rotation 1500 or 3000 rpm at frequency of a current of 50 Hz and
1800 or 3600 rpm at frequency of a current of 60 Hz.
4.4 Cars should suppose long work with rated power and a nominal power factor, and also with the
stipulated agreement, section 7 and appendix A, the maximum loadings, at pressure deviations 5 %
and frequency 2 % of rating values as it is shown by the shaded area in drawing 1.
Limiting excess of temperature or the limiting temperatures specified in table 1, it is necessary to
apply only to an operating mode with nominal pressure and frequency.
Table 1 Limiting temperatures and excess of temperatures
Parts of turbogenerators or the
cooling environment
razovatelej
resistance
resistance
Class In
1 Cooling environment on an
exit from directly cooled active
Class F
parts:
Gas (air, hydrogen)
Water or oil
2 Winding :
At indirect cooling by air
Hydrogen
with
absolute
pressure, :
To 150 .
St. 150 to 200 .
"200 300
"300 400
400
At direct cooling by gas or a
liquid
3 Winding of a rotor:
At indirect cooling
Air
Hydrogen
At direct cooling by gas (air,
hydrogen) and number of zones
of release of gas:
1 and 2
3 and 4
6
From 8 to 14 .
St. 14
4 Active steel of the core
110
85
110
85
130
85
130
85
(80)
(85)
(100)
(105)
(85)
(80)
(78)
(73)
(70)
120
(105)
(100)
(98)
(93)
(90)
145
(90)
(85)
(110)
(105)
100
105
110
115
120
120 (80)
120
(80)
115
120
125
130
135
140 (100)
140
(100)
Notes
1 Supposed temperature of a winding of the rotor, measured by a resistance method, at direct cooling by a
liquid should be established in the turbogenerator maintenance instruction.
2 Thermoconverters of resistance laid under a grooving wedge, it is supposed to supervise only temperature of
windings with liquid cooling.
3 Ventilation of a rotor at direct cooling of a winding by gas is characterised by number of radial zones of an
exit of gas on all length of a rotor. Zones of an exit of cooling gas from front parts of a winding on the one hand a
rotor should be considered as one zone.
The general zones of an exit of the cooling environment of two axial opposite directed streams should be
considered as two zones.
4 Decrease supposed winding temperatures at indirect air or hydrogen cooling for
turbogenerators with rated voltage from above 11 in accordance with GOST 183.
5 temperatures of a winding Supposed value at direct cooling by a liquid are established in the
turbogenerator maintenance instruction, but no more specified in the table.
Notes
1 In process of increase in a deviation of pressure and frequency from nominal excess of temperatures or
temperature can progressively increase. Long work with rated power in some boundary currents of the shaded area
can lead to growth temperatures approximately on 10 To.
Cars also should provide rated power at a nominal power factor at pressure change 5 % and frequency from
plus of 3 % to a minus of rating values of 5 % as it is defined by external dotted border in drawing 1, however will
take place thus the further increases temperatures.
2 For reduction of reduction of service life because of increase of temperatures or temperatures
work of the car out of limits of the shaded area should be limited on duration and number of cases As far as
possible capacity of the car should decrease or other measures should be undertaken
Turbogenerators should suppose long work with the lowered loading at simultaneous deviations of pressure
over 5 %, but no more than to 10 %, and frequency to 2 % of rating values.
Safe loads depending on their duration and number of cases of work out of the shaded zone should be
specified the manufacturer in the car maintenance instruction
3 Operating modes at the raised pressure in a combination to the lowered frequency or at the lowered pressure
and the raised frequency are abnormal Thus work in the first of modes can lead to increase in excess of
temperature of a winding of excitation. At the operating modes shown in drawing 1, overexcitation or
the car and its transformer is not exceeded by 5 %.
4 it is necessary to consider influence of a deviation of frequency from nominal for work of other elements of a
turbine unit, for example the turbine and auxiliaries the Manufacturer of the turbine should specify limits of change
of frequency and time during which the turbine can work at this frequency. It is necessary to consider also
possibility of work of auxiliaries at pressure and frequency change
4.5 Turbogenerators should be made for long typical operating mode S1 in accordance with GOST
183.
4.6 Turbogenerators should be made a climatic modification At a category 3 in accordance with
GOST 15150. Under the agreement it is supposed to make turbogenerators of other executions and
categories.
Rating values of climatic factors of an environment in accordance with GOST 15150 and GOST
15543.1 at:
To height above sea level no more than 1000 m;
The bottom value of temperature of air 5 (for turbogenerators with water or
heat exchangers).
Environment not explosive, not containing aggressive steams and gases in the concentration
destroying metals and isolation, not sated in water steams and a current-carrying dust.
Concentration of a dust should not exceed 10 mg/m3.
4.7 Direction of rotation of turbogenerators should correspond to the turbine and be specified by the
car or in it to the tablet, the sequence of phases by a designation of conclusions in
alphabetic order, for example, U1, Vl, W1 in accordance with GOST 26772 besides, should be specified.
4.8 It is supposed to connect a winding in a star or a triangle, and if connection in a triangle
winding connection in a star means specially is not specified. In any case if another is not provided by
the agreement, the winding should have not less than six conclusions.
4.9 Nominal are those values of a current and pressure of a winding of excitation at which are
provided nominal full capacity, pressure and a power factor at nominal frequency and pressure of
hydrogen (for cars with hydrogen cooling), and the temperature of a winding of excitation
corresponding to temperature of the primary cooling environment for the above-stated conditions of
loading at the maximum temperature of the final cooling environment, specified in the standard
document on the car.
At presence at the car of contact rings the excitation rated voltage includes also a power failure in
the shchetochno-contact device.
4.10 If the agreement does not stipulate other the systems used for windings, on
should be not below a class In in accordance with GOST 8865.
The maximum temperatures of conductors of windings, an active steel and the constructive parts of
the car adjoining to isolation, at long work with loadings should not be till 4.17 above supposed GOST
of 8865 values, according to a class the applied isolation.
Limiting supposed values temperatures or temperatures of active parts in a nominal
mode depending on methods of their measurement should be specified the manufacturer and to be no
more resulted in table 1.
4.11 Design of a winding a turbogenerator identical electric durability of isolation in
front and grooving parts of a winding should be provided.
4.12 Resistance of isolation of windings a turbogenerator concerning the case and
between windings at temperature 1030 should be not more low 10 on each kilovolt of rated
voltage of a winding (at water cooling after a purge and windings air).
For more heats supposed resistance of isolation decreases twice on everyone 20 differences
between temperature at which measurement is carried out, and 30 .
Resistance of isolation of windings in all cases should not be less than 0,5 .
4.13 Isolation of windings should pass test for electric durability concerning the case of the
car and between windings, and also test isolation in accordance with GOST 183
and GOST 11828.
Isolation of a winding of excitation should be tested for electric durability:
- The test pressure equal to tenfold rated voltage, but not less than 1500 In at rated voltage of a
winding of excitation to 500 In;
- The test pressure equal 4000 In, plus the doubled rated voltage at rated voltage of a winding of
excitation over 500 Century
4.14 In the car the measures interfering course of currents and their short circuit
on the earth should be provided.
The turbogenerator bearing, oil consolidation of a shaft and (in cars with
hydrogen cooling), shaft consolidation (in cars with air cooling) from the party opposite
to the turbine, bearings of directly attached activators and , and also water supplies
to a shaft and reducer bearings (if those are available) should be isolated from base
plates and .
The electric resistance of this isolation measured by pressure 1000 In, should be not
less than 1 . Isolation from currents should be executed so that it could be
supervised in the course of car work.
4.15 Rotors of turbogenerators should pass test at the raised frequency of rotation equal of 1,2
nominal frequencies of rotation, within two minutes if other is not established under the agreement.
4.16 Critical frequencies of rotation of a rotor as a part of a turbine unit should not cause emergency
operation at operation, change of frequency of a current in the limits specified in 4.4.
4.17 Manufacturer in the maintenance instruction should result the loading diagramme showing
limits of work of a turbogenerator on jet loading Q depending on active capacity , caused in
admissible temperatures or temperatures, and in necessary cases also static stability of
the car. The diagramme result for an operating mode with nominal pressure, frequency of a current,
temperatures of cooling environments and pressure of hydrogen (for cars with hydrogen cooling).
On heatings in face zones turbogenerators should suppose work with nominal active
loading in a mode of consumption of jet capacity at a power factor equal 0,95.
The typical diagramme is resulted in drawing 2.
Drawing 2
Diagramme borders are defined by following restrictions:
- The curve And corresponds to work with excitation rated current and consequently is characterised
approximately by constant excess of temperature of a winding of a rotor;
- The curve In corresponds to work with rated current and is characterised approximately
by constant excess of temperature of a winding ;
- The curve With shows a limit caused by local heatings in a face zone or static stability of the car,
or a combination of both effects.
To point there corresponds rated power.
Under the agreement between the manufacturer and the customer it is necessary to result as well
other diagrammes for working conditions at deviations of pressure and frequency according to 4.4 and
parametres of the cooling environments differing from the nominal. The generator should work within
diagramme borders under the set conditions on pressure, frequency, to temperatures of cooling
environments and pressure of hydrogen. Work out of borders can lead to reduction of service life of the
car.
4.18 Turbogenerators should without damages and residual deformations to suppose an overload on
a current frequency rate of 1,5 rated currents during:
Two, minutes at indirect cooling of a winding;
One minute at direct (gas or a liquid) winding cooling.
Rotors of turbogenerators should maintain two-multiple rated current of excitation during not less:
4.19 Turbogenerators should suppose long work at asymmetrical loading if currents in phases do
not exceed rating value, and currents of return sequence do not surpass 10 % of rating value of a
current at indirect cooling of a winding of a rotor and 8 % at direct. Rise in temperature of
active parts of cars on 5 is thus supposed.
4.20 Turbogenerators on thermal firmness of a rotor at short-term work in asymmetrical modes
should maintain thermal influences at values of product of a square of a current of return sequence in
2
relative units on a supposed operating time in seconds in an asymmetrical mode not less I 2 t :
30 with for turbogenerators with indirect cooling of windings;
15 with for turbogenerators with indirect cooling of a winding and direct cooling of a
winding of a rotor;
8 with for turbogenerators capacity to 800 inclusive with direct gas or liquid cooling of
windings and a rotor;
6 with for turbogenerators capacity from above 800 with direct hydrogen or liquid cooling
of windings and a rotor.
4.21 Idling with rated voltage at nominal frequency of rotation the factor of telephone harmonics in
linear pressure should not exceed 3 % for turbogenerators capacity to 5000 kw inclusive and 1,5 %-for
cars capacity more than 5000 kw.
4.22 Turbogenerators should maintain without damage sudden short circuits of any kind on winding
conclusions at a rated load and the pressure equal 1,05 nominal, provided that maximum
current in a phase is limited by external means and does not surpass the maximum current in a phase at
sudden three-phase short circuit. Without damage means, that the damages interfering continuation
of operation of the car though some deformations of a winding can take place should not take
place.
If test for sudden short circuit spend by the new car it should be carried out after check of isolation
of a winding on electric durability full test pressure in accordance with GOST 183.
In a case when the generator is intended for work on the general tyres, test for sudden three-phase
short circuit should be spent from an idling mode at rated voltage. Test for sudden short circuit of
turbogenerators, which join a power supply system through the transformer or a reactor (usually with
the help closed ), spend from a mode of idling by the pressure equal of 70 %
nominal, if are not co-ordinated other its lowered value, proceeding from a condition that the current of
short circuit of the generator was same, as well as in case of three-phase short circuit on conclusions of
the transformer or a reactor from a power supply system at work idling with rated voltage.
Turbogenerator consider passed test for sudden short circuit if the car it is possible at once or after
insignificant repair of a winding to include in a network and if the car has passed test of
isolation by the pressure equal of 80 % of test pressure, provided GOST 183 for the new generator.
Insignificant it is considered small repair of fastening of front parts of a winding or the external
insulation layers, not connected with replacement of cores.
The note Is abnormal high currents and the rotating moments can arise in operation in cases of short circuit
close to the generator or switching-off and repeated inclusion of the car at more remote damage, and also at
erroneous synchronisation. If at such modes splashes in the raised currents it is recommended to check up carefully
the car took place, paying special attention on a winding . Before generator introduction in work it is
necessary to eliminate any easing of fastening of a winding in order to avoid its possible damage caused by
vibration; also it is necessary to check up possible deformations , and bolts .
4.23 Standard minimum values of the relation of short circuit () are resulted in 5.3 and 6.5.
Big minimum values can be established or co-ordinated, but thus some increase in the sizes of
max
under the formula
i j
i j
cos
k
(1)
i jk An excitation current at the established three-phase short circuit and at rated current ,
And;
cos a nominal power factor.
4.26 Vibration ( value of vibrating speed) bearings of turbogenerators and
the activators jointed with them in the operating modes provided by this standard, should correspond
to requirements of GOST 25364.
Norms of vibration of the core and front parts of a winding , contact rings of a rotor are
established in specifications on turbogenerators of concrete types.
4.27 Average level of the sound measured on distance 1 m from an external contour of a
turbogenerator and the activator jointed with it, cooled by gas on the opened and closed cycles, or
from an external contour corresponding casings (at their presence), should not
exceed 90 , and in the absence of the electromachine activator for the closed scheme of ventilation
of the generator 85 if under the agreement more rigid norm is not established.
4.28 Degrees of protection provided with covers of turbogenerators with air filling or cooling,
IP54, with hydrogen cooling IP55, contact rings IP23 in accordance with GOST 17494.
4.29 Turbogenerator should keep working capacity after short-term influences of external
mechanical factors (emergency and turbines with failure of vacuum, etc.) on group
M6 of GOST 17516.1 with restriction of the maximum amplitude of acceleration to 4,9 m/s 2 (0,5 g) and
to maintain seismic influence not less than 7 points on a scale MOSCOW TIME-64 (i.e. Amplitude of
acceleration no more than 0,5 g at installation level).
More rigid requirements are established under the agreement
4.30 Greasing of bearings of a turbogenerator and activator directly connected to it should be
carried out under pressure from the oil pump of the turbine.
Oil giving in oil consolidations of a shaft of a turbogenerator with hydrogen cooling should be
5.3 Measured values at rated voltage and rated current should be equal not less:
0,45 for turbogenerators capacity to 80 inclusive;
0,40 for turbogenerators capacity more than 80 to 150 inclusive.
For turbogenerators more than 150 value is established by capacity under the
agreement.
5.4 System of ventilation should be closed. If the opened air system of ventilation in order to avoid
a car overheat the measures preventing pollution of its ventilating channels should be provided is
defined or co-ordinated.
If application of contact rings measures on prevention of pollution of the generator and the activator
a coal dust should be taken is provided.
5.5 Requirements to temperature of a primary coolant, except for the turbogenerators resulted in
rotation by gas turbines, in accordance with GOST 183.
If the maximum temperature of air or air temperature on an exit from a cooler air-water (in case of
its use) differs from 40 admissible temperatures or excess of temperatures define in accordance with
GOST 183.
Special requirements to temperature of a primary coolant for the turbogenerators resulted in rotation
by gas turbines, are stated in 7.3 and 7.6.
5.6 If parametres of cooling water are not specified on concrete type of the car air coolers should be
executed on temperature of cooling water on an input to 32 and working pressure of water not less
than 170 .
Test pressure of air coolers should make not less than 1,5 maximum working pressure of cooling
water and should be enclosed within 15 minutes
If pressure of water in an air cooler is supervised by the gate or other device lowering pressure
attached to a source of water where pressure above working pressure in an air cooler the air cooler
should be executed on more high pressure and it is tested if another is not stipulated, at pressure in 1,5
times above pressure of a source. This raised pressure should be defined the customer or the
manufacturer of the car if the system of water supply of air coolers is included into the complete set of
delivery of the generator.
Air coolers should be executed so that at a conclusion from operation of its one part for clearing the
car could bear, at least, 2/3 (or under the agreement a smaller part) a rated load for a long time without
excess of admissible temperature of elements of the car. In these conditions the temperature of primary
cooling air can exceed settlement value.
5.7 Turbogenerators with air cooling (or filling) should be equipped by system
the sprayed water or inert gas (turbogenerators with the hydrogen cooling, supposing work at air
cooling).
Degree of automation of system establish in specifications on turbogenerators of
concrete types.
At manufacturing of turbogenerators from the materials which are not sustaining combustion that
should be specially confirmed by the manufacturer, system do not establish.
6 Turbogenerators with hydrogen or liquid cooling
6.1 Present section concerns the cars which active parts directly or indirectly cool hydrogen or a
liquid, and also at a combination of both ways of cooling. In some designs other gas, instead of
6.5 Measured values at rated voltage and rated current should be not less:
0,45 for turbogenerators capacity to 200 inclusive;
0,40 """St. 200 800
0,35 """ 800.
With face boards and covers of coolers at use of hydrogen cooling internal explosion of the formed
explosive mix should maintain 6.6 cars Collected the case at atmospheric pressure without danger to
attendants. On request of the customer it is necessary to conduct tests by hydraulic pressure for check
of durability of the case and boards. Such test should be spent at superfluous pressure 800 within
15 minutes
6.7 car insulators at hydrogen cooling should maintain superfluous pressure of gas not
less than 800 .
It is supposed insulators on dielectric durability to test separately from the car. Tests
spend on air during 1 mines at pressure not less than 1,5 multiple test pressure of a winding of the car.
The note - When conclusions have liquid cooling connection of liquid cooling is not obligatory at high-voltage
test.
Requirements to temperature of a primary coolant for the turbogenerators resulted in rotation by gas
turbines, are resulted in 7.3 and 7.8.
6.9 Design of a turbogenerator should allow its use at nominal pressure of gas (superfluous) at
height above sea level to 1000 m.
The note Is supposed work of standard cars with rated power at installation at the height exceeding 1000 m
above sea level provided that the system of gas cooling provides nominal pressure (absolute) a primary coolant
(hydrogen) irrespective of installation height. Thus between the customer and the manufacturer agreements
concerning consolidations of a shaft, the case and auxiliary equipment should be reached.
6.10 For cars with direct cooling the temperature measured by built in gauges, does not define
temperature of a hot point of a winding . Thus, if the maximum temperatures of a coolant on an
exit from the cooled active parts, resulted in table 1, are not exceeded, temperature of a winding do not
consider excessive.
The limit of the supposed temperature of a winding on gauges is intended for the
prevention of excessive heating of isolation from the core. Indications of the built in temperature
gauges can be used for the control of work of system of cooling of a winding.
For turbogenerators with liquid cooling of a winding possibility of the control of
heatings of a winding in each parallel branch of a cooling liquid and the control of temperature of the
core not less than in six points should be provided.
The number of the temperature gauges intended for measurement of temperature of the cooling
liquid on an input in the car, should be not less than two.
With direct cooling of a winding the coolant temperature on an exit from a winding should
be measured in cars, at least, by three temperature gauges, thus gauges should be in direct contact to a
coolant:
At gas cooling of a winding gauges should be established so close from exhaust outlets from cores,
how much it is supposed by rules of electric safety;
At water cooling temperature gauges should be established in pipelines in the case of the car or is so
close from a place of an exit of a coolant from the case, how much it is practically realizable to avoid a
considerable difference between temperature in a point of measurement and temperature at which the
coolant leaves a winding.
6.11 Coolers (, heat exchangers) if it is not stipulated differently, should be
calculated on temperature of entering water to 32 and working superfluous pressure of water not
less than 350 .
Test pressure should be in 1,5 times above the maximum working pressure and is enclosed within
15 minutes
If pressure of water in a cooler supervise by means of the gate or other device lowering pressure
which is connected to system of water supply with pressure more than working pressure in a cooler
coolers if another is not stipulated, should be executed on pressure in system of water supply and are
tested by pressure in 1,5 times big this pressure. The raised pressure in water supply system should be
stipulated the customer or is established by the manufacturer if the system of water supply of coolers is
included into the complete set of delivery of the generator.
In some operational modes, and also at operations of filling of the case by hydrogen or its clearings
of hydrogen, coolers can be exposed to pressure of gas in the absence of pressure of water. Therefore
coolers should be carried out taking into account influence of pressure 800 from gas.
Coolers should be executed so that at switching-off of one section, for example for clearing, the
turbogenerator could is long to bear not less than 2/3 rated loads (under the agreement with the customer a
little smaller loading is supposed) without excess of admissible temperatures of active parts of the car.
At work in this mode the temperature of a primary coolant can be above settlement.
6.12 Turbogenerators should be calculated on application of distillate for cooling of windings
and a rotor with electric specific resistance not less than 2000 at temperature 25
and should suppose short-term decrease in electric specific resistance of distillate to 500 .
6.13 For normal work of the turbogenerators considered in section 6, auxiliary systems (the list of
systems is not considered settling, other systems and devices can be applied also) are required:
- System of gas cooling (hydrogen or other gas) with regulators of the control of pressure of gas in
the car, with maintenance of possibilities of connection to systems of gas supply and gas;
- System of inert gas for a case purge (usually dioxide of carbon or nitrogen). Possibility of
connection of this system to system of gas cooling and safe performance of operations of replacement
of hydrogen Should be provided.
If for removal of inert gas after hydrogen replacement use station system of the compressed air
which connection should be executed so that air got to the car only at operation of removal of inert gas,
for example by use of one rearranged branch pipe;
- Devices for the control and the alarm system of degree of cleanliness of hydrogen in the case, and
also cleanliness of inert gas at operations of replacement of hydrogen. It is necessary to use two
independent means for the control of degree of cleanliness of hydrogen;
- The equipment for the control of condensing oil and, in case of need, for removal from gas and
water oil.
The system emergency the consolidations, joining should be provided
automatically at refusal of the basic system ;
- System (or systems) liquid cooling with pumps, coolers, filters and devices of regulation of
temperature of a cooling liquid.
At hydrogen cooling use water supply system with pumps, devices of regulation
of temperatures of water on an input and hydrogen on an exit;
- Devices for detection of reduction of the expense or the termination of course of a liquid through
windings;
- Devices for measurement of electric conductivity of the liquid used for cooling of a winding, and
1 basic capacity; 2 peak capacity; 3 basic and peak capacities for cars with length of an
active part of the core less than 2,5 m; 4 basic and peak capacities for cars with length of an active
part of the core 2,5 m and more, 5 a rated power point; a scale And temperature of cooling air of
cars with the opened system of cooling, a scale In temperature of a final coolant for cars with the
closed system of cooling at use of air or hydrogen as a primary coolant
Drawing 3
Notes
1 For the generator with heat exchangers is not obligatory reduction of a scale for temperature of a primary
coolant. Two scales for a final coolant are resulted to show forms of diagrammes.
2 At temperatures of a primary coolant more low 10 cars with active length of the core 2,5 m and more
work with the fixed limiting excess of temperature. The small increase in capacity of the generator probably
because because of decrease in the general temperature decreases resistance of a winding.
Basic capacity of the generator in watts, on car EFFICIENCY, should be equal or should
exceed basic capacity of the gas turbine in the co-ordinated range of change of temperature of air on a
turbine input on a place of its installation.
The manufacturer of the generator should give a curve of dependence of basic capacity of the car
for the co-ordinated range of change of temperature of a final coolant on a generator installation site.
Typical curves of loading possibilities of the generator are resulted in drawing 3.
For cars with the opened air system of cooling the coolant temperature is close to air temperature on
an input in the turbine (drawing 3, a scale).
As agreed between the manufacturer and the customer it can be accepted, that below some
stipulated temperature of air basic capacity of the generator is a little bit less than capacity of the
turbine at satisfaction of all other requirements to the generator.
In cars with the closed system of cooling by air or hydrogen at use water the
range of change of temperature of water (a final coolant) usually is less, than a range of change of
temperature of air on a turbine input.
Hence, at decrease in temperature of air increase of capacity of the generator will be smaller, than at
the turbine, and the sizes of the generator will be defined by capacity of the turbine at low temperatures
of air that can lead to unfairly overestimated capacity of the generator at usual temperatures of air.
In these conditions the agreement on restriction of loading ability of the generator gets great value
in an establishment of the optimum sizes of the car.
In cars with the closed system of cooling there is no idle time or constant dependence between air
temperature on an input of the turbine and temperature of cooling water. Therefore in drawing 3
loading ability of the generator is presented depending on temperature of a final coolant (water) on a
scale of Century
Taking into account told between the manufacturer and the customer the agreement on degree of
conformity of loading abilities of the generator and the turbine should be reached.
7.9 For cars with indirect cooling of excess of temperatures at generator work on an installation site
7.12 On the tablet of the car the manufacturer specifies all data according to 12.1 and 12.2, and also
peak capacity at temperature of a primary coolant for which the generator rated power is defined.
7.13 Thermal tests should be spent at a rated load and temperature of a primary coolant for which
the car rated power is defined. It is supposed under the agreement to conduct thermal tests at any
temperature of a primary coolant and corresponding base capacity. Temperature or excess of
temperatures should correspond to requirements 7.9 with the amendment, in case of need, a difference
in heights of an installation site and a place of tests it agree GOST 183.
7.14 At the customer's request generators should suppose work possibility at a detachment from the
turbine in a mode of the synchronous jack. Base and peak capacities in modes of delivery and
consumption of jet capacity at work as the jack should be co-ordinated.
8 Safety requirements
8.1 Turbogenerators should correspond to safety requirements of GOST 12.2.007.0, GOST
12.2.007.1 and GOST 12.1.004, including:
8.1.1. Resistance of isolation of windings of the generator should correspond 4.12
8.1.2. Electric durability case and winding isolation in accordance
with GOST 183. Isolation of a winding of excitation should pass test till 4.13.
8.1.3 In a generator design the measures providing levels of vibration and noise till 4.26 and 4.27
should be provided.
8.1.4 Degrees of protection against a touch to the current carrying and moving parts, provided with
covers, - till 4.28 and GOST 17494.
8.1.5 Contact rings and the device should have a protective casing, and at generators
with hydrogen cooling the constructive measures preventing hit of hydrogen from cases of bearings and
consolidations to contact rings should be provided.
8.1.6 Designs the device and its casing should provide convenience and safety of
replacement of brushes and .
8.1.7 Durability of the case, insulators and elements systems of
generators with hydrogen cooling should correspond to requirements 6.6 and 6.7.
8.1.8 Places of a possible congestion of hydrogen (the case of bearings, protective and decorative
casings) should have natural or independent ventilation.
8.1.9 On the clips which have been put in pawn in the car of thermoconverters of
resistance, located on the generator case, protective rated sportsmen should be established.
Resistance of isolation of chains of thermoconverters of the resistance, measured
pressure 500 In, should be not less than 1 .
8.1.10 Case of the generator, base plates and pipelines of systems of cooling should be supplied by
grounding elements in accordance with GOST 21130. The case should have two elements of
grounding located in opposite places.
Resistance between earthing elements and each metal part accessible to a touch which can appear
energised, should not exceed 0,1 Ohm.
8.1.11 Rotors of turbogenerators should maintain the raised frequency of rotation (4.15) without
residual deformations or signs of other defects of its elements.
8.1.12 Fire safety of the generator and its elements should be provided both in normal, and in
emergency operation
Settlement value of probability of occurrence of a fire in (from) the generator () should not exceed
10-6 in a year in accordance with GOST 12.1.004.
8.2 At tests and measurements it is necessary to carry out safety requirements in accordance with
GOST 12.3.019.
9 Completeness
Into the turbogenerator complete set should enter the equipment and devices of systems of
excitation, cooling systems, consolidations, the control and automatics diagnostics,
spare parts and assembly adaptations in the volume established in specifications on turbogenerators of
concrete types and the agreement.
Operational and repair documentation should be enclosed to the complete set in accordance with
GOST 2.601, GOST 2.602 in the volume established in specifications on turbogenerators of concrete
types co-ordinated with the basic consumer or the customer.
10 Acceptance procedures
10.1 For check and acknowledgement of conformity of turbogenerators and activators this standard
requirements should spend acceptance, qualifying, , certified, periodic and
standard tests.
Acceptance, qualifying, , periodic and standard tests should spend manufacturer
on this standard and GOST 15.001.
The test centre (laboratory) accredited on the right of carrying out of specified tests according to
standard documents should carry out certified tests of turbogenerators.
10.2 tests should be spent on each turbogenerator under the following
program:
- Measurement of resistance of isolation of windings, concerning the case and between windings;
- Measurement of resistance of isolation of the put in pawn thermoconverters of resistance;
- Measurement of resistance of windings at a direct current in a cold condition;
- Measurement of resistance of thermoconverters of resistance at a direct current in a cold
condition;
- Definition of the characteristic of the established three-phase short circuit;
- Test of isolation of windings and a rotor concerning the case and between windings on
electric durability till 4.13:
Definition of the characteristic of idling;
Check of symmetry of pressure;
Rotor test at the raised frequency of rotation;
Measurement of vibration of bearings and contact rings;
Measurement of resistance of isolation of bearings;
Measurement of temperature of oil in bearings;
Absence check short circuits in a rotor winding;
11.1 Test methods of turbogenerators in accordance with GOST 11828, GOST 10169, GOST
25364, GOST 25941, GOST 17494.
On distance of 1 m from an external contour of the car define 11.2 Average level of a sound a
technical method in a free sound field over a plane in accordance with GOST
11929.
11.3 Indicators of reliability of turbogenerators should be confirmed by results of the statistical
data processing, received of operating experience, with periodicity three years.
11.4 Conformity of turbogenerators to firmness requirements to mechanical external influencing
factors (including seismic stability) should be confirmed by calculations in accordance with GOST
17516.1.
11.5 turbogenerators proves to be true calculations in accordance with
GOST 12.1 004.
12 Marks, packing, transportation and storage
12.1 On each turbogenerator with air cooling the tablet in accordance with GOST 12869 and GOST
12971, containing should be strengthened:
- Manufacturer trade mark;
- Turbogenerator type;
- Turbogenerator serial number on system of numbering of manufacturer;
- Nominal active capacity, kw;
- Power factor;
- Rated voltage , In;
- Nominal frequency of rotation, rpm;
- Nominal frequency, Hz;
- Number of phases;
- Rated current , And;
- Rotor rated current, And;
- Rotation direction (if left);
- Year of release;
- This standard designation.
12.2 On the tablet of each turbogenerator with hydrogen or vodorodno-liquid cooling nominal
working superfluous pressure of hydrogen in should be in addition specified.
12.3 On the tablet of the turbogenerators, passed certification, the conformity Sign can be
placed.
12.4 Marks of container in accordance with GOST 14192.
12.5 If other is not co-ordinated, conditions of transportation of assembly units of turbogenerators
regarding influence of mechanical factors "With" in accordance with GOST 23216, and regarding
influence of climatic factors same, as conditions 8 in accordance with GOST 15150.
12.6 Conditions of storage of assembly units of turbogenerators in accordance with GOST 15150
establish in specifications on turbogenerators of concrete types. A period of storage without
represervation 1.
12.7 Packing and preservation of components of a turbogenerator (details and assembly units) - in
accordance with GOST 23216.
13 Manufacturer's guarantees
The manufacturer guarantees conformity of turbogenerators to this standard requirements at
observance of rules of transportation, storage, installation and operation.
The operation warranty period is established under the agreement, but not less than three years from
the date of commissioning by interstate deliveries or 1 year from the date of commissioning and no
more than three years from the moment of passing through Frontier by deliveries of turbogenerators
to export.
APPENDIX A
(Recommended)
Key parametres of turbogenerators to steam turbines
At a rated load
Active
capacity, kw
Frequency
of rotation,
rpm
2500
4000
6000
1200
3200
Pressure, In
3150,6300
6300, 10500
6300
110000
160000
220000
320000
500000
3000
800000
Full capacity,
3125
5000
7500
15000
4000
Power factor
cos
Efficiency, %,
not less
0,8
97,0
97,3
97,4
97,5
98,2
0,85
98,6
550000
0,9
98,7
10500
15750, 18000
15750
20000
20000
137500
188000
258800
376000
588000
98,4
98,5
98,6
24000
888900
111100
1200000
24000
133000
20000
588000
24000
111100
0,47
0,85
0,35
0,45
98,7
0,9
98,75
0,40
0,40
1500
1000000
Active
capacity,
kw
98,8
98,3
24000
38400
69300
75000
121000
176000
242000
352000
550000
880000
800000
1100000
1000000
1320000
78750
1000000
500000
0,50
1100000
1000000
The note-for turbogenerators with hydrogen cooling by capacity of 63000 kw and more at the maximum long loading pressure of hydrogen in the car case can be raised, its value should be specified
in the maintenance instruction