MTECH ASP Question Bank Final R13

MRCET
MALLAREDDY COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL
ENGINEERING
M-TECH AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
M.TECH AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

I YEAR I SEMESTER
QUESTION BANK
CONTENTS
S.No
SUBJECT
PAGE NO
ACADEMIC STRUCTURE
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
14
21
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF FLIGHT

VEHICLES
CONTINUUM MECHANICS
AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
35
AERODYNAMICS OF FLIGHT VEHICLES
40
FUNDAMENTALS OF AEROSPACE
ENGINEERING
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF
FLUID FLOWS
45
MTECH AEROSPACE
27
53
MRCET
M. TECH. (AEROSPACE ENGINEERING)

COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABUS
I Year I Semester
Code
Group
Elective I
Elective II
Lab
I Year II Semester
Code
Group
Elective III
Elective IV
Lab
MTECH AEROSPACE
Subject
Mathematical Modeling
Engineering Analysis of Flight Vehicles
Continuum Mechanics
Air Transportation Systems
Fundamentals of Aerospace Engineering *
Aerodynamics of Flight Vehicles
Flight Vehicle Structures
Air-breathing Propulsion
Aircraft Systems
Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flows
Computational Structural Analysis
Flight Navigation and Surveillance Systems
Airlines Operations and Scheduling
Rotorcraft Aerodynamics
Digital Simulation Lab-I
Seminar
Total Credits
L
3
3
3
3
3
P
0
0
0
0
0
Credits
3
3
3
3
3
0
18
3
3
2
2
22
Subject
Aircraft Control and Simulation
Space Transportation Systems
Computational Approaches to Aerospace Vehicle
Design
Aerospace Sensors and Measurement Systems
Aero-thermodynamics of Hypersonic Flight
Dynamics and Control of Structures
Missile Guidance
Advanced Topics in Air Traffic Management
Systems
Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
Rocket and Spacecraft Propulsion
Mechanics of Composite Materials
Tactical Missile Design
High Angle of Attack Aerodynamics
Optimal Control
Digital Simulation Lab-II
Seminar
Total Credits
L
3
3
3
P
0
0
0
Credits
3
3
3
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
18
3
3
2
2
22
MRCET
II Year I Semester
Code
Group
II Year II Semester
Code
Group
Subject
Comprehensive Viva
Project Seminar
Project work
Total Credits
L
0
-
P
3
3
Credits
2
2
18
22
Subject
Project work and Seminar
Total Credits
L
-
P
-
Credits
22
22
*Fundamentals of Aerospace Engineering

(Required to be taken by all students other than B.Tech Aeronautical/ Aerospace Engineering degree
holders)
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS R13 FOR M. TECH. (REGULAR) DEGREE

COURSE
Applicable for the students of M. Tech. (Regular) Course from the Academic Year 2013-14 and onwards
The M. Tech. Degree of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad shall be conferred on
candidates who are admitted to the program and who fulfil all the requirements for the award of the Degree.
1.0 ELIGIBILITY FOR ADMISSIONS
Admission to the above program shall be made subject to eligibility, qualification and specialization as
prescribed by the University from time to time.
Admissions shall be made on the basis of merit/rank obtained by the candidates at the qualifying Entrance
Test conducted by the University or on the basis of any other order of merit as approved by the University,
subject to reservations as laid down by the Govt. from time to time.
2.0 AWARD OF M. TECH. DEGREE
A student shall be declared eligible for the award of the M. Tech. Degree, if he pursues a course of
study in not less than two and not more than four academic years. However, he is permitted to write the
examinations for two more years after four academic years of course work.
A student, who fails to fulfill all the academic requirements for the award of the degree within four
academic years from the year of his admission, shall forfeit his seat in M. Tech. course.
The student shall register for all 88 credits and secure all the 88 credits.The minimum instruction days in each
semester are 90.
A.
COURSES OF STUDY
The following specializations are offered at present for the M. Tech. course of study.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Advanced Manufacturing Systems

Aerospace Engineering
Automation
Bio-Technology
CAD/CAM
Chemical Engineering
Communication Systems
Computer Networks
Computer Networks and Information Security
Computer Science
Computer Science and Engineering
Computers and Communication Engineering
Control Engineering
Control Systems
Design for Manufacturing/Design and Manufacturing
Digital Electronics and Communication Engineering
Digital Electronics and Communication Systems
Digital Systems and Computer Electronics
Electrical Power Engineering
Electrical Power Systems
Electronics & Instrumentation
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Embedded Systems
Embedded Systems and VLSI Design
Engineering Design
Environmental Engineering
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
Geoinformatics and Surveying Technology

Geotechnical Engineering
Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning
Highway Engineering
Image Processing
Industrial Engineering and Management
Information Technology
Machine Design
Mechatronics
Microwave & Radar Engineering
Nano Technology
Neural Networks
Parallel Computing
Power and Industrial Drives
Power Electronics
Power Electronics and Electrical Drives
Power Engineering and Energy Systems
Power Plant Engineering & Energy Management
Power System Control and Automation
Power System with Emphasis H.V. Engineering/H.V. Engineering
Production Engineering
Real Time Systems
Software Engineering
Structural Engineering
Systems & Signal Processing
Thermal Engineering
VLSI
VLSI and Embedded Systems
VLSI Design
VLSI System Design
Web Technology
Wireless and Mobile Communication
and any other course as approved by the University from time to time.
3.0 B.
Departments offering M. Tech. Programmes with specializations are noted below:

Civil Engg.
EEE
ME
Geotechnical Engineering
Highway Engineering
Structural Engineering
Geoinformatics and Surveying Technology
Environmental Engineering
Control Engineering
Control Systems
Electrical Power Engineering
Electrical Power Systems
Power and Industrial Drives
Power Electronics
Power Electronics and Electrical Drives
Power Engineering and Energy Systems
Power System with Emphasis H.V. Engineering/H.V. Engineering
Power System Control and Automation
Advanced Manufacturing Systems
Automation
CAD/CAM
Design for Manufacturing/Design and Manufacturing
Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning
Industrial Engineering and Management
Machine Design
Mechatronics
Thermal Engineering
Production Engineering
Power Plant Engineering & Energy Management
Engineering Design
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
ECE
CSE
Aeronautical Engg.
Bio-technology
Chemical Engg.
Nano Technology
Communication Systems
Computers and Communication Engineering
Digital Electronics and Communication Engineering
Digital Electronics and Communication Systems
Digital Systems and Computer Electronics
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Electronics & Instrumentation
Embedded Systems
Embedded Systems and VLSI Design
Systems and Signal Processing
VLSI
VLSI and Embedded Systems
VLSI Design
VLSI System Design
Wireless and Mobile Communication
Microwave & Radar Engineering
Computer Networks
Computer Networks and Information Security
Computer Science
Computer Science and Engineering
Image Processing
Information Technology
Neural Networks
Parallel Computing
Real Time Systems
Software Engineering
Web Technology
Aerospace Engineering
Bio-Technology
Chemical Engineering
Nano Technology
4.0 ATTENDANCE
The programs are offered on a unit basis with each subject being considered a unit.
A student shall be eligible to write University examinations if he acquires a minimum of 75% of
attendance in aggregate of all the subjects.
Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10% (65% and above and below 75%) in
each semester shall be granted by the College Academic Committee.
Shortage of Attendance below 65% in aggregate shall not be condoned.
Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in any semester are not eligible to write their end
semester examination of that class and their registration shall stand cancelled.
A prescribed fee shall be payable towards condonation of shortage of attendance.
A student shall not be promoted to the next semester unless he satisfies the attendance
requirement of the present semester, as applicable. They may seek readmission into that semester
when offered next. If any candidate fulfills the attendance requirement in the present semester, he shall not
be eligible for readmission into the same class.
A candidate shall put in a minimum required attendance at least in three (3) theory subjects in the
present semester to get promoted to the next semester. In order to qualify for the award of the M. Tech.
Degree, the candidate shall complete all the academic requirements of the subjects, as per the course
structure.
A student shall not be promoted to the next semester unless he satisfies the attendance
requirements of the previous semester including the days of attendance in sports, games, NCC and NSS
activities.
5.0 EVALUATION
The performance of the candidate in each semester shall be evaluated subject-wise, with a maximum of
100 marks for theory and 100 marks for practicals, on the basis of Internal Evaluation and End
Semester Examination.
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
For the theory subjects 75 marks shall be awarded based on the performance in the End Semester
Examination and 25 marks shall be awarded based on the Internal Evaluation. The internal evaluation
shall be made based on the average of the marks secured in the two Mid Term-Examinations conductedone in the middle of the Semester and the other immediately after the completion of instruction. Each mid
term examination shall be conducted for a total duration of 120 minutes with Part A as one compulsory
question for 10 marks and Part B with 3 questions to be answered out of 5 questions each question for 5
marks. If any candidate is absent from any subject of a mid-term examination, an on-line test will be
conducted for him by the University. End semester examination is conducted for 75 marks with Part A as a
compulsory question for 25 marks and Part B for 50 marks with 5 questions to be answered out of 7
questions.
For practical subjects, 75 marks shall be awarded based on the performance in the End Semester
Examinations and 25 marks shall be awarded based on the day-to-day performance as Internal Marks.
There shall be two seminar presentations during I year I semester and II semester. For seminar, a student
under the supervision of a faculty member, shall collect the literature on a topic and critically review the
literature and submit it to the department in a report form and shall make an oral presentation before the
Departmental Academic Committee consisting of Head of the Department, Supervisor and two other senior
faculty members of the department. For each Seminar there will be only internal evaluation of 50 marks. A
candidate has to secure a minimum of 50% of marks to be declared successful.
There shall be a Comprehensive Viva-Voce in II year I Semester. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce will be
conducted by a Committee consisting of Head of the Department and two Senior Faculty members of the
Department. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce is intended to assess the students understanding of various
subjects he has studied during the M. Tech. course of study. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce is
evaluated for 100 marks by the Committee. There are no internal marks for the Comprehensive Viva-Voce.
A candidate shall be deemed to have secured the minimum academic requirement in a subject if he
secures a minimum of 40% of marks in the End semester Examination and a minimum aggregate of
50% of the total marks in the End Semester Examination and Internal Evaluation taken together.
In case the candidate does not secure the minimum academic requirement in any subject (as specified in
5.5) he has to reappear for the End semester Examination in that subject. A candidate shall be given
one chance to re-register for each subject provided the internal marks secured by a candidate are less than
50% and so has failed in the end examination. In such a case, the candidate must re-register for the
subject(s) and secure the required minimum attendance. The candidates attendance in the re-registered
subject(s) shall be calculated separately to decide upon his eligibility for writing the end examination in those
subject(s). In the event of the student taking another chance, his internal marks and end examination
marks obtained in the previous attempt stand cancelled.
In case the candidate secures less than the required attendance in any subject, he shall not be permitted to
write the End Examination in that subject. He shall re-register the subject when next offered.
Laboratory examination for M. Tech. courses must be conducted with two Examiners, one of them being
the Laboratory Class Teacher and the second examiner shall be another Laboratory Teacher.
6.0
EVALUATION OF PROJECT/DISSERTATION WORK

Every candidate shall be required to submit a thesis or dissertation on a topic approved by the Project
Review Committee.
A Project Review Committee (PRC) shall be constituted with Principal as Chairperson, Heads of all the
Departments offering the M. Tech. programs and two other senior faculty members.
Registration of Project Work: A candidate is permitted to register for the project work after satisfying
the attendance requirement of all the subjects, both theory and practical.
After satisfying 6.2, a candidate has to submit, in consultation with his project supervisor, the title,
objective and plan of action of his project work to the Departmental Academic Committee for approval. Only
after obtaining the approval of the Departmental Academic Committee can the student initiate the Project
work.
If a candidate wishes to change his supervisor or topic of the project, he can do so with the approval
of the Departmental Academic Committee. However, the Departmental Academic Committee shall
examine whether or not the change of topic/supervisor leads to a major change of his initial plans of
project proposal. If yes, his date of registration for the project work starts from the date of change of
Supervisor or topic as the case may be.
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
A candidate shall submit his status report in a bound-form in two stages at least with a gap of 3 months
between them.
The work on the project shall be initiated at the beginning of the II year and the duration of the project is
two semesters. A candidate is permitted to submit Project Thesis only after successful completion of theory
and practical course with the approval of PRC not earlier than 40 weeks from the date of registration of
the project work. For the approval of PRC the candidate shall submit the draft copy of thesis to the
Principal through Head of the Department and make an oral presentation before the PRC.
Three copies of the Project Thesis certified by the supervisor shall be submitted to the
College/School/Institute.
The thesis shall be adjudicated by one examiner selected by the University. For this, the Principal of the
College shall submit a panel of 5 examiners, eminent in that field, with the help of the guide concerned and
head of the department.
If the report of the examiner is not favourable, the candidate shall revise and resubmit the Thesis, in
the time frame as decided by the PRC. If the report of the examiner is unfavourable again, the thesis shall be
summarily rejected.
If the report of the examiner is favourable, Viva-Voce examination shall be conducted by a board
consisting of the Supervisor, Head of the Department and the examiner who adjudicated the Thesis. The
Board shall jointly report the candidates work as one of the following:
A. Excellent
B. Good
C. Satisfactory
D. Unsatisfactory
The Head of the Department shall coordinate and make arrangements for the conduct of Viva- Voce
examination.
If the report of the Viva-Voce is unsatisfactory, the candidate shall retake the Viva-Voce examination
only after three months. If he fails to get a satisfactory report at the second Viva- Voce examination, he will
not be eligible for the award of the degree.
7.0
AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS

After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion of the program and is
eligible for the award of M. Tech. Degree he shall be placed in one of the following four classes:
Class Awarded
% of marks to be secured
First Class with Distinction
70% and above
First Class
Below 70% but not less than 60%
Second Class
Pass Class
The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shown separately in the
memorandum of marks.
8.0 WITHHOLDING OF RESULTS
If the student has not paid the dues, if any, to the university or if any case of indiscipline is pending against
him, the result of the student will be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next semester. His
degree will be withheld in such cases.
8.0 TRANSITORY REGULATIONS
Discontinued, detained, or failed candidates are eligible for admission to two earlier or equivalent subjects
at a time as and when offered.
The candidate who fails in any subject will be given two chances to pass the same subject; otherwise,
he has to identify an equivalent subject as per R13 academic regulations.
10. GENERAL
Wherever the words he, him, his, occur in the regulations, they include she, her, hers.
The academic regulation should be read as a whole for the purpose of any interpretation.
MTECH AEROSPACE
MRCET
In the case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the above rules, the decision of the ViceChancellor is final.
The University may change or amend the academic regulations or syllabi at any time and the changes or
amendments made shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the dates notified by the
University.
MTECH AEROSPACE
10
MRCET
MALPRACTICES RULES
DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR / IMPROPER CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONS
1. (a)
(b)
2.
Nature of Malpractices/Improper
conduct
If the candidate:
Possesses or keeps accessible in
examination hall, any paper, note book,
programmable calculators, Cell phones,
pager, palm computers or any other
form of material concerned with or
related to the subject of the examination
(theory or practical) in which he is
appearing but has not made use of
(material shall include any marks on the
body of the candidate which can be
used as an aid in the subject of the
examination)
Gives assistance or guidance or
receives it from any other candidate
orally or by any other body language
methods or communicates through cell
phones with any candidate or persons
in or outside the exam hall in respect of
any matter.
Has copied in the examination hall from
any
paper,
book,
programmable
calculators, palm computers or any
other form of material relevant to the
subject of the examination (theory or
practical) in which the candidate is
appearing.
3.
Impersonates any other candidate in

connection with the examination.
4.
Smuggles in the Answer book or

additional sheet or takes out
or
arranges to send out the question paper
during the examination or answer book
or additional sheet, during or after the
examination.
Punishment
Expulsion from the examination hall and
cancellation of the performance in that subject
only.

only of all the candidates involved. In case of
an outsider, he will be handed over to the
police and a case is registered against him.

and all other subjects the candidate has
already
appeared
including
practical
examinations and project work and shall not be
permitted to appear for the remaining
examinations of the subjects of that
Semester/year.
The Hall Ticket of the candidate is to be
cancelled and sent to the University.
The candidate who has impersonated shall be
expelled from examination hall. The candidate
is also debarred and forfeits the seat. The
performance of the original candidate who has
been impersonated, shall be cancelled in all
the subjects of the examination (including
practicals and project work) already appeared
and shall not be allowed to appear for
examinations of the remaining subjects of that
semester/year. The candidate is also debarred
for two consecutive semesters from class work
and
all
University
examinations.
The
continuation of the course by the candidate is
subject to the academic regulations in
connection with forfeiture of seat. If the
imposter is an outsider, he will be handed over
to the police and a case is registered against
him.
cancellation of performance in that subject and
all the other subjects the candidate has already
appeared including practical examinations and
project work and shall not be permitted for the
remaining examinations of the subjects of that
and
all
University
examinations.
The
MTECH AEROSPACE
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MRCET
5.
6.
7.
Uses objectionable, abusive

or
offensive language in the answer paper
or in letters to the examiners or writes
to the examiner requesting him to
award pass marks.
Refuses to obey the orders of the Chief
Superintendent/Assistant
Superintendent / any officer on duty or

misbehaves or creates disturbance of
any kind in and around the examination
hall or organizes a walk out or
instigates others to walk out, or
threatens the officer-in charge or any
person on duty in or outside the
examination hall of any injury to his
person or to any of his
relations
whether by words, either spoken or
written or by signs or by visible
representation, assaults the officer-incharge, or any person on duty in or
outside the examination hall or any of
his relations, or indulges in any other
act of misconduct or mischief which
result in damage to or destruction of
property in the examination hall or any
part of the College campus or engages
in any other act which in the opinion of
the officer on duty amounts to use of
unfair means or misconduct or has the
tendency to disrupt the orderly conduct
of the examination.
Leaves the exam hall taking away
answer script or intentionally tears of
the script or any part thereof inside or
outside the examination hall.
8.
Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in

the examination hall.
9.
If student of the college, who is not a

candidate for the particular examination
or any person not connected with the
college indulges in any malpractice or
improper conduct mentioned in clause 6
to 8.

connection with forfeiture of seat.
Cancellation of the performance in that subject.
In case of students of the college, they shall be

expelled
from
examination
halls
and
cancellation of their performance in that subject
and all other subjects the candidate(s) has
(have) already appeared and shall not be
permitted to appear for the remaining
examinations of the subjects of that
semester/year. The candidates also are
debarred and forfeit their seats. In case of
outsiders, they will be handed over to the
police and a police case is registered against
them.

cancellation of performance in that subject and
all the other subjects the candidate has already
project work and shall not be permitted for the
and
all
University
examinations.
The
connection with forfeiture of seat.
already
appeared
including
practical
permitted for the remaining examinations of the
subjects of that semester/year. The candidate
is also debarred and forfeits the seat.
Student of the colleges expulsion from the
examination hall and cancellation of the
performance in that subject and all other
subjects the candidate has already appeared
including practical examinations and project
work and shall not be permitted for the
and forfeits the seat.
Person(s) who do not belong to the
College will be handed over to police and, a
MTECH AEROSPACE
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MRCET
10.
Comes in a drunken condition to the

examination hall.
11.
Copying detected on the basis of

internal evidence, such as, during
valuation or during special scrutiny.
12.
If any malpractice is detected which is

not covered in the above clauses 1 to
11 shall be reported to the University for
further action to award suitable
punishment.
police case will be registered against them.

already
appeared
including
practical
permitted for the remaining examinations of the
subjects of that semester/year.
Cancellation of the performance in that subject
project
work
of
that
semester/year
examinations.
Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators

1.
2.
Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.

Punishment for institutions : (if the squad reports that the college is also involved in
encouraging malpractices)
(i)
A show cause notice shall be issued to the college.
(ii)
Impose a suitable fine on the college.
(iii)
Shifting the examination centre from the college to another college for a specific
period of not less than one year.
MTECH AEROSPACE
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MRCET
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD
I Year M.Tech. AE- I Semester
L P C
3 0 3
MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Aim:
The student shall be introduced to advanced mathematic modeling concepts.
Outcome:
The student will be able mathematically describe the complex phenomena & can attempt solve
using various numerical tools.
UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION TO MODELING AND SINGULAR PERTURBATION
METHODS
Definition of a model, Procedure of modeling: problem identification, model formulation,
reduction, analysis, computation, model validation, Choosing the model, Singular Perturbations:
Elementary boundary layer theory, Matched asymptotic expansions, Inner layers, Nonlinear
oscillations
UNIT-II: VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES AND RANDOM SYSTEMS
Variational calculus: Eulers equation, Integrals and missing variables, Constraints and Lagrange
multipliers, Variational problems: Optics-Fermats principle, Analytical mechanics: Hamiltons
principle, Symmetry: Noethers theorem, Rigid body motion, Random systems: Random
variables, Stochastic processes, Monte Carlo method
UNIT-III: FINITE DIFFERENCES: ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS
ODE: Numerical approximations, Runge-Kutta methods, Beyond Runge-Kutta, PDE:
Hyperbolic equations-waves, Parabolic equations-diffusion, Elliptic equations-boundary values
CELLULAR AUTOMATA AND LATTICE GASES
Lattice gases and fluids, Cellular automata and computing
UNIT- IV: FUNCTION FITTING AND TRANSFORMS
Function fitting: Model estimation, Least squares, Linear least squares: Singular value
decomposition, Non-linear least squares: Levenberg-Marquardt method, Estimation, Fisher
information, and Cramer-Rao inequality, Transforms:Orthogonal transforms, Fourier transforms,
Wavelets, Principal components
FUNCTION FITTING ARCHITECTURES
Polynomials: Pade approximants, Splines, Orthogonal functions, Radial basis functions, Overfitting, Neural networks: Back propagation, Regularization
UNIT-V: OPTIMIZATION AND SEARCH
Multidimensional search, Local minima, Simulated annealing, Genetic algorithms
FILTERING AND STATE ESTIMATION
Matched filters, Wiener filters, Kalman filters, Non-linearity and entrainment, Hidden Markov
models
MTECH AEROSPACE
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MRCET
TEXT BOOK
The Nature of Mathematical Modeling, Neil Gershenfeld, Cambridge University Press, 2006,
ISBN 0-521-57095-6
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Mathematical Models in the Applied Sciences, A. C. Fowler, Cambridge University
Press, 1997, ISBN 0-521-46140-5
2. A First Course in Mathematical Modeling, F. R. Giordano, M.D. Weir and W.P. Fox,
2003, Thomson, Brooks/Cole Publishers
3. Applied Numerical Modeling for Engineers, Donald De Cogan, Anne De Cogan, Oxford
University Press, 1997
Course Coverage Summary for

Mathematical Modelling
TEXT BOOK
TITLE
The Nature of
Mathematical
Modeling
MTECH AEROSPACE
Chapters Units /
in Text Topics
Book
Covered
2-9
1-5
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
Neil
Gershenfeld
Cambridge
University
Press
2006
15
MRCET
R09
Code No: D109117601

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
M. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations September 2010
(Aerospace Engineering)
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
--1.
What are the features to be observed for identifying a singular perturbation

problem? Discuss Prandtls technique for the solution of the boundary value
problem
y + y + y =0,
y(0)= and y(1)=
using the method of asymptotic expansions.
2.
What is a variational principle? Derive Eulers equation for a variational

extremum and illustrate it with an example to find minimum distance between
two points in a plane
3.
Explain the Lax method for the following first order hyperbolic Partial
Differential Equation and conduct the stability analysis.
u / t = - (u / x)
4.
Describe the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for a system of first order ordinary
differential equations, and explain how the step size is chosen based on the
approximation error.
5.
Distinguish between parametric and non-parametric function fitting. Explain the

technique of linear least squares fitting of observation data. Explain when one has
to go for Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique and briefly describe the
principle of SVD.
6.
Define Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) and its corresponding inverse

transform for N-dimensional data vector. Explain the logic involved in enhancing
the computing speed of DFT by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
7.
How are Genetic algorithms different from simulated annealing? Explain the steps
involved in applying genetic algorithm in optimization and search problems.
8.
Explain the differences between Kalman filtering and Weiner filters. Discuss the
steps involved in Extended Kalman filter for non-linear systems.
--ooOoo--
MTECH AEROSPACE
16
MRCET
Code No: C7601

M.Tech I - Semester Examinations, March 2011
(AEROSPACE ENGINEERING)
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1. Discuss the following with examples:
i) Order symbols: Big O and Small o
ii) Asymptotic sequence and asymptotic expansion
iii) Regular perturbation
iv) Singular perturbation
[ 3+3+3+3]
2. State variational principle. Derive Eulers equation for a variational extremum and apply
it to find minimum distance between two points in a plane.
[ 12 ]
3. Describe fourth-order Runge-Kutta approximation for a system of ordinary differential
equations and discuss how to choose step size for desired accuracy in solving a given
problem.
[ 12 ]
4. Explain cellular automata model for a lattice gas and discuss through schematic diagrams
how FHP rule operates in two dimensions on a triangular lattice.
[ 12 ]
5. Define Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) and its corresponding inverse transform
for N-dimensional data vector. Explain the logic involved in enhancing the computing
speed of DFT by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
[ 12 ]
6. Discuss with the help of a schematic diagram the steps involved in applying genetic
algorithms for search and optimization problems.
[ 12 ]
7. Describe a neural network with one hidden layer using a schematic diagram and discuss
the steps involved in building a mathematical model using it
[ 12 ]
8. Explain how extended Kalman filter is used for state estimation of non-linear systems
given measurements of observable quantities.
[ 12 ]
*****
MTECH AEROSPACE
17
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7601

M. Tech I - Semester Examinations, April/May-2012
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1. Discuss the difference between a regular perturbation method and a singular
perturbation method with an example. Discuss Prandtls technique for the solution of
the boundary value problem
y" + y' + y = 0,
y(0) = and y(1) =
using the method of asymptotic expansions.
2. Explain the differences between Newtonian Mechanics and Analytical Mechanics.
Derive Euler-Lagrange equations for a conservative system using Hamiltons
principle and illustrate with an example.
3. Describe cellular automata model for a gas and discuss through diagrams how FHP
lattice gas operates in two dimensions with the help of triangular lattice.
4. Explain the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for a system of first order ordinary
differential equations, and discuss how the step size is chosen.
5. Define Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) and its corresponding inverse
transform for n-dimensional data vector. Discuss the logic involved in enhancing the
computing speed of DFT by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
6. Explain simulated annealing technique used in optimization and search problems.
How is it different from Genetic algorithms?
7. Discuss with help of a diagram the procedure involved in building a mathematical
model using artificial neural networks.
8. How is a Kalman filter different from a Weiner filter? Discuss the steps involved in
Kalman filter for linear systems with the help of a schematic diagram.
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
18
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
19
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
20
MRCET

M. Tech I Year I Sem. Aerospace Engg.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF FLIGTHT VEHICLES
Aim:
The student shall be introduced to the advanced engineering analysis aspects of flight vehicles.
Outcome:
The student will be in a position to take up some specific tasks in flight vehicle engineering
analysis.
UNIT-I: THE MORPHOLOGY OF FLIGHT VEHICLES
Introduction, Key factors affecting vehicles configuration, Some representative flight vehicles.
UNIT-II: EQUATIONS OF MOTION FOR RIGID FLIGHT VEHICLES
Definitions, Vector and Scalar realizations of Newtons second law, The tensor of inertia, Choice
of vehicle axes, Operation of the vehicle relative to the ground; flight determination,
Gravitational terms in the equations of motion, The state vector.
INTRODUCTION TO VEHICLE AERODYNAMICS
Aerodynamics contributions to X, Y and M, dimensionless coefficients defined, equations of
perturbed longitudinal motion.
UNIT-III: AIRCRAFT DYNAMICS
Equations of Motion of Aircraft including forces and moments of control surfaces, Dynamics of
control surfaces
STATIC STABILITY, TRIM STATIC PERFORMANCE AND RELATED SUBJECTS
Impact of stability requirements on design and longitudinal control, Static performance
UNIT-IV: DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF SPACECRAFT WITH RESPECT TO NONROTATING PLANETS
Introduction, Numerical integration of ordinary differential equations, Simplified treatment of
boost from a non-rotating planet, An elementary look at staging, Equations of boost from a
rotating planet.
UNIT-V: DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF SPACECRAFT
Equations of Motion of Launch Vehicles with respect to a rotating planet, Motion of Spacecraft
with respect to a rotating planet.
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE-ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY
Equation of motion, Approximate analysis of gliding entry into a planetary atmosphere.
MTECH AEROSPACE
21
MRCET
Course Coverage Summary

ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF FLIGHT VEHICLES
TEXT
BOOK
TITLE
Engineering
Analysis of
Flight
Vehicles,
MTECH AEROSPACE
Chapters Units /
in Text Topics
AUTHOR
Book
Covered
1,2,3,6,
7,8,9,11
1-5
Holt
Ashley
22
PUBLISHERS
Dover
Publications
EDITION
& YEAR
1992
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7602

M.Tech I - Semester Examinations, March/April 2011

Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
---
1.
Explain the major factors affecting the configuration of a reusable space transport
vehicle.
[12]
2.
Starting from the six degrees of freedom equations of motion of a rigid body
under the effect of moments about X, Y and Z axes, in terms of, derive the
equations in terms of the Inertia tensor.
[12]
3.
Derive the equation for flow turning angle in Prandtl -Meyer expansion of a
supersonic flow.
[12]
4.
Starting from the equations of motion of a rigid body acted upon by forces along
the three body axes, derive the perturbation equations of motion.
[12]
5.
Explain Elevator Hinge Moment and Stick Force to trim.
6.
Derive the equation for acceleration of a rocket in field-free space including the
effect of drag.
[12]
7.
A two stage rocket is launched vertically from a place on the equator under the
following conditions. Specific impulse, propellant fractions are 200 seconds and
0.9 respectively for both the stages. Mass of each motor at launch is 1000 kg and
the payload mass is 100 kg. Compute the velocity of the rocket, considering the
earth rotational velocity.
[12]
8.
Derive the equation for the flight path angle of a lifting re-entry vehicle.
[12]
[12]
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
23
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7602

M.TECH I SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY 2012
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Compare and contrast the external configurations of a subsonic and a supersonic

aircraft with the help of neat sketches.
2.
Derive the equations of motion of an aircraft symmetrical about the plane passing
through the longitudinal and yaw axes. The sketches should be neat and the
symbols used should be explained very clearly.
3.(a)
Describe the aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft and the vehicle parameters
that influence the magnitudes of these forces.
(b) Explain the variations of the aerodynamic forces and moments occurring on an
airfoil as the relevant parameters vary.
4.
State the equations of motion of an aircraft, and from them, derive the small
perturbation equations of motion in longitudinal plane.
5.(a)
(b)
Explain the forces and moments acting on an aircraft in the pitch plane.
Derive an expression for the elevator deflection angle required to ensure a
trimmed flight in longitudinal plane.
6.
Explain, in the case of a vehicle boosting from a non-rotating planet,

(a) Thrust and characteristic velocity,
(b) Change in speed,
(c) Effect of gravity,
(d) Loss due to drag.
7.
Derive the equations of motion of a rocket lifting from the earth, considering the
effect of angular velocity of the earth.
8.
Define non-dimensional altitude used to define the density of earths atmosphere.

With the help of this, derive the equations of motion of a reentry body.
****
MTECH AEROSPACE
24
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
25
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
26
MRCET

CONTINUUM MECHANICS
Aim:
The student shall be given the in depth understanding of continuum mechanics as applicable to
aerospace structures.
Outcome:
The student will be solve complex problems in fluid structure interactions in continuum frame
work.
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION, VECTORS AND TENSORS
Background and Overview, Vector Algebra - Definition of a Vector, Scalar and Vector Products,
Plane Area as a Vector, Components of a Vector, Summation Convention, Transformation Law
for Different Bases; Theory of Matrices - Definition, Matrix Addition and Multiplication of a
Matrix by a Scalar, Matrix Transpose and Symmetric Matrix, Matrix Multiplication, Inverse and
Determinant of a Matrix; Vector Calculus - Derivative of a Scalar Function of a Vector, The del
Operator, Divergence and Curl of a Vector, Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinate Systems,
Gradient, Divergence and Curl Theorems; Tensors- Dyads and Polyads, Nonion Form of a
Dyadic, Transformation of Components of a Dyadic, Tensor Calculus, Eigenvalues and
Eigenvectors of Tensors
UNIT II: KINEMATICS OF CONTINUA
Introduction, Description of Motion- Configurations of a Continuous Medium, Material
Description, Spatial Description, Displacement Field; Analysis of Deformation- Deformation
gradient tensors, Isochoric, Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Deformations, Change of volume
and surface; Strain Measures- Cauchy-Green deformation tensors, Green Strain tensor, Physical
Interpretation of the Strain Components, Cauchy and Euler Strain Tensors, Principal Strains;
Infinitesimal Strain Tensor and Rotation Tensor- Infinitesimal Strain Tensor, Physical
Interpretation of Infinitesimal Strain Tensor Components, Infinitesimal Rotation Tensor,
Infinitesimal Strains in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinate Systems; Rate of Deformation and
Vorticity Tensors- Definitions, Relationship between D and E, .Polar Decomposition Theorem,
Compatibility Equations, Change of Observer- Material Frame Indifference.
UNIT III: STRESS MEASURES
Introduction, Cauchy Stress Tensor and Cauchys Formula, Transformation of Stress
Components and Principal Stresses- Transformation of Stress Components, Principal Stresses
and Principal Planes, Maximum Shear Stress. Other Stress Measures - Preliminary Comments,
First Piola- Kirchhoff Stress Tensor, Second Piola- Kirchhoff Stress Tensor, Equations of
Equilibrium.
CONSERVATION OF MASS, MOMENTA AND ENERGY
Introduction, Conservation of Mass - Preliminary Discussion, Material Time Derivative,
Continuity Equation in Spatial Description, Continuity Equation in Material Description
,Reynolds Transport Theorem. Conservation of Momenta - Principle of Conservation of Linear
Momentum, Equation of Motion in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates, Principle of
Conservation of Angular Momentum, Thermodynamic Principles - Introduction, The First Law
of Thermodynamics: Energy Equation, Special Cases of Energy Equation, Energy Equation for
One-Dimensional Flows , The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
MTECH AEROSPACE
27
MRCET
UNIT IV: CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS

Introduction, Elastic Solids - Generalized Hookes Law, Material Symmetry, Monoclinic
Materials, Orthotropic Materials, Isotropic Materials, Transformation of Stress and Strain
Components, Nonlinear Elastic Constitutive Relations, Constitutive Equations for Fluids - Ideal
Fluids, Viscous Incompressible Fluids, Non-Newtonian Fluids, Heat Transfer - General
Introduction, Fouriers Heat Conduction Law, Newtons Law of Cooling, Stefan-Boltzmann
Law, Electromagnetics - Maxwells Equation, Constitutive Relations.
LINEARIZED ELASTICITY
Governing Equations, The Navier Equations, The Beltrami-Michell Equations, Types of
Boundary Value Problems and Superposition Principle. Clapeyrons theorem and Reciprocity
Relations - Clapeyrons theorem, Bettis Reciprocity Relations, Maxwells Reciprocity Relation,
Solution Methods, Types of Solution Methods, Example: Rotating Thick Walled Cylinder; TwoDimensional Problems, Airy Stress Function, End Effects: Saint-Venants Principle, Torsion of
Noncircular Cylinders. Principle of Minimum Total Potential Energy - Total Potential Energy
Principle, Derivation of Naviers Equations, Castiglians Theorem I . Hamiltons PrincipleHamiltons Principle for a Rigid Body, Hamiltons Principle for a Continuum
UNIT V: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
Governing Equations- Preliminary Comments, Summary of Equations, Viscous Incompressible
Fluids, Heat Transfer; Fluid Mechanics Problems - Inviscid Fluid Statics, Parallel Flow (NavierStokes Equations), Problems with Negligible Convective Terms; Heat Transfer Problems- Heat
Conduction in a Cooling Fin, Axisymmetric Heat Conduction in a Circular Cylinder, TwoDimensional Heat Transfer, Coupled Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer
LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY
Preliminary Comments- Initial Value Problem, the Unit Impulse, and the Unit Step Function,
The Laplace Transform Method, Spring and Dashpot Models - Creep Compliance and
Relaxation Modulus, Maxwell Element , Kelvin-Voigt Element, Three-Element Models , FourElement Models , Integral Constitutive Equations, Hereditary Integrals, Hereditary Integrals for
Deviatoric Components, The Correspondence Principle, Elastic and Viscoelastic Analogies
TEXT BOOK
1. An Introduction to Continuum Mechanics, J.N. Reddy, Cambridge University Press, 2007
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Continuum Mechanics, George. E. Mase, Schaums Outline Series, McGraw-Hill Book
Company, 1969
2. Continuum Mechanics, Ellis H. Dill, CRC Press, 2006
3. Continuum Mechanics for Engineers, Second Edition, George E. Mase, G.Thomas Mase
CRC Press,1999
4. Computational Continuum Mechanics, Ahmed A. Shabana, Cambridge University Press,
2008
5. Introduction to Computational Mechanics, Fourth Edition, W. Michael Lai, David Rabin
and Erhard krempl, .Elsevier Inc, 2010
6. Introduction to the Mechanics of a Continuous Medium, Lawrence E. Malvern, PrenticeHall, 1969
7. A First Course in Continuum Mechanics, Y. C. Fung, Prentice Hall, 1994
MTECH AEROSPACE
28
MRCET
Course Coverage Summary for

CONTINUUM MECHANICS
TEXT
BOOK
TITLE
An
Introduction
to Continuum
Mechanics
MTECH AEROSPACE
Chapters
in Text
Book
Units /
Topics
Covered
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
1-9
1-5
J.N. Reddy
Cambridge
University Press
2007
29
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7603

M.Tech I Semester Examinations March/April-2011
CONTINUUM MECHANICS
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Derive the equations of Equilibrium for 3D element subjected to normal and

shear stresses causing deformation? Express the conditions of Equilibrium for
plane stress.
[12]
2.
A cantilever beam of length L and depth 2h is in a state of plane stress subjected

to uniformly distributed load, having unit thickness. Show that the stress
function Ax2 Bx2 y cy3 D 5x2 y3 y5 is valid for the beam and evaluate
the constants A, B, C and D.
[12]
3.a)
b)
Define Continuum Mechanics and explain its various engineering applications.

Explain the strain displacement relations with the help of 3D element under
deformation.
[12]
4.
Derive the equation for stresses on a 2D inclined plan in a 2D stress system.

Also derive the conditions for principal stresses, and Maximum shear stress. [12]
5.
Given the following stress field in a body in Equilibrium and referred to spherical
coordinate system
Where A, B, C constants, determine if the stress field satisfies the equilibrium

equations when the body forces are zero and all other stresses are zero.
[12]
6.a)
b)
Explain Reynolds transport theorem.

Explain the principle of conservation of linear momentum and angular momentum
with illustrations.
[12]
7.a)
b)
Explain various modes of heat transfer.

Explain Fouriers heat conduction law with the help of composite walls.
8.a)
b)
Derive the Navier-Stokers Equations for laminar viscous flow.

Using Navier-stokes Equation, establish the equation for maximum velocity
through a pipe. Also find the head loss due to friction.
[12]
[12]
--oOo--
MTECH AEROSPACE
30
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7603

M.TECH I SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS APRIL/MAY-2012
CONTINUUM MECHANICS
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.a)
b)
Establish the following identity using the index notation:

div (A x B) = x A . B - x B . A
For an arbitrary second order tensor S, determine the expression for x S.
2.
Derive the expressions for the components of Green Lagrange strain tensor in
cylindrical coordinate system.
3.
The components of a stress dyadic at a point, referred to the Cartesian system, are
Find the principal stress and the principal plane associated with the maximum stress.
4.
Derive the energy equation for one-dimensional flow.
5.
Derive the Newtonian constitutive equation for stress tensor in a fluid motion.
6.
Derive Michells equations for an elastic system.
7.
Derive the Navier Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinate system.
8.
Write short notes on

Maxwell element
Creep response
Kelvin Voigt element.
a)
b)
c)
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
31
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
32
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
33
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
34
MRCET

Aim & Objectives:
The subject will introduce the air transportation systems in advanced level.
Outcome:
The student with acquire the operational knowledge of air transport.
UNIT I: THE AVIATION INDUSTRY
Introduction, history of aviation - evolution, development, growth, challenges. The aerospace
industry, airline industry structure and economic characteristics
UNIT II: AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS OBJECTIVES, CONSTRAINTS
Air transportation systems objectives, environment, operational constraints - statutory
compliance with safety, security and environmental regulations, financial viability demand,
costs, efficiency and effectiveness, compatibility with operational infrastructure aircraft,
airports, facilities, equipment, crew and personnel, the atmosphere, air space..
STRATEGIES TO MEET OBJECTIVES
Analysis, understanding, forecasting, planning, marketing, management of resources. Adoption
of improved technologies, optimal operational procedures, synthesis, implementation
UNIT III: THE SYSTEM ELEMENTS AIRCRAFT
The system elements the aircraft, airlines, airports, airspace. Aircraft - costs, compatibility with
objectives, and operational infrastructure, direct and indirect operating costs, safety, security,
efficiency and effectiveness.
AIRLINES OBJECTIVES, PLANNING, OPERATIONS PROCEDURES
Route selection and development, fleet planning and acquisition, airline schedule development,
fleet assignment, aircraft routing, gate assignment, flight operations - irregular operations,
schedule recovery and robustness. Maintenance of aircraft and equipment. Airline operating
costs and measure of productivity.
UNIT IV: AIRPORTS
Airports - demand, siting, runway characteristics, capacity, pavement strength, maneuvering
area, aprons, passenger terminals, safety, security. Airport operations . Airport demand,
capacity and delays
UNIT V: AIRSPACE
Airspace management Communication, navigation, surveillance systems - categories of
airspace, sectors, separation minima, capacity, demand, delay. The ATC systems - evolution,
equipment and operations. ICAO future air navigation systems
CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE Coping with future changes. Critical issues and prospects
for airline industry
MTECH AEROSPACE
35
MRCET
TEXT BOOKS
1. The Air Transport System, Hirst, M.,Woodhead Publishing Ltd, (also AIAA), 2008,
ISBN-13: 978 1845693251.
2. Airline Operations and Scheduling, Bazargan, M.,Ashgate, 2004, ISBN 075463616X.
3. Air Transportation A Management Perspective, Wensveen,J.G., Ashgate, 2007, ISBN
978-0-7546-7171-8.
4. Global Airline Industry, Belobaba, P. et al., AIAA,2009.

AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEM
TEXT
BOOK
TITLE
Chapters
in Text
Book
Units /
Topics
Covered
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
The Air
Transport
System
1-8
1-5
Hirst, M
Woodhead
Publishing Ltd
2008
MTECH AEROSPACE
36
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7604

Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Discuss through a diagram the series of traffic management phases that an aircraft
is subjected to and how they help in making an assessment of Air Traffic
Management System (ATM).
[12]
2.
Describe with a test case the types of disruptions that affect the air carriers. [12]
3.
Explain the ATM Interaction Architecture stating assumptions involved.
4.
Describe the modeling aspects of departure and arrival processes at airports using
queuing theory.
[12]
5.
Discuss with the help of diagrams the safety feedback based ATM design and
ATM safety iceberg used in accident risk assessment for advance air traffic
management.
[12]
6.
Explain why humans are necessary in Air Traffic Management.
7.
What are the tools used for the assessment of the wake vortex induced accident
and incident risks? Discuss flight path evolution model.
[12]
8.
Describe the geometric approaches used for conflict prediction of aircraft

trajectories in Air Traffic Management and discuss their limitations.
[12]
[12]
[12]
*****
MTECH AEROSPACE
37
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7604

Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Comment on the oligopolistic nature of the airline industry and give points to
support your comments.
2.
Explain the challenges faced by the air transportation industry in meeting the
requirements of the market and focus on the strategies followed to overcome these
challenges.
3.
Explain the operational aspects of an Airline and Airport. What are the major
hurdles in their development? Discuss.
4.
What are the characteristics of good operable runway? Discuss.
5.a)
b)
Define communication, navigation and surveillance systems.

Write a short note on ICAO future air navigation system.
6.
Discuss how the maintenance of an aircraft is carried out. Briefly explain the
importance of D check.
7.
Focus on the critical issues which constrain the growth of aerospace industry and
how they are handled.
8.
Discuss the factors to be considered during airline scheduling.

******
MTECH AEROSPACE
38
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
39
MRCET

I Year M.Tech., AE- I Semester
(ELECTIVE-I)
Aim:
The student shall be taught advanced concepts in aero dynamics of flight vehicles.
Outcome:
The student will able tackle complex aero dynamics problems.
UNIT-I: AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AIRFOILS: Vortex sheet, Vortex
sheet in thin-airfoil theory, Planar wing, Properties of symmetrical airfoil, Properties of
cambered airfoil, Flapped airfoil, Numerical Solution of thin airfoil problem, Airfoil of arbitrary
thickness and camber
UNIT-II: THE FINITE WING: Flow fields around finite wings, Downwash and induced drag,
Fundamental equations of finite-wing theory, Elliptical lift distribution, Arbitrary circulation
distribution, Twisted wing: Basic and Additional lift, Approximate calculation of additional lift,
Winglets, Stability and trim of wings, Higher approximations, The complete airplane,
Interference effects,
AIRFOILS IN COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS: Boundary conditions, Airfoils in subsonic flow:
Prandtl-Glauert transformation, Critical Mach number, Airfoils in transonic flow, Airfoils in
supersonic flow
UNIT-III: WINGS AND WING-BODY COMBINATIONS IN COMPRESSIBLE FLOW:
Wings and bodies in compressible flows: Prandtl-Glauert-Goethert transformation, Influence of
sweepback, Design rules for wing-fuselage combinations
LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYER IN COMPRESSIBLE FLOW: Conservation of energy in
the boundary layer, Rotation and entropy gradient in the boundary layer, Similarity
considerations for compressible boundary layers, Solution of energy equation for Prandtl number
unity, Temperature recovery factor, Heat transfer versus skin friction, Velocity and temperature
profiles and skin friction, Effects of pressure gradient
UNIT-IV: FLOW INSTABILITIES AND TRANSITION FROM LAMINAR TO
TURBULENT FLOW: Gross effects, Reynolds experiment, Tollmien-Schlichting instability
and transition, Natural laminar flow and laminar flow control, Stability of vortex sheets,
Transition phenomenon, Methods for experimentally detecting transition, Flow around spheres
and circular cylinders
UNIT-V:
TURBULENT FLOWS: Description of turbulent field, Statistical properties, Conservation
equations, Laminar sub-layer, Fully developed flows in tubes and channels, Constant-pressure
turbulent boundary layer, Turbulent drag reduction, Effects of pressur gradient, Stratford
criterion for turbulent separation, Effects of compressibility on skin friction, Reynolds analogy:
Heat transfer and temperature recovery factor, Free turbulent shear flows
MTECH AEROSPACE
40
MRCET
AIRFOIL DESIGN, MULTIPLE SURFACES, VORTEX LIFT, SECONDARY FLOWS,

VISCOUS EFFECTS: Airfoil design for high C l max , Multiple lifting surfaces, Circulation
control, Streamwise vorticity, Secondary flows, Vortex lift strakes, Flow about threedimensional bodies, Unsteady lift

Elective-I
TEXT BOOK
TITLE
Foundations of
Aerodynamics:
Bases of
Aerodynamic
Desig
MTECH AEROSPACE
Chapters
in Text
Book
4-19
Units /
Topics
Covered
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
1-5
Arnold M.
Kuethe and
ChuenYen Chow
John Wiley &

Sons, Inc.
Fifth
Edition,
1997
41
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7606

Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Discuss the properties of symmetric and cambered airfoils. Compare the

circulation distribution and aerodynamic characteristics of symmetric and
cambered airfoils.
[12]
2.
Prove that elliptic distribution of lift over a finite wing yields minimum induced
[12]
drag.
3.
Compare the subsonic and supersonic airfoils and their

characteristics.
4.
Discuss Prandtl Glauert Goethert transformation.
5. a)
Derive Croccos relation
aerodynamic
[12]
[12]
and
b)
Discuss the solution of energy equation for Prandtl number unity.
[12]
6.
Briefly discuss:
a)
Compressibility, turbulence and noise and Centrifugal instability.
b)
Flow around spheres and circular cylinders.
[12]
7.
Discuss fully developed flows in tubes and channels.
[12]
8.
Discuss airfoil design for maximum lift coefficient.
[12]
*****
MTECH AEROSPACE
42
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7606

M. TECH. I SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY-2012
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1.
Prove that the velocity induced in the region surrounding a doubly infinite vortex
sheet of constant strength satisfies equation of continuity everywhere in that
region.
2.a)
b)
Derive the fundamental equation of finite wing theory.

State and explain Biot - Savart law and Helmholtzs theorem.
3.a)
b)
Derive velocity potential equation for a subsonic flow over an airfoil.

Explain, briefly, the concept of critical Mach number for an airfoil. Derive the
expression for the coefficient of pressure over an airfoil,
Explain all the terms used, clearly
4.
Write Notes on:
a) Prandtl - Glauert transformation,

b) Area rule for transonic flow,
c) Effect of sweep back angle.
5.a)
b)
Explain the flow in the boundary layer including entropy gradient.

Compare the incompressible and compressible boundary layers.
6.a)
Explain transition in the context of boundary layers. What are the different
methods available for experimentally detecting transition?
Describe Tollmien Schlichting instability.
b)
7.
What is a turbulent flow? What are its properties?
8.a)
b)
Define and explain vorticity and streamwise vorticity.

Derive an expression for the velocity over a sphere.
*****
MTECH AEROSPACE
43
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
44
MRCET

FUNDAMENTALS OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
(ELECTIVE-I)
Aim: To impart fundamental and advanced aspects of aerospace engineering to non B. Tech
aeronautical engineering students.
Outcome: The non B. Tech aeronautical engineering students will gain insights to various
aspects of aircraft structures flight systems and flight mechanics.
UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION TO AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS: Historical
Perspective of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Anatomy of the Airplane, Anatomy of a Space
Vehicle, Aerodynamic forces, Parameters affecting aerodynamic forces: Dimensional analysis;
Theory and experiment: wind tunnels, Atmosphere: Properties of U.S. standard atmosphere,
Definitions of altitude,
UNIT-II:
ONE
DIMENSIONAL
FLOWS
IN
INCOMPRESSIBLE
AND
COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS: Continuity equation, Bernoullis equation, Application of
Bernoullis equation: Airspeed indicators and wind tunnels, One-dimensional compressible flow
concepts, Speed of sound, Compressible flow equations in a variable-area stream tube,
Application to airspeed measurement, Applications to channels and wind tunnels
TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW AND FINITE WING: Limitations of one-dimensional flow
equations, Theory of lift: circulation, Airfoil pressure distribution, Helmholtz vortex theorems,
Simulating the wing with a vortex line, Downwash, Elliptic lift distribution, Lift and drag:
momentum and energy, Slope of finite wing lift curve, Verification of Prandtl wing theory,
Additional effects of wing vortices, Search for reduced induced drag
UNIT-III:
VISCOUS EFFECTS, TOTAL DRAG DETERMINATION AND HYPERSONIC FLOWS:
Boundary layer, Boundary layer on bluff bodies, Creation of circulation, Laminar and turbulent
boundary layers: skin friction, Nature of Reynolds number, Effect of turbulent boundary layer on
separation; Parasite drag, Drag due to lift, Importance of aspect ratio; Prediction of drag
divergence Mach number, Sweptback wings, Total drag, Supersonic flow: shock waves and
Mach waves, Supersonic wing lift and drag, Area rule, Supersonic aircraft, Hypersonic flows:
Temperature effects, Newtonian theory
AIRFOILS, WINGS AND HIGHLIFT SYSTEMS: Early airfoil development, Modern
airfoils, Supersonic airfoils, Airfoil pitching moments, Effects of sweepback on lift, airfoil
characteristics, Airfoil selection and wing design; Airfoil maximum lift coefficient, Leading and
trailing edge devices, Effect of sweepback, Deep stall, Effect of Reynolds number, Propulsive
lift
UNIT-IV:
AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE, STABILITY AND CONTROL: Level flight performance,
Climb performance, Range, Endurance, Energy-state approach to airplane performance, Takeoff
performance, Landing performance; Static longitudinal stability, Dynamic longitudinal stability,
Dynamic lateral stability, Control and Maneuverability: turning performance, Control systems,
Active controls
MTECH AEROSPACE
45
MRCET
UNIT-V: AEROSPACE PROPULSION AND AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES: Aerospace

Propulsion: Piston engines, Gas turbines, Speed limitations of gas turbines: ramjets, Propellers,
Overall propulsion efficiency, Rocket engines, Rocket motor performance, Propulsion-airframe
integration; Aircraft structures: Importance of structural weight and integrity, Development of
aircraft structures, Importance of fatigue, Materials, Loads, Weight estimation
ROCKET TRAJECTORIES, ORBITS AND REENTRY: Rocket trajectories, Multistage
rockets, Escape velocity, Circular orbital or satellite velocity, Elliptical orbits, Orbital
maneuvers, Atmospheric entry: ballistic entry and lifting entry, Entry heating.

Elective-I
TEXT
BOOK
TITLE
Chapters
in Text
Book
Units /
Topics
Covered
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
Introduction
to Flight
1-6 & 9
1, 4 & 5
John D.
Anderson,
Jr
Tata McGrawHill Publishing

Company
Fifth
Edition,2007
Fundamentals
of
Aerodynamics
4,5&11
2&3
John D.
Anderson,
Jr
Tata McGrawHill Publishing

Company
Fifth
Edition,2007
MTECH AEROSPACE
46
MRCET
R09
Code No: D109117605
M.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations March/April 2010
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1. What are various parts of an aero plane and give the functioning
of control surfaces? How are aero dynamic forces developed on an
aero plane? Describe the parameters affecting these aero dynamic
forces through dimensional analysis.
2. Derive the compressible flow equations in a variable area stream tube.
A DC-10 is crusing at its assigned mach number of 0.85. The outside
air temperature is 232K. At a given point on the upper surface of
the wing the pressure measured is 20,100N/m2. The temperature at
this point is 221K. What is the lift force, pressure, density and true
speed of airplane?
3. State Helmholtz vortex theorems. Applying these theorems on to
flow over a wing calculate induced drag coefficient for an elliptical
lift distribution?
4. Discuss in detail about
a. Boundary layer formation on bluff bodies
b. Importance of aspect ratio & its effect on aerodynamic forces.
5. Write a short note on
a) Development of airfoils
b) Airfoil selection & wing design
c) Leading & trailing edge devices
d) Propulsive lift.
6. How do you calculate range and endurance of an airplane?
7. Explain about various types of propulsion systems used in aircraft
and compare the working of piston engine and turbojet engine?
8. Discuss in detail about orbital maneuvers and atmospheric entry. A
satellite is to be boosted to an orbital altitude of 500Km. What is
orbital velocity & orbital period?
**********
MTECH AEROSPACE
47
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7605

Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Explain the variation of temperature with altitude. Define various altitudes and
give the relationships between them. Calculate the pressure, pressure ratio,
temperature, density & density ratio at an altitude of 14 km.
[12]
2.
Starting from continuity equation derive Bernoullis equation and explain its
application in air speed indicators and wind tunnels. A wind tunnel located at a
pressure altitude of 500 meters ( = 1.1674 kg/m3, p = 95472 N/m2), has a
circular test section with 3 meter diameter. The air speed is 80 m/sec in the test
section, which is vented to the ambient atmosphere. The air speed in the larger
diameter section just upstream of the contraction is 16 m/sec. Calculate upstream
diameter, dynamic pressure in the test section, upstream pressure and height of
mercury column.
[12]
3.
Explain in detail about vortex flow and generation of lift through circulation.
[12]
4.
Describe about supersonic flow and temperature effect of hypersonic flow?

[12]
5.
Discuss in detail about:

a) Leading & trailing edge devices.
b) Deep stall.
c) Effect of sweep back on maximum lift.
d) Airfoil selection & wing design.
[12]
6.
Describe about stability and control of an airplane and give the conditions for
static longitudinal stability. Also explain about static margin and neutral point.
[12]
7.
What are the structural elements and materials used in the construction of an
aircraft?
[12]
8.
Explain in detail about elliptical orbits & Keplers laws of planetary motion.
[12]
MTECH AEROSPACE
48
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7605

M.Tech I Semester Examinations October/November-2011
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1. a) Define the Standard Atmosphere and Altitude. Obtain a relation between
Geopotential and Geometric altitudes.
(6)
b) Write a detailed note on anatomy of the airplane, with a clear description of various
lift devices incorporated in its design.
(6)
2. a)
b)
3. a)
b)
4. a)
b)
5. a)
b)
6.
Explain the basic principles of measurement of air speed employing a pitot-static

tube.
(6)
Obtain compressible flow equations in a stream line tube with variable area. (6)
State Helmholtz vortex theorems and apply it to discuss the characteristics of flow
over the wing with a vortex line.
(6)
Calculate induced drag coefficient for an elliptical lift distribution over the wing.
(6)
Discuss the effects of friction in case of a stream line flow over a cylindrical body.
Extend the discussion to the viscous flow over an airfoil surface.
(8)
Write short notes on swept back wings.
(4)
Write a detailed note on development of airfoils basing on early design concepts that
led to recent supersonic airfoil design.
.
(8)
What does Propulsive lift mean?
(4)
Write short notes on the following:
a) Takeoff performance
b) Dynamic lateral stability
c) Turning performance.
(4)
(4)
(4)
7. a)
With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of gas turbine. Enumerate speed
limitations that arise in case of its operation.
(6)
b) Structural design of an airplane is an intricate arrangement of various structural
elements, such as wing spars, fuselage longerons, stringers, and stiffeners. Elaborate
with the help of neat sketches.
(6)
8. a)
b)
Write a note on circular orbital velocity and satellite velocity.

Write short notes on
i) Space vehicle reentry heating, and
ii) Escape velocity.
MTECH AEROSPACE
49
(6)
(6)
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7605

Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.a)
b)
Explain the working principle of a low-speed subsonic wind tunnel.

Write a detailed note on the anatomy of a space vehicle. Differentiate between
expendable and recoverable launch vehicles.
2.a)
Discuss Bernoullis equation in detail and apply it to the operation of an air speed
indicator.
Define Mach number and obtain an expression for it. Distinguish between
subsonic, and supersonic regions in terms of Mach number.
b)
3.a)
b)
Write detailed notes on laminar and turbulent boundary layers.

Discuss the characteristics of supersonic flow with special emphasis on
shock waves and Mach waves.
4.a)
b)
Introduce the term Reynolds number and discuss its nature.

Discuss how the drag coefficient (Cd) varies with Mach number (M) and how
prediction of the drag divergence Mach number is carried out.
5.a)
b)
Explain in detail the effect of wing sweep back on lift produced.

Write a brief note on leading edge and trailing edge devices designed for
producing high lift.
6. Taking all the basic forces acting on an airplane under steady, unaccelerated
conditions, describe a method to estimate its rate of climb as a function of excess
power.
7.a)
b)
8.a)
b)
Differentiate between the working principles of gas turbine and ramjet propulsive
systems. Use neat sketches to support the explanation.
Bring out the importance of fatigue with reference to aircraft structural design.
Illustrate the need for developing multistage rockets and explain various
configurations currently in use.
Discuss in detail orbital maneuvers with the help of neat sketches.
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
50
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
51
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
52
MRCET
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOWS
(Elective-II)
Aim:
The student is exposed to advanced topics in fluid flow to tackle engineering problems in aircraft
fluid systems.
Outcome:
The student can resolve fluid flow issues in aircraft systems in mathematically.
UNIT-I: BASIC EQUATIONS OF FLUID DYNAMICS AND DYNAMICAL LEVELS OF
APPROXIMATION: General form of a conservation law, Mass conservation equation,
Momentum conservation law or equation of motion, Energy conservation equation; Navier
Stokes equations, Approximations of turbulent flows, Thin shear layer approximation, Parabolized
NavierStokes equations, Boundary layer approximation, Distributed loss model, Inviscid flow
model: Euler equations, Potential flow model.
UNIT II: MATHEMATICAL NATURE OF THE FLOW EQUATIONS AND THEIR
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS: Simplified models of a convectiondiffusion equation, Definition
of the mathematical properties of a system of PDEs, Hyperbolic and parabolic equations:
characteristic surfaces and domain of dependence, Time-dependent and conservation form of the
PDEs, Initial and boundary conditions
UNIT III: DISCRETIZATION TECHNIQUES
Finite Difference Method for Structured Grids:
Basics of finite difference methods,
Multidimensional finite difference formulas, Finite difference formulas on non-uniform grids,
General method for finite difference formulae, Implicit finite difference formulae; Finite Volume
Method: Conservative discretization, Basis of finite volume method, Practical implementation of
finite volume method; Introduction to Finite Element Method: Finite element definition of
interpolation functions, Finite element definition of the equation discretization: integral
formulation, Method of weighted residuals or weak formulation, Galerkin method, Finite
element Galerkin method for a conservation law; Structured and Unstructured Grid Properties:
Structured grids, Unstructured grids, Surface and volume estimations, Grid quality and best
practice guidelines
UNIT IV: ANALYSIS OF NUMERICAL SCHEMES
Consistency, stability and error analysis of numerical schemes: Basic concepts and definitions,
Von Neumann method for stability analysis, New Leapfrog, Lax-Fredrichs and Lax-Wendroff
schemes for the linear convection equation, Spectral analysis of numerical errors; General
Properties and High Resolution Numerical Schemes: General formulation of numerical schemes,
Generation of new schemes with prescribed order of accuracy, Monotonicity of numerical
schemes, Finite volume formulation of schemes and limiters
TIME INTEGRATION METHODS FOR SPACE DISCRETIZED EQUATIONS Analysis
of spacediscretized systems, Analysis of time integration schemes, Selection of time integration
methods, Implicit schemes for multidimensional problems: Approximate factorization methods
MTECH AEROSPACE
53
MRCET
UNIT V: ITERATIVE METHODS FOR RESOLUTION OF ALGEBRAIC SYSTEMS

Basic iterative methods, Overrelaxation methods, Preconditioning techniques, Nonlinear
problems, Multigrid method.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INVISCID FLOWS Euler equations, Potential flow
model, Numerical solutions for the potential equation, Finite volume discretization of the Euler
equations, Numerical solutions for the Euler equations
NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF VISCOUS LAMINAR FLOWS Navier-Stokes Equations
for laminar flows, Density based methods for viscous flows, Numerical solutions with the
density-based method, Pressure correction method, Numerical solutions with pressure correction
method.
TEXT BOOK
Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Second Edition, Charles Hirsch,
Elsevier Publication, 2007
REFERENCES
1. Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications, John David Anderson,
McGraw Hill, 1995
2. Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, 2nd Edition, John C. Tannehill, Dale
A. Anderson, Richard H. Pletcher, Taylor & Francis, 1997.

MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOWS
(Elective-II)
TEXT BOOK
TITLE
Numerical
Computation of
Internal and
External Flows
MTECH AEROSPACE
Chapters
in Text
Book
1-12
Units /
Topics
Covered
AUTHOR
PUBLISHERS
EDITION
& YEAR
1-5
Charles
Hirsch
Elsevier
Publication
Second
Edition &
2007
54
MRCET
NR
Code No: A7610

M.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations March/April 2010
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOWS
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1.
Discuss the physical interpretation of substantial derivative. Derive differential form of

general convection-diffusion conservation equation.
2.
Discuss about thin shear layer approximation and boundary layer approximation for
Navier-Stokes equation and explain when these models are used.
3.
Derive finite difference schemes for the following partial differential equations and
indicate their order of accuracy:
(i)
(u / t )+ a (u / x ) = 0.
(ii)
(u / t ) = a (2u / x2).
(iii)
(2u / x2) + (2u / y2) = 0.
4.
What are structured and unstructured grids? Discuss about body-fitted and multi-block
structured grids with the help of diagrams.
5.
Define consistency, stability and convergence and describe Von Neumann method for
stability analysis of a numerical scheme.
6.
Explain the concept of monotonicity and its importance in a numerical scheme. Derive
monotonicity condition for one-dimensional diffusion equation with explicit first order
difference in time and central discretization in space.
7.
Write short notes on the following time integration methods for space-discretized
equations occurring in numerical simulation of fluid flows:
(i)
Multistep methods.
(ii)
Predictor-Corrector Methods.
(iii)
Runge-Kutta Methods.
8.
Describe briefly the potential flow model and explain the various steps involved in the
numerical solution of incompressible potential flow around a circular cylinder.
---o0o---
MTECH AEROSPACE
55
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7610

M.Tech I- Semester Supplementary Examinations September, 2010
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1.
State the conservation law for a quantity U. Derive scalar conservation law in the
integral conservation form and comment on its properties
2.
Discuss the salient features of the following approximations of Navier-Stokes

equations
i) Thin shear layer approximation
ii) Parabolized Navier-Stokes approximation.
3.
Describe the cell-centered and cell-vertex approaches of finite volume method.

Compare finite element and finite volume methods and bring out their similarities
and differences.
4.
Define structured and unstructured grids. What are the options that can be
considered for the treatment of curved solid boundaries using Cartesian type
grids? Describe different configurations of body-fitted structured grids (H-mesh,
C-mesh, O-mesh, I-mesh) with the help of diagrams.
5. a) State the Equivalence theorem of Lax and explain through a diagram its
implication on the relationship between the three properties of consistency,
stability and convergence of a numerical scheme.
b) Explain the physical significance of Courant-Freidrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition
through figures giving geometrical, characteristic interpretation for an example of
hyperbolic equations.
6.
State Godunovs theorem. Discuss the concept and methodology of limiters

introduced in high resolution schemes with the help of an example and relevant
diagrams. Describe the essential points to remember for the practical
implementation of selected limiters.
7.
Write short notes on the basic ideas involved in the following overrelaxation
methods for the solution of algebraic systems widely used in CFD
i) Jacobi overrelaxation
ii) Successive Overrelaxation.
iii) Symmetric successive overrelaxation.
iv) Successive line overrelaxation.
8.
Explain the basic approach of Pressure Correction Methods.

*****
MTECH AEROSPACE
56
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7610

M.Tech I - Semester Examinations, March/April-2011
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1.a)
b)
2.a)
b)
Briefly discuss about mass conservation equation, momentum conservation

equation and the energy conservation equation.
Derive the Navier-Stokes equations of a motion for a fluid flow.
[12]
Describe about boundary layer approximations including separation of boundary
layer.
Write a short note on various flow models.
[12]
3.a)
b)
Discuss about parabolic and hyperbolic equations in detail.

Differentiate between finite difference formulae and implicit finite difference
formulae.
[12]
4.a)
b)
What is meant by finite element method and finite volume method? Explain it.
Discuss about finite element Galerkin method for a conservation law.
[12]
5.a)
b)
Explain in detail about Von Neuman method for stability analysis.

What is the spectral analysis of numerical errors?
[12]
6.a)
b)
Discuss in detail about an advanced addition to the accuracy barrier.

What is meant by monotonicity of numerical schemes? Explain about it.
[12]
7.a)
b)
Briefly discuss about an analysis of the space-discretized systems.

Mention the various iterative methods for the resolution of algebraic systems.
Discuss it.
[12]
8.a)
b)
Write a short note on potential flow model.

Briefly explain about finite volume discretization of the Euler equations.
[12]
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
57
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7610
M.Tech I Semester Examinations October / November 2011
Time: 3hours
Max.Marks:60
--1. Derive the general conservation form of momentum equation. Make necessary
assumptions.
[12]
2. Give the classification of Partial differential equations? Explain the characteristic of each
type of Partial differential equations along with illustrations.
[12]
3. Explain the term Consistency in numerical schemes and in detail explain the behavior of
errors and analyze them.
[12]
4. What are different methods to evaluate Matrix inverse for the solution of simultaneous
algebraic equations? Compare them.
[12]
5. A rod of length 0.4 m is maintained at temperatures of 1000C and 4000C at its two ends.
Along the lateral surface, the rod is insulated. The cross sectional area of the rod is 10 X
10-3 m2 and its thermal conductivity is 1000 W/m-K. Express the resultant simultaneous
equations in the matrix form and explain the type of coefficient matrix.
[12]
6. What are the four basic rules of finite volume formulation? Hence obtain the discretized
form of one dimensional elliptic equation. Make the necessary assumptions.
[12]
7. What are the difficulties arise due to discretization of pressure and velocity terms in
convection diffusion problem? How these difficulties are resolved and hence derive the
pressure correction equation.
[12]
8. Write short notes on any two of the following:
a. Initial and boundary conditions
b. Weighted residual method
c. Potential flow model of Euler equation.
[6+6]
********
MTECH AEROSPACE
58
MRCET
R09
Code No: C7610

M.TECH I - SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY-2012 MODELING
AND SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOWS
Time: 3hours
Max. Marks: 60
--1.a)
List the basic equations of motion for a two dimensional, constant property and steady
flow field.
b) What are boundary layer approximations? Using the order of magnitude approach,
explain how the pressure at a location along the flat plate is evaluated for laminar
boundary layer flow over a flat plate.
2.
Give the classification of Partial Differential Equations, explaining the characteristics

of each type of PDE.
3. a)
Using the Taylors series approximation, derive the finite difference expressions for
first order and second order differential terms of variable, .
Explain the Method of Weighted Residuals to solve PDEs using FEM.
b)
4.
Using the Von Neumann Stability Analysis, derive the criterion for stability Analysis
of Parabolic PDE. Make necessary assumptions, but state them clearly.
5.
What are the different methods of obtaining the matrix inverse? Briefly explain each
one, mentioning their relative advantages and disadvantages.
6.
An Aluminum rod, 2.5 cm in diameter and 15 cm long protrudes from a wall

maintained at 3000C. The environment temperature is 380C. The surface heat transfer
coefficient is 17 W/m2K. Taking the mesh size as 5 cm, obtain the nodal equations,
considering the fin as short. What is the type of coefficient matrix? What is the suitable
matrix inversion technique? Using that technique, obtain the nodal temperatures
using FDM.
7.a) Illustrate the Lax-Wendroff Technique for unsteady, two dimensional inviscid flow.
b) Explain ADI Technique for solving 2D, unsteady diffusion problem.
8.
Write short notes on the following.

a) SIMPLE Algorithm for Pressure Linked Equations.
b) Numerical methods for solving potential equations.
c) Basic rules of Finite Volume Method.
******
MTECH AEROSPACE
59
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
60
MRCET
MTECH AEROSPACE
61

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MRCET

M.TECH AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF FLIGHT

AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

AERODYNAMICS OF FLIGHT VEHICLES

M. TECH. (AEROSPACE ENGINEERING)

*Fundamentals of Aerospace Engineering

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS R13 FOR M. TECH. (REGULAR) DEGREE

Advanced Manufacturing Systems

Geoinformatics and Surveying Technology

Departments offering M. Tech. Programmes with specializations are noted below:

EVALUATION OF PROJECT/DISSERTATION WORK

AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS

First Class with Distinction

70% and above

Below 70% but not less than 60%

Below 60% but not less than 50%

Below 50% but not less than 40%

Impersonates any other candidate in

Smuggles in the Answer book or

Expulsion from the examination hall and

Expulsion from the examination hall and

Uses objectionable, abusive

Superintendent / any officer on duty or

Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in

If student of the college, who is not a

subject to the academic regulations in

In case of students of the college, they shall be

Expulsion from the examination hall and

Comes in a drunken condition to the

Copying detected on the basis of

If any malpractice is detected which is

police case will be registered against them.

Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators

Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Course Coverage Summary for

Code No: D109117601

What are the features to be observed for identifying a singular perturbation

What is a variational principle? Derive Eulers equation for a variational

Distinguish between parametric and non-parametric function fitting. Explain the

Define Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) and its corresponding inverse

Code No: C7601

Code No: C7601

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Coverage Summary

Code No: C7602

ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF FLIGHT VEHICLES

Explain Elevator Hinge Moment and Stick Force to trim.

Code No: C7602

Compare and contrast the external configurations of a subsonic and a supersonic

Explain, in the case of a vehicle boosting from a non-rotating planet,

Define non-dimensional altitude used to define the density of earths atmosphere.

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

UNIT IV: CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS

Course Coverage Summary for

Code No: C7603

Derive the equations of Equilibrium for 3D element subjected to normal and

A cantilever beam of length L and depth 2h is in a state of plane stress subjected

Define Continuum Mechanics and explain its various engineering applications.

Derive the equation for stresses on a 2D inclined plan in a 2D stress system.

Where A, B, C constants, determine if the stress field satisfies the equilibrium

Explain Reynolds transport theorem.

Explain various modes of heat transfer.