LINEAR LAW

PAPER 1
1

x and y are related by the equation

y px 2 qx , where p and q are constants.
A straight line is obtained by plotting
y
against x , as shown in Diagram 1.
x
Calculate the value of p and q.
[4 marks]

DIAGRAM 1

p
q

Answer:

2.

Diagram 2 shows a straight line graph of

y
against x . Given that y 6 x x 2 ,
x
calculate the value of k and of h .
[3 marks]

(2, )

(, 1)
x

O
DIAGRAM 2

Answer: k

3.

The variables x and y are related by the

equation y kx 4 , where k is a constant.
(a) Convert the equation to linear form.
(b) Diagram 3 shows the straight line
obtained by plotting log10 y against
log10 x .
Find the value of
(i) log10 k
(ii) h .
[4 marks]

(2, h)

(, 3)
O

DIAGRAM 3

Answer: (a) .
(b)

(i)

(ii)
...
4

Diagram 4 shows the graph of

. Express y in terms of

x.

y
1
against
x
x

y
x

[3 marks]

(4, 13)

(, 3)

1
x

O
O

DIAGRAM 4

Answer: .
5

DIAGRAM 5(a)

DIAGRAM 5(b)

Diagram 5(a) shows the curve y = 3 x 2 + 5. Diagram 5(b) shows the straight line graph
obtained when y = 3 x 2 + 5 is expressed in the linear form Y = 5X + c.
Express X and Y in terms of x and /or y
[3 marks]

Answer: .

PAPER 2
6.

Table 1 shows the values of two variables x and y related by the equation y ab x 1 ,
where a and b are constants.

3
12.1

4
6.46

5
3.47

6
1.89

8
0.52

TABLE 1

(a) Draw the graph of log10 y against ( x 1) .

[4 marks]

(b) From your graph, find

(i) the value of y when x 7
(ii) the value of a
(iii) the value of b .

[6 marks]

7. Table 2 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
Variables x and y are related by the equation y = p k x , where p and k are constants.

x
y

2
3.16

4
5.50

6
9.12

8
16.22

10
28.84

12
46.77

TABLE 2
(a) Plot log10 y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 2 units on the x-axis and 2 cm to
0.2 unit on the log10 y -axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[4 marks]
(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of
(i)
p
(ii)
k

[6 marks]

8. Table 3 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
It is known that x and y are related by the equation y pk x , where p and k are constants.
2

x
y

1.5
1.59

2.0
1.86

2.5
2.40

3.0
3.17

3.5
4.36

4.0
6.76

TABLE 3
log y

(a) Plot
against x .
Hence, draw the line of best fit.
2

[5 marks]

(b) Use the graph in (a) to find the values of

(i) p
(ii) k .

[5 marks]

9. Table 4 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. The
r

variables x and y are related by the equation y px px , where p and r are constants

x
y

1.0
5.5

2.0
4.7

3.0
5.0

4.0
6.5

5.0
7.7

5.5
8.4

TABLE 4
(a) Plot xy against x 2 , by using a scale of 2 cm to 5 units on both axes.
Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]
(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of
(i) p
(ii) r .

[5 marks]

10. Table 5 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
The variables x and y are related by the equation y pk x 1 , where p and k are constants

x
y

1
4.0

2
5.7

3
8.7

4
13.2

5
20.0

6
28.8

TABLE 5
(a) Plot log y against (x+1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the (x+1)-axis and 2 cm
to 0.2 unit on the log y-axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]
(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of
(i) p
(ii) k.

[5 marks]

Linear Law
Answer
1. p 2, q 13
2. h 5, k 4
3. (a) log10 y 4 log10 x log10 k
(b) (i) 3
(ii) 11
y

5
x2
4
1
5. X = 2
x
y
Y= 2
x
6.
x -1
Log10
y

2
3
4
5
1.08 0.81 0.54 0.28

7
-0.28

(b) (i) y = 1
(ii) a = 42.66
(iii) b = 0.5337

7 (a)
x
Log10y

2
4
6
8
10
0.50 0.74 0.96 1.21 1.46

12
1.67

(b) (i) p = 1.920

(ii) k = 1.309
8 (a)
x2

2.25

4.0

6.25

9.0

12.25

16.0

log10 y0.20

0.27

0.38

0.50

0.64

0.83

(b) (i) p 1.259

(ii) k 1.109
9(a)
1
4
9 16 25 30.25
xy 5.5 9.4 15 26 38.5 46.2
x2

(b) (i) p 1.37

(ii) r 5.48
10. (a)
x+1
Log y

2
0.60

3
0.76

4
0.94

5
1.12

6
1.30

7
1.46

(b) p = 1.778
k = 1.483
8