TECHNICAL DATA OF BALL SCREWS

DRIVING TORQUE
Frictional characteristics of ball screw and selection of driving motor.

FRICTION AND EFFICIENCY

The efficiency of a ball screw obtained by the analysis of a
mechanical model of screw can be expressed as follows, assuming
that the coefficient of friction = and the screw lead angle =.
When converting the rotational force into the axial
force (normal operation):
=

1-tan
1+/tan

PLL
TP=K 2

force (reverse operation):

1-/tan
1+tan

.......................................#3

LOAD TORQUE
The load torque (constant-speed driving torque) required
for designing a driving unit (motor etc.) can be worked out
as follows.

Normal operation

(Ncm)..............................#6
1

K=0.05(tan)- 2
Where,
PL:Preload (N)
L:Lead of ball screw (cm)
K:Coefficient of internal friction
:Lead angle

tan-1

.......................................#2

When converting the axial force into the rotational

In case of no-load:

( DL )

D:Outside diameter of screw shaft (cm)

SELECTION OF A DRIVING MOTOR

Select a motor which meets the following conditions.
1. The motor should be able to sufficiently bear the load
torque applied to the output shaft.
2. The motor should be able to start and stop at the
required pulse speed when the moment of inertia is
applied to the output shaft.
3. The required acceleration constant and deceleration
constant can be obtained when the moment of inertia is
applied to the output shaft.

When converting the rotational force into the axial force

(Ncm)..............................#4

Where,
T:Load torque(Ncm)
P:Axial external load(N)

Fig. 21

L:Lead of ball screw(cm)

Torque applied to the output shaft of a motor

:Efficiency of ball screw(0.9)

A torque required for driving at a constant speed against external load.

Reverse operation

T1=

When converting the axial force into the rotational force

(2PL

+TP

(3PL-P)
3PL

) ZZ

1
2

(Ncm) ......#7

Where, P 3PL
2T
P=
L

(N).................................#5

Where,

T1 :Driving torque at constant speed (Ncm)

P:Axial external load (N)
P=F+Mg

P:Axial external load(N)

F:Anti-thrust repulsive force by cutting force (N)

T:Load torque(Ncm)

M:Weight of table and work (kg)

L:Lead of ball screw(cm)

:Coefficient of friction of sliding surface

:Efficiency of ball screw(0.9)

g:Acceleration of gravity (9.8m/s2)

Friction torque caused by preload

A torque produced by preloading. According as the
external load increases, the preload applied to the preload
nut is gradually released and consequently, the friction
torque caused by preload is reduced.

L:Lead of ball screw (cm)

:Mechanical efficiency of motor including ball
screw and gear
TP:Friction torque caused by preload (Ncm) Refer
to formula #6.
PL:Preload (N)
Z1 :Number of teeth of pinion
Z2 :Number of teeth of gear
407

TECHNICAL DATA
OF BALL SCREW

PL
T= 2

TECHNICAL DATA OF BALL SCREWS

Acceleration torque applied to the shaft of a motor

Total torque applied to the shaft of a motor

A torque required for accelerative driving against external

The total torque can be calculated by adding the value of

load.

formula #8, to that of formula #7.

2N
T2=JM=JMX 60t X10-3
JM=J1+J4+

(ZZ )

1 2
2

{ (J2+J3)+M

(Ncm)......#8

(2L )

T2 :Driving torque at the time of acceleration (Ncm)

:Angular acceleration of motor shaft (rad/S2)
N :Number of revolutions of motor shaft (min-1)
:Acceleration time (s)

JM :Moment of inertia applied to motor (kgcm2)

J1 :Moment of inertia of pinion (kgcm2)
J2 :Moment of inertia of gear (kgcm2)
J3 :Moment of inertia of ball screw (kgcm2)
J4 :Moment of inertia of motor rotor (kgcm2)
M :Mass of table and work (kg)
L :Lead of ball screw (cm)
Moment of inertia of cylinders such as ball screw
TECHNICAL DATA
OF BALL SCREW

and gear (Calculation of J1-J4)

D4R
32

(kgcm2)........................$0

Where,
D:Outside diameter of cylinder (cm)
R:Length of cylinder (cm)
:Specific gravity of material
=7.8X10 -3(kg/cm3)

408

) ZZ +J
1
2

2N
-3
60t X10

(Ncm).....................$1
Where,
TM:Total torque applied to output shaft of motor (Ncm)

Where,

J=

(kgcm2).........#9

TM=T1+T2
PL
(3PL-P)
= 2 +TP 3PL

T1:Driving torque at constant speed (Ncm)

T2:Driving torque at the time of acceleration (Ncm)
After temporarily selecting a motor, check the motor for the
following items. At this time, the motor should satisfactorily
meet the prescribed conditions of the respective.
Effective torque value
Acceleration constant
Over-load characteristics and tolerance to overheat
of motor at the time of repetitional starting and stopping