Salts
Paper 1
Answer all questions. Each question is followed by four options, A, B, C and D. For
each question, choose one answer only.
1)
2)
Which of the following equations represents the reaction that produces silver
chloride crystals?
A 2AgNO3 + PbCl2 2AgCl + Pb(NO3)2
B Ag2O + 2HCl 2AgCl + H2O
C Ag2SO4 + PbCl2 2AgCl + PbSO4
D AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3
3)
A solid Q is heated to produce a residue that is yellow when hot and white when
cold. Which of the following is most likely solid Q?
A Zinc nitrate
C Zinc chloride
B Lead(II) carbonate
D Copper(II) carbonate
4)
Which of the following ions forms a white precipitate that dissolves in excess
ammonia solution?
I
Zn2+
II
Pb2+
III
Cu2+
IV
Al3+
A I and II only
C II and IV only
B I and III only
D I, II and IV only
5)
6)
4.05 g of zinc oxide powder reacts with excess nitric acid. What is the mass of the
zinc nitrate that is formed in the reaction?
[Relative atomic mass: N = 14; O = 16; Zn = 65]
A 6.35 g
C 9.45 g
B 8.10 g
D 12.70 g
7)
Which of the following mixtures of solutions will produce a white precipitate when
shaken?
A Magnesium sulphate and zinc nitrate
B Silver sulphate and sodium chloride
C Copper(II) nitrate and sodium carbonate
D Hydrochloric acid and barium sulphate
8)
Which of the following ions produces a precipitate when mixed with hydrochloric
acid?
A Pb2+ ion
C Zn2+ ion
B Mg2+ ion
D Al3+ ion
9)
The table below shows the results of the tests carried out on an aqueous solution.
Test
Excess sodium hydroxide solution
is added
Observation
The white precipitate that is formed dissolves
in the excess sodium hydroxide solution
10) Solution X contains two anions. Tests are carried out as shown in the diagram
below.
Solution X
nitric acid
is added
Colourless solution
and effervescence of
gas
barium
nitrate
solution is
added
silver nitrate
is added
White precipitate
No change
Paper 2
Answer all the questions.
Structured question
The table below shows ions found in three types of salt.
Type of salt
Silver sulphate
Potassium chloride
Copper(II) nitrate
Positive ion
Ag+
Na+
Cu2+
Negative ion
SO42ClNO3-
(a) What is the other name for the negatively charged ion?
_______________________________________________________________
(b) Write the formula for copper(II) nitrate.
_______________________________________________________________
(c) When 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 potassium chloride is added to the silver
sulphate solution in excess, a white precipitate is formed.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Roughly give the steps in which the dry salt crystals can be
obtained from the experiment.
______________________________________________________
(vi)
(vii)
Essay question
(a) The diagram below shows an experiment that is carried out for the preparation of a
salt, lead(II) carbonate.
State three types of reaction in the preparation of salt that is soluble in zinc
nitrate.
[3 marks]
(ii) Elaborate on how you would carry out a chemical test to detect the presence
of both ions in zinc nitrate.
[5 marks]
Paper 3
Answer the question.
A student carried out an experiment to prepare a type of salt that is copper(II) carbonate.
The steps and apparatus set-up of the experiment are shown in the diagram below.
Steps
1) The filter paper is weighed.
2) 25 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 potassium
carbonate solution is added to
25 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 copper(II)
nitrate.
(a)
Complete the following table by stating the observation and the inference that
can be made in this experiment.
Observation
(b)
(c)
(d)
Inference
__________ g
__________ g
Answers
Paper 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C
D
A
B
D
C
B
A
D
B
Paper 2
Structured question
a) Anion
b) Cu(NO3)2
c) (i) Precipitation
(ii) Silver chloride
(iii) Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
(iv) 1 mol of silver ion reacts with 1 mol of chloride ion produces 1 mol of
silver chloride
(v) Filter the white precipitate, rinse the salt crystals and dry it with the filter
paper.
(vi) Number of moles in KCl = 0.2 x 50 = 0.01 mol
1000
(vii) 1 mol of Cl- ion produces 1 mol of AgCl
0.1 mol of Cl- ion produces 0.01 mol of AgCl
Mass of AgCl = 0.01 x 143.5 = 1.435 g
Essay Question
a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Filter the mixture in a beaker, rinse with a little distilled water and dry it
with filter paper.
PbCO3 PbO +CO2
Lead(II) carbonate is decomposed into lead(II) oxide and carbon dioxide
when heated.
-
The residue left is lead(II) oxide, which is brown in colour when hot
and yellow when cold
The lime water turns cloudy indicating the presence of carbon dioxide.
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
b)
(i)
(ii)
Paper 3
a)
Observation
Precipitate/green solids are formed
Inference
Copper(II) carbonate, which does not
dissolve in water, is formed
b)
0.05; 3.15
c)
(i) 3.1 g
(ii) 3.1/124 = 0.025 mol
d)
10