and Servicing
Thanavat Junchaya
Implementing Agency Coordination Unit
Annual Joint Network Meeting of National Ozone Officers of Latin America and the Caribbean, The Dominican Republic 2-5 December 2014
Lower
flammability
No flame
propagation
A3
B3
A2
B2
A2L*
B2L*
A1
B1
Lower Toxicity
PEL > 400 PPM
Higher Toxicity
PEL < 400 PPM
A1
<10
R-744
11 500
A2
HFC-152a
501 1,000
R-450A,
XP-10
1,0001 1,500
HFC-134a,
R-448A,
R-449A
1,501 2,000
R-407C,
R-407F
2,001 3,000
HCFC-22,
R-407A,
R-410A
> 3,001
CFC-12,
R-404A
A2L
A3
B2L
HFC-1234yf,
HFC-1234ze
HC-290,
HC-600a,
HC-1270
R-717
L-40, L-41,
DR-5,
R-444B,
446A, 447A
HFC-32
HFC-143a
Occupancy Classification
General occupancy a (hotels, schools, restaurant)
Rooms, parts of building where any person has access without being
personally acquainted with the necessary safety precautions;
Location Classification of
Refrigerating Systems
Class I: mechanical equipment located within the
occupied space the refrigerating system or refrigerantcontaining parts are located in the occupied space;
Class II: compressors in machinery room or open air
all compressors and pressure vessels are either located
in a machinery room or in the open air; coil-type heat
exchangers and pipework, including valves, can be
located in an occupied space;
Class III: machinery room or open air all refrigerantcontaining parts are located in the machinery room or
open air. The machinery room should fulfil the
requirements of ISO 5149-3; and
Class IV: ventilated enclosures all refrigerantcontaining parts are located in the ventilated enclosures.
8
10
11
Case Study
Occupancy
Our interest is in residential air-conditioning system which
can be installed in home or offices; hence, general
occupancy/human comfort is considered as it establishes a
conservative baseline.
Refrigerant
R-32 is considered as an example for A2L materials; and
R-290 is considered as an example for A3 materials.
12
CAP Factor
The charge limits in are capped to a limit based upon the
LFL of the refrigerant.
In the case of flammability class 2 or 3 refrigerants, the
basic cap factor is m1, m2, and m3.
For flammability class 2L refrigerants, the basic cap factor is
increased by a factor of 1.5 due to lower burning velocity
There are no room volume restrictions for refrigerant
charges below or equal to m1
Cap Factor
13
R-32 (kg)
R-290 (kg)
m1 = 4 m3 x LFL
1.8*
0.15
m2 = 26 m3 x LFL
12*
1.0
m3 = 130 m3 x LFL
60*
5.0
LFL
h0
14 Note:
15
16
Room size = 30 m2
Mounted
locations
17
R-32
Floor
0.15
1.88
Window
0.23
3.13
Wall
0.41
5.73
Ceiling
0.51
6.88
18
Conclusions (I)
For residential a/c systems
R-32:
for charge size (m) less than 1.8 kg, there are no restrictions;
for 1.8 kg <m< 12 kg, m should be less than mmax;
For 12 kg <m< 60 kg, refrigerant concentration in case of full
leakage should be less than 0.063 kg/m3. If so, no additional
measures are required. If not, measures defined in ISO 51493:2014 should be applied.
R-290
for charge size (m) less than 0.15 kg, there are no restrictions;
for 0.15 kg <m< 1 kg, m should be less than mmax;
for residential a/c, m cannot exceed 1 kg.
19
Conclusions (II)
For Classes III and IV (chillers)
R-32:
No charge size restrictions for Class III for which all refrigerantcontaining parts are installed in a machinery room with mechanical
ventilation or in open air;
Charge size should not exceed 60 kg if all refrigerant-containing
parts are installed in ventilated area (Class IV) where no mechanical
ventilation.
R-290
Charge size should not exceed 1 kg in case the machinery room is
below ground, 5 kg in case the machinery room is above ground;
Charge size should not exceed 5 kg in case all refrigerant-containing
parts are installed in ventilated area.
For supervised occupancy area, the charge size could increase to 10
kg; and for authorized occupancy area with a machinery room or
open air located above ground, there is no charge size restriction,
however, measures prescribed in ISO5149-3 must be applied.
20
Thank you
22