Geography Paper 1

Landforms
2011- What are the erosional and depositional features of winds? Discuss any one group of
features in detail.
2010- Describe landforms and evolution of landscapes of glaciation in the mid and high
latitudes.
2009- Write in detail on the action of the river in its youth, maturity, and old age.
2009- "Wind produces a variety of interesting sequential landforms both erosional and
depositional". Discuss.
2008- Karst topography is a distinctive type of terrrain resulting largest from erosion by
groundwater and dissolve mineral matter can be deposited in a number of ways. Discuss
with examples.
2008- "All landforms go through a cycle of youth, maturity and old oge". Discuss with
example of different erosional and depositional agents.
2007- Discuss the origin and characteristics of the landforms produced by glaciers.
2007- Provide a brief account of fluvial cycle of erosion?
2006- Briefly explain the features associated with:
a. Submerged coastlines b. Emerged coastlines
2006- Outline the processes by which a river produces various Land features describing its
mode of transportation.
2005- What do you know about major landforms? Describe the landforms produced by the
glaciers?
2004- What do you know about Oceanic depositions? Discuss in detail.
2003- What is glaciation? Describe the land forms associated with glaciation in the highland
areas.
2002- Describe the conditions essential for the development of Karst Topography, List the
principal features of Karst region.
2002- Examine the evolution of AEOLIAN Land forms.
2001- Define glacier. How would you categorise them according to ihc mode of formation?
Explain with the help of diagrams the characteristic, features of a glaciated region.
2000- Describe and explain the ways in which each of the following desert landforms
originate:
(a) Mesa (b) Pedestal rock (c) Barchan (d) Playa (e) Wadi

Ocean Currents
2011- What are the Oceans movement s? Discuss the currents of Pacific Ocean.
2010- Show with an aid of a sketch map currents of the Indian ocean.bring out the
influence of monsoon on currents of the North Indian ocean.
2009- Describe the factors contributing to the origin of ocean currents. Also describe the
Ocean Currents of the Atlantic Ocean bringing about their effect on the surrounding area?
2008- Define and discuss the origin of Ocean Currents. Explain the oceanic current of
Atlantic ocean.
2007- What are ocean currents? Discuss the different factors contributing in their

occurrence and also describe their effect on the surrounding areas?

2006- Distinguish b/w North Indian Ocean and South Indian Ocean currents w.r.t specific
controlling factor.
2005- What are the Oceans movements? Discuss the Currents of the Pacific Ocean.
2004- Give an account of the Indian Ocean Currents and explain their difference from other
Ocean currents.
2002- [/B]Make a compartive study of the Gulf Stream and KUROSHIO current tinder the
following heads:
(a) Origin (b) Characteristics (c) Course (d) Impact on economy
2001- What is meant by Ocean Currents? How the different types of Currents are caused?
Highlight the currents of Atlantic Ocean with the help of a sketch map.

Climate
2011- Which prominent areas experience either of climate type? Give the characteristics of
the climate type along with the associated economic activities; Desert type OR Monsoon
type.
2010- Discuss mediterranean climatic region with its dominating characteristics.
2009- In what way does the wet, monsoon-dominated climate of southern Asiatic coasts
(Am) differ from that close to the equator (aj). Discuss in detail.
2007- Which prominent areas experience either of the climate type? Give the
characteristics of the climate type along with the associated economic activities.
Mediterranean type or Monsoon type?
2006- How do the climate factors of precipitation and temperature influence the distribution
of natural vegetation? Where can we find the tropical rainforest?
2004- Discuss Monsoon Climatic Region in detail.
2003- Discuss Mediterranean climate as under:
(a) Main characteristics (b) Regional variations.
2002- Examine the relation between the prevalent wind systems and ocean currents in
either North Atlantic or North Pacific Oceans. Also suggest effects of the oceanic circulation
described.
2000- Confining your attention to the northern hemisphere contrast the Cool Temperate
West Marginal type of climate with the Cool Temperate East Marginal type and try to account
for any similarities and differences.

Maps & Projections

2011- What are topographical maps? Write in detail the feature presented on such maps.
2009- What is the distinction between large-scale, medium-scale and small-scale maps?
Explain by giving examples.
2007- What are topographical maps? Write in detail on the features presented on such
maps.
2006- Describe Map characteristics in detail with example of map design geared either to:
(A) Data communication or (B) Data analysis objectives.
2005- What are the major types of Map Projections under any major type, discuss their
characteristics and uses.
2004- Explain the different methods of Thematic Maps. Discuss in detail any one method
and its merits and demerits.

2003- Discuss the various types of quantitative aerial maps based on statistical data and
show how the use of colors adds to the clarity of distribution.
2003- Compare the usefulness of Simple Cylindrical, Cylindrical Equal Area and Cylindrical
Orthomorphic Projections.
2002- What are AERIAL photographs? How arc these different from Toptgraphical Maps?
Discuss their importance to map making.
2001- Differentiate the weather and topographical maps? Briefly express the various
terms/features which arc associated with these maps.

The Rocks
2011- What are rocks? Classify rocks and discuss the formation and characteristics of any
one type.
2010- Present the rock cycle in connection with its reincarnation.
2005- What is a rock? Classify rocks and discuss the formation and characteristics of any
one type.
2004- What are Rocks? Discuss igneous rocks and compare and contrast the intrusive and
extrusive rocks.
2000- Summarize with specific examples classification of rocks and show how different
mode of origin affects the exploitation of mineral wealth.

The Earth
2011- Discuss the significance of the Dee Double Prime layer in the view of the fact that
the Earth is a differential Planet.
2009- Describe the internal structure of the earth in detail giving dimentions, mineral
composition and physical properties. What type of evidence is used to obtain this
information? What tempratures and pressures may be expected at the earth's centre?
2008- The Earth is differential planet. Discuss critically.

Plate Tectonics
2008- The theiory of Pleate Tectonics is a Unifying Theory. Disscuss Critically.
2008- Describe the relief of ocean floor and disscuss the significance of continental shelf.
2000- What do you understand by the plate theory? What has it to do with:
(a) the formation of mountains (b) earth quakes (c) volcanoes

Air-Masses
2008- Define Air masses. Give classification of Air Masses anf focus on the types which
affect the weather of Pakistan.
2006- Explain original concept of air masses and present principal air masses.

Earthquake
2009- Write an essay on earthquake.
2006- Describe the ways in which earthquake can be managed. Use examples to support
your answer.
2003- How are earthquakes caused? Describe the major earthquake zones.
2001- What are earthquakes? How closely are they connected with earth mo vements?
Elaborate their effects and distributions in fhe main regions of the world.

Waves & Tides

2007- What causes the rise and fall of tides? What celestial bodies are most important in
determining tides?
2003- How are tides caused? Describe the various types of tides.

Winds
2005-What are various types of local winds? Discuss in details the formation and
characteristics of the Mountain and Valley winds.
2002- What do you known about the distribution of atmospheric pressure and the resulting
wind system on the earth surface?
2001-There are certain winds which generated by terrestrial peculiarities and are named
accordingly. Pin point/explain such winds (world-wide) with their properties and effects in
me prevailing areas.

Cyclones
2004- Define Cyclones. How are the temperate Cyclones formed? Discuss the theory
regarding their formation.
2002- Give a detailed account of the origin, life history, weather type and distribution of
extra-tropical or frontal cyclone.

Miscellaneous
2010- Define mass wasting and explain mass wasting in detail.
2010- Identify the geographic patterns of evapotranspiration.Examine the factors
contributing to expanding deserts around the globe.
2007- Write an essay on the heating and cooling of the surface of the earth.
2005- Describe in details the distribution of salinity in the Oceans.
2005- Define insulations, discuss the distribution of temperature on the surface of Earth
and reasons for its variation.

2005- What are various types of local winds? Discuss in details the formation and
characteristics of the Mountain and Valley winds.
2002- What do you known about the distribution of atmospheric pressure and the resulting
wind system on the earth surface?
2001- There are certain winds which generated by terrestrial peculiarities and are named
accordingly. Pin point/explain such winds (world-wide) with their properties and effects in
me prevailing areas.
2001- What are main characteristics of thunderstorm? How arc they classified? Also explain
their zonal distribution.
2000- Distinguish between rock weathering and erosion. Show how processes of
weathering in cool humid climate, differ from those in hot arid region. You may take
examples from any part of the world.

Short Notes
2011- Air masses
2011- Earthquake waves
2011- Monsoons
2011- Maps Projections
2010- [Choice of projections
2010- Synoptic charts
2010- Planetary winds
2010- Trends in january isotherm
2004- Conical Projection
2004- Atoll Formation
2004- Yardang
2004- Horse Latitudes
2004- Cycle of Erosion
2003- Cyclonic Storms
2003- Continental Shelf
2003- Sand Dunes
2003- Pie Diagrams
2003- Alnino current
2002- Tides
2002- Conventional Signs
2002- Alluvial Fax
2002- Air Mass
2001- Geysers
2001- Bonne's Modified Conical Projection
2001- Adveclion Tog
2001- Artesian wells
2000- Modern Cartography
2000- Observation of weather phenomenon
2000- Uses and limitations of Mercators Projection
2000-Distribution maps and their techniques