13 Defn

INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Piping systems are like
arteries and veins. They
carry the lifeblood of
modern civilization. In a
modern city they transport
water from the sources of
water supply to the points of
distribution; convey waste from residential and commercial buildings

and other civic facilities to the treatment facility or the point of
discharge. Similarly, pipelines carry crude oil from oil wells to tank
farms for storage or to refineries for processing.
www.seabirdengineering.in
INTRODUCTION
The
natural
gas
transportation and distribution
lines convey natural gas from
the source and storage tank
farms to points of utilization,
such as power plants, industrial
facilities, and commercial and
residential communities.
In chemical plants, paper mills, food processing plants, and other

similar industrial establishments, the piping systems are utilized to
carry liquids, chemicals, mixtures, gases, vapours, and solids from
one location to another.
INTRODUCTION
In health facilities, piping systems are used to transport gases and

fluids for medical purposes. The piping systems in laboratories carry
gases, chemicals, vapours, and other fluids that are critical for
conducting research and development.
In short, the piping
systems are an
essential
and
integral part of our
modern civilization
just as arteries and
veins are essential to
the human body.
PIPING
PIPING
Piping includes pipe, flanges, fittings, bolting, gaskets, valves, and

the pressure containing portions of other piping components.
PIPING
It also includes pipe hangers and supports and other items

necessary to prevent over pressurization and overstressing of the
pressure-containing components.
It is evident that pipe is one element

or a part of piping. Therefore, pipe
sections when joined with fittings,
valves,
and
other
Mechanical
equipment and properly supported by
hangers and supports, are called piping.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The Piping Field Engineer is responsible to the Project Field
Engineering for adherence to specifications for all piping
installation work.
Provides technical assistance to the Piping Superintendent, Area

Superintendent and Area Engineer and keeps them informed on
matters relating to quality control.
Establishes with the client personnel, parameters on testing,

installation and turnover of systems.
Determines area priorities for piping installation through

consultation with Area Supervision.
Establishes communications with the Piping Design Group to

resolve design problems.
Reviews the project schedule and working with the Piping
Superintendent and Area Engineer, reviews the weekly, 90/180
day look ahead schedules as required.
Performs inspection of all piping work in progress on a
continuing basis. Witnesses tests and completes final P&ID
checks prior to turnover to the Client.
Assists the Piping Superintendent and Area Engineers in solving
piping problems.
Issues job wide inspection criteria that may be over and above the
normal piping inspection.
Executes field takeoffs from design drawings and provides input
to the project quantity tracking system.
Reports weekly installed quantities to the Cost Engineer. Assists
Superintendent in establishing pipe spool, pipe support, and
valve delivery priority.
Writes material requisitions for all pipe testing equipment, test
blinds, gaskets, etc. Required for the job.
Assists Area Engineers on piping related problems to obtain

vendor information, substitutions, and other design related piping
problems.
Assists the Field Procurement Supervisor in the inspection and
receipt of piping materials and in the setting up of project controls
for storage and protection of piping materials.
Maintains record prints with as-built information for all piping

systems when required.
Underground systems must be as-built prior to backfill.
Monitors the off-site spool fabrication to coordinate the proper

priority flow of spools to the site. Also maintains updated delivery
schedules from the fabricator through the expediting department.
Develops labour saving methods of pipe installation such as
prefabrication of assemblies, bending, or off-site pre-assembly.
Determines the amount of small bore pipe (two inch and under)
fabrication to be done in the field.
Develops field sketches of site fabrication facility based on input

from Superintendent and craft General Foremen.
Field sketches to provide a complete scope and material list. This
will require close coordination with supervision to determine how
much will be fabricated at the erection point and how much is
fabricated in the weld bay.
Designs both large and small bore piping supports/hangers when
required.
Generates piping insulation, penetration sealing, painting, and
heat tracing releases.
PIPING SYSTEM SIMPLE APPROACH

In any plant various fluids flow through pipes
from one end to other.
PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING
Now let us start with a plant where we see

three tanks.
Tank-1, Tank-2 and Tank-3
We have to transfer the content of Tank no.1
to the other two tanks.
We will need to connect pipes to transfer the
fluids from Tank-1 to Tank-2 and Tank-3
LET US BRING THE PIPES.
To
solve
these
problems we need the
pipe
components,
which are called
We have just brought the pipes, now we

need to solve some more problems.
Pipes are all straight pieces.
PIPE FITTINGS
We need some
branch
connections
We need some
bend connections
These are the pipe fittings,

There are various types of fittings for various
purposes, some common types are Elbows/Bends, Tees/Branches,
Reducers/Expanders, Couplings, Olets, etc.
Anyway, the pipes and

fittings are in place, but the
ends are yet to be joined
with the Tank nozzles.
We now have to complete the

end connections.
These, in piping term, we call
TERMINAL
CONNECTIONS.
So far this is a nice arrangement.

But there is no control over the flow from Tank1 to other tanks.
We need some arrangement to stop the
flow if needed
These are flanged joints

This is a welded joint
To control the flow in a pipe line

we need to fit a special component.
That is called - VALVE
There are many types of valves, categorized

based on their construction and functionality,
Those are - Gate, Globe, Check, Butterfly, etc.
Other than valves another important

line component of pipe line is a
filter, which cleans out derbies from
the flowing fluid. This is called a
STRAINER
Here we see a more or less functional piping

system, with valves and strainer installed.
Let us now investigate some aspects of pipe
flexibility.
If this tank
nozzle expands,
when the tank is
hot.
In such case we need to fit a flexible
pipe component at that location,
which is called an EXPANSION
JOINT
When some fluid is flowing in a pipe we

may also like know the parameters like,
pressure, temperature, flow rate etc. of the
fluid.
To know these information we

need to install INSTRUMENTS in
the pipeline.
Next we shall look

into
how
to
SUPPORT
the
pipe/and
its
components.
There are various types instruments to measure various

parameters. Also there are specific criteria for installation
of various pipe line instruments.
Here are some of the pipe supporting arrangements.

There can be numerous variants. All depend on
piping designers preference and judgment.
Let us see some OTHER types of supports
A P P L I C AT I O N O F P I P I N G
S YS T E M
Application of piping system

Process piping systems in chemical plants and refineries
S YS T E M
HVAC chilled water systems and heating systems
S YS T E M
Food and beverage applications
S YS T E M
Pharmaceutical process systems
S YS T E M
Ultra pure water systems used in pharmaceutical and integrated

chip manufacturing
Marine and shipboard applications
Waste collection and treatment systems
A M E R I C A N S T A N DA R D C O D E
FOR PIPING
American Standard Code for Piping

B31.1, Power Piping
This code is the original code and was a direct development out of
the Boiler and subsequent codes.
A boiler needs pipe, both internally and externally. The internal
pipe would come under the rules of section I and the external piping
would come under B31.1.
This piping is generally found in electric power generating stations.
It is typically transporting steam or water under elevated
temperatures and pressures.
Power piping systems as covered by this Code apply to all piping

and their component parts.
They include but are not limited to

Steam
Water
Oil
Gas
Air
FOR PIPING
Bolier Piping
FOR PIPING
B31.3 Process piping

This piping is typically found in petroleum
refineries, chemical and pharmaceutical
plants.
This Code applies to piping for all fluids
including:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Raw, intermediate, and

chemicals
Petroleum products
Gas, steam, air and water
Fluidized solids
Refrigerants
Cryogenic fluids
finished
FOR PIPING
B31.4 Pipeline transportation systems for liquid hydrocarbons and

other liquids
FOR PIPING
This Code prescribes piping for transporting liquids such as

Crude oil
Condensate
Natural gasoline
Natural gas liquids
Liquefied petroleum gas
Carbon dioxide
Liquid alcohol
FOR PIPING
Tank farms
Natural gas processing plants
Refineries
Stations
Terminals (marine, rail and truck) and other delivery and
receiving points.
FOR PIPING
B31.5 Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components

This Code for refrigerant, heat transfer components and
secondary coolant piping for temperatures as low as -196 deg C.
This code does not apply to

water piping, piping for
pressure vessels.
FOR PIPING
Refrigeration piping Diagram

FOR PIPING
B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

This code covers primarily gas transportation piping between
sources and terminals. It includes gas metering, regulating, and
gathering pipelines. It has rules about corrosion protection.
And also Code covers the design, fabrication, installation,
inspection, and testing of pipeline facilities used for the
transportation of gas.
This Code also covers safety aspects of the operation and
maintenance of those facilities.
FOR PIPING
FOR PIPING
B31.9 Building services piping

This Code Section has rules for the piping in industrial,
institutional, commercial and public buildings, and multi-unit
residences.
Building Services Piping applies to Condensing water, Water for

heating and cooling, Steam and condensate, Vacuum.
It is also found in many apartment residences. These piping
systems do not typically require the sizes, pressures, and
temperatures covered in B31.1 Power Piping.
FOR PIPING
FOR PIPING
B31.11 Slurry transportation piping systems

Design, construction, inspection, security requirements of slurry
piping systems
It covers piping systems that transport aqueous slurries of no
hazardous materials, such as coal, mineral ores and other solids
between a slurry processing plant and the receiving plant.
The primary use of this code is for aqueous slurries between
plants and Terminals. It covers use within those areas. One of the
uses of these systems is in the mining industries in moving ores
from the mines to elsewhere.
FOR PIPING
Auxiliary piping such as for water, air, and similar liquids and
gases
Pressure vessels
Piping designed for pressures below 103 kPa (15 psig) at any
temperature
Piping designed for pressures above 103 kPa (15 psig), when
temperature is below 30C (20F) or above 120C (250F)
Piping within the battery limits of slurry processing plants and

other non storage facilities
Further information regarding codes and

standards will be given in later sections
END
OF
SLIDE

13 Defn

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

13 Defn

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

INTRODUCTION

distribution; convey waste from residential and commercial buildings

In chemical plants, paper mills, food processing plants, and other

In health facilities, piping systems are used to transport gases and

Piping includes pipe, flanges, fittings, bolting, gaskets, valves, and

It also includes pipe hangers and supports and other items

It is evident that pipe is one element

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Provides technical assistance to the Piping Superintendent, Area

Establishes with the client personnel, parameters on testing,

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Determines area priorities for piping installation through

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Establishes communications with the Piping Design Group to

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Assists Area Engineers on piping related problems to obtain

Maintains record prints with as-built information for all piping

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Monitors the off-site spool fabrication to coordinate the proper

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Develops field sketches of site fabrication facility based on input

PIPING SYSTEM SIMPLE APPROACH

PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING

Now let us start with a plant where we see

We have just brought the pipes, now we

These are the pipe fittings,

Anyway, the pipes and

We now have to complete the

So far this is a nice arrangement.

These are flanged joints

To control the flow in a pipe line

There are many types of valves, categorized

Other than valves another important

Here we see a more or less functional piping

When some fluid is flowing in a pipe we

To know these information we

Next we shall look

There are various types instruments to measure various

Here are some of the pipe supporting arrangements.

Let us see some OTHER types of supports

Application of piping system

HVAC chilled water systems and heating systems

Food and beverage applications

Pharmaceutical process systems

Ultra pure water systems used in pharmaceutical and integrated

Marine and shipboard applications

Waste collection and treatment systems

American Standard Code for Piping

Power piping systems as covered by this Code apply to all piping

PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING

They include but are not limited to

B31.3 Process piping

Raw, intermediate, and

B31.4 Pipeline transportation systems for liquid hydrocarbons and

This Code prescribes piping for transporting liquids such as

B31.5 Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components

This code does not apply to

Refrigeration piping Diagram

B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

B31.9 Building services piping