Anomalous Friedel oscillations

in a quasi-helical quantum dot

Fabio Cavaliere
Filippo Maria Gambetta, Giacomo Dolcetto, Matteo Biggio Uni Genova (IT)
Dario Ferraro Uni Geneva (CH)
Niccol Traverso Ziani Uni Wrzburg (DE)
Simone Barbarino SNS Pisa (IT)
Roberta Citro, Francesco Romeo Uni Salerno (IT)

Outline

Introduction

Outline

Introduction

Helical 1D quantum dots

Spin textures and correlations

Outline

Introduction

Helical 1D quantum dots

Spin textures and correlations

Quasi-helical 1D quantum dots

Anomalous Friedel oscillations

standard 1D quantum wire

standard 1D quantum wire

helical 1D system

Spin-momentum locking!

Two-dimensional topological insulators

CdTe

HgTe
CdTe

[B.A.Bernevig, T. L. Hughes, and S.-C. Zhang, Science 314, 1757 (2006); B.A. Bernevig, SC Zhang
PRL 96 106802 (2006); L. Qi and S.-C. Zhang, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1057 (2011)]

Two-dimensional topological insulators

CdTe

HgTe
CdTe

[B.A.Bernevig, T. L. Hughes, and S.-C. Zhang, Science 314, 1757 (2006); B.A. Bernevig, SC Zhang
PRL 96 106802 (2006); L. Qi and S.-C. Zhang, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1057 (2011)]

Two-dimensional topological insulators

CdTe

HgTe
CdTe

Insulating bulk states, gapless counterpropagating edge states

Protected by TRS, with spin-momentum locking
[B.A.Bernevig, T. L. Hughes, and S.-C. Zhang, Science 314, 1757 (2006); B.A. Bernevig, SC Zhang
PRL 96 106802 (2006); L. Qi and S.-C. Zhang, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1057 (2011)]

Protected by TRS

Protected by TRS

Magnetic barriers break TRS and allow back-scattering

Protected by TRS

Magnetic barriers break TRS and allow back-scattering

Protected by TRS

Magnetic barriers break TRS and allow back-scattering

Helical quantum dot

Towards a helical dot

C. Timm, Phys. Rev. B 86, 155456 (2012),

G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 235423 (2013)

Towards a helical dot

C. Timm, Phys. Rev. B 86, 155456 (2012),

G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 235423 (2013)

Towards a helical dot

dependent constraints between Left ( spin down) and Right (spin up) fields
C. Timm, Phys. Rev. B 86, 155456 (2012),
G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 235423 (2013)

dependent boundaries over a double length 2L

dependent boundaries over a double length 2L

Spin density

Spin density

Quantum averages

Spin density

Quantum averages

spin-density oscillations in the x-y plane with

wave number

G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 235423 (2013)

-controlled

spin textures

G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Physica Status Solidi RRL 7, 1059 (2013)
F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Europhys. Lett. 107, 47010 (2014)

-controlled

spin textures

Interactions enhance
the spin oscillations

G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Physica Status Solidi RRL 7, 1059 (2013)
F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Europhys. Lett. 107, 47010 (2014)

-controlled

spin textures

Interactions enhance
the spin oscillations

Probability of finding given

spins at distance x
Enhanced spin correlations!
G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Physica Status Solidi RRL 7, 1059 (2013)
F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Europhys. Lett. 107, 47010 (2014)

Quasi-helical quantum dot

InSb, In As, Pt@Si

InSb, In As, Pt@Si

A non-helical LL with
two spin channels

InSb, In As, Pt@Si

InSb, In As, Pt@Si

Within the gap:

a quasi-helical LL!

A Luttinger theory in the gap

Quasi-helical regime:

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

A Luttinger theory in the gap

Quasi-helical regime:

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

A Luttinger theory in the gap

Quasi-helical regime:

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

A Luttinger theory in the gap

Quasi-helical regime:

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

Physics in the gap, near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics in the gap, near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics in the gap, near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics in the gap, near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Linear transport!

Anomalous Friedel oscillations

N=50, expecting 50 peaks. Only 25 are found!

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

[See: J. Klinovaja and D. Loss, Phys. Rev. B 86, 085408 (2012)]

Anomalous Friedel oscillations

Towards the conventional Friedel oscillations

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

Conclusions
Helical 1D quantum dots
Spin textures can be controlled by tuning
magnetic impurities either in DC or in AC.
True spin correlations develop for strong intractions.

Quasi-helical 1D quantum dots

Evanescent states develop at the Fermi surface,
inducing anomalous Friedel oscillations (and peculiar
spin textures) in the TDOS.
G. Dolcetto, F. C., D. Ferraro, and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 085425 (2013)
G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 87, 235423 (2013)
G. Dolcetto, N. T. Ziani, M. Biggio, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Physica Status Solidi RRL 7, 1059 (2013)
G. Dolcetto, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Phys. Rev. B 89, 125419 (2014)
F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, F. C., and M. Sassetti, Europhys. Lett. 107, 47010 (2014)
F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

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Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics near the Fermi surface

Non-helical physics

Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Collective excitation wavefunction

Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Collective excitation wavefunction

CE magnetization

Physics near the Fermi surface

The quasi-helical LL states

exist near the Fermi surface

Collective excitation wavefunction

CE magnetization

Peculiar spin textures

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

Peculiar spin textures

F. M. Gambetta, N. T. Ziani, S. Barbarino, F.C., and M. Sassetti, Submitted (2015)

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