Gas Gathering
Workshop
In this example, a gas gathering system located on varied terrain is simulated using
the steady state capabilities of Aspen HYSYS. The following figure shows the
physical configuration of this system superimposed on a topographic map. The
system consists of four wells distributed over an area of approximately 2.0 square
km, connected to a gas plant by a network of pipelines.
Figure 1
The gas in this case is varied; both sour and sweet gases are being combined in the
pipeline, as well as a gas condensate mixture. A Mixer combines all of the incoming
gas streams from the outlying wells into one common header. Flowlines extending
from this central site to each of the individual wells are modeled in Aspen HYSYS
using the Pipe Segment operation. Since the plant is located in an area with mixed
terrain, the elevation changes must be accounted for in the Pipe Segments.
Additional Mixer operations are used to model mixing points where flows from
remote wells are combined in common lines.
Learning Objectives
After you have completed this module, you will be able to use the Pipe Segment in
Aspen HYSYS to model pipelines.
Prerequisites
Before beginning this module, you need to know how to add streams and unit
operations. You also need to complete the Oil Characterization Module.
Process Overview
Pipe Diameters for each of the branches are:
Pipe Branch
Diameter
Branch 1
76.2 mm (3)
Branch 2
101.6 mm (4)
Branch 3
76.2 mm (3)
Branch 4
101.6 mm (4)
Branch 5
76.2 mm (3)
Branch 6
152 mm (6)
Branch 7
152 mm (6)
Schedule 40 steel pipe is used throughout and all branches are buried at a depth of 1
m (3 ft). All pipes are uninsulated.
Elevation data for each of the branches are provided in the following table. Branches
that traverse undulating terrain have been subdivided into a number of segments with
elevation points assigned at locations where there is a significant slope change. Such
locations in the network are labeled on the schematic diagram with the elevation
value in italics.
Branch
Segment
Branch 1
GasWell 1
Branch 2
Branch 4
Branch 6
6 (15)
125 (410)
636.5 (2089)
-8.5 (-21)
100 (325)
637 (2090)
0.5 (1)
GasWell 2
614 (2015)
200 (665)
GasWell 3
637 (2090)
23 (75)
635.5 (2085)
160 (525)
648 (2125)
12.5 (40)
100 (325)
634 (2080)
-14 (-45)
205 (670)
633 (2077)
-1 (-3)
Branch 1 & 2
637 (2090)
355 (1165)
GasWell 4
633 (2077)
-4 (-13)
632.5 (2075)
180 (590)
625 (2050)
-7.5 (-25)
165 (540)
617 (2025)
-8 (-25)
Branch 3 & 4
633 (2077)
300 (985)
Branch 5 & 6
1
639 (2095)
645 (2110)
1
Branch 7
Elevation
Change
meters (feet)
150 (500)
1
Branch 5
Elevation
meters (feet)
1
Branch 3
Length
meters
(feet)
617 (2025)
633 (2077)
-16 (-52)
617 (2025)
340 (1115)
604 (1980)
-13 (-45)
Process Overview
Nitrogen
n-Pentane
H2S
n-Hexane
CO2
C7+*
Methane
H2O
Ethane
NBP[0]92*
Propane
NBP[0]171*
i-Butane
NBP[0]243*
n-Butane
NBP[0]322*
i-Pentane
NBP[0]432*
GasWell 2
GasWell 3
GasWell 4
Temperature C (F)
40 (105)
45 (115)
45 (115)
35 (95)
4135 (600)
3450 (500)
<empty>
<empty>
Flow kgmole/h
(lbmole/hr)
425 (935)
375 (825)
575 (1270)
545 (1200)
The pipe segment offers three calculation modes: Pressure Drop, Flow, and
Length; the appropriate mode will automatically be selected depending on the
information supplied. In order to solve the pipe, you must supply enough information
to completely define both the material balance and energy balance.
In this simulation, we will be using seven individual pipe segment operations in the
gathering system. In addition, each Pipe Operation may contain multiple segments to
represent the various elevation rises and drops.
Connections page
On the Connections page, the Inlet (Feed), Product, and Outlet (Energy) stream
connections are made.
2.
Figure 2
Parameters page
On this page, you can select the gradient method that will be used for two- phase
(VL) flow calculations. The options are:
Aziz, Govier & Fogarasi
Baxendell & Thomas
Beggs & Brill
Duns & Ros
Gregory, Aziz, Mandhane
Hagedorn & Brown
HTFS, Liquid Slip
HTFS, Homogeneous Flow
OLGAS2000_2P
OLGAS2000_3P
Orkiszewski
Poettman & Carpenter
For single phase streams,
the Darcy equation is used
for pressure drop
predictions.
Rating tab
Sizing page
On the Sizing page, you construct the length-elevation profile for the Pipe Segment.
Each pipe section and fitting is labeled as a segment. To fully define the pipe
sections segments, you must also specify pipe schedule, diameters, pipe material and
a number of increments.
The first pipe, Branch 1 is broken into three segments.
3.
Add the first segment to the pipe unit operation by clicking the Append
Segment button. Specify the following information for the segment.
In this cell...
Enter...
Fitting/Pipe
Pipe
Length
Elevation Change
6 m (15 ft)
4.
5.
6.
7.
Use the default Pipe Material, Mild Steel, and the default Roughness, 4.572e- 5
m (0.0018 inch).
10
8.
In this cell...
Enter...
Enter...
Segment
Fitting/Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Length
Elevation
0.5 m (1 ft)
Schedule
40
40
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 inch)
76.2 mm (3 inch)
When all three segments have been added and defined, the view should look like the
following figure:
Figure 4
The Pipe Segment is not yet able to solve because we have not specified any
information about the heat transfer properties of the pipe.
10
11
For all pipes in this simulation, use the Estimate HTC method.
9.
When using the Estimate
HTC option, you have to
specify the Ambient Temp
on the Overall HTC page
10. Switch to the Overall HTC radio button, and enter an Ambient Temperature of
5C (40F).
11
12
11. Switch to the Estimate HTC page, and complete it as shown in the following
figure:
Figure 5
12
13
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 2
Inlet
GasWell 2
Outlet
B2 Out
Energy
B2-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
23 m (75 ft)
Nominal Diameter
101.6 mm (4 in)
Schedule 40
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
5 C Ambient temperature
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 3
Inlet
GasWell 3
Outlet
B3 Out
Energy
B3-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Segment 2
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
13
14
In this cell...
Enter...
Segment 3
Length
Elevation
-1 m (-3 ft)
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
2.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 1
Inlets
B1 Out, B2 Out
Outlet
J1 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
3.
Add two Pipe Segments to your case with the values provided in the following
tables.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 4
Inlet
J1 Out
Outlet
B4 Out
Energy
B4-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
-4 m (-13 ft)
Nominal Diameter
101.6 mm (4 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
14
15
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 5
Inlet
GasWell 4
Outlet
B5 Out
Energy
B5-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Segment 2
Length
Elevation
-8 m (-25 ft)
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
4.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 2
Inlets
B3 Out, B4 Out
Outlet
J2 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
Equalize All
15
16
5.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 6
Inlet
J2 Out
Outlet
B6 Out
Energy
B6-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
152.4 mm (6 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
6.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 3
Inlets
B5 Out, B6 Out
Outlet
J3 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
Equalize All
16
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7.
Add another Pipe Segment to the simulation with the following values:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 7
Inlet
J3 Out
Outlet
B7 Out
Energy
B7-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
152.4 mm (6 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer, and Pipe
Wall HTC
17