Scribd Logo
Unggah

Selamat datang di Scribd!

  • Havukainen How To Utilize Fish Waste in Sustainable Way 2014425

    Diunggah oleh

    Anonymous oRIJYGum
    33 tayangan18 halaman
    This document discusses how fish waste can be utilized in a sustainable way. It notes that unutilized fish waste disposed in landfills causes negative environmental impacts. However, fish waste contains valuable nutrients and can be processed into useful products. Specifically, the document outlines how fish waste properties vary based on fish species and parts. It then describes how fish waste can be converted into fish oil, biogas, fertilizers, and other industrial applications. The focus is on separating fish oil through various mechanical and heating processes, and using the oil to produce biodiesel through transesterification or directly in engines. Anaerobic digestion of fish waste is also discussed as a way to produce biogas. Examples from Finland of existing biogas

    Deskripsi Asli:

    wqert

    Judul Asli

    Havukainen How to Utilize Fish Waste in Sustainable Way 2014425

    Hak Cipta

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Format Tersedia

    PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd

    Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

    Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

    Laporkan Dokumen Ini
    This document discusses how fish waste can be utilized in a sustainable way. It notes that unutilized fish waste disposed in landfills causes negative environmental impacts. However, fish waste contains valuable nutrients and can be processed into useful products. Specifically, the document outlines how fish waste properties vary based on fish species and parts. It then describes how fish waste can be converted into fish oil, biogas, fertilizers, and other industrial applications. The focus is on separating fish oil through various mechanical and heating processes, and using the oil to produce biodiesel through transesterification or directly in engines. Anaerobic digestion of fish waste is also discussed as a way to produce biogas. Examples from Finland of existing biogas

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    33 tayangan18 halaman

    Havukainen How To Utilize Fish Waste in Sustainable Way 2014425

    Diunggah oleh

    Anonymous oRIJYGum
    This document discusses how fish waste can be utilized in a sustainable way. It notes that unutilized fish waste disposed in landfills causes negative environmental impacts. However, fish waste contains valuable nutrients and can be processed into useful products. Specifically, the document outlines how fish waste properties vary based on fish species and parts. It then describes how fish waste can be converted into fish oil, biogas, fertilizers, and other industrial applications. The focus is on separating fish oil through various mechanical and heating processes, and using the oil to produce biodiesel through transesterification or directly in engines. Anaerobic digestion of fish waste is also discussed as a way to produce biogas. Examples from Finland of existing biogas

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 18

    How to utilize fish waste in a

    sustainable and eco-efficient way

    Fish waste utilization


    Unutilized fish waste causes emissions when
    disposed into landfill
    Landfill gas
    Smell
    Leachate

    Fish waste can be processed into valuable


    products
    Avoiding negative impacts while getting added
    value from waste

    Fish waste properties


    Fish

    Fish part

    Moisture

    Lipid/fat Protein

    Ash

    wt-%

    wt-%

    wt-%

    wt-%

    Reference

    Pink
    salmon

    Liver

    77

    3.3

    19

    1.5

    Bechtel & Oliveira 2006

    Trout

    Head

    70 2.8

    12 0.6

    14 0.4

    4 0.3

    Kotzamanis et al. 2001

    Frame

    71 1.4

    11 1.1

    15 1.2

    3 0.4

    Tails

    73 1.5

    7 0.7

    16 1.1

    5 0.5

    Mean of waste 2

    70 1.9

    11 3.1

    15 0.9

    3 0.9

    Intestines

    56 2.8

    35 2.7

    8 1.2

    1 0.2

    Salmon

    Head

    Salmon

    Head

    71

    3.9

    14

    3.9

    Jayasinghe & Hawboldt

    Viscera

    78

    1.8

    17

    1.8

    2012

    Viscera

    59

    24

    Salmon
    2

    16

    Weighted mean of heads, frames and tails

    Mbatia 2011

    Sun et al. 2006

    Fish waste utilization

    Fish oil and biodiesel production


    Biogas production
    Meal and fodder
    Fertilizers
    Industrial applications of fish oil
    Medical applications of fish oil

    Fish waste utilization


    Fish oil separation
    Crushing
    Heating for enabling oil extraction in pressing
    Pressing
    Centrifuging of oil to remove solids
    Heating of oil to remove water

    Fish oil separation


    FISH
    WASTE

    COOKER

    CRUDE OIL
    STICK WATER
    FINE SOLIDS

    PRESSING

    CAKE

    SOLIDS

    CENTRIFUGING

    STICK
    WATER

    PRESSING

    HEATING

    DRYING

    FISH OIL

    FISH MEAL

    WATER

    WATER

    Fish oil use


    Fish oil use directly
    Heat boiler
    Diesel engine: complications from higher viscosity
    than biodiesel, does not burn as cleanly as
    biodiesel

    Oil free fish waste


    Can be used to produce fish meal / fertilizers

    Fish oil biodiesel


    Biodiesel production by transesterification
    Short chain alcohol: methanol or ethanol
    Catalyst: base or acid (for example sodium hydroxide
    lye)
    Usually: base catalyzed methanol transesterification

    1 Fish oil mixed with alcohol and catalyst


    2 Heating the mixture (for example 70 oC)
    3 Separating glycerol and biodiesel
    4 Cleaning the biodiesel

    Fish oil biodiesel


    FISH OIL

    100 kg
    BASE/ACID
    CATALYST

    ALCOHOL TRANSESTERIFICATION

    10-20kg

    2 kg

    BIODIESEL + GLYCEROL
    GLYCEROL
    SEPARATION

    BIODIESEL
    WATER

    WASHING

    GLYCEROL

    10-20 kg
    GLYCEROL
    WATER
    IMPURITIES

    FINAL PURIFICATION

    BIODIESEL

    GLYCEROL PROCESSING

    100 kg

    Biodiesel production

    Biodiesel production from used vegetable oil Ermaavirta Biodiesel production unit
    On a farm in Parikkala Finland

    Biodiesel
    Is biodegradable
    Helps keeping the fuel system clean
    Higher flash point (minimum 130 oC) than
    regular diesel (minimum 52 oC) safer
    Lower engine emissions than regular diesel
    CO,PM, HC, NOx

    Biodiesel
    Biodiesel will start to thicken at lower
    temperatures

    Fish waste biogas


    Biogas production by anaerobic digestion
    Microbes consume organic waste and produce
    biogas (methane and carbon dioxide)
    Digestate can be used as fertilizer

    Manure and sewage sludge could be utilized


    together with fish waste
    Oil-free fish waste can be used in biogas
    production
    Typical biogas production facilities
    5000 120 000 t/a feedstock

    Biogas plant

    Biovakka biogas plant Vehmaa, Finland


    http://www.biovakka.fi/vehmaan-biokaasulaitos

    Biovakka

    Biovakka biogas plant Vehmaa, Finland


    http://www.biovakka.fi/vehmaan-biokaasulaitos

    Fish processing plants in


    Republic of Karelia

    Potential in Republic of Karelia


    LLC "Rayguba"
    PE N.V. Fedorenko
    Ltd. "Kala ja maryapoyat
    LLC "Segozerskoye
    Ltd. "Nordost Rybprom
    LLC "Rainbow
    Ltd. "RokFor
    Kala Ranta
    Ladozskaja Forel
    Total

    Fish waste
    t/a
    560
    150
    150
    300
    500
    100
    150
    170
    500
    2580

    Manure 340 000 t/a


    Biogas 85 000 MWh/a
    Sewage sludge 11 000 t/a
    Biogas 3 100 MWh/a

    Oil (10%)
    260 t/a
    As biodiesel (40 MJ/kg)
    2900 MWh/a

    Thank you for attention!

    Anda mungkin juga menyukai