SPECIFICATION

Specification
Title:
Specification
Owner:

Topographical Survey

Specification
Number:
Issuing
Authority:

Civil & Structural

CMS-830-03-SP-10001
Manager Civil & Structural
Tyler/Chief Civil & Structural
Engineer London

TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY

Issued for Use

Rev
UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Changes

JB/NB

05 Jan 2009

Approved

Date
Page 1 of 13

"THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON COMPANY (CB&I). IT MAY CONTAIN INFORMATION
DESCRIBING TECHNOLOGY OWNED BY CB&I AND DEEMED TO BE COMMERCIALLY SENSITIVE. IT IS TO BE USED ONLY IN
CONNECTION WITH WORK PERFORMED BY CB&I. REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN
WORK PERFORMED BY CB&I IS FORBIDDEN EXCEPT BY EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION OF CB&I. IT IS TO BE
SAFEGUARDED AGAINST BOTH DELIBERATE AND INADVERTENT DISCLOSURE TO ANY THIRD PARTY."

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

Table of Contents
Contents

Page

1.0

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1
Purpose.......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2
Scope ............................................................................................................................................. 3
2.0
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................................... 3
3.0
DEFINITIONS............................................................................................................................................ 3
4.0
ACCESS AND PERMITS ......................................................................................................................... 3
5.0
EXECUTION ............................................................................................................................................. 4
5.1
General........................................................................................................................................... 4
5.2
Utilities ........................................................................................................................................... 4
5.3
Topographic Map Contents ......................................................................................................... 4
5.4
Permanent Reference Monuments.............................................................................................. 6
5.5
Field Survey Requirements ......................................................................................................... 7
5.6
Aerial Photography....................................................................................................................... 7
5.7
Computer Graphics Data ............................................................................................................. 8
5.8
Survey and Project Coordinate System ..................................................................................... 9
6.0
REPORTING ............................................................................................................................................. 9
6.1
Materials ........................................................................................................................................ 9
6.2
Records.......................................................................................................................................... 9
7.0
APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................................... 10
APPENDIX 7.1 - TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND MAPPING - SURVEY DATA LEVEL TABLE................... 11

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 2 of 13

Topographical Survey

1.0

Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

INTRODUCTION
1.1

Purpose
The purpose of this specification is to provide the Sub Contractor or Surveyor with
requirements for furnishing adequate field data and information on existing facilities, utilities,
site topography, and boundaries.

1.2

2.0

Scope
1.2.1

This specification prescribes the field survey, photogrammetry and office work required
to compile a topographic map of a land area identified in the Contract Documents.

1.2.2

All reports, mapping and drawing text, dimensions and elevations shall be expressed
in the English language. Units adopted shall be in the Metric system or English
(Imperial) system in accordance with the Project Specifications.

REFERENCES
Except as modified by the requirements specified herein or the details of the drawings, work included in
this specification shall conform to the applicable provisions of relevant National institutions and
Government Regulations.

3.0

DEFINITIONS
The following terms are defined as stated, unless otherwise indicated:

4.0

Term

Definition

Contractor

EPC Contractor (CB & I)

Contract documents

The complete set of documents that defines the specific

obligations and rights of the parties involved in the
accomplishment of the work covered by these specifications.

GPS (Global Positioning

System)

Describes the survey procedure conforming to the U.S. Federal

Geodetic Control Committee (FGCS) standards as outlined in
their publication dated May 1988, Version 5.0, reprinted August
1989, for using GPS relative positioning techniques.

Sub-Contractor or Surveyor

The individual, partnership, firm or corporation, qualified to

practise professional land surveying under the laws of the state,
province or country in which the property lies, and is contractually
obligated to perform the specified topographic mapping services.

True coordinate position

The position of a point as determined by field survey originating

on a known control survey marker, and performed to the precision
and adjusted as required for second order surveys (i.e. the
horizontal error of closure shall not exceed 1 in 20,000 and the
angular error of closure shall not exceed ten seconds times the
square root of the number of instrument stations in the traverse,
all before adjustment).

ACCESS AND PERMITS

4.1

Where required, approvals and permits shall be sought by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor for
access to existing plants within the limits of mapping.

4.2

For the Jetty Areas, permission to enter shall be obtained from relevant Port Authority.

4.3

The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall obtain all work permits or authorizations required for
performance of the work.

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 3 of 13

Topographical Survey

5.0

Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

EXECUTION
5.1

5.2

General
5.1.1

All survey works undertaken by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall be carried out by
qualified surveyors and in accordance with Government Regulations. The Sub
Contractor or Surveyor shall ensure compliance with all Health and Safety Regulations
of the relevant country.

5.1.2

Detailed field survey works shall be preceded by a reconnaissance survey of the

survey area. If this initial field work indicates a need for modification of the work
scope, the Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall immediately inform the Contractor.

Utilities
If the Sub Contractor or Surveyor is required to perform any excavation, he shall ensure that no
underground utilities are affected by contacting the relevant authority. Safety of all personnel
and general public shall be ensured by performing work at sufficient distance away from the
underground and over ground utilities.

5.3

Topographic Map Contents

5.3.1

Limits of Mapping
The mapped area shall include the entire area of the property identified in the separate
drawing provided by the Contractor. Any deviation with respect to the extent of the
survey boundary shall be advised by the Contractor.

5.3.2

Planimetric Details
5.3.2.1

General
Show accurately all significant natural and manmade features within the
limits of mapping including, but not limited to, the following:
1.

2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.
10.
UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Highways, roads, streets, driveways- typical details like centreline,

edges of roads, lane markings, edge of shoulders, curbs, gutters,
drainage, top and toe of embankment, surface type, clearances
(vertical and horizontal), road features like lighting posts, traffic
lights, large trees etc.
Railroads- centreline, top of tie, top of rails, type of rail, top and
details of ballast slope, clearances (vertical and horizontal),
features like switches, crossings, equipment, junction boxes, large
trees etc.
Bridges, culverts, headwalls, tunnels
Walls (top and bottom levels)
Field lines, overhead power lines including location details of
supports and vertical clearances.
Pipelines-. location, elevation, type, and size of underground
pipelines and utilities at 10m (30ft) intervals and at the change in
direction of the pipelines. The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall
also locate underground pipelines in accordance with As Built
drawings and visible features, such as manholes, clean-outs,
sumps and etc. in the field.
Manholes and other visible at grade utility structures including
invert levels, size and materials
Buildings and other structures (such as transformers, tanks,
towers, paved aprons, locks, and outfalls)
Dumps, storage areas
Shorelines, streams, ditches, channels, and other drainage ways
Page 4 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

11.

Clearances vertical and horizontal clearances for roads,

railroads, pipes and piperacks

Show the following demarcation lines lying within the mapping area:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
5.3.2.2

Property lines and battery limits

Fence lines including type and height of fences
Set-back lines
Easement lines
Right-of-way lines
Associated monuments (including aerial targets)

Coordinate Grid System

1.
2.

The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall compile the survey map

based on a coordinate grid system.
The coordinate grid system for the works shall be any one of the
following systems.
a.
b.
c.

3.
4.
5.3.2.3

National Grid System

Local project grid system with Northing/Easting and
origin specified by the Contractor.
The local project system shall be tied to the National
Grid System at the Permanent Reference Monuments,
Project Bench Marks and the origin.

Show the grid system on the map true to scale in the right
orientation
Indicate on the drawing the permanent reference monuments to
which the field work is tied for horizontal control.

Map Scale
Prepare map for display at a scale consistent with Table 5.1.

5.3.3

Topographic Details
5.3.3.1

General
1.

The topographic survey shall be carried out on the basis of a

square grid allowing for suitable grid sizes and contour intervals
sufficient to show accurate terrain details. The following table 5.1
provides the recommended topographic survey parameters :

Table 5.1: Recommended Map Scales and Contour Intervals

Plots

Alignments

Scale

1: 200 or less

1: 250

1: 500

1: 750

1: 1000

Contour vertical Interval, m (ft)

0.25 (0.75)

0.33 (1.0)

0.50 (1.5)

0.75 (2.5)

1 (3.0)

Grid Size m (ft)

10 (30)

15 (50 )

20 (65)

30 (100)

40 (130)

2.

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

The map shall show spot elevations at all high points and low
points, and at points of grade change between contours as
necessary to accurately depict irregular terrain features. All invert
elevations for storm drains/culverts, open channel drainage
channels and sanitary sewer lines within the mapped area shall be
shown on the topographic map of the area.

Page 5 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

5.3.3.2

Elevation Datum
The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall relate map elevations to National
and/or local datum, which shall be instructed by the Contractor prior to the
commencement of field survey activities.

5.3.3.3

Project Bench Mark

The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall establish a project bench mark at
suitable locations in the vicinity of the project as shown on Contractor
supplied project drawing.
The project bench marks shall be new
permanent reference monuments set by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor or
shall be suitable marks placed on secure, stable objects that are easily
identifiable and recoverable. Show the project bench marks on the map
and clearly identify them by description, true coordinate position, and
specified datum.

5.3.4

Map Accuracy
The completed map, when displayed at the specified map scale, shall be based on the
National grid system/Local grid system as defined in the project drawings and Section
5.3.2.2 of this specification. Grid lines and Permanent Ground Markers shall be drawn
to an accuracy of 0.3mm (1/100 in) maximum tolerance.

5.4

Permanent Reference Monuments

Permanent reference monuments required shall be one of the types defined below. Sub
Contractor or Surveyor shall select the type to be used in consideration of the degree of
permanency required and of the terrain and physical conditions in the vicinity of the monument.
Monuments shall be away from the construction traffic with clear identification details for ease
of reference.
5.4.1

Concrete Monument
Concrete monument shall consist of a reinforced concrete post at least 100mm (4in) in
width or diameter with its precise position marked by either a point on a brass or
aluminium cap, a formed cross, or a metal rod. The monument shall be placed so as
to be solid and free from movement. When a brass or aluminium cap is used, it shall
have the registration number of the land surveyor responsible or the corporate
registration number or name legibly stamped or imprinted on it. The monuments shall
be placed at least 600mm (25in) into the ground and shall be solid and free from
movement.

5.4.2

Cast iron or Aluminium

Manufactured cast iron or aluminium survey markers shall be no less than 600mm
(25in) in length with their precise position marked by a point or cross, and having the
registration number or name, legibly stamped or imprinted on them. The monuments
shall be placed at least 600mm (25in) into the ground unless encased in concrete, and
shall be solid and free from movement. Non-ferrous rod markers shall have ceramic
magnets attached to aid in recovery.

5.4.3

Solid or Coated Steel or Aluminium Rods

Solid or coated steel or aluminium rod markers shall be not less than 16mm (0.6in) in
diameter and not less than 600mm (25in) in length. These monuments shall have a
cap affixed of the same or compatible metal bearing the registration number of the land
surveyor in responsible charge, or the corporate registration number or name legibly
stamped or imprinted on them. The monuments shall be placed at least 600mm (25in)
into the ground unless encased in concrete, and shall be solid and free from
movement. Non-ferrous rod markers shall have ceramic magnets attached to aid in
recovery.

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 6 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

5.4.4

Brass and Aluminium Disk

Brass and Aluminium disks shall be not less than 50mm (2in) in diameter,
countersunk, and well cemented in a drill hole in either solid rock or concrete with
precise positions marked by a point or cross, having the registration number or name
legibly stamped or imprinted on them. Ceramic magnets shall be attached or installed
with the disks to aid in recovery

5.5

Field Survey Requirements

5.5.1

General
The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall perform all field survey and reconnaissance work
required to establish horizontal and vertical control sufficient to achieve the specified
map accuracy. Any sufficient supplementary field survey work to ascertain the true
horizontal and vertical location of existing features, verification of discrepancies in the
final survey shall be included in the original scope of works..

5.5.2

Field Notes and Records

The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall maintain clear, neat, and legible field notes
showing all measurements made, together with sufficient sketches and narrative
descriptions to ensure that the work performed can be accurately interpreted by
anyone familiar with common surveying practices and procedures. Two copies of all
calculations shall be supplied. Field notes shall be retailed by the Sub Contractor or
Surveyor for a minimum period of two years on completion of the survey.

5.5.3

Accuracy
5.5.3.1

The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall perform field survey work with
sufficient precision to ensure that the required accuracy of the finished map
is achieved. All readings not complying with the specifications below shall
be corrected by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor at his own expense.

5.5.3.2

The computed coordinate position of each horizontal control point used in

compiling the map shall be correct within the limits of Second Order, Class
II surveys.

5.5.3.3

The horizontal closure for the traverse shall be limited to the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

5.6

Distance (ratio)- 1:20000

Angle (secs)- 5 times square root of N where N is the number of
angle stations.
Vertical (elevation) closure shall be limited to limits of a Third Order
survey. This limit is defined as follows:
In mm = 12 times the square root of K where K = Distance in
Kilometres
In ft = 0.05 times the square root of M where M = Distance in Miles

Aerial Photography
5.6.1

General
The topographic mapping may be accomplished by aerial photogammetric methods
using precision aerial mapping cameras. All requirements of this specification and the
other contract documents shall be satisfied. If aerial photography is used, a complete
2 sets of prints and 1 set of negatives of all photographs taken shall be furnished to the
Contractor.

5.6.2

Flight Plan
When aerial topographic methods of obtaining topographic data are to be used, the
Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall prepare and submit a proposed flight plan showing
the flight lines to be flown and the ground control points which will be utilized. Each

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 7 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

flight line will be flown continuously across the project area. The principal points of the
first two and the last two exposures of each flight strip shall fall outside the boundaries
of the area to be mapped. The flight plan shall be submitted to the Contractor for
approval prior to the flying of any aerial photography.
5.7

Computer Graphics Data

5.7.1

General Data Requirements Data Format

a.

b.

c.

d.

Electronic data shall be supplied by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor in a format

compatible with the generally widely used electronic data transfer systems,
and shall not require special file conversion routines to transfer into
Contractors preferred format.
An electronic design file shall be provided for each of the final topographic
maps. A composite file of the total mapped area shall be produced in one
electronic design file, in addition to the individual topographic maps. The
graphics in this file shall be full size, 1:1. This composite file shall be supplied
to the Contractor along with the individual scaled map files.
The composite design file shall be sent to the Contractor within two weeks of
completion of the survey, with or without contours but complete with all other
information and prior to completion of the individual map files.
Additional survey data required by the contract documents shall be
incorporated into final electronic design file and provided in a suitable
(readable) format by the Contractors chosen software in accordance with the
following formats:
AUTOCAD: *.dwg or *.dxf or *.txt
MICROSTATION : *.dgn or *.dxf
Data presentation shall be as follows:
Point Number, Northing, Easting, Elevation, Description - (P, N, E, Z, Desc.)

5.7.2

3-D Data
All 3-D elements representing contours, breaklines, faultlines and centerlines shall be
at the actual Z value.

5.7.3

Data Category Levels

Record map data in separate data category levels in accordance with the Survey Data
Level Table in Appendix 7.1

5.7.4

Scale
Record scale-dependent data (such as text, cells, symbols) at a scale factor suitable
for display at the specified map scale.

5.7.5

Text
Text height shall be in accordance with the following table:
Table 5.2 Recommended Text Details

Paper Size

Text Height mm (in.)

Text

A1/A0

2.5 (1/8)

General Text

A1/A0

3.5 (1/7)

Titles

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 8 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

5.7.6

Working Units
Set up data files on the basis of the following working units:

5.7.7

(MU) Master Units

1 meter (3.3ft)

(SU) Subunits

1000 mm (40 in.)

(PU) Positional Units

80

Symbols and Patterns

Symbols and patterns incorporated into the map shall be appropriate cells available to
the Sub Contractor or Surveyor either of his own creation or as supplied by other
software packages. All symbols and patterns used shall be clearly identified as such in
the map legend on each drawing delivered.

5.8

6.0

Survey and Project Coordinate System

5.8.1

The project coordinate system shall be shown on the Contractor supplied Contract
Drawing. All surveys and drawings shall be carried out with respect to the project
coordinate system and the plant north shown on the drawing. All project elevations will
be with respect to the specified datum.

5.8.2

The project coordinate system origin shall be tied to the National system and defined in
the drawing. Any known or identified discrepancy of National system with respect to
identified existing benchmarks in the vicinity of the project area shall be reported and
resolved before submission of drawings.

REPORTING
Final reporting shall include as a minimum the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Executive Summary
Equipment Descriptions
Logistic Support & Daily operations
Data Collection methods
Drawings.

6.1

Materials
6.1.1

6.1.2

Drawings
6.1.1.1

In addition to the requirements of Section 5.7.1 of this document, drawings

shall be provided for the site in electronic format corresponding to AutoCad
/ Microstation recent versions.

6.1.1.2

Final version of drawings shall be A0, A1 or A3 size subject to Contractors

review/approval of draft copies. Five hard copies of each drawing shall be
provided to a metric scale of 1:500 or alternative (see Table 5.1) as agreed.

Magnetic Media
The Sub Contractor or Surveyor shall provide electronic survey data and drawing files
on CD ROM (CDFS format).

6.2

Records
6.2.1

All electronic records shall be provided by the Sub Contractor or Surveyor in

accordance with clause 5.7 of the specification.

6.2.2

Two sets of legible copies of field notes shall be provided to the Contractor. All field
notes, calculations, maps, and survey drawings provided shall be in English unless
otherwise specified in the contract documents.

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 9 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

6.2.3
7.0

The originals of survey drawings, plots, and maps shall be retained by the surveyor for
a minimum of 2 years or longer if requested by the Contractor.

APPENDICES
7.1

Topographic Survey and Mapping - Survey Data Level Table

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 10 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

APPENDIX 7.1 - TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND MAPPING - SURVEY DATA LEVEL TABLE PAGE 1 OF 3
LEVEL

DESCRIPTION

COLOR

LINE
TYPE

COMMENTS

NOTES

Yellow

GENERAL NOTES, LEGEND, KEY

PLAN, NORTH ARROW

REV CLOUDS

Red

REVISION CLOUDS

REV DELTAS

Red

REVISION DELTAS

MATCHLINES

Blue

MATCHLINES

COLUMN LINES

Red

COLUMN LINES

DETAIL/SECTIO
N

Red

SECTION AND DETAIL SYMBOLS AND

RELATED TEXT

10

DIMENSIONS

Cyan

DIMENSIONS

14

BLDG

Gray

BUILDING FOOTPRINT

15

PAD

Gray

BUILDING PAD OUTLINE

16

EQUIP

Gray

EQUIPMENT OUTLINE

17

PAVING

Gray

ROADS, SIDEWALKS, PARKING LOTS

18

RAILROADS

Gray

RAILROADS

19

SHOULDERS

Gray

ROADS / RAILROAD SHOULDER

20

CENTERLINES

Gray

ROADS / RAILROADS CENTERLINE

21

STATIONING

Gray

ROADS / RAILROADS STATIONING

23

FENCES

Gray

FENCES (ALL)

24

MAJOR

Gray

MAJOR CONTOURS (5, 10, ETC.)

25

MINOR

Gray

MINOR CONTOURS (1, 2, 3,4,6,7,

ETC.)

26

SPOT ELEV

Cyan

SPOT ELEVATIONS

27

SHORE

Blue

SHORE LINES

28

FL

Gray

FLOWLINES

29

RETENTION

Gray

RETENTION PONDS, HOLDING

BASINS

30

SLOPES

Gray

TOPS AND TOES OF SLOPES AND

DIRECTION INDICATORS

5
6

11
12
13

22

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 11 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

APPENDIX 7.1 - TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND MAPPING - SURVEY DATA LEVEL TABLE PAGE 2 OF 3
LEVEL

DESCRIPTION

COLOR

LINE
TYPE

COMMENTS

31

LIMITS

Gray

LIMITS OF GRADING

32

E CONTROL

Gray

EROSION CONTROL

33

FOLIAGE

Gray

FOLIAGE, TREES

34

SD BOXES

Gray

STORM DRAINAGE/AOC BOXES

(MANHOLES, CATCHBASINS)

35

SD PIPES

Gray

STORM DRAIN/AOC PIPES

36

WASTE
STRUCT

Gray

UNDERGROUND WASTE
STRUCTURE

37

WASTE LINES

Gray

UNDERGROUND WASTE LINES

38

FIRE

Gray

FIRE PROTECTION LINES AND

STRUCTURES (HYDRANTS, ETC.)

39

POTABLE
WATER

Gray

UNDERGROUND WATERLINES

40

PL

Gray

PROPERTY LINES/BOUNDARIES

41

MONUMENTS

Gray

SURVEY MONUMENTS

42

GEOTECH

Gray

GEOTECHNICAL DATA

43

GRID

Gray

GRID

44

FRAME

White

FRAME/BORDER

45

TITLE BLOCK

White

TITLE BOX TEXT

46

TRIM

White

TRIM LINE

52

MISC TEXT

Cyan

MISC TEXT

53

MATCHLINE
TEXT

Cyan

MATCHLINE TEXT

54

COLUMN TEXT

Red

COLUMN TEXT

55

MISC TEXT

White

MISC TEXT

56

EQUIP TEXT

White

EQUIPMENT TEXT

57

R/R TEXT

White

RAILROAD TEXT

58

FENCE TEXT

White

FENCE TEXT

59

SD TEXT

White

STORM DRAIN TEXT

60

WASTE TEXT

White

WASTE TEXT

47
48
49
50
51

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 12 of 13

Topographical Survey
Specification Number:

Revision:

Approval Date:

CMS-830-03-SP-10001

05 Jan 2009

APPENDIX 7.1 - TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND MAPPING - SURVEY DATA LEVEL TABLE PAGE 3 OF 3
LEVEL

DESCRIPTION

COLOR

LINE
TYPE

COMMENTS

61

POTABLE
WATER TEXT

White

POTABLE WATER TEXT

62

SURVEY TEXT

White

SURVEY TEXT

63

GRID TEXT

White

GRID TEXT

UNCONTROLLED COPY IF PRINTED

Page 13 of 13