I. INTRODUCTION
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
IMECS 2012
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012 Vol II,
IMECS 2012, March 14 - 16, 2012, Hong Kong
described by linguistic terms. The main objective is to
evaluate the order quantity and reorder point in each period
taking into account the demand and supply uncertainties.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows.
Section 2 is discussed about inventory system. In section 3,
the proposed fuzzy control model is presented. Section 4
illustrates numerical examples taken from historical
inventory data of a furniture company. Finally, a conclusion
is given in the last Section.
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
( + )
20
= =
,
(1)
where
Co : Ordering cost per time.
Ch : Holding cost per unit per period.
Cs : Shortage cost per unit per period.
d : Average weekly demand.
H : Total length of the planning horizon (number of
weeks).
The determinant of when to order in a continuous
inventory system is the reorder point, the inventory level at
which a new order is placed [1]. If demand is uncertain we
must add safety stock into the reorder point, the reorder
point and the safety stock can be computed by [3]
= L+SS,
SS = d,
(2)
(3)
where
R : Unit of reorder point.
SS : Safety stock.
L : Lead time.
d : The standard deviation of weekly demand.
z : The number of standard deviation corresponding to the
service level probability.
IMECS 2012
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012 Vol II,
IMECS 2012, March 14 - 16, 2012, Hong Kong
(0.5Max(S)-R
0.5Max(S)
0.5Max(S)+R
d-d
d+d
R-SS
R+SS
2R
0.25max(S)
0.5max(S)
0.75max(S)
B. Fuzzy Outputs
Conventional inventory model use fixed value of order
quantity and reorder point. However, in real situation of
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
C. Fuzzy Rules
Fuzzy inference type of the proposed system is Mandani.
The relationship between demand (x1), availability of supply
(x2) and order quantity (y1), reorder point (y2) are described
by the following rules:
R1: IF (x1 is Low) AND (x2 is Low)
THEN (y1 is Medium) AND (y2 is High) ELSE
R2: IF (x1 is Low) AND (x2 is Medium)
THEN (y1 is Low) AND (y2 is Medium) ELSE
R3: IF (x1 is Low) AND (x2 is High)
IMECS 2012
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012 Vol II,
IMECS 2012, March 14 - 16, 2012, Hong Kong
THEN (y1 is Medium) AND (y2 is Low) ELSE
R4: IF (x1 is Medium) AND (x2 is Low)
THEN (y1 is Low) AND (y2 is Very High) ELSE
R5: IF (x1 is Medium) AND (x2 is Medium)
THEN (y1 is Medium) AND (y2 is High) ELSE
R6: IF (x1 is Medium) AND (x3 is High)
THEN (y1 is High) AND (y2 is High) ELSE
R7: IF (x1 is High) AND (x2 is Low)
THEN (y1 is Medium) AND (y2 is Very High)
ELSE
R8: IF (x1 is High) AND (x2 is Medium)
THEN (y1 is High) AND (y2 is High) ELSE
R9: IF (x1 is High) AND (x2 is High)
THEN (y1 is High) AND (y2 is High)
By taking the max-min compositional operation, the
fuzzy reasoning of these rules yields a fuzzy output of fuzzy
reasoning. These outputs can be expressed as
Q0 ( y1 ) = ( D 1 ( x1 ) S 1 ( x 2 )) ..( D n ( x1 ) S n ( x 2 )) (4)
R ( y 2 ) = ( D ( x1 ) S ( x 2 )) ..( D ( x1 ) S ( x 2 )) (5)
0
Q , R
i
Finally, a defuzzification method, called the center-ofgravity method [12], is adopted here to transform the fuzzy
inference output into a non-fuzzy value order quantity y01,
y02.
y ( ( y )) ,
(y )
y 2 ( R ( y 2 )) .
y 02 =
R ( y2 )
y 01 =
Q0
Q0
(6)
(7)
In this paper, the non fuzzy value of y01, y02 are order
quantity and reorder point, respectively. These operations
can be done in FIC model which is implemented in Fuzzy
Logic Tool Box of MATLAB.
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
and the total inventory cost. Five sets of data are used to
compare between the conventional stochastic model and the
FIC model at different service levels. An example of a set of
demand and availability of supply data based on normal
distribution is shown in Fig 6.
IMECS 2012
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012 Vol II,
IMECS 2012, March 14 - 16, 2012, Hong Kong
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
IMECS 2012
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012 Vol II,
IMECS 2012, March 14 - 16, 2012, Hong Kong
TABLE II
COMPARISON OF TOTAL COST OF THE STOCHASTIC EOQ MODEL AT SERVICE
LEVEL 99% WITH FIC MODEL
Saving
Stochastic
Fuzzy Logic
Data set
cost
Model
Model
1
2
3
4
5
Average
100,121.90
281,296.20
94,347.50
91,545.75
187,643.25
150,990.92
18,295.90
15,081.80
17,183.00
17,730.60
18,005.05
17,259.27
81.73 %
94.64 %
81.79 %
80.63 %
90.40 %
85.84%
TABLE III
COMPARISON OF TOTAL COST OF THE STOCHASTIC EOQ MODEL AT SERVICE
LEVEL 99.9% WITH FIC MODEL
Saving
Stochastic
Fuzzy Logic
Data set
cost
Model
Model
1
2
3
4
5
Average
19,689.75
94,996.55
79,337.75
31,055.90
185,742.85
82,164.56
18,295.90
15,081.80
17,183.00
17,730.60
18,005.05
17,259.27
07.08 %
84.12 %
78.34 %
42.91 %
90.31 %
60.55 %
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
V. CONCLUSION
In this work a Fuzzy Inventory Control (FIC) model
based on continuous inventory control system was
developed. Both demand and supply uncertainties were
considered in the model. Fuzzy Logic Tool Box of
MATLAB was used to implement the model. Demand and
availability of supply are inputs and order quantity and
reorder point are outputs of the system. Linguistic values
were used for both inputs and outputs. Fuzzy Rules were
constructed according to the historical experience. Five data
sets of inputs were used to evaluate the FIC model
comparing with stochastic models at different service levels.
The obtained results clearly show that FIC model can
extremely save the total inventory cost. Moreover, there was
no shortage in any sets of tested data of FLC model which
means that it provides customer satisfaction although
demand and available of supply are uncertain. The FLC
model is more flexible than the stochastic model because
both order quantity and reorder point are reevaluated
continuously. So, the model can adjust quicker than the
stochastic model.
Fuzzy logic model allows a user to modify or readjust
parameters easily when the situation has been changed. So,
it is possible to extend learning method to the FLC model.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
ISBN: 978-988-19251-9-0
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
IMECS 2012