Solution to the lab paper PH-103

MCQs Answer key

1. b
6. e

2. b
7. a

3. e
8. a

Subjective:

q1q2 q1q3 q2 q3

r13
r 23
r12

U ke
Q1.

qq
qq qq qq

3ke
a
a
a
a

U ke

q2
U 3ke
a
a

When

U 3ke

And as

a
4

q2
q2

4 3ke 4U
(a / 4)
a

, the potential energy

U 0

Q 2.
Uniform charge distributions
Q
3Q

4 3 4R3
R
3
Charge density
Using Gausss Law, we find E both inside and
outside of the sphere.
q
E.da in0
For r < R, Ein is
q
E da in
0

4. a
9. a

5. c
10. a

E (4R 2 )

qin
0

and
E

r
3 0

Qr
4 0 R 3

Ein ke

4 3
r
3

qin

Qr
R3

(A)

For r > R, Eout is

q
E da in
0
E (4R 2 )

qin
0

qin Q
and

Eout

Q
4 0 r 2

Eout ke

Q
r2

(B)
Electric field is directed away from the center of the sphere that produces it.

(a) x = 0
This point is inside sphere-1 and outside the sphere-2
For E1; r = 0, Using Eq. A
Q
E1 ke 3 (0) 0
R
For E2; r=2R, Using Eq. B
Q
Q
E2 k e
ke
2
4R2
2R
(negative x-direction)

E E1 E2

Q
E 0 ke
(i)
4R2


Q
E ke
(i)
4R2

(b) x = R/2
This point is inside sphere-1 and outside the sphere-2
For E1; r = R/2, Using Eq. A
Q R
Q
E1 ke 3 ( ) ke
R 2
2R2
(positive x-direction)
For E2; r=R+R/2=3R/2, Using Eq. B
Q
Q
E2 ke
4ke 2
2
9R
3R

2
(negative x-direction)

E E1 E2

Q
Q 1
Q
E ke
4 ke
i ke 2 i
2
2
2R
9R
18 R

(c) x = R
This point is on the surface of sphere-1 and sphere-2
For E1; r = R, Using Eq. B
Q
E1 ke 2
R
(positive x-direction)
For E2; r=R, Using Eq. B
Q
E2 ke 2
R
(negative x-direction)

E E1 E2

Q
Q
E ke 2 ke 2 i 0
R
R

(d) x = 3R

This point is outside the sphere-1 and lie on the surface

of sphere-2
For E1; r = 3R, Using Eq. B
Q
Q
E1 ke
ke 2
2
9R
3R
(positive x-direction)
For E2; r=R, Using Eq. B
Q
E2 ke 2
R
(positive x-direction)

E E1 E2

Q
Q
10 Q
E ke
ke 2 i ke 2 i
2
9R
R
9
R

Q 3.
1= 4.0 C/m2;
R1=0.5 cm=0.510-2 m
2= -2.0 C/m2; R2=2.0 cm =210-2 m
L=6.0 cm = 610-2 m
Q
Q
1 1 1 2
A1 4R1
Q1 4R12 1
Q1 4 (0.5 10-2 ) 2 (4 10-6 ) 1.25 109 C

Q1 1.25 nC

Q2
Q
22
A2 4R2

Q2 4R22 2
Q2 4 (2 10-2 ) 2 (2 10-6 ) 0.10 108 C

Q2 10 nC
Let P be the point on the x-axis at a distance x from the origin where electric field is zero.
Electric field outside the spherical shell is
Q
E ke 2
r

For shell-1, r=x

Q
E1 ke 21
x
For shell-1, r=x-L
Q2
E2 k e
x L 2
For the given condition at point P,
E1=E2
Q
Q2
ke 21 ke
x
x L 2

x L 2 Q2 x 2
Q1

x L

Q2
xL
Q1

Q2
x
Q1
x

6 102

Q 4.
(i)

1 Q2

Q1

0.0928 m 9.28 cm

9
1 1.25 10

10 109

E = 2.0104 N/C
qe = -1.6010-19 C
a=?
me = 9.110-31kg

F qe E
F me a
and
qE
a e
me

1.6 1019 2 104

a
3.55 1015 m / sec 2
31
9.1 10
Negative sign shows the direction is opposite to the direction of electric field.
(ii)

(a) Co = 50 pF = 5010-12 F
A = 0.35 m2

d=?
Co

o A
d

o A 8.85 10-12 0.35

0.0619 m 6.19 cm
Co
50 10-12

(b) = 5.6
C Co

C 5.6 50 10-12 2.8 1010 F 280 pF

Q 5.
(a) Using Gausss Law, we find E both inside and
outside of the sphere.
qin
E
.da 0
For spherical charge distribution
q
E da in
0
E (4r 2 )

qin
0

qin
4 0 r 2

(i)

r<a
4 3
r
3

qin
E

(ii)

a<r<b
qin Q
E

(iii)

r
3 0

Q
4 0r 2

b<r<c
qin 0
(Charge inside the conductor in electrostatic equilibrium)
E 0

(iv)

r>c
qin Q
E

Q
4 0r 2

(b) Let Q1 be the induced charge on the inner surface of the hollow sphere. Since E = 0 inside
the conductor, the total charge enclosed by a spherical surface of radius b r c must be
zero.
Therefore,
Q Q1 0 Q1 Q

Q1
Q

2
4b
4b 2

Let Q2 be the induced charge on the outside surface of the hollow sphere. Since the hollow
sphere is uncharged, we require
Q1 Q2 0

Q2 Q

Q2
Q

2
4c
4c 2