LEED V4 - Participant - Book

GREEN BUILDING
PRINCIPLES & LEED

LEARN FROM THE EXPERTS
LEED We Make it Easy!
PROVIDER:
GreenCE, Inc.
AUTHOR:
Glen B. Phillips,
LEED AP BD+C, LC
glen@greence.com
360.727.3528
Part 1
INTRODUCTION
Green Principles
USGBC
LEED Rating System & Process
LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION

SUSTAINABLE SITES
WATER EFFICIENCY
Part 2
Part 3
A G E N DA
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE

MATERIALS & RESOURCES
Part 4
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

INNOVATION AND REGIONAL PRIORITY
REVIEW and Exam Strategies
By completing this course, you will be able to:
W H AT W I L L YO U
LEARN?
Learning Objectives
W H AT W I L L YO U
LEARN?
Learning Objectives, Contd.
Explain the various LEED rating systems,

categories, and minimum program
requirements.
List the requirements, strategies and intent of
each credit in LEED v4 for New Construction
Identify the core concepts and define key terms
behind green building.
Differentiate between the many referenced
standards used by LEED v4, such as ASHRAE
Standard 90.1-2010, Green-e Energy product
certification, and the California Department of
Public Health Standard Method v1.1-2010.
Identify best practices for achieving a
sustainable project site, such as site selection,
reducing building footprint and restoring native
vegetation, to reduce impact to the
environment.
Determine appropriate water saving strategies,

such as using non-potable water and selecting
water efficient fixtures, to reduce the use of
municipal drinking water for non-drinking
purposes.
Prioritize strategies related to energy use, such
as energy efficiency, use of clean energy, and
on-going operations, to maximize pay-back and
diminish impact on the environment.
Relate material selection to Life-Cycle
Assessment with concepts such as extending
building stock, redirecting resources back to the
manufacturing process, and sourcing locally
harvested materials, in order to reduce the
environmental impact of using virgin materials.
Explain the ways in which the building process
and operations can affect a projects Indoor
Environmental Quality, such as access to
daylight and views and implementing an Indoor
Air Quality Management Plan.
+ 1 ST TIME IN HISTORY
More people live in urban conditions than in rural

Humanity has reached Peak Oil
` status
1/5 of the population will experience water scarcity in their lifetime
Measured health impacts of environmental toxicity can be verified
by science
Humanity faces a less stable climate and can act now to minimize the
impacts
People ~ Planet ~ Profit
TRIPLE BOT TOM LINE
OUR HEALTH & WELL-BEING

Quality of Life
Access to Nature
Community
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & CLIMATE CHANGE

Fossil Fuels:
Petroleum
Gas
Coal
Water Scarcity
Building Materials Management
Soil Erosion
FINANCIAL BENEFITS
Improved marketability
Increased occupancy & rental rates
Reduced Operating Costs
Energy Savings
Water Savings
WHY BUILD
GREEN?
Climate Change
10%
Human Health
5%
5%
35%
Water Resources
Biodiversity
10%
Green Economy
Community
15%
20%
Natural Resources
IMPACT CATEGORIES
+ USGBC
+ GBCI + LEED
Introduction
USGBC
USGBC
USGBC:
GBCI:
D E V E L O P S & M A I N TA I N S L E E D R AT I N G
SYSTEM
ADMINISTERS:
LEED ACCREDITED PROFESSIONALS &
L E E D B U I L D I N G C E R T I F I C AT I O N
TERMINOLOGY
GBCI
Registration
Buildings are LEED Registered

Buildings are Registered for
LEED Certification
---
Documentation is submitted onto

LEED on-line
GBCI reviews submission
GBCI awards LEED Certification
---
Individuals take an exam

GBCI awards Professional
Credentials
---
Certification
Professional
Credentials
USGBC
Membership
---
Only organizations can be

members of USGBC National
Individuals can be members of
USGBC Chapters
TERMINOLOGY
Member logos are for organizations that are members of National

USGBC.
Program level logos can refer to any number of USGBC programs, from
the LEED rating systems to the Greenbuild conference.
Project level logos are for LEED certification levels. These may never be
used in reference to a project until it has received its certification.
LEED Green Associate and the LEED Green Associate logo are
trademarks owned by the U.S. Green Building Council and are awarded
to individuals under license by the Green Building Certification
Institute.
USGBC AND GBCI LOGOS
LEED
CREDENTIALS
& Process
+ LEED
10
11
12
Rating System
Adaptation
Certification Levels
MPRs
Categories
Scorecards
Credit Intent & Requirements
Credit Forms
Roles
LEED AP
Project Administrator
Team Member
Certification Reviewer
Process
LEED online submittal process
Review: submittal expectations
LEED
The Rating Systems
13
LEED + MARKET
LEED RATING LEVELS
14
Minimum Program Requirements:

W H AT P R O J E C T
TYPES ARE
ELIGIBLE FOR
LEED?
1.
2.
3.
Must be in a permanent location on

existing land
Must use reasonable LEED boundaries
Must comply with project size
requirements
A project must adhere to the

LEED Minimum Program
Requirements (MPRs).
MPR
L E E D B O U N DA R Y
15
Campus Approach
Site Area is the total campus (master site) for
eligible credits
A LEED seeking project can use the campus approach

if it is
on a site with other buildings that use the same site
amenities
as part of a package of buildings seeking LEED
the site can be new or existing
MPR
L E E D B O U N DA R Y
CAMPUS
APPROACH
MPR
L E E D B O U N DA RY
CAMPUS
APPROACH
16
FULL-TIME
E Q U I VA L E N T
Also used for the following credit
calculations:
Bicycle Storage & Shower
Green Vehicles
Parking Capacity
Water Fixtures
Transients:
Students, Visitors, Shoppers,
Customers
LEED RATING SYSTEMS
17
RATING
SYSTEM:
LEED for Building Design and

Construction (BD+C)
LEED for Interior

Design and
Construction (ID+C)
LEED for Operations and

Maintenance (O+M)
Adaptation
New Construction and Major

Renovation
Core and Shell Development
Schools
Retail
Data Centers
Warehouses and Distribution
Centers
Hospitality
Healthcare
Commercial
Interiors
Retail
Hospitality
Existing Buildings
Retail
Schools
Hospitality
Data Centers
Warehouses and Distribution
Centers
Whole Building Design and

Construction
New buildings
All except Homes
Major renovations
Major HVAC renovation
Significant envelope
modifications
Major interior rehabilitation
Interior spaces that

are a complete
interior fit-out.
Existing buildings
Little to no construction
Implementing sustainable
practices for existing buildings:
maintenance
Water/energy use
Environmentally preferred
products & practices for
cleaning & alterations
Sustainable purchasing
policies
Waste-stream management
Ongoing IEQ
Project
Scope
Core and Shell certification is for

buildings that dont include a
complete interior fit-out
RATING
SYSTEM
LEED for Homes
LEED for Neighborhood

Development (ND)
Adaptation Homes and Multifamily Lowrise

Multifamily Midrise
Plan
Project
Project
Scope
Single-family homes and multifamily residential buildings up to 8

stories (over 8 stories use BD+C:
New Construction)
Must be dwelling unit meaning
its own cooking area & bathroom
New land development projects

or redevelopment projects
containing residential,
nonresidential, or a mix of uses.
Principles of smart growth, new
urbanism best practices, and
green building
Notes
Rating System Adaptation is

determined as follows:
based on number of stories and the
1-2 Stories: Homes and Multifamily
Lowrise
3-5 Stories: Select Adaptation based
on the ENERGY STAR program in
which they are participating.
6-8 Stories: Multifamily Midrise
LEED ND: Plan certifies projects

based on planning efforts,
sometimes prior to any
construction
LEED ND: Project is for completed
development projects
LEED RATING SYSTEMS
18
R E F E R E N C E G U I D E S / R AT I N G S Y S T E M S
R AT I N G S Y S T E M A D A P TAT I O N
BD+C
O+M
ID+C
Homes
ND
New
Construction
and Major
Renovations
Commercial
Interiors
Existing
Buildings
Homes and
Multifamily
Lowrise
Plan
Core and
Shell
Development
Retail
Retail
Multifamily
Midrise
Project
Schools
Hospitality
Schools
Retail
Hospitality
Data Centers
Data Centers
Warehouses and
Distribution
Centers
Warehouses and
Distribution
Centers
Hospitality
Healthcare
QUESTION:
What is the first Level of LEED Certification called?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
SAMPLE
QUESTION 1
Platinum
Gold
Silver
Copper
Certification
ANSWER:
o
o
o
o
Platinum
Gold
Silver
Copper
Certification
19
QUESTION:
An existing building on a campus will be renovated. The
building will only be repainted and some light fixtures
will be replaced. Which LEED rating system adaptation
would you use?
1.
2.
3.
4.
SAMPLE
QUESTION 2
5.
LEED BD+C: New Construction

LEED ID+C: Commercial Interiors
LEED O+M: Existing Buildings
LEED BD+C: Core and Shell
LEED BD+C: Schools
ANSWER:
1.
2.
1.
2.
LEED BD+C: New Construction

LEED ID+C: Commercial Interiors
LEED O+M: Existing Buildings
LEED BD+C: Core and Shell
LEED BD+C: Schools
+ LEED CATEGORIES
AND CREDITS
20
LEED RATING SYSTEMS
WITHIN THE LEED

R AT I N G S Y S T E M
What is a prerequisite vs.
a credit?
21
AL L L E E D C AT EG ORI ES
AC RO SS AL L R AT I NG SYST E M S
CO R E L E E D C AT EG OR I ES
22
LEED BD+C, LEED ID+C, LEED O+M,

& L E E D H O M ES
L E E D FO R N E I G H B OR HOO D D E V E LOP MEN T
23
QUESTION:
Which of the following statements are true of LEED?
(Select 3)
1.
All prerequisites are required based on the Rating
System Adaptation.
2.
Registration is awarded when a project completes all
LEED prerequisites.
3.
LEED Categories differ depending on the Rating
System.
4.
Credits within each category offer potential project
points, which determine the LEED Certification level.
SAMPLE
QUESTION 3
ANSWER:
All prerequisites are required based on the Rating
System Adaptation.
o
Registration is awarded when a project completes all
LEED prerequisites.
LEED Categories differ depending on the Rating
System.
Credits within each category offer potential project
points, which determine the LEED Certification level.
+ THE LEED PROCESS

Registration, Integrated Design
and Construction
24
CxA
REGISTRATION
DESIGN REVIEW
LEED PROCESS
DESIGN PHASES
BUILDING LIFE CYCLE
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
25
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
PROJECT
R E G I S T R AT I O N &
C E R T I F I C AT I O N
PROCESS
26
27
H O M ES: C E RT I FIC AT I ON P RO C ESS

1. Register
4. Certify
GBCI Review
Credits: Achieved / Denied
Education: Sharing your
story
Complete Key Forms

Submit Payment
Establish Verification Team
LEED for Homes Provider
LEED for Homes Green
Rater
Energy Rater
Determine project goals
2. Verify
Preliminary rating
Mid-construction visit
Final construction visit
Prepare:
Durability plan
Construction
documents
Contract (scope
of work for
relevant trades)
3. Review
Preliminary review
Final review
Re-review (appeal)
L E E D FO R HO M ES: I NSP EC T I ON
Homes Provider and Green Rater verifies:
Modeled energy performance in EnerGuide

Air and moisture barrier installation
Insulation installation
Air tightness / leakage
Green Features
28
SAMPLE
QUESTION 4
QUESTION:
What statements about the LEED process are true?
(Select 2)
1.
No Credits are awarded during the Design Phase
Submittal
2.
If adequate points are achieved, certification can be
awarded at the completion of the Design Phase
Submittal
3.
If the execution of a design phase credit changes
during construction, it must be resubmitted during
the Construction Phase Submittal
4.
Appeals can only be made after the full application
review.
ANSWER:
No Credits are awarded during the Design Phase
Submittal
o
If adequate points are achieved, certification can be
awarded at the completion of the Design Phase
Submittal
If the execution of a design phase credit changes
during construction, it must be resubmitted during
the Construction Phase Submittal
o
Appeals can only be made after the full application
review.
BD+C
LEED CREDITS
29
L EED CAT EGORIES
+ CREDITS IN DETAIL
Reviewing the intents and
requirements of each
30
LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION
LOCAT ION AN D T R A N S PORTATI O N

CREDIT
LEED for Neighborhood
Development Location
Sensitive Land Protection
High Priority Site
Surrounding Density and
Diverse Uses
Access to Quality Transit
Bicycle Facilities
Reduced Parking Footprint
Green Vehicles
NC
8-16
CS
8-20 8-15 8-16
DC
8-16
WDC
HO
HC EP.
8-16 8-16 5-9
1-2
2-3
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-5
1-6
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-2
31
LOCATION AND T RAN S PORTATION

LT Credit LEED for Neighborhood Development Location
NC
8-16
LEED for Neighborhood Development Location
CS
8-20
S
8-15
R
8-16
DC
8-16
WDC
8-16
HOS
8-16
HC
5-9
Intent
Requirements
To avoid development on inappropriate

sites. To reduce vehicles miles traveled
(vehicles kilometers traveled). To enhance
livability and improve human health by
encouraging daily physical activity.
Locate the project in a neighborhood

certified under LEED-ND.
Certified Plan or Certified Project
under LEED-ND v4, Stage 2 or Stage 3
under LEED-ND Pilot or LEED-ND
v2009.
Credit is mutually exclusive with other
credits in the Location and Transportation
category.
Certification
BD+C: Core &

Shell
BD+C: Schools
BD+C
Healthcare
BD+C (all
others)
Certified
Silver
12
10
10
Gold
16
12
12
Platinum
20
15
16

LT Credit LEED for Neighborhood Development Location
Strategies & Terms
Give preference to potential site locations within in a

LEED ND certified location.
Certain types of LEED ND certifications are eligible,
some are not.
Some projects located in a LEED ND location might
actually earn more points in the other LT credits.
Responsible Party
Owner
32
LT Credit LEED for

Neighborhood
Development Location:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Which of the following potential site locations

would qualify the project for Location and
Transportation credit LEED for
Neighborhood Development Location?
1. A land parcel immediately adjacent to a LEED ND
v4 Certified Project
2. A land parcel within a LEED ND v4 Certified Plan
3. A land parcel within a LEED ND v4 registered
project
4. None of the above
ANSWER:
1. A land parcel immediately adjacent to a LEED ND
v4 Certified Project
A land parcel within a LEED ND v4 Certified Plan
3. A land parcel within a LEED ND v4 registered
project
4. None of the above

LT Credit Sensitive Land Protection
Sensitive Land Protection
Intent
To avoid the development of

environmentally sensitive lands
and reduce the environmental
impact from the location of a
building on a site.
US Department of Agriculture, US CFR

Title 7 (Prime Farmland Designation)
FEMA Flood Zone Designations
US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Threatened and Endangered Species
NatureServe Heritage Program (species
habitat)
NC
1
CS
2
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Option 1. Locate the project on
previously developed land.
Option 2. Site that doesnt meet any
of the sensitive land criteria:
- Prime Farmland
- Floodplains
- Habitat for threatened or
endangered species
- Within 100 feet of water bodies,
except for minor improvements
- Within 50 feet of wetlands, except
for minor improvements
33

LT Credit Sensitive Land Protection
Strategies & Terms
During the site selection process, give preference to

that do not include sensitive elements or restrictive
land types.
Select a suitable building location and design the
building with a minimal footprint to minimize disruption
of the environmentally sensitive areas identified above.
If possible, choose a previously developed site,
therefore there is less environmental impact, since the
site has already been disturbed.
When selecting a site evaluate how much land
disturbance will be involved for construction and the
overall developed portion of the site.
Incorporate the natural features of the site into the site
development.
During design take into account what wildlife has been
living on the site prior to development.
Responsible Party
Owner
Landscape Architect
Ecologist
Environmental
Engineer
Other Local
Professionals
Definition
previously developed
altered by paving, construction, and/or land use that
would typically have required regulatory permitting to
have been initiated (alterations may exist now or in the
past). Land that is not previously developed and
landscapes altered by current or historical clearing or
filling, agricultural or forestry use, or preserved natural
area use are considered undeveloped land. The date of
previous development permit issuance constitutes the
date of previous development, but permit issuance in
itself does not constitute previous development
34
Definition
previously developed site
a site that, prior to the project,
consisted of at least 75% previously
developed land
QUESTION:
LT Credit Sensitive
Land Protection:
SAMPLE QUESTION
To achieve LT Credit Sensitive Land Protection,

which site CAN a project develop on:
1. Previously developed site that is 10 feet above
the elevations of the 100-year flood as defined
by FEMA
2. Prime farmland as defined by USDA
3. Land that has threatened or endangered species
4. Previously undeveloped land this is within 50
feet of a body of water
ANSWER:
Previously developed site that is 10 feet below

the elevations of the 100-year flood as defined
by FEMA
Prime farmland as defined by USDA
Undeveloped land that has threatened or

endangered species
Previously undeveloped land this is within 50

feet of a body of water
35

LT Credit High-Priority Site
NC
1-2
High-Priority Site
CS
2-3
S
1-2
Intent
To encourage project location in areas

with development constraints and
promote the health of the surrounding
area.
US EPA National Priority List

US HUD Federal Empowerment Zone,
Federal Enterprise Community, and Federal
Renewal Community
US Dept. of Treasury, Community
Development Financial Institutions Fund
US HUD Qualified Census Tracts and Difficult
Development Areas
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS
1-2
HC
1-2
Requirements
Option 1. Locate the project on an infill location
in a historic district.
Option 2. Locate the project on one of the
following:
A site listed by the EPA National Priorities List
A Federal Empowerment Zone site
A Federal Enterprise Community site
A Federal Renewal Community site
A Department of the Treasury Community
Qualified Low-Income Community
A site in the US Dept. of Housing and Urban
Developments Qualified Census Tract (QCT)
or Difficult Development Area (DDA)
For projects outside the US, use local
equivalent

NC
1-2
High-Priority Site
Intent
To encourage project location in areas

with development constraints and
promote the health of the surrounding
area.
US EPA National Priority List

US HUD Federal Empowerment Zone,
Federal Enterprise Community, and Federal
Renewal Community
US Dept. of Treasury, Community
US HUD Qualified Census Tracts and Difficult
Development Areas
CS
2-3
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS
1-2
HC
1-2
Requirements
Option 3
Locate the project on a brownfield site with
soil or groundwater contamination where
jurisdiction requires remediation.
Perform remediation as required to the
satisfaction of the jurisdiction
36

Strategies & Terms
During the site selection process, give preference to

brownfield sites
Identify tax incentives and property cost savings,
through the EPAs website.
Coordinate site development plans with remediation
activity, as appropriate.
Restoring brownfields is a regenerative action which
actually leads to improving the environment.
Development of high priority sites relieves pressure on
other sites.
Projects meeting Option 1 and either Option 2 or 3
qualify for exemplary performance
Responsible Party
Owner
Civil
General Contractor
Definition
brownfield
real property or the expansion,
redevelopment, or reuse of which
may be complicated by the presence
or possible presence of a hazardous
substance, pollutant, or contaminant.
37
QUESTION:
Which of the following sites qualify as a High Priority Site
for LEED? (Select 3):
1. Site where reduced costs allow for additional
investment into energy efficiency
LT Credit High-Priority
Site:
2.
Difficult development area as defined by US Housing

and Urban Development
3.
Federal Environmental Community
4.
Federal Empowerment Zone
5.
Infill location in a historic district
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1. Site where reduced costs allow for additional
investment into energy efficiency
Difficult development area as defined by US
Housing and Urban Development
3. Federal Environmental Community

Federal Empowerment Zone
Infill location in a historic district

LT Credit Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses
NC
1-5
Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses
CS
1-6
Intent
S
1-5
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS
1-5
HC
1
Requirements
To conserve land and protect farmland

and wildlife habitat by encouraging
development in areas with existing
infrastructure. To promote walkability,
and transportation efficiency and reduce
vehicle distance traveled. To improve
public health by encouraging daily
physical activity.
Option 1. Surrounding density (2-3 points)

Locate on a site where the surrounding
density within a mile radius meets
separate residential and nonresidential
densities or the combined density
value.
Points are awarded based on density
levels.
Points for average density within mile of project

Combined
Density
Square feet per
acre
Separate Residential and

Nonresidential Densities
LEED Points
Residential
(DU/acre)
Nonresidential
(FAR)
Core & Shell
All Other BD+C
22,000
0.5
35,000
12
0.8
38

Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses
NC
1-5
CS
1-6
Intent
To conserve land and protect farmland

and wildlife habitat by encouraging
development in areas with existing
infrastructure. To promote walkability,
and transportation efficiency and reduce
public health by encouraging daily
physical activity.
S
1-5
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS
1-5
HC
1-5
Requirements
Option 2. Diverse uses (1-2 points)
Locate the building within mile walking
distance to 4-7 (1 point) or 8+ (2 points)
existing and publically available diverse
uses.

Strategies & Terms
During the site selection process, give preference

to urban sites with pedestrian access to a variety
of diverse uses.
Consider sharing the buildings resources with the
local community.
Choose a site where pedestrian access to
surrounding businesses is available.
If there is a diverse use available in the building
itself, only a maximum of 1 can be counted to
fulfill the diverse uses requirements.
A maximum of 2 uses in each use type may be
counted (e.g. 5 restaurants is counted as 2 uses)
Responsible Party
Owner
Developer
39
Definition
diverse use
a distinct, officially recognized business,
nonprofit, civic, religious, or governmental
organization, or dwelling units (residential
use) or offices (commercial office use). It
has a stationary postal address and is
publicly available. It does not include
automated facilities such as ATMs, vending
machines, and touchscreens.
Proximity is determined by drawing a walking path

on a neighborhood map, and showing that the
diverse use is within 1/2-mile walking distance.
Food retail
Supermarket, Grocery w/ produce section
Community-serving retail
Convenience store, Farmers market, Hardware
store, Pharmacy, Other retail
Services
Bank, Family entertainment venue, Gym, health
club, exercise studio, Hair care, Laundry, dry
cleaner, Restaurant, caf, diner (drive-thru only
excluded)
Civic and community facilities
Adult or senior care (licensed), Child care
(licensed), Community or recreation center,
Cultural arts facility, Education facility, Government
office serving public on-site, Medical clinic or office
seeing patients, Place of worship, Police or Fire
station, Post office, Public library, Public park,
Social services center
Community anchor uses
Commercial office (100+ FTE)
40
Definition
walking distance
the distance that a pedestrian must travel
between origins and destinations without
obstruction, in a safe and comfortable
environment on a continuous network of
sidewalks, all weather-surface footpaths,
crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities.
The walking distance must be drawn from an
entrance that is accessible to all building users.
QUESTION:
Which of the following are considered diverse
uses for development density and community
connectivity: (Select 3)
1. Fire station
2. Gas station
3. Hardware
4. Drive-through coffee stand
5. Museum
LT Credit: Surrounding
Density and Diverse Uses
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Fire station
Gas station
Hardware
Drive-through coffee stand
Museum
41

LT Credit Access to Quality Transit
NC
1-5
Access to Quality Transit
CS
1-6
S
1-4
Intent
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS
1-5
HC
1-2
Requirements
To encourage development in locations

shown to have multimodal
transportation choices or otherwise
reduced motor vehicle use, thereby
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air
pollution, and other environmental
and public health harms associated
with motor vehicle use.
Minimum daily transit service for projects with
commuter rail or ferry service only
Locate the project within mile walking

distance of bus, streetcar, or rideshare stops,
or within mile walking distance of bus
rapid transit stops, light or heavy rail
stations, commuter rail stations or ferry
terminals.
Stations may be existing, or planned if they
are sited, funded, and under construction by
the date of the certificate of occupancy and
are complete within 24 months of that date.
Minimum daily transit service for projects with multiple transit
types
Weekday Trips
Weekend Trips
Points
Weekday Trips
Weekend Trips
Core & Shell
All others
24
72
40
40
144
108
60
12
360
216

LT Credit Access to Quality Transit
Strategies & Terms
Qualified transit routes must meet the following:

Paired route service (service in opposite directions)
Only trips in one direction are counted
Only count a single stop for each route
Projects served by two or more transit routes such that
no one route provides more than 60% of the prescribed
levels may earn one additional point, up to the
maximum number of points.
If existing transit service is temporarily rerouted outside
the required distances for less than two years, the
project may meet the requirements, provided the local
transit agency has committed to restoring the routes
with service at or above the prior level.
Responsible Party
Owner
42
E X AM P LE: P U B L I C T R ANSP O RTAT ION AC C ESS
sidewalk
E X AM P LE: P U B L I C T R ANSP O RTAT ION AC C ESS
43
QUESTION:
A project is planned for an urban site. Which of the
following situations might qualify for Access to Quality
Transit? (select 1):
LT Credit Access to
Quality Transit:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
A pedestrian would have to cross a busy interstate to

reach 2 bus lines that stop 1/4 of a mile away.
2.
A pedestrian can walk to 2 bus stops for the same bus

line, both within walking distance.
3.
A pedestrian-accessible commuter train stop will be

built 1/2 mile away, within 1 year of the projects
completion.
4.
A bicycle path runs directly in front of the building.
ANSWER:
o A pedestrian has to cross a busy interstate to reach 2
bus lines that stop 1/4 of a mile away.
o
A pedestrian can walk to 2 bus stops for the same

bus line, both within walking distance.
A pedestrian-accessible commuter train stop will

be built 1/2 mile away within 1 year of the
projects completion.
A bicycle path runs directly in front of the building.

LT Credit Bicycle Facilities
NC
1
Bicycle Facilities
Intent
To promote bicycling and

transportation efficiency and reduce
public health by encouraging utilitarian
and recreational physical activity.
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
Bicycle Network
Building entrance or bicycle storage is
located within 200 yards from a bicycle
network that connects to one or more of the
following within 3-miles by bike:
At least 10 diverse uses
A school or employment center (if project
is 50% or more residential by floor area)
A bus rapid transit stop, light or heavy rail
station, commuter rail station, or ferry
terminal
44

NC
1
Bicycle Facilities
CS
1
Intent
To promote bicycling and

transportation efficiency and reduce
public health by encouraging utilitarian
and recreational physical activity.
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
Bicycle Storage and Shower Rooms
Case 1. commercial or institutional projects
Short term parking for at least 2.5% of all peak
visitors (minimum 4 per building).
Long term bicycle storage for at least 5% of all
regular building occupants (minimum 4 per
building)
One shower for up to 100 occupants, and one
additional shower per 150 additional
occupants.
Case 2. residential projects
Short term parking for at least 2.5% of all peak
visitors (minimum 4 per building).
Long term bicycle storage for at least 30% of all
regular building occupants (minimum one space
per residential unit)
Case 3. mixed-use projects

Meet Case 1 and Case 2 storage requirements
for residential and non-residential spaces
respectively.

Strategies & Terms
Planned bicycle trails or lanes may be counted only

if they are fully funded by the date of the
certificate of occupancy and are scheduled for
completion within one year of that date.
Short-term bicycle storage must be within 100 feet
walking distance of any main entrance.
Long-term bicycle storage must be within 100 feet
walking distance of any functional entry.
Bicycle parking cannot be double counted (storage
allocated to occupants of other buildings cannot be
counted).
LEED CS projects should use default occupancy
counts.
Responsible Party
Architect
Plumbing Engineer
Civil Engineer
and/or
Landscape Architect
45
< 200 yds
10 SHARED USE ROUTE

(BICYCLE/PEDESTRIAN)
E X AMPLE: B I K ES
QUESTION:
Which of the following is true for Bicycle Storage for
LEED?:
1. All bike-commuters must have head-lights
2. Schools have to provide a bike-share program
3. Bike lanes must be provided starting 1 mile away
4. The number of bike racks required is partially
based on peak users
LT Credit: Bicycle
Facilities
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
o
o
All bike-commuters must have head-lights

Schools have to provide a bike-share program
Bike lanes must be provided starting 1 mile away
The number of bike racks required is partially
based on peak visitors
46

LT Credit Reduced Parking Footprint
NC
1
CS
1
S
1
Intent
To minimize the environmental harms

associated with parking facilities,
including automobile dependence,
land consumption, and rainwater
runoff.
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
Do not exceed minimum code

requirements for parking capacity.
Provide parking capacity that is below

the base ratios recommended by the
Parking Consultants Council.
Case 1. Baseline location

Projects that have not earned points
under LT Credit Surrounding Density
and Diverse Uses or LT Credit Access
to Quality Transit much achieve a
20% reduction from the base ratios.

NC
1
Intent
To minimize the environmental harms

associated with parking facilities,
including automobile dependence,
land consumption, and rainwater
runoff.
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
Case 2. Dense and/or transit-served

location
Projects earning 1 or more points
under either LT Credit Surrounding
Density and Diverse Uses or LT
Credit Access to Quality Transit
much achieve a 40% reduction.
All projects
Provide preferred parking for
carpools for 5% of total parking
spaces (not required if no off-street
parking provided).
47

Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Minimize parking lot/garage size.

Consider sharing parking facilities with adjacent
buildings.
Credit calculations must include all existing and new offstreet parking that is leased or owned by the project,
including parking outside the project boundary used by
the project. On-street parking is excluded.
Projects with shared (or pooled) parking, should
calculate compliance using only the projects share of
the pooled parking.
Mixed-use projects should calculate compliance by first
aggregating the parking amount of each use (as
specified by the base ratios) and then calculating the
percentage reduction from the aggregated amount.
Parking spaces for fleet or inventory vehicles are not
counted unless these vehicles are regularly used by
employees for commuting.
Civil Engineer
Owner
74 + 5674SPACES
= 130
+ 56 spaces
= 130TOTAL
total
parking
spacesREQUIRED
required
PARKING
SPACES
74 PARKING SPACES
AVAILABLE
56 PARKING SPACES AVAILABLE
LT Credit: Reduced Parking Footprint

PREFERRED PARKING/ PARKING CAPACITY OVERALL SITE
DRAWING KEY
CARPOOL/VANPOOL
SPACES
EXAMP LE: REDUCED PARK IN G FOOT P RIN T
48
QUESTION:
Minimizing a projects parking lot would (select 2):
1. Mitigate brownfield contamination.
2. Increase building energy consumption.
3. Encourage carpooling.
4. Help reduce the quantity of stormwater run-off.
LT Credit: Reduced
Parking Footprint
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
Mitigate brownfield contamination.
Increase building energy consumption.
Encourage carpooling.
Help reduce the quantity of stormwater run-off.

LT Credit Green Vehicles
NC
1
Green Vehicles
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Intent
Requirements
To reduce pollution by promoting

alternatives to conventionally fueled
automobiles
All Projects
Designate 5% of all parking spaces as preferred
parking for green vehicles, distributed evenly
across parking sections (e.g. between shortterm and long-term parking).
Green vehicles score at least 45 on the
American Council for an Energy Efficient
Economy (ACEEE) annual rating guide, or local
equivalent.
Discounted parking fees of at least 20% is an
acceptable substitute for dedicated spaces.
Option 1. Electric vehicle charging
Install a charging station for at least 2% of all
parking spaces, and reserve these spaces for
exclusive use by plug-in vehicles
Option 2. Liquid, gas, or battery facilities
Install liquid or gas alternative fuel fueling
facilities or a battery switching station sufficient
to serve vehicles equal to 2% of total parking
spaces.
49

Strategies & Terms
If the project is providing discounted parking for green

vehicles, signage must be posted at entrance to parking
area and permanently available to every qualifying
vehicle.
Provide transportation amenities such as alternate-fuel
refueling stations.
Consider sharing the costs and benefits of refueling
stations with neighbors.
Consider issuing discounted parking passes for green
vehicles.
Consider purchasing green fleet vehicles.
Provide preferred parking for green vehicles.
Responsible Party
Owner
Civil Engineer
Definition
preferred parking
the parking spots closest to the main
entrance of a building (exclusive of
spaces designated for handicapped
persons). For employee parking, it
refers to the spots that are closest to
the entrance used by employees.
50
74 + 56 SPACES = 130 TOTAL

PARKING SPACES REQUIRED
74 PARKING SPACES
AVAILABLE
56 PARKING SPACES AVAILABLE
DRAWING KEY
PREFERRED PARKING/ PARKING CAPACITY OVERALL SITE
GREEN VEHICLE SPACES
EXAM P L E: GREEN VEHICL ES
QUESTION:
What would help encourage the use of green
vehicles? (select 2):
1. Provide discounted parking for green vehicles.
2. Designate parking spaces near the building
entrance for green vehicles.
3. Install parking meters.
LT Credit: Green
Vehicles
4. Encourage a car-share program.
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
Provide discounted parking for green vehicles.
Designate parking spaces near the building
entrance for green vehicles.
Install parking meters.
Encourage a car-share program.
51
SUSTAINABLE SITES
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
PREREQUISITE
Construction Activity
Pollution Prevention
Environmental Site Assessment
NC
CS
DC
WDC
HO
HC EP.
X
X
52
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
CREDIT
Site Assessment
Site Development - Protect or
Restore Habitat
Open Space
Rainwater Management
Heat Island Reduction
Light Pollution Reduction
NC
CS
1-2
1-2
2-3
2-3
1-2
1-2
HC
1-2
1-2
2-3 2-3 2-3
2-3
2-3
1-2
1-2 1-2 1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2 1-2 1-2

1
Site Master Plan

Tenant Design and
Construction Guidelines
Places of Respite
DC WDC HO
EP.
1
1
1
Direct Exterior Access
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Prerequisite Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
Prerequisite Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
NC
X
Intent
To reduce pollution from construction

activities by controlling soil erosion,
waterway sedimentation, and airborne
dust.
CS
X
S
X
Retail
X
DC
X
WDC
X
HOS
X
HC
X
Requirements
Create and implement an erosion and

sedimentation control plan for all
construction activities.
Plan must follow 2012 US EPA

Construction General Permit or local
equivalent, whichever is more
stringent.
2012 US EPA Construction General

Permit
53
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
ESC Plans are intended to achieve:

Topsoil protection and loss prevention.
Reduced sedimentation of storm sewers or receiving
streams.
Eliminate sources of air pollution
Projects of all sizes must implement the erosion and
sedimentation control plan not just projects over 1 acre
in size as indicated by the CGP.
Control plan must describe the measures to be
implemented.
Consider employing strategies such as temporary and
permanent seeding, mulching, earthen dikes, silt fencing,
sediment traps and sediment basins.
Stabilization controls for stabilization include:
Mulching, temporary seeding, permanent seeding
Structural controls include:
Silt fence, sediment basin, earth dike, sediment trap
Responsible Party
Civil Engineer
General Contractor
What NOT to do!
54
QUESTION:
Structural controls for erosion and sedimentation
control: (Select 2)
1. Pervious pavement
2. Sediment traps
3. Retaining wall
4. Silt fencing
5. Mulching
SS Prerequisite Construction
Activity Pollution Prevention
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Pervious pavement
Sediment traps
Retaining wall
Silt fencing
Mulching
55
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Site Assessment
NC
1
Site Assessment
CS
1
Intent
To assess site conditions before design

to evaluate sustainable options and
inform related decisions about site
design
Natural Resources Conservation Service,

web soil survey
TR-55 initial water storage capacity
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Survey the site and document the

following:
Topography
Hydrology
Climate
Vegetation
Soils
Human use
Human health effects
Survey should demonstrate the

relationship between site features and
the topics listed above, and describe
how these features influenced the
design.
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
Engage a team to study the site before conceptual

design to identify opportunities and challenges.
Early engagement is critical, as factors such as building
orientation are often set very early in design, and using
the results of the site assessment during this process
can result in better outcomes.
Responsible Party
Landscape Architect
Land Use Planner
Architect
56
QUESTION:
Performing a Site Assessment before conceptual
design can help achieve all of the following EXCEPT:
1. Reduced life-cycle impacts from the building
2. Increased biodiversity on the site
3. Increased participation in vehicle sharing services
4. Reduced cost for renewable energy systems
5. Reduced risk
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
1. Reduced life-cycle impacts from the building
2. Increased biodiversity on the site
Increased participation in vehicle sharing

services
4. Reduced cost for renewable energy systems
5. Reduced risk
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Site Development Protect or Restore Habitat
NC
1-2
Site Assessment
CS
1-2
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1
Intent
Requirements
To conserve existing natural areas and

restore damaged areas to provide
habitat and promote biodiversity.
All Projects
Preserve and protect min 40% of
existing greenfields from development
and construction activity.
Option 1. On-site Restoration (2 points)
Restore 30% of previously developed
site using native or adapted vegetation
and, restore disturbed or compacted
soils that will be vegetated.
Option 2. Financial Support (1 point)
Donate $0.40 per sq.ft. of the total site
to a nationally or locally recognized
land trust or conservation
organization.
57
DEFINITION
greenfield
area that has not been graded,
compacted, cleared, or disturbed and
that supports (or could support) open
space, habitat, or natural hydrology.
DEFINITION
development footprint
the total land area of a project site
covered by buildings, streets, parking
areas, and other typically
impermeable surfaces constructed as
part of the project
58
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
Use local and regional governmental agencies,

consultants, educational facilities and native plant
societies as resources for the selection of appropriate
native or adapted plants.
Vegetated roof surfaces can count as on-site restoration
if the project achieves a density of 1.5 floor-area ratio
or higher and the roof plantings are native or adapted,
provide habitat, and promote biodiversity.
Rain gardens and other vegetated landscape areas
constructed to accommodate rainwater infiltration may
be optionally excluded.
Projects providing Financial Support must select a land
trust or conservation organization within the same EPA
Level III ecoregion or the projects state.
US projects must select an organization accredited by
the Land Trust Alliance.
Non-US projects must select an organization within
100 miles of the project.
Responsible Party
Landscape Architect
Civil Engineer
Ecologist
Owner
DEFINITION
native vegetation
an indigenous species that occurs in a particular
region, ecosystem, and habitat without direct or
indirect human actions. Native species have
evolved to the geography, hydrology, and climate
of that region. They also occur in communities;
that is, they have evolved together with other
species. As a result, these communities provide
habitat for a variety of other native wildlife
species. Species native to North America are
generally recognized as those occurring on the
continent prior to European settlement. Also
known as native plants.
59
DEFINITION
land trust
a private, nonprofit organization that,
as all or part of its mission, actively
works to conserve land by
undertaking or assisting in
conservation easement or land
acquisition, or by its stewardship of
such land or easements (Adapted
from Land Trust Alliance)

OPTION 1 ON SITE RESTORATION
NEW GRAVELPAVE ROAD

NEW CONCRETE ROAD
NEW FLATWORK
VEGETATED OPEN SPACE
FLAGSTONE
PAVERS
PROPERTY LINE
EXISTING TREE
EXISTING CONTOUR
NEW CONTOUR
FENCE
SITE AREA
SITE AREA PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED
PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED AREA RESTORED
PERCENTAGE (MIN 30%)
SITE AREA PREVIOUSLY UNDEVELOPED
PREVIOUSLY UNDEVELOPED AREA PROTECTED
PERCENTAGE (MIN 40%)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
994,116 S.F.
837,549 S.F.
326,544 S.F.
38.99 %
156,567 S.F.
127,556 S.F.
81.47 %
EXAMP L E: P ROT ECT OR RESTORE HAB ITAT
60
QUESTION:
Which of the following would help provide habitat to
native wildlife? (select 3):
1. Limit rainwater run-off.
2. Install a green roof using native plants.
3. Limit the area of construction disturbance
around the buildings footprint.
4. Replace invasive species with native plants.
SS Credit Site Development

Protect or Restore Habitat
SAMPLE QUESTION
5. Allow occupants to bring pets to work.

ANSWER:
o
Limit rainwater run-off.

Install a green roof using native plants.
Limit the area of construction disturbance
around the buildings footprint.
Replace invasive species with native plants.
Allow occupants to bring pets to work.
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Open Space
NC
1
Open Space
Intent
To create exterior open space that

encourages interaction with the
environment, social interaction,
passive recreation, and physical
activities
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Provide open and accessible space

outdoors equal to at least 30% of the
total site area, with at least 25% of this
area vegetated or under a vegetated
canopy.
Open space must be one of the

following:
Pedestrian-oriented
Recreation-oriented
Visual interest
Food production
Habitat
61
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Select a suitable building location and design the

building footprint to minimize site disruption.
Strategies to maximize open space on the site:
stacking the building program
tuck-under parking
share amenities, such as parking, with neighbors
Turf grass does not qualify as vegetated in credit
calculations, although it can qualify as open space.
Vegetated roof surfaces can contribute as vegetated
space if the project achieves a minimum density of 1.5
floor-area ratio (FAR) and the roof plantings are
physically accessible.
Accessible roof areas can contribute if the project
achieves a minimum density of 1.5 FAR.
Wetlands or naturally designed ponds can count if the
side slopes are vegetated and not too steep (average
1:4 or less).
For campus projects (multitenant complex), open space
can be anywhere on the site master plan, provided it is
protected from development.
Landscape Architect
Civil Engineer
Architect
NEW GRAVELPAVE ROAD

NEW CONCRETE ROAD
NEW FLATWORK
FLAGSTONE
PAVERS
PROPERTY LINE
EXISTING TREE
EXISTING CONTOUR
NEW CONTOUR
FENCE
PROJECT SITE AREA

REQUIRED OPEN SPACE
REQUIRED VEGETATED
COMPLIES?
=
=
=
=
=
994,116 S.F.
293,235 S.F.
74,559 S.F.
570,687 S.F
YES
EXAMP L E: M AXIM IZE OP EN S PACE
62
QUESTION:
Which of the following would not help increase the
open space on a site? (select 1):
1. Minimize the buildings footprint.
2. Install a green roof in an urban area.
3. Reduce the parking lot size of an urban site to
allow space for a hardscaped courtyard.
4. Plant only native plants.
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
Minimize the buildings footprint.
Install a green roof in an urban area.
Reduce the parking lot size of an urban site to

allow space for a hardscaped courtyard.
Plant only native plants.
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Rainwater Management
Intent
To reduce runoff volume and improve

water quality by replicating the natural
hydrology and water balance of the
site, based on historical conditions and
undeveloped ecosystems in the region.
NC
2-3
CS
2-3
S
2-3
R
2-3
DC
2-3
WDC
2-3
HOS HC
2-3 1-2
Requirements
Option 1. Percentile of rainfall events
Path 1. 95th percentile (2 points)
Manage stormwater runoff on site for
the 95th percentile of regional or local
rainfall events using low-impact
development and green infrastructure
Path 2. 98th percentile (3 points)
Same as above, meeting the 98th
percentile of regional or local rainfall
events.
Path 3. Zero lot line projects (3 points)
Achieve minimum 1.5 floor-area radio
Manage stormwater runoff on site for
the 85th percentile of local or regional
rainfall events.
63
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
NC
2-3
CS
2-3
S
2-3
Intent
To reduce runoff volume and improve

water quality by replicating the natural
hydrology and water balance of the
site, based on historical conditions and
undeveloped ecosystems in the region.
R
2-3
DC
2-3
WDC
2-3
HOS HC
2-3 1-2
Requirements
Option 2. Natural land cover conditions (3
points)
Annual postdevelopment runoff must
not exceed predevelopment values.
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
Design the project site to maintain natural stormwater

flows by promoting infiltration.
Specify vegetated roofs, pervious paving and other
measures to minimize impervious surfaces.
Reuse stormwater for non-potable uses such as
landscape irrigation, toilet and urinal flushing, and
custodial uses.
Manage stormwater through controls such as dry
ponds, bioswales and rain gardens. Existing site
conditions, such as topography and the draining
capacity of the soil, may impact the effectiveness of
such controls.
Projects that are part of a multitenant complex may
meet credit requirements using a coordinated approach
within the master plan boundary by using distributed
techniques based on a watershed approach.
Responsible Party
Civil Engineer
Landscape Architect
64
definition
low-impact development (LID)
an approach to managing rainwater runoff that
emphasizes on-site natural features to protect
water quality, by replicating the natural land cover
hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing
runoff close to its source. Examples include better
site design principles (e.g., minimizing land
disturbance, preserving vegetation, minimizing
impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable
pavement, rainwater harvesting, soil
amendments). These are engineered practices that
may require specialized design assistance.
E X A M P L E : R A I N WAT E R M A N AG E M E N T
65
definition
green infrastructure
a soil- and vegetation-based approach to
wet weather management that is costeffective, sustainable, and environmentally
friendly. Green infrastructure management
approaches and technologies infiltrate,
evapotranspire, capture and reuse
stormwater to maintain or restore natural
hydrologies. (Adapted from U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency)
E X A M P L E : R A I N WAT E R M A N AG E M E N T
66
QUESTION:
A project is an in-fill location in the downtown of a
large city on a previously developed site. The design
team should consider which of the following? (select 2):
SS Credit Rainwater
Management
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
Limit areas of disturbance in accordance with

Protect Habitat
2.
Provide native/adaptive vegetation in accordance

with Restore Habitat
3.
Use a combination of strategies (green roof, opengrid paving, and vegetated strips) to improve
stormwater quality
4.
Work with existing flow patterns of the site to

control the rate of stormwater run-off
ANSWER:
o Limit areas of disturbance in accordance with
Protect Habitat
Provide native/adaptive vegetation in accordance

with Restore Habitat
Use a combination of strategies (green roof, opengrid paving, and vegetated strips) to improve
rainwater management
Work with existing flow patterns of the site to

control the rate of stormwater run-off
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Heat Island Reduction
Heat Island Reduction
Intent
To minimize effects on microclimates

and human and wildlife habitats by
reducing heat islands.
NC
1-2
CS
1-2
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1
Requirements
Option 1. nonroof and roof (2 points)
Install roof and nonroof measures for
50% of nonroof area and 75% roof
area, by weighted average
Option 2. parking under cover (1 point)
Place at least 75% of parking spaces
under cover.
Any roof used must meet one of the
following:
3-year aged SRI of at least 32 (or if
information is unavailable, an initial
SRI of at least 39).
Vegetated roof
Be covered by energy generation
systems.
67
Q UA L I F Y I N G RO O F A N D N O N RO O F A R EA S
Qualifying Nonroof Areas:

Provide shade vegetation over paving areas,
including playgrounds.
Shade from structures covered by energy
generation systems.
Provide shade from manmade elements that
have a 3-year aged solar reflectance value of
at least 0.28.
Use open grid paving (at least 50% unbound)
Qualifying Roof Areas:
Roof Type
Slope
SRI
Initial
SRI
3-years
Low-sloped roof
2:12
82
64
Steep-sloped roof
> 2:12
39
32
Vegetated
N/A
N/A
N/A
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
Consider installing high-albedo and vegetated roofs

to reduce heat absorption.
For projects pursuing Option 1, if 3-year aged solar
reflectance values are not available for nonroof
paving areas, use materials with an initial SR of at
least 0.33.
For projects pursuing Option 1, if 3-year aged solar
reflectance values are not available for roofing
material, use materials that meet the initial SRI
value.
Responsible Party
Architect
Landscape Architect
Civil Engineer
Structural engineer
(if using vegetated roof)
68
definition
heat island effect
the thermal absorption by hardscape,
such as dark, nonreflective pavement
and buildings, and its subsequent
radiation to surrounding areas. Other
contributing factors may include vehicle
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street
equipment. Tall buildings and narrow
streets reduce airflow and exacerbate
the effect.
Steep-Sloped Roofs
Flat Roof
Green Roof
E X A M P L E : H EAT I S L A N D R E D U C T I O N
69
CONCRETE PAVEMENT
CONCRETE FLATWORK
GRAVELPAVE2
PAVERS
=
=
=
=
93,564 S.F.
46,490 S.F
70,742 S.F.
4,765 S.F.
(does not meet SRI Minimum)
FLAGSTONE/HARDSCAPE
12,732 S.F.
=
=
228,293 S.F.
92.3 %
(does not meet SRI Minimum)
TOTAL NON-ROOF
TOTAL QUALIFYING AREA
E X A M P L E : H EAT I S L A N D R E D U C T I O N
QUESTION:
The design teams wants to use a concrete parking lot
with an integral color added to it. In order for this area
to qualify for SS Credit Heat Island Reduction, which is
true?
1.
The emissivity of the material must be >.5
2.
The reflectance of the material must be >29
3.
The initial SRI of the material must be 32 or greater
4.
The 3-year aged SRI of the material must be <29
5.
Concrete with integral color cannot be used

SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
1.
The emissivity of the material must be >.5
2.
The reflectance of the material must be >29
3.
The initial SRI of the material must be 32 or greater
4.
The 3-year aged SRI of the material must be <29
5.
Concrete with integral color cannot be used
70
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
SS Credit Light Pollution Reduction
NC
1
CS
1
S
1
Intent
To increase night sky access, improve

nighttime visibility, and reduce the
consequences of development for
wildlife and people.
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Classify the projects lighting zone.
Meet uplight and light trespass

requirements using Option 1 or Option
2.
Internally illuminated signage must not

exceed 200 cd/m3 (nits) at night and
2000 cd/m during the day.
IES/DSA Model Lighting Ordinance (MLO)
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Intent

NC
1
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Uplight
Option 1. BUG Rating Method
Use only fixtures rated for low uplight
contribution. Maximum rating is based on
lighting zone.
Maximum uplight rating for luminaries (IES TM-15-11)
MLO Lighting Zone
Luminaire Uplight Rating
LZ0
U0
LZ1
U1
LZ2
U2
LZ3
U3
LZ4
U4
71
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
NC
1
CS
1
S
1
Intent

R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Uplight
Option 2. Calculation Method
Meet threshold for total percentage of light
emitted above horizontal.
Maximum uplight percentage
MLO Lighting Zone
Maximum Uplight
LZ0
0%
LZ1
0%
LZ2
1.5%
LZ3
3%
LZ4
6%
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Intent

wildlife and people
NC
1
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
Light Trespass
Option 1. BUG Rating Method
Do not exceed backlight (B0 to B5) and glare ratings
(G0 to G4) based on luminaire mounting and MLO
lighting zone.
Option 2. Calculation Method
Do not exceed maximum vertical illuminance at
lighting boundary.
Maximum vertical illuminance
MLO Lighting Zone
Vertical Illuminance
LZ0
0.05 FC (0.5 LUX)
LZ1
0.05 FC (0.5 LUX)
LZ2
0.10 FC (1 LUX)
LZ3
0.20 FC (2 LUX)
LZ4
0.60 FC (6 LUX)
72
definition
light pollution
waste light from building sites that
produces glare, is directed upward to
the sky, or is directed off the site.
Waste light does not increase
nighttime safety, utility, or security
and needlessly consumes energy.
SUSTAINABLE SITES:
Strategies & Terms
The lighting boundary, similar to the LEED project boundary or

property line, can vary from these other defined areas, as
special considerations (such as abutting public walkways) can
allow for limited expansion of the eligible site (generally making
trespass requirements easier).
Adopt site lighting criteria to maintain safe light levels while
avoiding off-site lighting and night sky light pollution.
Minimize site lighting where possible, and use computer
software to model the site lighting.
Technologies to reduce light pollution include full cutoff
luminaires, low-reflectance surfaces and low-angle spotlights.
Uplight and Light Trespass assessments may use different
methods (Option 1 or Option 2) to determine compliance.
Some lighting is exempt:
Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting for
transportation
Faade lighting used in MLO lighting zones 3 or 4 which is
automatically turned off between midnight and 6:00 am
Lighting for theatrical purposes for stage, film, and video
performances
Government mandated roadway lighting
Hospital emergency departments, including helipads
Lighting of the national flag in MLO lighting zones 2, 3 or 4
Internally illuminated signage.
Responsible Party
Lighting Designer
Landscape Architect
Architect
73
definition
BUG rating
a luminaire classification system that
classifies luminaires in terms of
backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare
(G) (taken from IES/IDA Model
Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings
supersede the former cutoff ratings.
Zone
Ambient
Illumination
Criteria
LZ0
None
Areas where natural environment will be seriously and adversely affected

by lighting.
Examples: Undeveloped open space, wilderness preserves, areas near
astronomical observatories.
LZ1
Low
Areas where lighting might harm flora and fauna or disturb character of
the area.
Examples: Single-family residential community, rural town centers,
developed areas in parks.
LZ2
Moderate
Areas of human activity where vision of human residents and users is

adapted to moderate light levels.
Examples: Multifamily residential uses, schools, mixed-use with
predominance of residential uses.
LZ3
Moderately high

adapted to moderately high light levels.
Examples: Town centers, mixed-use areas, high-use recreation playing
fields, gas stations.
LZ4
High

adapted to high light levels.
Example: Times Square
OUT DOOR L IGHT IN G ZON E
74
QUESTION:
Reducing the amount of light that leaves the project
site at night time would result in: (select 2)
1. Increased energy consumption

2. More visible stars
3. Increased night time criminal activity
4. Safer migrations for birds
SS Credit Light Pollution

Reduction
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
Increased energy consumption
More visible stars
Increased night time criminal activity
Safer migrations for birds
SS Prerequisite Environmental Site Assessment (Schools

and Healthcare Only)
To protect the health of vulnerable populations by
ensuring that the site is assessed for environmental
contamination and that any environmental
contamination has been remediated.
NOT INCLUDED IN
LEED BD+C: NEW
CONSTRUCTION
ADDITIONAL CREDITS
SS Credit Site Master Plan (Schools Only)

To ensure that the sustainable site benefits achieved
by the project continue, regardless of future changes
in programs or demographics.
SS Credit Tenant Design and Construction Guidelines
(Core & Shell Only)
To educate tenants in implementing sustainable
design and construction features in their tenant
improvement build-outs.
SS Credit Places of Respite (Healthcare Only)
To provide patients, staff, and visitors with the health
benefits of the natural environment by creating
outdoor places of respite on the healthcare campus.
SS Credit Direct Exterior Access (Healthcare Only)
To provide patients and staff with the health benefits
associated with direct access to the natural
environment.
75
WATER EFFICIENCY
WATER EFFICIENCY:
PREREQUISITE
NC
CS
Outdoor water use reduction
Indoor water use reduction
Building-level water metering
CREDIT
Outdoor water use reduction
Indoor water use reduction
Cooling tower water use
Water metering
NC
1-2
1-6
1-2
1
DC WDC HO HC EP.
CS
S
R DC WDC HO HC
1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2
1-6 1-7 1-7 1-6 1-6 1-6 1-7
1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
EP.
76
WATER EFFICIENCY:
WE Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use Reduction
WE Credit Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Outdoor Water Use Reduction
NC
x
1-2
CS
x
1-2
Intent
S
x
1-2
R
x
1-2
DC
x
1-2
WDC
x
1-2
HOS
x
1-2
HC
x
1
Prerequisite Requirements
To reduce outdoor water

consumption.
Option 1. No permanent
irrigation required after 2 years.
Option 2. Reduce irrigation water
demand by 30% using EPA
WaterSense Water Budget Tool.
EPA WaterSense Water Budget Tool

http://www.epa.gov/WaterSense/water_budget/
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Intent
To reduce outdoor water

consumption.
NC
1-2
x
CS
1-2
x
S
1-2
x
R
1-2
x
DC
1-2
x
WDC
1-2
x
HOS
1-2
x
HC
1-2
x
Credit Requirements
Option 1. (2 points) - No
permanent irrigation required
after 2 years.
Option 2. Reduce irrigation water
demand by 50% (1 point) or
100% (2 points), can count
nonpotable sources.
77
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Strategies & Terms
Perform a soil/climate analysis to determine

appropriate plant material and design the landscape
with native or adapted plants to reduce or eliminate
irrigation requirements.
Where irrigation is required, use high-efficiency
equipment and/or climate-based controllers.
Employ water conserving strategies such as:
Xeriscaping
Graywater reuse
Rainwater harvesting
Microirrigation
Drip irrigation
Water condensate from HVAC
Mulching
Redirect rainwater run-off to planted areas
Responsible Party
Landscape Architect
Ecologist
Plumbing Engineer
Definition
ADAPTED PLANTS
vegetation that is not native to a
particular region but that has
characteristics that allow it to live in
the area. Adapted plants do not pose
the same problems as invasive
species.
78
Definition
NATIVE VEGETATION
an indigenous species that occurs in a particular
region, ecosystem, and habitat without direct or
indirect human actions. Native species have
evolved to the geography, hydrology, and climate
of that region. They also occur in communities;
that is, they have evolved together with other
species. As a result, these communities provide
habitat for a variety of other native wildlife
species. Species native to North America are
generally recognized as those occurring on the
continent prior to European settlement. Also
known as native plants.
Definition
XERISCAPING
landscaping that does not require
routine irrigation
79
Vegetation Type
Species Factor (ks)
Density factor (kd)
Microclimate Factor (kmc)
Low
Average
High
Low
Average
High
Low
Average
high
Trees
0.2
0.5
0.9
0.5
1.0
1.3
0.5
1.0
1.4
Shrubs
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.5
1.0
1.1
0.5
1.0
1.3
Groundcovers
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.5
1.0
1.1
0.5
1.0
1.2
Mixed: trees, shrubs,

groundcovers
0.2
0.5
0.9
0.6
1.1
1.3
0.5
1.0
1.4
Turfgrass
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.6
1.0
1.0
0.8
1.0
1.2
courtesy: EPA
L AN DS CAP E FACTORS
OUT DOOR WAT ER US E REDUCT ION
80
E X AMPLE: WAT ER E F F I CIENT L AND S CAPE

B A S E L I N E C A S E ( J U LY )
D E S I G N C A S E ( J U LY )
ks = species factor | kd = density factor | kmc = microclimate factor | KL = landscape factor

CE = controller efficiency | IE = irrigation efficiency | TWA = total water applied
QUESTION:
The following landscape factors must be used to
quantify the water savings for water efficient
landscaping (select 3):
1. Average Temperature Factor
2. Species Factor
3. Irrigation Factor
4. Microclimate Factor
Outdoor Water Use:
5. Density Factor
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
Average Temperature Factor
Species Factor
Irrigation Factor
Microclimate Factor
Density Factor
81
WATER EFFICIENCY:
WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction
WE Credit Indoor Water Use Reduction
Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction
Indoor Water Use Reduction
NC
X
1-6
CS
X
1-6
Intent
S
X
1-7
R
X
1-7
DC
X
1-6
WDC
X
1-6
HOS
X
1-6
HC
X
1-7
Reduce water use by 20% from

baseline.
To reduce indoor water

consumption.
All eligible new toilets, urinals,

private lavatory faucets, and
showerheads must be
WaterSense labeled.
Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 and as

amended
EPAct 2005
Uniform Plumbing Code 2006
International Plumbing Code 2006
ENERGY STAR
EPA WaterSense
Meet minimum water efficiency

for appliances, equipment, and
processes.
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Intent
To reduce indoor water

consumption.
Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 and as

amended
EPAct 2005
Uniform Plumbing Code 2006
International Plumbing Code 2006
ENERGY STAR
EPA WaterSense
NC
X
1-6
CS
X
1-6
S
X
1-7
R
X
1-7
DC
X
1-6
WDC
X
1-6
HOS
X
1-6
HC
X
1-6
Requirements
Reduce water use by 25% - 50%

from baseline.
Meet additional water efficiency
for appliances, equipment, and
processes.
82
WATER EFFICIENCY:
NC
X
1-6
CS
X
1-6
S
X
1-7
R
X
1-7
DC
X
1-6
WDC
X
1-6
HOS
X
1-6
HC
X
1-6
Additional Requirements for Healthcare, Retail, Schools, and Hospitality

Prerequisite
Credit
Install water efficient
Install additional water efficient
commercial equipment:
equipment based on the project
Dishwashers
type.
Food steamers
Combination ovens
Discharge water temperature
tempering
Venturi-type flow-through
vacuum generators or
aspirators
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Strategies & Terms
Non-US projects may use a local equivalent to the

EPA WaterSense fixture labeling requirement.
Use of alternative water sources does not count
for prerequisite compliance, but can contribute
for the credit (beyond the first 20%).
Credit calculations factor in all plumbing fixtures
used by occupants, even if some fixtures are
outside the project boundary. Prerequisite
calculations consider only project fixtures.
Responsible Party
Plumbing Engineer
Civil Engineer
Architect
83
Definition
RAINWATER HARVESTING
the capture, diversion, and storage of
rain for future beneficial use.
Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores
the water; other components include
the catchment surface and
conveyance system. The harvested
rainwater can be used for irrigation.
Definition
NONPOTABLE WATER
water that does not meet drinking water
standards
84
EXAMP L E: LOW F LOW F IXT URES
Fixtures and Fittings
Baseline
Toilet (water closet)
1.6 gallons per flush (gpf)

6 liters per flush (lpf)
Urinal
1.0 (gpf) / 3.8 (lpf)
Public lavatory
(restroom) faucets
0.5 gallons per minute (gpm) at 60 pounds per

square inch (psi)
1.9 liters per minute (lpm) at 415 kPa
Private lavatory
faucets and kitchen
faucets
2.2 gpm at 60 psi / 8.3 lpm at 415 kPa
Showerhead
2.5 gpm at 80 psi / 9.5 lpm at 550 kPa
Appliances and
Processes
Residential clothes
washers and
dishwashers
Commercial clothes
washers
private applications only (residential, hotel or

motel guest rooms, hospital patient rooms)
Requirement
Calculate the savings

according to the baseline
ENERGY STAR or performance equivalent

CEE Tier 3A
Prerinse spray valves
Maximum 1.3 gpm / 4.9 lpm
Ice machine
ENERGY STAR or performance equivalent and

air cooled or closed-loop cooling
Heat rejection and

cooling
Cooling towers and
evaporative
condensers
I N D O O R WAT E R
USE:
No once-through cooling w/ potable water

Makeup water meters, conductivity
controllers and overflow alarms, efficient drift
eliminators
85
Fixture Types
FTE
Visitor
Retail customer
Student
Resident
3
1
0
2
3
0.5
0.1
0
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.1
0
0.1
0.2
3
1
0
2
3
5
5
n/a
n/a
5
0.1
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Uses/Day
Water Closet
Urinal
female
male
female
male
Lavatory Faucet
(duration 30 sec;
60 sec residential)
Shower
(duration 300 sec;
480 sec residential)
Kitchen Sink, non-residential
(duration 15 sec)
Kitchen Sink, residential
(duration 60 sec)
Flush Fixture
Conventional Water Closet
Low-Flow Water Closet
Dual-Flush Closet (Full-Flush)
Dual-Flush Closet (Low-Flush)
Composting Toilet
Conventional Urinal
Low-Flow Urinal
Non-Water Urinal
Flowrate (GPF)
1.6
1.1
1.6
0.8
0.0
1.0
0.5
0.0
Flow Fixture
Conventional Lavatory
Low-Flow Lavatory
Ultra Low-Flow Lavatory
Kitchen Sink
Low-Flow Kitchen Sink
Shower
Low-Flow Shower
Flowrate (GPM)
2.2
1.8
0.5
2.5
1.8
2.5
1.8
F IXT URE F LOW S & US ES
QUESTION:
What is the main standard used to define the
baseline per flush and flow rates for the water
efficiency of fixtures used in the interior of the
building?
1. WaterSense minimum standards
2. ASHRAE 90.1-2007
Indoor Water Use

Reduction:
SAMPLE QUESTION
3. Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992

4. Local codes
5. U.S. EPA, Water Use Efficiency program
guidelines
ANSWER:
o WaterSense minimum standards
o
ASHRAE 90.1-2007
Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992
Local codes
U.S. EPA, Water Use Efficiency program

guidelines
86
WATER EFFICIENCY:
WE Prerequisite Building-level Water Metering
WE Credit Water Metering
Prerequisite Building-level Water Metering
Water Metering
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
Intent
To support water management

and identify opportunities for
additional water savings by
tracking water consumption
None
S
X
1
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
Track (and share with USGBC)

monthly and annual water usage
data for 5 years.
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Water Metering
Intent

none
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
S
X
1
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
Credit Requirements
Install additional metering for

two or more:
Irrigation,
Indoor plumbing,
Domestic hot water,
Large boilers,
Reclaimed water, and/or
Other process water
87
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Water Metering
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
Intent

none
S
X
1
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
LEED-HC Added Requirements
Install water meters on any 5 of the following:

Purified water systems
Filter backwash water
Water use in dietary department
Water use for laundry
Laboratory water use
Water used in central sterile and processing
dept.
Waster use in physiotherapy and
hydrotherapy and treatment areas
Water use in surgical suite
Closed-loop hydronic system makeup water
Cold-water makeup for domestic hot water
systems
WATER EFFICIENCY:
Strategies & Terms
Water meters can be external

meters (measured from outside
the pipe) or wet meters (from
inside the pipe).
Ongoing metering allows building
operators to better gauge a
buildings water performance and
identify problems early.
Responsible Party
Plumbing
Engineer
Building Manager
Owner
88
QUESTION:
LEED projects are required to share whole-project
water usage data for how long?:
1. 1 year, unless prohibited by national laws
2. 3 years
3. 5 years, or until the building changes ownership
4. 5 years, unless prohibited by national laws
Water Metering:
SAMPLE QUESTION
5. 20 or fewer years, depending on LEED

certification level.
ANSWER:
1. 1 year, unless prohibited by national laws
2. 3 years
5 years, or until the building changes ownership
4. 5 years, unless prohibited by national laws
5. 20 or fewer years, depending on LEED
certification level.
WATER EFFICIENCY:
We Credit Cooling Tower Water Use
NC
1-2
Cooling Tower Water Use
Intent
To conserve water used for cooling

tower makeup while controlling
microbes, corrosion, and scale in
the condenser water system.
CS
1-2
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
Conduct a one-time potable water analysis,

measuring at least the five control parameters:
Ca (as in CaCO3) max 1000 ppm
Total alkalinity max 1000 ppm
SiO2 max 100 ppm
Cl- - max 250 ppm
Conductivity max 2000 S/cm
Calculate number of cooling tower cycles.
Limit cooling cycles to avoid exceeding
maximum concentrations for any parameter.
Points for Cooling Tower Cycles

Maximum number of cycles (up to 10) achieved without exceeding any filtration levels
or affecting operation.
Achieve 10 or more cycles by increasing treatment

OR
Earn 1 point above and use 20% or more recycled nonpotable water
89
WATER EFFICIENCY:
WE Credit Cooling Tower Water Use
Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Evaporation of cooling tower water leads to build

up of dissolved solids.
Makeup water is the added water to the cooling
tower system or evaporative condenser to offset
water lost due to evaporation and other causes.
Blowdown is the process of discharging cooling
tower water to remove dissolved solids.
Increasing the number of cycles between
blowdown reduces the amount of makeup water
inputs.
Nonpotable sources should generally contain low
levels of dissolved solids. This can include airconditioner condensate, rainwater, steam system
condensate, food steamer discharge water, fire
pump test water, and ice machine condensate
Mechanical
Engineer
Plumbing Engineer
QUESTION:
Water is periodically discharged from cooling towers
as blowdown. Why is this necessary?
1. To avoid unsafe water temperatures
2. To prevent the formation of radioactive isotopes
3. To reduce concentrations of dissolved solids
4. To reduce formation of ice
Cooling Tower Water

Use:
5. Blowdown is an optional process, used to

increase efficiency
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
1. To avoid unsafe water temperatures
2. To prevent the formation of radioactive isotopes

To reduce concentrations of dissolved solids
4. To reduce formation of ice
5. Blowdown is an optional process, used to
increase efficiency
90
ENERGY &
ATMOSPHERE (EA)
ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE

PREREQUISITE
Fundamental Commissioning &
Verification
Minimum Energy Performance
Building-Level Energy
Metering
Fundamental Refrigerant
Management
NC
CS
DC WDC HO HC
EP.
91
ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE:

CREDIT
Enhanced Commissioning
Optimize Energy
Performance
Advanced Energy
Metering
Demand Response
Renewable Energy
Production
Enhanced Refrigerant
Management
Green Power and
Carbon Offsets
NC
CS
DC
WDC
HO
HC
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-6
2-6
EP.
1-18 1-18 1-16 1-18 1-18 1-18 1-18 1-20

1
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Definition
COMMISSIONING (Cx) is the process
of verifying and documenting that a
building and all of its systems and
assemblies are planned, designed,
installed, tested, operated, and
maintained to meet the owners
project requirements.
92

EA Prerequisite - Fundamental Commissioning & Verification
EA Credit Enhanced Commissioning
Prerequisite - Fundamental Commissioning & Verification
NC
X
2-6
CS
X
2-6
Intent
To support the design, construction, and

eventual operation of a project that
meets the owners project requirements
for energy, water, indoor environmental
quality, and durability.
To further support the design,
construction, and eventual operation of a
project that meets the owners project
requirements for energy, water, indoor
environmental quality, and durability.
S
X
2-6
R
X
2-6
DC
X
2-6
WDC
X
2-6
HOS HC
X
X
2-6 2-6
ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005

ASHRAE Guildline 1.1-2007
Develop OPR and BOD and designate CxA

by end of DD phase.
Create an Operations and Maintenance
Plan
CxA must: Review OPR, BOD and project
design, Develop and implement a Cx plan,
Cx requirements into the construction
documents, Develop construction
checklists, Develop a system test
procedure, Verify system testing,
Maintain an issues/benefits log, Prepare
a final Cx process report, Document all
findings directly to the owner.

Intent

ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005
ASHRAE Guildline 1.1-2007
NC
X
2-6
CS
X
2-6
S
X
2-6
R
X
2-6
DC
X
2-6
WDC
X
2-6
HOS HC
X
X
2-6 2-6
Credit Requirements
Option 1. Enhanced Systems
Commissioning
Path 1 (3 points) - Complete Cx process
activities for MEP and renewable energy
systems according to ASHRAE Guideline 02005 and ASHRAE Guideline 1.1-2007.
CxA must: Review contractor submittals,
Verify systems manual and training
requirements in CD, Verify systems manual
updates and delivery, Verify operator
training delivery and effectiveness, Verify
seasonal testing, Review building operations
10 months after substantial completion,
Develop an ongoing Cx Plan
93

NC
X
2-6
CS
X
2-6
S
X
2-6
Intent

R
X
2-6
DC
X
2-6
WDC
X
2-6
HOS HC
X
X
2-6 2-6
Requirements
Option 1. Enhanced Systems
Commissioning
Path 2 (4 points) - Achieve path 1 and:
Monitor points to assess performance of
energy and water using systems and include
this information in the Cx Plan, and Update
systems manual with any changes and
provide justification for modifications from
original design.
ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005, The

Commissioning Process
ASHRAE Guideline 1.1-2007, HVAC&R
Technical Requirements for the
NIBS Guideline 3-2012, Exterior Enclosure

Intent

NC
X
2-6
CS
X
2-6
S
X
2-6
R
X
2-6
DC
X
2-6
WDC
X
2-6
HOS HC
X
X
2-6 2-6
Requirements
Option 2. Envelope Commissioning (2 points)
Include the buildings thermal envelope in
Cx, and perform enhanced Cx on the
envelope
ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005, The

ASHRAE Guideline 1.1-2007, HVAC&R
NIBS Guideline 3-2012, Exterior Enclosure
94
Definition
OWNERS PROJECT REQUIREMENTS
is a written document that details the
ideas, concepts, and criteria that are
determined by the owner to be
important to the success of the
project.
Definition
BASIS OF DESIGN includes design
information necessary to accomplish
the owners project requirements,
including system descriptions, indoor
environmental quality criteria, design
assumptions, and references to
applicable codes, standards,
regulations, and guidelines.
95
Definition
The COMMISSIONING PLAN is a
document that outlines the
organization, schedule, allocation of
resources, and documentation
requirements of the commissioning
process.

Operations and Maintenance Plan
Create a current facilities requirements and operations and maintenance plan that
contains the information necessary to operate the building efficiently. Include the
following elements:
Sequence of operations
Occupancy schedule
Equipment run-time schedules
HVAC setpoints
Lighting levels
Minimum outside air requirements
Seasonal, day-of-week, or time-of-day schedule and setpoint changes
Mechanical and electrical systems narrative
Preventative maintenance plan
Ongoing commissioning
96

Strategies & Terms
Engage a CxA as early as possible in the design process.

Determine the owners project requirements, develop
and maintain a commissioning plan for use during
design and construction and incorporate commissioning
requirements in bid documents.
Prior to occupancy, verify the performance of energy
consuming systems.
Owners are encouraged to consider including waterusing systems, building envelope systems, and other
systems in the scope of the commissioning plan as
appropriate.
While the prerequisite does not require building
envelope commissioning, an owner can achieve
significant financial savings and reduce risk of poor
indoor air quality by including it in the commissioning
process.
Responsible Party
Commissioning
Authority
General Contractor &
applicable
subcontractors (e.g.
HVAC, Controls)
Architect
MEP Engineer
Owner

Strategies & Terms
Engage a CxA as early as possible in the design process.

Determine the owners project requirements, develop
and maintain a commissioning plan for use during
design and construction and incorporate commissioning
requirements in bid documents.
Prior to occupancy, verify the performance of energy
consuming systems.
Owners are encouraged to consider including waterusing systems, building envelope systems, and other
systems in the scope of the commissioning plan as
appropriate.
While the prerequisite does not require building
envelope commissioning, an owner can achieve
significant financial savings and reduce risk of poor
indoor air quality by including it in the commissioning
process.
Responsible Party
Commissioning
Authority
General Contractor &
applicable
subcontractors (e.g.
HVAC, Controls)
Architect
MEP Engineer
Owner
97

Who can be the CxA?
Who can be the CxA if not attempting the credit?

CxA must document experience on at least 2 similar projects.
CxA may not be part of the projects design or construction team, but may be a
disinterested subcontractor or otherwise uninvolved member of the design or
construction firm.
For small projects (less than 20,000 sq. ft.) this rule doesnt apply.
Who can be the CxA for Enhanced Cx?

Same requirements as above, with some additional restrictions
CxA must not be an employee of the design or construction firm.
CxA can not be subcontracted through the construction firm
Small project exemption does not apply for Enhanced Cx.
QUESTION:
Commissioning is the process of _______________
that a buildings systems and assemblies are planned,
designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained to
meet the owners project requirements.
COMMISSIONING:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
verifying and documenting
2.
operations and maintenance
3.
verifying
4.
calibrating
5.
the performance
ANSWER:
verifying and documenting
operations and maintenance
verifying
calibrating
the performance
98

EA Prerequisite Minimum Energy Performance
EA Credit Optimize Energy Performance
Prerequisite -Minimum Energy Performance
Optimize Energy Performance
NC
X
1-18
CS
X
1-18
S
X
1-16
R
X
1-18
Intent
WDC
X
1-18
HOS
X
1-18
HC
X
1-20
Requirements
To reduce the environmental and

economic harms of excessive energy use
by achieving a minimum level of energy
efficiency for the building and its systems.
To achieve increasing levels of energy
performance beyond the prerequisite
standard to reduce environmental and
economic harms associated with
excessive energy use.
ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010
DC
X
1-18
Credit + Prerequisite
Option 1. Whole-Building Energy
Simulation (up to 18 points)
Comply with mandatory and prescriptive
provisions of ASHRAE 90.1-2010
Perform an energy model to show energy
cost savings. Points earned based on
savings.

NC
X
1-18
Intent

ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide
CS
X
1-18
S
X
1-16
R
X
1-18
DC
X
1-18
WDC
X
1-18
HOS
X
1-18
HC
X
1-20
Requirements
Credit + Prerequisite
Option 2. Prescriptive Compliance: ASHRAE
Advanced Energy Design Guide (up to 6
points)
Follow prescriptive requirements of the
ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide
specific to the project type. Only certain
projects are eligible:
Office buildings smaller than 100,000
sf
Retail buildings between 20,000 sf
and 100,000 sf.
K-12 School buildings
Hospitals over 100,000 sf
99

NC
X
1-18
CS
X
1-18
S
X
1-16
R
X
1-18
Intent

Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide
DC
X
1-18
WDC
X
1-18
HOS
X
1-18
HC
X
1-20
Requirements
Prerequisite Only
Option 3. Prerequisite Compliance:
Advanced Buildings Core Performance
Guide (no points available in Option 3)
Follow Design Process Strategies (section
1)
Follow Core Performance Requirements
(section 2)
Implement select Enhanced Performance
Strategies (section 3)
Supply Air Temperature Reset (VAV)
Premium Economizer Performance
Variable Speed Control
Projects must be less than 100,000 sf and
of a suitable building type. Healthcare,
Warehouse, or Laboratory projects are
not eligible.

Strategies & Terms
Non-US projects may use USGBC-approved equivalent

standard to ASHRAE 90.1-2010.
Renewable energy doesnt count toward the
prerequisite, but does count under the credit.
Design the building envelope and systems to meet
baseline requirements.
Use a computer simulation model to assess the energy
performance and identify the most cost-effective
energy efficiency measures.
Quantify energy performance compared with a baseline
building.
Responsible Party
Energy Analyst
Architect
MEP Engineer
100
Definition
An ENERGY SIMULATION MODEL, or
ENERGY MODEL, is a computergenerated representation of the
anticipated energy consumption of a
building. It permits a comparison of
energy performance, given proposed
energy efficiency measures, with the
baseline.
Definition
BASELINE BUILDING PERFORMANCE
is the annual energy cost for a
building design intended for use as a
baseline for rating above standard
design, as defined in ASHRAE 90.12010, Appendix G.
101
Definition
PROCESS LOADS include: office and
misc. equipment, computers,
elevators and escalators, kitchen
cooking and refrigeration, laundry
washing and drying, and any lighting
exempt from the lighting power
allowance.
New
Buildings
Major
Renovation
Core and
Shell
Points
Points
(except
Healthcare
and
Schools
Healthcare
6%
4%
8%
6%
10%
Points
Schools
3%
5%
8%
7%
12%
10%
9%
14%
12%
11%
16%
14%
13%
18%
16%
15%
20%
18%
17%
10
22%
20%
19%
11
24%
22%
21%
10
12
10
26%
24%
23%
11
13
11
29%
27%
26%
12
14
12
32%
30%
29%
13
15
13
35%
33%
32%
14
16
14
38%
36%
35%
15
17
15
42%
40%
39%
16
18
16
46%
44%
43%
17
19
50%
48%
47%
18
20
54% (EP)
54% (EP)
54% (EP)
18+1
20+1
16+1
Energy Performance:
The minimum energy cost savings

percentage for each point threshold is
as follows:
102
ENVELOPE
LIGHTING
Roof
Walls
0%
PEOPLE
Windows
Conduction
Windows
Solar
Infiltration
EQUIPMENT &
PLUG LOAD
example: COOLING LOAD
QUESTION:
Components of the building envelope that would be
included in the energy model (select 3):
1. Trim
2. Water closets
3. Roof
4. Spray foam insulation
5. Windows
Energy Performance:
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Trim
Water closets
Roof
Spray foam insulation
Windows
103

EA Prerequisite -Building-level Energy Metering
EA Credit Advanced Energy Metering
Prerequisite -Building-level Energy Metering
Advanced Energy Metering
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
S
X
1
Intent
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
To support energy management and

identify opportunities for additional
energy savings by tracking buildinglevel energy use.
energy savings by tracking buildinglevel and system-level energy use.
All Rating System Adaptations Except Core

and Shell
Provide energy metering devices for all
energy inputs, including electricity,
natural gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil,
propane, biomass, etc.
Commit to sharing whole building energy
usage data with USGBC for 5 years or
until a change in ownership or lessee.
Core and Shell
Same as above, pertaining only to the
base building.
none

EA Prerequisite -Building-level Energy Metering
Prerequisite -Building-level Energy Metering
Advanced Energy Metering
Intent

energy savings by tracking buildinglevel energy use.
energy savings by tracking buildinglevel and system-level energy use.
none
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
S
X
1
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
Credit Requirements
All Rating System Adaptations Except Core and
Shell
Install advanced energy metering for all
whole-building energy sources and any
individual energy end use that is 10% or
more of the total annual use.
Core and Shell
Install advanced energy metering for all base
building energy sources.
Install meters for future tenant spaces so
tenants can independently meter energy
consumption for all systems dedicated to
their space.
Minimum one meter per energy source per
floor.
104

EA Prerequisite Building-level Energy Metering
Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Advanced Energy Metering must meet the following:

Meters are permanently installed, have a maximum
recording interval of 1 hour, and transmit data to a
remote location.
Electricity meters must record both consumption and
demand. Whole building electricity metering should
record the power factor if appropriate.
Data collection system must use a local area
network, building automation system, wireless
network, or comparable communication
infrastructure.
System must be capable of storing all data for at least
36 months.
Data must be remotely accessible
All meters in the system must be able to report
hourly, daily, monthly, and annual energy use.
MEP Engineer
Building Operator
QUESTION:
Energy use data over time can assist in the
identification of which following issues? (select 2):
1. Structural deficiencies
2. Water intrusion
3. Solar panel failure
4. Boiler malfunction
5. Rodent infestation
Energy Performance:
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
1. Structural deficiencies
2. Water intrusion
Solar panel failure
Boiler malfunction
5. Rodent infestation
105

EA Prerequisite -Fundamental Refrigerant Management
EA Credit Enhanced Refrigerant Management
Fundamental Refrigerant Management
Enhanced Refrigerant Management
NC
X
1
CS
X
1
S
X
1
Intent
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
To reduce stratospheric ozone

depletion.
To reduce ozone depletion and support
early compliance with the Montreal
Protocol while minimizing direct
contributions to climate change.
Do not use CFC-based refrigerants in new

HVAC&R systems.
If existing systems contain CFC-based
refrigerants, complete a CFC phase-out
conversion before project completion.
US EPA Clean Air Act, Title VI, Section 608,

Refrigerant Recycling Rule

NC
X
1
Intent
CS
X
1
S
X
1
R
X
1
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
Credit Requirements

depletion.
Option 1. No refrigerants or low-impact

refrigerants
Use no refrigerants or use only
refrigerants that have an ozone depletion
potential (ODP) of zero and a global
warming potential (GWP) of less than 50.
none
Option 2. Calculation of refrigerant impact

Select refrigerants to minimize or
eliminate the use of compounds that
deplete the ozone and/or contribute to
climate change.
Combination of all HVAC&R equipment
must meet calculation.
106

NC
X
1
CS
X
1
S
X
1
R
X
1
Intent

depletion.
EPA GreenChill
DC
X
1
WDC
X
1
HOS
X
1
HC
X
1
Requirements
Additional requirement for commercial
refrigeration equipment (LEED for Retail only):
Commercial refrigeration equipment must
meet additional requirements.
Refrigerant must have a zero ODP
Average HFC refrigerant charge of 1.75
pounds per 1,000 Btu/h total evaporator
cooling load.
Show a 15% or less store-wide annual
refrigerant emissions rate. Conduct leak
testing using GreenChills guideline
Alternately, stores with commercial
refrigeration systems may attain EPA
GreenChills silver-level or better
certification.

Strategies & Terms
Design and operate the facility without mechanical

cooling and refrigeration equipment.
Where mechanical cooling is used, utilize base building
HVAC&R systems for the refrigeration cycle that
minimize direct impact on ozone depletion and global
climate change.
Prerequisite compliance for projects with a CFC phaseout plan extending beyond project completion will be
considered on its merits. Any remaining CFC containing
HVAC&R equipment (even if a phase-out plan is in
place) disqualifies the project from earning points in the
credit.
Existing HVAC&R systems containing less than 0.5
pounds of refrigerant are exempted.
Non-HVAC&R equipment (new or existing) containing
less than 0.5 pounds of refrigerant are exempted.
Responsible Party
Mechanical Engineer
OR
HVAC&R Systems
Specialist
Refrigerant
ODP
GWP
CFC
HCFC
HFC*
Halon
Yes (Greatest)
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes (Greatest)
No
107
Definition
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (CFCs) are
hydrocarbons that are used as
refrigerants and cause depletion of
the stratospheric ozone layer.
+ halons
(ODP only)
IMPACT OF REFRIGERANTS
108
CFC MOLECULE ANIMATION
QUESTION:
Which of the following statements are true (select 2):
Refrigerant
Management:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
CFCs are naturally occurring
2.
CFCs are man-made
3.
Existing systems are exempt from the prerequisite
4.
Fundamental Refrigerant Management is most

concerned with global warming
5.

concerned with ozone depletion
ANSWER:
o
CFCs are naturally occurring
CFCs are man-made
Existing systems are exempt from the

prerequisite

concerned with global warming

concerned with ozone depletion
109

EA Credit Demand Response
NC
1-2
Demand Response
CS
1-2
S
1-2
Intent
To increase participation in demand

response technologies and programs
that make energy generation and
distribution systems more efficient,
increase grid reliability, and reduce
greenhouse gas emissions.
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
R
1-2
none
All Projects
Design the building and equipment
to allow participation in demand
response programs through load
shedding or shifting (does not
include on-site energy generation).
Case 1
If electric utility has a current
program, participation is mandatory
(2 points).
Case 2
If no existing program is available,
infrastructure for future
participation is required (1 point).

EA Credit Demand Response
Strategies & Terms
A Demand Response (DR) Event is a defined period of

time when the utility calls for a reduction in peak
demand by users.
Peak Demand is the maximum electric load at a specific
time or averaged over short intervals.
Projects participating in time of day pricing are
economically encouraged to use Permanent Peak Load
Shifting strategies to transfer demand to off-peak hours
when energy is less expensive.
Responsible Party
Electrical Engineer
Mechanical Engineer
Architect
Building Operator
Owner
110
QUESTION:
Which of the following are benefits of Demand
Response? (select 2):
Demand Response:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
It enables commissioning of the building energy

systems
2.
Owners can use the data to correct operating

inefficiencies
3.
Projects can reduce their energy costs
4.
Projects can reduce their labor costs
5.
Reduced reliance on fossil fuels
ANSWER:
1. It enables commissioning of the building energy
systems
2. Owners can use the data to correct operating
inefficiencies
Projects can reduce their energy costs
4. Projects can reduce their labor costs
Reduced reliance on fossil fuels

EA Credit Renewable Energy Production
NC
1-3
Renewable Energy Production
Intent

economic harms associated with fossil
fuel energy by increasing self-supply of
renewable energy.
Center for Resource Solutions Green-e

Program
Commercial Building Energy
Consumption Survey (CBECS)
CS
1-3
S
1-3
R
1-3
DC
1-3
WDC
1-3
HOS HC
1-3 1-3
Requirements
Use on-site renewable energy to offset

a 1% (1 point), 5% (2 points), or 10% (3
points) of the building energy cost,
using energy model or CBECS
database.
% Renewable Energy
Points
1%
3%
5%
10%
1
2
3
Points Core
and Shell
1
2
3
-
111

EA Credit Renewable Energy Production
Strategies & Terms
Assess the project for nonpolluting and renewable energy

potential including:
Solar
Wind and wave and tidal power systems
Geothermal heating and electric systems
Low-impact hydroelectric
Eligible biofuels
When applying these strategies, take advantage of net
metering with the local utility.
The following do not count for on-site renewable:
Architectural features
Passive solar strategies
Daylighting strategies
Geo-exchange (ground-source heat pumps)
Some biofuels are ineligible:
Combustion of municipal solid waste
Forest biomass waste, other than mill residue
Wood coated with plastic, laminate, or paint
Wood with hazardous chemical preservatives
Responsible Party
Owner
Electrical Engineer
Civil Engineer
Structural Engineer
Incentives Program
Administrator
EXAM P L E: P HOTOVOLTAICS
112
QUESTION:
Which of the following could be a source of
onsite renewable energy? (select 3):
1. Bio-fuel made from agricultural waste

2. Trees cut from a forest
3. Wood chips left over from a mill
4. Low-impact hydroelectric
5. Burning trash
Renewable Energy:
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Bio-fuel made from agricultural waste
Trees cut from a forest
Wood chips left over from a mill

Low-impact hydroelectric
Burning trash

EA Credit Green Power and Carbon Offsets
NC
1-2
Green Power and Carbon Offsets
Intent
To encourage the reduction of

greenhouse gas emissions through the
use of grid-source, renewable energy
technologies and carbon mitigation
projects.
Green-e Energy and Green-e Climate
CS
1-2
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
Agree to purchase 50% (1 point) or

100% (2 points) of the projects energy
from one or more of the following for
at least 5 years:
Green Power
Carbon Offsets
Renewable Energy Certificates
(RECs) for at least 5 years.
113
OPEN MARKET STATE (deregulated)

Find a Green-e certified power provider and
buy power
OR
CLOSED MARKET STATE
Enroll in your power companys Green-e
accredited program (if available)
OR
PURCHASE RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATES
(RECs = Green-tags)
MARKET AVAILABILITY
GREEN POWER
Sources of Green Power
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE

What Qualifies for LEED?

Green Power
Green-e Energy certified or equivalent
Offsets must be delivered at least annually,

and must be for resources that have come
online since the beginning of 2005.
US projects must use offsets from

greenhouse gas emissions projects within
the US.
Quantity is based on total energy use - not

cost!
Carbon Offsets
Green-e Climate certified or equivalent

Carbon Offsets can be used to offset
scope 1 or 2 emissions on a Carbon
Dioxide equivalent (CO2e) basis.
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
Green-e Energy certified or equivalent

RECs can only be used to offset Scope 2
electricity use.
114

Strategies & Terms
Determine the energy needs of the building and

investigate opportunities to engage in a green power
contract.
Green power is derived from solar, wind, geothermal,
biomass or low-impact hydro sources.
Visit http://www.green-e.org for details about the
Green-e Energy and Green-e Climate program.
Responsible Party
Owner
Energy Analyst
R E NE WAB LE E NE RGY C E RT I FI CAT E
115
QUESTION:
Which of the following is true for projects using both
electricity and natural gas energy inputs? (select 2):
1. Both gas and electric use must be considered
when attempting Green Power.
2. Gas use is not considered for Green Power.
3. Electric use must be higher than gas use, by cost,
to qualify for Green Power
4. The project must purchase green power, carbon
offsets, or RECs to earn Green Power.
Green Power:
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
Both gas and electric use must be considered
when attempting Green Power.
2. Gas use is not considered for Green Power.

3. Electric use must be higher than gas use, by cost,
to qualify for Green Power
The project must purchase green power, carbon
offsets, or RECs to earn Green Power.
MATERIALS & RESOUCES

(MR)
116
MINING, CROPS
& FOREST
VIRGIN
MATERIALS
SUSTAINABLE
HARVESTING
GREEN
MANUFACTURING
REUSE/RECYCLE
100% RECYCLABLE
MATERIAL
BUILDINGS
CRADL E- TO-CRADLE
MATERIALS AND RESOURCES

PREREQUISITE
Storage and Collection of Recyclables

Construction and Demolition Waste
Management Planning
PBT Source Reduction Mercury
NC
CS
DC
WDC
HO
HC
EP.
117

CREDIT
Building Life-cycle Impact Reduction
Building Product Disclosure and
Optimization - Environmental Product
Declarations
Optimization - Sourcing of Raw
Materials
Optimization - Material Ingredients
Construction and Demolition Waste
Management
Source Reduction Mercury
NC
CS
DC
WDC
HO
HC
2-5
2-6
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-21
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
EP.
PBT Source Reduction - Lead, Cadmium

and Copper
Furniture and Medical Furnishings
2
1-2
Design for Flexibility

MR Prerequisite - Storage and Collection of Recyclables
NC
X
Prerequisite - Storage and Collection of Recyclables
Intent
To reduce the waste that is generated

by building occupants and hauled to
and disposed of in landfills.
CS
X
S
X
R
X
DC
X
WDC
X
HOS HC
X
X
Requirements
All except LEED for Retail
Provide dedicated collection and
storage area(s) for the following:
Mixed paper
Corrugated cardboard
Glass
Plastics
Metals
Take measures for safe collection,

storage, and disposal for 2 of the
following:
Batteries
Mercury-containing lamps
Electronic waste
118

Prerequisite - Storage and Collection of Recyclables
NC
X
CS
X
S
X
R
X
DC
X
WDC
X
HOS HC
X
X
Intent
Requirements
To reduce the waste that is generated

by building occupants and hauled to
and disposed of in landfills.
LEED for Retail

Conduct a waste stream audit to
determine the top 5 recyclable
waste streams.
Provide storage and collection space
for at least the top 4.
If any of these top 4 recyclable
waste streams are batteries,
mercury-containing lamps, or
electronic waste, take measures for
safe collection, storage, and
disposal.

Strategies & Terms
Designate an area for recyclable collection and storage

that is appropriately sized and located in a convenient
area.
Identify local waste handlers and buyers for glass,
plastic, metals, office paper, newspaper, cardboard and
organic wastes.
Identify recycling collection areas inside the building.
Instruct occupants on recycling procedures.
Consider employing cardboard balers, aluminum can
crushers, recycling chutes and other waste
management strategies to further enhance the
recycling program.
Create strategies to reduce the solid waste stream (i.e.,
reusable bottles, purchase materials in bulk)
Collection and storage area may be separate
Responsible Party
Architect
Owner
Building Operator
Occupants
LEED recommended guidelines based on

commercial building square footage:
Bldg. Square footage
Recommended recycling
area sf
0 to 5,000 sf
82 sf
5,001 to 15,000 sf
125 sf
15,001 to 50,000 sf
175 sf
50,001 to 100,000 sf
225 sf
100,001 to 200,000 sf
275 sf
200,001 or greater sf
500 sf
119
EXAMP L E: STORAGE OF RECYCL AB LES
QUESTION:
Which materials below are mandatory for collection
and storage of recyclables? (select 3):
1.
Plastic
STOR AGE AND

COLLECTION OF
R E C YC L A B L E S :
SAMPLE QUESTION
2.
Printer cartridges
3.
Glass
4.
5.
Light bulbs
ANSWER:
Plastic
o
Printer cartridges
Glass
o
Light bulbs
120

MR Prerequisite Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning
MR Credit Construction and Demolition Waste Management
Prerequisite Construction and Demolition Waste
Management Planning
Construction and Demolition Waste Management
NC
CS
DC
WDC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Intent
To reduce construction and demolition

waste disposed of in landfills and
incineration facilities by recovering,
reusing, and recycling materials.
HOS HC
Implement a Construction and

Demolition Waste Management Plan
(C&D WMP)
Target at least 5 materials for diversion
Estimate diversion percentage
Describe how each material will be
diverted
European Commission Waste

Framework Directive 2008/98/EC

Prerequisite Construction and Demolition Waste
Management Planning
Construction and Demolition Waste Management
Intent
To reduce construction and demolition

waste disposed of in landfills and
incineration facilities by recovering,
reusing, and recycling materials.
Certification of Sustainable Recyclers

Framework Directive 2008/98/EC
Incineration Directive 2000/76/EC
NC
CS
DC
WDC
S
X
R
X
HOS HC
X
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Credit Requirements
Recycle and/or Salvage nonhazardous
construction and demolition waste
Option 1. Diversion
Recycled/Salvaged
Points
50%
+3 material streams
75%
+4 material streams
Option 2. (2 points) Do not generate

more than 2.5 pounds of waste per
square foot (12.2 kg/m2) floor area
121

Strategies & Terms
Provide on-site training to personnel

Consider recycling cardboard, metal, brick, mineral fiber
panel, concrete, plastic, clean wood, glass, gypsum
wallboard, carpet and insulation.
Designate a specific area(s) on the construction site for
segregated or comingled collection of recyclable
materials. Consider a single designated area for cutting
of materials.
Track recycling efforts throughout the construction
process.
Note that diversion may include donation of materials
(including non-construction materials such as
computers and furniture) to charitable organizations
and salvage of materials on-site.
Responsible Party
General Contractor
Specification Writer

Strategies & Terms
Exclusions from the calculation:
Alternative Daily Cover (ADC)
Land-clearing debris
Excavated soil
Hazardous waste
Responsible Party
General Contractor
Include in the calculation:

Wood waste into biofuel (Diverted)
Waste-to-energy systems meeting the following:
European Commission Waste Framework Directive
2008/98/EC
European Commission Waste Incineration
Directive 2000/76/EC
Facilities meet European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) EN 303 standards
All other waste-to-energy systems (NOT Diverted)
122
DEFINITION
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION
DEBRIS includes waste and
recyclables generated from
construction and from the renovation,
demolition, or deconstruction of
preexisting structures. It does not
include land-cleaning debris, such as
soil, vegetation, and rocks.
DEFINITION
ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER is
material (other than earthen
material) that is placed on the surface
of the active face of a municipal solid
waste landfill at the end of each
operating day to control vectors, fires,
odors, blowing litter, and scavenging.
123
EXAMP L E: CON ST RUCTION WAST E
QUESTION:
How is the total percentage of construction waste
diverted from the landfill calculated?
1. landfill waste recycled waste
CONSTRUCTION
WA S T E
M A N A G E M E N T:
SAMPLE QUESTION
2.
(landfill waste + recycled waste) by recycled

waste
3.
recycled waste [(landfill waste + recycled waste)

recycled waste)]
4.
recycled waste (landfill waste + recycled waste)
ANSWER:
o
landfill waste recycled waste
(landfill waste + recycled waste) by recycled

waste
recycled waste [(landfill waste + recycled waste)

recycled waste)]
recycled waste (landfill waste + recycled waste)
124

MR Credit Building Life-cycle Impact Reduction
NC
2-5
CS
2-6
Intent
To encourage adaptive reuse and

optimize the environmental
performance of products and
materials.
National Registry of Historic Places

Secretary of Interiors Standards for
the Treatment of Historic Properties
S
2-5
R
2-5
DC
2-5
WDC
2-5
HOS
2-5
HC
2-5
Requirements
Option 1. Historic Building Reuse (5
points)
Reuse a registered (or eligible) historic
building structure, envelope, and
interior nonstructural elements, and
follow additional guidelines to
maintain historic character.

Intent

materials.
none
NC
2-5
CS
2-6
S
2-5
R
2-5
DC
2-5
WDC
2-5
HOS
2-5
HC
2-5
Requirements
Option 2. Renovation of an Abandoned
or Blighted Building (5 points)
Maintain 50% (surface area) of existing
structure, enclosure, and interior
nonstructural elements of an
abandoned or blighted building.
125

NC
2-5
CS
2-6
Intent
S
2-5
R
2-5
DC
2-5
WDC
2-5
HOS
2-5
HC
2-5
Requirements

materials.
Reused Materials
Points
25%
50%
75%
Option 3. Building and Material Reuse

(2-4 points)
Reuse or salvage building materials as
a percentage of surface area.
Materials counted for Option 3 can not
double count in MR Credit Material
Disclosure and Optimization

Intent

materials.
ISO 14044
NC
2-5
CS
2-6
S
2-5
R
2-5
DC
2-5
WDC
2-5
HOS
2-5
HC
2-5
Requirements
Option 4. Whole-Building Life-Cycle Assessment
(3 points)
For partial or entire new construction, conduct
LCA of the project structure and enclosure.
LCA must:
Demonstrate 10% reduction from baseline
building in 3 of the following:
Global Warming Potential (CO2e)
Ozone Depletion (CFC-11)
Acidification (SO2 or moles H+)
Eutrophication (kg nitrogen or kg
phosphate)
Tropospheric (lowest -spheric) ozone
formation (kg Nox or kg ethene)
Depletion of nonrenewable energy (MJ)
Not increase by more than 5% in any of
these impact categories
126

Strategies & Terms
Consider reusing existing, previously-occupied building

structures, envelopes and elements.
Remove elements that pose a contamination risk to
building occupants
Upgrade components that would improve energy and
water efficiency such as windows, mechanical systems
and plumbing fixtures.
When determining existing structural and envelope
elements accounted for use, calculate by surface area.
Projects that have existing structural elements in the
project, but do not qualify for the credit can include
the reused portion in the Construction Waste
Management calculations as salvaged material.
Healthcare projects have special accommodations to
allow for daylighting courtyards
Responsible Party
Owner
Architect
LCA Analyst
Preservation Specialist
EXAMP LE: BUIL DIN G AN D MAT ERIAL

REUS E
127
EXAMP L E: B UIL DIN G AN D M AT ERIAL

REUS E
QUESTION:
If the projects existing structures included in the
LEED project do not qualify for the building reuse,
then the existing structure can contribute as which of
the following:
1. Sustainably sourced
BUILDING
L I F E C YC L E I M PA C T
REDUCTION:
2.
Recycled content materials
3.
Construction waste management
4.
Materials reuse
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
o
Sustainably sourced
Recycled content materials
Construction waste management

o
Materials reuse
128

MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization
Environmental Product Declarations
LEED Credit Intent
LEED Credit Intent (EPD)
To encourage the use of products and

materials for which life-cycle
information is available and that have
environmentally, economically, and
socially preferable life-cycle impacts.
To reward project teams for selecting

products
Material Ingredients
from manufacturers who have verified improved

environmental life-cycle impacts.
Sourcing of Raw Materials

verified to have been extracted or sourced in a
responsible manner.
for which the chemical ingredients in the product
are inventoried using an accepted methodology and
for selecting products verified to minimize the use
and generation of harmful substances. To reward raw
material manufacturers who produce products
verified to have improved life-cycle impacts.

LEED Credit Intent


products


responsible manner.
129

LEED Credit Intent


products


responsible manner.

MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization Environmental Product Declarations
Building Product Disclosure and Optimization Environmental Product Declarations
Intent

socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To
reward project teams for selecting
products from manufacturers who
have verified improved environmental
life-cycle impacts.
ISO 14044-2006, Environmental

Management, Life cycle assessment
requirements and guidelines
ISO 14021, 14025, 14040, 21930
NC
1-2
CS
1-2
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
Option 1. Environmental Product Declaration
(EPD) (1 point)
Use 20 products (note fractional
contribution) as follows:
Product-specific Type III EPD full credit
per product
Industry-wide (generic) EPD credit
per product
Third-party certified (ISO 14044) LifeCycle Assessment (LCA) credit per
product
Other USGBC approved programs
Must be from at least 5 manufacturers
130

Building Product Disclosure and Optimization Environmental Product Declarations
NC
1-2
CS
1-2
S
1-2
Intent

socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To
products from manufacturers who
have verified improved environmental
life-cycle impacts.
ISO 14044-2006, Environmental

Management, Life cycle assessment
requirements and guidelines
ISO 14021, 14025, 14040, 21930
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
Option 2. Multi-Attribute Optimization
Permanently installed products in the project must be
50% (by cost) as follows:
Third-party certified products demonstrating an
impact reduction (beyond industry average) in 3 or
more:
Global Warming Potential (CO2e)
Ozone Depletion (CFC-11)
Acidification (SO2 or moles H+)
Eutrophication (kg nitrogen or kg phosphate)
Tropospheric ozone formation (kg Nox or kg
ethene)
Depletion of nonrenewable energy (MJ)
Materials purchased, manufactured, and extracted
from within 100 miles are given double weighting
as compliant products.
Other qualifications might be approved by USGBC

Strategies & Terms

(EPD) are a formal process of
performing and reporting on Life
Cycle Assessment (LCA).
Designers should research products
with EPDs or other third-party
verified LCA data.
Cradle-to-Gate Assessment excludes
the disposal phase of the product life
cycle.
Responsible Party
Architect
Contractor
Product Manufacturer
131
QUESTION:
Who is the primary responsible party to provide an
Environmental Product Declaration?
1. Architect
E N V I R O N M E N TA L
PRODUCT
D E C L A R AT I O N S :
SAMPLE QUESTION
2.
Consumer advocates
3.
Product manufacturer
4.
International Organization for Standardization
ANSWER:
1.
Architect
2.
Consumer advocate
Product manufacturer
4.
International Organization for Standardization

Building Product Disclosure and Optimization
Intent

materials for which life cycle information
is available and that have
socially preferable life cycle impacts. To
products verified to have been extracted
or sourced in a responsible manner.
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability

Report
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
UN Global Compact, Communication of
Progress
ISO 26000-2010, Guidance on Social
Responsibility
NC
CS
DC
WDC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
HOS HC
1-2
1-2
Requirements
Option 1. Raw Material Source and Extraction
Reporting
Use 20 products (note fractional contribution)
with a publically released report from their raw
materials suppliers addressing the following:
Extraction locations
Long-term commitment to ecologically
responsible land use
Commitment to reducing harms from
extraction and/or manufacturing
Commitment to volunteer in programs that
address responsible sourcing criteria.
Products count as follows:
Third-party verified Corporate Sustainability
Reports (CSR), meeting one of the approved
frameworks. Full credit per product.
Self-declared report. credit per product.
132

Intent

materials for which life cycle information
is available and that have
socially preferable life cycle impacts. To
products verified to have been extracted
or sourced in a responsible manner.
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)

ASTM Test Method D6866
ISO 14021-1999, Environmental Labels and
Declarations Self Declared Environmental
Claims (Type II Environmental Labeling)
NC
CS
DC
WDC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
HOS HC
1-2
1-2
Requirements
Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices
Use products meeting one or more
responsible extraction criteria for at least
25% (by cost) of material.
Extended producer responsibility
Bio-based material
Wood products
Materials reuse
Recycled content
Materials purchased, manufactured, and
extracted from within 100 miles are given
double weighting as compliant products.
Policy based approach to product

manufacturers environmental impacts,
addressing the products end of life.
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content
Other Approved Programs
Programs accomplish two things:

1.
Shifts responsibility from the
building owner upstream to the
producer and away from
municipalities.
2.
Creates an incentive for
manufacturers to take into account
environmental impacts related to
end of life when designing their
products.
133
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content
134
Qualifying Products are:
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
Salvaged
Refurbished
Reused
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
PRE-CONSUMER/POST-INDUSTRIAL
Waste never owned by a consumer
Examples: fly ash, walnut shells,
textile clippings, sawdust
Cannot be reused in same
manufacturing process
POST-CONSUMER
Waste owned by a consumer
Examples: Tuna cans, plastic bottles,
newspapers
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content
135
CONTRIBUTING
PRODUCT
AT T R I B U T E S
Extended Producer
Responsibility
Bio-based Materials
Wood Products
Material Reuse
Recycled Content

Strategies & Terms
Identify opportunities to incorporate products with

sustainably sourced raw material inputs.
Credit addresses leadership extraction practices for biobased materials, wood products, reused or salvaged
products, recycled content, and products from
manufacturers committed to extended producer
responsibility.
When pursuing option 2, prioritize high dollar value
items first, as achievement is based on cost.
For option 2, structure and enclosure materials can
count up to 30% of the value of compliant products.
Responsible Party
Architect
Contractor
136
QUESTION:
Sustainable Forestry is the practice of managing forests
to meet the long-term needs of humans while:
1. Maintaining competitive pricing with non-FSCcertified wood products.
2.
Saving endangered species trees.
3.
Not removing more timber volume than what is

replaced for the cutting intervals.
4.
Maintaining the biodiversity of forested landscapes.
SOURCING OF
R AW M AT E R I A L S :
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Maintaining competitive pricing with non-FSCcertified wood products.
Saving endangered species trees.
Not removing more timber volume than what is

replaced for the cutting intervals.
Maintaining the biodiversity of forested

landscapes.

DC
WDC
HOS
HC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Option 1. Material ingredient reporting (1 point)

Use 20 products that demonstrate chemical
inventory of their product to at least 0.1%:
Manufacturer Inventory
Name and Chemical Abstract Service
Registration Number (CASRN). May be
withheld if role, amount, and GreenScreen
v1.2 benchmark is used.
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Cradle to Cradle (v2 Basic level or v3 Bronze)
Other USGBC approved program
CS
1-2
Requirements
Intent
materials for which life-cycle information is
available and that have environmentally,
economically, and socially preferable lifecycle impacts. To reward project teams for
selecting products for which the chemical
ingredients in the product are inventoried
using an accepted methodology and for
selecting products verified to minimize the
use and generation of harmful substances.
To reward raw material manufacturers who
produce products verified to have improved
life-cycle impacts.
NC
1-2
Health Product Declaration (HPD)

Cradle-to-Cradle Certified Product
Standard
137

NC
CS
DC
WDC
HOS
HC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Intent
Requirements

life-cycle impacts.
Option 2. Material ingredient optimization (1

point)
Use products for a minimum 25% (by cost),
meeting one of the following (note cost
multiplier):
GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark with no
benchmark hazards down to 100 ppm.
Any ingredient assessed value at 100%
All ingredients assessed value at 150%
Cradle to Cradle V2 Gold or V3 Silver 100%
Cradle to Cradle Platinum or V3 Gold 150%
International ACP REACH Optimization with
no substances of very high concern 100%
Other USGBC approved program
extracted from within 100 miles are given double
weighting.
GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark

Cradle-to-Cradle Certified Product
Standard

NC
CS
DC
WDC
HOS
HC
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
Intent
Requirements

life-cycle impacts.
Option 3. Product Manufacturer Supply Chain

Optimization (1 point)
Use products for a minimum 25% (by cost),
meeting the following:
Sourced from manufacturers engaged in
validated safety, health, hazard, and risk
programs which document at least 99% (by
weight) of the ingredients used to make
the product.
Manufacturer has third-party verification
of their supply chain.
extracted from within 100 miles are given
double weighting as compliant products.
none
138

Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Structure and enclosure material can count up to 30% of

the value of compliant products.
Options 2 and 3 can be tallied together to reach the 25%
threshold
Supply chain verification should address:
Communication and transparent prioritization processes
are in place in the supply chain according to available
hazard, exposure, and use information to identify those
that require more detailed evaluation
Process to identify, document, and communicate health,
safety, and environmental factors of chemical
ingredients
Process to manage hazards and risks
Process to optimize health, safety, and environmental
impacts
Process to communicate, receive, and evaluate chemical
ingredient safety and stewardship information.
Safety and stewardship info for chemicals is publically
available from all points
Architect
Contractor
QUESTION:
Products with trade secret ingredients must provide
the following data (select 2):
1. Role of ingredient in final product
2.
Life cycle data of product
3.
GreenScreen benchmark
4.
Contact information for suppliers
M AT E R I A L
INGREDIENTS:
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
2.
4.
Role of ingredient in final product

Life cycle data of product
GreenScreen benchmark
Contact information for suppliers
139
MR Credit Furniture and Medical Furnishings

(Healthcare Only)
To enhance the environmental and human health
performance attributes associated with freestanding
furniture and medical furnishings.
MR Credit Design for Flexibility (Healthcare Only)
Conserve resources associated with the construction
and management of buildings by designing for
flexibility and ease of future adaptation and for the
service life of components and assemblies.
NOT INCLUDED IN
LEED BD+C: NEW
CONSTRUCTION
ADDITIONAL CREDITS
MR Prerequisite PBT Source Reduction Mercury

(Healthcare Only)
To reduce mercury-containing products and devices
and mercury release through product substitution,
capture, and recycling.
MR Credit Source Reduction Mercury (Healthcare
Only)
To reduce the release of Persistent Bioaccumulative
and Toxic (PBTs) chemicals associated with the life
cycle of building materials.
MR Credit PBT Source Reduction - Lead, Cadmium and
Copper (Healthcare Only)
To reduce the release of Persistent Bioaccumulative
and Toxic (PBTs) chemicals associated with the life
cycle of building materials.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY (EQ)
140
QUAN T IF YIN G HEALT H AN D P RODUCT ION
IN DOOR EN VIRON M ENTAL Q UAL IT Y

PREREQUISITE
Minimum Indoor Air Quality
Performance
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Control
Minimum Acoustic
Performance
NC
CS
DC WDC HO HC EP.
141
IN DOOR EN VIRO N M ENTAL Q UAL IT Y

CREDIT
Enhanced Indoor Air Quality
Strategies
Low-emitting Materials
Construction Indoor Air Quality
Management Plan
Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Thermal Comfort
Interior Lighting
Daylight
Quality Views
Acoustic Performance
NC
CS
DC WDC HO
HC
1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2
1-2
1-2 1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3 1-3
1
1-2
1
1-2
1-3
1
1
1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3

1
1-2 1-2 1-2

1
1
1
1-2 1-2 1-2
1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1-2
1
1-2
1-3
1
1
EP.
1-2 1-2
1
1
1-2 1-2
1-3 1-2
1
1
1
1
IN DOOR EN VIRON MENTAL QUAL IT Y

EQ Prerequisite Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance
EQ Credit Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies
Prerequisite Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance
Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies
Intent
To contribute to the comfort and wellbeing of building occupants by

establishing minimum standards for
indoor air quality (IAQ)
ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010, Ventilation for

Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (with errata)
CEN Standard EN 15251-2007
NC
X
1-2
CS
X
1-2
S
X
1-2
R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
Mechanically Ventilated Spaces (Ventilation)
Option 1. ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010
Use ASHRAE 62.1-2010 to establish
minimum outdoor air intake flow using the
Ventilation Rate Procedure and follow
Sections 4-7 (or local code if more stringent)
Option 2. CEN Standards EN 15251-2007 and
EN 13779-2007
Non-US projects only
142

NC
X
1-2

Intent


CS
X
1-2
S
X
1-2
R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
Mechanically Ventilated Spaces (Monitoring)
Variable air volume (VAV) systems
Provide direct outdoor air intake monitoring
with an alarm if airflow varies by more than
15% from setpoint
Constant-volume systems
Balance outdoor airflow to at least the
design minimum of ASHRAE 62.1-2010 and
install a current transducer.

NC
X
1-2

Intent

R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
S
X
1-2
Naturally Ventilated Spaces (Ventilation)
CS
X
1-2
Determine minimum air opening and space

configuration requirements using natural
ventilation procedure from ASHRAE 62.12010 (or local code if more stringent)
Follow ASHRAE 62.1-2010 Section 4 (or local
code if more stringent)
Confirm natural ventilation will be effective
using CIBSE AM10

CIBSE Applications Manual AM10, March
2005
143

NC
X
1-2

Intent

R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2

S
X
1-2
Naturally Ventilated Spaces (Monitoring)
CS
X
1-2
Measure the exhaust airflow and have an

alarm if the it varies by more than 15% from
setpoint
Automatic indication devices for windows
and other operable devices used to meet
minimum requirements with an alarm if any
opening is closed during occupied hours.
CO2 monitoring in each thermal zone from
3-6 feet (900 to 1800 millimeters) above the
floor. CO2 monitors to have visual or audio
indicator (or alert to the building
automation system) if CO2 levels vary by
10% from setpoint (calculated using ASHRAE
62.1-2010

Intent

Radon-resistant construction techniques, use the

most stringent of:
EPA Building Radon Out
NFPA 5000, Chapter 49
International Residential Code, Appendix F
CABO, Appendix F
ASTM E1465
Local equivalent
NC
X
1-2
CS
X
1-2
S
X
1-2
R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
Residential Requirements (additional)
No unvented combustion appliances (e.g.
decorative logs)
Carbon monoxide (CO) monitors in each floor of
each unit
Indoor fireplaces and woodstoves have solid
glass enclosures or sealing doors
Indoor fireplaces or woodstoves that are not
closed combustion or power-vented must pass
a backdraft potential test to show less than 5 Pa
depressurization of the combustion appliance
zone
Combustion-based space- and water-heating
must be closed combustion, have power-vented
exhaust, or located in a detached utility building
or open-air facility.
Projects in high-risk radon areas must use
radon-resistant construction techniques for
units up to the 4th floor.
144

NC
X
1-2
Intent
CS
X
1-2
S
X
1-2
R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
Credit Requirements
To promote occupants comfort, wellbeing, and productivity by improving

indoor air quality.
ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2007

2005
CIBSE Applications Manual 13, 2000
Option 1. Enhanced IAQ Strategies (1 point)

Comply with all applicable requirements for:
Mechanically
ventilated
Naturally
ventilated
Mixedmode
Entryway systems
Interior crosscontamination
prevention
Filtration
Natural ventilation
design calculations
Mixed-mode design
calculations
X
X

Spaces to Address
(A) Entryway systems
Permanent entryway systems at least 10 feet (3 meters) length in the primary direction of travel. Can
include grates, grilles, slotted systems, rollout mats, and other entryway systems with equal or better
performance.
Warehouse projects do not need entryway systems between the exterior and the loading dock, but do
require entryway systems between loading docks and office areas
Additional requirement, LEED for Healthcare: Pressurized entryway vestibules at high-volume
entrances
(B) Interior cross-contamination prevention
Chemical use or storage areas must be negatively pressurized compared to adjacent spaces and have
self-closing doors and deck-to-deck partitions or a hard lid ceiling
(C) Filtration
Outside air supply systems must have filters at meeting at least MERV 13 or Class F7
Replace all filters after construction, prior to occupancy
(D) Natural ventilation design calculations
Document use of appropriate strategies using CIBSE Applications Manual AM10
(E) Mixed-mode design calculations
Comply with CIBSE Applications Manual AM13-2000
145

NC
X
1-2
CS
X
1-2
Intent
S
X
1-2
R
X
1-2
DC
X
1-2
WDC
X
1-2
HOS HC
X
X
1-2 1-2
Requirements
To promote occupants comfort, wellbeing, and productivity by improving

indoor air quality.

2005
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS)
Option 2. Additional Enhanced IAQ Strategies

(1 point)
Comply with all applicable requirements for:
Mechanically
ventilated
Naturally
ventilated
Mixedmode
Exterior contamination
prevention
Increased ventilation
Carbon dioxide
monitoring
Additional source
control and monitoring
Natural ventilation room

by room calculations

Additional Enhanced IAQ Strategies
(A) Exterior contamination prevention
Design project to minimize the entry of pollutants into the building. Demonstrate results using
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling, Gaussian dispersion analyses, wind tunnel modeling, or
tracer gas modeling that contamination is less than the maximum concentration.
Pollutants include those regulated by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and are
compared against annual averages, 8-hour or 24-hour average when an annual standard doesnt exist,
or a rolling 3-month average
Maximum concentrations are set by NAAQS, or local equivalent for non-US projects
(B) Increased ventilation
Exceed outdoor air supply by at least 30% compared to the prerequisite
(C) Carbon dioxide monitoring
CO2 monitoring in each densly occupied space from 3-6 feet (900 to 1800 millimeters) above the floor.
CO2 monitors to have visual or audio indicator (or alert to the building automation system) if CO2 levels
vary by 10% from setpoint (calculated using ASHRAE 62.1-2010)
(D) Additional source control and monitoring
Where contaminants are likely, evaluate potential sources beyond CO2.
Implement a materials-handling plan to reduce risk of release
Include a monitor to detect specific contaminants, with alarm if any unusual or unsafe conditions arise
(E) Natural ventilation room-by-room calculations
Follow CIBSE AM10, Section 4, Design Calculations
146

Strategies & Terms
Projects using ASHRAE 62.1-2010 should use the

Ventilation Rate Procedure, not the Indoor Air Quality
Procedure
Design ventilation systems to meet or exceed the
minimum outdoor air ventilation rates as described in
the ASHRAE standard, based on the occupancy and
space types.
Balance the impacts of ventilation rates on energy use
and indoor air quality to optimize for both energy
efficiency and occupant comfort.
Implement energy recovery systems, such as
economizers and low-pressure-drop design
Integrate building automation systems
Inadequate ventilation can cause illness and liability
risks for the building owner.
Responsible Party
Mechanical Engineer
Architect
EXAMP L E: N AT URAL VEN T IL AT ION
147
QUESTION:
The minimum ventilation rate for mechanically
ventilated spaces is determined by:
1. ASHRAE 62.1-2010, Section 6, Indoor Air Quality

Procedure
2. ASHRAE 90.1-2010
3. ASHRAE 62.1-2010, Section 6, Ventilation Rate
Procedure
4. ASHRAE 52.1-2010, Section 4, Rate Procedure
Ventilation:
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
o
ASHRAE 62.1-2010, Section 6, Indoor Air Quality

Procedure
ASHRAE 90.1-2010
ASHRAE 62.1-2010, Section 6, Ventilation Rate

Procedure
ASHRAE 52.1-2010, Section 4, Rate Procedure

EQ Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
Intent
To prevent or minimize exposure of

building occupants, indoor surfaces,
and ventilation air distribution systems
to environmental tobacco smoke.
NC
X
CS
X
S
X
R
X
DC
X
WDC
X
HOS HC
X
X
Requirements
All Projects
Prohibit smoking outside except in
designated areas, at least 25 feet (7.5
meters) from all entries, outdoor air intakes,
and operable windows.
Prohibit smoking outside property line in
spaces used for business purposes (e.g.
sidewalk sale)
Include no-smoking signage (stating policy)
within 10 feet (3 meters) of all building
entrances.
All Nonresidential Projects
No smoking in the building
148

Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
NC
X
CS
X
S
X
Intent
To prevent or minimize exposure of

building occupants, indoor surfaces,
and ventilation air distribution systems
to environmental tobacco smoke.
R
X
DC
X
WDC
X
HOS HC
X
X
Requirements
Residential Projects Only
Option 1. No Smoking
Same as nonresidential
Option 2. Compartmentalization of Smoking
Areas
Prohibit smoking inside all common areas.
Prevent excessive leakage between units
Weather-strip exterior doors and
operable windows
Weather-strip doors between unit and
common hallways
Minimize uncontrolled pathways by
sealing penetrations and chases adjacent
to the units
Maximum leakage rate of 0.23 cubic feet
per minute (1.17 liters per second per
square meter) at 50 Pa of enclosure

Strategies & Terms
If the 25 feet (7.5 meters) requirement cannot be

implemented due to local code, provide a copy of the
code in the LEED submission.
LEED for Schools projects have increased stringency, no
on-property smoking, period. Signage required at
property line.
Residential projects with indoor smoking areas must
prohibit smoking in common areas using the building
rental/lease agreement or condo/coop association
covenants and restrictions.
Develop a non-smoking policy detailing where
environmental tobacco smoke is not allowed in the
building or on the building site
Locate designated smoking area at least 25 feet away
from openings into building, and areas where there may
be large amounts of people walking by.
Responsible Party
Owner
Mechanical Engineer
Architect
149
QUESTION:
If there is a designated smoking area outside the
building it must be at least 25 feet away from the
buildings _________(select 3):
ETS Control:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
Operable windows
2.
Inoperable windows
3.
Entries
4.
Outdoor air intakes
5.
Sitting area outside for building occupants
6.
Playgrounds
ANSWER:
Operable windows
Inoperable windows
Entries
Outdoor air intakes
Sitting area outside for building occupants
Playgrounds

EQ Credit Acoustic Performance
Intent
NC
1
CS
n/a
S
1
R
n/a
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1-2
Requirements
To provide workspaces and classrooms

that promote occupants well-being,
productivity, and communications
through effective acoustic design.
HVAC Background Noise

Meet background noise requirements of the
most stringent:
2011 ASHRAE Handbook, HVAC
Applications, Chapter 48, Table 1
AHRI Standard 885-2008, Table 15
Local equivalent
Meet design criteria for HVAC noise levels
from sound transmission paths from ASHRAE
2011 Applications Handbook, Table 6 (or
local equivalent)
ASHRAE 2011, HVAC Applications Handbook

Measurement devices must meet ANSI S1.4
for type 1 (precision) or type 2 (general
purpose) devices, or local equivalent
Sound Transmission
Meet composite sound transmission class
(STCC) ratings, or local code, whichever is
more stringent
150

NC
1
CS
S
1
Intent
To provide workspaces and classrooms

that promote occupants well-being,
productivity, and communications
through effective acoustic design.
ASHRAE 2011, HVAC Applications Handbook
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1-2
Requirements
Reverberation Time
Meet reverberation time requirements
listed in credit requirements
depending on room type and
application.
Sound Reinforcement and Masking
Systems
For all large conference rooms and
auditoriums seating over 50 people,
determine if sound reinforcement and
AV playback capabilities are needed.
Masking system design levels must not
exceed 48 dBA.

Strategies & Terms
Additional prerequisite requirements apply to LEED for

Schools
HVAC Background Noise
Exterior Noise
Reverberation Time
Classrooms and Core Learning Spaces
LEED for Schools credit addresses HVAC background
noise (beyond prerequisite levels) and Sound
Transmission for Classrooms and other Core Learning
Spaces.
LEED for Healthcare has expanded credit requirements
due to the sensitive nature of some conversations in a
healthcare setting, and how acoustics can contribute to
occupant well-being.
Responsible Party
Acoustical Consultant
Architect
Mechanical Engineer
151
QUESTION:
Acoustic Performance requires project teams to
address which of the following? (select 3):
Acoustic
Performance:
1.
Sound Transmission
2.
Background Noise
3.
White Noise
4.
Mechanical Equipment Noise
5.
Humidity Levels
6.
Startling Noises
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Sound Transmission
Background Noise
3. White Noise
Mechanical Equipment Noise
5. Humidity Levels
6. Startling Noises

EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials
NC
1-3
CS
1-3
S
1-3
Intent
R
1-3
DC
1-3
WDC
1-3
HOS
1-3
HC
1-3
Requirements
Option 1. Product Category Calculations
Comply with 2 or more of the up to 7
categories.
To reduce concentrations of chemical

contaminants that can damage air
quality, human health, productivity,
and the environment.
Option 2. Budget Calculation Method

If some products in a category dont meet
requirements, calculate percentage
compliance using a weighted average.
Points correspond to number of compliant categories

NC, CS, R, DC, WDC & HOS
Schools & Healthcare
Points
Furniture
No Furniture
Furniture
No Furniture
152

Category
Interior paints and coatings applied on

site (general and additional)
Interior adhesives and sealants applied
on site (general and additional)
Flooring (general only)
Ceilings, walls, thermal, and acoustic
insulation (general only)
CDPH Standard Method v1.1-2010

AgBB-2010
SCAQMD Rule 1113
Canadian VOC Concentration Limits for
Architectural Coatings
SCAQMD Rule 1168
NC
1-3
CS
1-3
S
1-3
R
1-3
DC
1-3
WDC
1-3
HOS
1-3
HC
1-3
Emissions and Content Requirements

General emissions evaluation (90% by volume,
100% for flooring, ceilings, walls, thermal, and
acoustic insulation)
Products must comply with CDPH Standard
Method v1.1-2010.
Non-US projects can also use products meeting
the German AgBB Testing and Evaluation
Scheme (2010)
Additional VOC content requirements for wetapplied products (100%)
Paints and coatings must meet either:
VOC limits of CARB 2007 SCM
OR
SCAQMD Rule 1113, June 3 2011
OR
National VOC control regulations for non-US
projects (e.g. Canadian VOC Concentration
Limits for Architectural Coatings)
Adhesives and sealants
SCAQMD Rule 1168, July 1 2005 (or national
VOC control regulations for non-US projects)

NC
1-3
CS
1-3
S
1-3
R
1-3
DC
1-3
WDC
1-3
HOS
1-3
HC
1-3
Category
Emissions and Content Requirements
Composite wood
Furniture (if included in scope)
Exterior applied products (Healthcare
and Schools only)
Composite wood evaluation (100%)

Composite wood must use only ultra-lowemitting formaldehyde (ULEF) or no added
formaldehyde
Furniture evaluation (90% by cost)
Tested in accordance with ANSI/BIFMA
Standard Method M7.1-2011.
Comply with ANSI/BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture
Sustainability Standard (sections 7.6.1 and
7.6.2)
Exterior applied products (90% by volume)
Outdoor applied adhesives, sealants,
coatings, roofing, and waterproofing
materials must meet VOC limits of:
CARB 2007 SCM for Architectural
Coatings
AND
SCAQMD Rule 1168
Hot-mopped asphalt roofing and coal tar
sealants for parking lots are prohibited.
CARB 93120 ATCM

ANSI/BIFMA M7.1 Standard Method for
Determining VOC Emissions from Office
Furniture Systems, Components and Seating
ANSI/BIFMA e3-2011 Furniture Sustainability
Standard
153

Strategies & Terms
Establish a goal during early design and specify

compliant products in construction documents.
Ensure that VOC criteria are clearly stated in each
section of the specification where applicable
products are addressed.
Building Interior means everything within the
waterproofing membrane, while exterior products
include everything outside, and the primary and
secondary weatherproofing system
During construction, review product literature,
signed attestations or other official literature from
the manufacturer clearly identifying the VOC
contents or compliance with referenced standards.
Responsible Party
Contractor
Architect
Assembly Products
Assembly products that are 90%
or more compliant (by weight),
it counts as 100% compliant.
Assembly products that are less
than 50% compliant (by weight),
are considered 0% compliant.
Inherently nonemitting sources (including stone,

ceramic, etc.) automatically comply if they dont
contain any integral organic-based surface coatings,
binders, or sealants
Definition
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND
(VOCs) react with sunlight and
nitrogen oxide (NOx) to form groundlevel ozone. Ground-level ozone
damages lung tissue, reduces lung
function, and makes lungs more
sensitive to other irritants, and also is
a major component of smog.
154
QUESTION:
The specification writer for a LEED BD+C: Core & Shell
project is writing performance criteria for interior paints
used in the shared common areas. Which of the following
are important considerations when considering indoor
environmental quality (select 2)?
Low Emitting
Materials:
1.
VOC Content
2.
VOC Emissions
3.
Daylight Factor
4.
Color
5.
Ease of cleaning
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
VOC Content
VOC Emissions
3. Daylight Factor
4. Color
5. Ease of cleaning

EQ Credit Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan
APPLIES
NC
1
CS
1
Schools
1
Retail
1
Intent
To promote the well-being of

construction workers and building
occupants by minimizing indoor air
quality problems associated with
construction and renovation.
Sheet Metal and Air-Conditioning National

Contractors Association (SMACNA) IAQ
Guidelines for Occupied Buildings under
Construction, 2nd edition, 2007 (chapter 3)
ASHRAE 52.2-2007
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
DC
1
Develop an indoor air quality (IAQ) plan for

construction and preoccupancy phases of
the building
Meet or exceed Control Measures from
SMACNA IAQ Guidelines for Occupied
Buildings Under Construction, 2nd edition,
2007
Protect absorptive materials from moisture
damage
Install MERV 8 or class F5 at return air grille
and return or transfer duct inlet opening for
any equipment that will be operated during
construction. Install final design filtration
media immediately prior to occupancy.
Prohibit use of tobacco inside the building
and within 25 feet (7.5 meters) of building
entrance during construction
155

EQ Credit Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan
Strategies & Terms
LEED for Healthcare is different, due to the unique

challenges inherent in a healthcare setting.
Adopt an IAQ management plan to protect the heating,
ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system during
construction, control pollutant sources and interrupt
contamination pathways.
Provide training for subcontractors and installers.
Sequence the installation of materials to avoid
contamination of absorptive materials, such as
insulation, carpeting, ceiling tile and gypsum wallboard.
Coordinate with IEQ Credit 3.2: Construction IAQ
Management Plan Before Occupancy and IEQ Credit
5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control to
determine the appropriate specifications and schedules
for filtration media.
If possible, avoid using permanently installed air
handlers for temporary heating/cooling during
construction.
Responsible Party
Contractor
EXAMPLE: IAQ DURING CONSTRUCTION
156
QUESTION:
The intention to protect installed and on-site
absorptive material, such as gypsum board, is to
prevent:
1. Sunlight damage
2. Fluctuations in temperatures in the building
3. Moisture damage
Construction IAQ
Management:
4. Other contractors using the material

ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
o
Sunlight damage
Fluctuations in temperatures in the building
Moisture damage
Other contractors using the material

EQ Credit Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Intent
To establish better quality indoor air in

the building after construction and
during occupancy.
Credit must be performed after

construction ends and the building has
been completely cleaned with all
interior finishes and movable
furnishings installed, and major VOC
punch list items have been completed.
NC
1-2
CS
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS HC
1-2 1-2
Requirements
Option 1. (1 point) - Flush-out with
14,000 cu.ft. of outdoor air per sq.ft. prior
to occupancy
Maintain temperature between 60 F to
80 F (15 C to 27 C)
Keep relative humidity no higher than
60%
Occupancy can begin after 3,500
cu.ft/sq.ft.
157

NC
1-2
CS
N/A
Intent
To establish better quality indoor air in

the building after construction and
during occupancy.
Air contamination testing standards:

EPA Compendium of Methods IP-1, IP-3,
IP-6, IP-10, TO-1, TO-11, TO-15, TO-17
ISO 16000-3, 16000-6, 4224, 7708, 13964
ASTM D5197-0e91, D5149-02(2008)
CDPH Standard Method v1.1-2010
S
1-2
R
1-2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS
1-2
HC
1-2
Requirements
Option 2. Air Testing (2 points)
Perform air quality testing to show airborne
contaminants do not exceed maximum levels:
Formaldehyde
27 parts per billion
Particulates (PM10)
50 micrograms per cubic meter
Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs)
Target chemicals from CDPH Standard
Method v1.1 (except formaldehyde)
Refer to table 4-1 in reference standard
Carbon monoxide
9 parts per million (ppm) and no more
than 2 ppm above ambient
Projects in EPA nonattainment areas (or local
equivalent) must also test for:
Ozone
0.075 ppm
Particulates (PM2.5)

Strategies & Terms
The flush-out is often used where occupancy is not

required immediately upon substantial completion of
construction.
IAQ testing can minimize schedule impacts but may
have greater risk (of non compliance) and cost.
Air quality tests can be repeated until acceptable results
are achieved. Only the noncompliant areas need to be
retested.
All air quality testing must be before occupancy, but
during normal occupied hours, with the building
ventilation system started on a normal schedule at
minimum outdoor airflow rates.
Responsible Party
Contractor
Mechanical Engineer
Industrial Hygienist
158
QUESTION:
Which of the following would be factors that would
encourage a project to undergo air quality testing
instead of a flush-out: (select 2)
Indoor Air Quality

Assessment:
1.
Ambient humidity is near zero and temperatures are

between 60F and 80F (15C and 27C)
2.
Ambient levels of CO2 are 9.3 ppm
3.
Construction is behind schedule, and future tenants

are ready to move in immediately
4.
The projected LEED certification level is teetering

between silver and gold
ANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1. Ambient humidity is near zero and temperatures
are between 60F and 80F (15C and 27C)
2. Ambient levels of CO2 are 9.3 ppm
Construction is behind schedule, and future
tenants are ready to move in immediately
The projected LEED certification level is

teetering between silver and gold

EQ Credit Thermal Comfort
NC
1
Thermal Comfort
Intent
CS
N/A
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Requirements
To promote occupants productivity,

comfort, and well-being by providing
quality thermal comfort.
Design Option 1. ASHRAE Standard 55-2010

Design HVAC and envelope to meet
ASHRAE 55-2010
Natatoriums (swimming pools) need to
meet ASHRAE HVAC Applications
Handbook
ASHRAE 55-2010, Thermal Environmental

Conditions for Human Occupancy
ISO 7730-2005, Ergonomics of the thermal
environment
EN 15251:2007, Indoor environmental input
parameters for design and assessment of
energy performance of buildings addressing
indoor air quality, thermal environment,
lighting and acoustics
ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook, 2011
edition, Chapter 5, Places of Assembly,
Typical Natatorium Design Conditions
Design Option 2. ISO and CEN Standards

HVAC and envelop must meet
requirements of applicable standard:
ISO 7730-2005, Ergonomics of the
Thermal Environment
CEN Standard EN 15251:2007, Indoor
Environmental Input Parameters for
Design and Assessment of Energy
Performance of Buildings
159

NC
1
Thermal Comfort
CS
N/A
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS
1
HC
1
Intent
Requirements

quality thermal comfort.
Control (both options)

Provide individual thermal comfort controls
for 50% of individual occupant spaces.
Provide group controls for all shared
multioccupant spaces.
What Counts as a Control?

Allow the occupant to adjust of
one or more of the following:
Air temperature
Radiant temperature
Air speed
Humidity

Strategies & Terms
Establish comfort criteria according to ASHRAE 55 or

ISO and CEN Standards that support the desired quality
and occupant satisfaction with building performance.
Design the building envelope and systems with the
capability to meet the comfort criteria under expected
environmental and use conditions.
Consider via an integrative approach:
air temperature
radiant temperature
air speed
relative humidity
Coordinate these criteria with other EQ credits and EA
Credit Optimize Energy Performance
Responsible Party
Mechanical Engineer
Controls Contractor
160
Quantity of Individual Workstations

(Includes Private Offices and Cubicles)
Quantity of Thermal Comfort Controls

Provided
Percentage of Workstations Provided with

Controls (%)
12
10
83
Multi-Occupant Space ID/Name
Brief Description of Installed Comfort Controls
Wild Life & Horticulture Commons Room 15200
Fan powered, parallel, variable air volume terminal unit with hot water reheat coil. Each
teacher has ability to vary the temperature set point up or down 2 degrees at the
thermostat.
Conference Room - Room 15118C
Fan powered, parallel, variable air volume terminal unit with hot water reheat. Each
thermostat.
Commons - Room 15126
(2) staged single zone VAV air handlers with hot water preheat coil, chilled water coil and
reheat coil. Room temperature set point is maintained at EMCS level; however, manual
over ride is located in each space for additional control.
Arena Area - Room 15107
(2) staged single zone VAV air handlers with hot water preheat coil, chilled water coil and
reheat coil. Room temperature set point is maintained at EMCS level; however, manual
over ride is located in each space for additional control.
Foyer - Room 15101
Fan powered, parallel, variable air volume terminal unit with hot water reheat coil. Each
thermostat.
EXAMP L E: T HERM AL COM FORT CON T ROL S
QUESTION:
An office employee can be included in the count of building
occupants that has control over her own thermal comfort in
which scenario ? (Select 2):
Thermal Comfort:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
She has a private office with a thermostat on the wall
2.
She has a desk in an open-floor cubicle office and shares

a thermostat with 6 other workers
3.
She has an individual vent under her desk which she can
open and close
4.
She teaches in a classroom in a wing of the school that

is controlled by one thermostat setting
ANSWER:
She has a private office with a thermostat on the

wall
She has a desk in an open-floor cubicle office and
shares a thermostat with 6 other workers
She has an individual vent under her desk which
she can open and close
She teaches in a classroom in a wing of the school
that is controlled by one thermostat setting
161

EQ Credit Interior Lighting
NC
1-2
Interior Lighting
CS
n/a
S
1-2
R
2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS
1-2
HC
1
Intent
Requirements

high-quality lighting.
none
Option 1. Lighting Control (1 point)

Provide individual lighting controls for
at least 90% of occupant spaces
Must allow for at least 3 levels or
scenes (on, off, midlevel)
Shared multioccupant spaces must:
Have multizone control systems
with at least 3 levels or scenes
Lighting for presentation or
projection wall must be separate
Have direct line of sight from
switches to luminaires

NC
1-2
Interior Lighting
CS
n/a
S
1-2
R
2
DC
1-2
WDC
1-2
HOS
1-2
HC
1
Intent
Requirements

high-quality lighting.
The Lighting Handbook, 10th edition,

Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
Option 2. Lighting Quality (1 point)

Choose four strategies:
A.
Regularly occupied spaces use fixtures with less than
2,500 cd/m2 between 45 and 90 degrees from nadir
(excepting wallwash fixtures, indirect fixtures, and other
specific applications such as adjustable fixtures
B.
Use light sources with 80 CRI or higher (excepting colored
lighting for effect, site lighting, and other special uses)
C.
At least 75% of connected lighting load must have a rated
life (or L70 for LED) of 24,000 hours
D.
Use direct-only overhead lighting for 25% or less of the
total connected lighting load in regularly occupied areas
E.
For 90% of regularly occupied floor area meet average
reflectances:
85% ceilings
60% walls
25% floor
F.
If furniture is included in scope, achieve 45% or higher
average surface reflectance for work surfaces and 50% for
movable partitions
G.
For 75% of regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of
average wall illuminance to work surface illuminance of
1:10 or less.
H.
For 75% of regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of
average ceiling illuminance to work surface illuminance of
1:10 or less.
162

Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Provide task lighting for individual occupant spaces

Needs to include at least a mid-level setting, and
achieve at least 3 scenes (on/mid/off)
For shared multi-occupant spaces, consider dimming
switches, bi-level switching, and control panels the
allow for multiple scenes.
For Classrooms, a minimum of two levels of lighting
is required
Lighting Designer
Controls Contractor
Architect
Electrical Engineer
Conference
Room
General Store
Aquaculture Lab
Commons
EXAM P L E: L IGHT ING CON T ROL S
163
Administrative Offices and Other Regularly Occupied Spaces Lighting Control

Quantity of Individual
Workstations(Includes Private
Offices and Cubicles)
Quantity of Individual Workstation

Lighting Controls Provided
Percentage of Workstations
Provided with Controls (%)
12
12
100.0
Shared Multi-Occupant Spaces (Non-Classroom)

Multi-Occupant Space ID/Name
Description of Installed Lighting Controls
Aquaculture Lab - Room 15120B
6" recessed down lights controlled by multizone controller/dimmer
Conference Room - Room 15118C
2'x4' lay-in troffer light fixtures with dual level switching and occupancy
sensor
Commons - Room 15126
Highbay fixtures with 8-32 watt CFL lamps controlled by dual level switching
in space and multiple pole lighting contactor. Contactor is controlled based
on a time of day schedule through the DDC system.
General Store - Room 15116
Pendant mounted fixtures with 32 watt CFL lamps controlled by dimmer

switch in space and a multiple pole contactor. Contactor is controlled based
on a time of day schedule through the DDC system.
EXAMPLE: LIGHTING CONTROLS
QUESTION:
Which of the following scenarios would comply with the
Lighting Control option of EQ Credit Interior Lighting? (Select
2):
Interior Lighting:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
A classroom with daylighting sensors
2.
An open-floor cubicle office where each desk has an

on/off task-light
3.
A classroom with a dimmer switch on the wall by the

door
4.
A conference room with bi-level switching
5.
A bathroom with an occupancy sensor
ANSWER:
o
A classroom with daylighting sensors
An open-floor cubicle office where each desk has

an on/off task-light
A classroom with a dimmer switch on the wall

by the door
A conference room with bi-level switching
A bathroom with an occupancy sensor
164

EQ Credit Daylight
NC
1-3
Daylight
CS
1-3
Intent
To connect building occupants with the

outdoors, reinforce circadian rhythms,
and reduce the use of electrical
lighting by introducing daylight into the
space
IES Lighting Measurements (LM) 83-12

The Lighting Handbook, 10th edition,
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
S
1-3
R
1-3
DC
1-3
WDC
1-3
HOS HC
1-3 1-2
Requirements
All Options: Provide glare control for all regularly
occupied spaces
Option 1. Simulation, Spatial Daylight Autonomy
and Annual Sunlight Exposure (2-3 points)
Complete daylight model to show spatial
daylight autonomy of at least 55% (2 points)
or 75% (3 points) is achieved using regularly
occupied floor area
Computer model must show than annual
sunlight exposure of no more than 10% is
achieved for daylit areas
Option 2. Simulation: Illuminance Calculations (12 points)
Complete daylight model to show between
300 lux and 3,000 lux for 75% (1 point) or
90% (2 points) of regularly occupied floor
area
Option 3. Measurement (2-3 points)
Achieve between 300 lux and 3,000 lux for
75% (2 points) or 90% (3 points) of regularly
occupied floor area

EQ Credit Daylight
Strategies & Terms
Design the building to maximize interior daylighting.

Strategies to consider include:
Building orientation
Shallow floor plates
Increased building perimeter
Exterior and interior permanent shading devices
High-performance glazing
High-ceiling reflectance values
Automatic photocell-based controls
Predict daylight factors via manual calculations or
model daylighting strategies with a physical or
computer model to assess lux levels and spatial daylight
autonomy achieved.
Footcandle is another common unit of illuminance, like
lux, and can be converted directly with 1 footcandle is
equal to approximately 10.76 lux.
Responsible Party
Owner
Architect
Daylight Modeler
165
QUESTION:
Providing occupants with access to daylight
could(select 3):
1. Increase energy demand of the building
2. Increase CO2 levels
3. Decrease energy demand of the building
4. Increase productivity and happiness
5. Create better indoor air quality
Daylight:
ANSWERANSWER:
SAMPLE QUESTION
Increase energy demand of the building
Increase CO2 levels
Decrease energy demand of the building

Increase productivity and happiness
Create better indoor air quality

EQ Credit Quality Views
NC
1
Quality Views
Intent
To give building occupants a

connection to the natural outdoor
environment by providing quality
views.
Windows and Offices: A Study of Office

Worker Performance and the Indoor
Environment
CS
1
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1-2
Requirements
Achieve direct line of sight to outdoors for

75% of regularly occupied floor area through
vision glazing
At least 75% of regularly occupied floor area
must have at least 2:
Multiple lines of sight to vision glazing at
least 90 degrees apart
Views including at least 2:
Flora, fauna, or sky
Movement
Objects at least 25 feet (7.5 meters)
from the glazing.
Unobstructed views located within 3x the
head height of the vision glazing
Views with a factor of 3 or more in
Windows and Offices; A Study of Office
Worker Performance and the Indoor
Environment
166

EQ Credit Quality Views
Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Vision glazing provides a clear image of the exterior, not

obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned glazing, or added tints
that distort color balance
Include any permanent interior obstructions
Exclude movable furniture and partitions
Views into interior atria may be used to meet up to 30% of
required area
Design the space to maximize daylighting and view
opportunities.
The location of interior walls in regularly occupied spaces
will have the greatest impact on views. Locate regularly
occupied spaces along the building perimeter to maximize
views.
Other strategies to consider include lower partitions,
interior shading devices to minimize glare, interior glazing
and automatic photocell-based controls.
Use Direct Line of Site to Perimeter Vision Glazing to
determine the calculated area of regularly occupied areas
with views.
Architect
Landscape Architect
Interior Designer
QUESTION:
Which of the following areas would count against the
project when assessing compliance with Views for LEED:
Quality Views:
SAMPLE QUESTION
1.
A person has to look through interior glazing to see

out a window
2.
A person sits more than 30 feet from a window but

has a direct line of sight
3.
The sill of a clerestory window that runs along three

sides of an office is located 10ft above the floor
4.
A janitors office does not have access to views
ANSWER:
1. A person has to look through interior glazing to
see out a window
2. A person sits more than 30 feet from a window
but has a direct line of sight
3. The sill of a clerestory window that runs along
three sides of an office is located 10ft above the
floor
A janitors office does not have access to views
167
+ INNOVATION (IN)
& INTEGRATIVE PROCESS (IP)
INNOVATION
INNOVATION
Innovation
LEED Accredited Professional
NC CS
S
R DC WDC HO HC EP.
1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
Prerequisite Integrative Project
Planning and Design
Integrative Process
NC
CS
DC WDC HO HC EP.
X
168
INNOVATION
IN Credit Innovation
NC
1-5
Innovation
CS
1-5
Intent
To encourage projects to
achieve exceptional or
innovative performance.
S
1-5
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS HC
1-5 1-5
Requirements
Option 1. Innovation (1-3 points)

Identify following in writing:
Intent of innovation credit
Proposed requirement for
compliance
Proposed submittals to
demonstrate compliance
Design approach (strategies)
used to meet requirements
INNOVATION
NC
1-5
Innovation
Intent
CS
1-5
S
1-5
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS HC
1-5 1-5
Requirements
Option 2. Pilot (1-3 points)

Achieve one pilot credit from
USGBCs LEED Pilot Credit Library
169
INNOVATION
NC
1-5
Innovation
CS
1-5
S
1-5
Intent
R
1-5
DC
1-5
WDC
1-5
HOS HC
1-5 1-5
Requirements
Option 3. Exemplary Performance (1-2

points)
Eligible credits listed in
Reference Guide, some rules of
thumb:
Double credit requirements
(20% 40%)
Next incremental threshold
(5%, 10% 15%)
INNOVATION
Strategies & Terms
Apply strategies or measures that demonstrate a

comprehensive approach and quantifiable environment
and/or health benefits.
Substantially exceed an existing credit such as energy
performance.
Review the Pilot Credit Library to identify strategies that
would be applicable to your project.
Using multiple options is required to earn all Innovation
points.
Responsible Party
Architect
Owner
MEP
Design Team
170
QUESTION:
When submitting for an Innovation in Design Credit,
the design team must:
1. Submit a CIR prior to the Construction Phase
submittal
2. Submit an appeal to GBCI
3. Video tape the implementation of the strategy
4. Document quantifiable environment and/or
health benefits.
Innovation:
SAMPLE QUESTION
QUESTION:
When submitting for an Innovation in Design Credit,
the design team must:
1. Submit a CIR prior to the Construction Phase
submittal
2. Submit an appeal to GBCI
3. Video tape the implementation of the strategy
4. Document quantifiable environment and/or
health benefits.
Innovation:
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
Submit a CIR prior to the Construction Phase
submittal
Submit an appeal to GBCI
Video tape the implementation of the strategy
Document quantifiable environment and/or

health benefits.
171
INNOVATION
IN Credit LEED Accredited Professional
NC
1
LEED Accredited Professional
CS
1
Intent
To encourage the team integration

required by a LEED project and to
streamline the application and
certification process .
none
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1
1
Requirements
At least one principal participant of the

project team must be a LEED Accredited
Professional (AP) with a specialty
appropriate for the project.
LEED AP BD+C
LEED AP ID+C
LEED AP O+M
LEED AP Homes
LEED AP ND
INNOVATION
IN Credit LEED Accredited Professional
Strategies & Terms
Ensure that at least one principle project team member

is LEED accredited
Ideally, several or all members would be LEED
accredited. However, no extra points would be
awarded for such a scenario.
Responsible Party
Design Team
LEED
AP
172
QUESTION:
A design team for a LEED BD+C: New
Construction project has a mechanical engineer
and an architect that are LEED Accredited
Professionals with a BD+C specialty, and the
structural engineer is a LEED AP with an O+M
specialty, which would help contribute to:
1. One IN point
2. Two IN points
3. Three IN points
4. One Regional Priority
LEED AP:
5. Enhanced Commissioning
SAMPLE QUESTION
QUESTION:
A design team for a LEED BD+C: New
Construction project has a mechanical engineer
and an architect that are LEED Accredited
Professionals with a BD+C specialty, and the
structural engineer is a LEED AP with an O+M
specialty, which would help contribute to:
1. One IN point
2. Two IN points
3. Three IN points
4. One Regional Priority
LEED AP:
SAMPLE QUESTION
5. Enhanced Commissioning
ANSWER:
One IN point
Two IN points
Three IN points
One Regional Priority
173
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
IP Credit Integrative Process
NC
1
Integrative Process
CS
1
Intent
To support high-performance, costeffective project outcomes through an

early analysis of the interrelationships
among systems.
ANSI Consensus National Standard Guide 2.0

for Design and Construction of Sustainable
Buildings and Communities (Feb 2, 2012)
S
1
R
1
DC
1
WDC
1
HOS HC
1-5 1-5
Requirements
Identify and use opportunities to achieve

synergies across disciplines and building
systems.
Simple box energy modeling during
schematic design
Water budget analysis during schematic
design
Use early energy modeling and water
budget to inform OPR, BOD, eventual
project design
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
Integrative Process
Strategies & Terms
Early simple box modeling should assess at least two of

the following:
Site conditions
Massing and orientation
Basic envelope attributes
Lighting levels
Thermal comfort ranges
Plug and process load needs
Programmatic and operational parameters
Water budget should address:
Indoor water demand
Outdoor water demand
Process water demand
Supply sources
Responsible Party
Entire Team!
174
INTEGRATIVE PROCESS
noun.
1. an iterative, collaborative
approach that involves a projects
stakeholders in the process from
visioning through completion of
construction and throughout
building operation.
-from the USGBC
QUESTION:
All of the following should be considered during the
Discovery phase except? (select 2):
1. Indoor water demand
2. Lighting levels
3. Local recyclers
4. Thermal comfort ranges
5. Commissioning
Integrative Process:
SAMPLE QUESTION
175
QUESTION:
All of the following should be considered during the
Discovery phase except? (select 2):
2. Lighting levels
3. Local recyclers
5. Commissioning
Integrative Process:
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
2. Lighting levels
Local recyclers
Commissioning
REGIONAL PRIORITY (RP)
176
REGIONAL PRIORITY
CREDIT
Regional Priority
NC
1-4
CS
S
R DC WDC HO HC EP.
1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4
REGIONAL PRIORITY
RP Credit Regional Priority
NC
1-4
Regional Priority
Intent
To provide an incentive for the

achievement of credits that address
geographically specific environmental,
social equity, and public health
priorities.
Priority credits & their geographic

applicability on USGBC website:
http://www.usgbc.org
CS
1-4
S
1-4
R
1-4
DC
1-4
WDC
1-4
HOS HC
1-4 1-4
Requirements
Earn up to 4 of the 6 regional priority

credits. Credits are determined by USGBC
regional chapters.
177
REGIONAL PRIORITY
RP Credit Regional Priority
Strategies & Terms
Responsible Party
Refer to the USGBC website for the Regional Priority

credits that are available.
Regional Priority credits are assigned by the zip code,
which will coordinate with the projects address
LEED Project
Administrator
Regional priority credits were developed to identify

specific environmental zones within the building
projects area that encourage design teams to pursue
at least four of the six credits allocated.
QUESTION:
The USGBC regional councils and chapter
collaborated to determine the Regional Priority
credit, in which credits were identified based on:
1. Major environmental issues for the US
2. Environmental importance for a projects region
3. Water and energy conservation concerns
4. EPA guidelines
RP Credit Regional
Priority
SAMPLE QUESTION
178
QUESTION:
The USGBC regional councils and chapter
collaborated to determine the Regional Priority
credit, in which credits were identified based on:
1. Major environmental issues for the US

2. Environmental importance for a projects region
3. Water and energy conservation concerns
4. EPA guidelines
RP Credit Regional
Priority
SAMPLE QUESTION
ANSWER:
o
Major environmental issues for the US

Environmental importance for a projects
region
Water and energy conservation concerns
EPA guidelines
+ REVIEW
179
Eligibility Requirements:
Candidates must agree to the Disciplinary & Exam
Appeals Policy, credential maintenance, submit to
an application audit, and be 18 years of age or
older
LEED GREEN
A S S O C I AT ES
FEES
Exam fee:
USGBC members
CaGBC members
Non-members
$200
$200
$250
Exam Facts
Eligibility Requirements:
Prior LEED project experience is strongly
recommended. Practitioner experience is critical
to the LEED AP designation and, as such, project
proficiency will be tested objectively within the
LEED AP exam itself.
Candidates must also agree to the Disciplinary &
Exam Appeals Policy, credential maintenance, and
submit to an application audit, and be 18 years of
age.
LEED AP
Exam Facts
FEES
Full Exam fee:
USGBC members
CaGBC members
Non-members
$400
$400
$550
Specialty Exam Only:

USGBC members
CaGBC members
Non-members
$250
$250
$350
180
+ EXAM SKILLS
Studying and Testing Well
10 minutes introducing the test procedures

2 hrs for 100 multiple choice questions
No true/false questions
10 minutes for optional survey
GREEN
A S S O C I AT E E X A M
Exam addresses 9 Knowledge Domains, but the

questions are all mixed together: LEED Process,
Integrative Strategies, Location and Transportation,
Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy and
Atmosphere, Materials and Resources, Indoor
Environmental Quality, and Project Surroundings and
Public Outreach.
Scoring is on a scale of 125 to 200
Score of 170 required to pass
181
SKILLS
Prepare the night before with just the material

highlights
If you are well prepared and studied well, it is more

likely that you will feel confident
Wear something comfortable
Choose a date that is non-stressful, try not to have

meetings before or after the test
Pay attention to the first ten minute review of how

the computer testing works so it does not distract you
from the test
If you have trouble concentrating during the test,

close your eyes for a minute and relax, think of
something positive
If there is a question you dont know, take your best

guess and mark it so you can come back to it.
You have a higher chance getting the point with an

answer then without one.
Go through the test at a steady pace. Dont let one

question keep you from going on.
Review material at least three times using three

different formats:
This class
Read resources to yourself and out loud
Take practice exams
Use flash cards
Take notes and highlight important terms and
phrases
Give material context by applying it to your own life

and work
How do the principals that you learn from this class
impact your personal life?
How do they impact the work that you do?
How can they relate to the world at large?
Study effectively to retain the material for the exam

and for application
Study with a partner and/or group
Study in steady intervals, do not cram
Test Taking
SKILLS
Study Skills
182
R E F E R E N C E G U I D E S / R AT I N G S Y S T E M S
R AT I N G S Y S T E M A D A P TAT I O N
BD+C
ID+C
O+M
Homes
ND
New
Construction
and Major
Renovations
Commercial
Interiors
Existing
Buildings
Homes and
Multifamily
Lowrise
Plan
Core and
Shell
Development
Retail
Retail
Multifamily
Midrise
Project
Schools
Hospitality
Schools
Retail
Hospitality
Data Centers
Data Centers
Warehouses and
Distribution
Centers
Warehouses and
Distribution
Centers
Hospitality
Healthcare
L E E D T H E R AT I N G S Y S T E M S S T R U C T U R E
Within the individual LEED

Rating System Adaptations
there are Categories
Within these categories are

Prerequisites
Required of all LEED
Projects, no points are
awarded
Credits
Points are awarded for
achieving the credit
requirements
183
Location
and
Transportation
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy and Atmosphere
Materials and Resources
Indoor Environmental
Quality
CO R E L E E D C AT EG OR I ES FO R B D + C
Now, you will be able to:
W H AT D I D YO U
LEARN?
Course Summary
Explain the various LEED rating systems,

categories, and minimum program
requirements.
List the requirements, strategies and intent of
each credit in LEED v4 for New Construction
Identify the core concepts and define key terms
behind green building.
Differentiate between the many referenced
standards used by LEED v4, such as ASHRAE
Standard 90.1-2010, Green-e Energy product
certification, and the California Department of
Public Health Standard Method v1.1-2010.
Identify best practices for achieving a
sustainable project site, such as site selection,
reducing building footprint and restoring native
vegetation, to reduce impact to the
environment.
184
Now, you will be able to:
W H AT D I D YO U
LEARN?
Course Summary
Determine appropriate water saving strategies,

such as using non-potable water and selecting
water efficient fixtures, to reduce the use of
municipal drinking water for non-drinking
purposes.
Prioritize strategies related to energy use, such
as energy efficiency, use of clean energy, and
on-going operations, to maximize pay-back and
diminish impact on the environment.
Relate material selection to Life-Cycle
Assessment with concepts such as extending
building stock, redirecting resources back to the
manufacturing process, and sourcing locally
harvested materials, in order to reduce the
environmental impact of using virgin materials.
Explain the ways in which the building process
and operations can affect a projects Indoor
Environmental Quality, such as access to
daylight and views and implementing an Indoor
Air Quality Management Plan.
+ Thank You!
We hope you enjoyed the course
185

LEED V4 - Participant - Book

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GREEN BUILDING

PRINCIPLES & LEED

LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION

ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

By completing this course, you will be able to:

Learning Objectives, Contd.

Explain the various LEED rating systems,

Determine appropriate water saving strategies,

More people live in urban conditions than in rural

People ~ Planet ~ Profit

TRIPLE BOT TOM LINE

OUR HEALTH & WELL-BEING

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & CLIMATE CHANGE

Buildings are LEED Registered

Documentation is submitted onto

Individuals take an exam

Only organizations can be

Member logos are for organizations that are members of National

USGBC AND GBCI LOGOS

LEED RATING LEVELS

Minimum Program Requirements:

Must be in a permanent location on

A project must adhere to the

A LEED seeking project can use the campus approach

LEED RATING SYSTEMS

LEED for Building Design and

LEED for Interior

LEED for Operations and

New Construction and Major

Whole Building Design and

Interior spaces that

Core and Shell certification is for

LEED for Homes

LEED for Neighborhood

Adaptation Homes and Multifamily Lowrise

Single-family homes and multifamily residential buildings up to 8

New land development projects

Rating System Adaptation is

LEED ND: Plan certifies projects

LEED RATING SYSTEMS

LEED BD+C: New Construction

LEED BD+C: New Construction

LEED RATING SYSTEMS

WITHIN THE LEED

LEED BD+C, LEED ID+C, LEED O+M,

L E E D FO R N E I G H B OR HOO D D E V E LOP MEN T

+ THE LEED PROCESS

BUILDING LIFE CYCLE

H O M ES: C E RT I FIC AT I ON P RO C ESS

Complete Key Forms

Modeled energy performance in EnerGuide

L EED CAT EGORIES

LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION

LOCAT ION AN D T R A N S PORTATI O N

8-20 8-15 8-16

8-16 8-16 5-9

LOCATION AND T RAN S PORTATION

LEED for Neighborhood Development Location

To avoid development on inappropriate

Locate the project in a neighborhood

BD+C: Core &

LOCATION AND T RAN S PORTATION