Health Care System

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Abstract
The paper aims to analyse the health care system in regards of economics and policy
intervention. Moreover, it analyse the main theme of the paper by means of different research
questions that intends to analyse a brief discussion regarding health care policies and the role of
regulator and market in intervention of the UK health care sector. In addition, it further analyse a
questionnaire survey from 50 random people from NHS in the UK so is to work further on the
main theme of the paper. Last of all, it evaluates a brief conclusion of the complete research
paper and a set of recommendations for the further working.

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Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................2
Chapter: 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................4
1.1.

Background of the Study...................................................................................................4

1.1.

Aims and Objectives.........................................................................................................4

1.2.

Research Questions...........................................................................................................4

1.3.

Research Statement...........................................................................................................5

Chapter: 2- Literature Review.........................................................................................................5

2.1. Health Care as Policy Intervention.......................................................................................5
2.2. The Role of a Regulator and Markets in the Provision of Health Care................................7
Chapter: 3- Research Methodology.................................................................................................8
3.1. Data Collection Method........................................................................................................8
3.3.1- Primary Data Collection....................................................................................................8
3.3.2- Secondary Data Collection................................................................................................8
3.2. Data Analysis........................................................................................................................9
3.7.1-

Quantitative................................................................................................................9

3.7.2-

Qualitative..................................................................................................................9

3.3. Ethical Consideration..........................................................................................................10

Chapter: 4- Results and Discussion...............................................................................................10
Chapter: 5- Conclusion and Recommendations............................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................16

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Chapter: 1 Introduction
1.1.

Background of the Study

The UK medicinal services administrations are an awesome sample of openly financed and
secretly subsidized social insurance frameworks separately. The part of government mediations
in the procurement of human services is to adjust the interest and supply of the administrations;
and in addition anticipate market disappointments as syndication, value altering, and misuse.
Protection framework is additionally acquainted with maintain a strategic distance from data
asymmetry in the business. In the UK health awareness administration it is watched that an open
supported framework will endeavour to dishearten market disappointments by dodging data
asymmetry, negative externalities and provincial imposing business models. On the other hand,
the National Health Service (NHS) experiences designation and gainful inefficiencies (Blunt &
Bardsley, 2010). The exploration focusses on surveying the part of a controller when
guaranteeing productivity and aggressiveness and additionally disheartening business sector
disappointments; while the part of a business structure will guarantee better proficiency in health
awareness procurement.
1.1.

Aims and Objectives

The aim of the study is to assess the UK health care system. Following are the objectives of the
research:

To analyse the health care policies intervention in the UK

To evaluate the role of regulator and market in provision of health care

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1.2.

Research Questions

1.3.

What are the health care policies interventions in the UK?

What is the role of regulator and market in provision of health care?
Research Statement

Like many other industries in UK, health care industry is also influenced by economic changes;
therefore the paper aims to assess the link between economic and health care in the UK.

Chapter: 2- Literature Review

2.1. Health Care as Policy Intervention
According to McNally (2006) in the current working society, access to essential and crisis
medicinal services is viewed as an evident good right, paying little respect to gender, age, or
belief. Medicinal services frameworks contain state claimed elements which give free wellbeing
management, subsidized by the citizen, despite the fact that the restrictions on state
administrations vary incredibly, characterizing the private and open administrations. By its
nature, a state claimed element obliges arrangement mediations in its organisation, with a
specific end goal to choose what benefits every administration decides to give.
As a public management, the UK government run imposing business models on health awareness
in some way or another. In the meantime, Culyer (1993) specified beneficial foundations, for
example, doctor's facilities may make confined syndications since no other option offer their
administrations and economies of scale incentivise 'the development of one substantial healing
facility in a territory instead of countless clinics'. By definition, syndications make financial
inefficiencies through social misfortune such that an imposing business model firm may hold
higher benefits from their own addition. Where social insurance exists as a secretly gave
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framework, the same regulations, and strategies that are exacted on all free endeavour may be
utilized. Such strategies exist to guarantee flawless rivalry where conceivable, to keep the
development of cartels or value settling, and to breaking point the misuse and focal points given
to any regular syndication (Winstanley, 2004).
As per (O'Brien, 1998), with free services, interest for medicinal services from the average
citizen is its useful greatest. The part of government is to supply this interest to the best of its
capacity. Such, it can be seen that the government itself has an interest for a level of medicinal
services which makes a balance against what the generation firms can supply. Strategy mediation
is accordingly needed to pick the suitable level of interest the administration wishes to get, given
the expense of supply, the health requests of the individuals and the level of financing from
duties.
As the interest for social insurance is not a steady for any individual customer, since mischances
are unusual, an arrangement of protection has been received in numerous businesses, whereby a
prepayment to a firm is made, such that when interest for health consideration is obliged, all
expenses are secured by the firm. Ferlie (2001) stated that the free health services supported by
duties may go about as an intermediary to a protection framework since assessments are paid
routinely in return for returns through open services. With any protection framework, issues may
emerge if contracts are disgracefully characterised or data is unbalanced, such that shoppers are
denied assistance in the event that they are not sufficiently secured, or are unconscious of the full
degree of their protection scope. An approach and administrative body may be fundamental to
guarantee reasonable contracts are held without abuse.

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2.2. The Role of a Regulator and Markets in the Provision of Health Care
According to Culyer (1993) human services is a decent that is, by and large, under-supplied and
over-estimated in aggressive markets. The part of the administration, as to health awareness,
ought to be to manage supply at an ideal level that would not generally exist in a focused
business. Hence, given this supply of social insurance gave by the administration, controllers
ought to exist to guarantee the proficient operation of the NHS in the UK. Because of the
absence of direct rivalry to the NHS, supply is just an element of expenses, instead of being a
component of cost and additionally costs, simply because it is given to allow to purchasers who
request it.
The part of business sectors is to, by incentivising people to react to flags in the business,
accomplish effectiveness and value in the human services industry. So as to expand the supply of
social insurance administrations, boosting productivity ought to be the need part for both the
National Health Service (NHS), and the private health awareness suppliers that exist in the UK.
Because of the aggressive way of the business sector for health awareness in the UK, boosting
supply ought not to be the need, else it may wind up with an overabundance of supply over
interest for social insurance - barely an effective designation of assets. Rather, guaranteeing
compelling asset portion subject to the interest and supply for human services ought to be the
essential part for the focused business for social insurance in the UK (O'Brien, 1998).
Flawed rivalry, as oligopolies and deviated data, in the health awareness industry in the UK, on
the other hand, causes the part of the business sectors to be mutilated frequently bringing about
business disappointments, for instance, corner markets, and business division. Moreover, it is
stated by (Campbell, 2007) controllers ought to additionally intercede to take out these business
sector disappointments, where conceivable, in the UK social insurance framework trying to
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amplify the procurement of human services to people. In addition, the part of the controllers is to
support the generation of medicinal services and the part of the business sectors is to allotment
assets in the most effective way.

Chapter: 3- Research Methodology

The chapter aims to present a research framework with a detailed idea about the research and
how it is conducted. Moreover, the main purpose of the chapter is to assess the data collection
methods, data analysis, and sample from which interviews are conducted.
3.1. Data Collection Method
3.3.1- Primary Data Collection
Primary data is known as the information which is collected by the researcher for the purpose of
study. These types of data are collected for the first time and are known as first-hand information
which has not been published and is new for the study as well as researcher. There are various
methods of collecting primary data such as online surveys, interviews, observations, scientific
experiments, focus group interviews, and case studies. Depending on the purpose and nature of
study, the method that is used in this research study for collecting primary data is questionnaires
about the health care system in UK (Khan, 2011).
3.3.2- Secondary Data Collection
Secondary data is known as the data that is already collected from someone other than the user.
This type of information is obtained from the sources that have been published already. This data
are collected from sources such as journal articles, newspapers, and others (der & Rensburg,
2006). For the considered study different articles are used that have emphasised on the health
care system in UK.
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3.2. Data Analysis

There are two most common types that are often used to analyse the data in a more appropriate
manner and these are as follows;
3.7.1- Quantitative
Quantitative research is an exploration with the realistic quantities information such as statistics
that to assess or study the validity of hypotheses and theories for resolving a matter viably. The
quantitative research is a systematic way for estimating and refuting intention and hypotheses
which have been recognised by reviewing of theory and different literature (Flick, 2011).
Moreover, quantitative approach gives assessable computed information to study, the association
between facts and theories all the way through analysis of gathered information. It is observed
that this type of research is not merely used to discover the link between facts and theory but also
can be useful to finding the details of concept, query, and characteristic. This is not an
appropriate for this study however a mixed strategy is used in the research (Sreedharan, 2007).
3.7.2- Qualitative
The qualitative research is particularly based on collecting peoples personal data such as
meanings, understandings, explanation in subject that to progress the theories viably. It is an
important approach for discovering an origination of a subject which does not have current
theory. Further, the theory in qualitative research is not explained clearly in beginning but will be
engendered after data collection and analysis (Tracy, 2012).
Moreover, the qualitative research rises to respondents opinion in their specialised discipline.
The respondents might be individuals or groups and their opinion might entails their permissive,
choices, assessments, considering in the identify research subject. Most of the researchers can

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easily collect information through this technique in order to solve their issues, screening
clarifications, and determining new thoughts for a subject (Brennen, 2012).
For this considered research qualitative technique is used. For that purpose, a number of studies
were considered in order to attain the set goals and objectives of this research
3.3. Ethical Consideration
It is important for the researcher to consider ethical considerations at the time of proceeding with
the study. The most important aspect that must be considered by the researcher is the problem of
plagiarism. It is noticed that in this type of wide and extensive research study the issue of
plagiarism can arise which is referred to as the criminal offence. Therefore, it is important for the
researcher to ensure that no traces of plagiarism are present in the paper and it is written in their
own words by considering the perceptions of different authors and people (Krishnaswamy, et al.,
2009).

Chapter: 4- Results and Discussion

Results

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The above graph The influence of economic in health care system promotes unequal medical
facilities among patients clearly identifies that most of the people are agreeing on the fact
regarding the unequal medical facilities in health care centre because of the financial
involvement

The above graph The monopoly in health care sector in the UK increases the competition
among the public and private health care sector explains that there are mix opinions among
people regarding the monopoly and competition in the UK public and private health care sector.

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The above graph shows that Free services in public health care centres like NHS increases the
urge for average people to focus on the public health care centres most of the people strongly
agree to the fact that average people focuses on the public health care centres when it comes to
avail medical facilities.

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The above graph NHS is one of the most old and best Health care medical centre working in the
UK shows an increase trend of the people agreeing regarding NHSs best health care facilities
in the market place.
Discussion
It is discussed in the above report that in the present working society, access to vital and
emergency therapeutic administrations is seen as an apparent decent right, paying little regard to
sexual orientation, age, or conviction. Therapeutic administrations systems contain state asserted
components which give free wellbeing administration, financed by the subject, notwithstanding
the way that the limitations on state organizations shift unbelievably, describing the private and
open organizations. By its inclination, a state guaranteed component obliges plan intercessions in
its association, with a particular deciding objective to pick what advantages each organization
chooses to give.
Moreover, it is seen that with free administrations, enthusiasm for therapeutic administrations
from the normal national is its valuable most prominent. The piece of government is to supply
this enthusiasm to the best of its ability. Such, it can be seen that the administration itself has an
enthusiasm for a level of restorative administrations which makes a parity against what the era
firms can supply. Procedure intervention is as needs be expected to pick the suitable level of
interest the organization wishes to get, given the cost of supply, the wellbeing solicitations of the
people and the level of financing from obligations
Although, human administrations is an average that is, all around, under-supplied and overassessed in forceful markets. The piece of the organization, as to wellbeing mindfulness, should
be to oversee supply at a perfect level that would not for the most part exist in an engaged
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business. Subsequently, given this supply of social protection gave by the organization,
controllers should exist to ensure the capable operation of the NHS in the UK. As a result of the
nonappearance of direct competition to the NHS, supply is only a component of costs, as
opposed to being a part of expense and also costs, basically in light of the fact that it is given to
permit to buyers who demand it.

Chapter: 5- Conclusion and Recommendations

All through the report, it has been watched that the qualities, positives and also disadvantages
from the two distinctive social insurance frameworks, open and private supported. Also, the
significance of government mediations was assessed and the parts of controllers keeping in mind
the end goal to dodge the business disappointment. On account of the UK framework, statesupported social insurance procurement guarantees equivalent administrations for all natives and
no territorial syndications. The framework is likewise profit by gigantic economy-of-scale and
being a successful efficient apparatus to keep the workforce at a sound state. On the other hand,
it endures absence of advancement and improvement, prompting inadequate in quality and
amount of human services benefits in long haul. Asset portion wastefulness and waste are
likewise real issues for the UK market. Subsequently, the part of the administration and
controllers here should be more conclusive. There are distinctive approaches to minimize these
disservices in long haul, for example,

Increase the retirement age: Easing up the weight from dependant populace on the

medicinal services and protection framework.

Provide more opening and in addition preparing for low maintenance staffs in NHS
offices: Enable to fulfil a larger amount of interest and enhance the nature of
administrations.

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Easing the migration boundaries for specialists from abroad: As high-talented staff

obliges long time to prepare.

Improve the characteristics of machines in existed NHS offices: Other than building new

ones.
Encourage and sponsorship explores: For low-value pharmaceuticals, undeveloped cell

and quality innovation.

Organize crusade and educational projects: To instruct individuals live, keep their family
and surrounding environment wellbeing and hygiene.

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