ABSTRACT

In chemical engineering, chemical reactors are vessels designed to contain chemical reactions. The
reactor is the equipment in which empirical information is obtained can be divided into two types, the
batch and flow reactors. The batch reactor is simply a container to hold the contents while they react. The
flow reactor is used primarily in the study of the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions. In this case of study,
the continuous stirred tank reactor is carried out in order to determine the order of the saponification
reaction and also to determine the reaction rate constant, k. According to the theory, the saponification
process can be categorized as the second order reaction. A plot of the experimental data should be a
straight line in which its slope is the rate constant of the reaction. The deviation of graph is due to the
lateness addition of sample into HCl that will quench the reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethyl
acetate. The deviation of graph between minute 0 to minute 1 is also due to the titration process in which
the pink color that needs to obtain is not as light as needed. Also, the error when taking the buret readings
can be lead to the deviation when plotting both the graph of ln C A versus time and ln CB/CA versus time..
The objectives of study are not successfully achieved.

INTRODUCTION.
Every industrial chemical process is designed to produce economically a desired
product from a variety of starting materials through a succession of treatment
steps. The raw materials undergo a number of physical treatment steps to put them
in the form in which they can be reacted chemically. They then pass through the
reactor. The products of the reaction must then undergo further physical treatment
like separations, purification, etc for the final desired product to be obtained.
In chemical engineering, chemical reactors are vessels designed to contain
chemical reactions. The design of a chemical reactor deals with multiple aspects of
chemical engineering. Chemical engineers design reactors to maximize the net
present value for the given reaction. Designers ensure that the reaction proceeds
with the highest efficiency towards the desired output product, producing the
highest yield of product while requiring the least amount of money to purchase and
operate.
Reactor design uses information, knowledge and experience from a variety of
areas such as thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer,
mass transfer and economics. Chemical reaction engineering is the synthesis of all
these factors with the aim of properly designing a chemical reactor.
The reactor is the equipment in which empirical information is obtained can
be divided into two types, the batch and flow reactors. The batch reactor is simply a
container to hold the contents while they react. The flow reactor is used primarily in
the study of the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions.

REFERENCES
1.

Schmidt, Lanny D. (1998). The Engineering of Chemical

Reactions. New York: Oxford University Press.

2.

Kenneth A. Connors Chemical Kinetics, the study of

reaction rates in solution, 1991, VCH Publishers.

3. http://www.chem.arizona.edu/~salzmanr/480a/480ants/chemkine.html.
4.

Isaacs, N.S., "Physical Organic Chemistry, 2nd edition,

Section 2.8.3, Adison Wesley Longman, Harlow UK, 1995.

5. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/activation_energy
6. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/temperature.html
7. http://www.labequip.co.za/pg/76461/basic-process-reaction-engineering
8.

Fogler, Scott H.Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering , 4th ed. Englewood

Cliffs, NJ:Prentice hall,2006. Page 12,40

9.
Michael L,NoorHayati&Dr.Norbani,College Matriculation Chemistry, SAP
Education SDN.BHD,2011

APPENDICES