PHYSICS

FORM 4

Chapter 2

Forces & Motion

Cikgu Desikan

Chapter 2

Forces & Motion

Dear students,

The two basic processes of education are knowing and valuing.

FORM 4 PHYSICS
2015

Learning Objectives :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Analysing linear motion

Analysing motion Graphs
Understanding inertia
Analysing momentum
Understanding the effects of a force
Analysing impulse and impulsive force
Being aware of the need for safety
features in vehicles

8. Understanding gravity
9. Analysing forces in equilibrium
10. Understanding work, energy, power and
efficiency
11. Appreciating the importance of
maximising the efficiency of devices
12. Understanding elasticity

Analysis of Past Year Questions

P1
P2

P3

A
B
C
A
B

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

8
1

7
1
1

8
1

9
1

9
1
1

8
1
1
1

7
2
-

9
1
1
1
-

1
1

Chapter 2

Forces & Motion

Dear students,

Its not the cards youre dealt its how you play the game !!!

Concept Map
Forces & Motion
Kinematics

Dynamics

Linear Motion

Inertia

Effects of Forces
Newtons
2nd Law of
Motion

Distance

Displacement

Mass

Speed

Velocity

Newtons
1st Law of
Motion

Acceleration/Deceleration
Graphs

Linear Motion
Equations

Principle of
Resultant
Force

Linear Momentum
Elastic/
Inelastic
Collision

F=ma

Principle of
Conservation of
momentum

Principle of
Resolution
of Force
Newtons 3rd
Law of Motion

Explosion

Work
Power

Energy

2.1 Linear Motion

Physical Quantity
Distance, l
Distance is the total path length traveled from
one location to another.

Displacement, l
The distance of its final position from its initial
position in a specified direction.

Velocity
Rate of change of displacement.

Speed
Rate of change of distance

Average speed

Average velocity

Uniform speed
Speed that remains the same in magnitude
regardless of its direction.

Uniform velocity
Velocity that remains the same in magnitude
and direction.
Acceleration
the rate of change of velocity

An object has a uniform velocity only if:

the direction of motion same or
linear motion

the magnitude of its velocity

constant

An object has a uniform speed if:

the magnitude of its speed

constant regardless direction.
10 ms-1
10 ms-1
10 ms-1
uniform
speed

uniform
velocity
10 ms-1

10 ms-1

10 ms-1

uniform
speed
10 ms-1

uniform
velocity

10 ms-1

40 ms-1

40 ms-1

30 ms-1
30 ms-1
uniform
speed
uniform
velocity
20 ms-1

uniform
speed
20 ms-1
10 ms-1

uniform
velocity

10 ms-1

Term

Explanation

Constant

Increasing velocity

Decreasing velocity

Zero velocity

Negative velocity

Zero acceleration

Positive acceleration

Negative acceleration

Example 1
An aeroplane flies towards the north with a velocity
300 km/hr in one hour. Then, the plane moves to
the east with the velocity 400 km / hr in one hour.
(a) What is the average speed of the plane?
(b) What is the average velocity of the plane?

Example 2
The speedometer reading for a car
traveling north shows 70 km/hr. Another
car traveling at 70 km/hr towards south.
Is the speed of both cars same? Is the
velocity of both cars same?

Velocity

Ticker timer

Use: 12 V a.c power supply

1 tick = time interval between two

dots.

The time taken to make 50 ticks on the ticker

tape is 1 second. Hence, the time interval
between 2 consecutive dots is 1/50 = 0.02 s.
1 tick = 0.02 s

11 dots
x cm

Time, t =
=
Displacement, s =

No. of ticks

Velocity = s =
t

Acceleration

Initial velocity,

11 dots

Final velocity,
x1 cm

Elapse time, t =

x2 cm

Acceleration,

Ticker Tape

Ticker Chart

Type of Motion
Constant velocity

Length/cm
Length/cm

(ii)

Length/cm

(i)

(i)
(ii)

Distance between the dots

increases uniformly
The velocity is of the object is
________________________
The object is moving at a
uniform / constant
________________________

Distance between the dots

decrease uniformly
The velocity of the object is
________________________
The object is experiencing
uniform / constant
________________________

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The Equations of Motion

u = initial velocity
v = final velocity
t = time taken
s = displacement
a = constant acceleration

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Exercise 2.1
1. The diagram above shows a ticker tape
Length (cm)
chart for a moving trolley. The frequency of
the ticker-timer used is 50 Hz. Each section
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has 11 dots.
a) What is the time between two dots.
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b) What is the time for one strips.
c) What is the initial velocity
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d) What is the final velocity.
e) What is the time interval to change from
6
initial velocity to final velocity?
f) What is the acceleration of the object.
4
2

Ticks
0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

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2. A rocket accelerates with 20 ms-2.

Calculate its velocity after 2.5 minutes if its
initial velocity is 3000 ms-1.

3. A van travels up a slope and it stops after

12 seconds. Its initial velocity is 18 ms-1.
Calculate its acceleration.

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4. A group of student made a rocket and

launched it vertically upwards with velocity
of 27 ms-1. What is the total distance
travelled by the rocket?
[Assume g = 10 ms-2]

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