CASHEW NUT PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

Raw cashew nut -> calibator 1 -> steaming (roasting) -> calibator 2 -> shelling -> seperating -> Drying ->
peeling -> grading -> vacuum packing

Natural Drying of Raw Cashew Nuts:

Drying Tips:
At the time of arrival in the factory nuts have high humidity; it needs to be dried to prevent quality loss of
the nuts during warehousing.
Nuts dried in direct sun (not scorching) for 1 3 days until they make a rattling sound.
Nuts must be dried on cemented floor or locally made mat or plastic sheet to avoid contamination with dirt
and other foreign matter.
Sometimes nuts are already dried when arriving to the factory, in this case no need to dry them more.
Over drying can scorched the kernels and in some cases it gets oily due to CNSL contamination, and
results in higher % of broken in de-shelling
Warehousing of nuts at high humidity results in outturn loss and reflects lower yield with more scorched
kernels.
Nut with high humidity cause CNSL burning in de-shelling.
Location and area needed:
Dry yard location should be far from any shadow of any tree, building or any other object and adjacent to
the warehouse of raw nuts.
Area required for each ton of raw nuts drying is approx 8 m. 1000 tons capacity plant required minimum
of 1000 m2 of drying area.
Construction of Drying Yard for cashew nuts:
Big stones of 20-30 cm thickness layered and compacted in the place of drying yard, this help in
absorbing heat for quick drying.
Fill the gaps with a mix of small stones, sand and cement. Make sure dry yard is elevated in the middle
and slopped along the length sides, to facilitate free exit of water in rainy season.
Construct a 20 cm high wall in the all four sides of dry yard. Leave some holes in the wall to allows water
exit.
Few metallic supports can be adjusted in the centre to support a plastic sheet in case rains.
anpower: Seasonal Unskilled labor 20-22 Male.

Warehousing:
Ideal Warehouse Features:

Warehouse should be in dry area and fully protected from external humidity.
Warehouse should have sufficient space for projected volumes storage.
Warehouse should have good height with sufficient sunlight entry and air ventilation via
ventilators.
Warehouse should have pallets to store cashew bags for better air circulation.
Warehouse should be close to processing unit to have proper control and less risk of robberies.
Warehouse should have a active Warehouse Manager with his/her team.
Warehousing Precautions:

Nuts must be packed in jute sacks with a standard capacity of 80kg.

Bags of nuts should be stacked on pallets or wooden planks and kept away from walls for better
aeration.
Bags should be staked properly which allows easy counting of bags for physical stocks
verification.
To prevent from pest infestation, bags can be treated with a thin spray of mild pesticides.
Spray powder on each layer of the stack on the jute bags at the time of stacking, if you find some
flies in coming months use again spray on the surface of the stack.
Notes:

Proper stacking reduces the area for warehousing and reduces the risks of theft of the nuts.
Proper warehouse management can be used as a tool to ensure financing against warehouse
house receipt method
CLEANING AND CALIBRATION MACHINE

In this process we separate different sizes of cashew nuts with the help of a electric calibrator. This
calibrator has holes of different dimensions, starts from 18mm, separate five grades. Grading of nuts
normally
used
for
mechanical
plants
to
facilitate
in
assures even drying in Dryer treatment, making shelling it can be avoided, worker always wants to cut big
nuts, labor turnover.
Advantages

Fully automatic system that reduces labour in comparison with the solutions available on the
market and helps the operation control by advanced electronic control system
More uniform and precise calibration granted by the different processing concept and the adopted
manufacturing solutions.
More safety for the plant users and respect to the processing: utmost protection and least down
time periods.
Less space requirement in comparison with same capacity.
Less energy consumption in comparison with same capacity.
Low maintenance costs.
Thanks to the uniformity and precision of the classification, the processing steps after the
cleaning and calibration such as humidification, roasting, shelling, kernel drying and grading are
facilitated in comparison with the current system.
Main characteristics:

Raw cashew nuts cleaning machines

Product screw conveyors
Bag holders and connection piping
Calibration cylinders
Elevators
Electric control panel
Specification:

Capacity: 1,500 2000 kg / h

Finish product: 5 kinds of raw cashew with different sizes (A,a,B,b,C), size of hole 17- 23 mm
Feeder: material supplied by conveyor belt
Power: 4 Hp 3 Kw 3 Pha 380 V
Dimension of install (LxWxH): 8,000 x 1,500 x 2,500 mm
Weight: 1500 kg

RAW CASHEW STEAMING AND ROASTING MACHINE

The raw cashew roasting and steaming machine we has design according to the customers
request as CNSL (cashew nut shell liquid) bath roaster or rotate steaming drum. With the roating
and steam compatible with the most of kind of raw cashew in the world

Advantages

The machine low steam consumption resulting in energy saving and minimal atmospheric
admissions;
Having to mechanize loading and unloading, thus reducing labour.
Increasing maximum thermal efficiency thanks to the special structure of the roaster and to the
external insulation
The advanced control system allow monitoring temperature, time input and output

Specification:
CASHEW ROTATION STEAMING
MACHINE (CASHEW DRUM
STEAMING )& BUCKET ELEVATOR

CASHEW ROASTING MACHINE

Capacity: 600 Kg/hour (depend on

requirementcustomer, we have design)

Rate finish product: 98 100%

Power motor: 2HP 1.5 Kw

Power supply: 3 Pha 380 V

Capacity : 100 kg/batch (2 min/batch)

(depend on requirementcustomer, we have
design)

Power: 27 Hp 20Kw- 3Phase-380V-50Hz

Dimension (LxWxH): 5500 x 2400 x 4800

mm

Fuel: steaming

Size of chimney (DxL): 320 x 15000 mm

Dimension: 1400 x 1250 m

Cashew shell shooting machine

Dimension: 500 x 1.250 x 1.200 mm

Centrifigual fan: 350 1 HP, 0.75 Kw

-3phase

Bucket Elevator: Power supply: 1 Hp

0.75 Kw/h, 3 pha 220 V 50 Hz

Orient box shell cashew

Motor: 1/2Hp

Centrifigual Machine

Dimension (DxHxT): 1.000 x 400 x 4 mm

Motor: 10 HP /960 round/min

MANUAL SHELLING EQUIPMENT

The equipment use by hand and leg to control for shelling raw cashew, for capacity depend
of skill of labour
Specification:
One set is including: 1 table, 2 machines, 2 chairs for 2 people dealing with it, Capacity: 4
kg/hour (one lady)
By hand/leg
Rate broken: <5% (depend skill of lady)
Rate Finish: 90-95 %
FULL AUTOMATIC CASHEW SHELLING SYSTEM

Automatic cashew shelling machine

The objective of shelling is to produce clean, whole kernels free of cracks.

The steam cooked & air cured nuts are de-shelled by hand and leg operated cutters, and
now a days some semiautomatic and fully automatic machines are arrived in market for
fast process. Pair of workers are needed for one cutter. While the cutter de-shells the nuts,
the other worker retrieves the kernels from the shell. The nuts are fed one by one manually
between the two sets of blades to fit the contour of the fixed blades. The pressing of the
pedal pierces the nut on the convex side by means of two blades. The two blades are used to
splits the nut by operating the handle of the cutter. After de-shelling, the nut falls freely due
to gravity and is collected beneath the cutter.

This section is the key of success of the production. A pair of workers can cut near about 75
to 80 kgs of the nuts in normal conditions (when the quality of the nuts is of the superior
grades). In many places people dont like to work in groups there they can work alone with
one cutter cutting as well as separating the shell and kernel at the same time, this system
will allow you to check the broken at any stage of shelling.
In semi automatic shelling process one worker can handle 10 stations. Hi has to feed the
RCN in shelling machines hopper at regular interval. Semi automatic shelling machines
capacity depends upon the size of the RCN. Depending upon the variety of semi automatic
shelling machine single station can handle 60-65 nuts per min in most of the Indian made
machines, you can say about 70% of the market. Some machines are also available with
capacity of 130-140 raw cashew nut per min capacities. In the starting these machine gives
best result but when the time passes performance goes down. first 6 month these machines
gives 85-95% Shelling, broken ratio is 4-7%. But after six month unshelled ratio goes to
30-40% while broken ratio also goes too high.
Now we are going to use a third version of our machine which has best stability with time.
Capacity of the machine is 260-300 Raw Cashew Nuts per min.

CASHEW NUT DRYING MACHINE

Cashew nut drying machine

The machine use drying kiln of kernel of cashew bring back to moisture about 4-8 % to be
easy peeling skin of kernel . the temperature use drying about 80 -90 0C , and time 120
-135 min, depend on requirement of customer, we will be design static drying machine or
continuous drying machine
Advantages
Cashew nut drying machine has design with advantages technology, have control
temperature and time
Uniform quality products to increase highly effective for the peeling stage
Having strong structure, saving enegy and easy operation and maintain
Specification (static drying machine)
Capacity : 1500 1800 /batch (Time : 09-12 h/batch )

Dimension: LxWxH =5000 x 2800 x 2500 mm

Fuel: saturate steam, heating from boiler
Power: 3HP 3 pha 380V

After that kernel had drying kiln, the kernel have low moisture. To the best for peeling
machine have to kernel humidification . the machine include many fan blowing steam to
increase moisture of kernel.
Some country the farmer be use tradition method as drying fog or incubated wet, if use two
method lost lot of time
Advantages
Saving humidification time and cost and labor
Specification:
Capacity: 1000 kg/batch
Power: 0.75kw
Power source: 380V-50Hz (3 phase) or 220V 50Hz (1 phase)
Dimention (LxWxH): 2900 x 1500 x1200 mm
CASHEW KERNEL PEELING MACHINE

cashew peeling machine

General specifications are as below:

Outer dimension (LxWxH): 2700x900x2400mm ( installation area needed : approx 3 m2)
Average capacity : approx 1.2 tons 1.5 ton of Kernel / 8 hrs shift 8 hrs (Maximum: 2000
kg/8hour)
Performance :After one time running ,this model can achieve up to 75%-80% of fully skin
cleared ( meaning 75 to 80 fully cleared nut per 100 nuts at output. For peeling the the
available half break, this percentage value may get a higher range )
Broken percentage approx. 12-14% ( including 6%- 8% available broken nut at the inlet)
Note: The percentages of fully cleared and the broken, will be very much depended to the
facts of inlet nut treatment.
For ex.: -Depending to which treatment process applied : Roasting or Steaming . Those will
decide which setting data should be set for the machine
Depending to what kind of cashew nut ( Viet Nam, Indonesia, Cambodia, calibrated range
of nut: range 1, or 2, 3, 4..etc) and depending to how the process be practiced ( ex.: with
roasting process, the drying time within 8hrs ? 12 hrs, 14 hrs, 16 hrs.., the temperature
graph strong slopping or horizontal, quick or slow building up temperatureetc)
Depending to how long they were stored , how often they were move and the storing
conditionsetc
Then, it is up to the inlet conditions of your individual nut source, to determine the suitable
highest performance , you are advised to: First trial for control experiment at our customer
site with your existing cashew nuts. Or Whether, our technician will co-operate to handle
the trial shifts step by step to define what should be improved in your existing process
andwhich operational programs should be set to your machine, in order to get the highest
performance for your kind company.
This model is a very compact design with a strong structure. There is over 50% parts
imported. The fabrication has been done by high quality material and proper process.
Machine is ready for 24 hrs contnuously running with very low consumptions in both

electricity & pneumatic compounent

A completed set will include :
Inlet Hopper & vibrator by SS304
Main part of turning tunel & skinning shaft,
In/Out hopper& Vibrator, by MS with electrostatic painting
Pneumatic cleaner tuneel MS & S.S 304 ( for In/ Out guiding hoppers) -elec. Painting
Creen squirrel cage type & accessories full SS304
Modern controller (compact & high quality , easy operating) PLC S7-300 , touch screen
display with one set of operation manual & trouble shooting

V CASHEW - CASHEW PROCESSING UNITS / INDUSTRY:

Purpose

To meet domestic credit requirements of cashew processing units (both existing and new) i.e.
construction of factory building, purchase of machinery/equipments/vehicles etc., and
working capital requirements

Eligibility

Individuals, Associations, Proprietorship, Partnership concerns, LLPs, HUF, Private Limited

Companies, Trusts, Association of Persons (AOP) etc., registered under MSMED Act, 2006

Quantum of finance

Maximum of Rs 500 lakh

Security

Loans covered under CGTMSE:

No collateral security or third party guarantee shall be obtained.
Only Hypothecation of equipments / machinery / vehicle / stock
Loans not covered under CGTMSE:
1. Hypothecation of equipments/machinery/vehicle/ stock
2. Collateral: Mortgage of immovable property value of which should be minimum 50%
of the limit sanctioned.
3. Personal/Third Party Guarantee: To be obtained as per prevailing guidelines

Margin

Term Loan:
i) Up to Rs 25000/- : Nil
ii) Above Rs 25000/- up to Rs 10 lacs: 15%
iii) Above 10 lacs upto 1.00 Crore: 20%
iv) Above 1 Crore: 25%
Working Capital: 25%

Rate of Interest

Loans covered by CGTMSE - BR+0.30=10.55%

Loans not covered by CGTMSE - BR+1.30=11.55%

Insurance

The full value for the hypothecated stock/movables and fixed assets shall be insured for fire,
riot and wherever required against other appropriate hazards with bank clause

Repayment / Renewal /
Review

Working Capital:
Account to be reviewed every 12 months and renewal once in 3 years.
Term Loan:
Maximum repayment period of 7 to 10 years including moratorium period not exceeding 12
months.
Interest to be serviced during moratorium period also.
Term loan to be repaid in equated monthly instalments