10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1114
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effectiveness of Early Intervention of Coma Arousal Therapy in Traumatic Head Injury Patients
ABSTRACT
Objective: To find out efficacy and benefits of early intervention
of coma arousal therapy on coma patients after sustaining
traumatic head injury.
Materials and methods: Thirty comatose patients with
traumatic head injury were systematic randomly selected. Both
experimental group and control group were having 15 patients
each. Patients in experimental group were given coma arousal
therapy while those in control group did not receive any coma
arousal therapy. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and coma recovery
scale (CRS) were assessed before and after 1 and 2 weeks
protocol.
Results: The independent t-test was used for between the group
data analysis. Repeated measure ANOVA and post hoc paired
t-test were used in within the group analysis. Group A, mean of
GCS on 1st, 7th and 14th day of coma arousal therapy was
3.93 (1.09), 6.33 (1.04) and 8.46 (0.91) respectively and for
Group B was 3.93 (1.27), 4.80 (1.26) and 5.93 (1.94)
respectively, which showed significant improvement (p < 0.05).
Group A, mean of CRS on 1st, 7th and 14th day of coma arousal
therapy was 2.06 (1.03), 4.86 (1.24) and 9.66 (1.83)
respectively and for Group B was 2.33 (1.11), 2.93 (1.09)
and 4.73 (2.18) respectively, which showed significant
improvement (p < 0.05). When compared between the groups,
experimental group showed significant improvement.
Conclusion: This is concluded from the result of this study that
coma arousal therapy is having significant effect on GCS and
CRS in traumatic head injury patients when compared to the
patients who did not receive coma arousal therapy.
Keywords: Coma arousal therapy, Traumatic head injury,
Glasgow coma scale, Coma recovery scale, Coma.
How to cite this article: Mandeep, Kumar P. Effectiveness of
Early Intervention of Coma Arousal Therapy in Traumatic Head
Injury Patients. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(3):
137-142.
Source of support: Nil
Conflict of interest: None
INTRODUCTION
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), defined as brain damage
caused by externally inflicted trauma to the head, may result
in significant impairment of an individuals functioning
physical, cognitive and psychosocial. TBI is a significant
public health problem worldwide and is predicted to surpass
many diseases as a major cause of death and disability by
the year 2020.1 It is the most common cause of death in
trauma victims accounting for about half of deaths at the
accident site.2 TBI is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity
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Effectiveness of Early Intervention of Coma Arousal Therapy in Traumatic Head Injury Patients
in GCS between 1st day and 7th day, 7th and 14th day and
also the significant improvement between 1st and 14th day
(see Table 1 and Graph 2).
Eye response: Day 1 (1.20 0.41), day 7 (1.60 0.63), day
14 (2.13 0.91). In group A, there was a significant
improvement in eye response of GCS between 1st day and
7th day, 7th and 14th days and also the significant
improvement between 1st and 14th day of treatment (see
Table 1).
Motor response: Day 1 (2.73 1.16), day 7 (3.26 1.16),
day 14 (3.8 1.42). In group A, there was a significant
improvement in motor response of GCS between 1st day
and 7th day, 7th and 14th days and also the significant
improvement between 1st and 14th day of treatment (see
Table 1).
CRS: Day 1 (2.33 1.11), day 7 (2.93 1.09), day 14 (4.73
2.18). Statistically, there was a significant improvement
in CRS between 1st day and 7th day, 7th and 14th days and
also the significant improvement between 1st and 14th day
of treatment (see Table 1 and Graph 2).
CRSAuditory: Day 1 (0 0), day 7 (0.06 0.25), day 14
(0.33 0.61). Repeated measure ANOVA test showed
significant improvement in CRSAuditory score between
1st day and 14th day.
CRSVisual: Day 1 (0 0), day 7 (0 0), day 14 (0.33
0.61). Repeated measure ANOVA test showed significant
improvement in CRS-Visual score between 1st day and
14th day.
Group A
Mean SD
Group B
Mean + SD
t-value
Level of
significance
GCS
Day 1
Day 7
Day 14
3.93 1.09
6.33 1.04
8.46 0.91
3.93 1.27
4.8 1.26
5.93 1.94
0.000
3.617
4.565
1.000
0.001
0.001
GCS
motor
Day 1
Day 7
Day 14
1.4 0.50
2.4 0.50
3.66 0.48
1.2 0.41
1.6 0.63
2.13 0.91
1.183
3.82
5.724
0.246
0.0007
0.0001
GCS
eye
Day 1
Day 7
Day 14
2.533 0.99
3.933 0.88
4.8 0.56
2.73 1.16
3.26 1.16
3.8 1.42
0.507
1.767
2.530
0.616
0.088
0.017
CRS
Day 1
Day 7
Day 14
2.066 1.03
4.866 1.24
9.666 1.83
2.333 1.11
2.933 1.09
4.733 2.18
0.680
4.505
6.687
0.501
0.0001
0.0001
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Effectiveness of Early Intervention of Coma Arousal Therapy in Traumatic Head Injury Patients
Graphs 3A and B: (A) Comparison of GCS between groups A and B, (B) comparison of CRS between groups A and B
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Pravin Kumar
Associate Professor and Registrar-Academics, Department of
Physiotherapy, DAV Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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