Creating stems is a task film and TV composers are frequently called upon to

deal with. There are plusses and minuses to this: The good thing is that because
the director or producer and picture mixer can decide which elements to use and
how much to use of each, you may be less likely to have a cue mixed so low that it
is inaudible or dumped altogether. The bad news is your musical intent can be
totally distorted. Oh well, it comes with the territory.
How many stems? They will tell you. In a poorly budgeted project, they may only
want a stereo mix simply because they do not have the budget to pay for the
increased amount of time more stems requires the picture mixer to deal with. My
favorite scenario is to give them a stereo mix with one or two additional stems
that I have any concerns about being problematic for them when adding my
music to dialog, like a melodic instrumental solo or high percussion, like hi-hats
and shakers. Even though I am experienced and like to think I know how to do
this without competing with dialog, experience has taught me that this is safer.
However, even if you are not a media composer, mixing from stems is a great
way to go that I recommend, particularly if you are doing complex orchestral
simulation.
Heres why:
Presumably, after you have entered in all your parts you spend a fair amount of
time balancing, panning and automating within sections of the orchestra, like
your strings for example. Ditto for brass, woodwinds, percussion, and rhythm
section. If you are using a lot of different libraries to create your palette with lots
of articulations, you may have as many as two hundred tracks. Typically, I have
about sixty for this kind of work because I use a fair amount of software
instruments that have patches with multiple articulations that I choose with key
switching. As they say in internet-speak: YMMV (your mileage may vary.) As you

no doubt know, mixing all this is the black hole of time. But let us say you are
now at the stage where everything is in the ball park.
Now you are ready to fine tune your intricate masterpiece and maybe add more
plug-ins. In my case, I use a lot of UAD plug-ins that I wait to add at the final
mix stage because they are latency-inducing. Adding these can play havoc with
my balances between the sections. Maybe I am content to put the same plug-ins
on a whole orchestra section, like an EQ or a compressor or, in my case, the
new UAD Studer A-800, which I have fallen in love with.
Either way, wouldnt it be easier to do your final mixing and automating with
five aux tracks instead of perhaps sixty software instrument tracks? In the words
of a prominent female political figure: You betcha.

Pic 1. Here you can see the woodwind instruments I am composing for in this
piece.

Step 1 - Reassign the Output

Now I want to send them all to a bus which will be hosted by an Aux channel
strip. This is really easy to do as Logic Pro 9 will do most of the work for us.

In Pic. 2, you can see that with all the woodwind software instruments selected, I
navigate to the output assignment rectangle and change it from Stereo Output to
a Bus, in this example, Bus 10.

Pic 2. The
Mixer

In Pic. 3, notice that Logic Pro 9 created an Aux with Bus 10 as its input which I
subsequently renamed and colored. Now I can make my woodwinds louder and
softer, automate the woodwinds mix, insert plug-ins, etc. to make it work in the
overall mix, all with this one aux, without disrupting my previous work.

Pic 3. The Winds and Output channel strips

Step 2 - Repeat the Process for the Other Sections of the

Orchestra
Following the same procedure, I create Auxes assigned to ascending bus inputs
for my brass, strings, percussion, and rhythm sections (see Pic. 4).

Pic 4. Repeating the process

This is fantastic! I can now hide all the other tracks in my Arrange window if I
like and only work with these five aux tracks to fine-tune my mix (as you can see
in Pic. 5).

Pic 5. Aux tracks in the Arrange area

But I want to create audio stems noweven if I do not have to deliver them. To
do this I can save my project under another version number and get rid of all the
software instruments and any FX plug-ins that may be on them. This frees up my
CPU power for any CPU-intensive mix plug-ins I want to use, allows me to raise
my audio buffer for more CPU power without caring about the latency (that
would have bothered me while playing the software instruments) and, if I am
using a slave computer, it will no longer be in the picture. When I am doing my
final mix, the fewer things I need to think about the better I do.

Step 3 - Create Audio Tracks for the Stems

Once again, Logic Pro 9 makes this so easy: All I need to do is click the plus sign
at the top of the Track List and tell Logic to create five stereo audio tracks with
ascending inputs, record enabled, as you can see in Pic. 6.

Pic 6. Audio
tracks for each stem

Step 4 - Record the Stems

After adjusting the projects length to the proper amount of bars (or drawing in a
cycle), press record and now you have five stems. At this point, if it is going to a
mix engineer you can simply send them to him or her or, if you are the mix
engineer, start mixing. If this is a film or TV project you now will have the length
of project stems that they may require.