Interview Complete Package

Interview Complete Package By Vivaan Sharma (vibhor)
#Target Interview : Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team
Prepared by: Vivaan Sharma (Vibhor)

Thanks to
Admin: Singh Bhupi
:Pavan Meena
1) NET NEUTRALITY
2) GST
3) OPERATION RAHAT - YEMEN CRISIS
4) FOREIGN TRADE POLICY 2015-20
5) MUDRA BANK
6) Land Acquisition Bill
7) Make In India
8) PRADHAN MANTRI JAN DHAN YOJANA (PMJDY)
9) ISIS
10) NITI Aayog
11) IndoBangladesh Land Boundary Agreement
12) National Judicial Appointments Commission
13) AFSPA
14) The Recent Kejriwal-LG-Centre Tussle
15) Nepal Earthquake
16) Black Money Bill
17) Naxalism
18) ONE RANK- ONE PANSION SCHEME
19) FDI
20) New CVC CIC
21) Digital India
22) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
23) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
24) Make in India
25) Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
26) Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana

27) Pradhan Mantri Jeevan jyoti Yojana
28) Atal Pension Yojana
29) Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Scheme
30) PAHAL
31) Sukanya Samriddhi Account
32) Adarsh Gram Yajana
33) Clean India (Swachh Bharat)
34) Nobel Prize (kailash Satyarthi)
35) Black Money
36) New Cabinet Ministers(their names)
37) Smart Cities
38) Mangalyaan (MOM)
39)GLOBAL WARMING
40)New Books & Authors
41) SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation)

42) BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa)
43) ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations)
44) OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
45) NAM (Non-Aligned Movement)
46) NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
47) Commonwealth Nations
48) G15
49) G24
50) G77
51) European Union
52)G20
53) G8
By Pavan Meena
54) Banning Beef Is it justified?
55) WHAT WE GET FROM MODI FOREGIN TRIP...
56) IIT MADRAS CONTROVERSY....

57) CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY....(CSR)
58) Operation Maitri
59) TEESTA CONFLICT.....BETWEEN INDIA AND BANGLADESH
By Nitin Pancholi
60) P.M. Modis Bangladesh Visit.

Interview is all about Personality, Confidence and Knowledge.
Questions asked from 4 parts
1. Personal (Academics, Experience, Extra-Curricular activities, Hobby)
2. General knowledge (Awareness of the present happenings and events)
3. Graduation Subjects (Basics Of Graduation )
4. General Subjects (Constitution, History, Geography, Physics, Chemistry etc.)
1. Download "BioData Form". abhi se check karlo ki kaise bharna hai.
2. Choose your "Hobby". You should be well-versed in it. (agar aap bta na paye, to wo
aapko marega nahi, wo aapki keh ke lega)
So You should know each and every term of your Hobby.
3. General Knowledge ki aap tension mat lo, hum Last 6 months ki PDFs group me post
krenge. Aap bas ek bar padh lena... Ussey bahar kuch nhi puchega GK se.
4. Graduation Subjects- hume pta hai aapko graduation kre time ho gaya, aap sab
bhool chuke ho. But aapko basics hi to padhna hai, aur ye to aapko padhna hi padega.
(Agar nahi padha to samjho aap apne paero par khud kulhadi maar rahe hai)
Note: B.Tech CS/IT aur MCA wale tension mat lijiye, hum aapko PDF available kara
denge. Ek baar usey padh lena bus.
5. General Subjects:- ye hum sabki lanka laga deta hai. Agar interviewer Political
Science ka professor hai, to wo aapse sirf Constitution hi puchega. Agar Physics ka hai,
to wo aapse tab tak Physics puchega, jab tak aapko school wale physics teacher yaad
nahi aate . History, geography ki to baat hi chhod dijiye... Fir bhi ek baar revision kar
lijiye better rahega..
Marks in the interview may go up to 80 or even more; and as low as 25 or even further
down.
Agar aapne Personal, GK, Graduation Subjects achhe se padh liye... to aap 65+ easily
score kar sakte hai... aur aapne GS bhi padh li to aap 70+ score kar sakte hai...
All The Best Dosto !!
Team Target Interview !!
TOPIC1: NET NEUTRALITY IN ENGLISH

Whats Net neutrality?
It is the principle that all traffic on the Internet must be treated equally by Internet
service providers. Those advocating Net neutrality believe all bits of data are equal,
and, therefore, should not be discriminated on the basis of content, site or user. This
has largely been the default mode since Internet started.
Why has there been so much of noise about Net neutrality in recent months?
First, Indias top telecom company Bharti Airtel, towards the end of last year, decided to
charge subscribers extra for use of apps such as Skype and Viber. These apps
compete with the voice and messaging services of telecom providers, and are even
cheaper. There was uproar, after which Airtel stayed its decision, saying it would wait
for regulator Telecom Regulatory Authority of Indias (TRAI) Consultation Paper on
Regulatory Framework for Over-the-top (OTT) services.
Then, Facebook brought to India internet.org, a pre-selected bouquet of Web sites
offered free to subscribers of Reliance Communications. There was not much
controversy then.
The buzz became really big after TRAI put out a 118-page consultation paper asking
the public for its opinion on 20 questions, most of them about how the Internet can be
regulated. Views were also sought on Net neutrality.
By evening of Tuesday, over 4.2 lakh mails had been sent in support of Net neutrality
through the savetheinternet.in Web site. Political parties such as the Congress, political
leaders such as Arvind Kejriwal and celebrities such as Shah Rukh Khan joined the
bandwagon, as has the comedy group All India Bakchod through a video. All of them
argue why the Internet should not be touched. TRAI will be open to taking comments till
April 24, and counter comments by May 8. In between all this, Airtel last week launched
Airtel Zero, which is a free offering of a slew of apps that sign up with the telecom
provider. On Tuesday, Flipkart pulled out of the platform after initially agreeing to be on
it, saying it was committed to Net neutrality.
Who benefits from Net neutrality? How?
Every Internet user. Think through how you would like to browse the Internet. Wouldnt
you like to access the Web without worrying about how differently videos will be
charged compared to other forms of content? Wouldnt you like to access the Web
without the telecom service provider getting to serve some sites faster than others? If
yes for both, you are pro-Net neutrality.
New ventures benefit too. In fact, one of the key reasons for start-ups to have come up
in a big way in recent decades is the openness of the Internet. The Internet has reduced
transaction costs and levelled the playing field.

A start-up can come up with an app today, and can immediately attract a global
audience. The likes of Googles and Facebooks could have struggled to grow if the
Internet had not been open.
Then, why do we need to think about regulating the Internet?
Essentially because the telecom companies do not like the way the apps are riding on
their networks for free. The companies complain that voice-calling and messaging apps
are cannibalising on their business. On top of all this, it is they who have to invest
billions in getting access to spectrum and build networks as also adhere to regulations.
So, absence of Net neutrality will benefit telecom companies?
It could make them a gatekeeper to a valuable resource, a role that supporters of Net
neutrality feel will be misused to create winners and losers. They could charge
companies a premium for access to users.
It would not be a telecom companies versus internet players issue, as could be
mistakenly perceived. For, the absence of Net neutrality could also benefit established
Internet companies who are flush with money. They could nip challengers in the bud
with vastly higher payoffs to telecom companies.
Is this an issue in India alone?
No. The Federal Communications Commission just recently voted for what is seen as
strong Net neutrality rules. This is to ensure Internet service providers neither block,
throttle traffic nor give access priority for money. Europe is trying to correct a 2013
proposal for Net neutrality, in which privileged access was allowed to specialised
services. This was vague and threatened Net neutrality. Chile last year banned zerorated schemes, those where access to social media is given free to telecom
subscribers.
TOPIC1: NET NEUTRALITY IN HINDI

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TOPIC 2: GST IN ENGLISH
The Goods and Service Tax Bill or GST Bill, officially known as The Constitution (122nd
Amendment) Bill, 2014, would be a Value added Tax (VAT) to be implemented inIndia,
from April 2016.
First of all what is GST?
GST stands for Goods and Services Tax, and is proposed to be a comprehensive
indirect tax levy on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods as well as services at
the national level. It will replace all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the
Indian Central and State governments. It is aimed at being comprehensive for most
goods and services.
Think of it as a super-all-inclusive tax, which will eliminate most other Indirect taxes. Its
aim is to standardise taxation across the country and remove cascading effect of taxes
i.e. Tax on tax egs: VAT is charged on Excise too. It is expected to increase ease of
doing business in India greatly.

GST is already in place in over 160 countries world wide, so India is late to the party.
Experts say, GST could increase GDP by 1-2% and reduce costs of inputs by around
10%.
there are some taxes which will continue like: Basic Customs Duty, Road Tax, Property
Tax etc. The main contention of many GST nay-sayers is the fact that taxes Alcohol,
Petroleum and Tobacco will be kept out ofGST. They argue that this
makes GST imperfect and such an imperfect system could be worse than the current
system.
Yes, GST directly affects a states power to earn revenue (thus being an attack on
federal structure). Hence many states for the longest time were anti GST. It took some
hard bargaining to convince states to come underGST, and keeping products like
petroleum out of GST was part of this deal. States will still have an avenue to earn
some tax revenue via these products. So again its a trade-off, do you want to wait for
the Ideal GST or get on with a near perfect GST and tinker it later.
A wide spread bogey raised is the rumoured GST rate of 27%. Firstly, this only a rate
recommended by a panel set up by states. NIPFP, has recommended a rate in the band
of 12-20%, 13th Finance Commission Task Force has said it should be around 12%,
Kelkar committee has said it should be around 14%.
The GST rates in India are expected to be 12% to 20% for the 1st year, 12% to 18% for
the 2nd year and 16% for the 3rd Year and onwards
Most importantly, Finance Minister himself has said 27% is way too high, and that the
rate will be The GST rate will be much more diluted. He also mentioned the 13th
Finance Commissions recommendation of 18% as a possible rate of GST. As of now it
is fair to say, the rate will definitely not be as high as 27%, and it is too early to
conclusively claim the rate will be so-and-so.
Country Rate of GST
Australia 10%
France 19.6%
Canada 5%
Germany 19%
Japan 5%
Singapore 7%
Sweden 25%
New Zealand 15%
Pakistan 18%
Malaysia 6%
Denmark 25%
TOPIC 2: GST IN HINDI
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TOPIC 3: OPERATION RAHAT - YEMEN CRISIS

What is Operation Rahat?
The operation undertaken by the Indian Government to
evacuate Indian Citizens stranded in Yemen.
Rahat- The word means Relief or Alleviation
Operational Efficiency Operation Rahat was very successful and has evacuated more than 5600 people from
the conflict torn country. Both Indians and Foreign nationals belonging to nearly 41
countries were rescued by India in the course of the operation.
Who were involved in the rescue operation?
Along with the Defence personnel, General VK Singh, Minister of state - External Affairs
and former chief of the army staff along with 5 MEA officials were deputed to Sana'a
(Yemens capital) and Djibouti to take on the spot decisions and oversee evacuations.
General VK Singh was stationed in Djibouti since March 31. He flew into Sana'a twice
for a ground assessment and personal supervision of evacuation operations.
What were the operational limitations of Rahat?
Trying conditions and hostilities such as navigating around Saudi Arabian air strikes and
negotiating clearances, Houthi firepower, and even al-Qaeda fighters in several areas
were primary obstructions.
The command center of the Operation was based out of Djibouti, which was a third
party to the operation where Gen. V.K. Singh was stationed. This is testimony to
exemplary diplomatic efforts and goodwill enjoyed by India in the region.
Why was the operation successful?
The Indian armed forces and government command experiences spanning over two
decades in overseas hostage rescue, rehabilitation, and foreign evacuations. Since the
first Gulf War, where many lessons were learned in dealing with mass evacuations from
the region, India has honed its skills remarkably well on how to respond in a crisis
situation such as this, and how to safeguard its citizens from a fast-deteriorating conflict
zone.
What is the crisis in Yemen?
The war in Yemen cuts across religious, geographical, ethnic lines. The Hadi
government machinery is struggling to retain power. The Houti militia is striving to gain
further control and influence. The AQAP is concentrating on further acts of violence.
The US and regional coalitions have been intervening with drone and air strikes to
contain the crisis. The ISIS is also reported to have set up shop in Yemen. Religious

differences occur on count of Shia-Sunni conflicts, ethnic conflicts arise out of unwilling
unification of Yemen, and geographical differences exist due to power ambitions.
TOPIC 4: FOREIGN TRADE POLICY 2015-20
The Foreign Trade Policy, 2015-20 ('FTP) was announced by the Honble Minister of
Commerce and Industry, Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman on April 1, 2015. The FTP has been
announced in the backdrop of several measures initiated by the Government of India
such as 'Make in India, 'Digital India and 'Skills India, among others.
Objectives:
The FTP has been introduced,
to double Indias share in world trade by the year 2020.
to rationalize the general provisions regarding imports and exports and also, various
promotional measures offered by the Commerce Ministry
to offer a mechanism for resolving quality complaints and trade disputes.
Key Highlights of the FTP
FTP is to be aligned with Make in India, Digital India & Skills India initiatives.
It has been outlined that higher level of support for export of defence, farm produce and
eco-friendly products would be provided.
The benefits of the erstwhile FTP have now been consolidated into two new schemes
for export of merchandise and services, i.e., Merchandise Export from India Scheme
(MEIS) and Service Export from India Scheme (SEIS).
MEIS
o Objective of MEIS is to offset infrastructural inefficiencies and associated costs
involved in export of goods, which are produced/manufactured in India, especially those
having high export intensity, employment potential and thereby enhancing Indias export
competitiveness.
SEIS
o SEIS is made available to Service Providers located in India as against the existing
Served Form India Scheme available to Indian Service Providers.
o Objective of SEIS is to encourage export of notified Services from India.
The benefit of MEIS and SEIS has been extended to units located in Special Economic
Zones This step is imperative to boost the SEZ sector.
Boost to "MAKE IN INDIA"
o FTP has reduced Export Obligation5 (EO) for domestic procurement in order to
promote domestic capital goods manufacturing industry.
o There are higher level of rewards under MEIS for export items with high domestic
content and value addition.
TOPIC 5: MUDRA BANK

MUDRA, Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency launched by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi, would be responsible for developing and refinancing through a Pradhan
Mantri MUDRA Yojana, all Micro-finance Institutions (MFIs) which are in the business of
lending to micro / small business entities engaged in manufacturing, trading and service
activities. MUDRA would also partner with State/Regional level coordinators to provide
finance to Last Mile Financiers of small/micro business enterprises. Further, the
approach goes beyond credit only approach and offers a credit plus solution7 for
these enterprises spread across the country.
The roles envisaged for MUDRA would include:
Laying down policy guidelines for micro enterprise financing business.
Registration of MFI entities.
Rating of MFI entities.
Laying down responsible financing practices to ward off over indebtedness and ensure
proper client protection principles and methods of recovery.
Promoting right technology solutions for the last mile.
Formulating and running a Credit Guarantee scheme for providing guarantees to the
loans which are being extended to micro enterprises.
Support development & promotional activities in the sector.
What exactly is MUDRA?
As announced in the Budget, the MUDRA institution has been initially set up as an
NBFC (Non-Banking Financial Company) and as a subsidiary of SIDBI (Small Industries
Development Bank of India). Later, it will take the shape of a full-fledged institution to be
set up under legislation. It will work as a refinance8 and credit guarantee organization
and also as a regulator of micro financial institutions.
Why do we need MUDRA bank?
According to the NSSO Survey of 2013, there are approximately 5.77 crore small
business units, mostly individual proprietorship, which run manufacturing, trading or
services activities. These encompass myriad of small manufacturing units,
shopkeepers, fruits / vegetable vendors, truck & taxi operators, food-service units, repair
shops, machine operators, small industries, artisans, food processors, street vendors
and many others. Most of these 'own account enterprises (OAE) are owned by people
belonging to Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe or Other Backward Classes. The
biggest bottleneck in the growth of entrepreneurship in this sector is the lack of financial
support. A vast part of the non-corporate sector operates as unregistered enterprises
and formal or institutional architecture has not been able to reach out to meet its
financial requirements. Providing access to institutional finance to such micro/small
business units/enterprises will not only help in improving the quality of life of these
entrepreneurs but also turn them into strong instruments of GDP growth and
employment generation.
Since the enactment for MUDRA is likely to take some time, it is proposed to initiate
MUDRA as a unit of SIDBI to benefit from SIDBIs initiatives and expertise.

Products and Offerings:
The primary product of MUDRA will be refinance for lending to micro businesses / units
under the aegis of the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana. The initial products and
schemes under this umbrella have been named 'Shishu, 'Kishor and 'Tarun to signify
the stage of growth and funding needs of the beneficiary micro unit / entrepreneur as
also provide a reference point for the next phase of growth for the entrepreneur to
aspire for:
Shishu: covering loans upto Rs. 50,000/Kishor: covering loans above Rs. 50,000/- and upto Rs. 5 lakh
Tarun: covering loans above Rs. 5 lakh and upto Rs. 10 lakh
Who benefits from MUDRA?
Businesses/entrepreneurs/units covered would include proprietorship/partnership firms
running as small manufacturing units, shopkeepers, fruits/vegetable sellers, hair cutting
saloon, beauty parlours, transporters, truck operators, hawkers, co-operatives or body
of individuals, food service units, repair shops, machine operators, small industries,
artisans, food processors, self help groups, professionals and service providers etc. in
rural and urban areas with financing requirements upto Rs.10 lakh.
TOPIC 6: Land Acquisition Bill
Land acquisition and compensation is always a highly contentious and emotional issue
between the landowner and the acquiring authority.
Land acquisition is defined as the forcible acquisition of land from an unwilling seller and
is different from purchase by a willing seller.
As 60% of the population depends on agriculture so land is supposed to be the precious
natural gift to the people of this nation. But in recent period cases of public unrest at
many places such as Singur (West Bengal), Yamuna expressway, Noida (Uttar
Pradesh) has aggravated the problem related to the land acquisition.
The Land Acquisition bill 2013 is considered to be the part of the restructuring of more
than a century old weak, ineffective and draconian land acquisition bill of 1894.
This new land acquisition bill has been enacted to make a sharp relationship between
the need for facilitation public works, infrastructure development and rapid
industrialization and to address the worries of owners, peasants and those who are
dependent on the acquired land for livelihood.
Main proposals of this new bill are suppose to have revolutionary features. These are:
Award of compensation not less than twice market value for urban area and four times
market value for rural areas. Requirement of consent of minimum 80% of project

affected families, maximum provision of 5% acquisition of multi cropped, irrigated land.
In the bill, there are certain provisions related to rehabilitation and resettlement of the
dependent people.
This bill is considered as one of the important step towards empowerment of the rights
of citizen and it presents a rosy picture where landowners of rural and urban area are
going to have a huge advantage. But as we know every coin has two sides. So like
other bills, this also has some flaws.
As land acquisition has been made difficult through the bill, it is going to reduce the rate
of urbanization and add to the already high costs in urban areas.
The bill fails to address a number of anomalies regarding land acquisition that are found
in rural areas due to illiteracy, presence of exploiting middlemen etc.
This bill does not have a provision for rehabilitation as well as consent of the owner in
case of acquisition by the PSU's.
This bill has provision for compensation and rehabilitation according to the availability of
resources like land for land will be given alternate landmass if available, otherwise
monetary benefits will be given. This provision of the bill does not conform to the
provisions of constitution under article 14 which states "Right to Equality".
This bill has evoked a mixed response from the countrymen. Everyone is keen to know
the outcome whether this bill can be said as a buyer's bill in spite of so many hopes in
disguise for the common man.
Well the true meaning of this bill can be achieved when the land owners and farmers
are adequately compensated and rehabilitated.
This alone will fulfill the objective of a welfare nation.
Land acquisition in India is governed by The Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013,
(RFCTLARR Act) which came into force from 1 January 2014. Till 2013, land
acquisition in India was governed by Land Acquisition Act of 1894. On 31 December
2014, the new government in India passed an ordinance with an official mandate to
"meet the twin objectives of farmer welfare; along with expeditiously meeting the
strategic and developmental needs of the country". The government passed Land
Acquisition Amendment Bill in Lok Sabha on 10 March 2015.
After the Modi government took over in May 2014, it decided to make some
amendments in the Bill which have become a bone of contention. According PRS
Legislative Research these are:
1. Excluded Acts brought under the RFCTLARR Act: According to the Act 2013, 13 Acts
were excluded from the RFCTLARR Act but with the new ordinance they are now

brought under its purview. Thus, it brings the compensation, rehabilitation and
resettlement provisions of these 13 laws in consonance with the Act.
2. Removal of consent clause in five areas: The ordinance removes the consent clause
for acquiring land for five areas - industrial corridors, public private partnership projects,
rural infrastructure, affordable housing and defence.
The ordinance also exempts projects in these five areas from Social Impact
Assessment and acquisition of irrigated multi-cropped land and other agricultural land,
which earlier could not be acquired beyond a certain limit.
3. Return of unutilised land: According to the Act 2013, if the land remains unutilised for
five years, then it needs to be returned to the owner. But according to the ordinance the
period after which unutilised land needs to be returned will be five years, or any period
specified at the time of setting up the project, whichever is later.
4. Time frame: The ordinance states that if the possession of acquired land under Act
1984 is not taken for reasons, then the new law will be applied.
5. Word 'private company' replaced with 'private entity': While the Act 2013 stated that
the land can be acquired for private companies, the ordinance replaced it with private
entity. A private entity is an entity other than a government entity, and could include a
proprietorship, partnership, company, corporation, non-profit organisation, or other
entity under any other law.
6. Offence by government officials: If an offence is committed by a government official
or the head of the department, then s/he cannot be prosecuted without the prior
sanction of the government.
Topic 7. Make In India

Purpose- 1. Job Creation and economic development and to give the Indian economy
global recognition. 2.To turn the country into a Manufacturing Hub
To attract businesses from around the world to invest and manufacture in India
8 members expert panel set up jointly by Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion
and FICCI.
Invites to be sent to 30000 top firms
Portal www.makeinindia.com created for companies seek policy clearification within 72
hours.
The portal will track visitors for their geographical location, interest & real time user
behavior. Digital India Campaign(online application for industrial license) to give push to
manufacturing
To provide flexibility in working hours, labour laws amended.
25 identified sectors including Automobile,Infrastructure, Pharma, Food processing,IT,

Defence, Entertainment, Railways, Electronic Systems, Roads and Highways,
Chemical.
10% capital subsidiary for production of equipment for controlling pollution, reducing
energy consumption, water conservation.
Responses
In January 2015, the Spice Group said it would start a mobile phone manufacturing unit
in Uttar Pradesh with an investment of 500 crore. A memorandum of understanding
was signed between the Spice Group and the Government of Uttar Pradesh.
In January 2015, HyunChil Hong, the President & CEO of Samsung South West Asia,
met with Kalraj Mishra, Union Minister for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
(MSME), to discuss a joint initiative under which 10 "MSME-Samsung Technical
Schools" will established in India.
In February, Samsung said that will manufacture the Samsung Z1 in its plant in Noida.
In February 2015, Hitachi said it was committed to the initiative. It said that it would
increase its employees in India from 10,000 to 13,000 . It said that an auto-component
plant will be set up in Chennai in 2016.
In February 2015, Huawei opened a new research and development (R&D) campus in
Bengaluru. It had invested US$170 million to establish the research and development
center.
In April 2015, Airbus said that it will manufacture its products in India and invest $ 2
Billion US dollars.
Also in February, Marine Products Export Development Authority said that it was
interested in supplying shrimp eggs to shrimp farmers in India under the initiative.
In May, 2015 Tata JLR (Jaguar Land-Rover) announced that it will move its production
of the Land Rover Defender to its Pune facility in India in 2016.
Shiv Kumar Rungta, president, FTAPCCI, stressed on key sectors like services (mainly
in IT), mechanization of Agriculture sector for achieving increased productivity, among
others, for the success of Make in India.
Films to be part of Make in India.
TOPIC 8: PRADHAN MANTRI JAN DHAN YOJANA (PMJDY)

As many as 11.5 crore bank accounts have been opened under the Pradhan Mantri Jan
Dhan Yojana , exceeding the enhanced target of 10 crore and covering 99.74 per cent
of households, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said.
"Most of India today is included in the banking system," he said, adding that more than
Rs 9,000 crore has been deposited in the Jan Dhan accounts.
29 7.5
15 2015

The opening of 1.8 crore accounts under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
(PMJDY) in a week has been recognised by the Guinness World Records.
26 2015
10 |
Those who open accounts by January 20, 2015 over and above the 1 lakh accident,
they will be given life insurance cover of Rs 30,000.
After Six months of opening of the bank account, holders can avail 5,000 loan from
the bank.

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1lakh
10000 ,
TOPIC 9: ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL ), also ranslated as the Islamic State of
Iraq and Syria (ISIS), self-proclaimed as the Islamic State(IS), is a Sunni, extremist,
jihadist rebel group controlling territory in Iraq and Syria.
It was previously known as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic State
of Iraq.
It has been designated as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, the European
Union, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, Turkey, Saudi Arabia,
Indonesia, the UAE and Israel.
FUND: In Syria, they've built up something like a mini-state: collecting the equivalent of
taxes, selling electricity, and exporting oil to fund its militant activities.ISIS funds itself
through oil and an extortion racket.
OBJECTIVE/GOAL
The ISIS's objective is the establishment of a world wide Caliphate, images of the world
united under a ISIS banner. Although it has perpetrated many terrorist acts since its
formation in 2006, especially against Shia and Christian civilians, ISI/ISIS/ISIL has been
especially active in late 2102 and 2013, claiming responsibility for killing and wounding
hundreds of people through suicide bombings. It's principal targets are U.S. military and
Shia and Christian civilians.
HISTORY
The group originated as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999, becoming Al-Qaeda in
Iraq (AQI) in 2004. In 2006, AQI joined other Sunni insurgent groups to form the
Mujahideen Shura Council, which consolidated further into the Islamic State of Iraq
(ISI).
In April 2013, the group changed its name to ISIL. It grew significantly under the
leadership ofAbu Bakr al-Baghdadi, who was subsequently criticized by al-Zawahri.
The group's original aim was to establish an Islamic state in Sunni-majority regions of
Iraq. Following its involvement in the Syrian Civil War, this expanded to include
controlling Sunni-majority areas of Syria
As caliphate it claims religious authority over all Muslims worldwide, and aims to bring
most traditionally Muslim-inhabited regions of the world under its legislative control,[36]
beginning with the Levant region, which approximately covers Syria, Jordan, Israel,
Palestine, Lebanon, Cyprus, and part of southern Turkey.
US ACTION: The United States announced a comprehensive strategy for destroying
ISIS in both Iraq and Syria. The campaign centers an expanded air war against ISIS in
both countries and the provision of arms and training to local allies on the ground the
Iraqi army, the Kurdish peshmerga, and "moderate" Syrian rebels.
"Three sources close to ISIS have confirmed that Baghdadi's wounds could mean he
will never again lead the organisation," the British newspaper said. al-Baghdadi was
injured in March 2015 in a US-led coalition air attack on the jihadists. ISIS is now being
led by a long-term senior official, Abu Alaa al-Afri.

TOPIC 10: NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India Aayog) is a policy think-tank of
government that replaces Planning Commission and aims to involve the states in
economic policy-making in India. It will be providing strategic and technical advice to the
central and the state governments. Prime Minister of India heads the Aayog as its
chairperson.
1. Chairperson: Prime Minister Narendra Modi
2. Vice Chairperson: Arvind Panagariya
3. Ex-Officio Members: Rajnath Singh, Arun Jaitley, Suresh Prabhu and Radha Mohan
Singh
4. Special Invitees: Nitin Gadkari, Smriti Zubin Irani and Thawar Chand Gehlot
5. Full-time Members: Bibek Debroy & V. K. Saraswat
6. Governing Council: All Chief Ministers and Lieutenant Governors of Union Territories
7. CEO: Sindhushree Khullar
Difference between NITI Aayog and Planning Commission
Financial clout
NITI Aayog - To be an advisory body, or a think-tank. The powers to allocate funds
might be vested in the finance ministry. Planning Commission - Enjoyed the powers to
allocate funds to ministries and state governments
Full-time members
NITI Aayog - The number of full-time members could be fewer than Planning
Commission Planning Commission - The last Commission had eight full-time members
States' role
NITI Aayog - Includes the Chief Ministers of all States and the Lieutenant Governors of
all Union territories in its Governing Council, devolving more power to the States of the
Union. Planning Commission - States' role was limited to the National Development
Council and annual interaction during Plan meetings
Member secretary
NITI Aayog - To be known as the CEO and to be appointed by the prime minister
Planning Commission - Secretaries or member secretaries were appointed through the
usual process
Part-time members
NITI Aayog - To have a number of part-time members, depending on the need from
time to time Planning Commission - Full Planning Commission had no provision for parttime members
Constitution
Niti Aayog - Governing Council has state chief ministers and lieutenant governors.
Planning Commission- The commission reported to National Development Council that
had state chief ministers and lieutenant governors.
Organization
Niti Aayog - New posts of CEO, of secretary rank, and Vice-Chairperson. Will also have

five full-time members and two part-time members. Four cabinet ministers will serve as
ex-officio members. Planning Commission - Had deputy chairperson, a member
secretary and full-time members.
Participation
Niti Aayog- Consulting states while making policy and deciding on funds allocation.
Final policy would be a result of that. Planning Commission- Policy was formed by the
commission and states were then consulted about allocation of funds.
Allocation
Niti Aayog- No power to allocate funds Planning Commission- Had power to decide
allocation of government funds for various programmes at national and state levels.
Nature
Niti Aayog- NITI is a think-tank and does not have the power to impose policies.
Planning Commission- Imposed policies on states and tied allocation of funds with
projects it approved.
TOPIC 11: IndoBangladesh Land Boundary Agreement

What is the Land Boundary Agreement (LBA)?
The LBA refers to demarcated land boundaries in accordance with the IndiaBangladesh agreement signed on May 16, 1974. These demarcated boundaries exist
in the form enclaves in India and Bangladesh. India possesses 106 enclaves of territory
in Bangladesh while Bangladesh has 92 enclaves in India. Thus, both countries occupy
land in the other country.
What is an enclave?
An enclave is any portion of a state that is totally surrounded by the territory of another
state . In case of India, they are spread out in the areas of Assam, West Bengal, Tripura
and Meghalaya. Out of these enclaves, there are also 24 counter-enclaves (an enclave
within an enclave) thus making the whole structure extremely complex!
Why was LBA required?
The Bangladeshi and Indian enclaves are located deep inside their respective countries
resulting in a strong incidence on their administration. Also, since the sovereign country
has no real control over its respective enclave, their inhabitants lead a miserable life as
they are basically stateless and denied access to basic infrastructure due to their
peculiar geographical positioning.
What do you think?
The Land Boundary Agreement Bill seeks to address this problem through swapping
land (enclaves) between the two countries and redrawing the complex border. However,
the exchange of land between the two countries is a mere legal formality as they are
already in possession of the respective land which is meant to be transferred.
Brief historical context of the LBA
A similar proposition to swap enclaves was made in 1974 under the Indira-Mujib
Agreement and was cleared by Bangladeshs Parliament; however, it could not
materialize owing to the internal politics of India at the time. After 1974, this issue is
being addressed by the Modi government which has met with strong opposition from
regional parties such as Trinamool Congress and the Asom Gana Parishad. The BJP
government itself had opposed the ratification of the Indira-Mujib Agreement under the
Manmohan Singh government in 2011. However, the BJP stance has changed with
Narendra Modi,who managed to achieve a consensus in his party, at its helm. He had
assured his Bangladeshi counterpart Sheikh Hasina of a positive course of action last
year in New York and has honoured his word.

Why the clearance of the 119th Constitutional Amendment Bill ratifying the LBA is a
positive step
It will give a tremendous boost to bilateral relations with Bangladesh. The decision will
have a positive outcome on Indias image as a neighbour as well as on the people
residing in the enclaves, which in the absence of law enforcing agencies had become a
haven for criminal elements. Also, Mr. Modi has set a great precedent prior to his visit to
China, demonstrating that the problem of Sino-Indian border can be resolved in a
similar fashion.
TOPIC 12:National Judicial Appointments Commission

National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) is a body responsible for the
appointment and transfer of judges to the higher judiciary in India.
The Commission is established by amending the Constitution of India through the
ninety-ninth constitution amendment vide the Constitution (Ninety-Ninth Amendment)
Act, 2014 passed by the Lok Sabha on 13 August 2014 and by the Rajya Sabha on 14
August 2014.
The NJAC replaced the collegium system for the appointment of judges as mandated in
the existing pre-amended constitution by a new system. Along with the Constitution
Amendment Act, the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014, was also
passed by the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha to regulate the functions of the National
Judicial Appointments Commission.
The NJAC Bill and the Constitutional Amendment Bill, was ratified by 16 of the state
legislatures in India, and subsequently assented by the President of India on 31
December 2014. The NJAC Act and the Constitutional Amendment Act came into force
from 13 April 2015..
Composition
As per the amended provisions of the constitution, the Commission will consist of the
following persons:
Chief Justice of India (Chairperson, ex officio)
Two other senior judges of the Supreme Court next to the Chief Justice of India - ex
officio
The Union Minister of Law and Justice, ex-officio
Two eminent persons (to be nominated by a committee consisting of the Chief Justice
of India, Prime Minister of India and the Leader of opposition in the Lok Sabha or where
there is no such Leader of Opposition, then, the Leader of single largest Opposition
Party in Lok Sabha), provided that of the two eminent persons, one person would be
from the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes or OBC or minority communities or a
woman. The eminent persons shall be nominated for a period of three years and shall
not be eligible for re-nomination.
Functions of the Commission

As per the amended constitution, the functions of the Commission include the following:
Recommending persons for appointment as Chief Justice of India, Judges of the
Supreme Court, Chief Justices of High Courts and other Judges of High Courts.
Recommending transfer of Chief Justices and other Judges of High Courts from one
High Court to any other High Court.
Ensuring that the persons recommended are of ability, merit and other criteria
mentioned in the regulations related to the act.
Procedures to be followed by the Commission
The National Judicial Appointments Commission Bill, 2014, has laid down the following
procedures for the selection of the Judges of the higher judiciary.
Procedure for Selection of Supreme Court judges:
Chief Justice of India
The Commission shall recommend the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court for
appointment as Chief Justice of India. This is provided he/she is considered fit to hold
the office.However, this must be according to the knowledge one possess rather than
the age.
Supreme Court Judges
The Commission shall recommend names of persons on the basis of their ability, merit
and other criteria specified in the regulations.
The Commission shall not recommend a person for appointment if any two of its
members do not agree to such recommendation.
Procedure for Selection of High Courts judges:
Chief Justices of High Courts
The Commission shall recommend a Judge of a High Court to be the Chief Justice of a
High Court on the basis of seniority across High Court judges. The ability, merit and
other criteria of suitability as specified in the regulations would also be considered.
Appointment of other High Court Judges
The Commission shall seek nominations from Chief Justice of the concerned High Court
for appointments of High Court Judges and then forward such names to the Chief
Justice of the concerned High Courts for his/her views. In both cases, the Chief Justice
of the High Court shall consult two senior most judges of that High Court and any other
judges and advocates as specified in the regulations. The Commission shall elicit the
views of the Governor and Chief Minister of the state before making recommendations.
The Commission shall not recommend a person for appointment if any two members of
the Commission do not agree to such recommendation.
TOPIC 13: AFSPA [Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958]

Tripura government today lifted Armed Forces Special Powers Act, (AFSPA) from the
state with immediate effect. The controversial law was in effect in the state for last 18
years. Chief minister Manik Sarkar, who is also the home minister of the state said while
revoking the law emphasised that as the insurgency problem has largely been
contained, so there is no need of the act.
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TOPIC 14:
Everything You Need To Know About The Recent Kejriwal-LG-Centre
Tussle
The tussle over constitutional jurisdiction between Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal
and Lieutenant Governor Najeeb Jung has been making headlines over the past few
days. Target Interview goes through the events of the past two weeks, as follows.
The Tussle:
15th May: LG appoints Shakuntala Gamlin as the acting Chief Secretary of Delhi,
despite Kejriwals strong opposition.

16th May: Kejriwal asks Gamlin to not take charge of the post. Gamlin ignores CMs
directives and follows LGs.
16th May: Anindo Majumdar, who issued the appointment letter to Gamlin on
instructions from Jung, is removed from his post by the CMs office.
16th May: LG declares CMs order to transfer Majumdar as void.
17th May: Kejriwal accuses Gamlin of trying to favour two Reliance Infra-owned
discoms through a Rs. 11,000-crore loan.
18th May: Majumdar finds himself locked out of the office. Later, Rajendra Kumar is
appointed Principal Secretary (Services) by the AAP Govt. Promptly, LG declares
Kumars appointment as void.
19th May: Rajendra Kumar appoints senior bureaucrat Arvind Ray as Principal
Secretary of general administration department. Kejriwal and Jung both meet the
President.
20th May: The LG cancels all appointments made by the AAP government in the last
four days.
22nd May: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) issues a notification stating that IAS and
IPS positions come under the Centres control and the LGs authority is final in
appointing bureaucrats. Delhi as a UT: Although Delhi is a Union Territory and not a fullfledged state, it enjoys a special status among UTs and has an elected assembly of its
own, which has the right to legislate on all subjects except police, public order and land.
Thus the Delhi state Govt. does not have the same authority as other state
governments do, a part of the authority being shared by the Centre as well. So can the
Delhi CM appoint a bureaucrat as per his choice and/or have a say in the appointment?
Delhi High Court intervenes: On Monday, 25th May, the Delhi High Court, while settling
a spat between the Centre and Delhi government regarding the Delhi Anti-Corruption
Bureaus jurisdiction, observed, The LG must act on the aid and advice of the council of
ministers in respect of matters which fall within legislative competence of the Delhi
assembly. The HCs verdict pertains specifically to subjects that fall within the states
competence, such as the Delhi ACBs jurisdiction. Whether appointment of the chief
secretary falls within the Centres discretion or the States is definitely something that
the constitution decides. But, it is sad that selfish feuds for gaining political power figure
at a higher position in the priority lists of our political parties than the general welfare of
the public.
EVERY THING ABOUT DELHI TUSSLE

Background:
The tussle started when Lt-Governor Najeeb Jung appointed Shakuntala Gamlin as
acting chief secretary without consulting the Council of Ministers of Delhi Government.
What Laws says?

Section 41 of the Government of National Capital Territory Act of Delhi says that Lt.
Governor can use his discretion only in matters which fall outside the purview of the
Legislative Assembly.
Article 239AA (3) (a) of the Constitution reserves some matters under the State List
which allows the LG to use his discretionary powers public order, police and land. This
Article was incorporated into the Constitution by the 69th Amendment in 1991, by which
the Union Territory of Delhi was called the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi
with the Lt. Governor as its administrator.
Section 44 of the 1991 Act has left it to the President to frame the procedure in case
there is a difference of opinion between the LG and the Council of Ministers. The
same provision provides that all executive action of Lieutenant Governor whether taken
on the advice of his Ministers or otherwise shall be expressed to be taken in the name
of the Lieutenant Governor.
Section 45 mandates that it is the duty of the Chief Minister to communicate to the
Lieutenant Governor all decisions of the Council of Ministers relating to the
administration of the affairs of the Capital and proposals for legislation.
Who deals with matters related to Land and Police?
In matters of police and land, the Union Ministries of Home Affairs and Urban
Development are in direct charge.
The Lt Governor is the chairperson of the Delhi Development Authority or DDA, and he
does not act in tandem with the Chief Minister, but uses his discretion.
Since NCT of Delhi does not have its own State Public Services, the central
government, through notification, has said that matters related Services are dealt by Lt
Governor. And hence matters related to services fall outside the purvies of the Delhi
Legislative Assembly.
TOPIC 15: Nepal Earthquake

A deadly magnitude 7.3 earthquake has struck Nepal and sent aftershocks through
neighbouring India, two weeks after a devastating quake.
A 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Nepal on April 25, killing at least 8,046 people and
injuring more than 17,800.
The epicentre this time is about 80km north-east of Kathmandu, halfway to Everest. On
25 April, the big quake began 80km to the north-west of the capital.
Specific cause of the Earth Quake:
It was triggered by the India tectonic plate, which is moving northwards into central Asia.
This results in thrust-faulting and has thrown up the Himalayan mountain range.
The India tectonic plate moving north at about 45mm a year is pushing under the
Eurasian plate beneath the Himalayas.
Two tectonic plates meet beneath the Himalayas along a fault line.
It has triggered several other significant earthquakes in this region, including the 1934
quake at Bihar, which reached a magnitude of 8.2; the 7.5 event at Kangra in 1905; and

the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, which reached 7.6.
The Indian subcontinent collided with the Eurasia plate about 40 million to 50 million
years ago.
Effects of the Earthquake:
As the plates push against each other, friction generates stress and energy that builds
until the crust ruptures.
Why Nepal?
Nepal is prone to destructive earthquakes, not only because of the massive forces
involved in the tectonic collision, but also because of the type of fault line the country
sits on. Normal faults create space when the ground cracks and separates. Nepal lies
on a so-called thrust fault, where one tectonic plate forces itself on top of another.
The most visible result of this is the Himalayan mountain range. The fault runs along the
1,400-mile range, and the constant collision of the India and Eurasia plates pushes up
the height of the peaks by about a centimeter each year.
What experts say?
However, experts are of the opinion that the 7.3 magnitude event and the subsequent
tremors that rocked Nepal were aftershocks and could not be construed as fresh
earthquakes.
Why the experts say so?
Experts say that if there had been a fresh earthquake on a new fault, many aftershocks
would have occurred along a larger length of the fault. Usually a 7.8 magnitude
earthquake would rupture a length of 150-200 km, which was observed in the April 25
event. No similar thing had happened due to recent quake and all the events were
concentrated in a few kilometres on the eastern end of the April 25 fault zone. Besides
the 7.3 magnitude event, the other aftershocks due to recent quake, ranged from 4.2 to
6.3 magnitude.
Terminology:
Earthquakes are the manifestations of sudden release of strain energy accumulated in
the rocks over extensive periods of time in the upper part of the Earth.
Aftershock: An earthquake that follows a large magnitude earthquake called, main
shock and originates in or around the rupture zone of the main shock. Generally, major
earthquakes are followed by a number of aftershocks, which show a decreasing trend in
magnitude and frequency with time.
Fault: A weak plane in the Earths crust and upper mantle along which two blocks of
rock mass rupture or slip past each other. Faults are caused by earthquakes and

earthquakes are likely to reoccur on pre-existing faults, where stresses are
accumulated.
Epicentre: It is the point on the surface of the earth, vertically above the place of origin
(hypocentre) of an earthquake. This point is expressed by its geographical Coordinates
in terms of latitude and longitude.
TOPIC 16: Lok Sabha clears black money Bill
The Lok Sabha recently passed The Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets
(Imposition of Tax) Bill, 2015, after the government once again turned down the
Oppositions demand for referring the legislation to a standing committee.
However, opposition parties say that the Bill does not prevent the generation of black
money in the country and some members are apprehensive that this could become
another tool in the hands of enforcement agencies to harass innocent people.
The bill will now go to the Rajya Sabha, which will debate and return the bill since it has
been termed a money bill. If it does not return the bill in 15 days, it would be deemed to
be passed.
The Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets (Imposition of Tax) Bill:
The Bill will apply to Indian citizens and seeks to replace the Income Tax (IT) Act, 1961
for the taxation of foreign income. It penalizes the concealment of foreign income, and
provides for criminal liability for attempting to evade tax in relation to foreign income.
Important provisions In the Bill:
According to the provions of the Bill, those who conceal income and assets and indulge
in tax evasion in relation to foreign assets can face rigorous imprisonment of up to 10
years. The offence will be non-compoundable and the offenders will not be permitted to
approach the Settlement Commission for resolution of disputes.
There will also be a penalty of 300% of taxes on the concealed income and assets.
According to the Bill, undisclosed foreign income or assets shall be taxed at the flat rate
of 30%. No exemption or deduction or set off of any carried forward losses which may
be admissible under the existing Income-tax Act, 1961, shall be allowed. And
concealment of income in relation to a foreign asset will attract penalty equal to three
times the amount of tax (90% of the undisclosed income or the value of the undisclosed
asset). This would be over and above tax at a flat rate of 30%.
The Bill also proposes to make concealment of income and evasion of tax in relation to
a foreign asset a predicate offence under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act,
which will enable the enforcement agencies to attach and confiscate the accounted
assets held abroad and launch proceedings.
The Bill seeks to make non-filing of income tax returns or filing of returns with
inadequate disclosure of foreign assets liable for prosecution with punishment of
rigorous imprisonment of up to 7 years. To protect persons holding foreign accounts
with minor balances which may not have been reported out of oversight or ignorance, it

has been provided that failure to report bank accounts with a maximum balance of upto
Rs.5 lakh at any time during the year will not entail penalty or prosecution.
The tax liability on an overseas property would be computed on the basis of its current
market price, not the price at which it was acquired.
The Bill provides for a short window for those holding overseas assets to declare their
wealth, pay taxes and penalties to escape punitive action. Failure to furnish return in
respect of foreign income or assets shall attract a penalty of Rs.10 lakh. The same
amount of penalty is prescribed for cases where although the assessee has filed a
return of income, but he has not disclosed the foreign income and asset or has
furnished inaccurate particulars of the same.
The Income Tax assesses with overseas assets will get a one-time opportunity for
declaring them. The time-frame of the short window will be notified after the passage of
the bill.
TOPIC 17: Naxalism

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Naxalite movement as the biggest threat
The Naxalite threat is the biggest security problem for Indias future as its effects are

multi-layered. The Maoist movement highlights Indias interior weaknesses, which
makes India also vulnerable to external threats. As part of globalisation, threats such as
the Naxalite movement can no longer be viewed as simply internal as it also affects
external security.
Solutions
The problem calls for a three-pronged solution: social and economic development,
multi-lateral dialogue and military force.
Socio-economic development
As the Naxalites are fuelled by discontent from the marginalised and the poor, a larger
percentage of the national budget must be allocated to addressing the needs of these
regions
Dialogue
By opening dialogue, the government can give opportunity for the rebels to join the
mainstream by showing them that solutions can be created together with the
government, by being part of the political system in a legitimate way
Military
Currently, the main instrument employed by the government to address the Naxalite
threat is the increasing use of the military. While some military force is still needed to
combat against the Maoist guerrillas, it should not be the only solution. By only
addressing the issue by brute force, government risks alienating civilians who are
caught in the middle. Coercion of the state will only encourage people to rally against it.
TOPIC 18: ABOUT ONE RANK- ONE PANSION SCHEME

1.What is One Rank, One Pension?
The one rank, one pension rule means that retired soldiers of the same rank and
length of service will receive the same pension, regardless of when they retire.
As of now, the date of retirement determines the amount of pension. With each Pay
Commission coming up with its recommendations every 10 years, the military veterans
who retire early, receive less pension as compared to those who retired later with the
same rank and length of service
Under OROP, a sepoy who retired in 1995, for instance, would get the same amount of
pension as the one who retired in 1996.
2.Who will benefit from OROP?
Ex-servicemen drawing pensions will benefit from the OROP scheme, especially those
who retired before 2006. Why? Because at present, pensioners who retired before 2006
draw less pension than their counterparts and even their juniors. The scheme will
benefit all three services -- air force, navy and army.

3.How much will the OROP scheme cost the government?
The United Progressive Alliance government in their interim budget had announced an
amount of Rs 500 crore for the scheme. However, NDAs Finance Minister Arun Jaitley
in his Budget announcement allotted Rs 1,000 crore for the scheme.
4.Why has there been so much delay in implementing OROP?
Officials within the ministry of defence have been against the implementation of OROP,
citing financial, administrative and legal impediments.
In 2011, the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare of the MoD pointed out to a
parliamentary committee that OROP was not feasible to implement since documents of
military personnel are weeded out after 25 years -- which is not true.
In reality, the Pension Payment Orders of pensioners, which contain all relevant details
such as the rank last held and the length of service, are retained during the lifetime of
each pensioner and then during the lifetime of the family pensioner in case of his
demise. Further, all these details are available in a document called 'Long Roll' which is
maintained in perpetuity in terms of Regulation 592 of the Regulations for the Army.
Another reason given by those opposing the scheme was that other employees would
also start demanding OROP.
TOPIC 19: FDI

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment): FDI is described as investment into the business of a
country by a company in another country. As for my perception, FDI will good for retail
sector.
SERVICE:As FDI introduced to India, there will be many options and choices for the
customers to select goods at low prices.
GDP: Our countries GDP will surely increase, as the foreign company will invest in India
and they have to pay different types of taxes like service tax, sales tax, corporate tax
etc.
EMPLOYMENT: if the foreign company will invest in India and open their malls, they will
give job opportunities to both skilled and non skilled people.
INFRASTRUCTURE: FDI will improve India's infrastructure also, as the rule of FIPB
(foreign investment promotion board) says that every foreign companies has to invest
its 30% on their infrastructure. If we will talk about the small retailers, let me tell you that

according to FIPB rules that is, the foreign company can only invest in those cities
where's population is more than 10 lakhs, and as we know that in India there are only
100-200 cities are there where's population is more than 10 lakhs.
DISADVANTAGES
(a)Domestic companies fear that they may lose their ownership to overseas company
(b)Small enterprises fear that they may not be able to compete with world class large
companies and may ultimately be edged out of business; (c)Large giants of the world try
to monopolise and take over the highly profitable sectors;
List of Limits in Various Sectors (In %)
1. Defence Raised to 49% from 26%
2. Pension-49
3. Insurance Raised to 49% from 26%
4. Print Media-26
5. Civil Aviation-49
6. Public Sec. Banks-20
7. Private Sec. Banks-74
8. Multi Brand -51
9. Single Brand -100
10. Tourism -100
FDI vs FII
FDI (foriegn direct investment)- ACTIVE PARRICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT OF
COMPANY AND HOLD and
FII (Forien Institutionl Investment) - JUST INVEST IN SHARES TO EARN PROFIT
THROUGH TRADING OF SHARES
TOPIC 20: New Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) And

Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC)
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21. Digital India
On August 21, 2014, the Digital India campaign was launched. The idea is to
change India into an electronically empowered economy. According to this
programme, the Government of India wants all Government departments and
the people of India to connect with each other digitally or electronically, so
that there is effective governance. It also aims at reducing paperwork by
making all the Government services available to the people electronically.
There is also a plan to connect all villages and rural areas through internet
networks.
There are three major components of Digital India: Digital infrastructure,
digital literacy and digital delivery of services. The Government plans to
complete this project in five years. That is, by 2019, the Digital India project is
expected to be fully functional.
22. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana ( Part 2: Topic 8)

On August 28, 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Pradhan
Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana. This scheme was announced when he gave his first
Independence Day speech on August 15 , 2014. This is a prestigious financial
inclusion programme. On the very first day of the launch of the programme,
15 million bank accounts were opened and each of the account holders was
given Rs 1,00,000 insurance cover. By September 2014, 3.02 crore accounts
were opened and around Rs 1,500 crore were deposited. According to the
yojana, anyone can open new bank accounts with zero balance too.
23. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

On 24 September 2014, Prime Minister approved the Swachh Bharat
campaign, which was a modification of the Nirmal Bharat Programme,
launched by the previous Government. The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was
launched formally on October 2, 2014, the birth anniversary of Mahatma
Gandhi. The objective is to make India a clean India by 2019, the 150th birth
anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The plan is to provide toilet and sanitation
facilities in all rural and remote areas, to create public awareness of
cleanliness, to clean roads, streets, encroachments and make India one of the
cleanest countries of the world.

24. Make in India
This was basically a slogan, coined by Narendra Modi on September 25, 2014
to attract the global world to invest and manufacture in India. It then became
an international marketing campaign. Make in India campaign was initiated
so that India has ample job opportunities and the economy gets a boost. Make
in India seeks to make India a self-reliant country. It also aims to allow FDI in
the country as well as bring back to health the loss-making Government firms.
The Make in India campaign is completely under the Central Government, in
which the Government has identified 25 major sectors which have the
potential of becoming a global leader.
25. Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana

On October 11, 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Saansad
Adarsh Gram Yojana. According to this yojana, each MP will take the
responsibility of developing three villages by 2019. The idea is to make Indias
villages to be fully developed with physical and institutional infrastructure.
There are certain guidelines for this scheme, which has been formulated by
the Department of Rural Development. The Prime Minister released the
guidelines on October 11, 2014 and requested all MPs to develop one model
village by year 2016 in their constituency and two more by 2019.
26. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana

The scheme will be a one year cover, renewable from year to year, Accident
Insurance Scheme offering accidental death and disability cover for death or
disability on account of an accident.
The scheme would be offered / administered through Public Sector General
Insurance Companies (PSGICs) and other General Insurance companies
willing to offer the product on similar terms with necessary approvals and tie
up with Banks for this purpose.
Eligibility: Available to people in age group 18 to 70 years with bank

account.
Premium: Rs 12 per annum.
Payment Mode: The premium will be directly auto-debited by the bank
from the subscribers account. This is the only mode available.
Risk Coverage: For accidental death and full disability Rs 2 Lakh and
for partial disability Rs 1 Lakh.
Additional Eligibility: Any person having a bank account and Aadhaar
number linked to the bank account can give a simple form to the bank
every year before 1st of June in order to join the scheme. Name of
nominee to be given in the form.
Terms of Risk Coverage: A person has to opt for the scheme every
year. He can also prefer to give a long-term option of continuing in
which case his account will be auto-debited every year by the bank.
Who will implement this Scheme? The scheme will be offered by all
Public Sector General Insurance Companies and all other insurers who
are willing to join the scheme and tie-up with banks for this purpose.

27. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Yojana
The scheme will be a one year cover, renewable from year to year, Insurance
Scheme offering life insurance cover for death due to any reason.
Eligibility: Available to people in the age group of 18 to 50 and having a bank

account. People who join the scheme before completing 50 years can,
however, continue to have the risk of life cover up to the age of 55 years
subject to payment of premium.
Premium: Rs 330 per annum. It will be auto-debited in one instalment.

Payment Mode: The payment of premium will be directly auto-debited
by the bank from the subscribers account.
Risk Coverage: Rs 2 Lakh in case of death for any reason.
Terms of Risk Coverage: A person has to opt for the scheme every
year. He can also prefer to give a long-term option of continuing, in
which case his account will be auto-debited every year by the bank.
28. Atal Pension Yojna (APY)

The scheme will be launched on June 1 2015 and focus is on the unorganised
sector. A pension provides people with a monthly income when they are no
longer earning. A Subscriber receives pension based on accumulated
contribution out of his current income.Under the Atal Pension Yojna Scheme
(APY), the subscribers ,under the age of 40, would receive the fixed monthly

pension of Rs. 1000 to Rs 5000 at the age of 60 years, depending on their
contributions.
To make the the pension scheme more attractive, government would cocontribute 50 per cent of a subscribers contribution or Rs 1,000 per annum,
Eligibility for APY: Atal Pension Yojana (APY) is open to all bank
account holders who are not members of any statutory social security
scheme.
Age of joining and contribution period: The minimum age of joining
APY is 18 years and maximum age is 40 years. One needs to contribute
till one attains 60 years of age.
Enrolment agencies: All Points of Presence (Service Providers) and
Aggregators under Swavalamban Scheme would enrol subscribers
through setup of National Pension System.
if person joined Atal Pension Yojna at 35 years, he will contribute till age
of 60 years ie 25 years.
If he wants monthly pension of Rs 1000 he would contribute Rs 181 a
month. On his death his wife would get Rs 1000 per month and after her
death the nominees will get 1.7 lakh.
If he wants monthly pension of Rs 3000 he would contribute Rs 543 a
month. On his death his wife would get Rs 3000 per month and after her
death the nominees will get 5.1 lakh.

29.Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Scheme
After the successful implementation of innovative schemes like the Jan Dhan
Yojana, Make in India and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Prime Minister Narendra
Modi now launched one more scheme, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (save the girl
child, educate the girl child), on January 22 in Panipat in Haryana.
With an initial corpus of Rs 100 crore, the scheme has been launched in a
hundred districts across the country. In Haryana where the child sex ratio
(CSR) has been dismally low, 12 districts have been chosen: Rewari,
Mahendergarh, Bhiwani, Jhajjar, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Sonepat, Rohtak,
Karnal, Kaithal, Panipat and Yamuna Nagar.
The scheme aims at making girls independent both socially as also financially
through education. This approach of the Government can facilitate in
generating awareness and improving the efficiency of delivery of welfare
services meant for the women.
Why the scheme ?
The latest census of 2011 reveals a declining trend in CSR in the age group of
0 to 6 years, the figure for girls having gone down to 919 per 1,000 boys, from
what it was in the 2001 census 927.
The practice of aborting female foetus has become more rampant with the
availability of modern diagnostic tools for sex determination of the unborn.
With the social biases favouring the male child on consideration of economic
advantages and the deep-rooted attitude of labelling the girl child as more of a
liability, the sex ratio in the country has been skewed.
The process of elimination continues even after birth in various forms of
discrimination in matters of health, nutritional and educational needs of the
girl child.
Therefore, it has been rightly stated that womens disempowerment begins
even before birth. Concomitantly, the fact remains that empowerment of
women leads to allround progress and emancipation from backwardness of
beliefs and unscientific practices in the society. And towards driving this home
among the rural folks confined to superstitious beleifs and practices, the new
media and communication methods need to be fully utilised. The Beti Bachao,
Beti Padhao, campaign has been launched to achieve this objective, of
bringing about the awareness and the change.
What Modi said
Lamenting that we have an 18th century mindset, the Prime Minister called
for an end to the discrimination between sons and daughters. He said this is
the key to ending female foeticide. Modi reminded the medical fraternity

which also contributed to female foeticide, that their medical education had
been for the purpose of saving lives, and not killing daughters.
The Prime Minister also launched the Sukanya Samriddhi Account for the
benefit of the girl child. He released a stamp on the theme of Beti Bachao, Beti
Padhao, and administered the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao pledge on the
occasion.
Today the society as a whole needs to change the attitude towards the girl
child to end female foeticide. The practice is prevalent among every strata of
the society. Although there was a healthy sex ratio in the north-eastern region
and tribal areas, in many parts of the country the incidence of female foeticide
is high.
The Government has initiated this innovative scheme to save the lots of the
girl children.
30.PAHAL
The worlds largest cash subsidy under the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme
was re-launched by the Union Government in November 2014 in 54 districts
and is extended all over the country with effect from January 1, 2015. The
scheme was launched for the consumers of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG). The
modified scheme is referred to as Pratyaksh Hanstantarit Labh or PAHAL
DBTL (Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG).
What is PAHAL DBTL?
The PAHAL DBTL ambitious scheme was earlier launched on June 1, 2013 by
the previous Government with the objective of giving cash subsidy on cooking
gas and it covered 291 districts. The present government has
comprehensively examined the PAHAL scheme and after reviewing the
problems faced by the consumers, it modified the prior scheme and relaunched it in 54 districts on November 15, 2014 to cover 2.5 crore
households. The second phase of this revised scheme started on January 1,
2015 to cover all the districts of the country. Under the previous scheme, it
was mandatory to have the Aadhar number for all consumers who want to
receive the LPG subsidy. However, this was a big problem for consumers who
did not have the Aadhar card, which meant that they could not avail the
subsidy.
How to receive LPG subsidy?
However, the new scheme has made available the LPG subsidy to all
consumers. Under the modified scheme, the consumers who use LPG can now

receive subsidy in his bank account under two options. Such a consumer who
joins the scheme will be called Cash Transfer Compliant (CTC) and he can
receive subsidy in the bank account.
Option 1
With Aadhar: If the consumers have their Aadhar numbers, then they have to
get the number linked to the bank account to receive the subsidy.
Option 2
Without Aadhar: If a consumer does not have his Aadhar number, he can get
the subsidy by linking his bank account with the LPG connection ID. This can
be done in two ways:
The LPG distributor should get all bank details (account holders name,
account number, and IFSC code) of the consumers who want to get LPG
subsidy from his location. All information will be captured in the LPG
database.
The bank should have all the information of the LPG connection of the
consumer. This includes the 17 digit LPG consumer ID.
While the first option is known as the primary option, the second option is
referred as the secondary option. In fact, the primary option of having an
Aadhar number is the best option to avail the subsidy and hence
recommended to all. Now, those consumers who have already registered
themselves under the previous scheme need not register their information
again with the LPG distributors. They will receive their subsidy directly in
their bank account.
Benefits of PAHAL
There are three bodies which are going to be benefited by the PAHAL scheme:
For LPG consumers: All consumers using LPG cylinders will get cash
subsidy to buy 12 14.2-kg cylinders or 34 5-kg refills. The amount of money
which is equal to the difference between the present subsidised rate and
the market price is automatically transferred to the bank account of the
consumer, when he or she makes the first booking for a cylinder. However,
this is possible only after joining the scheme. When the consumer takes the
delivery of the cylinder, another advance subsidy is transferred to the bank
account.
For Government: This scheme will reduce or prevent the unauthorised
sale of LPG cylinders at higher rates. The purchase of multiple gas
connections will be prevented. Accordingly, the subsidy burden for the
Government will be reduced.
For oil marketing companies (OMC): The LPG gas distributors wont have
much burden of sending the cylinders to the intermediate gas suppliers.

They will be in direct contact with their consumers, thereby building a good
customer relationship. Multiple unauthorized connections wont be
provided. The OMCs will be able to ensure that the consumers receive the
LPG gas at one fixed rate and do not have to stand in long queues if they had
made the booking well in advance.
31. Sukanya Samriddhi Account
Save for every girl child in India. Reinforcing this idea, Prime Minister
Narendra Modi launched Sukanya Samriddhi Account Scheme, a small
savings scheme as a part of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaign. It is also
considered a part of the governments initiative to increase the percentage of
domestic savings, which has reduced from 38% of the GDP in 2008 to 30% in
2013. This scheme will encourage parents to save for the education and future
of their girl child.
How to Open the Sukanya Samriddhi Account?
1. Guardian to open the account: The account can be opened only by
parents or legal guardians for upto two girl children. In case of twins or
triplets, an exemption will be made on production of a certificate from
authorised medical institutions.
2. Age Eligibility: A Sukanya Samriddhi account can be opened for a girl
child till she attains the age of 10. The scheme started from 2 December,
2014. An initial grace period of one year has been announced for
convenience. A girl child, who is born between 2 December, 2003 and 1
December, 2004, can open account by 1 December, 2015.
3. Account in the name of the beneficiary: Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme can
only be opened in the name of the girl child. The depositor (guardian) will
be an individual, who deposits amount in the account on behalf of the
minor girl child.
4. One Girl One Account: Only one account can be opened per girl child.
5. Where to open Account: Sukanya Samriddhi account can be opened in
Post Offices or authorised Banks (State Bank of India, Bank of Baroda,
Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Andhra Bank, UCO Bank,
and Allahabad Bank, to name the few).

More Information on Sukanya Samriddhi Account
1. Account Transferability: The account can be opened with an amount of
Rs. 1000. It can be transferred from the original location to anywhere in
India as the girl child relocates.
2. Minimum Contribution: A minimum contribution of Rs. 1000 per account
has to be deposited per year. A maximum of Rs.1, 50,000 per account can
be deposited. There is no limit in the number of deposits in a financial year.
The money can be deposited through cash, cheque or draft.
3. Penalty: A penalty of Rs.50 will be imposed if the account is not credited
with the minimum amount.
4. Rate of Interest: The scheme is offering an interest rate of 9.1% per year.
However, it will be revised in April every year and the change will be
communicated subsequently. The interest will be compounded yearly and
directly credited to the account.
5. Term Period: The guardian is expected to deposit amount in the account
only till the completion of 14 years. No deposits after that is required till
the maturity of the account.
6. Withdrawal: A premature withdrawal (at the end of the previous financial
year) of 50% of the accumulated amount is allowed after the girl child
turns 18.
7. Closure of Account: The account can be closed only after the child turns
21. If the money is not withdrawn even after that, it will continue to earn
the interest.
8. Taxation: As per Section 80C of Income Tax Act, the investment (up to
Rs.1.5 lakhs) under the scheme, all the payments including the interest
payment and the total maturity amount will be fully exempted from
taxation.
What Are the Documents Required for Opening an Account?
1. Birth Certificate of the girl child.
2. Address and photo identity proof (PAN Card, Voter ID, Aadhar Card) of the
guardian.
Topic 32 Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna

PM Narendra Modi launched Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna on the birth anniversary of
Jaiprakash Narain (JP).
The vision of our Hon'ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi is If we have to build the
nation we have to start from the villages"
Scheme is based on Mahatma Gandhis vision of transferring Swaraj (good
governance)
Under this scheme, each Member of Parliament needs to choose one village each from
the constituency that they represent, fix parameters and make it a model village by
2016.
Model Village (Development of physical and institutional infrastructure, social
development, cultural development and spread motivation among the people on social
mobilization of the village).
Villages will be offered smart schools, universal access to basic health facilities and
Pucca housing to homeless villagers.
MPs=793 (Loksabha =543, Rajya sabha=250).Each MP will adopt 3 villages in next 5
years.
2379 model villages will be developed under Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna
Funds from centre, state and MPLAD(Member of Parliament Local Area Development
Scheme ) to be used for their development.
Two national level committees to monitor schemes implementation.
Adopting Villages
Narendra Modi - Jayapur ,Varanasi UP.
Sonia Gandhi -Udwa Rae Bareli UP
Rahul Gandhi - Deeh Amethi UP
Hema Malini - Raval UP
Sachin Tendulkar - Puttamrajuvari Kandriga Andhra Pradesh
In the second phase MPs will develop five more adarsh grams in five years starting
from 2019.
Topic 33- Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Campaign Clean India)

Goal- By 2019 Gandhis 150 birth anniversary. every city, town and village is to be
clean, that is, they will have pucca toilets for all, safe drinking water, waste disposal
systems and clean roads and lanes and is expected to cost over 62000 crore.
The campaign was described as "beyond politics" and "inspired by patriotism"
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national level campaign by the Government of India to
clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.
The abhiyan was launched on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhis 145th birth

anniversary on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi.
He also used a broom and shovel to clean the ground of the Valmiki Sadan, a Dalit
colony at Mandir Marg in national capital.
A 'Swachh Bharat Run' was organized at the Rashtrapati Bhavan where around 1500
people participated and the event was flagged off by President Pranab Mukherjee .
The campaign is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government
employees and schools and colleges students of India participated in this event.
Modi selected 9 notable public figures to propagate this campaign.
They are:1. Anil Ambani 2.Baba Ramdev 3.Kamal Hassan 4.Mridula Sinha 5.Priyanka
Chopra 6.Sachin Tendulkar 7.Salman Khan 8.Shashi Tharoor 9.The team of TV series
Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah
Modis clean up act
CII to construction of 10000 toilets through CSR by 2015-16
Vedanta- To built 10000 toilets in addition to 30000 it is already building in a
partnership with rajisthan Govt.
TCS- pledged 100 crore for building sanitation facilities for girl in 10000 schools.
Bharti Foundation pledged 100 crore to built toilets in Ludhiana.
GAIL & L&T- to construct 1021 toilets and 5000 toilets respectively.
Topic 34- Nobel Prize 2014+ Indian Nobel Prize Laureates(1913-2014)

PEACE
Kailash Satyarthi - for their struggle against the suppression of children and young
people
Malala Yousafzay - and for the right of all children to education."
CHEMISTRY
Eric Betzig
William Moerner
Stefan Hell
-for finding ways to make microscopes more powerful that allowing scientists to see how
diseases develop inside the tiniest cells.
PHYSICS
Isamu Akasaki
Hiroshi Amano
Shuji Nakamura
-for the invention of blue light-emitting diodes, which promises to revolutionize the way
the world lights its homes and offices and already helps create the glowing screens of
mobile phones, computers and TVs.
PHYSIOLOGY/MEDICINE
John O'Keefe
May-Britt Moser

Edvard Moser
"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain"
LITERATURE
Patrick Modiano
-his lifelong study of the Nazi occupation and its effect on his country.
ECONOMICS
Jean Tirole
"for his analysis of market power and regulation"
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh) is an Indian children's rights advocate and
an activist against child labour. He founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan ( Save the
Childhood Movement) in 1980 and has acted to protect the rights of more than 83,000
children from 144 countries.
1.Rabindranath Tagore-1913-Literature
2.C. V. Raman-1930-Physics
3.Hargobind Khorana-1968-Medicine
4.Mother Teresa-1979-Peace
5.Subrahmanyan chandershekhar-1983-Physics
6.Amartya Sen-1998-Economic Science
7.Venkatraman Ramakrishnan-2009-Chemistry
8. Kailash Satyarthi-2014-Peace
TOPIC 35: BLACK MONEY

In India, Black money refers to funds earned on the black market, on which income and
other taxes have not been paid. The total amount of black money deposited in foreign
banks by Indians is unknown.
Special Investigative Team (SIT):
The first Cabinet meeting of the Modi government decided to constitute a special
investigative team (SIT) to dig out black money. The SIT will be headed by a retired
Supreme Court judge, M B Shah. The decision on the SIT is in compliance with the
Supreme Court directive on black money.
The vice-chairman of the SIT will be another former SC judge, Arijit Pasayat. It will be
assisted by the revenue secretary, directors of CBI, IB, RAW and ED(Enforcement
Directorate), the CBDT chairman and an RBI deputy governor. The government was
given a week by the SC to set up an SIT.
ACTION
Complying with the Supreme Courts order, the government placed before the court the
complete list of 627 Indians who have accounts in HSBC Bank, Geneva. Stating that
almost half these names are under tax probe for allegedly stashing black money
abroad, the government said charges have to be filed by March next year.

As directed by the court, the documents containing names of the account holders,
correspondence with French authorities and the status report of the probe conducted so
far in the black money case were submitted in separate sealed covers by Attorney
General Mukul Rohatgi. The court said it would not make the names public at this
juncture.
Black money case: The Centre has filed an affidavit before the Supreme Court in the
black money case, naming three prominent businessmen.
1.Pradip Burman, former Director of Dabur group. Goa-based miner
2.Radha S Timblo and
3.Pankaj Chimanlal Lodhya
TOPIC 36: Cabinet Ministers of India 2014

1 Narendra Modi: Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions; Department of Atomic
Energy Department of Space; All important policy issues and all other portfolios not
allocated to any Minister
2 Rajnath Singh: Home Affairs
3 Sushma Swaraj: External Affairs, Overseas Indian Affairs
4 Arun Jaitley: Finance, Corporate Affairs, Information & Broadcasting
5 M. Venkaiah Naidu: Urban Development, Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation,
Parliamentary Affairs
6 Nitin Jairam Gadkari: Road Transport and Highways, Shipping
7 Manohar Parrikar: Defence
8 Suresh Prabhu:Railways
9 D.V. Sadananda Gowda: Law & Justice
10 Uma Bharati: Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
11 Dr. Najma A. Heptulla: Minority Affairs
12 Ramvilas Paswan: Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
13 Kalraj Mishra: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
14 Maneka Sanjay Gandhi: Women and Child Development
15 Ananth kumar: Chemicals and Fertilizers
16 Ravi Shankar Prasad: Communications and Information Technology
17 Jagat Prakash Nadda: Health & Family Welfare
18 Ashok Gajapathi Raju Pusapati: Civil Aviation
19 Anant Geete: Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises
20 Harsimrat Kaur Badal: Food Processing Industries
21 Narendra Singh Tomar: Mines, Steel

22 Chaudhary Birender Singh: Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Drinking Water and
Sanitation
23 Jual Oram:Tribal Affairs
24 Radha Mohan Singh: Agriculture
25 Thaawar Chand Gehlot: Social Justice and Empowerment
26 Smriti Zubin Irani: Human Resource Development
27 Dr. Harsh Vardhan: Science and Technology, Earth Sciences
TOPIC 37: SMART CITIES

Smart Cities are urban settlement that exploit Technology to offer more structured and
hospitable living conditions for residents.
The Narendra Modi Government plans to build 100 smart cities across India and made
an allocation of 7060 Crore to this end in budget 2014-2015.
GOVERNANCE: Online Public Services
INFRASTRUCTURE: Broader Internet, WiFi Reach, Strong Public Transport, 24*7
municipal services.
REAL TIME TRANSPORT DISPLAYS: It can provide visibility and information on
availability of public transport as well as the condition of traffic on routes.
CENTRALIZED CONTROL SYSTEM: such cities have a system which provides real
time inputs on availability of water, electricity and public transport, healthcare and
education.
ENERGY: There is emphasis on the use of renewable sources of Energy.
PARKING : Digital parking meters send information to mobile phones when a space
opens up.
DMIC SMART CITIES: Seven Smart Cities are being developed by States and Foreign
assistance as part of the DELHI- MUMBAI Industrial Corridore(DMIC).
NOTE:
Singapore to help India in 100 smart cities project
US to help in developing smart cities Allahabad (UP), Ajmer (Rajasthan),
Vishakhapatnam (Andhra P.)
India, Japan sign MoU to develop Varanasi into smart city.
TOPIC 38: Mangalyaan / Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)

India's Mars mission successful on 1st attempt (400 million-km long journey to Mars).

The first Asian country and the fourth(after Russia, USA, European) in the world to
undertake a mission to the red planet.
Dr. K. Radhakrishnan ISRO Chairman
Mylswamy Annadurai is the Director of Mars Mission.
India's MOM is the cheapest inter-planetary mission, costing of Rs 450 Crore ($671
million) entered the Martian orbit on 24 September 2014.
India becomes the first country in the world to insert a spacecraft into the Martian orbit
in its very first attempt.
The first Chinese mission to Mars, called Yinghuo-1, failed in 2011.
The mission successfully completed its 100 days in space on February 12, 2014.
According to NASA, Out of the 51 missions to the red planet by different countries, only
21 went successful till now.
TOPIC 39:GLOBAL WARMING

Global warming- gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere
and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earths
climate. Some regions may be wet with rain and some areas will suffer drought due to
global warming. The climatic changes happen due to global warming.
Global warming Causes
The causes are many of which the main culprit is the increase in the greenhouse gases
that is produced by burning fossil fuel and deforestation, thus intensifying the
greenhouse effect leading to global warming.
GREEN HOUSE GASES:- The four main contributors of the greenhouse effect are,
vapor, Carbon dioxide CO2, Methane, and Ozone. Other greenhouse gases include, but
are not limited to, Nitrous oxide, Sulfur hexafluoride,
Hydrofluorocarbons,Perfluorocarbons and Chlorofluorocarbons.
Carbon dioxide- CO2, which damages the ozone layer, comes from several sources,
but the most problematic are those coming from the burning of fossil fuels from power
plants. This releases thousands of tones of CO2 into the atmosphere every year.
Excessive cutting down of the trees is another factor causing global warming. When
deforestation happens the efficiency by which carbon dioxide is stored and oxygen
released by the green plants are decreased to a huge rate in turn causing increased
concentration of carbon dioxide that leads to increased greenhouse effect.
Methane -Mining for coal and oil releases methane in the atmosphere. More ever the
leakage from natural gas fields and landfills are additional source of methane.

Effects of global warming
There are two major effects of global warming:
Increase of temperature on the earth by about 3 to 5 C (5.4 to 9 Fahrenheit) by the
year 2100.
Rise of sea levels by at least 25 meters (82 feet) by the year 2100.
The effect of global warming is dangerous to life on earth, both the human and animal
existence. Due to the hear agriculture and farming, forestry and fishery are seriously
hurt. Water temperature being elevated, the fauna and flora are deprived of their natural
habitat that is detrimental to their growth and might lead to distinction of the species
there.
Higher level of carbon dioxide causes the acidification of the oceans. According to the
report of WWF on coral reefs says that coral populations will collapse by 2100 due to
increased temperatures and ocean acidification.
TOPIC 40: New Books & Authors
1.Playing it my way is the autobiography of Sachin Tendulkar.
2.Half Girlfriend has been written by Chetan Bhagat.
3. "One Life is Not Enough" is the autobiography of Natwar Singh, A former Union
Minister of India.
4.Untold Story of Indian Public Sector - authored by UD Choubey,
5.And then one day is the autobiography of Actor Nasiruddin Shah.
6.Not Just an Accountant has been written by Vinod Rai (India's Former Comptroller
and Auditor General (CAG)).
7.Lajja has been written by Taslima Nasrim.
8.Worthy Fights : A memoir of leadership in war and peace has been written by Leon E
Panetta.
9.The Children Act has been written by Ian McEwan.
10.The Gods of Antarctica has been written by 13 Year Old Yashwardhan Shukla.
11.Assasination of Rajeev Gandhi : an Inside Job has been written by Faraj Ahmad.
12.God of Antartica has been written by Yashwardhan Shukla.
13. Iqbal ka harfe sheerin has been written by Abdul Haq.
14.Wolf in White Van has been written by John Darnielle.
15.Odyssey of My Life is the autobiography of Former Home Minister Shivraj Patil.
16.Nehru Gazing at Tomorrow has been written by H R Bharadwaj.
17.Modi:Incredible Emergence of a Star has been written by Tarun Vijay.
18.Passion Flower : Seven Stories of Derangement has been written by Cyrus Mistry.
19.Strictly Personal : Manmohan and Gursharan has been written by Manmohan
Singh's Daughter Daman Singh.
20.The Lives of Others has been written by Neel Mukherjee. It has been nominated for
Prestigious Literary Honor - Man Booker Prize 2014.
21.A man and the Motorcycle has been written by Pete Ham and is based on Hamid
Karzai (Former Afghan President).
22 A Bad Character has been written by Deepti Kapoor.

23. Blood Feud : Obama Vs Clinton has been written by Edward Klein.
24.Manjar Dar Manjar : The essense Of My Spirit has been written by Mahesh Manjar.
25.Indigo Rebellion has been written by Ananda Bhattacharya.
#Target Interview : Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team
Interview Preparation Part 1
Admin :Vivaan Sharma (Vibhor) Admin: Singh Bhupi
#1. Juvenile Justice Amendment Bill passed in the Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha passed a bill on the 7th of May, 2015 to amend the Juvenile Justice
Bill passed in 2014, which will allow the judiciary to treat children between the
age of 16-18 as adults depending on the heinousness of the crime committed. The
Juvenile Justice Bill, 2014 will now replace the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000. The
amended bill also categorises offences as petty, serious and heinous, and defines
differentiated processes for each category.
#2. Jayalalitha set to return as TN CM after acquittal
AIADMK chief Jayalalitha was acquitted by the Karnataka High Court on the 11th
of May, 2015 in a case of Disproportionate Assets (DA). Apart from Jayalalitha's
verdict the court also acquitted her close aide Sasikala Natarajan, her relatives J
Elavarasi and V N Sudhakaran and Jayalalithaa's disowned foster son. Earlier,
Jayalalitha had to step down as the chief minister of Tamil Nadu as a trial court
had convicted her for a term of four years and imposed a Rs. 100 crore fine. But,
the acquittal on Monday will serve her as a breather and she is likely to become
the CM again.
#3. Record 3100 youths in Jammu and Kashmir offered jobs
Over 3100 youths in the state of Jammu and Kashmir were offered jobs this year
by corporates, the highest since the inception of the 'Udaan' scheme in the valley.
The NDA government opted to change their strategy and implement 13
recruitment drives in the state after the September 2014 floods. Since the
inception of the scheme in 2013, there were only 940 odd recruitments, but the
number this year has exceeded 3100, which has been viewed as a success.
#4. Rs 6,400 crore deposited in 339 accounts by Indians in Swiss bank, SIT tells
SC

339 Indian accounts in HSBC bank holding a total sum of Rs 6400 crore owe an
amount of Rs 4,520 crore to the income tax department, reported the Special
Investigation Team (SIT). The SIT was able to gather information on black money
holders with the help of International Consortium of Investigative Journalists
(ICIJ). SIT said it had conducted investigations on the data provided by the
Consortium and a large number of cases of such offshore entities were not
disclosed to the Income Tax department.
#5. 47 killed in Karachi bus attack, Taliban claims responsibility
47 people have been reported dead after a passenger bus carrying members of
the Shia community was fired at, in Karachi by gunmen on motorbikes. The attack
has been considered as the worst till date on the Shia community. There were
conflicting reports of militant groups claiming responsibility for the attack. A
splinter faction of the militant group Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) called
Jundullah, or Army of God, had claimed responsibility for the attack. There were
also reports of leaflets found at the scene claiming the attack on behalf of the
Islamic State group. The police have started a search operation for the militants,
who fled after the attack.
#6. Achal Kumar Jyoti appointed as Election Commissioner
Achal Kumar Jyoti was appointed as one of the Election Commissioners, filling one
of the two vacancies of the Election Commission (EC), which comprises of three
members one Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election
Commissioners. The general tenure of an Election Commissioner is six years or till
the age the employee attains 65 years. As Achal Kumar Jyoti is 62 years old, he
will serve for a period of 3 years. He has previously served as the Chief Secretary
for Gujarat under the then chief minister of the state Narendra Modi.
#7. Shashi Kapoor receives Dada Saheb Phalke award
Shashi Kapoor received the prestigious Dada Saheb Phalke award from Union
Information and Broadcasting Minster Arun Jaitley in Delhi. The award is given for
outstanding contribution to the growth and development of Indian cinema. After
Prithvi Raj Kapoor and Raj Kapoor, Shashi Kapoor is the third member of the
Kapoor family to receive the award.
#10. Central Government appoints new governors in six states

On Tuesday, 12th of May, 2015, the central government appointed new
governors for the states of Jharkhand, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur,
Tripura and Meghalaya. Odisha minister Droupadi Murmu will be the governor of
Jharkhand, replacing Syed Ahmed who will now serve as the governor of Manipur.
BJP national executive member V Shanmuganathan has been appointed the
governor of Meghalaya. Ex-chief secretary of Assam J P Rajkhowa will take over as
the governor of Arunachal Pradesh, replacing Lt Gen (retd) Nirbhay Sharma who
will become the governor of Mizoram while, Tathagata Roy will become the
governor of Tripura.
#11. Yoga day to be observed on June 21 in US
The historic National Mall of the US is set to host the first International Day of
Yoga celebration on June 21. Since the event is being organised by the Indian
Embassy in the US, it will feature an exclusive video message by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi. With an aim to promote yoga across the world, the Indian
government is planning to celebrate the First International Day of Yoga in all
countries, including the US.
#12. North Korea executes defence chief on treason charges
Hyon Yong Chol, the defence military head of North Korea was executed on
treason charges. He was put in front of an anti-aircraft gun at a firing range Hyon
was said to have disobeyed North Korea's current leader Kim Jong Un and shown
disrespect to him by dozing off at a military event. South Korea's spy agency said
that Kim had ordered the execution of 15 senior officials this year as punishment
for challenging his authority. Kim Jong Un took power after his father's death in
2011 and since then North Korean internal politics has remained volatile.
#13. SC prohibits politicians photos on government ads
The Supreme Court recently passed a verdict that restrains political parties from
publishing photos of political leaders in government-funded advertisements. The
judgment ensures that the tax payer's money is not spent on building personality
cults of political leaders. According to the apex court, such photos promote a
personality cult by associating an individual with government projects.
However, the use of photographs of the President, Prime Minister and CJI in the
advertisements is allowed.

#14. GST bill for uniform tax regime approved by Lok Sabha
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) bill was passed in Lok Sabha by 352 votes
against 37 after the rejection of opposition's demand of referring it to Standing
Committee. Government has assured that following the implementation of the
bill, the new uniform indirect tax rate will be much less than 27 per cent
recommended by an expert panel. GST is proposed to be implemented from April
1 2016 and will subsume excise, service tax, state VAT, entry tax, octroi and other
state levies.
#15. Arvind Kejriwal's government to monitor content of news channels
Delhi government has decided to keep a close tab on all news channels after
accusing media of conspiring against AAP. Directorate of Information and
Publicity (DIP) officials have been asked to monitor the content broadcast by the
news channels from 9 AM to 11 AM. Kejriwal recently said that their win at the
Delhi elections has resulted in certain 'defame' AAP campaigns run by a section of
the media with an aim to finish off AAP.
#16. India successfully evacuates 4000 Indians trapped in Yemen war zone
After 4000 people were trapped in a war zone at Yemen, the Indian government
successfully rescued its citizens through various rescue operations carried out by
the Indian Navy and Air India. The operation was code named as Operation
Raahat, and will now be wrapped after its successful completion. Indian Naval
Ships Tarkash, Sumitra and Mumbai carried out multiple rescue operations with
the help of Air India, the country's national airline. India was asked by various
countries of the world to rescue their citizens trapped in the conflict-zone. The
conflict started after Saudi Arabia launched air strikes against Iran-allied Houthi
rebels in Yemen.
#17. India to grow faster than China after 2018 : IMF report
A report by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has stated that India's GDP will
grow at a faster rate than that of China's. The reason stated by IMF is the
slowdown that the Chinese economy is facing. The forecast stated that China had
its lowest growth of 7.4% last year in two decades, which saw the Chinese
economy become the second largest in the world. It also predicted that the

Chinese growth will further decrease to 6.5% and then to a measly 6.3% its
following year and will eventually be overtaken by India's 6.4% predicted by the
IMF for the year 2018. However, the Chinese economy supersedes the Indian one
by a considerable margin, the Chinese economy stands at $10.4 trillion compared
to India's $1.877 trillion as of 2013.
#18. Outrage and online protests over net neutrality
Internet users in India have sent over 1.5 lakh emails to the Telecom Regulatory
Authority of India (TRAI) over the last week to demand net neutrality. Net
neutrality or the notion of treating all internet traffic on par came under the
spotlight after TRAI floated a paper on regulatory framework for OTT Services
asking for opinions of stake holders. Wattsapp, Skype, Viber and Google Talk are
examples of OTT Services. Public outrage increased after Airtel launched its OTT
Airtel Zero last week. By paying to be on Airtel Zero, companies can make sure
that their users get free access to their service. Airtel Zero is widely perceived as a
violation of net neutrality which could potentially stifle innovation and startup
growth Flipkart, the first company to sign up for Airtel Zero, has backed out of the
partnership, citing its commitment to the larger cause of net neutrality in India.
Flipkart's move has been viewed as a major boost for the cause of net neutrality
in India.
#19. 10 lakh petitions to 'keep internet free' received by TRAI
Telecom regulator Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has received over
10 lakh petitions pleading free of charge internet just before the deadline ends for
submission of comments on a consultation paper in this regard. The massive
response has been rising at a rate that was never before seen in any regulatory
consultation in Indias history as TRAI seeks public comments till April 24 before
making its recommendations on net neutrality and internet-based calling and
messaging applications. Rajya Sabha MP Rajeev Chandrasekhar also submitted his
official response to the consultation paper along with a petition containing 2.88
lakh signatures collected through online platform Change.org in support of
keeping internet access free of any restriction.
#20. Nepal hit by deadly earthquake killing more than 8000
Nepal fell victim to one of history's worst earthquakes that killed more than 8000
and injured 6,500 people. The death toll is expected to rise as more and more

bodies are being recovered from the rubble. Neighboring countries, India and
China were also affected by the quake which recorded a 7.8 magnitude.
Mountainous areas were badly affected with huge number of villages around the
mountains being destroyed. The terrific quake was followed by a 6.8 magnitude
aftershock that worsened the situation of Nepal. With help pouring in from across
the world, people from every corner of the world are stepping up to help in relief
efforts. India has scaled up its rescue and relief efforts in Nepal and has named it
'Operation Maitri'. As part of the operation, India has deployed two dozen
military aircraft and choppers and is undertaking evacuation through roadways.
Nearly 1,000 trained personnel of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
were also pressed into service.
The rescue teams are also trying to evacuate nationals of other countries with
Indians being the obvious priority. Nepal has declared three days of mourning for
the lives lost in the earthquake.
#21. Nuclear-capable Agni III ballistic missile successfully test fired from Odisha
coast
India test fired nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni III, which has a range of over
3000 km from the coast of Odisha. It was fired from the Inner Wheeler Islands off
the coast of Dhamra in Bhadrak district. The missile is 16 metres in length and
weighs 48 tonnes and is capable of carrying warheads weighing up to 1.5 tonnes.
It uses the technology of rail mobile system, which makes it capable of being
launched from anywhere in India.
#22. Prashant Bhushan and Yogendra Yadav expelled from the Aam Aadmi Party
The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) expelled founding members, Prashant Bhushan and
Yogendra Yadav alleging indiscipline and anti-party activities. Two other members
Anand Kumar and Ajit Jha were expelled too. The two senior leaders opine that
they had a difference of opinion with the party chief, Arvind Kejriwal and his
dictatorial ways and hence they protested leading to their expulsion. The decision
to expell was taken by the party's disciplinary committee citing the duo's efforts
to undermine the party's efforts in the Delhi elections.
#23. India to sign treaty with Afghanistan to share intelligence, co-operation in
dealing crimes

The Narendra Modi government will soon sign a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty
(MLAT) with Afghanistan which will help the two countries share intelligence and
cooperate in dealing with crimes. The deal is likely to upset Pakistan as it has been
against such bilateral agreements since 15 years. This step is likely to pose a
threat to fugitives and terrorists taking shelter in Afghanistan.
#24. BJP became the largest political party in the world
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) became the largest political party in the world
with number of its registered members crossing the figure of 8.8 crore on 29
March 2015. It overtook which party in sheer numbers? Communist Party of
China
#25. ICC World Cup 2015
Australia lifted the ICC World Cup 2015 on 29 March 2015 by defeating New
Zealand in the final by 7 wickets at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG). This
was the 5th ODI cricket World Cup title for Australia thus further cementing its
reputation of being the most dominant team in ODI cricket.
#26. Section 66A of the Information and Technology Act as unconstitutional
In an important development the Supreme Court on 24 March 2015 declared
Section 66A of the Information and Technology Act as unconstitutional. What was
the objective of this section? This section gave the police powers to arrest those
who post objectionable content online and also provided for a three-year jail term
Explanation: Section 66 A of the IT Act is one of the most controversial issues
regarding the freedom of expression on social media in India. The IT Act was
introduced in year 2000 and had this section which was seen as a major
infringement of the freedom of speech online because it allowed the arrest of a
person for posting offensive content. A bench of justices J. Chelameswar and R.F.
Nariman had on 26 February reserved its judgement on this section. The verdict
was reserved after the government concluded its arguments contending that
section 66A of the IT Act cannot be declared unconstitutional merely because of
the possibility of its abuse. The first PIL on the issue was filed in 2012 by a law
student Shreya Singhal, who sought amendment in Section 66A of the Act, after
two girls Rinu Shrinivasan and Shaheen Dhada were arrested in Palghar in Thane
district as one of them posted a comment against the shutdown in Mumbai
following Shiv Sena leader Bal Thackerays death and the other liked it.
INTERVIEW PREPARATION PART 5

TOPIC 41: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
SAARC is an organisation of South Asian nations, which was established on 8 December 1985
Its seven founding members are Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and
Bangladesh, Afghanistan. Meetings of heads of state are usually scheduled annually; meetings of
foreign secretaries, twice annually. It is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.
TOPIC 42: BRICS

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies:
Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
The grouping was originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. The
BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they are distinguished
by their large, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and global affairs;
all five are G-20 members. As of 2013, the five BRICS countries represent almost 3 billion
people, with a combined nominal GDP of US$16.039 trillion, and an estimated US$4 trillion in
combined foreign reserves.Presently, South Africa holds the chair of the BRICS group. The
BRICS have received both praise and criticism from numerous quarters.
BRICS Development Bank

The BRICS Development Bank is a proposed development bank of the BRICS nations. Its
establishment was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 2013 BRICS summit held in Durban, South
Africa on 27 March 2013. Among its goals is to provide funding for infrastructure projects, and
create a "Contingent Reserve Arrangement" worth $100 billion which will help member
countries counteract future financial shocks.
TOPIC 43: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a geo-political and economic organisation of ten
countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand,Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos,
and Vietnam.
Its aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its
members, protection of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for member countries to
discuss differences peacefully.
ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km, which is 3% of the total land area of Earth, and
has a population of approximately 600 million people, which is 8.8% of the world's population.
The sea area of ASEAN is about three times larger than its land counterpart. In 2011, its
combined nominal GDP had grown to more than US$ 2 trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity,
it would rank as the eighth largest economy in the world.
Headquarters is at Jakarta, Indonesia.
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation(BIMSTEC)
The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
(BIMSTEC) is an international organisation involving a group of countries in South Asia and
South East Asia. These are: Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and
Nepal.
TOPIC 44: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is an oil cartel whose mission is to
coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The goal is to secure a steady income to
the member states and to secure supply of oil to the consumers.
OPEC is an intergovernmental organization that was created at the Baghdad Conference on
September 1014, 1960, by Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Later it was joined

by nine more governments: Libya, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria,
Ecuador, Angola, and Gabon. OPEC was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before moving
to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965.
OPEC was formed at a time when the international oil market was largely separate from
centrally planned economies, and was dominated by multinational companies. OPEC's Policy
Statement' states that there is a right of all countries to exercise sovereignty over their natural
resources.
Headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.
TOPIC 45: Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states which are not formally aligned with or
against any major power bloc. As of 2012, the movement has 120 members and 17 observer
countries.
The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived by India's first
prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president, Sukarno; Egypt's second president,
Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president,
Josip Broz Tito. All five leaders were prominent advocates of a middle course for states in the
Developing World between the Western and Eastern blocs in the Cold War. The phrase itself
was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon in
1953, at the United Nations.
TOPIC 46: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on
4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member
states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's
headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and
Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22

countries participate in NATO's "Partnership for Peace", with 15 other countries involved in
institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined military spending of all NATO members
constitutes over 70% of the world's defence spending.
Headquarters at Brussels, Belgium.
TOPIC 47: Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that
were mostly territories of the former British Empire. The Commonwealth operates by
intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth
Secretariat, and non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth
Foundation Headquarters at London, United Kingdom.
TOPIC 48: Group of 15 (G-15)

The Group of 15 (G-15) is an informal forum set up to foster cooperation and provide input for
other international groups, such as the World Trade Organization and the Group of Eight. It was
established at the Ninth Non-Aligned Movement Summit Meeting in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in
September 1989, and is composed of countries from Latin America, Africa, and Asia with a
common goal of enhanced growth and prosperity. The G-15 focuses on cooperation among
developing countries in the areas of investment, trade, and technology. Membership has since
expanded to 17 countries, but the name has remained unchanged. Chile, Iran and Kenya have
since joined the Group of 15, whereas Yugoslavia is no longer part of the group; Peru, a
founding member-state, decided to leave the G-15 in 2011.
Membership :17
Algeria
Argentina
Brazil Chile
Egypt
India
Indonesia
Iran
Jamaica
Kenya
Malaysia

Mexico Zimbabwe
Nigeria
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
Senegal
Sri Lanka
Venezuela
TOPIC 49: GROUP OF 24 (G24)

The Group of 24 (G24), a chapter of the G-77, was established in 1971 to coordinate the positions of
developing countries on international monetary and development finance issues and to ensure that
their interests were adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters. The
group, which is officially called the Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary
Affairs and Development, is not an organ of the International Monetary Fund, but the IMF provides
secretariat services for the Group. Its meetings usually take place twice a year, prior to the International
Monetary and Financial Committee and Development Committee meetings, to enable developing
country members to discuss agenda items beforehand. Although membership in the G-24 is strictly
limited to 24 countries, any member of the G-77 can join discussions. China has been a "special invitee"
since the Gabon meetings of 1981.
Member states
Algeria
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Egypt
Ethiopia
Gabon Ghana
Kenya
Guatemala
India
Iran
Ivory Coast
Lebanon
Mexico
Nigeria
Pakistan
Peru
Philippines
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Syria
Peru
Trinidad and Tobago
Venezuela
TOPIC 50: GROUP OF 77 (G77)

The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to
promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating
capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the
organization has since expanded to 132 member countries.
India is a memeber state in G 77.
TOPIC 51: European Union (EU)

The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are
located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of supranational independent
institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states. Institutions of the
EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European
Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank, the Court of
Auditors, and the European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected every five years by
EU citizens. The EU's de facto capital is Brussels.
Member states
Austria
Belgium
Czech Republic Denmark
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Estonia
Finland
France

Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
TOPIC 52: Group of Eight (G 8)

The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the governments of eight of the world's largest national
economies as nominal GDP with higher HDI; not included are India at 9th, Brazil at 7th and
China at 2nd. The forum originated with a 1975 summit hosted by France that brought together
representatives of six governments:France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Japan, the
United Kingdom, and the United States, thus leading to the name Group of Six or G6. The
summit became known as the Group of Seven or G7 the following year with the addition of
Canada. The G7 is composed by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth (as national net
wealth) and by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth by GDP, and it remains active
despite the creation of the G8. In 1997, Russia was added to the group which then became
known as the G8. The European Union is represented within the G8 but cannot host or chair
summits.
G 8 Member States:
Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States.
TOPIC 53: G-20 major economies

The Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (also known as the G-20,
G20, and Group of Twenty) is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20
major economies: 19 countries plus the European Union, which is represented by the President
of the European Council and by the European Central Bank. The G-20 heads of government or
heads of state have also periodically conferred at summits since their initial meeting in 2008.
Collectively, the G-20 economies account for approximately 86% of the gross world product
(GWP), 80 percent of world trade (including EU intra-trade), and twothirds of the world
population.
Membership:
Argentina
Australia
Brazil
Canada
China
France
Germany
India
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Mexico
Saudi
Arabia
South Africa
South Korea
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
European
Union
#Topics By Pawan Meena
Topic 54: Banning Beef Is it justified?

President Pranab Mukherjee has finally passed Maharashtra Animal Preservation Bill, 1995 which
prohibits slaughtering of bullocks and bulls in the state of Maharashtra. There were mixed reactions
after the 20 years old bill was passed. Where the Congress supported the action, NCP did not look very
happy about the consequences that the bill might have on people. The Beef ban bill states that anyone
found with beef or selling may be imprisoned up to 5 years and penalized for Rs 10000. Let us see how
judicious the act is. Should Beef be banned in Maharashtra?
Yes - It will end the riots related to cow and bull slaughter. It will be seen as a legal offense and not
religious. The lines will be drawn clear.
- Animal rights would be empowered by such acts.
- Cow slaughter is banned in Maharashtra since 1976.The ban extends to bullocks and bull, which can be
slaughtered with certificate and permission. An extension of the bill is absolutely justified.
- It is vital to respect sentiments in a pluralistic democracy. A majority of Hindus consider cow and bulls
slaughter as a sin.
- It will encourage people to turn to vegetarianism or vegan. It will further encourage state to ban killing
of other animals.
No
- A large number of people associated with the Beef industry will be unemployed. These people might
involve in illegal trade.
- Beef is a cheaper source of protein compared to other forms and banning it will deprive the poor
section of it.
- The ban is only on the beef from the Indian buffaloes that burden the farmers breeding them. It had
been an alternate source of income for them.
- There will be losses in the Export business as a large part of beef export will be impacted by the ban.
- Various industries such as Pharma will be affected as many of their products involve ingredients like
fats from buffaloes.

- State does not have a right to impose a certain food culture in any form on people. If it does, it
becomes a theocratic state.
- It will hamper the cattle economy. There will be no one who will nurture buffalo, cows or bulls, which
are neither useful for meat nor agricultural purposes.
- Nothing is done about imported beef. There are many restaurants that use Angus beef from USA and
Australia. Conclusion Are you telling people to stop drinking milk just because it comes from a cow? It
seems to be the same case here. People should be given a right to eat what they like.
Topic 55: WHAT WE GET FROM MODI FOREGIN TRIP...

1.He is visiting to all the countries which are strategically and economically important for India. US is
important both strategically as well as economically. Canada and Australia are important economically
as they agreed to supply Uranium to India which can be huge plus for the increasing energy demand of
the country.
2. Srilanka, Mauritius and Seychelles are key countries in Indian Ocean and have strategic importance to
India, under the impotence regime of Manmohan Singh we had lost some ground to China in these
countries but the Modi govt.
3. Japan has always been a key ally to us as per the tradition of enemy's enemy is friend. Japan is a rich
and developed country which is also at the top of electronics and technology, if we can collaborate with
Japan and improve our technology industry it would be a huge bonus to our economy, even on the
security point of view having a powerful country like Japan as your friend puts us in a very good position.
4. Nepal and Bhutan and Myanmar are like our younger brothers, we have historical and cultural link
with these countries and together they also share a huge border with India, they were feeling a bit upset
by the way the previous govt. ignored them and were getting closer to China, Modi took the necessary
steps to maintain the balance.
5. USA Obama announces $4 billion in India investment and lending deals US investors bet on PM Modi,
to invest $41 billion in India in 3 years
6.France France supports India so that this very big country becomes a permanent member of UN
security Council: Hollande France will invest 2 billion Euros in India, President Hollande announces.
Modis 'Make in India' dream takes off with Airbus outsourcing pledge of $2 billion nd canda gives
uranium to us for next five year.
Topic 56: IIT MADRAS CONTROVERSY....

1. There is a student group named Ambedkar Periyar Study Circle. They are involved in several activities
and discussions. Some of those discussions happen to be related to Ambedkar philosophies, equality
before law, upliftment of standards of living of some section of society, politics, etc.
2. Recently their discussions were related to caste-based reservation system, govt policies, etc. Some of
those discussions hurt some section of society. As most of these discussions were public, a particular
group of students sent a mail to government requesting them to look into the matter.
3. MHRD, being a responsible government body, looked into the mail of those students and sent a letter
to Director of IIT Madras requesting them look into the matter and give a reply at the earliest.
4. MHRD, being a responsible government body, looked into the mail of those students and sent a letter
to Director of IIT Madras requesting them look into the matter and give a reply at the earliest.
5. As a result the institute administration took a decision to DE-RECOGNIZE the APSC student body.
Topic 57: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY....(CSR)

1. Activities done by a company to give social-economic-environmental benefits to the society.
2. Examples of CSR
-Aquaguard water purifiers/water coolers to schools/community center etc.
-Rainwater harvesting projects,
-Immunization, AIDS awareness
3.Who is covered? -Companies that have a turnover of over Rs 1,000 crore -or have a net worth of Rs
500 crore -or that have recorded a net profit of Rs 5 crore
4.Provision-These companies are expected to spend 2 per cent of their profit in preceding three financial
years towards CSR.
5. Punishment-The bill says, theyre expected tomeaning it is not compulsory to spend money. BUT,
the same bill provides that Board of directors will be responsible for seeing that company spends money
for CSR. -It is compulsory to send report on the CSR
-spending to the Corporate Affairs Minister.
-If company is not spending money for CSR, itll have to explain why they are not doing so.

-Companies that do not report will face a penalty ranging from Rs 50,000 to Rs 25 lakh or even
imprisonment of up to three years
Topic 58: Operation Maitri

Operation Maitri was a rescue and relief operation in Nepal by the government of India and Indian
armed forces in the aftermath of the 2015 Nepal earthquake. India's response was started within 15
minutes of the quake. It started on 26 April 2015 and also involved Nepali ex-servicemen from India's
Gurkha Regiments for interface for guidance, relief and rescue.
Topic 59: TEESTA CONFLICT.....BETWEEN INDIA AND BANGLADESH

1. Teesta originates from Sikkim & joins Bramhaputra in Bangladesh. It is an important irrigation source
for paddy farmers on both sides.
2. In the 80s, India & Bangladesh signed ad-hoc agreement to share 39% & 36% of Teesta water
respectively
3. Later, Joint river water commission was setup to collect hydrological data & suggest a rational method
for water sharing.
4. 2011: New formula proposed- India & Bangladesh to get 42.5% and 37.5% respectively.
5. But due to opposition from West Bengal state government, and its CM being the single largest
coalition partnerin UPA,this dealcould not materialize duringPMManmohanSinghsofficialvisitto
Bangladeshin2011.
6. 2014: Bangladeshi Extremist outfits like Jamaat-e-Islami have tied with Opposition leader Khalida Zia.
They began large scale protests & political mobilization against current PM Sheikh Hasina, for her failure
to carryoutTeestaaccord,hurtingPaddyfarmers&sellingtheircountry to India. In past, Jamaat-ud-Dawa
& Hafiz Saeed have used similar propaganda tactics to promote hatred among Pakistanis against Indian
dams.
7. PM Hasina is an important ally of India. She has adopted zero tolerance policy against Anti-Indian
terror outfits. Only under her regime, HuJI terror leaders were arrested, ULFA was banned & its chief
Paresh Barua was awarded death penalty. 8. Without such liberal-secular regimes in neighboring
countries, India cannot become terror-free. 9. Therefore India needs to take proactive steps for early
conclusion of Teesta agreement, to show itself as a good neighbor and prevent resurgence of extremist
parties in neighborhood.
Topic 60: P.M. Modis Bangladesh Visit. By Nitin Pancholi

Achievements:Land Border Agreement: Land border dispute started after separation of Bangladesh from India in 1971
Indian parliament passed 100th amendment to constitution this year.
LBA was signed in 1974 between then PM Indira Gandhi and PM Sheikh Mujibur
Rehman. India will give its 111 enclaves in Bangladesh occupying 10000 acre area.
Bangladesh will give 51 enclaves in India occupying 500 acre area
. Around 37000 people reside in Indian enclaves and 14000 people in Bangladeshi enclaves,
they will be given
choice to accept citizenship of either country. This swaping of land will affect West Bengal,
Tripura, Assam, Meghalaya.
Benefits: Will stop illegal intrusion in Indian border.
People living in these enclaves will be benefitted most.
$2 billion Line of Credit to Bangladesh given by India.
Line of credit is a soft loan. It can be repaid in 20 years time at low interest rates.
Will increase exports for India.
Will create jobs in India.
New transport routes: Kolkata-Dhaka-Agartala
Dhaka-Shilong-Guwahati

Benefits: Distance between Kolkata and Agaratala will reduce from around 1500km to 600km
Will help in development of northeast states, as trade will become easy.
Teesta Water Dispute
I n 1984 an agreement was signed between two countries regarding use of water from river.
As per this agreement
India can use 39% water while Bangladesh can use 36% water. And the remaining 25% is
subjected to distribution agreement between two countries, which is yet to be decided. Now
the dispute is that Bangladesh wants 50-50 share, but West Bengal C.M. is opposing it.
This matter is still pending.

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