ARTS

Fundamentals of Visual Arts

Elements of Art
Line
Shape and Form
Value
Color
Texture
Space
Principles of Design
Unity/ Harmony
Balance
Emphasis & Subordination
Proportion
Rhythm
Variety
Traditional Visual Arts
Drawing/
illustration
Painting
Etching
Sculpture
Etc.

Modern Visual Art

Digital Art
Animation/ Flash animation
Film
Web
-based videos
Etc.
The Nature of Art
Art is everywhere
Art and Expression and Communication
Art as Creation
Art and
experience
Art and Nature
Art and Beauty
Classifications of Visual Art
Two Dimensional (2D
Length x Width)
Three Dimensional (3D
L x W x H)
Traditional Mediums in Art
Pencil
Crayons
Water Color
Oil pastels

 Acrylic
Oil Paint
ELEMENT #1: The line
Line is man's own invention. It does not exist
in nature. The lines we "see" in nature are, onclose observation, veins of leaves, the joining of two
different surfaces, or the edges of objects.The artist uses lines to imitate or to representobjects and
figures on a flat surface.-straight-curved
Common Types of straight lines
Horizontal
Vertical
Diagonal
Zigzag
Broken
The Horizontal Line
Rest; Serenity; Perfectstability
The Vertical Line
Height; Poised & Stable;Strength; Power
The Diagonal Line
Movement; Emotion;Unrest/ uncertainty
Curved lines
Flow; Softness
Lines also define movement
ELEMENT #2: Shape
Geometric Shapes
Organic Shapes
ELEMENT #3: Value or Tone
The visual element of value or ton
e is, in itssimplest form, the juxtaposition of light anddark. It is defined as the lightness or darkness
inanything that is visible.

 In making a composition, always consider

your light source. The light source must be aconsistent factor in a drawing or painting.
Value creates an illusion of depth, and makes
an image seem more realistic.Chiaroscuro
(Italian for clear
-dark) is a term in art for acontrast between light and dark.
Value is also used to express emotion in a
composition.ELEMENT #4: Color
The science of color is sometimes called
chromatics
Color is an important part of human
expression.
It is derived from light, whether natural, like
sunlight, or artificial, like fluorescent light.
Under a weak light we see some color, but
under a bright light, we see more color.
Color is a series of wave lengths which strike
our retina.
Some objects do not have color.
Some are black, white or gray. These are not
present in the color spectrum. They do nothave any color quality.
They
are called Neutrals since they do notreflect any one distinct color.Black

reflects no light at all;White

reflects all colors;Gray

results from a partialreflection of lightFactors that affect color

Hue
Value
Saturation
Hue (hyoo/yoo)

is the quality which gives acolor its name.The colors of the spectrum are therefore calledhues.
When people talk about the color of
something, they are usually referring to the hueof that object.
All of the colors of the rainbow are actually
different hues in the visible spectrum of light.

 Value and Color

Value affects the lightness and darkness of ahue (ex. Dark yellow to light yellow)Saturation - Saturation
refers to the intensity of a hue.Framed in a triangular pattern, they are calledthe color triad.The color
formed out of the combination of twoprimaries is called a Secondary Color.There is actually no limit to the
number of intermediate colors we can form because thecolor produced will differ from that achieved
bymixing more yellow with greenColor RelationshipsColors gain intellectual and emotionalsignificance and a
sinuous quality only in termsof relationship with each other.For instance, the lemon pigment combinedwith
yellow green provides a soothingharmony; beside a violet, it produces avibrating contrasts.Each color
therefore should be observed interms of position in the color wheel.The greatest contrast in hue is
obtained byusing two colors opposite each other in thecolor wheel.In the secondary triad, although the
network isthe same as in the primary, the contrast issofter.This is because in any pair of the triad, there
isa common color. Orange and Green containYellow., orange and violet contain red, andgreen and violet
contain blue.Color Theories
Warm
colors and Cool Colors
Complementary Colors
Analogous colors
Warm colors vs. Cool colors
Warm colors advance.
Cool colors recede.
Warm colors are vivid and energetic, and tendto advance in spaceCool colors give an impression of calm,
andcreate a soothing impression
Warm colors are based on yellows, oranges,
browns, yellowish greens, orangish reds, andthe like.
Cool colors are based on blues, greens, pinks,
purples, blue-greens, magentas, and blue-based reds.Warm ColorsCool Colors2. Complementary Colors
Colors that are opposite each other on the
color wheel are considered to becomplementary colors (example: red andgreen).
Complementary colors exhibit strong visual
contrast.
Opposite Colors Create Drama
The high contrast of complementary colorscreates a vibrant look especially when used atfull saturation.
This color scheme must bemanaged well so it is not jarring.Complementary color schemes are tricky to
usein large doses, but work well when you wantsomething to stand out.Complementary colors are really
bad for text.Tips:Use a single warm color against a range of coolcolors to put an emphasis on the warm
color(red versus blues and blue-greens, or orangeversus blues and blue-violets).Avoid using desaturated
warm colors (e.g.browns or dull yellows), because this may ruinthe scheme.A complementary color scheme
is composed of 2 complementary hues.