NCJ Mar 2011

Volume 18 Issue 6 March 2011
and
Global Development Efforts For
Biomass Based Fuel
Chlorinated Polyethylene Product Profile77
Dedicated to the cause of chemical industries
NEGLECT OF OBVIOUS PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES WHY?
CARBON FIBRE - INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY
ETHYL SILICATE- PRODUCT PROFILE
CHLOROFORM - INDIAN AND GLOBAL SCENARIO
DIETHYL SULPHATE PRODUCT PROFILE
Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011
VOLUME XVIII
MARCH 2011
ISSUE 6
CONTENTS
Publisher:
Nandini Institute of Chemical Industries
03
Talk Of The Month

Neglect Of Obvious Project Opportunities Why?
Editor - Publisher
06
08
Chemical Industries In India And China Compared

Dupont And Dow Corning Announce R&D Plans In China
09
Global Oil Price Fluctuation And Its Implication

Proceedings Of The Brain Storming Session
12
New Investigative Publication On Global Oil Price Fluctuation

Why And How?
15
16
17
18
19
23
24
26
28
29
30
31
32
Indian Crude Oil Output Trend

Status Of ONGCs G1-CS15 Field In Andhra Pradesh
Need For Comprehensive Natural Gas Policy
Need For Natural Gas Pipeline Grid
Power Projects To Face Delays In Gas Allocation
Capacity Addition In Cement Industry
Progress Of Indian Biotech Sector
Fertiliser Subsidy Rationalisation Plans Facing Uncertainty
Kraft Paper Mills Facing Difficult Time
Synthetic Substitutes For Costly Commodities
Indias Approach To Phase Out HFCs
Recent Trends In Nanotechnology
Nanosheet Tech May Offer Mega Energy Gains
34
The Kyoto Protocol Expires In 2012

Need For Government Strategies
35
43
46
50
57
58
60
61
62
63
64
65
65
68
68
71
74
75
77
78
Carbon Fibre - Investment Opportunity

Ethyl Silicate- Product Profile
Diethyl Sulphate Product Profile
Chloroform - Indian And Global Scenario
Increasing Demand For Lithium Carbonate
Global Rare Earth Crisis
News Round Up International
News Round Up India
China News
Technology Development
Agro Chemical Page
Pharma Page
Chinese And Italian Drug Units Under Scanner
Energy Page
Extraction Of Oil Using Solar Energy Experimental Project In USA
Waste Water Management Using Eco Bio-Block
Price Details
Tender
New Projects International
Ask For The Chemical Facts Free
80
Chemicals Imported At Tuticorin Port

During The Month Of November 2010
N.S.Venkataraman
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Views expressed in this journal are

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Editor - Publisher
TALK OF THE MONTH

There is no doubt that Indian chemical industry today is marked by sort of
lethargic attitude and lack of enthusiasm for moving ahead. Truly, Indian
chemical industry is foregoing its earlier advantages, when India could
create large capacities in several areas of chemical sectors.
In the last few years, lackluster activities in new chemical projects in India
have inevitably driven the Indian chemical industry much behind the
developed countries and some countries in Asia and Middle East.
The above dismal scenario particularly becomes obvious, when one would
see the neighbour country China creating huge capacities in chemical
industries in multiple directions at astonishing pace.
It is particularly surprising that the government agencies do not appear to be
concerned about such scenario and particularly the Union Ministry of
Petrochemicals, Chemicals & Fertilisers appear to be least concerned.
In recent times, due to lack of adequate capacity creation for several basic
chemicals, India is increasingly importing many of the bulk chemicals such as
methanol, styrene, titanium dioxide, phenol, acetone etc.and the trend is
likely to continue. What is particularly distressing is that there is no reasons
or justification for such lethargic attitude and lack of enthusiasm amongst the
chemical project promoters in India.
Certainly, the concerned ministry in Government of India and the different
chemical industry associations have failed in their task of creating
appropriate climate of growth and development for chemical industries in the
country.
There appears to be some sort of fear and anxiety amongst the chemical
project promoters in India, that India now lacks competitive strength to set
up large chemical projects, since India has become vulnerable to
international price fluctuations and supply uncertainty with regard to
petroleum feedstock and natural gas. The precarious dependence of India for
its requirement of coal on imports in large quantity have also created some
sort of apprehension amongst the project promoters about futuristic energy
scenario.
Government of India certainly has to explain its inability to chalk out the
alternate feedstock and energy plans appropriate to the Indian needs and
strength and its lack of efforts to create confidence amongst investors. If the
Government of India can not take appropriate initiative to prepare such
action plans, who else can do this?

While India certainly has problems due to inadequate crude oil and natural
gas resources, there are many other options for India to promote investment
in chemical projects. There are many obvious project opportunities, which
are not being considered by the Indian investors, for whatever reasons.
Titanium dioxide
It is extremely difficult to explain as to why capacities are not being built for
production of titanium dioxide in India. India possesses more than 12% of
the total world resources of ilmenite, which is the starting material for the
production of titanium dioxide pigment. Chlorine which is the other raw
material for the production of titanium dioxide is also readily available in the
country. The global demand for titanium dioxide is now around 5.2 million
tonnes per annum and it is steadily going up at the rate of 4 to 5% per
annum. While Indias reserve of ilmenite constitute around 12% of the total
world reserves, Indian production of titanium dioxide is just less than one
percent of the total world production. The import of titanium dioxide in India
is steadily going up and it is now in the region of around 50,000 tonnes per
annum.
Sea Water Magnesia
In the same way, it is extremely difficult to
explain as to why capacities are not being built
for the production of sea water magnesia in the
country. The Indian import of dead burnt
magnesite ,which is used for refractory and
substitute material for sea water magnesia is
steadily going up due to depleting quality of
magnesite ore deposits. In India. There is no
constraint for building capacity for sea water
magnesia which is produced from sea brine
and finds application in the refractory sector.
Even as the Indian import of dead burnt
magnasite and sea water magnesia are
inevitably going up, the country is not taking
steps to meet its demand by indigenous
production.
Molasses based chemicals
Another glaring example for Indias lack of
positive mind set about the investments in
chemical projects in appropriate areas, is
the country ignoring the investment
opportunities in the field of cane molasses
based projects.

India is now second largest producer of sugar cane in the world after Brazil.
Plenty of cane molasses are available in India. Still cane molasses based
derivative products such as L-lysine, Citric acid, Mono Sodium Glutamate etc.
are entirely imported due to want of indigenous production.
Need for focus on non petrochemical areas

In the non petroleum based chemical projects, there are plenty of investment
opportunities for exploitation in India.
While the Indian project promoters may blame Indias lack of strength with
regard to petrochemical feedstock, the main thrust area for the project
promoters should be to involve themselves is non petrochemical sectors.
INDIAN BUDGET IGNORES IMPENDING ENERGY CRISIS

With around 90% of Indian crude oil requirement (around 180 million tonnes per annum)
now being met by imports and with the spiralling crude oil price , there is severe energy
crisis waiting to happen in India.
To overcome the crisis, India urgently needs an appropriate energy plan in tune with the
country's strength and opportunities.
The option for India to overcome the impending crude oil crisis would be to focus on
algae based and jatropha based bio fuel.
Billions of dollars are presently being pumped in by several multinational companies
abroad
and governments in advanced acountries in developing technology for
optimising the production of algae biofuel from the point of view of the cost and yield.
They hope to introduce algae biofuel in a big way before 2020.
Algae contains oil many times more than that of conventional biofuel source such as
corn. India has appropriate climatic and soil conditions to grow algae in a very big way.
India has to set up dedicated research and development centres with time bound action
plan to optimise the yield and production cost of algae and jatropha biofuel, for use in
the country.
Finance Minister ought to have allotted atleast Rs.1000 crores towards such R&D
activities, that would have provided an opportunity to Indian scientists and technologists
to create appropiate energy options for India.
A letter was sent to Union Finance Minister and Petroleum Minister in this regard some
time back but the letter was not even acknowledged. Possibly, the Ministry of
Petrochemicals has also not urged the Finance Ministry to allot funds for such
appropriate R&D activity.
Even now, it is not late and the Finance Minister should examine the feasibiity of making
such provision in the budget and give a thrust to the energy research sector in the
country.
CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
IN INDIA AND CHINA COMPARED
It is well known that the size of chemical industries in China is larger than
that of India. The growth of chemical industries in China is also higher
than that of chemical units in India. It therefore, implies that India stands
no comparison with China today, as far as the size of the chemical
industries and its growth are concerned.
Then, where is the need to compare the chemical industries in India and
China?
The desire to compare the chemical units in

India and China largely arise from the fact
that the opportunities for growth of
chemical industries available for both the
countries are huge. It is therefore,
appropriate to compare and analyse as to
how these two countries have exploited
such opportunities in the recent past. From
this point of view, many things could be
said as to how India has missed the
opportunities, while China has effectively
utilized them .
While the strength and opportunities as well as weakness and threat facing
the chemical industries in every region could be different due to combination
of regional, cultural, geographical and political factors, the approach to the
issues and attitude towards challenges in the particular prevailing conditions,
make the difference between progress and lack of it between the regions.
Analyzing from such point of view, one cannot but find glaring difference in
the attitude and approach between the governments and investors in China
compared to the the attitude and approach of the governments and investors
in India.
It is often said that strict government control on events and happenings that
are enforced in China can not be done in India, due to the democratic set up
prevailing in India. Many believe that several pro active policies could not be
implemented in India by the government due to the protests, agitations and
opposition from one segment or the other. Government of India can not
handle such protests in the manner that are done in China. But are these
reasons adequate justification for Indias lack of thrust and progress in
chemical industries compared to China?
CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA AND CHINA COMPARED

The biggest and most positive aspect of the investment climate for chemical
industries in China are the huge confidence level that China have been able
to build amongst the multi national companies based in western Europe and
Northern America, about the long term stability of China and
the
co operation that they could get from chemical industries and government in
China. Such building up of confidence have brought forth huge investments
into China in recent years.
Certainly, Indian government and Indian chemical industries have not been
able to match the China units in this aspect.
Another aspect that is very conspicuous about the management attitude of
chemical industries in China is their level of aggressive approach to product
marketing around the world. Their enthusiasm to sell the products and reach
the consumers all over the world appear to be unmatched by any other
country in the world.
Of course, the product marketing capability is the single most decisive factor
in the success of any enterprise. With such aggressive approach, it is no
surprise that chemical industries in China have been forging ahead, even in
the present global melt down and recessionary conditions.
In the past, a view prevailed amongst several people around the world that
there was indiscriminate capacity expansion by chemical industries in China
without adhering environmental requirements and quality standards of the
products. While this suspicion was true to some extent, such conditions have
been largely overcome now. The Chinese government and regulators in China
are tightening the implementing of environment laws as in many other
countries in the world and they have not hesitated to close down the units
which cause pollution. Several chemical units in India also face
environmental problems and some units have been closed down in India
also. Therefore, it has to be seen that approach to environmental issues
have not been made any different between India and China. The progress of
chemical industries in China are after overcoming such environmental issues.
In India, manufacturing capacity creation are substantially coming down in
recent times due to several factors including petrochemical feedstock
constraint, import dumping and technology sourcing problems. Indian R&D
efforts are still at inadequate level and do not match the challenges of the
times. In such aspects, the chemical Industries in China certainly have fared
better.
Indigenous technology efforts in China are commendable,
particularly
viewed from the fact that chemical industries in China have opened up to
global competitiveness only around two decades back.
DUPONT AND DOW CORNING ANNOUNCE

R&D PLANS IN CHINA
DuPont and Dow Corning have announced separate investments to boost
their R&D capabilities at Shanghai.
DuPont will double the size of its R&D center at the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park
(Shanghai) to meet rapidly increasing demand for new materials used in
photovoltaics, biobased products, and automotive applications in Asia/Pacific.
The expansion will also add about 200 science and technology jobs in the
next two years.
Dow Corning has opened a $50-million business and technology center, also
at the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park. The unit will focus on new applications and
products for Chinas fastest growing industries, including automotive,
construction and infrastructure development, electronics, personal care and
solar power.
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GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BRAIN STORMING SESSION
ORGANISED BY
CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, CHENNAI
AT CHENNAI ON 2ND MARCH 2011
Chemical Industries Association, a Chennai based apex body of chemical
industries all over India organised a brain storming session on Crude oil price
fluctuation and its implication at Chennai on 2nd March 2011.
The session was attended by 22 delegates from the cross section of
industries including organizations such as Shasun Chemicals Ltd.,
Tube Investments India Ltd., Pure Chemicals Ltd., Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd.
and others.
Mr.Swaminathan Venkataraman, Director, Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte. Ltd.,
Singapore and Dr.D.M.Mohunta, Consultant Technologist, presented papers
on global crude oil price fluctuation and its implication. The presentations
were aided with tables, charts and indepth analysis of the scenario.
Mr.P.K.N.Panicker,
President,
Chemical
Mr.N.S.Venkataraman, Director, Nandini
Chennai conducting the proceedings.
Industries
Association
and
Consultancy Centre Pvt.Ltd.,
The highlights of proceedings of the brain storming session are provided

below:
Price increase
The crude oil price increase in global market have not been due to any
significant increase in cost of production of crude but the price has been
dictated by the demand supply trends, regional unrest and related political
developments. Therefore, the oil price is largely speculative and the trend
would continue.
Increase in demand
During the last few years, the demand for crude has substantially increased
in countries like China and India, which resulted in increase in global demand
at the rate of around one million barrel per day. This steep increase has
resulted in high capacity utilization of the crude oil industry with the demand
level almost reaching the capacity level.
GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION PROCEEDINGS
Tight supply scenario

There is not much scope for further increase in crude oil production capacity
immediately, until major exploration efforts or new discoveries such as the
recent discovery in Brazil would materialise and commence commercial
operation.
Under the circumstances, there is bound to be tight supply situation for
crude oil in the global market, which is likely to continue, until the production
would increase by renewed exploration efforts and new discoveries of oil
fields.
The politically sensitive OPEC countries such as Egypt, Venezuela, Libya,
Nigeria, Iran, Iraq, produce substantial percentage of the world total crude
oil requirements.
In the situation of tight supply, even any marginal short fall in production in
the above regions would lead to huge increase in price of the crude. This
appears to be an inevitable condition.
Falling confidence in US dollar
Apart from the demand supply scenario, the debt ridden conditions of the US
economy and fall in the value of US dollar have resulted in loss of confidence
in the stability of US dollar around the world. Therefore, the buyers and
speculators are resorting to forward trading in a big way to protect the value
of their money and investments and as a result of the huge forward trading
not only the price of crude but also other products such as copper, platinum,
gold, etc. are increasingly steeply.
Futuristic price scenario
Under the circumstances, the price of crude oil would go up in the near
future. It is likely that the price would largely remain at around US$100 to
US$120 per barrel, as any price above this level, would lead to severe
economic recession once again, that will affect the global economy and the
economy of OPEC countries as well.
Historical oil price fluctuation in recent times indicate that global economic
recession has always been preceded by steep increase in crude oil price. In
the past, when the crude oil price increased beyond the affordable level,
consumers resisted the higher price, resulting in slowing down of global
economy and consequent recession.
10
GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION PROCEEDINGS
Indias predicament
At present, import of crude oil in India contributes to around 90% of the
Indian requirement. With the near static production level of crude oil in India
and increasing demand, Indian imports of crude oil would increase to around
95% of its Indian requirement by 2016.
In such circumstances, India is facing vulnerable and explosive crude oil
scenario.
Indian options
The only option for India is to urgently develop an alternate energy model
and reduce its dependence on import of crude oil as much as possible.
This would be possible only by developing alternate fuels such as algae based
fuel and jatropha based biofuel, that are appropriate to the Indian
conditions..
Unfortunately, Indian jatropha oil industry is in doldrums today.
While several multinational companies are investing millions of US dollars in
developing technology for algae based fuel in advanced countries, little
efforts have been initiated in India so far. Countries like Denmark are
working towards achieving a state of non oil dependent economy.
The concern
The brain storming session expressed concern about the Indian crude oil
scenario and expressed anxiety about the Government of India not paying
adequate attention to research and development efforts for developing
technology, that would pave way for commercial exploitation of algae based
fuel and jatropha based biofuel which are appropriate to the country.
The brain storming session also expressed concern that in the budget for the
year 2011-2012, even Rs.1000 crores have not been allotted for carrying out
time bound research and development efforts on algae and jatropha biofuel,
in dedicated R & D centres created for the purpose. It was pointed out that
the Indian scientists and technologists have the knowledge level and
capability to develop algae based and jatropha based biofuel appropriate to
the need, if they would be given the opportunity and encouragement by
Government of India.
11
NEW INVESTIGATIVE PUBLICATION

ON
GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION
WHY AND HOW?
Singapore based Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte. Ltd., has now released an
investigative
and
research
oriented
publication
on
Global Oil Price Fluctuation Why And How?, that would provide
clarity on the global oil price trend and behaviour, to the millions of
investors, professionals and consumers around the world,
The book discusses the causes for uncertainty in oil price and the likely
futuristic scenario, with number of tables and charts with explanatory
notes and investigative analysis.The content is enclosed.
Author
Mr.Swaminathan Venkataraman is a Chemical Engineer and MBA from
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA), India with over
twelve years of experience in management functions in global
multinational organizations in Europe and Singapore. Mr.Swaminathan
Venkataraman is presently Director of Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte.
Ltd., Singapore.
Price & Delivery: US $50 (US Dollars Fifty Only). The payment can be
made via wire transfer or credit card.
The publication would be sent in the form of hard copy and CD within
five days on receipt of the order along with the payment. We look
forward to your valued order for the publication.
For further details, please contact:
SWAMINATHAN VENKATARAMAN,
DIRECTOR.
NANDINI CONSULTANCY (S) PTE.LTD.,
Tel : +65-6827 4510,
Mobile : +65-9112 2166,
E-mail :swaminathan.v@nandinichemical.com,
info@nandinichemical.com
NEW INVESTIGATIVE PUBLICATION ON

GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION WHY AND HOW?
CONTENTS
SECTION I
Introduction
SECTION II
History of oil prices
Oil price benchmarks & how do they work ?

World energy requirement and projections
Oil price history - Period 1947 to 2011
US petroleum consumption and price trend
Price drivers for crude oil
SECTION III
Crude Oil demand situation
Crude oil demand (estimates by different agencies )

Crude oil demand Countrywise
OECD vs non-OECD demand till 2015
Regionwise oil demand growth
Oil demand growth Chinas contribution
SECTION IV
Oil price supply situation
World oil supply capacity growth

OPEC supplies ( 1973 2009 )
Non OPEC supplies ( 1973 2009 )
Global production and spare capacity in OPEC countries
Worlds proven oil reserves
Expected incremental change in OPEC capacity
Non- OPEC supply capacity projection
Non- OPEC supply Change by country
Unconventional sources of oil
SECTION V
Impact of speculation on oil prices
SECTION VI
Population, GDP and energy intensity
Geopolitical issues
SECTION VII
Macro currency issues and its impact on oil price
SECTION VIII
Can oil price be regulated ?
SECTION IX
How is the world planning to tackle the issue ?
SECTION X
Indian Crude Oil predicament
SECTION IX
PROGNOSIS
Size of the publication

1 :
75 pages
13
NANDINI CONSULTANCY (S) PTE.LTD.,

SINGAPORE
Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte. Ltd., Singapore provides services to

chemical and allied industries all over the world in market
research,export
trade
promotion,
technology
appraisal,
identification of project opportunities for investment and data
base services.
Nandini Consultancy, Singapore is the overseas arm of Nandini
Consultancy Centre, India, a renowned firm of chemical engineers
and project consultants based at Chennai, serving the chemical
industry for over 20 years.
Based in Singapore, a global trading hub and regional
headquarters to over a thousand MNCs, Nandini Consultancy is
well positioned to provide services to Indian chemical industries
in global market research, technology sourcing, export promotion
of products and in formulating international marketing
strategies.NANDINIs clients include several leading Indian and
Multinational companies in the chemical and allied industry
sector.
Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte. Ltd.,
105, Cecil Street, 0601, The Octagon,
Singapore 069534Office: +65-6827 4510,
Mobile : +65-9112 2166,
Fax : +65-6827 9601
E-mail: swaminathan.v@nandinichemical.com
14
INDIAN CRUDE OIL OUTPUT TREND

The Economic Survey for the year 201011 says that crude oil output during the
current fiscal is expected to be 12.67%
per cent higher than the previous year,
and natural gas production is projected
to be up 12.80 per cent.
The production of crude oil is estimated
at 37.96 million tonne (33.69 million
tonnes ) and the natural gas production
including coal bed methane (CBM) for
2010-11 is 53.59 billion cubic metre
(BCM), against 47.51 BCM in 2009-10.
According to the survey, the increase in natural gas production is primarily

due to production from Reliance Industries operated Krishna Godavari Basin
deepwater block. Gas production from KG-D6, which began on April 1,2009,
may hit peak output of 80 mscmd in 2012-13.
The current production from D6 field is about 53 mscmd. Current Coal Based
Methane production is at about one lakh cubic metres a day.
Rajasthan Oil Block
Crude oil production by the Rajasthan oil block (RJ-ON-90/1) operated by
Cairn India was about 3.12 million tonnes up to November 2010. Production
from this block is about 125,000 barrels a day.
Touching upon the equity oil and gas abroad, the survey says, In view of
unfavourable demand-supply balance of hydrocarbons in India, acquiring
equity oil and gas overseas is one of the important components of enhancing
energy security. The Government is encouraging national oil companies to
aggressively pursue equity oil and gas opportunities overseas.
The total investment by oil PSUs (OVL, OIL, GAIL, IOC, BPCL and HPCL)
overseas is more than $ 13 billion (Rs.59,000 crore), the survey said.
The countrys oil refining capacity is estimated to touch 185.40 million tonnes
by April, 1,2011, and 238.96 million tonnes
by the end of 2011-12.
15
STATUS OF ONGCS G1-CS15 FIELD IN ANDHRA PRADESH

ONGC expects the G1-GS15 offshore
field in Bay of Bengal to come into
production by April-May, -five years
behind schedule, and at a higher cost
than estimated.
Located 20 km off the amalapuram
coast in Andhra Pradesh, the field is
slated to produce at a peak rate of
2.7 million standard cubic metre of
gas and 9,400 barrels of associated
oil a day.
G1 and GS15 are two marginal fields
being developed together.
Of the
two, G1 is a deepwater field, 20 km
from the shore line and GS15 is a
shallow water field.
Gas was
scheduled to start flowing from the
integrated field way back in April
2006, at an estimated cost of
Rs.1,200 crore.
The project is significant for more than one reason. Firstly, G1 is the first
deepwater field to be developed by ONGC. Secondly, the project envisaged
intensive use of new age oil production technology, requiring limited human
intervention.
Most importantly, the field was slated to produce the first non-APM
(administered pricing mechanism) gas for ONGC.
However, the development programme had run into rough weather from the
word go, leading up to legal contest with the erstwhile project contractor,
Clough Engineering of Australia. The legal complications were finally settled
in 2010, paving the way for the development of the field.
While the revised cost estimates of the G1-GS-15 are not known, it appears
that ONGC decided to complete the project at a much higher cost than
originally envisaged. The rate of return will be diluted.
Last December, ONGC awarded a Rs.80-crore contract to Leighton India, for
completion of offshore installations.
16
NEED FOR COMPREHENSIVE NATURAL GAS POLICY

In its judgment on the Ambani dispute, the Supreme Court has said
that the Government of India must come out with a comprehensive
policy on natural gas.
Companies that discover oil enjoy a tax holiday but the same is not
true for gas. When companies drill, they find either oil or gas or both.
It seems unfair that those who discover oil get a tax benefit and those
who discover gas do not.
Allocation policy lacks logic

The allocation policy of gas from
the K-G basin, as formulated by
the
empowered
group
of
ministers, leaves it open to
interpretation.
For example, within a subsector, if there are competing
requirements, who gets the
priority?
For a project to be bankable, gas supply needs to be assured. In some cases,

the argument has been turned on its head: first build the project, and then
we will see if gas can be allocated. This is illogical.
The system needs to
downstream investment.
be
made
more
transparent
and
encouraging
Need for natural gas grid

There is a view that for a gas market to develop, a national gas grid with
trading hubs has to be developed.
But for a commercial entity to put up a gas pipeline (leave alone a national
grid)there has to be an assurance of supply, consumption and a reasonable
pipeline tariff. It would seem more logical for individual pipelines to develop
over time to be eventually linked to organically form a grid, instead of
building a gas grid in anticipation of supply .
17
NEED FOR COMPREHENSIVE NATURAL GAS POLICY

Role of regulator
The role of regulator too needs to be looked into.
The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act gives the board limited
powers and even these have caused a turf war between the government and
the board, leading to delays.
While, the PNGRB Act was notified on October 1, 2007, section 16 was not
notified. The section authorises the regulator to approve laying, building,
operating or expanding a city or local natural gas distribution network.
Though the board had issued licences in six cities, it could not proceed with
the bids for seven other cities following a restraint order by the Delhi High
Court. The Union law ministry subsequently cleared a petroleum ministry
proposal to notify section 16.
Apart from preventing such long delays, there is a need to give more teeth to
the regulator if it is to function effectively.
Tariff
Meanwhile, in a positive development that the PNGRB has announced revised
zone-wise tariffs for the main HBJ transmission pipeline and the newly
constructed East West gas pipeline.
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18
NEED FOR NATURAL GAS PIPELINE GRID

The Government Of India is working on
a regulatory regime for shale gas
exploration. India must also develop a
gas transportation network if it is to
exploit
its
shale
gas
potential
optimally.
What is important is that areas
commercially exploitable shale
reserves should be identified
connected with a pipeline network
priority basis.
with
gas
and
on a
India has not paid due attention to developing a pipeline network because of
the domestic gas scarcity. The poor pipeline system has now become a
serious obstacle to implementing the government's plan to encourage the
consumption of natural gas.
LNG imports have helped India cut the gap in demand and supply of natural
gas in recent years. However, plans to step up LNG imports are constrained
by inadequate pipeline network. Now the risk is that India's ambitious plan to
boost its energy security by undertaking shale gas exploration might also trip
over the pipeline constraint.
Availability of transportation infrastructure is the key to the viability of shale
gas production.
That aside, transportation infrastructure is also a critical factor in creating a
competitive gas market. In the absence of a well-developed transportation
network, consumers have little choice.
GAIL and some private companies are involved in laying cross-country
pipelines. However, the development of basic gas pipeline infrastructure
cannot be left to entities operating on commercial considerations. They are
unlikely to lay pipeline in areas where there is not much demand. The
government should come forward to shoulder the responsibility of developing
basic gas transportation infrastructure rather depend on corporates.
The government has envisaged a national gas highway authority to develop
cross-country gas pipelines. But unfortunately, there is not much progress in
implementing the proposal. Besides, the government also needs to offer
fiscal incentives to encourage shale gas production in the same way as it
provides for non-conventional energy sources like solar and wind.
19
POWER PROJECTS TO FACE DELAYS IN GAS ALLOCATION

The Government of India plans to further prune the list of power projects
identified for priority allocation of domestic gas in the wake of perceived
shortage in production, especially from Reliance Industries KrishnaGodavari D6 block.
The move could impact the fortunes of 10 power projects including
those of the biggest players in the sector like Reliance Power, Torrent,
Lanco, GMR and GSPC which featured in the priority list of the power
ministry last year.
All these companies have committed to complete their respective projects
in record time, by the end of 11th Plan, to get allocation of domestic gas.
With output from domestic gas sources falling below expectations, the
ministry is re-drawing the list. RILs KG D6 block, which was supposed to
generate 80 mmscmd of gas this year, has reduced production to below 60
mmscmd.
The ministry of power has
asked all the companies on
its priority list to provide
specific time frames by which
their plants would get final
environmental
clearance.
Based on this information,
the ministry proposes to
remove a few projects from
the initial priority list which
will
be
given
to
the
petroleum ministry for gas
allocation.
Those projects whose environment clearance process has either not begun or
are at a very initial stage could be dropped from the priority list.
The group of ministers (GoM) on gas allocation had provided fuel linkages to
existing and stranded power and fertliser plants based on this level of output
in 2009. With production of gas falling below the expected levels, even these
projects are finding hard to get their full quota of gas.
20

On an expected output of 60 mmscmd from D6, the government has already
made firm allocation of 63.715 mmscmd. Now, the power sector gets 31.1
mmscmd and the fertiliser sector gets 15.5 mmscmd, while the rest goes to
sectors like petrochemicals and city gas distribution....
The GoM is expected to meet again now to allocate gas to the next set of
customers (new power plants and other fertiliser units). But its meeting was
postponed several times last year as there is no clarity on gas availability for
allocation to new projects.
Project of priority list companies
On its part, the power ministry has already got the projects of priority list
companies examined by Central Electricity Authority (CEA) to ascertain their
level of preparedness for completion by March, 2012. In a recent report
presented to the power ministry, CEA said that while work on all 10 projects
is moving quickly, a few projects were progressing slowly. The delay in
getting environment clearances and scheduling equipment supply could push
projects to the 12th Plan period.
Projects awaiting for gas allocation
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Reliance Power: Samalkot

RVK:Godavari (E)
Panduranga: Godavari (W)
GSPC Pipavav
GMR Vemagiri
Gujarat State Energy Generation Hazira
Pragati Power Bawana Power project
Lanc: Kondapalli
Kashipur Uttarkhand
Torrent power: Dahej
Reliance Industries Ltd

As per the CEA report, Reliance Powers 2400 MW Samalkot project in
Andhra Pradesh has made impressive progress with its 1200 MW units
already getting environment clearance. Clearance for its remaining 1200 MW
is expected shortly, with TOR already cleared. Equipment has been ordered
and the company is in full possession of land needed for the project.
RVK Energy
But RVK Energy is yet to get MoEF clearance for its 436 MW gas project in
Andhra Pradesh, with CEA noting that strict monitoring will have to be done
to complete the project during the 11th Plan period.
21

Panduranga project
Similarly, the 100 MW Panduranga project has secured clearance for its
project from state-level environment impact assessment authority, but is yet
to get it approved by MoEF.
Torrent Power
One of the units of the 1200 MW DGEN project of Torrent Power also needs
MoEF nod. Apart from the projects mentioned earlier, private sector power
utilities awaiting gas supply for their new projects include...
GSPCs 700 MW Pipavav power project, Gujarat State Energy Generation
Ltds 350 MW project at Hazira, Pragati Power Corporations 1,000 MW
Bawana power project, Lancos 740 MW Kondapalli Phase III, GMRs Vemagiri
expansion project, Uttarakhands Kashipur project. In all, the 10 projects
need about 30 mmscmd of gas to run plants at 70-75% of capacity. The
government has projected that gas availability will increase from present 142
mmscmd to 152 mmscmd by 2011-12 and further to 186 mmscmd.
ALL INDIA ESSAY COMPETITION FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS
ON
INDIAS ENERGY NEEDS AND OPTIONS BY 2020
CONDUCTED BY NANDINI CHEMICAL JOURNAL
Indias energy needs are steadily going up but the energy generation is not being
stepped up in tune with the growth in demand . There are serious feedstock
issues facing energy plants. India has to work out its appropriate action plan in
tune with the countrys strength to tackle its energy needs and avoid energy
crisis by 2020.
The objective of the competition is to encourage the college students to think on
the subject and provide them an opportunity to give their views and suggestions
for the consideration of the government and industries.
Details of the competition :
Size of the essay :
Language:
Eligibility:
Prize:
Maximum 2000 words

English
College student studying at UG and PG level
Best five entries would be selected for award
Last date for submission of the essay:
30th March 2011
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22
CAPACITY ADDITION IN CEMENT INDUSTRY

The cement industry is expected to add
23.3 million tonnes of capacity in 201112 with the southern region accounting
for a lion's share of 9.2 million tonnes.
The East is next with 4.1 million tonnes
while the north will see 3.7 million tonnes
being added. The western and central
regions are not too far behind with 3.3
million tonnes and 3 million tonnes each.
This fiscal, cement companies have added 24 million tonnes till October with another
20.9 million tonnes scheduled to be wrapped up by the end of this fiscal.
In the process, the cement capacity in India will be 301.6 million tonnes, up from 257
million tonnes in 2009-10.
Capacity utilisation
The industry's capacity utilisation currently hovers around 78 per cent, down from
87 percent last fiscal. It may fall to 77 per cent in 2011-12.
Demand trend
Factoring in the moderate 5 per cent increase in sales in the first half coupled with the
average GDP growth estimate of 7.5 per cent in the next two years, the demand for
cement may at best rise to about 9.5 per cent, said a company official. The fall in
demand during the last few months has largely been due to the slowdown in the housing
sector which accounts for about 65 per cent of cement consumption. Real estate
companies had to go slow on projects as bank borrowings have turned costly.
Demand for cement from sectors such as road, railways, ports and power projects is
expected to improve with the Centre planning to invest about Rs 4,60,000 crore in the
twelfth Plan (2012-17).
Company
Chettinad Cement
Madras Cement
Kaypee Group
JSW Steel
SAIL-JP Associates
Birla Corp
Century Textiles
Jaypee Group
Biral Corpo
Mangalam Cement
ABG
JK Lakshmi Cement
Century Textiles
Region
South
South
South
South
East
East
East
North
North
North
West
Central
Central
Capacity addition (million tonnes)

2.2
2
3.5
1.5
2
0.6
1.5
1
1.2
1.5
3.3
0.5
2.5
23
PROGRESS OF INDIAN BIOTECH SECTOR

Global biotech market is close to $300 billion with several fragmented
players. But massive consolidation drive has already begun due to dry
discovery pipelines of incumbent pharma players.
Sanofi taking over Genzyme for $20 billion is the most recent example.
Though, at present, Indias share in the global biotech segment is very
small, but by 2020 it is expected to increase substantially.
From the Indian standpoint, the size of the biotech industry as of 2010 was
about $3 billion and this is poised to grow five times more by 2015.
Structure
industry
of
Indian
biotech
At present, segment broadly

comprises of bio-generics, biopharma,
contract
research
(CRAMS), bio-agriculture, bioindustrial and bio-informatics. Biopharma sector contributes about
60% of the total revenues.
Also, the country is one of the
largest vaccine producers in the
world and key player in the
affordable healthcare space.
Reforms in biotech regulations globally will enable domestic players to
fiercely compete in the bio-generics market which is close to $70 billion
(from drugs coming off patent) and this is likely to trigger more mergers &
acquisitions.
Demand drivers
At present, Indias share in the global biotech segment is very small.
However, due to several advantages, the country is likely to catapult its
share to 15% by 2020. One of the key advantages is its bio-diversity.
The country has one of the largest agriculture sectors in the world, and
varied climatic zones that can help in research and development of different
agri-biotech products applicable worldwide.
24
PROGRESS OF INDIAN BIOTECH SECTOR

Heterogeneous patient population, a large English speaking population,
largest number of Food and Drug Administration approved plants outside the
US are some of the advantages. In medicine, this field has become an
integral part in diagnostics, gene therapy, clinical and contract research and
trials, bioactive therapeutic, stem cell research, genetic engineering and in
the development and production of new drugs for treating various life
threatening diseases.
Initiatives of the government
There are several initiatives taken by central and state governments.
Department of biotechnology has BIPP and SBIRI schemes in addition to
several other funding avenues. State governments have set up their own
venture capital to fund bright start-ups. Also, many philanthropic funding
avenues such as Gates Foundation, TB Alliance, Wellcome-DBT Trust are
likely to boost innovation.
Plans of Evolva Biotech
Evolva Biotech is a cutting edge synthetic biology company with diversified
applications in many avenues that can improve human wellbeing.
Evolvas Synthetic biology is all about creation of artificial pathways and
organisms that does not occur presently. The companys business model
rests on partnering innovative projects with key players in each of the
domains.
Evolvas drug pipeline has relevance to a number of diseases prevalent in this
region. This includes a broad area from TB to Onychomychosis to Dengue
and Malaria. Evolvas molecules have tremendous application here.
Since there are no players in India in the synthetic biology segment, a lot of
the competition has to come only from very developed countries like the US.
This in a way puts Evolvas Indian operations ahead of the curve. We have
recently announced our collaboration with Roche on novel cancer and antiinfective targets; with International Flavours and Fragrances (IFF) on bioflavours.
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25
FERTILISER SUBSIDY RATIONALISATION PLANS

FACING UNCERTAINTY
The Department of Fertilisers of Government of India had, on November 19,
announced sharp cuts in subsidy rates on individual nutrients nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P), potash (P) and sulphur (S) that go into various non-urea
fertilisers, with these effective from April 1, 2011 (i.e., the ensuing fiscal).
The concession on N was slashed to Rs
20.111 a kg (from Rs 23.227), with
these correspondingly being lowered
from Rs 26.276 to Rs 20.304 for P,
from Rs 24.487 to Rs 21.386 for K and
from Rs 1.784 to Rs 1.175 for K.
If the proposed subsidy rates were to
be implemented from the coming
fiscal, the concession payable to
companies on di-ammonium phosphate
(DAP) containing 18 per cent N and
46 per cent P would stand reduced
from Rs 16,268 to Rs 12,960 a tonne.
Similarly, for muriate of potash (MOP, with 60 per cent K), the subsidy would
fall from Rs 14,692 to Rs 12,831, just as it would for other fertilisers covered
under the nutrient-based subsidy (NBS) regime instituted from the current
fiscal.
But with the hardening of international prices it looks certain that the
proposed higher subsidy rates will not take effect from 2011-12
The NBS rates for the current fiscal were benchmarked to landed prices of
urea (for N), DAP (for P), MOP (for K) sulphur (for S), which were taken at
$310, $500, $370 and $190 a tonne, respectively. For arriving at the 201112 NBS rates, the benchmark global prices were assumed at lower levels of
$280, $450, $350 and $125 a tonne.
These rates were totally unrealistic vis--vis the prevailing international
prices. Imported urea today will not land at below $ 400 a tonne, while it
would be $620 for DAP, $420 for MOP and $220 for sulphur.
If the concession rates are set way below these levels and companies are
also not allowed to charge higher farm-gate prices, there will be no incentive
to import. That could impact availability for the new kharif planting season.
The situation could be serious in DAP, where not a single grain has been
contracted so far.
26
FERTILISER SUBSIDY RATIONALISATION PLANS FACING UNCERTAINTY

Keeping these in view, a Group of Ministers under the Union Finance Minister,
is understood to have raised the benchmark prices for computing the NBS
rates for 2011-12 to $350 a tonne for urea, $580 for DAP, $390 for MOP and
$180 for sulphur.
Based on the revised benchmark prices, the new NBS rates (which are yet to
be notified) are likely to be Rs 27.366 a kg for N, Rs 29.372 for P, Rs 24.577
for K and Rs 1.69 for S. The subsidy on each tonne of DAP and MOP sold
would, accordingly, work out to Rs 18,437 and Rs 14,746. These are higher
than even the existing levels and would, in turn, translate into increased
fertiliser subsidy outgo for the Centre.
Fertiliser Subsidy Rates
Di-Ammonium Phosphate
Mono-Ammonium Phosphate
Triple Super Phosphate
Muriate of Potash
Single Super Phosphate
16:20:0:13
20:20:0:13
23:23:0:0
23:23:0:0
28:28:0:0
10:26:26:0
12:32:16:0
14:28:14:0
14:35:14:0
15:15:15:0
15:15:15:9
16:16:16:0
16:44:0:0
17:17:17:0
19:19:19:0
24:24:0:0
Ammonium Sulphate
01.04.2010
16,268
16,219
12,087
14,692
4,400
9,203
10,133
9,901
11,386
13,861
15,521
15,114
14,037
15,877
11,099
11,259**
11,838
12,578
14,058
11,881**
5,195
01.04.2011*
12,960
12,770
9,340
12,831
3,378
7,431
8,236
8,083
9,295
11,316
12,850
12,332
11,495
12,916
9,270
9,376
9,888
12,152
10,506
11,742
9,700
4,413
01.04.2011+
18,437
18,284
13,511
14,746
4,885
10,473
11,567
11,348
13,050
15,887
16,763
16,615
15,496
17,552
12,197
12,349
13,010
17,302
13,824
15,450
13,617
6,026
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27
KRAFT PAPER MILLS FACING DIFFICULT TIME

The kraft paper mills in South
India, which provide direct and
indirect employment to over 3
lakh people are severely hit by
not only the spiraling input
costs, but also the shortage in
raw materials.
As a result, the mills would be
forced to increase the selling
price of the kraft paper, by
Rs.2000
to
Rs.3,000
per
tonne.
The kraft paper mills in South India, which provide direct and indirect
In view of the steep increase in the input costs, the industry body is also
urging the Union Government to abolish customs duty of 5.2 percent and
countervailing duty of 4 percent to help them keep their heads above water.
There are about 100 kraft paper mills in South India, producing over 10 lakh
tonnes of kraft paper, annually. The cost per tonne of imported raw material
has increased from about Rs.9,700 to over Rs.16,400 i.e. 69 percent and the
cost of raw material in the local markets has increased from Rs.6,200 to
Rs.10,200 (64 percent) per tonne, during the last 12 months.
Besides, the cost of chemicals, power and other input materials have also
followed the suit. In addition, due to continuous power cuts, the financial cost
has also gone by 3 percent, due to poor capacity utilization.
While the mills across India have been forced to increase their product prices
by Rs.7,000 to Rs.7,250 per tonne, the mills in the South have increased the
prices only by Rs.3,500 to Rs.4,000 per tonne (from February 2010 to
December 2010), about 20 percent of the price level that prevailed during
October 2009, he said.
But this trend cannot continue due to the adverse raw material market
scenario. The mills are severely fighting against the odds and are driven to
increase the Kraft paper price as stated above, in order to fund the
procurement of the raw material, at the prices unforeseen.
Since the indigenous procedure of fibre collection is not optimal, there is a
severe shortage of raw material in the local market and hence, the Indian
Kraft paper mills have to import raw material from other countries.
28
SYNTHETIC SUBSTITUTES FOR COSTLY COMMODITIES

Skyrocketing commodity prices have spurred user industries to opt for
cheaper synthetic substitutes.
Turmeric
High turmeric prices have made natural
curcumin (turmeric extract) expensive,
leading to the development of synthetic
substitutes. The cost of synthetic curcumin
is 30 to 40% lower than the natural ones.
Natural curcumin prices have shot up from
$30 to 40 per kg to $180 per kg before
dropping to around $125 per kg.
Synthetic rubber
Rubber-based
industries
consumption of synthetic rubber has
been increasing due to the sustained
rise in the prices of natural rubber.
The tyre industry used synthetic
rubber instead of natural rubber in
27% of its total consumption in 200809 and the share of synthetic rubber
has risen to 33% in 2010-11. Natural
rubber prices, which were in the
range of Rs.100-115 per kg in April
2008, have touched Rs.240 per kg
this month.
The two main forms of synthetic rubber used by the industry are the Styrene Butadiene
Rubber (SBR) and Poly Butadiene Rubber (PBR). The prices of these two products,
made through crude refining, were at Rs.110 per kg and Rs.124 per kg respectively in
the last quarter of the previous fiscal while natural rubber cost Rs.150 per kg during the
same period.
Synthetic vanillin
Synthetic vanillin emerged as a popular choice among food companies ever since
natural vanilla prices skyrocketed to Rs.3,500 per kg some years ago. Though natural
vanilla prices have dropped below Rs.100 level now, the hold of synthetic vanillin is still
strong. While natural vanillin is priced around Rs.30,000 per kg, the synthetic one is as
cheap as Rs.800 to Rs.1,000 per kg. Though just a fourth of natural vanillin is needed
for producing the same effect, the cost still works out to be higher. Moreover, the
synthetic ones are user-friendly.
29
INDIAS APPROACH TO PHASE OUT HFCs

India is attempting a creative solution to the problem of phasing out the use of
hydrofluorocarbons (HFC). At odds with the US and European Union, who want to see
the substance included under the Montreal Protocol, India has suggested focusing on
practical ways to address the issue rather than concentrating on which legal instrument
to use.
European Union and the US argue that the Kyoto Protocol, which sets binding emission
cutting targets for industrialised countries, is not the right instrument to address the
problem arising out of the use of HFCs as it is an ozone depleting substance.
These countries would like HFCs to be listed under the Montreal Protocol, which is the
international agreement to phase out the use of ozone depleting substances to protect
the earths ozone layer. India doesnt agree with this position.
As part of its efforts to craft a practical approach to phasing out these potent greenhouse
gases, India will discuss the issue with China, South Africa and Brazil at the BASIC meet
in New Delhi.
India has suggested a four-fold approach to the phase out HFCs. This approach would
go beyond the current discussion, which is focused on the appropriate international legal
instrument.
HFCs are chlorine-free substitutes, which were developed in the 1980s to replace
ozone-depleting (and chlorine containing) gases such as CFCs and HCFCs. HFC is
currently listed in the Kyoto Protocol as one of the greenhouse gases whose production
needs
to
be
limited
to
prevent
global
warming.
Indias four-fold approach includes action at the multilateral level, through for example,
new or modified international treaties and multilateral funds. Second, action at the
bilateral level. Third, action at the national level, through autonomous actions, nationallevel regulations and incentives. Fourth, action at the industry to industry level, where
there are enormous opportunities for technology development and co-operation, with US
companies in particular.
India is taking steps as part of its energy efficiency agenda through the Bureau of
Energy Efficiency. The government is of the view that India could emerge as a
technology supplier, through indigenous development and joint ventures, especially as
the
bulk
of
the
incremental
market
will
be
in
India.
Government of India recognises that while HFCs provide a solution in terms of ozone
depletion, it presents a problem from climate change perspective given the high global
warming potential. Recognising the seriousness of the issue,
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30
RECENT TRENDS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY

Nanotechnology is predicted to be a
$2.6 trillion market by 2014.
Forty countries, including the US,
China, most of Europe and India are
investing in it as a key to global
economic competitiveness.
The most common commercial use of
nanoparticles is to make coatings
(self-cleaning
windows,
pollutant
absorbing paint), bodycare products
and electronics.
According to Prof George Whitesides of Harvard University, the latest nano
technology research is in quantum dots, new catalysts, materials for energy
storage and generation, super capacitors, grapheme, shaped nanoparticles,
biologically derived nanoparticles (think of the ribosome - this year's Nobel
Prize in chemistry - as a catalytic nanoparticle), and magnetic nanostructures
for information storage.
The great success of nanotechnology is of course in electronics.
Rods of silicon, when reduced to nano size, show bizarre properties. These
nano wires are so thin that current flow can be easily manipulated. They also
act as heat absorbers. These properties make them very useful as sensors,
even for measuring biological processes like infections . J Fraser Stoddart's
lab at Northwestern University (TOI corresponded with him too) has
combined gold nano particles with DNA strands to assemble different shapes.
These hold the potential of being used for targeted delivery of drugs to
chosen sites.
Nanotubes are harder to break than steel, and are totally flexible. They are
being investigated for data storage, because they function like semiconductors, switching on and off at your command.
Researchers at Rice University have tried to develop systems that could
ultimately be used as tiny hard drives in cameras and PCs, making for even
smaller top-end gadgets.
31
NANOSHEET TECH MAY OFFER MEGA ENERGY GAINS

A novel way of splitting materials into sheets just one atom thick could lead
to new electronic and energy storage technologies.
An international team of researchers said they had invented a versatile way
to create one atom thick "nanosheets" from a range of layered materials,
similar to the graphite used in pencils, using ultrasonic pulses and common
solvents.
The new method is simple, cheap, fast, and could be scaled up to work on
an industrial scale, the scientists said in a report of their work published in
the journal Science.
"Because
of
its
extraordinary
electronic properties graphene has
been getting all the attention...as
physicists hope that it might one
day
compete
with
silicon
in
electronics," said Valeria Nicolosi, of
Britain's Oxford University, who led
the study with Jonathan Coleman of
Ireland's Trinity College Dublin.
Coleman said the new materials this
team had created which include
Boron
Nitride,
Molybdenum
disulfide, and Bismuth telluride
have
chemical
and
electronic
properties
which
make
them
suitable for use in new electronic
devices, super-strong composite
materials and energy generation
and storage.
"
Of the many possible applications of these new nanosheets, perhaps the
most important are as thermoelectric materials," he said in a statement
about the findings.
He said the materials could for example be made into devices that generate
electricity from waste heat lost from places like gas, oil or coal-fired power
plants, which lose between 50 and 70 percent of the energy they produce in
waste heat.
32
NANOSHEET TECH MAY OFFER MEGA ENERGY GAINS

"The development of efficient thermoelectric devices would allow some of this
waste heat to be recycled cheaply and easily," Coleman said.
These new materials could also be used in next generation batteries known
as "super capacitors," which can deliver energy thousands of times faster
than standard batteries and could vastly improve technologies such as
electric cars.
*****
Nano solution for safe water
A new nanotechnology is likely to make drinking
water a lot more safer and keep infections at bay
by filtering out deadly bugs at the source.
Both water molecules and bugs are so tiny that
they are measured by the nanometre, 100,000
times thinner than a human hair.But at the
microscopic level, the two actually differ greatly
in size.
A single water molecule is less than a nanometre wide, while some of the
littlest bugs are 200 nanometres.
Working with a specific block co-polymer, a University of Buffalo team has
synthesized a new kind of nanomembrane containing pores about 55 nm
wide, large enough for water to slip through, but too small for bacteria,
reports the journal Nano Letters.
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33
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL EXPIRES IN 2012

NEED FOR GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES
It remains unclear whether carbon credits will exist after 2012 when Kyoto
Protocol expires.
CFL lamps
Every few months, Bureau of Energy Efficiency
announces implementation of the Bachat Lamp
Yojana (BLY).
The BLY promises to save India `17 billion or 400 MW
of energy by replacing incandescent lights that waste
95 per cent electricity with compact fluorescent light
(CFL) lamps.
Since lighting accounts for 22 percent of Indias total electricity use, replacing
incandescent lamps would make a significant dent in energy consumption.
However, CFL penetration in India is very low, less than 5 to 10 per cent in households
primarily because of the initial cost barrier. CFL lamps cost 8 to 10 times more .
Carbon credits & CFL costs
Bureau Of Energy Efficiency has been putting out several press releases touting BLY
project as the worlds largest carbon credit project (expecting to accrue four million
credits). This post-2012 risk combined with the complexity of programmatic CDM
(pCDM) (UN has significant monitoring and verification requirements for pCDM under
which BLY has registered this scheme) presents significant hurdles and creates
uncertainty regarding timing, volume and probability of delivery.
Lamp duration, replacement cost
According to the BEEs own current estimates, it will take at least 5 to 6 years to recover
initial cost of CFL bulbs (earning some returns only from the seventh year onwards),
assuming CFL lamps last that long. CFLs may not last that long due to various reasons,
including power fluctuations in the grid etc. CFL bulbs typically last for 6,000 to 10,000
hours or 2 to 3 years for energy savings required under the scheme.
The project makes no provision for cost of replacement bulbs; in effect, two-three bulbs
would be needed for 4 to 6 years, by the time the cost of the first bulb alone would be
recovered. Also ignored are costs of damaged bulbs and what happens if a bulb is
defective?
It is also necessary to consider why LED lamps excluded by the scheme when a 5W
LED consumes less than 50 per cent of the energy consumed by a CFL bulb (14.6 Kwh
vs 32.12 Kwh per annum for a 11W CFL).
34
CARBON FIBRE
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY
Carbon fibre is a long, thin strand of material, about 0.005 to 0.010 mm
in diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms.
The carbon fibre composites are formed combining carbon fibres with a
resin matrix (examples include epoxy. polyester, themoplastic, vinyl
ester, phenolic types etc). The carbon fibre is the primary load carrier
and the resin matrix supports the fibres and transfers the load between
fibres.
Several thousand carbon fibres are twisted together to form a yarn,
which may be used by itself or woven into a fabric. The yarn or fabric is
combined with epoxy resin and wound or molded into shape to form
various composite materials.
Many different grades of carbon fibre are available, with differing properties,
which can be used for specific applications.
The different composites include
Carbon fibres reinforced Plastics / Carbon fibres reinforced thermo

plastics
Composite of Carbon fibre in a carbon matrix
Carbon fibre reinforced ceramic
Classification of carbon fibre

Carbon fibres are classified into the following two categories:
Regular or small tow (RT)

Large tow (LT)
Regular Tow and Large Tow are distinguished by number of filaments and the
tensile modulus of the fiber.
Regular Tow and Large Tow are used in accordance with the requirement of
specific characteristic of the product.
35

Type of carbon fibre
Carbon fibers are manufactured by treating organic fibers (precursors) with
heat and tension, leading to a highly ordered carbon structure.
The precursors include rayon-base fibers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and pitch.
PAN based carbon fibre

PITCH based carbon fibre
Rayon based carbon fibre
Application
A variety of commercial applications have emerged including commercial
aircraft, sporting goods and industrial applications.
Aerospace / Defense
Carbon fibre is key constituent in advanced composite materials, which are
used in demanding aerospace applications. It provides better maneuver
ability to the aircraft.
The important parts where carbon fibre is used include the following
Aircraft brakes
Brakes become lighter and have better heat dissipation due to the excellent
thermal conductivity.
It is increasingly being used in the brakes of aircraft. Compared with
conventional steel discs, carbon fibre brakes last four times longer and offer
high braking performance. Braking performance is not diminished even after
repeated braking.
Aircraft wings (Rotary wings, Fixed wings) Rocket nozzles and Missile Heat Shields
Excellent resistance to thermal shock
Artificial satellite
Increased payloads are possible due to weight reduction.

Higher antennae can be made due to the high stiffness property
36

Sports goods
Carbon fibre is being used in the brakes of formula one and other motor
sport brakes and clutches in high performance road cars. The extreme
surface of hardness of carbon fibre also ensures that the brake discs are
unsusceptible to solid and liquid road salts as well as to corrosion and rust.
Sports goods provides better performance from lighter yet stiffer sports
items such as
Rackets (Tennis Rackets, Badminton Rackets, Squash Rackets)

Golf goods (Golf Club Shafts, Club Heads, Face Plate etc)
Fishing rods
Boats
Bicycles
Racing cars.
Medical
Carbon fibre provides the advantage of inertness and biocompatibility as well
as absence of tissue reactions
Due to properties of carbon fibre composites, orthopaedic implant failures
can be eliminated, as it is more resistant to fatigue than metal and is elastic
to allow some movement.
Use of carbon fibre in medical application include
Implants of bone plates and hip joints (internal fixation of fracture

Orthopeadic implant)
Cardiovascular (e.g. artificial heart valve),
Ligament replacements,
Medical equipment such as wheel chairs, parts of body scanners, x-ray
tables etc.
Process outline
Carbon fibres are typically produced by spinning and then thermally
carbonizing one of the precursor fibers
Depending on the type of precursor and the processing method, the finished
carbon fibre will have different micro structure and therefore different
properties.
37

Around 90 percent of all commercial carbon fibres are produced by the
thermal conversion of PAN precursor fibers. Commercially available PAN
fibers are used as precursors to produce carbon fibres in large tow counts,
having up to 24k filaments.
Indian Import
Around 3 metric tonnes
Indian Export
Nil
Indian manufacturer
Kemrock Industries and Exports Ltd
Vadodara based, Kemrock Industries and Exports Ltd. (KIEL) inaugurated a
carbon fibre plant the first in the country in May,2010 .
However, the plant is still reported to be under trial run.
Global demand supply scenario
Global Installed Capacity
Type
Capacity in tonnes per annum
PAN carbon fibre

Pitch carbon fibre
Total
Global demand
41546
1074
42620
33060 metric tones per annum
Demand drivers
Aerospace is a key market. The new supersized passenger jets, the Airbus
A380 and the Boeing 787, both use significant quantities of epoxy resin
impregnated with carbon fiber, or carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP), as a
primary structural material.
Growth in demand
medium-sized jet
Industries plans to
Mitsubishi Regional
market in 2013.
for carbon fiber will also be driven by use in small to

passenger planes. For example, Mitsubishi Heavy
use CFRP for the main wings and tail assembly of the
Jet (MRJ), now in the pipeline and expected to reach the
Consumption by other manufacturing industries is growing even faster, by

about 15% per year.
38

Toho Tenax estimates demand from these sectors growing, driven primarily by
the growth of applications such as increasingly large wind-turbine blades and
pressure vessels such as those used in compressed natural gas tanks.
Cars are another promising area. CFRP drive shafts, spoilers and hoods are
already used in the automotive industry, but principally in luxury models because
of cost factors. However, they are likely to find their way into standard models
as stricter fuel economy regulations push the need for weight reduction.
Use of CFRP in sporting gear such as golf-club shafts and tennis racquets
growing by 5% per year, according to Toho Tenax.
Growth in demand:
10 to 12% per annum
Global manufacturers include the following :

Name of the Company
Toray Industries, Inc
Toho Carbon Fibres (Toho Tenax)
Mitsubishi Rayon Grafil Inc
Zoltek
Formosa Plastics
Mitsubishi Chemical
China Worldbest Group (CWG) and Anhui
Bengbu Corduroy Group Co. Ltd. and CWG
holds a share of 90%.
Nippon Graphite
Toray Carbon Fibres America, Inc
Toho Carbon Fibres

Mitsubishi Rayon Grafil Inc
Zoltek
Hexcel
Cytec
Carbon Fibre Technology LLC (CFT)
50%-50% Joint Venture between SGL and
Aldila Inc.(San Diego/California)
Ballard Material Products
Toray Carbon Fibres America, Inc

Toho Carbon Fibres / Toho Fibres
SGL
Total
Location
Asia
Ehim, Japan
Japan
Japan
Hungary
Mailiao, Yunlin, Taiwan
Japan
Bengbu, China
Japan
America
Decatur, AL, USA (Recently
expanded the capacity from
1,800 tonnes per annum to
3,600 tonnes per annum.
Menlo Park, California, USA
U.S
USA
USA
Greenville, South
Carolina,US.
Evanston, Wyoming, USA
USA
Europe
France (SOFICAR)
Germany, Europe
Inverness,Scotland, UK
Tonnes per annum

4700
4300
3,200
800
1850
500
200
120
15,670
3,600
3400
1,500
3200
2300
2539
1000
91
17450
2600
1900
5000
9500
39

Carbon fibre market share
Hexel
25%
Others
5%
Cytec
15%
Toho
13%
Toray
42%
Toray Industries
Toray Industries says that its Toray Advanced Materials Korea subsidiary will
build a carbon fiber plant at TAKs manufacturing site at Gumi, Korea. The
plant, which will require an investment of won63 billion ($57 million), will
have production capacity for 2,200 metric tonnes per year. Construction is
expected to begin early this year and the plant is due to onstream in January
2013.
The new plant will produce standard modulus carbon fiber used in industrial
and sporting goods applications.
TAK established a dedicated carbon fiber sales and marketing unit in January
2010 as part of efforts to develop and tap into the growing demand for
carbon fiber in Korea.
Toray announced that it would resume work on a previously expansion of
the companys carbon fiber production facility at Masaki, Japan.
The expansion, through the construction of a new production line, will add
1,000 metric tonnes per year of capacity for special small tow carbon fibers,
and it will involve an investment of about 16 billion ($194 million). Toray
expects the additional production line to be on stream in September 2012.
Toray originally announced the expansion in 2008, and the new production
line had been due to start operating in July 2009.
The additional production line in Japan will increase Torays carbon fiber
production capacity to a total of 18,900 metric tonnes peryear, and the
Masaki plant will account for 8,300 metric tonnes peryear of that figure.
40

Toray signed an agreement with aerospace company EADS to supply carbon
fiber prepregs, primarily to Airbus, through 2025. Toray in April 2010
established a Torayca Reinforced Plastics department aimed at expanding the
companys carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic compounds business.
Torayca is Torays carbon fiber brand.
Mitsubishi Rayon,Japan
Mitsubishi Rayon made a move in July 2010, resuming construction of a
carbon fiber plant at Otake, Japan.
Construction had been halted temporarily in March 2009 due to the severe
business environment and the downturn in the carbon fiber market.
The plant, which had originally been due onstream in the fourth quarter of
2009, is now expected to start up in the second quarter of 2011.
Mitsubishi Rayon will invest 12 billion for the project and the plant will have
capacity to produce 2,700 metric tonnes per year of carbon fiber.
New Projects Under Planning / Implementation
Name of the company

Kingfa Sei & Tech Co. Ltd., China
Sichuan Xinwanxing (Group) Ceramics Co
Ltd,China
Jilin Petrochemical,China
China Composites Shenying Carbon Fiber
Co Ltd, China
Zhongfu,China
Tonnes per annum

2000
1000
100
10000
2000
Important suppliers for aerospace industries

US-based aerospace materials firm Cytec Industries which, with compatriot
Hexcel and Japan-based Toray is one of the three main suppliers of carbon
fiber composites to the aerospace market, expects aircraft build rates in
2009 to plateau.
Cytec was recently awarded a seven-year, $750m (594.8m) contract to
supply carbon fiber composites to Lockheed Martin for the US Air Force's F22A and the F-35 fighter jets. The F-35, also known as the Joint Strike
Fighter, has the potential to be the largest defense program over the next
decade.
41

Cytec regularly competes with Hexcel and Toray for large supplier contracts.
In May 2008, Hexcel was awarded a $4bn contract by Airbus to supply
carbon fiber composite materials for its entire line of A350 aircraft until 2025.
The A350 passenger jet is made up of 60% composite material.
Prognosis
Carbon fibre is a vital product of strategic importance.
The demand for the product is likely to go up steadily in the coming years, in
view of the variety of applications of the product.
The project proposal should consider carbon fibre of various grades based on
strategic marketing plans.
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42

Appearance:
Colourless transparent liquid
Odour
With irritating smell
Chemical formula
Si (OC2 H5)
CAS Number:
.
Solubility
78-10-4
Boiling Point:
168.1 deg.C
Density( 20)g/cm3:
0.929-0.934
Specific Gravity at 20 deg. C
0.930-0.940
Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol

slightly soluble in benzene.
Stability
The product is stable and incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water,
alkalies, mineral acids
Specification
Monomer content
Silica Content by wt. as SiO2
Iron
Acidity (as HCl)
96% min
28
0-5ppm
<0.01
Application
Ethyl silicate is mainly used as a crosslinking agent in silicone polymers and
as a precursor to silicon dioxide in the semiconductor industry.
It is used in the production of aerogel. These applications exploit the
reactivity of the Si-OR bonds.
Ethyl silicate finds application in sectors such as paints and coatings and
investment castings .
Semi conductor
When vaporized and thermally decomposed upon the surfaces of
semiconductor chips, ethyl silicate forms electrically insulating layers of silica
glass, which are necessary in the fabrication of integrated circuits.
43

Use in paint sector
Zinc-ethyl silicate primer is prepared from zinc dust pigments and an
intimate mixture of ethyl silicate, monoethanolamine and zinc chromate.
Zinc-rich inorganic coatings based on ethyl silicate give corrosion protection,
chemical resistance, heat resistance, abrasion resistance, welding and cutting
properties.
Zinc ethyl silicate are used for the protection of steel against corrosion under
severe exposing conditions such as underground, marine atmosphere,
industrial atmosphere, nuclear power plants, high temperature etc.
Use in investment casting
When properly hydrolyzed, ethyl silicate produces fine particles of silica,
which can act as a binder to adhere refractory into ceramic shapes or provide
corrosion-resistant coatings in combination with zinc dust.
Ethyl silicate (alcohol-based and chemically set), is used as binder in
investment casting to hold the refractory material in place.
Import / export
Imports for the year 2009-2010 : 160 tonnes per annum
Exports for the year 2009-2010
: Negligible quantity
Indian producers
Ethyl
silicate
is
presently
Consultants,Mumbai.
produced
by
Dr.
Khan
Technology
Dr. Khan Industrial Consultant manufactures ethyl silicate from the basic raw
material namely silicon ingot and SiCl4 is produced as in-process chemical
and consumed fully in the production of ethyl silicate.
Metkem Silicon in Tamil Nadu stopped production of ethyl silicate.
Indian production
Indian production of ethyl silicate
1200 tonnes per annum
44

Indian demand
Total demand for ethyl silicate including paint and investment casting
Global scenario
Ethyl silicate is manufactured mostly by integrated process with metallurgical
silicon as starting material.
Silbond is the worlds leading supplier of ethyl silicate.Silbond was formed
through the 1994 buyout of AkzoNobels ethyl silicate manufacturing
operations in Weston. In 2011 Q2 Investment Partners (Bloomfield Hills, MI)
has acquired Silbond.
Silbon, USA uses the direct process for production of ethyl silicate from
silicon metal and ethyl alcohol.
The silicon tetrachloride method is inherently prone to trace metal
contamination and process variability. This is why Silbond produces ethyl
silicate using the direct method.
The company claims that it has the longest continuously running direct
process plant in the world. The product is completely chlorine free and
Silbond Condensed, is pure enough for most applications,
Process
The process of manufacture involves chlorination of silicon metal to SiCl4
followed by the reaction of SiCl4 with alcohol to produce ethyl silicate
Silicon ingot is chlorinated to obtain SiCl4.
SiCl4 is reacted with ethyl alcohol to produce ethyl silicate.
The integrated process is represented by the following reactions
Si + 2Cl2
SiCl4
SiCl4 + 4C2H5OH
Si(O C2H5)4 + 4HCl
45

Appearance
Colourless, oily liquid.

Darkens with age.
Chemical Formula
CAS No.:
Assay
C4H10O4S
64-67-5
99.00% min.
Application
*
Dyes and dye intermediates (like Diethyl Meta Amino Phenol (DEMAP),
Pigment of violet-23 etc.)
*
Leather (As a fat liquoring composition)
*
Pharmaceutical Industry (for manufacturing
Norfloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Barbituric acid etc.)
bulk
drugs
like
*
As an ethylating agent (As a very versatile and safe ethylating agent in
the manufacture of aromatic and aliphatic ethers, amines, amides, esters and
imides for dyestuff, starch and sugar, pharmaceutical and flavour synthesis)
*
Coatings
Personal care products
Detergents
*
Insecticides
(As
a
stabilizer
organophosphorous insecticides)
in
*
Textiles (For manufacturing cationic
quaternary textile finishing compounds)
the
and
manufacturing
anionic
softeners
of
and
*
Miscellaneous (in the manufacturing of anti-corrosion agents, colourfixing agents, pyrimidine derivatives for explosives and in fiber finish.
Import
Period
April 2006 to March 2007
Quantity in tonnes
3639
1579
3217
1013
April 2010 to June 2010: 364 tonnes
46

Pattern of country wise imports: For the period of April 2009 to March 2010
Korea RP
7%
Japan
3%
Italy
4%
Germany
1%
Denmark
12%
China Prp
73%
Exports
April
April
April
April
Period
2006 to March
2007 to March
2008 to March
2009 to March
Quantity in tonnes
1296
3240
1534
2053
2007
2008
2009
2010

Pattern of country wise export : For the period of
USA
25%
Others
2%
China p rp
39%
UK
13%
Indonesia
1%
Spain
2%
Saudi Arabia
3%
Korea rp
2%
Japan
9%
Italy
4%
47

Indian manufacturers
Indian producers include the following :
Name of the company
Location
Industrial Solvents and Chemicals

Dharamsi Morarji
Guljag Industries
Gujarat
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
Indian production
Production
No new project under planning/implementation in India.

Demand supply scenario
Diethyl sulphate is predominantly used as an ethylating agent in the
manufacture of aromatic and aliphatic ethers, amines, amides, esters and
imides for dyestuff, pharmaceutical and flavour synthesis.
The Pharmaceutical and Dyestuff industry represent the major sector of
applications for Diethyl sulphate. In such sectors, the product is used as
ethylating and sulphonating agent.
Indian demand (Period April 2010 to March 2011)
Growth rate in demand
6% to 7% per annum
Projected demand supply scenario

(in tonnes per annum)
Period
2010-2011
2015-2016
Demand
8000
11250
Supply
6285
6285
Gap in supply
1715
4965
Global demand supply scenario

Global demand
Around 200,000 metric tonnes per annum
Global growth rate in demand
2 to 3% per annum
48

Global manufacturers
Name of the Producer
Tedia Company Inc
Location
OH, USA
Dow Chemical company
Texas, USA
West Virginia, USA
Coyne Chemical
USA
Chem-Impex International, Inc.
IL, USA
Merck Schuchardt OH
(Subsidiary of Merck KgaA)
Hohenbrunn, Germany
Process outline
DES can be produced by alternate process:
Process from Ethyl Alcohol and Chloro sulphonic acid
The reaction between ethyl alcohol and chlorosulphonic acid produces Diethyl
sulphate with ethylhydrogen sulphate and diethyl ether as by products
2C2H5OH + ClSO3H
(C2H5)2SO4
HCl
+ H2O
The reaction is carried out by heating the reactants on a water bath

(80 deg C). The resulting reaction mixture is then distilled at low pressure
(10 to 15 mm of Hg) at a maximum temperature of 190 deg C to give Diethyl
sulphate at 90% yield. In view of highly poisonous nature of diethyl sulphate
vapors, the distillation step is carried out with extreme care and in cery
special type of equipment.
Process from Ethyl alcohol and Sulphuric acid
Diethyl sulphate, was traditionally prepared from ethyl alcohol and sulphuric
acid. The method employed was to distill a mixture of about 2-4 parts by
weight of sulphuric acid with one part by weight of ethyl alcohol. The
distillate separates into two layers, the upper of which is aqueous alcohol and
the lower crude diethyl sulphate as a yellow liquid.
Diethyl sulphate has been made by dropping a mixture of ethyl alcohol and
concentrated sulphuric acid on to sodium sulphate at 55 to 65 deg.C, or by
heating ethyl alcohol with an alkali metal chlorosulphonate.
Prognosis
The demand level for the diethyl sulphate is likely to go up steadily in the
coming years both in the Indian and the global market.
49

Appearance
Clear liquid
Alternate name
Trichloromethane
Chemical formula
CHCl3
Regulations
Chloroform has been identified as a hazardous waste by US based EPA and
disposal of this waste is regulated under the Federal Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) (EPA 1988a, 1989b). EPA has issued a toxicological
review of Chloroform, concluding that small exposures to the chemical are
not likely to cause cancer.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned chloroform for use in
drug, cosmetic and food packaging products in 1976. This ruling did not
include drug products that contain chloroform in residual amount, resulting
from its use as a processing solvent in manufacturing or its presence as a byproduct from the synthesis of drug ingredients
Its use as intermediate in the preparation of dyes and pesticides have been
largely discontinued in several advanced countries.
Montreal Protocol
Chloroform is largely used in the production of refrigerant gas (HCFC-22).
The Montreal Protocol stipulates that CFC 11 and CFC 22 would be phased
out by 2010 and HCFC 22 by 2040 in developing countries.
Presently, no serious thought is being given on replacements of HCFC-22 in
India. This scenario may change in the coming years.
Grades
*
Fluorocarbon grade
Alcohol stabilized grade/

NF (National formulary grade)
Technical grade
50

Specification
Fluorocarbon grade
Component
Chloroform, wt%
Specification
99.9 min.
Colour, APHA
10 max.
Specific Gravity @ 25/25C

Acidity, ppm as HCl
Nonvolatile Matter, ppm
Water, ppm
Free Halogens (ASTM D 4755)
Tetrachloride, ppm
1.481 to 1.485
5 max.
10 max.
50 max.
Passes Test
50 max.
Alcohol stabilised grade

Component
Chloroform, vol. %
Specification
99.0 to 99.5
Alcohol, vol. %
Colour, APHA
Nonvolatile Residue, ppm
Free Chlorine
Readily Carbonizable Substances
0.5 -1.0
10 max.
1.476 -1.480
10 max.
Passes NF Test
Passes NF Test
Chlorinated Decomposition Products and Chloride

Acid and phosgene
Aldehyde and ketone
Passes NF Test
Passes NF Test
Passes NF Test
Technical grade
Component
Chloroform, wt%
Specification
99.8 min.
Colour, APHA
Acidity, ppm as HCl
Nonvolatile Residue, ppm
Water, ppm
Free Chlorine
10 max.
1.481 -1.485
5 max.
10 max.
100 max.
Passes ACS Test
51

Application
*
*
*
*
Raw material for HCFC-22, HCFC-21

Extraction solvents for pharmaceuticals
Fluoropolymers
As intermediate chemical
Sector wise potential application

Sector
Application details
Used
principally
as
a
precursor
Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).
for
Raw material for HCFC 22 and HCFC-22 is used as a refrigerant mainly for
CFM 22
residential air conditioners and commercial
refrigeration.
As a solvent
Fluoropolymers
CFM 22 is used mainly in automobile industry.

Used as processing / extraction solvent
pharmaceuticals
in
Used in the production of Polytetrafluoro Ethylene

(PTFE)
Fluorocarbon Grade:
HCFC-22 is used primarily as a refrigerant for residential air conditioners and
commercial refrigeration. However, as the Montreal Protocol takes effect, this
use can be expected to decline as HCFC-22 is replaced by refrigerants that
are less harmful to the ozone layer.
Alcohol Stabilized Grade:
This grade is mainly used as a solvent in the extraction and purification of
products in the pharmaceutical industry that are not considered to be food
related. It is also used in the purification of some antibiotics, alkaloids, and
vitamins. A small percentage is also sold as a laboratory reagent solvent for
use as a reaction medium in the preparation of organic nitrogen compounds,
acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers,and other fine chemicals.
The Alcohol stabilized grade is the former NF Grade, which meets the test
requirements for the National FormularyXVII (1990) and also the test
requirements for General Use Chloroform according to ACS
52

Technical Grade:
This grade is used as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of dyes,
plastics, resins and pesticides. It can also be involved as an industrial solvent
in photography and as a heat transfer medium in fire extinguishers.
INDIAN SCENARIO
Indian manufacturers
Chemplast Sanmar Ltd.

SRF Ltd.
Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals Ltd.
Gujarat Fluorochemicals
Indian production
Production: 47000 metric tones per annum
New Projects: No new projects are under planning or implementation
Imports
April
April
April
April
Period
2006 to March
2007 to March
2008 to March
2009 to March
2007
2008
2009
2010
Quantity in tonnes
24,836
41,395
27,778
20,265

Country wise imports for the period of April 2009 to March 2010
Country
Quantity in tonnes
France
Germany
Japan
Latvia
Malaysia
Romania
Russia
Spain
Switzerland
U Arab Emts
UK
USA
Unspecified
Total
4,539.50
3,948.48
306.32
115.00
0.12
118.30
1,901.92
40.80
0.20
921.40
7,332.62
1,038.28
2.74
20,265.68
53

Export
April
April
April
April
Period
2006 to March
2007 to March
2008 to March
2009 to March
Quantity in tonnes
947
95
176
42.742
2007
2008
2009
2010

Demand supply scenario
The demand for chloroform would be driven by the performance of the
application
sector,
particularly
refrigerant
gas
including
Difluorochloromethane (HCFC 22 / Freon 22 ) and Dichlorofluoromethane
(CFM 22) .
Chloroform is used as an extraction solvent in the production of a few API
drugs.
Indian demand including export demand (Period April 2010 to March 2011)
73,400 tonnes per annum
Pattern of sector wise demand
Miscellaneous
including
fluoropolymers,
laboratory grade
and export
3%
Pharmaceuticals
25%
Refrigerant gas
72%
Overall AAGR in demand through 2013
9%
54

Projected demand supply scenario
Period
(April to March)
2010-2011
Total demand
including export
demand
73400
2015-2016
113000
In metric tonnes per annum

* Production
Gap in supply
43000
30400
43000
70000
It is considered that no new project or capacity expansion would be

commissioned
GLOBAL SCENARIO
Globally, about 90 to 95% of the chloroform is used as a precursor for

HCFC-22, which is used in refrigerants and fluoropolymers such as
polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE). The demand for HCFC-22 in fluoropolymers
is expected to witness growth, though the product's demand in emissive
applications, such as refrigerants, is expected to witness a gradual decline.
Global demand
Global demand for Chloroform
0.66 million metric tonnes per annum
The overall global consumption of chloroform is projected to decline, owing to

the adoption of stringent regulatory framework for restricting the use of
ozone depleting substances, such as HCFCs, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs),
halons, and carbon tetrachlorides.
In the US, chloroform has been largely phased out as the refrigerant market
increasingly opted for alternatives due to rising environmental concerns.
Several developing countries have also agreed to phase out the use of HCFCs
in emissive applications.
Though HCFC-22 is one of the important consuming industries for
chloroform, the growth rate has been reflected in the principal products
namely polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fluorinated ethylene-propylene
(FEP).
55

Important producers of Chloroform include the following
*
Solvay
Arkema
Dow Chemicals
Ineos Chlor
Lanxess
LII Europe (Frankfurt)
Plant closures
Ercros plans to close chloromethane unit at Palos de la Frontera, Spain. It
also intends to close a chloromethanes plant at Flix, Spain. It will
permanently shut methylene chloride and chloroform units
Arkema will shut its methylene chloride and chloroform units at Lavera,
France
Global consumption Period 2015
Global chloroform consumption is likely to be 0.64 million tonnes per annum
by 2015.
Anti dumping duty in China
China launched in November 2009 a review of antidumping measures on
chloroform imported from the EU, Korea and the U.S. in response to
applications from Chinese chloroform manufacturers.
The Ministry of Commerce
of Government of China has extended its
antidumping measures for chloroform imported from the European Union
(EU), Korea, and the U.S. for another four years from November 30, 2010.
Prognosis
Indian chloroform industry has been operating at near capacity utilization
level in the recent past, which indicates the robust and growing demand
scenario for chloroform in India. The trend is likely to continue in the
immediate future.
56
INCREASING DEMAND FOR LITHIUM CARBONATE

Current global demand for battery-grade
lithium carbonate, earmarked mostly for
laptop
computers
and
mobile
communications devices, is 30 million lbs
per year.
However, the build out of a transportation
system based on electric cars will
dramatically increase demand.
The
production of just 1 million all-electric cars
will require 40 million lbs of battery-grade
lithium carbonate.
It is estimated that by 2015, 5.6 million vehicles, or 7% of global light
vehicles, will be powered to some extent by electricity. This figure is
expected to rise to 17.3 million by 2020, or 20% of the light vehicles on
the road.
Most of the worlds lithium is extracted from brine reserves in the lithium
triangle, a series of salt flats located along the borders of Argentina,
Bolivia, and Chile. High lithium concentration and evaporation rates
make brine extraction in the triangle cheaper than extraction from
spodumene mineral deposits, which requires more energy and extraction
steps to get to battery-grade purities.
Rockwood Holdings, Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile (SQM), and FMC
have the leading positions in South America.
Canada Lithium (Toronto) has announced plans to begin building a $200
million lithium mine and processing plant at Val dOr, PQ later this year.
The site will have an annual capacity of 44 million lbs of lithium carbonate
and projected revenues of $120 million. Once operational, the plant would
account for over 10% of global capacity.
Canada Lithium says the lithium produced at Val dOr will be at parity
with existing production in South America.
Canada Lithium will be
producing a very pure, 99.5% to 99.9% battery-grade lithium carbonate.
57
GLOBAL RARE EARTH CRISIS
The Chinese Commerce Ministry is cutting export quotas for rare earths
minerals by about 35% year-on-year for the first half of 2011. China
currently supplies more than 95% of the worlds rare earths, which are used
in smart phones, military hardware, electric cars, and other high-tech
applications. The ministry is allocating 14,446 tons of the metals to 31 firms.
The reduction comes after a 72% cut in the second half of 2010. China also
temporarily suspended rare earths exports to Japan in the fall following a
territorial dispute.
The Chinese government has
called on other nations to exploit their rare
earths reserves. More than 60% of the worlds reserves are outside China,
according to the DOE report, but the overwhelming majority are untapped.
The U.S. Canada and Australia all have rare earths deposits.
Meanwhile, Molycorp (Greenwood Village, CO) says tht it has entered into an
agreement with Hitachi Metals (Tokyo) to form joint ventures to produce
neodymiumiron-boron (NdFeB) alloys and magnets in the U.S.
The
companies expect to sign a definitive agreement for the alloy jv in April, with
definitive agreements for the rare earths magnet jv to follow later in the
year.
Last year, Rhodia announced a deal to source rare earths from Lynas Corp.
(Sydney), a mining firm developing a site in Australia, to ensure supply
security .
58
GLOBAL RARE EARTH CRISIS

Rare Earth Policies Rolled out for Environment Concerns
The Ministry of Land and Resources of China would strengthen management of rare
earth resources in the country. The Ministry initially sets Ganzhou of Jiangxi province as
the Nation-class Rare Earth Ming Area, and 11 rare earth mines there are involved in the
planned mine list.
This may mean that China will restart the rare earth mining qualification system.
China will roll out new policies to restrain the rare earth mining and production.
The planning agencies and regulators are promoting the reformation of rare earth mining
qualification to protect the non-renewable resources.
MOC has announced its first batch of 2011 rare earth export quotas at 14 446 tonnes at
the end of 2010.
The full-year rare earth quotas are still under discussion.
The country exported 35 000 tons of rare earth in the first eleven months of 2010, up
14.5% from a year earlier. Exports to Japan, the European Union and the United States
took up 86% of the total exports,.
In addition, a set of new industry standards aimed at reducing pollution and regulating
practices by rare earth mining companies are set to be unveiled this year, pending the
approval by regulating authorities.
The proposed new standards are stringent to meet requirements of environment
protection, which will bring production costs to increase. This may raise the prices of
Chinese rare earth exports, according to rare earth analysts.
China will reform the rare earth industry by cracking down on illegal mining practices,
encouraging consolidation and reducing exports, as excessive mining has depleted the
countrys rare earth resources and caused serious damage to the environment.
Rare earths, composed of 17 elements, have wide applications in high-tech industries
ranging from ceramics, wind turbines and hybrid cars to missiles. Reportedly China has
some 30% of global rare earths reserves, however, it supplies 97% of the worlds
demand.
Developed countries including the United States and Japan heavily depend on Chinese
rare earth supplies.
The US ceased domestic production long ago because imports of rare earth sourcing
from China are more cost-efficient. Reportedly the Department of Energy of USA warned
that a broad range of US advanced energy technology developments as well as
conventional petroleum refining could be disrupted by rare earth shortage. Since 2006,
China has imposed temporary tariffs on rare earth exports and set limits on quotas.
59
NEWS ROUND UP - INTERNATIONAL

HPV Chemicals to be monitored in
USA
HPV chemicals are those imported
or produced in the U.S. at a rate
greater than 1 million lbs per year.
They include diphenylmethanone,
which is used in consumer products
and may be found in personal-care
products; 9,10-anthracenendione,
used to manufacture dyes; and
C12-C24 chloroalkenes, which are
used as metalworking fluids.
U.S. EPA has issued a final rule requiring the testing of 19 high production
volume (HPV) chemicals for health and environmental impacts.
This
rule is one of a series of actions that EPA is taking to ensure that the agency
has the data it needs to adequately review priority chemicals, the agency
says.
The rule follows a voluntary HPV chemicals testing initiative in which
companies supplied data on over 2,200 such substances. However, no data
was provided on the 19 chemicals covered by the rule.
*****
Plant Safety Legislations in EU
The European Commission has issued draft legislation to strengthen rules on
the control of major accidents involving hazardous chemicals.
Proposed changes to the so-called Seveso II Directive
clarifications, as well as updates to a series of provisions.
consist
of
They include the introduction of stricter inspection standards and

improvements to the quality of information available to the public in the
event of an accident.
The revised directive, with the backing of European Union (EU) member
states and the European Parliament, should be introduced from June 1,
2015. It applies to about 10,000 industrial establishments in the EU.
Technical modifications, including simplifications to reduce unnecessary
administrative burdens, form the other amendments to the law.
*****
60
NEWS ROUND UP - INDIA

Ban on export of milk powder,
casein products
The Government of India has banned
exports of all milk powders and
Casein with immediate effect.
The move comes ahead of the
summer season, which generally
witnesses a dip in milk production by
animals particularly buffaloes.
Th
b
li
ilk
The export ban applies to milk powders (including skimmed milk powder, whole
milk powder, dairy whitener and infant milk foods), Casein and Casein products
(Casein, caseinates and other casein derivatives; casein glues).
The Centres latest decision will not impact milk powder as much as casein.
While hardly any milk powder is being exported these days, the country exports
about 17000 tonnes of casein annually worth around Rs.550 crore.
Leading exporters include Modern Dairies and Schreiber Dynamix Dairies, VRS
Foods and Bhole Baba Dairy Industries.
*****
Dependence of sugar mills on byproducts
Depressed prices and a lower offtake have strained the finances of sugar
companies this season.
With sugar prices becoming uneconomical, mills having no by-products have
been affected the most.
But about a half of cooperative mills in Maharashtra have managed to stay afloat
thanks to byproducts such as power, ethanol and carbon credits.
Many sugar mills say that sugar production cost and selling price are neck to
neck right now. The recovery is less by 0.5%. If sugar prices go below Rs 26/kg,
the financial position of the mill will become worrisome.
But the by-products are giving good returns to the sugar mills .
The mills get Rs 4.79 per unit of electricity sold to the grid in Maharashtra, the
highest rate in the country for non-fossil fuel-based power. The sale of rectified
spirit earns more than Rs 200 per tonne of sugar cane for the mills. Several
sugar mills have co-generation units and distillery attached to the sugar factory.
61
CHINA NEWS
Scrap tire recycling
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (MIIT) posts a guidance
for the scrap tire recycling sector, aiming at advancing the sustainable development of
the rubber industry.
It is very important to reuse scrap tires as the nation takes up around 30% of the global
rubber consumption. More than 70% of natural rubber demand and 40% of synthetic
rubber needs in the country depend on imports. Some industry developments are at risk
with rubber shortage. MIIT said in its report.
Furthermore, rubber for tire production has accounted for approximately 70% of the total
rubber consumption, which is driven by manufacture of automobile and engineering
machines. As a result, China has brought about 233 million pcs of scrap tires per year,
at 8.6 million tons, equivalent to 3 million tons of rubber. In 2009, China recapped 13
million pcs of tires, accounting for less 6% of the total scrap tires, compared with 45% in
the developed countries.
MIIT set the targets of the scrap tire recycling sector by 2015, at the retreated tire share
occupying 25% for the scrap heavy duty tires in the nationwide area, 30% for the scrap
giant off-the-road tires and breaking through zero point for scrap sedan tires.
Also, the Ministry stressed the environmental protection concerns. China will make
efforts to develop reclaimed rubber products, aiming at 3 million tons by 2015.
*****
Electronic grade hydrofluoric acid
After cooperation in 20 000 tonnes per annum anhydrous hydrogen fluoride project, a
capacity of 5 000 tonnes per annum electronic grade hydrofluoric acid plant, jointly
invested by Sinochemical Lantian Co., Ltd (Sinochem Lantian) and Solvay Fluor, has
started operation at the beginning of January this year.
The project would help to integrate the production of raw materials and end products,
from fluoride to high-pure finals, benefiting the costs of electronic grade hydrofluoric acid
that has high value added, which is mainly provided to solar cell sectors.
*****
ADC blowing agent
With a total investment of RMB1.3 billion, installation of the 100 000 tonnes per annum
ADC blowing agent integrated project located in Germu has been done by QingHai Salt
Lake Industry Group Co., Ltd.
The project was built up by Qinghai Salt Lake Haihong Chemical Co., Ltd. (Salt Lake
Haihong), which is a joint venture by five companies, involving Qinghai Salt Lake Group,
Zhejiang Haihong Holding Group Co., Ltd. And Anhui, Hui Lung Group companies,
agricultural co-sponsored.
*****
62
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
New insect repellant cream
According to DRDO, the artificially
developed molecules in the cream
interfere with the sensory mechanism
of the mosquito, so that the insect is
unable to detect human blood.
.
The DRDO has unveiled a new insect
repellent cream against mosquitoes,
vectors of diseases like malaria, and
dengue.
Launching the Maxo Military and Maxo Safe and & Soft Wipes, DRDO said the cream
based product will fool the mosquitoes, will have a pleasant fragrance and will not block
your skin pores - a common problem with such products.
This cream is based on a uniquely configured, researched and tested molecule which
acts like a decoy and cheats the mosquito. It does not allow mosquitoes to sense the
presence of human blood in their vicinity, Chief Controller, Research & Development, of
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) said.
According to DRDO, the artificially developed molecules in the cream interfere with the
sensory mechanism of the mosquito and stop it from biting the humans.
Research and developed by DRDO, the product would be manufactured and marketed
by Jyothy Laboratories Limited which also holds the license to sell it outside the defence
forces.
The first of its kind mosquito repellent has been developed under a special technology
commercialisation programme signed between the DRDO and Federation of Indian
Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).
DRDO and FICCI signed the Accelerated Technology Assessment & Commercialisation
(ATAC) programme in 2009 and have successfully commercialised more than 20
products for mass production by private industries.
Based on Diethyl Phenyl Acetamide (DEPA) technology, the product has gone under a
series of advancements after its initial launch a few years ago.
Besides Indian Army, the cream would also be supplied to the central paramilitary
forces, engaged in border policing and naxal-infested areas.
*****
63
AGRO CHEMICAL PAGE

EU monitors pesticide content
After accusing Indian grapes of having high
pesticide residues last year that forced
exporters to offer substantial discounts,
European health authorities allowed them to
be consumed locally.
That has annoyed grape growers in India who
allege residue levels are being used as a nontariff barrier by the European Union to extract
good deals from suppliers.
European countries had rejected Indian grapes last year as some of them
had higher levels of chlormequat than 0.05 mg per kg, the statutory
maximum residue level of the EU.
CERTIFICATE COURSE IN
CHEMICAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AT CHENNAI
FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS
VACATION COURSE COMMENCING FROM MAY 9TH TO MAY 25TH 2011

This programme would equip the students to understand the trends and
developments in chemical and biotechnology industries in India and abroad and
prepare them to take up key positions in chemical and biotech at different levels
and functions.
The students would be taught with the support of number of case studies in the
Indian and global context.
Eligibility
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Registration
Under graduate& Post graduate students & those

who have recently passed out in
Chemical Engineering/Chemistry
Biotechnology
Food Technology
Petroleum refining and petrochemicals
Pharmaceutical technology
Business Administration
Applied science
Commences from 1st March 2011
FOR FURTHER DETAILS, CONTACT:

N.Jagadeesan,
Nandini Consultancy Centre, Chennai
Tel : 44-43511945, 24461346, 24916037
Email : nandinichemical@airtelmail.in, nsvenkatchennai@gmail.com
Website : www.nandinichemical.com
64
PHARMA PAGE
CHINESE AND ITALIAN DRUG UNITS UNDER SCANNER
Chinese and Italian drug manufacturing
units, from where drugs are imported
into India in bulk, are now under the
scanner.
After several import licences of local
agents of such overseas units were
cancelled due to poor drug quality, the
health ministry has given the green
signal to the drug controller general's
(DCGI) office to send a team of drug
inspectors to check foreign units for
good manufacturing practices (GMP)
compliance.
The DCGI's office has shortlisted 11 Chinese and two Italian drug
manufacturing units, which will soon be inspected. A team from the Central
Drugs Standard Control Organisation ( CDSCO) will leave for China and Italy
soon.
A health ministry note, said, "On the basis of complaints and doubts on
authenticity of GMP certificate, we cancelled 10 registration certificates and
related import licences. All these certificates were from China from Zhejinag,
Jingsu, Henan province and Chongquing. Similarly, several cases of imported kits
of HIV were declared to be not of standard quality by the government laboratory
which are originating from Zhejiang and Fujian provinces.
These issues further support this office which stands to carry out foreign site
inspections in line with other regulatory agencies of the world."
According to the rule, once the inspection visit is approved, as has been done in
this case by the health ministry, the Indian agent of the shorlisted international
company is asked to submit $5,000 within 15 days as a fee. A ministry official
said, "Once the fee is submitted, we will leave for inspection."
The DCGI proposes following criteria for inspection of foreign sites.
Drugs which are of critical nature like sterile products, blood products, vaccines
and drugs which are consumed vastly like antibiotics, anti-diabetic,
antihypertensive drugs, the sites where there is doubt in authenticity or quality
of submission are taken as priority.
65
PHARMA PAGE
Flu vaccine
Scientists in the UK have
successfully tested a vaccine
that could work against all
known flu strains.
The new vaccine, developed
by
scientists
at
Oxford
University,
differs
from
traditional
treatments
by
targeting proteins inside the
flue
virus
rather
than
proteins on its external coat.
The two proteins within the virus are similar across strains and less likely to
mutate, meaning new vaccines wouldnt have to be developed for each new
strain of the illness.
Traditional vaccines stimulate the body to produce antibodies to fight the flu,
whereas the new treatment, developed by a team led by Sarah Gilbert,
boosts the production of T-cells, which identify and kill infected cells.
*****
US Pharmacopeia launches free, online medicines compendium
The US Pharmacopeia (USP) has launched a
Compendium for use in India.
free, online Medicines
The initial focus on the compendium would be on developing standards for

medicines approved by the Drug Controller General of India (DGCI).
*****
Important of global pharma M & As on Indian contract R & D
Mergers & acquisitions in the global pharmaceutical industry that has led to a
reduction in out-sourced research work have hit Indian contract research and
manufacturing services or CRAMS firms.
The impact has been uniform on both large firms such as Jubilant Life
Sciences as also mid-sized firms like Dishman Pharmaceuticals and Shasun
Pharmaceuticals.
Analysts say global consolidation now poses a new
challenge for Indian CRAMS firms revenues in future.
The impact is visible in the financial performance of a handful of domestic
CRAMS firms like. Ahmedabad-based Dishman Pharmaceuticals & Chemicals
scrip.
66
PHARMA PAGE
Shasun Pharmaceuticals, another CRAMS firm that also has bulk drug
business, saw consolidated loss increase almost five-fold to Rs 9.7 crore for
the third quarter.
The countrys largest CRAMs firm, Jubilant Life Sciences saw its revenues
from its research services drop almost by a third, shrinking its profit more
than half to Rs.44 crore for the third quarter.
The services business segment, which constitutes 20% of its total revenue,
fell to Rs.167 crore due to consolidation in the global pharma space and
delay in certain milestone-linked payments. There have been several M & A
deals in the pharma sector in the past two years as global companies have
chosen to merge their operations to compensate for an imminent loss in
revenues as their patents for top-selling drugs expire.
*****
Two controversial `medicines banned
Indias Drug Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) has decided to ban two
controversial drugs Gatifloxacine and Tegaserod because of their side
effects.The decision was taken by DTABs sub committee headed by Dr. YK
Gupta from AIIMS.
DTAB, however, could not make up its mind on the third controversial drug
Deanxit and said, More data was needed on the drugs side effects before a
unanimous decision could be reached on whether to ban the drug or not.
Tegaserod is used in India for irritable bowel syndrome and chronic
constipation. This drug is banned all over the world after it showed a 10-fold
increased risk of heart attacks and stroke. The most popular Indian name of
this drug is Ibsinorm and Tegibs.
Deanxit alone has a Rs.35 crore market in India and is used for depression.
Its a fixed dose combination drug having flupenthixol and melitracen.
Interestingly, melitracen is not approved in India.
Also, this drug is made in Denmark. However, it is not approved for use in
Denmark itself. According to rule 30 B of the Drugs Act, any drug not
approved in the country of origin cannot be used in India. Its sale is
prohibited in UK, US, Canada, Australia and Japan.
67
ENERGY PAGE
EXTRACTION OF OIL USING SOLAR ENERGY
EXPERIMENTAL PROJECT IN USA
A California company in USA has
begun using solar power to
squeeze oil out of an old oil field,
flooding the underground rock
with steam that comes from the
suns heat instead of from burning
natural gas.
The technique was tried in the
1980s by the Atlantic Richfield
Company, but Glass Point Solar,
of Fremont, Calif., which cut the
ribbon on a pilot project, says that
its plant is the only one of its kind
now operating. Other companies
have discussed such projects.
The process is cheaper than using natural gas and trims the carbon footprint
of the gasoline, according to GlassPoint. The pilot plant, completed in
January in Kern County, is very modest, occupying less than an acre and
producing only about a million B.T.U.s per hour. But the company says that
it could quickly be replicated on a larger scale and could eventually displace
80 percent of the natural gas used to produce a barrel of oil. GlassPoint said
that at a full-size plant, its technology could produce steam at a cost of $3
per million B.T.U., compared with a market price of gas today of around $4
per million B.T.U.
Whether GlassPoint can get that far remains unclear.
GlassPoint, said that burning natural gas to make steam for oil recovery was
the largest single use of natural gas in California. About 40 percent of
Californias oil is produced through such enhanced oil recovery, and the
steam can account for as much as two-thirds of the production cost of such
oil, according to GlassPoint.
The amount of steam needed to produce a barrel of oil varies according to
the age of the field, but two million B.T.U. per barrel is typical.
68
ENERGY PAGE
Several companies use curved mirrors to focus the suns light to make
steam, but, GlassPoint unveiled a radically different design, one it says could
also be used to make steam for electricity production.
In existing steam-electric solar plants with curved mirrors, the mirrors sit on
heavy, rigid frames so that they will not be deformed by wind and can
survive storms. GlassPoint has built a greenhouse and suspended extremely
lightweight mirrors from the skeleton of the building. The greenhouse is kept
at higher air pressure than the outside environment, so that no dust can
come in, reducing the problem of cleaning the mirrors. A robot crawls across
the glass roof to wash it. The wash water is collected for reuse, an important
point since many old oil fields are in deserts.
A different solar energy company, BrightSource Energy, is building a solar
steam system at a Chevron oil field project in Coalinga, Calif, USA . It is
supposed to go into service in the second half of this year. Using solar power
for oil recovery makes one of solars most difficult characteristics, its
intermittency, according to GlassPoint.
In the pilot project, the greenhouse is too far from the wellhead to send the
steam by pipeline, so it is preheating the water, which will then be boiled by
natural gas. Another advantage, according to Glasspoint, is that the well is
not fussy about steam quality, in contrast to a steam turbine that makes
electricity, which demands constant temperature and pressure.
*****
Indian wind energy potential
estimated at 48,000 MW
This is a conservative estimation
based on the assumption that only
one per cent of potential land could
be used for wind power projects.
However, with the availability of
better and efficient wind turbines
suitable for moderate wind regimes
and
availability
of
increased
infrastructure for power evacuation,
the potential could go up.
Out of a total installed capacity of 15,691.43 MW of grid interactive
renewable power, wind accounts for 10,925 MW, about 70 per cent.
However, in terms of energy fed into the grid, the wind power sector today is
a marginal player accounting for only 3 per cent of the total power fed into
the grid.The wind power potential of the country has been estimated to be
48,000 MW.
69
ENERGY PAGE
BHP acquires shale gas assets
Shale gas is gas extracted from shale rock using a technology called hydraulic
fracturing, or fracking.
Energy firms invested billions of dollars to develop shale gas technology in United
States in recent years, flooding the US natural gas market with supply and weighing
down prices.
BHP Billiton struck a deal to buy shale gas reserves from Chesapeake Energy for $
4.75 billion.
BHP said that it was buying Chesa peakes 75% stake in Arkansas Fayetteville shale
natural gas field, put up for sale by the No.2 US gs producer just two weeks ago to
help trim a $15 billion long-term debt load.
The deal with Chesapeake pits BHP head-to-head against China in a race for global
energy assets, following state-owned PetroChinas C$5.4 billion ($5.5 billion)
agreement to buy shale gas stakes from Canadas largest gas producer, Encana
Corp, earlier this month.
Chinas CNOOC earlier bought $2.4 billion of shale stakes from Chesapeake, and
Indian energy firms including Reliance Industries have also snapped up such assets.
Petroleum is currently BHPs second best performing business, after iron ore, in
terms of earnings margins.
******
BHEL to make green photovoltaic cells
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) will enter into manufacturing of renewable
energy generating equipments and will go in for a JV with Bharat Electronics Ltd
(BEL), Bangalore, to install a manufacturing facility in the capacity of 250mw for
production of solar photo voltaic cells.
Already an MOU had been inked with BEL and they had developed a prototype model
at a capacity of 8mw. Soon, the JV agreement would be signed and it will be at an
investment of Rs 3,000-4,000 crore on a 50-50 ratio.BHEL is also contemplating
installing a manufacturing facility at its unit here to produce solar thermal power
generation systems.
For this purpose, a collaborative pact has been signed with Abengoa, a Spanish
company specialising in this product. This will require only an incremental investment
at Tiruchrappalli complex since already the Tiruchirappali unit of BHEL is
manufacturing thermal gensets and heat exchangers.BHEL had already come out
with a commercial model, an upgraded version of integrated gasification combined
cycle plant at the capacity of 180 mw. This process is the conversion of coal into gas
and thereafter generating steam by virtue of burning the gas and thereby the
quantum of emission is reduced to an optimum level.
70
WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT USING ECO BIO-BLOCK

Eco Bio Block (EBB) is biological treatment technology for waste water
treatment.
EBB microbes are infused into volcanic material and in normal condition, it
is dormant. When it gets contact with wastewater, the bacteria become
active and will act on the waste water from its domain.
The EBB treatment technology can be applied for..
*
*
*
*
Sewage Treatment Plants (STP)

Oxidation Ponds
Industrial Effluent Treatment Plants.( ETP)
Treatment of Polluted Rivers, lakes, ponds drains etc.
The advantages of EBB technology are the following

*
*
*
*
*
*
Odourless
Easy maintenance
Quick installation
Flexible in reworking
Can be used in STP and ETP (Dyeing, Textile, Distilleries, Paper, Sugar
Industries, etc)
Requires less power for effective operation with less foot print.
The Eco-Bio-Block, is a patent product and is made up of.

*
*
*
*
Volcanic Porous Stone

Cement
20 types of bacteria (EBB Microbes)
Nutrients for special EBB microbes.
The effective bacteria used in EBB are from a kind of fermented soybeans
bacilli. It can be isolated naturally from the environment and has been
proved safe for consumption.
They are safe micro organisms with a determined DNA sequence. The
bacteria prefer the volcanic stones as its habitat. This is because the stones
are rich in minerals and have a fine, porous structure, which is optimal for
the growth of the bacteria. Eco Bio-Block seals the EBB bacteria within a
strong alkaline cement paste in a live and propagable (multiply) state.
71

The growth cycle of bacteria
When the organic matter in the water become lesser, then the reproduction
of bacteria also gets reduced and eventually would cease. The number of
bacteria will drop due to the process of degradation of bacteria.
The relationship of BOD, organic matter and bacteria growth is shown below;
Organic matter
O2
Concentration
Bacteria (die off)
Day
Figure-I. Relationship of concentration of organic matter, oxygen and

bacteria in waste water.
With EBB in the reactor, the amount of bacteria is always kept in balance
with the concentration of the organic matter. The EBB block acts as the
bacteria generator that will ensure the sustainable supply of bacteria to the
system. The modification made to the figure 1 with the installation of EBB
into the wastewater system will become as follows;
Organic matter
Concentration
O2
Bacteria (EBB avoids total depletion)
Day
Figure - II. Relationship of concentration of organic matter, oxygen
and bacteria in Waste water with EBB.
72

Working Methodology Of EBB
EBB blocks are placed in aeration tank in suitably designed fashion so as to
react with maximum efficiency.
Microbes will take 4 to 7 days to get it acclimatized in the new wastewater
environment. Once it is acclimatized, it starts working continuously in an
efficient manner.
The specially infused EBB micro organisms will multiply exponentially and will
continuously treat the wastewater and reduce Chemical Oxygen Demand
(COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS),
Turbidity, Sludge formation and other pollutants present in wastewater.
The EBB treatment can achieve BOD level less than 20 mg/l and COD level
less than 200mg per litre in treated water.
The EBB will continuously maintain some amount of bacteria in the system,
even in the absence of food and oxygen. The bacteria will continue to be
active when there is a sufficient food and oxygen coming back into the
reactor. The bacterial gets continuous supply of food and oxygen from the
EBB bricks. EBB bacteria will balance out the decay process and avoid total
depletion of bacteria.
Exponential growth stationary

No. of bacteria
Decay (die off)
Time
Bacteria in EBB
Figure-III. Bacterial Growth Curve with EBB

For further details, please contact
Mr.V.Srinivasan,
Marketing Manager
SR Environ Pvt Ltd, Chennai
Phone: 778067720 / 044 26185564
E-mail: rajeswari@srenviron.com
73
PRICE DETAILS
Propylene
North American propylene producers have nominated increases of 14.5 cts
per lb for chemical-grade propylene (CGP) and 15 cts per lb for polymergrade propylene (PGP), up nearly 25% from December contract prices of 59
cts per lb and 60.5 cts per lb, respectively.
Shell Chemicals declared force majeure on ethylene and propylene produced
at its 3.1-billion lbs per year Norco, LA plant due to a ruptured steam line in
late November. The smaller of two crackers at the site, a 1.23 billion lbs per
year unit, went offline due to the rupture, with ethylene allocations set at
90% for December and propylene allocations set at 85% source. Shell is in
the process of restarting the unit and lifted its force majeure on ethylene on
January 1, but the force majueure on propylene remains, the source says.
Meanwhile, Dow Chemicals Taft, LA complex suffered a power failure in early
January, taking a steam cracker and several downstream units offline,
sources say. The site has the capacity to produce about 1.3 billion lbs per
year of ethylene and 550 million lbs per year of propylene.
Separately, Chevron Philips Chemical (CPChem) declared force majeure on
PGP in mid-December because it has been unable to meet production
contracts, market sources say. Recent production outages by Ineous and
Petrologistics have added to the market tightness, sources say. Ineos
Cholocate Bayou, TX complex suffered a lightning strike in November, taking
the complex offline and effecting about 2% of North American propylene
supply. Petrologistics, meanwhile, has had a s tream of delays at its 1.2
billion lbs per year propane dehydrogenation unit at Houston, starting up two
months later than planned and operating at rates of about 70% to 75%,
analysts say.
PGP recently traded at around 70 cts-71 cts per lb, while CGP was last heard
at about 60 cts-61 cts per lb. Prices are expected to climb if demand
remains strong amid the supply crunch. However, when availability becomes
less of an issue, prices should ease.
******
Oxo-alcohols
Oxea (Oberhausen, Germany) will increase the off-list prices of certain oxo-alcohols on
February 1, or as contracts allow.
In North America, butanol, butyl acetate, and butyraldehyde will increase by 10 cts
per lb, propanol will increase by 5 cts per lb and propyl acetate will rise 8 cts perlb. In
South and Central America, Asia, Africa and the Mideast, butanol and butyl acetate will
each increase $220 per tonne., while propanol will increase by $110 metric tonnes . and
propyl acetate by $176 per tonne.
74
TENDER
S.
NO.
1
2
NAME OF THE COMPANY
PRODUCT NAME
Indian Oil
Refineries Division HQ
New Delhi
Tamil Nadu Newsprint And
Papers Ltd
Kagithapuram-639 136
Karur District
Tamil Nadu
Tetra ethylene glycol

(TTEG)
Tamil Nadu Industrial

Explosives Ltd
Tel Post, Vellore-632 059
Indian Oil
Refineries Division H.Q
New Delhi
Tamil Nadu Newsprint And

Papers Ltd
Kagithapuram-639 136
Karur Dist.
QUANTITY
IN TONNES
50
TENDER NO.
& DATE
HQMM 104015
Liquid chlorine
Hydrogen peroxide
(50% conc.)
Hydrochloric acid
Sodium sulphate
Purity min.99%
Native starch
2760
1300
600
6500
1440
201195030
201195031
201195032
201195033
201195034
Acetone
27000 kg
Al.Atomised Du
Powder
8000 kg
P.P.yarn 950D
Ammonium nitrate
(melt)
Con.Nitric acid
(98%)
LSHS
Micro crystal wax
Mono methylamine
(anhydrous)
Parafin oil
Parafin wax
Resin
Sodium azide
Sodium nitrate
Sodium nitrite
Sodium perchlorate
Sorbiton mono
oleate
Thiourea
Tech grade urea
Potassium pyro
antimonate
Corrosion inhibitor
15000 kg
2040 tonnes
165
HQMM 104016
Sandwich reel
wrapper 160 GSM
203
2011 /95038
Liquid anti fluff

agent
60000 kgs
207 tonnes
15400 kgs
15000 kgs
30000 kgs
15000 ltrs
21200 kgs
1500 kgs
1200 kgs
171 tonnes
1900 kgs
30000 kgs
34000 kgs
1700 kgs
30000 kgs
600 kgs
2011 /95045
75
TENDER
S.
NO.
PRODUCT NAME
NAME OF THE COMPANY
QUANTITY
IN
MT/KL/NOS
Half yearly tendering basis

Acephate tech 97% a.i. min
Chloropyriphos tech 94% a.i.min
Cypermethrin tech 92% a.i.min
Cartap hydrochloride tech 98% a.i. min
Hindustan Insecticides Ltd

Scope Complex
Core-6, 2nd Floor,
7, Lodi Road,
New Delhi-110 003
R-Rasayani (Maharashtra)
U- Udyogamandal (Kerala)
B-Bathinda (Punjab)
Cartap hydrochloride 4 G bulk

Cartap hydrochloride 50 SP bulk
Carbendazim tech 98% a.i. min
Carbendzazim 50 WP bulk
Copper oxychloride 50 WP bulk
DDVP Tech 92% a.i.min
Quinalphos tech 70% a.i.min
Glyphosate 41 SL bulk
Hexaconazole 5% EC bulk
Imidacloprid 17.8 SL bulk
Neem 1500 ppm bulk
Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5 EC bulk
Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC bulk
Pretilachlor 50 EC bulk
Pendimethalin 30 EC bulk
Profenophos 50 EC bulk
Sulphur 80 WDG bulk
Triazophos 40 EC bulk
Tricyclazole 75 WP bulk
Thiophanate methyl 70 WP bulk
Thioamethoxam 25 WG bulk
Acetamiprid 20 SP bulk
Atrazin 50 WP bulk
Buprofezin 25 SC bulk
2 Butene 1,4 diol
DMPAT 95% a.i. min
20 (B)
53/22(B/U)
4(B)
10 (B)
100 (R)
4(R)
2(B)
7(B)
14(B)
14(R)
5(U)
27/15(B/R)
10(B)
33/25(B/R)
10/10(B/R)
19(B)
21(B)
24(B)
10(B)
18(R)
35(B)
30(R)
11(B)
4(B)
5(B)
14/7(B/R)
50(B)
7(B)
250(U)
150(R)
Packed in brand name

Emamactin benzoate 5 SG
Hexaconazole 5 EC
Indoxacarb 14.5 SC
Paraquat 24 SL
5 (B)
10(B)
4(B)
20(B)
Quarterly tendering basis

Ethylene diame (EDA)
Thionyl chloride (TC)
Carbon disulphide (CS2)
Phosphorus penta sulphide (P2S5)
2,6 Diethyl aniline (2,6 DEA)
180 (U)
700(U)
450(U)
300(R)
50(R)
Annual tendering basis

Monochloro benzene
Chloral
2600/360(R/U)
1440 (R)
76
TENDER
NO.
& DATE
NEW PROJECTS - INTERNATIONAL

Company
Arabian Industrial Fibers Co. (Ibn

Rushd)
Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
Arkema
Changshu, China
CINER Group
Kazan, Turkey
CNOOC
Hainan, China
Dhunseri Petrochem and Tea Ltd
Haldia, West Bengal, India
Maoming Petrochemical Shihua
Myriant Technologies
Port of Lake Providence, Louisana,
US
National Petrochemical Industrial
Co.
Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
Octal Petrochemical
Salalah, Oman
Pak Petrochemical Industries
Karachi, Pakistan
Qatar Petrochemical Co.
Mesaieed, Qata
Qatofin
Mesaieed, Qatar
Saudi Kayan
Al-Jubail, Saudi Arabia
Product
Polyvinylidene fluoride resins
Capacity tonnes
per annum
420,000
(x)640,000;
1.2 million
(x)more than
double; 750,000
(x)50%
Soda ash
2 million
2013
Petrochemicals
2.6 million
Polyethylene terephthalate
Bottle-chip polyethylene
terephthalate
Sec-butyl acetate
Succinic acid
210,000
440,000
2012
2012
100,000
13,600
2012
Polypropylene
(x)400,000;
800,000
(x)400,000;
800,000
600,000
1.2 million
(x)8,000; 20,000
Aromatics
Purified terephthalic acid
Propylene
Plastic finished goods
Purified terephthalic acid
Expandable polystyrene
Ethylene
Linear low density polyethylene
Polycarbonate
(x)180,000;
900,000
(x)150,000;
600,000
260,000
Start-up
2013
2012
2012
2012
2013
2011
2014
2014
2011
77
INFORMATION
ON CHEMICAL
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78
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79
CHEMICALS IMPORTED AT TUTICORIN PORT

DURING THE MONTH OF NOVEMBER 2010
NAME OF THE IMPORTER
Abilash Chemicals Pvt Ltd
Swastic Corporation Ltd
Mincore Resources Pvt. Ltd.,
Mincore Resources Pvt.Ltd
Emmsons International Ltd
NAME OF THE CHEMICAL

Acrylonitrile
Bicarbonate
Bicarbonate
Bright Yellow Crude Sulphur
QTY
80
560
560
18
18
18
18
18
18
19
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
20
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
17
18
18
19
18
19
18
17
17
18
17
17
18
UNITS
Drums
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
VALUE IN
RS.
14,480.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
28,000.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
29,700.00
29,700.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
26,500.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
29,100.00
27,600.00
29,100.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
COUNTRY
Taiwan
India
India
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
80
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
27,600.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
29,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
29,100.00
27,600.00
27,600.00
25,880.00
26,180.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
21,080.00
21,080.00
19,110.00
20,280.00
20,280.00
20,280.00
20,280.00
20,280.00
20,500.00
20,510.00
20,510.00
20,500.00
20,500.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Nubiola Indian P Ltd
Kiran Global Chems Limited

Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dicyandiamide
Dicyandiamide
Dicyandiamide 99.5%
Do Dedcyl Benzene (DDB)
18
18
17
17
17
17
17
18
18
17
18
18
17
17
17
17
19
17
17
18
17
18
18
17
19
18
18
26
26
26
26
26
26
840
840
760
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
India
India
India
India
India
India
China
China
China
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
81
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Packages
Drums
Drums
Drums
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
4,200.00
4,200.00
21,200.00
21,080.00
21,080.00
21,080.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Skm Egg Export India Ltd
Skm Egg Export India Ltd
Vinod Colour Chem
Ramesh Flowers Pvt Ltd
Kiran Global Chem Ltd(Tuty)
Praveen Chem Industry
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Fumed Silica (Aerosil 200f)

Fumed Silica (Aerosil 300f)
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
360
360
800
576
576
576
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
Belgium
Belgium
China
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
82
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,020.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Lawrence Tiles
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Dynavista Industries Pvt.Ltd
Abirami Soap Works
Abirami Soap Works
Light Soda Ash

Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
1485
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
83
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Pallets
Pallets
Bags
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
21,900.00
21,900.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
23,180.00
6,800.00
17,640.00
17,640.00
17,250.00
17,250.00
18,780.00
18,270.00
20,080.00
24,500.00
9,200.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
South India Bromine&Allied Chem
South India Bromine&Allied Chem
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Unik Traders
Glory Colours
Sri Lakosha Polymer Pvt Ltd(Coim)
Sri Lakosha Polymer Pvt Ltd(Coim)
Swastichem P.Ltd
Swastichem P.Ltd
Texsize Specialities
Texsize Specialities
Glorrey Match Industries Pvt Ltd
Sundaram Brake Linings Ltd
Atc Tyres Pvt Ltd
Sterlite Industries India Ltd
Light Soda Ash

Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Liquid Sodium Bromide
Liquid Sodium Bromide
Monosodium Glutamate
Pigment Red 57:1
Polyethylene Titanvene
Polyethylene Titanvene
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Polyvinyl Alcohol Gohsenol
Polyvinyl Alcohop
Potassium Chlorate
Powder Phenolic Resin
Precipitated Silicawl-180
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
15
15
920
920
920
920
920
920
920
20
700
700
850
850
925
900
800
20
360
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
Spain
Spain
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Indonesia
Indonesia
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore
Taiwan
China
China
China
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
84
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Wts Logistics India Private Limited
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
85
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Jsw Steel Ltd
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,590.00
20,590.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
86
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
87
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Drums
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Drums
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Drums
Bags
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,070.00
23,080.00
9,760.00
25,500.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
19,650.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
22,400.00
25,100.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Prs Tyres Limited
Sri Rajeswari Fireworks
Dcw Ltd(Aru)
Dcw Ltd(Aru)
Textile Dyechem Pvt Ltd(Chen)
Dcw Ltd(Aru)
Saint-Gobain Glass India Ltd
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
Tcp Limited
S.Ganesh & Nagendra Co
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Rubber Chemicals
Silica Compound
Soda Ash
Soda Ash
Soda Ash
Soda Ash
Soda Ash
Soda Ash Bicarbonate
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash Dense
Soda Ash
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Chlorite 80% Min
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Hydrosulphite 88%
Sodium Sulphate Anhydrous
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
15
1000
560
560
560
560
560
560
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
560
560
560
560
520
520
360
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
416
500
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
China
China
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
China
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
China
Indonesia
88

Beach Sand Minerals(Tut)
Direct Logistics India Pvt Ltd(Tut)

Titanium Ore Leucoxene
Yellow Crude Sulphur
Zinc Ash Zinc Sulphate
Zinc Ash Zinc Sulphate
Zinc Ash, Zinc Sulphate
Zinc Ash, Zinc Sulphate
Zinc Ash,Zinc Sulphate
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
15
15
15
15
15
18
17
17
17
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
26,420.00
26,420.00
26,420.00
26,420.00
26,420.00
27,600.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
26,100.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
20,080.00
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Egypt
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand
CHEMICALS IMPORTED AT TUTICORIN PORT

DURING THE MONTH OF DECEMBER -2010
QTY
UNITS
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
1040
1000
1000
1000
1040
1040
1040
1000
1000
1040
1040
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
VALUE IN
RS.
26,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
26,200.00
26,200.00
26,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
26,200.00
26,200.00
COUNTRY
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
89
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Drums
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
26,200.00
26,200.00
26,200.00
25,200.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
25,100.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,850.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
23,900.00
16,080.00
24,460.00
24,460.00
24,460.00
24,460.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
Vel Exports
Vel Exports
Vel Exports
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
Worldgate Express Lines Intl(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
DCW Limited(Mum)
Maris Associates Pvt Ltd
Sivanthi Joe Coirs
Sivanthi Joe Coirs
Sivanthi Joe Coirs
Sivanthi Joe Coirs(Pud)
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Carbonate
Barium Nitrate 99.3%
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbide
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium Nitrate Solution
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
Dense Soda Ash
1040
1040
1040
1000
1000
1000
1000
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
225
702
960
960
960
960
26
26
26
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
Israel
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
India
India
India
90
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Drums
Drums
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
26,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
21,100.00
19,100.00
18,500.00
18,500.00
18,500.00
18,500.00
18,500.00
21,080.00
20,290.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,340.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Arasan Phosphates(P) Ltd
Arasan Phosphates(P) Ltd
Southern Petrochemical In Co Ltd(T)
Classic Dyes & Chemicals
Power Soaps Ltd
Power Soaps Ltd
Power Soaps Ltd
Power Soaps Ltd
Power Soaps Ltd
Madura Chemicals
Colour Chemicals & Dyes P Ltd
Asian Chemical Corp(Chen)
Dense Soda Ash

Di - Calcium Phosphate
Di - Calcium Phosphate
Dicyandiamide 99.5%
Dicyandiamide 99.5%
Hydrated Lime
Hydrated Lime
Hydrated Lime
Hydrated Lime
Hydrated Lime
Hydrogen Per oxide 50%
Hydrogen Peroxide 50% Std
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
26
1
1
840
760
749
740
728
735
744
576
640
520
520
520
520
520
560
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
560
520
560
560
560
560
560
560
560
560
580
560
520
520
520
560
520
560
560
520
India
India
India
China
China
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
Turkey
Thailand
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
91
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
25,800.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
26,000.00
27,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Sree Pushpam Indus
Madura Chemicals
Madura Chemicals
Light Soda Ash

Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
560
560
560
560
520
520
520
520
520
560
520
520
520
520
560
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
516
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
560
560
540
540
540
520
540
520
520
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
92
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Pallets
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
10,380.00
23,090.00
17,250.00
17,250.00
16,740.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
25,200.00
9,200.00
13,100.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
E.I.Dupont India Ltd
Sri Saravana Spinning Mills Ltd(Dn)
Swastichem P.Ltd
Swastichem P.Ltd
DCW Limited(Mum)
Thilagarathinam Match Works,
Pondicherry Chlorate Ltd
Pondicherry Chlorate Ltd
ATC Tyres Pvt Ltd
Quantum Drugs& Chemicals
Cargo Partner Logistics India(Tuty)
Light Soda Ash

Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Light Soda Ash
Nylon 612 Resin Cy To Cy
Polyaluminum Chloride
Polyvinyl Alcohl
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Polyvinyl Alcohol
Potassium Chlorate
Potassium Chlorate
Potassium Chlorate
Potassium Chlorate 99.5%
Potassium Chlorate 99.5%
Precipitated Silica
Propylamine
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
520
520
520
520
16
920
850
850
825
500
500
500
1000
1000
360
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
India
India
India
India
China
China
Singapore
Singapore
Japan
China
China
China
China
China
China
Germany
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
93
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Tuticorin Alkali Chemicals&Fertil Ltd
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
25,050.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
94
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
95
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,210.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
24,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
96
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
Quick Lime
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,230.00
20,230.00
20,220.00
20,240.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,220.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,220.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
20,240.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
97
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
19,350.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
Quick Lime Powder

Quick Lime Powder
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Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
98
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
Quick Lime Powder

Quick Lime Powder
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Quick Lime Powder
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Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,900.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
18,960.00
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
99
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Packages
Bags
Packages
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
19,530.00
18,300.00
8,200.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
27,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
28,000.00
26,000.00
26,000.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
JSW Steel Ltd
Amman Match Company
Kiran Global Chems Limited(Chen)
S.S.Mehta & Company
S.S.Mehta & Company
S.S.Mehta & Company
S.S.Mehta & Company
S.S.Mehta & Company
S.S.Mehta & Company
Swastik Corp Ltd
Swastik Corp Ltd
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
Quick Lime Powder

Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
Quick Lime Powder
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Quick Lime Powder
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Refined Naphthalene
Silica Powder
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate.( Salt )
Sodium Bicarbonate.(Salt)
Sodium Bicarbonate.(Salt)
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
900
160
1080
1080
1080
560
560
560
1080
1080
1080
560
560
560
560
560
560
560
520
520
800
800
800
800
800
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
UAE
Belgium
Czech
China
China
China
India
India
India
China
China
China
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
India
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
100
QTY
UNIT
VALUE IN
RS.
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Drums
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Bags
Packages
Bags
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
20,170.00
22,400.00
26,990.00
26,990.00
26,990.00
26,990.00
26,990.00
26,990.00
14,090.00
20,160.00
COUNTRY
CHEMICALS IMPORTED
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
TCP Limited
Polychem International
Tvs Srichakra Ltd
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97%
Sodium Formate-97% Min
Sodium Hydrosulphite 88%
Titanium Dioxide
Zinc Oxide 99.5%
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
416
539
539
539
539
539
539
1242
800
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
China
China
China
China
China
China
China
UAE
Taiwan
101

NCJ Mar 2011

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NCJ Mar 2011

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Volume 18 Issue 6 March 2011

Chlorinated Polyethylene Product Profile77

Dedicated to the cause of chemical industries

NEGLECT OF OBVIOUS PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES WHY?

CARBON FIBRE - INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY

ETHYL SILICATE- PRODUCT PROFILE

CHLOROFORM - INDIAN AND GLOBAL SCENARIO

DIETHYL SULPHATE PRODUCT PROFILE

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

Talk Of The Month

Chemical Industries In India And China Compared

Global Oil Price Fluctuation And Its Implication

New Investigative Publication On Global Oil Price Fluctuation

Indian Crude Oil Output Trend

The Kyoto Protocol Expires In 2012

Carbon Fibre - Investment Opportunity

Chemicals Imported At Tuticorin Port

Views expressed in this journal are

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

TALK OF THE MONTH

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

NEGLECT OF OBVIOUS PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES WHY?

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

NEGLECT OF OBVIOUS PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES WHY?

Need for focus on non petrochemical areas

INDIAN BUDGET IGNORES IMPENDING ENERGY CRISIS

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

The desire to compare the chemical units in

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA AND CHINA COMPARED

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

DUPONT AND DOW CORNING ANNOUNCE

DIRECTORY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN CHINA

DIRECTORY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN CHINA

CONTACT: NANDINI CONSULTANCY CENTRE PVT. LTD

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION

The highlights of proceedings of the brain storming session are provided

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION PROCEEDINGS

Tight supply scenario

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

GLOBAL OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPLICATION PROCEEDINGS

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

NEW INVESTIGATIVE PUBLICATION

NEW INVESTIGATIVE PUBLICATION ON

History of oil prices

Oil price benchmarks & how do they work ?

Crude Oil demand situation

Crude oil demand (estimates by different agencies )

Oil price supply situation

World oil supply capacity growth

Impact of speculation on oil prices

Macro currency issues and its impact on oil price

Can oil price be regulated ?

How is the world planning to tackle the issue ?

Indian Crude Oil predicament

Size of the publication

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

NANDINI CONSULTANCY (S) PTE.LTD.,

Nandini Consultancy (S) Pte. Ltd., Singapore provides services to

Nandini Chemical Journal, March 2011

INDIAN CRUDE OIL OUTPUT TREND