CENTRE OF FOUNDATION STUDIES

FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY I
CHM096

LABORATORY REPORT

EXPERIMENT 1 : REACTIONS OF ALKANE, ALKENE AND ALCOHOL

GROUP : M1 / 1

No.

Group Member

Part of
Report

Student ID

SUFIAH BINTI SAZLI

Discussion

2014203634

LUQMAN HAKIM BIN KAMARUHEN

Discussion

2014692202

JISLYAZMIN BIN AMIN

Questions

2014255874

4
5
LABORATORY INSTRUCTOR: PN. QISTINA BINTI OMAR

Data Sheet : Luqman Hakim bin Kamaruhen

Data Sheet : Sufiah Sazli

Data Sheet : Jislyazmin Amin

TABLE 1: COMBUSTION OF ALKANE AND ALKENE

HYDROCARBON
Hexane
Hexene

KMnO 4 , H 2 SO 4

OBSERVATION
Less soot, blue flame
More soot, blue and orange flame

, Br 2 TABLE 2: REACTION OF ALKANE AND ALKENE WITH

HYDROCARBON

BROMINE TEST

Hexane
Hexene

brown
Light yellow

KMnO 4 TEST
Dark purple
Brown precipitate

H 2 SO 4 TEST
colourless
colourless

TABLE 3: LUCAS TEST

TEST TUBE
1
2
3

SAMPLE
1-butanol
2-butanol
2-methyl-2-propanol

TIME REQUIRED (min)

2
4
1

TABLE 4: OXIDATION OF ALCOHOL

OBSERVATION
colourless
Brown preciptate
White precipitate

Reaction with
KMnO 4
Product of
oxidation (if any)
Colour change (if
any)

1-butanol
Yes

2-butanol
Yes

2-methyl-2-propanol
No

Yes

Yes

No

Brown precipitate

Brown precipitate

No precipitate

Discussions
1. What are the products of complete combustion of hydrocarbon?
-

Carbon dioxide and water (LUQMAN HAKIM)

2. Only one of the compounds tested showed an immediate reaction in the bromine test.
Explain. Write an equation for the reaction.
-

The compound that showed an immediate reaction in the bromine test is hexene. This is
because alkene has double bonds therefore it produces a carbocation and a bromonium
ion. These two ions are very unstable thus resulting in an immediate reaction where the
negative charged bromonium ion is attached to a positive charged carbocation to produce
1,2-dibromohexane.
CH 2=C5 H 10+ Br 2 CH 2 BrCHBr C 4 H 9 (LUQMAN HAKIM)
3. Write a chemical equation for the alcohol that formed a white precipitate immediately.
Name the compound.
-

C 4 H 9+ HCl ( ZnCl2 ) C 4 H 9 Cl+OH

1-chlorobutane (SUFIAH SAZLI)

4. Explain the difference in oxidation reactions for different classes of alcohol used.

alcohol and

alcohol are oxidised by

carbon atom that holds the alcohol group.

KMnO 4

since they have hydrogen on the

alcohol are not oxidized because

have no hydrogen atom that holds the alcohol group. (JISLYAZMIN)

Conclusion (SUFIAH SAZLI)

The conclusion for this experiment is we manage to pull a successful result as the relativity
between the objective and the result are approximately similar.
Based on the result from the experiment, it is clear that alkene is much more reactive when
reacted with other compounds rather than alkane. This is because alkene is an unsaturated
hydrocarbon that is not stable.
The Lucas test and the oxidation of alcohol that was run through three different class of alcohol
namely the primary alcohol (1-butanol), secondary alcohol (2-butanol) and the tertiary alcohol
(2-methyl-2-butanol) showed different reactions.

Questions
1. Draw the structural formulas possible for four isomers of

C8 H 18

(SUFIAH SAZLI)

alcohol

2. Name and draw the structural formulas of primary alcohol, secondary alcohol and tertiary
C5 H 11 OH
alcohol for
. (JISLYAZMIN)

alcohol (Pentanol)

alcohol (methylbutanol)

alcohol (dimethylpropanol)