CILO 6 Systems under the control of the master

gyro and the operation and care of the main

types of gyro- compasses
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
After this module student will be able to demonstrate
knowledge and undertanding on
Systems under the control of the master gyro and
the operation and care of the main types of gyrocompasses in use at Sea

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.01 (ML 1.3.3)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to determine the
1. define the main systems under the control of the
master gyro
2. defines the main types of gyro-compass in use at sea
3. refer to manufacturers' manuals to determine necessary
maintenance tasks

TFRAME
2 hours

CILO 5 Principles of and Errors of of Gyro

Compasses
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
After this module student will be able to demonstrate
knowledge and undertanding on
The Principles of Gyro-Compass

Gyro-Compass Errors and Corrections

Systems under the control of the master gyro and

the operation and care of the main types of gyrocompasses in use at Sea

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.01 (ML 1.3.2)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to

TFRAME
3 hours

1. Review the operating principles of the mechanical/ballistic

gyro compass
2. explain the operating principle of other types of gyro
compasses such as Fibre Optic gyro-compass and ring
laser gyro-compass and their advantages over the
mechanical / ballistic gyro-compass
3. explain the operating principle of other types of gyro
compasses such as Fibre Optic gyro-compass and ring
laser gyro-compass and their advantages over the
mechanical / ballistic gyro-compass
After this Lesson you will be able to
1. explain why a gyro-compass that is damped in tilt will
settle with its spin axis at a small angle to the meridian,
except when at the equator
2. state that the resulting error is known as latitude error
or damping error and varies directly as the tangent of the
latitude
3. state that latitude error can be removed by a manual
setting that mechanically moves the lubber line and the
follow-up system to show the correct heading
4. state that course and speed error is caused by the tilting of
the spin axis, resulting from the ship's motion over the
surface of the earth
5. state that the rate of tilting, in minutes of arc per
hour, is equal to the north-south component of the ship's
velocity
6. explain how the tilt causes precession in azimuth to the
west on northerly headings and to the east on southerly
headings in compasses with liquid ballistic control
7. state that the velocity error is removed by manual
settings of latitude and speed to offset the lubber line
and the follow-up system in liquid-controlled compasses
8. explain how the correction is made in compasses that
employ other methods of detecting tilt
9. state that ballistic deflection results from changes in the
ship's north-south component of velocity

10

10. explain the behaviour of a liquid ballast during a

change of speed or an alteration of course
11. explain that the precession resulting from ballistic
deflection may be arranged to move the compass to the
correct settling position, after allowance for the change in
course and speed error, by choosing a suitable period for
the compass
12. explain that the pendulum of a tilt detector will be
thrown out of the vertical during a change of course or speed,
producing an error in its output
13. explain that the method used in the above objective
is not applicable for compasses without liquid ballistic
control since course and speed error is fully corrected for all
headings
14. explain that errors are limited by damping the
pendulum and limiting the applied torque for large
deflections of the pendulum
15. state that the sensitive element of a gyro-compass is
made such that its moment of inertia about any axis is
the same, thus preventing any tendency to turn when
swinging pendulously as a result of rolling or pitching
16. describes the effect of rolling on a liquid ballistic for
various ship's headings
17. explain why the movement of the liquid causes an
error except on the cardinal headings
18. explain how intercardinal rolling error is reduced to
negligible proportions
19. state that intercardinal rolling error does not occur in
compasses having no gravitational control attachments to
the gyroscope
20. state that errors caused by acceleration of the
compass during rolling and pitching can be reduced by sitting
the master compass low down, near the rotational centre
of the ship
21. outlines the performance standards for gyrocompasses

After this Lesson you will be able to determine the

1. define the main systems under the control of the
master gyro
2. defines the main types of gyro-compass in use at sea
3. refer to manufacturers' manuals to determine necessary
maintenance tasks

2 hours

CILO 4 The principles and errors of the magnetic

compass
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Part of the Magnetic compass

Errors of the Magnetic Compass and their correction

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.01 (ML 1.3.1)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to

TFRAME
3

1. explain the requirements of SOLAS chapter V Regulation 19, in regard to the requirements for the
carriage of magnetic compasses
2. explain that the ships must also be fitted with a
pelorus, or other means, to take bearings over an arc of
360 of the horizon and a means for correcting heading
and bearings to true at all times.
3. describe the parts of the magnetic compass and
explains their function
4. briefly explain the operating principle of Transmitting
Magnetic Compass (TMC)
5. outline the performance standards for magnetic compasses
After this Lesson you will be able to
1. Explain the inportance of keeping a record of observed
deviation
2. determine deviations and prepares a table or graph of
deviation
3. define the approximate coeffecients A, B, C and E
4. State the equation for the deviation on a given heading in
ters of the coefficients
5. describe the conditions which give rise to each of the
coefficients
6. use of the approximate coeffecient A, B, C, D and E
7. describe why coeffecient A and E may exist at a badly sited
compass
8. explain the non-magnetic causes os an apparent coeffecient
A
9. explain that coeffecient B results partly from the ship's
permanent magnetism and partly from induced
10. Explain that induced magnetism maly also contribute to
coeffecient C in a badly sited compass
11. describe how deviation assoiciated with coeffecient
unduced B varies with magnetic latitude
12. explain why deviation due to permanent magnetism
should be compensated by permanent magnets and that due
toinduced magnetism by spherical soft iron correctors, where
posible
13. describe the causes of heeling error and why the correction
doest not remain effective with change of magnetic latitude
14. define the constant lamba 1 and lamda 2
15. define constant mu

27

16. explain how soft iron spheres increase the mean directive
force towards magnetic north and that the value of lamda with
the spheres in place is called the ship's multiplier
17. describe the vertical force instrument and it use in
correcting heeling error
18. describe the methods of obtaining a table of deviation
19. analyze a table of deviations to obtain approximate
coeffecients
20. state that anything which could affect the deviationof the
compass should be stowed in its sea-going position before
correcting it
21. explain the adjustment of the compass by the analysis
and/or tentative mehtods and obtains a table of residual
deviations
22. state that in order in which corrections should be made
and explains why they are made in that order
23. describe how heeling error may produce unsteady
compass on certain headings after a large change of magnetic
latitude and how to deal with it
24. explain why a large coeffecient B may appear after a large
change of magnetic latitude and how to correct it
25. describe how sub-permanent magnetism gives rise to
retentive error
26. state that deviations maybe affected by cargo of a
magnetic nature, the use of electro-magnets for fargo
handling, or repairs involving hammering or welding of
steelwork in the vicinity of the compass

CILO 3 The Magnetic and Gyro Compass

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES:
After this module student will be able to demonstrate
knowledge and undertanding on Magnetism of the Earth and
the Ship's Deviation

Knowledge and understanding on Magnetic Compass

Knowledge and understanding on Gyro-Compass

knowledge and understanding on Fluxgate Compass

Ability to determine Compass Course and Bearing Corrections

Ability to use Errors of the Compass and Azimuths

8. Galileo

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.03 (1.1.5)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to
1. explain the theory of magnetism as applied to
ferromagnetic materials
2. describe a simple magnet, its poles and the law of
attraction and repulsiondescribes the magnetic field around a
magnet
3. describe qualitatively flux density and field strength
4. describe magnetic induction and differentiates between
'hard' and 'soft' iron
5. Demonstrate the ability to determine Compass Course and
Bearing Correction
6. explain the meaning of the terms:
-intensity of magnetization
-permeability
-magnetic susceptibility
7. describe the magnetic field of the earth
8. describe the magnetic field of the earth
9. define 'angle of dip'
10. explainshow the earth's total field can be split into
horizontal and vertical components
11. define 'magnetic variation' and explains why it is a slowly
changing qu.ntity
12. state that a compass needle which is constrained to the
horizontal can respond only to the horizontal components of
the earth's field and the field due to the ship's magnetism
13. describe the effect of introducing a disturbing magnetic
force into the vicinity of a compass needle
14. state that the direction and strength of a magnetic field
may be represented by a vector
15.uses a vector diagram to find the field at a point resulting
from two given fields
16. states that a compass needle will align itself with the
resultant
describes a binnacle and the arrangement of correcting
devices provided
17. define 'deviation' and states how it is named
18. llustrates with sketches the deviations on various headings
produced by permanent magnetism with a pole or poles lying
in the plane of the compass card

TFRAME

19. explains the need for care in the placing of portable items
of magnetic material, including spare corrector magnets, or
electrical equipment in the vicinity of compasses

After this Lesson you will be able to

1. describes the construction of a liquid card magnetic
2. sketch a section through the compass to show the float
chamber, the pivot support and the arrangement of magnets
3. Explain how the card is kept practically horizontal in all
latitudes
4. describe the composition of the liquid and explains how
allowance is made for changes in volume of the liquid
5. describe how to remove an air bubble from the compass
bowl
6. describe how to check that the card is turning freely on its
pivot
7. explain how the compass bowl is supported in the binnacle
8. describe the marking of the lubber line and its purpose
9. describe a binnacle and the arrangement of correcting
devices provided
10. define 'deviation' and states how it is named
11. illustrate with sketches the deviations on various headings
produced by permanent magnetism with a pole or poles lying
in the plane of the compass card
12. explain the need for care in the placing of portable items of
magnetic material, including spare corrector magnets, or
electrical equipment in the vicinity of compasses
13. explain the need for regular checking of the compass error
14. explain why compass error should be checked after a
major alteration of course
15. explain why regular comparisons of standard compass,
steering compass and gyro-compasses should be made
16. explain that the approximate error of the standard
compass can be obtained by comparison with the gyrocompass if no other means is available
17. demonstrate taking bearings of celestial bodies and
landmarks

6 hours

After this Lesson you will be able to

1. describe a free gyroscope and its gimbal mountings

6 hours

2. state that in the absence of disturbing forces the spin axis of

a free gyroscope maintains its direction in space
3. explain what is meant by gyroscopic inertia and precession
the spin axis
4. explain that friction at gimbal pivots produces torques
which give rise to precession
5. state that the rate of precession is proportional to the
applied torque
6. state that 'tilt' as movement of the spin axis in the vertical
plane
7. state that 'drift' as the apparent movement of the
gyroscope in azimuth resulting from the earth's rotation
8. describe non-mathematically the apparent movement of a
free gyroscope on the earth's surface, given its position and
initial attitude
9. use the apparent motion of a celestial body in the direction
of the gyro axis to aid the description above
10. explain how a free gyroscope can be made northseeking by the use of gravity control and describes the
resulting oscillations of the axis
11. describe the use of damping in azimuth and damping in tilt
to cause settling of the axis and thus produce a gyro-compass
12. explain that control and damping can be achieved by
replacing the ballistic elements with electrical signals,
provided by tilt sensors, to produce torques about the
vertical and horizontal axes
13. describe a familiar gyro-compass with particular reference
to:
- the method of support
- control and damping arrangements
- the method of maintaining the heading indication in
line with the axis of the gyro

- the transmission of heading to repeaters

14. demonstrate the starting of the gyro-compass and explains
how to minimize
15. settling time by slewing and levelling it to the correct
heading
16. explain the necessary time for the compass to settle after
switching on prior to sailing
17. list the settings to be made or adjusted while the compass
is in use
18. explain how the repeater system is switched on and
aligned with the master gyro-compass

19. describe how gyro heading input is supplied to a radar

installation
20. describe the alarms fitted to a gyro-compass
After this Lesson you will be able to
1.
2.
3.
4.

Define singles axis and dual axis

Explain basic operation
Explains TMC
Describe solid state type

After this Lesson you will be able to

1. defines true, magnetic and compass north
2. finds deviation and variation from tables and charts
3. calculates true course from compass course
4. calculates compass course from true course
5. measures compass error, using a transit bearing
6. applies compass error to the ships head and compass
bearings to convert to true
7. takes a compass bearing of a charted object and lays the
true bearing off on the chart
After this Lesson you will be able to
1. obtain the error of the magnetic compass or gyro compass
by comparing the compass bearing of the body with the true
azimuth of the body obtained at the time of observation
2. obtains the azimuth of the body from tables, or by formula
or calculation using GMT of observation, information from the
Nautical Almanac, LHA of the body and the observers DR
position
3. obtains from tables or by calculation, using the observers
DR position and information from the Nautical Almanac, the
true bearing of a heavenly body on rising or setting, i.e. solves
an amplitude problem
4. obtains the magnetic variation for the observers position,
using isogonal lines or other information on the chart
5. applies variations to the error of the magnetic compass to
find the deviations for the direction of the ships head
6. calculates compass error and gyro error, from transit or
charted range
7. bearings and bearings to distant fixed objects
After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

Determine position
and the accuracy of
resultant position
fx by any mean

Maintain
Plan a
a safe
Voyage
navigatio
and
nal watch
Conduct
Navigation
Plan and
conduct a
passage and
determine
position

COMPETENCE
OIC

OIC

1.2.4
(OIC)

1.1.1 (ML)

1.2.1.2
(ML)

1.2.1.3
(ML)

CILO 1
xxx (OIC)

CILO 2

1.2.4
(OIC)

CILO 3

1.1.1 (ML)

CILO 4

1.2.1.2
(ML)

xxx (IOC)

1.2.1.3
(ML)
CILO 5

1.2.4

COURSE INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME

Review on the Navigational Publications

Review Four Stages of Passage Planning

The use of routeing

Voyage planning and navigation for all conditions by acceptable methods of plotting
ocean tracks

Terrestrial observations, including the ability to use appropriate charts, notices to

mariners and other publications to assess the accuracy of the resulting fix

Modern electronic navigational aids with specific knowledge of their operating principles,
limitations, sources of error, detection of misrepresentation of information and methods
of correction to obtain accurate position fixing

Review on the Navigational Publications and the Four stages of Passage Planning
Intended Learning Outcomes
After this module student will be able to
1. demonstrate the ability to use Chart Catalouge and other relevant navigational
publicaitons
2. Refresh their knowledge and understanding in using the four stages of passage
planning
The use of routeing
Intended Learning Outcomes
After this module student will be able to demonstrates a knowledge and understanding
of
1. Weather routing
2. Use of weather routing

Voyage planning and navigation for all conditions by acceptable methods of plotting
ocean tracks
After this module student will be able to demonstrate knowledge and undertanding on

1. Plan a Voyage and Conduct Navigation

2. Navigation and Monitoring of Voyage
3. Logbooks and Voyage Records
Terrestrial observations, including the ability to use appropriate charts, notices to
mariners and other publications to assess the accuracy of the resulting fix
Intended Learning Outcomes
After this module student will be able to
1. Review Chart Works an Exercises
2. Use Appropriate Chart
3. Use Notices to mariners
4. Use of other Navigational publications
Modern electronic navigational aids with specific knowledge of their operating principles,
limitations, sources of error, detection of misrepresentation of information and methods
of correction to obtain accurate position fixing
Intended Learning Outcomes
After this module student will be able to demonstrate knowledge undertstanding on
Electronic System and Electroninc Navigaional aid
1. Operating principles
2. Limitation and source of errror
3. Detection and misrepresention of information
4. Methods of correction to obtain accurate position fixing

The use of routeing

Intended Learning Outcome
After this module student will be able to demonstrate
1. proper log and voyage records are maintained in accordance with maritime
shipping acts and other laws and regulations

38

16

20

4 hours

2
2

38

12
12
2

16

20

DECKWORKS OUTLINE
Course Intended Learning
Outcome

2. Deckworks and Lifting

gear

After this course the

cadet/student will be able to
demonstrate knowledge ,
Understanding, Profciency on:

2. Deck works on Cargo and Hatchworks

Course Intended Learning

Outcome

2. Deck work

Course Intended Learning

Outcome

3. Deckworks on Tanker Operations

Course Intended Learning

Outcome

3. De

Course Intended Learning

Outcome

DECKWORKS OUTLINE
Intended Learning Outcome

After completing this Lessons: You will be able to demonstrate the ability to
1.1 Draw and label the parts following Lifting gear: Derricks, Unios Purchase and cranes;
1.2 Describe what is a lifting gear
1.2 Differentiate betaween Crane and derricks;
1.3 Describe a union purchase by drawing and labeling;
1.4 State the safe handling practice for derricks;
1.5 Described a doubling up procedure;
1.6 Describe by drawing and laeling a YO-YO rig,
1.7 Describe by daraing and labelling the part of a Hallen universal derrick;
1.8 Describe by drawing an labeling a Velle shipshape crane;
1.9 State the advantage and disadvantage of a Derrick and Cranes:
1.10 Describe what is a Derrick Teast and Survey and How it is done
1.11 Calculate the stresses in derrecks bby emperical formula.
1.12 State the directions need to be given when winches, cranes and derricks are working;
1.13 Describe by drawing the directions need to given when winches, crane and derricks are working.
Intended Learning Outcome
After completing this Lessons: You will be able to demonstrate the ability to
2.1 Describe by drawing and labeling the parts of a conventional hatchcover;
2.2 Describe by drawing and labeling the parts of a conventional hold;

TIME
FRAME

Intended Learning Outcome

2.3 Describe by drawing and labeling the parts of steel hatch cover:
2.4 Define the following terminology:
.1 Bale Space, Grain Space Broken Stowage and Dunnage
.2 Deadweight, Measurement Cargo and Stowage factor
2.5 State the Duties of the Junior Cargo Officer
2.6 State the Duties of the Chief Officer
2.7 State the procedure on Hold preparation
2.8 Describe how to stow the following cargo;
.1 Bagged Cargo, Barrels and Coals (in bulk)
.2 Copra, Cotton and edible oil;
.3 Flour, Fruit and Glass (in crates)
.4 Vehicles
2.9 Draw and Describe how to use of the following cargo equipments:
.1 Snotters, Bale Sling Strop and Palletization
.2 Cargo nets, Timber dogs and Palte clamps;
.3 Slinging Metal Sheet and Chain Sling
2.10 Explain Natural and Forced ventilation
2.11 Differentiate between Natural and Force Ventillation
2.12 Describe Refrigerated Cargoes and how they are stored
2.12 Enumerate the properties of the following Refrigerants:
.1 Carbon Dioxside (C02);
.2 Ammonia (NH3)
.3 Freon (CC12F2)
2.13 Enumerate the properties of Good Insulating materials;
2.14 Describe "Absolute Cleanliness" that is required during loading of a Refrigerated Cargo by enumerating the
eleven point that should be observe.
3.15 Describe what are a Deep Tanks
2.16 Enumerate what are the openings going into a deep tank;
2.17 Describe the action that shoud be carried out in cases loading a dry cargo into a deep tank'
2.18 Describe the necesarry action that shoud be carried out in cases that deep tanks are use for liquid ballast.

TIME
FRAME

Intended Learning Outcome

2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22

Enmerate the action that should be made when preparing a Deep Tanks ro Receive Liquid Cargo.
Describe a General Cargo Vessels Cargo Plan
Describe what is ROLL ON-ROLL off system
Define the following Terms use on Containers:
.1 Administration, Approved, Approval, Cargo, Cell, Cell Guidea nd Container
.2Conatiner Spreader Beam, Corner Fitting, Existing Container and Flixibel Container
.3 Gantry Crane, Hatches Hold, International Transport and Karilift
.4 Lashing Frame/Lashing Flatform and Maximum Operating Gross Weight
.5 Maximum Permissible Pay Load (P), New container, Prototype and Rating
.6 Owner, Stack, Safety Approve Plate, Tare Weight and TEU
.7 Type of Container, Type-Series of Container
2.23 Describe how to plan to load a Containers up-to 9500 teu's
2.23 Explain what is a container tonnage
2.24 Describe Loadicators and Loading Plan Computers
2.25 Describe a Tanker Cargo Plans
After completing thisLessons: You will be able to demonstrate the ability to
3.1 Define the following Terms general terms use on Tankers
.1 Clean Ballast, Dirty Ballast, and Permanent Ballast
.2 Flashpoint (of an oil), Ingnition point (of an oil), Gas lines (gas freeing)and
.3 Inert Gas, Manifold, pipelines, Sounding, Ullage and Volatile liquid
3.2 Describe the following type of Tankers:
.1 General Petroleum Tanker
.2 Refine Products Carrier and Specialized Carrier
3.3 Deffirentiate Supertankers, Very Large Tankers and Ultra Large Tankers
3.4 Decribe the most dangerous condition of an oil tank
3.5 Desribe a Oxygen analyzer and explosimeter
3.6 Decribed a Fixed Fire Figthing System
3.7 Describe the following fixed fighting system;
.1 Fixed foam, Fixed Co2 Fixed BCF and Fixed Dry Powder
.2 Water Wall System and Inert Gas System

TIME
FRAME

Intended Learning Outcome

3.8Describe a Portale Fire-figthing Equipment
3.9 Enumerate the Common Sources of Ignition
3.10 Explain the following Terms:
.1 Intrincically Safe and Tanker Safety Guides
.2 Emergency Plan and Procedures
.3 Ship/Shore Checklist
3.11 Explain the Danger of Petroleum spirit
3.12 Describe each of the following Cargo Handling Equipment and their use:
.1 Automatic Tank Ullage Gauge, Flameproom gauge and Linen Tape and Brass Weight Block
.2 Sighting Port square, Soundign Red and Spcific Garavity (SG) Glass Hydrometer.
.3Steel Tape and Brass Weight
.4 Temperature Can and Thermometer
.5 Ullage Stick and Wheel Key
3.13 Draw ansd label the parts of a Whessoe Tank Guage
3.14 Describe the function and the structure of a Whessoe Tank Guage
3.15 Discuss the following procedure used on Tankers:
.1When Loading
.2 When discharging
.3 Ballasting
.4 Tank Cleaning
.Safe Entry of Enclos Spaces
.Action of operating failure
3.16 Enumerate the Duties of the Deck Officers During Loading or Discharging.
3.17 Draw a Tanker Lay-out Ventiallation
3.18 Decribe how gas freeing is done on board tankers.
3.19 Enumerate the accidents Due to Tanker Operations and Ship Design
3.20 Explaine the purpose of an "inert gas system".
3.21 Descibe inert gas system base on the the Composition of Boiler Flue System, their advantage and
disadvantage.
3.22 Enumerate the Requirements for Inert Gas System

TIME
FRAME

Intended Learning Outcome

3.23 Enumerate the fitted to theInert Gas system and indicate the macinery space and cargo contorl room
3.24 Describe the anchoring requirments of a large tankers in the way of deeper water and heavier anchor
equipments.
3.25 Describe the types of anchor use in tlarge tankers and flatform
3.26 Draw a Typical Mooring System used by buoy operatioj in a conventional single pint mooring
3.27 Decribe Oil Pollution base on the following Requiremtns or conditions/Situation:
.1 Loading and Discharging of bulk oil
.2 Compulsory insurance for vessels carrying persistent oil in bulk.
.3 Reception facilities for oily waste.
.4 Reception facilities for oily waste
.5 Reporting of pollution incidents
.6 Penalties and offences with regard to oil pollution incidents.
.7 Prevention of oil pollution.
.8 The prohibition of oil discharges into the sea from ships.
.9 Resum of existing oil pollution regulations and what can be expected for the future.
3.28 Describe the Management of Ship Waste/Garbage isn the context of:
.1Pevention o f Pollution by garbage
.2 Ballast Water Treatment Systems
.3 Record Keeping of Ballast Movement

TIME
FRAME

CILO 2 - Echo Sounder

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
2.1 knowledge and understanding on the basic principles of
the Echo Sounders

6. Augmented Satillite System

7. Glonass

8. Galileo

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.03 (1.1.4)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to
1. describe the basic principles of marine echo-sounding
equipment
2. identify the main components on a simple block diagram of
an echo-sounder, and states the function of each
4. describe the physical factors which affect the velocity
sound in seawater
5. operate a typical echo-sounder and demonstrates an ability
to carry out basic user maintenance, e.g. clean platen, change
paper, change and adjust stylus
6. differentiate between range and phase, and demonstrates
an awareness of the dangers of using the wrong phase
7. distinguish between inaccuracies caused by instrument and
scale error and those caused by false echoes
8. explain the causes of inaccuracies due to instrument or
scale error and states their likely magnitude and measures
that may be taken to eliminate them
9. recognize the various types of "false" echo that may be
observed, describes their formation and states the possible
action to remove them from the trace
10. describe the potential errors due to trim, heel and
transducer separation

TFRAME
9

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

CILO 1- Electronic systems of position fxing and

navigation
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. The basic Principles of Terrestrial Navigation System

2. LORAN-C System

3. Enhance LORAN (E-Loran)

4. Global Navigational Satellite Sytem

5. Global Positioning System (GPS)

6. Augmented Satillite System

7. Glonass

8. Galileo

Reference: IMO Model Course 7.03 (1.1.3)

Class Learning Objectives
After this Lesson you will be able to

TFRAME
2 hours

1.2 draw a hyperbolic pattern associated with two foci, with

the baseline divided into an exact number of equal divisions
1.3 explain the principles of the hyperbolae being position
lines
1.4 describe the causes of ambiguity and reduced accuracy in
the baseline extension area
1.5 combine two hyperbolic patterns to illustrate the method
of ascertaining position
After this Lesson you will be able to
2.1 describe the basic Loran-C

3 hours

2.2 draw a block diagram of a Loran-C receiver, showing how

time differences are measured
2.3 describe how ambiguity in a position line is resolved
2.4 explain how the use of sky waves affects the measured
time difference
2.5 describe typical radii of coverage areas
2.6 identifies the Loran chart and the additional information
printed thereon
2.7 switches on equipment; selects chain and relates the time
differences obtained to the correct station pair
2.8 recognises warnings which indicate that the system may
be faulty
After this Lesson you will be able to
3.1 describe the basic operating principles of eLoran
3.2 describe the principal difference between eLoran and
traditional Loran-C Systems
3.3 explain the use of eLoran when satellite services are
disrupted.
3.4 state that each users eLoran receiver will be operable in
all regions where an eLoran service is provided
3.5 describe the control, operating and monitoring systems of
eLoran.
3.6 state that eLoran transmissions are synchronized to an
identifiable, publicly certified, source of Coordinated
Universal Time (UTC) by a method wholly independent of
GNSS
3.7 explain the view mode and signal tracking of eLoran.

2 hours

3.8 describe the advantages and limitations of eLoran

After this Lesson you will be able to
4.1 describe the principles of operation of navigation satellite
systems

10 hours

4.2 state that the system will provide continuous world-wide

position-fixing capabilities
4.3 describe the intended level of accuracy of the system
After this Lesson you will be able to
5.1 describe the basic principles of the Global Positioning
System (GPS)
5.2 describe the system configuration
5.3 state the frequencies that are used
5.4 describs the C/A & P codes

10 hours

5.5 describe how the basic line measurement is obtained

5.6 describe the Dilution of Precision (DOP)
5.7 describe the various DOPs that are used
5.8 describe the various errors of GPS
5.9 describe the reasons for selective availability and the
effect it has it may have on the accuracy of a fix
5.10 describe differential GPS
5.11 describe the accuracy obtainable with GPS and how the
accuracy can be downgraded
5.12 explain WGS 84
5.13 explain why a fix obtained from the GPS receiver cannot
be plotted direct onto a navigational chart
5.14 explain datum shifts
5.14 describe the advantages and limitations of GPS
After this Lesson you will be able to
6.1 describe the basic principle of Differential GPS

1 hour

6.2 describe how DGPS stations can transmit the corrections

6.3 describe the Regional Satellite Navigation Systems
such as China's BeiDou (COMPASS) Navigation Satellite
System, India's Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System
(IRNSS), Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) and
Frances Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning
Integrated by Satellite (DORIS)

After this Lesson you will be able to

7.1 describe the principle on which the GLONASS works

1 hour

7.2 explain the different satellite constellation

configurations under GLONASS and GPS respectively
7.3 describe the advantage of the receiver capable of
operating both GLONASS and GPS "combined GPS/GLONASS
receiver equipment"
7.4 describes the limitation of the GLONASS system receiver
After this Lesson you will be able to
8.3 explains the principle of Galileo as the European satellite
navigation system.
8.4 describes that Galileo comprises 30 medium earth
orbit (MEO) satellites in 3 circular orbits.
8.5 state the satellite geometry and dual atomic clocks in the
Galileo system.
8.6 state that atomic clock signal information is used to
calculate the position of the receiver by triangulating the
difference in received signals from multiple satellites.
8.9 describe the limitations of the Galileo system receiver

1 hour

CILO 4
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

6. Augmented Satillite System

7. Glonass

8. Galileo

Class Learning Objectives

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

TFRAME

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to

After this Lesson you will be able to