1.2 Fundamentals of IPTV

WHAT IS IPTV
D C Sonkhla
DE (MPLS), BRBRAITT
dcsonkhla@bsnl.co.in
dcsonkhla@yahoo.com
919425800989
brbraitt/IPTV/dcsonkhla
WELCOME
This is a presentation for the Topic on :
IPTV for CTO Participants
AGENDA
What is IPTVs
IPTV Services
IPTV Viewing Devices
IPTV VIDEO
IPTV AUDIO
Moving picture experts group (MPEG)
IPTV systems
Home Media Network(HMN)
Digital rights management
Summary
IPTV systems
IPTV systems
IPTV systems link content providers (such as TV
networks) to consumers.
An IPTV system can transfers digital content (such as TV
programs) through IP data networks (such as the Internet)
to devices that can receive and display IP digital video
(such as standard televisions that have a set top box).
IPTV content sources can range from live TV networks

(such as CNN) to niche on-demand content from microproducers.
IPTV systems can delivery an unlimited number of

channels as each television set only require one TV channel
connection which can be linked to any other TV source the
IPTV operator can provide.
IPTV Service Providers

IPTV service providers obtain the rights to transmit
media programming to their customers.
While IPTV service providers may focus on providing
TV services in geographic areas (such as where they
own or control TV distribution rights), IPTV service

providers
can
technically
provide
programming
anywhere in the world they can reach customers

through a broadband data connection.
IP Distribution Systems
IP distribution systems transfer media programs

from the content sources to viewing devices.
There are many types of systems that can distribute

IP data packets
which include telecom, wireless, cable TV

systems, power companies (data over power line),
and competitive access providers (such as new
optical networks).
IPTV viewing devices can receive media in IP form
and convert it into media that can be viewed by the

user.
IP viewing devices range from standard televisions

that use IP set top boxes to convert IP video signals
into a format that can be viewed on a standard
television to mobile telephones with digital video

viewing capabilities.

This figure shows the how IPTV systems are composed of
content providers, distribution networks, viewing devices,
and IPTV service operators.

The content providers include existing television
networks, on demand content providers (content
aggregators), and independent content provider
companies.
This example shows a distribution networks that uses
many types of systems to transfer IP video packets from
the content source to the viewing devices.
IPTV viewing devices include standard televisions (with
adapters), multimedia computers, and multimedia mobile
devices.
The IPTV system operator manages how customers can
connect to the system which services they can receive.
IPTV services
IPTV services
IPTV services are the delivery of media or programs
to viewing devices (televisions) whereby the signals
travel through IP data networks.
IPTV services include subscription services (paid
access), pay per view (on demand), and advertising.
Subscription Services - Subscription services are
value-added services that provide or entitle a
customer to receive or gain access to services.
Subscription services are typically provided with no
fixed termination date and subscription users are
often billed periodically (e.g. monthly) for the
subscription service.
Pay Per View

Pay Per View (PPV) - Pay per view services is the
providing of television programming such as sports,
movies, and other entertainment video that customers
pay per view on a per event basis for a fee.
PPV services may allow end users to interactively
request and receive television channels or programs.
These services are from previously stored media
(entertainment movies or education videos) to

accessing live connection (news events in real time).
TV Advertising
IPTV advertising is the communication of messages or
media content to one or more potential customers who use
IPTV enabled devices.

IPTV
advertising
combines
traditional
television
advertising (one way video commercials) and interactive

Internet advertising.
TV advertising on IPTV systems can be in traditional push
for (commercial inserts) or in advanced form (addressable

and interactive form).
TV Advertising
This figure shows typical television services that
create billing and service usage records for
subscription and advertising services.
TV Advertising
Above diagram shows that television subscription
services include access to local content, live network
programming and pay per view (on demand) services.
Diagram also shows that usage records may be created
for the selection and insertion of commercials and
interaction with advertisements.
This example shows that the money that is paid by the

advertiser may go to the IPTV service provider.
IPTV viewing devices

IPTV viewing devices are audio/visual equipment or
adapters convert IP media signals into a form that can
be controlled and viewed by users.
The key types of IP television viewing devices
include standard televisions that use set top boxes,
multimedia
computers,
multimedia
mobile
telephones, and IP televisions.
IP Set Top Boxes

IP Set Top Boxes (IP STBs) - An IP set top box is an
electronic device that adapts IP television data into a
format that is accessible by the end user.

The output of an IP set top box can be a television
RF channel (e.g. channel 3), video and audio signals
or digital video signals.
IP set top boxes are commonly located in a
customer's home to allow the reception of IP video

signals on a television or computer.
Multimedia Computers
A multimedia computer is a data processing device
that is capable of using and processing multiple
forms of media such as audio, data and video.
Because many computers are already multimedia

and Internet ready, it is often possible to use a
multimedia computer to watch IP television
through the addition or use of media player
software.
The media player must be able to find and connect

to IP television media servers, process compressed
media signals, maintain a connection, and process
television control features.
IP Television Sets
An IP television set is a viewing device that is
specifically designed to view digital television signals
through the IP data networks (such as the Internet)
without the need for a signal conversion set top box.
IP televisions contain embedded software that allows

them to initiate and receive television through the data
networks using standard protocols such as IGMP and
SIP.
Multimedia Mobile Telephones

Multimedia
mobile
telephones
are
wireless
communication devices that are capable of receiving
and displaying digital media such as digital video and

digital audio.
Multimedia mobile telephones contain one or more
signal receivers (such as mobile phone and broadcast
television receivers) along with embedded software that
allows them to receive and decode digital media.
Multimedia mobile telephones may require an added
media player to receive and view IP video signals.

Figure shows several types of IP television viewing
devices.
Some of the options for viewing devices include
multimedia computers, television adapters, IP
Televisions and mobile telephones.

Multimedia computers (desktops and laptops) allow some
multimedia computers to watch Internet television
programs without the need for adapters provided they
have the multimedia browsers that have the appropriate
media plug-ins.
Television adapters connect standard television RF or
video and audio connectors to data jacks or wireless LAN
connections.
IP Televisions can be directly connected to data jacks or
wireless LAN connections.
Mobile telephones that have multimedia capabilities and

if the mobile telephone system they use provide the
broadband web along with the necessary media gateways
IP VIDEO
IP VIDEO
Internet Protocol video (IP Video) is the representation of
sequential image information in digital (discrete level)
formats that are transferred using IP data packets
(datagrams).
The use of IP video allows for more simple storage,
processing, and transmission of video signals through data
networks.
IP video systems create or receive digitized video signals,
compress the digital video, packetize the video and add
destination addressing and control information to each
packet, manage the transfer of packets through a data
network, receive and re-sequence the data packets, and
convert the data packets (render) into a form that can be
viewed by people.
Video Digitization
Video digitization is the conversion of video
component signals or composite signal into digital

form
through
the
use
of
an
analog-to-digital
(pronounced A to D) converter.
The A/D converter periodically senses (samples) the

level of the analog signal and creates a binary number
or series of digital pulses that represent the level of the
signal.
Video Compression
Video compression is the process of reducing the
amount of transmission bandwidth or data
transmission rate by analog processing with digital
coding techniques.
When compressed, a video signal can be transmitted
on circuits with relatively narrow channel bandwidth
or using data rates 50 to 200 times lower than their
original uncompressed form.
Some of the common types of video compression
used in mobile devices include 3GPP, MPEG (MPG),
MPEG-4 (mp4), Quicktime (MOV), Windows
(WMV and AVI), Real (rm) and Flash (SWF/FLV).
IP Video Packet Transmission

IP video packet transmission is the process of
addressing, transferring, and controlling IP video
packets as they pass through switching points in a packet
data network.
A destination address is added to the header part of each
packet before it is sent into the packet data network.
Control information (such as the maximum number of
transfers or hops that may occur) is also added to the
packet header.
IP video transmission usually includes the use of control
protocols that are specifically designed to control the
bandwidth and timing needs for the sending of video data
packets.
Video Packet Sequencing

Video packet sequencing is the process of organizing
packets into a succession that is in a usable format for
the system.
Packet sequencing for transmission is not necessarily
the same sequence that is required by the receiver or
decoder.
Video Rendering
Video rendering is the process of converting media
(such as IP data packets) into a form that a human can
view.
IP video rendering may involve adapting the adjusting
the media signal to overcome errors in transmission
such as repeating the previous image when lost
packets occur.
Video Rendering
Figure shows how video can be sent via an IP
transmission system.
Video Rendering
Diagram shows that an IP video system digitizes and
reformats the original video, codes and/or compresses the
data, adds IP address information to each packet, transfers
the packets through a packet data network, recombines
the packets and extracts the digitized video, decodes the
data and converts the digital video back into its original
video form.
IP Audio
IP Audio
Internet Protocol audio (IP Audio) is the representation
of audio information in digital (discrete level) formats
that are transferred using IP data packets (datagrams).
The use of IP audio allows for more simple storage,
processing, and transmission of audio signals through data
networks.
IP video systems create or receive digitized audio signals,

compress the digital audio, packetize the audio and add
destination addressing and control information to each
packet, manage the transfer of packets through a data
network, receive and re-sequence the data packets, and
convert the data packets (render) into a form that can be
heard by people.
Audio Digitization
Audio digitization is the conversion of sound signals
into digital form.
To convert an analog audio signal to digital form, the
analog signal is digitized by using an analog-to-digital
(pronounced A to D) converter.
The A/D converter periodically senses (samples) the
level of the analog signal and creates a binary number
or series of digital pulses that represent the level of the
signal.
The typical sampling rate for the conversion of
analog audio ranges from 8,000 samples per second
(for telephone quality) to 44,000 samples per second
(for music quality).
Audio Compression
Audio compression is the process of reducing the
amount of audio transmission bandwidth or data
transmission rate by analog processing with digital
coding techniques.
When compressed, an audio signal can be transmitted
on circuits with relatively narrow channel bandwidth or
using data rates 2 to 8 times lower than its original
uncompressed form.
IP Audio Packet Transmission

IP audio packet transmission is the process of
addressing, transferring, and controlling IP audio
packets as they pass through switching points in a packet
data network.
A destination address is added to the header part of each
packet before it is sent into the packet data network.
Control information (such as the maximum number of

transfers or hops that may occur) is also added to the
packet header.
IP audio transmission usually includes the use of control

protocols that are specifically designed to control the
timing and lost packet recovery needs for the sending of
audio data packets.
Audio Packet Sequencing
Audio packet sequencing is the process of organizing

packets into a succession that is in a usable format for the
system.
Audio packet sequencing for transmission is not
necessarily the same sequence that is required by the
receiver or decoder.
Audio Rendering
Audio rendering is the process of converting media
(such as IP data packets) into a form that a human
can hear.
IP audio rendering may involve adapting the adjusting
the media signal to overcome errors in transmission
such as repeating the previous sound segment when
lost packets occur
Audio Rendering
Figure shows how audio can be sent via an IP
transmission system.
Audio Rendering
Diagram shows that an IP audio system digitizes and reformats
the original audio, codes and/or compresses the data, adds IP

address information to each packet, transfers the packets
through a packet data network, recombines the packets and
extracts the digitized audio, decodes the data and converts the
digital audio back into its original video form.
MPEG
MPEG
Moving picture experts group (MPEG) standards are
digital video encoding processes that coordinate the
transmission of multiple forms of media (multimedia).
Moving picture experts group (MPEG) is a working
committee that defines and develops industry standards
for digital video systems.
These standards specify the data compression and
decompression processes and how they are delivered on
digital broadcast systems.
MPEG is part of International Standards Organization
(ISO).
Media Multiplexing
Media Multiplexing - Multiplexing is a process
that combines multiple communication (voice
and/or data) channels into a single transmission
signal or channel.
Media multiplexing for IPTV systems involves
combining audio, video, data (such as closed
captioning), and other information into a single
media stream (channel).
Program Multiplexing
Program multiplexing is a process that combines
multiple program channels (such as television
channels) onto a single transmission path (such as a
broadcast channel).
Program multiplexing for an MPEG system involves
coordinating and merging small portions of programs
into a common transmission path.
Program multiplexing is not usually needed for direct
connections to end users as they only require a single
program channel.
Program multiplexing is commonly used for
connections from media sources (such as networks or
cable companies).
Program Tables
Program tables are groups of structured information
that describe media programs, program components
or other information that is related to the delivery and
decoding of programs.
MPEG tables can be used by electronic programming
guides (EPG) to inform the user of the available
channels.
The EPG is the interface (portal) that allows a
customer to preview and select from possible lists of
available content media.
MPEG Profiles
MPEG profiles are a particular implementation or set of
required protocols and actions that enables the
providing of features and services for particular MPEG
applications.
These applications range from providing standard
television services over a broadcast system to providing
video services on a mobile wireless network.
The use of profiles allows an MPEG device or service
to only use or include the necessary capabilities (such
as codec types) that are required to deliver media to the
applications.
MPEG Levels
MPEG levels are the amount of capability that a
MPEG profile can offer.
MPEG levels can range from low level (low
resolution) to high level (high resolution).
Basic operation of an MPEG system.

MPEG system allow multiple media types to be used
(voice, audio and data), codes and compresses each media
type, adds timing information and combines (multiplexes)
the media channels into a MPEG program stream.
Multiple program streams (e.g.TV programs) can be

combined into a transport channel.
When the MPEG signal is received, the program channels
are separated (demultiplexed), individual media channels
are decoded and decompressed and they are converted
back into their original media form.
IPTV systems
IPTV systems
IPTV systems are the combinations of equipment,
software, and processes that are used to gather
programs from various sources, organize them into
channels, distribute them through various data
communication systems, and allow people to select
and view the programs on one or more types of
viewing devices.
Content Sources
Content sources for IPTV systems include a mix of
traditional television content sources and new media
sources.
Traditional content sources include network TV,
syndicates (shared TV program sources), movies
(through content aggregators), local programming
(news and sports).
New
media
sources
include
independent
programming
(companies,
organizations),
community content (social media), and personal
media channels.
Head End
Headends are the network components that are used
to receive, mange, process (convert formats if
necessary), and distribute (broadcast) digital media
content to television network users.
Headends can range from the simple devices that
convert analog video to digital form for transmission
to the interactive control, delivery, and management
of digital content.
Distribution Network
A distribution network is the portion of a television
system that links the media programs (the headend) to
the end customer's viewing devices.
For IPTV systems, the distribution network is a digital
system that can transport IP data packets.
Because many people watch the same program at the

same time (such as local sports), IPTV distribution
networks may contain media hubs or distribution points
that rebroadcast (multicast) the same packets to people
who are watching the same programs.
Home Networks
A home media network is the equipment and
software that is used to transfer data and other
media in a customer's facility or home.
A home network may be used to connect terminals
(computers) and media devices (such as TV set top
boxes) to each other and to wide area network
connections.
Home networks may use a mix of wired Ethernet,
wireless LAN, powerline, coaxial and phone lines to
transfer data or media.
This figure shows a sample IPTV system.

This diagram shows the IPTV system gathers content from a
variety of sources including network feeds, stored media,
communication links and live studio sources.
Home Networks
The headend converts the media sources into a form that can
be managed and distributed.
The asset management system stores, moves and sends out
(playout) the media at scheduled times.
The distribution system simultaneously transfers multiple
channels to users who are connected to the IPTV system.
Users view IPTV programming on analog televisions that

are converted by adapter box (IP set top box), on multimedia
computers or on IP televisions (data only televisions).
Home Media Network
Home Media Network

A home media network is the equipment and software that
is used to transfer data and other media in a customer's
facility or home.
A home network may be used to connect terminals

(computers) and media devices (such as TV set top boxes)
to each other and to wide area network connections.
Home networks may use a mix of wired Ethernet, wireless
LAN, powerline, coaxial and phone lines to transfer data or
media.
Each household may have several televisions (1-3) and
viewers may desire to watch different programs.
This requires the bandwidth to be shared with each
individual IP television.
Multimedia Needs
Households may have a combination of several
multimedia computers, set top boxes or IP televisions in
each home.
When viewers are watching television channels (different

channels), the bandwidth of each IP television signal
must be added.
Each IPTV connection requires a steady stream of media
at 2 Mbps to 20 Mbps (HDTV).
Homes commonly have additional media needs which can
include Internet browsing (with large file transfers) and
audio connections (telephone and home music systems).
The combined multimedia needs of homes can range from
6 to 100 Mbps.
Home Media Connection Types

Home media connection types are the transmission
mediums that are used to transport signals are data
between points in the network.
Home media connection types can include telephone
lines (twisted copper wire pairs), coaxial cable (TV
cable), data cable (high precision twisted copper
wire pairs), powerline (large untwisted copper wires),
wireless (Wi-Fi), and optical cable.
Home media systems may use a combination of
connection types.
Home Media Systems

Home media systems convert and coordinate the
reception and distribution of media in the home.
Home media systems may automatically configure

devices within the system to prioritize and coordinate the
distribution of media.
For example, home media networks may give priority to

television signals when a large file is being transferred
from the Internet to a personal computer that is connected
to the home media network.
There are several home media system types (such as

HomePNA, HomePlug, and MoCA) and they may coexist and even connect through each other.
This figure shows how much data transfer rate it can

take to provide for multiple IP television users in a
single building.
Diagram shows 3 IP televisions that require 1.8 Mbps

to 3.8 Mbps to receive an IP television channel.
This means the broadband modem must be capable of

providing 5.4 Mbps to 11.4 Mbps to allow up to 3 IP
televisions to operate in the same home or building.
Digital Rights Management
Digital Rights Management

Digital rights management (DRM) is a system of access
authorization and copy protection used to control the
distribution of digital media.
DRM involves the control of physical access to
information, identity validation (authentication), service
authorization, and media protection (encryption).
DRM systems are typically incorporated or integrated

with other systems such as content management systems,
billing systems, and royalty management.
Some of the key parts of DRM systems include key
management, product packaging, user rights management
(URM), data encryption, product fulfillment and product
monitoring.
Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Intellectual
property rights are the privileges (such as exclusive
use) of the owner or the assignee of the owner of
patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets.
DRM systems are designed to control access and

protect the digital assets (such as movies or TV
programs).
Digital assets have rights associated with them that

may be assigned to other systems or people for use.
Rights may be assigned by the owner of the content

which usually contain restrictions on when and how
content may be used.
Rendering Rights
Providing authorization to convert media into a
form that can be heard, viewed or sensed by a human
being.
An example of rendering is the conversion of a data
file into an image that is displayed on a computer
monitor.
Transport Rights
Transport rights are the authorizations to move,
copy or loan content.
An example of transport rights is the transmission of
television programs through a satellite system.
Derivative Rights
Derivative rights are the authorizations to extract,
insert or edit content.
An example of derivative rights is the use of text
from a book or article in a presentation or another
article.
DRM System
DRM systems are a combination of processes,
programs and hardware that facilitate the
assignment, management and enforcement of the
rights associated with digital media.
Media Identification
Media identifiers are unique labels or codes that can
be used to identify any type or portion of content.
Media programs and object within them may

contain long term (persistent) and locatable
(actionable) identification information for specific
content or elements of content.
Rights Assignment
Rights
assignments
is
the
granting
of
authorizations (permissions) that allow for the use,
communication, or alteration of media or information
to other people or systems (e.g. to the public).
IPTV rights management systems must identify
content and the rights associated with it.
For example, some programs may only be distributed
a limited number of times.
Asset Management
Digital asset management is the process of acquiring,
maintaining, distributing and deleting information
(electronic) assets.
IPTV systems may temporarily store and use digital
assets (such as movies or TV programs) provided by
other companies.
Usage Tracking
Usage tracking is the recording of a quantity of
service or material that is transferred over a period of
time or between events.
DRM systems must be able to track when and how
digital assets are requested and used.
Rights Enforcement
DRM systems may control enforcement points that
maintain and manage admission and usage policies for
services.
For example, if a viewer has required to watch a pay per
view TV program, the viewer should not be able to
watch the program again without having to pay again.
IPTV Economics
IPTV Economics
IPTV economics is the identification and analysis of
revenues and costs associated with providing IPTV systems
or services.
IPTV Revenue Sources - IPTV revenue sources include fees

charged subscribers for access to channels, fees charged for
viewing or obtaining media, revenue collected for the
insertion of promotional messages (ads), and revenue
generated from purchase transactions (television commerce).
Subscription Services - Subscription services are valueadded services that provide or entitle a customer to receive
or gain access to services. Subscription services are typically
provided with no fixed termination date and subscription
users are often billed periodically (e.g. monthly) for the
subscription service.
IPTV Economics
Pay Per View Content - Pay per view (PPV) is the providing
of television programming such as sports, movies, and other
entertainment video that customers view for a fee each time the
obtain or use the content.
Advertising - IPTV operators can earn revenue for the
insertion of promotional media that is viewed by potential
customers. The advertising revenue potential for IPTV
operators can be much higher than for traditional television
broadcasters because television commercials can be targeted to
specific areas, homes, or even to specific viewers. IPTV
systems can use addressable advertising (ads sent to specific
boxes), expandable advertising (viewers can choose to see
more), and interactive advertising (viewers can submit requests
and feedback).
IPTV Economics
Television Commerce - Television commerce is a
shopping medium that uses a television network to present
products and process orders. IPTV systems can merge
electronic commerce (e-commerce) systems with their IP
networks to permit viewers to purchase items and services
directly through their television sets.
IPTV Cost Sources - IPTV cost sources include fees
incurred for the use of content, operations cost, systems
costs, and data transfer costs.
IPTV Economics
Content Licensing - Content licensing costs are the fees
paid for the legal rights to distribute the media that is
sold or transferred. For traditional content (such as
network TV programs), the cost of content rights
distribution for television systems ranges from
approximately 35% to 50% of the collected revenues
(see the financial reports of cable television companies).
IPTV systems may offer new sources of content that
have lower costs or the content owners (such as
companies)
IPTV Economics
Operations Cost - Operations cost is the charges and fees
associated with the setup (provisioning), administration,
and management of a business or system. Because IPTV
technology and systems are relatively new, it is likely
that setup and maintenance costs will be relatively high
initially. However, as IPTV systems mature, customers
can self service their orders and automated diagnostics
will dramatically reducing the operations and support

costs compared to traditional broadcast systems.
IPTV Economics
Data transfer cost is the fees paid for the transferring of
data into or out of a data network (such as the Internet).
For companies that own their own data network, this cost
is determined by the network cost divided by the total
bandwidth used by the customers.
For Internet TV broadcasters, this cost is determined by the
bandwidth that is sent through the Internet.
Because data the data transfer rate for digital video signals
is relatively high, the data transfer cost for each user for
standard television quality signals through the Internet can
be approximately 2 to 10 cents per hour.
Summary
Summary
IPTV is about Content. Because IPTV is a switched
video system, there is no limit on the number
channels a system can have. It is possible to have 1
Million TV Channels or more.
IPTV Services can include traditional television
types such as subscription (paid programming), Pay
Per View on demand services. IPTV systems can
earn much more advertising revenue than
traditional TV systems because ads can be targeted
to specific users. IPTV systems can merge ecommerce with IPTV technology to produce very
high value television commerce (t-commerce).
Summary
IPTV viewing devices include standard TV (with
STBs), multimedia computers (PCs), multimedia
mobile phones (with video capability), and IP
televisions (dedicated digital viewing devices).
IPTV systems can be owned and/or managed
networks. The types of companies that can operate
managed networks include telephone companies
(essential now), Cable TV companies (will need to
compete with telephone company IPTV), electric
companies (send the signals over existing electric power
lines), mobile systems (value added service), and
wireless broadband (they need new customers).
Summary
Internet television (Broadband TV) are systems that
distribute television signals through an Internet
connection that they cannot control (unmanaged
connections). If the broadband connection is fast
enough, the quality can be the same as managed IPTV
systems. Internet TV systems can have very low
startup costs and can offer TV programs globally.

1.2 Fundamentals of IPTV

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1.2 Fundamentals of IPTV

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WHAT IS IPTV

This is a presentation for the Topic on :

IPTV for CTO Participants

IPTV content sources can range from live TV networks

IPTV systems can delivery an unlimited number of

IPTV Service Providers

own or control TV distribution rights), IPTV service

anywhere in the world they can reach customers

IP distribution systems transfer media programs

There are many types of systems that can distribute

which include telecom, wireless, cable TV

IPTV Viewing Devices

IPTV viewing devices can receive media in IP form

and convert it into media that can be viewed by the

IP viewing devices range from standard televisions

television to mobile telephones with digital video

IPTV Viewing Devices

IPTV Viewing Devices

Pay Per View

These services are from previously stored media

(entertainment movies or education videos) to

IPTV enabled devices.

advertising (one way video commercials) and interactive

for (commercial inserts) or in advanced form (addressable

This example shows that the money that is paid by the

IPTV Viewing Devices

IPTV viewing devices

IP Set Top Boxes

format that is accessible by the end user.

customer's home to allow the reception of IP video

Because many computers are already multimedia

The media player must be able to find and connect

IP televisions contain embedded software that allows

Multimedia Mobile Telephones

communication devices that are capable of receiving

and displaying digital media such as digital video and

Multimedia Mobile Telephones

Multimedia Mobile Telephones

Mobile telephones that have multimedia capabilities and

component signals or composite signal into digital

The A/D converter periodically senses (samples) the

IP Video Packet Transmission

Video Packet Sequencing

IP video systems create or receive digitized audio signals,

IP Audio Packet Transmission

Control information (such as the maximum number of

IP audio transmission usually includes the use of control

Audio Packet Sequencing

Audio packet sequencing is the process of organizing

the original audio, codes and/or compresses the data, adds IP

Basic operation of an MPEG system.

Multiple program streams (e.g.TV programs) can be

Because many people watch the same program at the

This figure shows a sample IPTV system.

Users view IPTV programming on analog televisions that

Home Media Network

Home Media Network

A home network may be used to connect terminals

When viewers are watching television channels (different

Home Media Connection Types

Home Media Systems

Home media systems may automatically configure

For example, home media networks may give priority to

There are several home media system types (such as