Advantages
Simplifies the intricate 3D construction process
in that essentially 2D slices are being created
and stocked together
1)
Various LM Techniques
Liquidbased
Process: Material in liquid state solid state
Methods: Photocuring, single laser beam method, masked lamp,
two laser
beam
Solidbased
Process: Melting and subsequent solidification of the material
(except
powder)
Methods: cutting and gluing/joining, melting and solidifying/fusing
Powderbased
Process: Sintering of powder in grainlike form
Methods: Joining/binding using laser or binder/glue
PostProcess
Advantage:
Computational efficient for finding
Intersections
parts are
manufactured as it is not possible to manually position
prefabricated fixtures
A secondary operation is needed to remove the support
structure which may
require considerable effort and time
Building direction:
overhang (need support)
accuracy, surface finish
processing time?
Slice thickness:
Accuracy
Processing time
Material Properties
Metals produced using additive manufacturing have
structure, properties, and
performance that can differ from their cast and wrought
counterparts.
Density: While it is challenging to reproducibly obtain
additively manufactured
materials that are 100 percent of the reference density, additive
manufacturing methods
can yield metal densities in excess of 99 percent of the
reference density. Some materials
are reported to have been fabricated at full density and some
have been reported with a
spread of densities (e.g., 99.2 to 99.5 percent). (
Residual stress issues: Residual stresses can be "very high" in
metal parts produced
using laserbased additive manufacturing methods. Mitigation
and optimization
strategies are required e.g., changing the substrate temperature,
scan direction, the
application of postdeposition processing, insitu shock wave
processing.
Mechanical behavior: Generally, because of the refined
microstructure of metals
produced using additive manufacturing, an increase in strength
and decrease in ductility
is expected compared with conventional wrought alloys.
Differences in fracture
toughness and behavior under dynamic conditions are unknown.
Applications
Concept/design visualization.
Fitting/engineering test.
Directuse components
Patterns for investment casting and sand casting.
Shortlife mould making.
Reverse engineering (when an existing
component needs to be