QUESTION:= Some Mutazilite minded people say that Suuni Attributes are nothing
but Catholic Hypostases. They further say Christian Word and Sunni Speech are one
and the same concept.
Please response to them:
REPLY:=
First of All ,One should know what is Trinity. According to the dogma of Trinity God is
a Trinity. Trinity may be stated as as follow:
God is a Being in which there is One Essence and in the Essence there are three
Hypostases.
Hypostase/Hypostasis.[ Alternative term Person]
Being: A thing which Exist.
Essence [Essentia]. A Thing Where By A Thing is That It Is.
The words Form,Nature, Ousia (Substance) may have different meanings from the
word Essence , but in the Divine Case they all means Essence.
The Divine Essence is Per Se Subsistent.
A Hypostasis (Hypostase) is a thing which is:=
1] Individua in Se (Individual in Itself).Not species,not Generas, Indivisible.
2] Substantia (Substance) . It is a substance in the negative sense, i.e Not an
accident.
3 ]Completa [Complete]. It morma as Complete Nature. It is neither an Actual Part
nor an Altitudinal Part.
4] Per Se Subsistens (By Means of Itself Stands). One that is
Sustained(Sustineo,Sustentus) by means of itself. [Per Se = By means Of It Self].
The thing Exists by It self [ and for It Self]
5] Sui Iuris [It Self Binding]. Ultimate Subject of Its Nature,Attributes and Acts.
6] Sui Generis [Self Origin] :No Origin other than itself.
7] Separata Ab Aliis [Separate From Other]. (Ab=By, From,Aliis,Alia=Other). This
Excludes Universal.
8] Substantia Secunda [Substance Second]. A thing which has no Existence a part
from the individual.
1
1]The human soul belongs to the nature as either an actual part or aptitudinal of the
Human Being, hence not a Hypostasis, whether existing separately or not from the Human
Being.
2]The human nature of Christ does not exist per se seorsum, but in alio, in the
Divine Hypostatisness of the the Second Hypostasis. It is communicated
by assumption and so is not a Hypostase/ Person.
3] Divine Essence [Godhead,Divinity, Divine Ousia], It subsisteth per se, is so
communicated to the Three Hypostasis that it does not exist apart from them; it is therefore
not a Hypostasis.
Note:= The human Nature [Divine Humanity] is neither an Essence [,Essentia] nor a
Substance [Ousia]and additionally not a Form.Divine Nature is Substantial Essence not just
nature. A non Pe Se Subsistent may be a nature but not an Essence.
WHY THE HUMAN NATURE IS NOT AN ESSENCE BUT DIVINE NATURE IS AN ESSENCE
The former is not Per Se Subsistent while the latter is. This is the reason why the Human
Nature is neither a Hypostasis/Person, nor an Essence [ Substantial Essence].
Meaning of a Suppositum. A Suppositun [Pl:Supposita] Satisfy the first eight mentioned
above conditions. It may be real or imaginary.Its May be Essence Of It Self or Its Essence
may be communicable to it but Not ItSelf.
Relations and reasons of Hypostases.
Divine Attributes are believed to be Identical to Divine Essence In The Dogma Of Trinity.
1] The Second Hypostasis is believed to be Issued/Proceedes as a Term of an Immanent Act
of Divine Attribute Of Intellect Of God.The act of Proceeding/Issuing from the Attribute of
Intellect is also called Generation. Thomas renames the second Hypostasis as Verbum
Mentale.
2] The Third Hypostasis is believed to be Issued/Proceeded as a Term of an Immanent Act
of the Attribute Of Will Of God.The act of Procession/ Issuance from the Divine Attribute Of
Will is called Aspiration/Respiration and not Generation. Similarly the Act of Generation is
not called Aspiration/Respiration.
3] Three Hypostases are believed to be constituted In the Divine Essence by Four relations.
They are as follow:=
i)Paternitas [Paternity]
ii) Spiratio[Breathing,Aspration,Respiration]
iii) Filiatio [Descent-From-Father; (Father Has Paternitas, Son Has Filiatio]
iv) Processio [PRO=BEFORE,CESSIO=surrendering/conceding]
POINTS TO BE NOTED:=
1]GREEK CHRISTIANITY BELIEVES HYPOSTASES PRIOR TO DIVINE OUSIS/ ESSENTIA.
2]ROMAN CHRISTIANITY BELIEVES ESSENTIA/OUSIA PRIOR TO HYPOSTASES.
3] DIVINE RELATIONS IN THE DIVINE ESSENCE ARE BELIEVED TO BE PER SE SUBSISTENT,
NOT JUST RELATIONS.
4] GRREKS DIFFER IN SEVERAL DETAILS FROM ROMANS. WE HAVE NOT DISCUSSED THEM
IN DETAIL FOR THE SAKE OF BREVITY .
NOW COME TO THE OBJECTION OF MUTIZILITE MINDED PEOPLE WHO MAKE OBJECTION
ON DIVINE ATTRIBUTE.
A DIVINE ATTRIBUTE IS NOT PER SE SUBSISBTENT. IT SUBSIST IN DIVINE ESSENCE.
SO A DIVINE ATTRIBUTE AS ACCORDIBG TO SUNNI THEOLOGICAL SYSTEM IS NEITHER AN
ACCIDENT NOR A SUBSTANCE, NEITHER AN ESSENCE NOR A HYPOSTASIS.
THESE OBJECTION MAKERS NEITHER KNOW CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY NOT ISLAMIC
THEOLOGY. THAT IS THE REASON THE CONFUSE SUNNITE ATTRIBUTES WITH CATHOLIC
AND ORTHODOX HYPOSTASES.
RAITHER THESE MUTIZILITE MINDED PEOPLE DO AGREE WITH ROMANS AND GREEKS THAT
ATTRIBUTES ARE IDENTICAL TO ESSENCE.
BUT THE MAKE OBJECTIONS ON ASHAIRAH AND MATURIDIYAH WITH OUT STUDYING
THEOLOGY OF CATHOLICS AND ORTHODOXE , AND THEOLOGY OF AHLUSSUNNAH
[ASHAIRAH AND MATURIDIYAH]
THIS DOES SHEW THAT MUTIZILITE OBJECTION MAKERS EITHER DELIBERATELY SPEAK
FALSE STATEMENTS IF THEY KNOW THE CHRISTIAN AND ISLAMIC THEOLOGIES OR ARE
IQNORENT OF TEACH ONE OF THEM OR HAVE A VERY LITTLE KNOWLEDEGE OF EACH OF
THEM.
DIVINE SPEECH[CALAM] ACCORDING TO AHLUSSUNNAH IS NOT THE DIVINE
WORD[LOGOS/CAL-MAH] OF CHRISTIANDOM. REASON IS THAT THE SPEECH IS AN
ATTRIBUTE AND THE WORD IS A HYPOSTSIS. SUNNIS [ASHAIRAH AND MATURIDIYAH] DO
NOT BELIEVE IN CATHOLIC AND ORTHODOX HYPOSTASES , AND CATHOLICS AND
ORTHODOX DO NOT BELIEVES IN SUNNI