Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/ - E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.

com ___________________________________________________________________________________________

How to Become a More Successful Language Learner

Mnemonics are techniques that make memorization easier by organizing items into patterns and
linking things together. There are many kinds of mnemonic devices. You should experiment with
different ones to see which work best for you. Here are some you may want to try.
1. Use rhyming Items that rhyme are often easier to remember. When memorizing a list of
words, se if some rhyme with each other words that you know. For instance, in Russian, nash
(our), vash (your), nas (us) and vas (you) should be learned together so that is named,
the other one will instantly come to mind;
2. Learn classes of words Sometimes it is helpful to learn words by class, such as color words,
days of the week, months of the year, and numbers from one to ten. Try to memorize them in
different orders, however;
3. Use natural word associations, such as opposites In your own language, some words tend
to be naturally associated. For example, given the word cold and asked for another word that
instantly comes to mind, most people will mention hot. Word pairs like brother-sister,
husband-wife, black-white are automatically associated in similar ways. Therefore, when words
in a foreign language, try to form pairs so that when one is mentioned, the other instantly comes
to mind;
4. Learn related words Groups of words that share a common core, such as white, whiten,
whitish, are more easily memorized together than are groups of unrelated words. If you have a
list of words to memorize, try to organize them into groups that share a common core, or try to
link a new word with previously, learned words that have the same core;
5. Group words by grammatical class Sometimes it helps to organize a list of words by parts
of speech: nouns, adjectives, verbs, and so on. Nouns are usually easier to memorize than
verbs; and adjectives, in turn, are easier to memorize than verbs. To may, therefore, want to
spend more time on the more difficult classes of words.
(Extracted from Rubin, J. & Thomson, I, 1985. How to Become a More Successful Language
Learner. Boston, Heinle & Heinle Publishers, Inc. page 67-8)

Questions
36 . The objective of the text is:
(A) Associate new words with the learner1s existing vocabulary.
(B) Teach how to associate words with their pronunciation.
(C) Teach new words in the context where they appear.
________________________________________________________________________________
Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/
E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com
10/02/2012 10:57:24
________________________________________________________________________________

Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/ - E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com ___________________________________________________________________________________________

(D) Help people learn new vocabulary more effectively.

(E) Show people how to form new sentences.

37. Mark the alternative in which all pairs follow the patterns suggested in lines
16 to 24:
(A) tall/short; singer/cousin; bread/butter; cat/dog.
(B) difficult/easy; heavy/light; sensitive/ambitious; single/married.
(C) cause/effect; ozone layer/skin cancer; silver/gold; noise/silence.
(D) pen/pencil; teacher/student; intelligent/stupid; sociable/frustrated.
(E) doctor/patient; cheap/expensive; son/daughter; introspective/hungry.

38. The strategy mentioned in lines 25 to 30 suggests that we should group

together items that:
(A) look similar but are not related.
(B) are etymologically related.
(C) are members of the same grammatical class.
(D) have been previously learned.
(E) are unrelated but have the same core.

39. According to the text, it is easier to remember items that:

A) end with the same sound.
(B) have different functions.
(C) have unrelated meanings.
(D) belong to distinct grammatical classes.
(E) are similar in length.

40. Select the alternative that could be replaced by the expression FOR THIS
REASON.
A) however (line 15).
________________________________________________________________________________
Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/
E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com
10/02/2012 10:57:24
________________________________________________________________________________

Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/ - E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com ___________________________________________________________________________________________

(B) such as (line 16).

(C) therefore (line 22).
(D) so that (line 23).
(E) in turn (line 34)

Vocabulary
Pattern padro, modelo
Make fazer, criar, produzir, fabricar, efetuar
Kind maneira, tipo espcie
Device- dispositivo, artifcio, meio, estratagema
Try tentar, testar, experimentar
Often frequentemente
Each other uma a outra, um ao outro
Mind mente, esprito, memria, crebro
Helpful proveitoso, til
However contudo, porm
Such as tal como
Give dar, fornecer
Ask (x) answer perguntar (x) responder
Pairs pares
Way forma, maneira, modo, caminho
Therefore portanto, assim
So that de modo que
Related relacionado, ligado, aparentado
Share partilhar, dividir, distribuir
________________________________________________________________________________
Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/
E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com
10/02/2012 10:57:24
________________________________________________________________________________

Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/ - E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Core ncleo, parte central, cerne

Link ligar, vincular
Same (x) some mesmo (x) alguns
Speech discurso, fala, linguagem, lngua
So on assim por diante
In turn por sua vez
May pode, ser possvel
Spend gastar, passar, despender
Become tornar-se, vir a ser
Learner aprendiz, discpulo
Tall alto
Singer cantor
Cousin primo
Bread po
Butte manteiga
Son filho
Daughter filha
Belong pertencer, dizer respeito a
Length comprimento
Could poderia

Mnemnica
Uma mnemnica um auxiliar de memria.
So, tipicamente, verbais, e utilizados para memorizar listas ou frmulas, e baseiam-se em formas
simples de memorizar maiores construes, baseados no princpio de que a mente humana tem mais
facilidade de memorizar dados quando estes so associados a informao pessoal, espacial ou de
________________________________________________________________________________
Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/
E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com
10/02/2012 10:57:24
________________________________________________________________________________

Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/ - E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com ___________________________________________________________________________________________

carcter relativamente importante, do que dados organizados de forma no sugestiva para o

indivduo ou sem significado aparente.
Porm, estas sequncias tm que fazer algum sentido, ou sero igualmente difceis de memorizar.

Gabarito
36 - d
37 - c
38 - b
39 - a
40 - c

________________________________________________________________________________
Site web: http://vestibular.myht.org/
E-mail: ohsepoa@gmail.com
10/02/2012 10:57:24
________________________________________________________________________________