Joel Biffin
Electricty [1.3]
Joel Biffin
Charge
Relative
Mass
Actual /C
1.60x10
-19
Relative
Actual /kg
1.67x10-27
Proton
+1
Neutron
1.67x10-27
Electron
-1
-1.60x10-19
5.45x104
9.11x10-31
Joel Biffin
(Virtual) Photon
W+ or W-
Gluon
Gravitron / Higgs-Boson
Electron Capture
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Beta- Decay
Definitions
Specific Charge
Isotope
The charge (in coulombs) divided by the mass (in kg). Sometimes referred to
as the charge to mass ratio
A nucleus with the same number of protons but with a different number of
neutrons
Joel Biffin
Wave-Particle Duality
- When an electron beam is fired at metal foil the electrons are diffracted by the foil - this is an
example of particles behaving in a wave-like nature.
- The photoelectric effect is an example of waves behaving in a particle-like nature as the energy is
absorbed from incident light.
- The de Broglie equation for wavelength allows us to compare particle properties and wave properties
in order to make calculations using a mixture of data types.
Joel Biffin
Definitions
Photoelectric Effect
Work Function
Line Spectra The characteristic wavelengths of light produced by individual excited atoms
Joel Biffin
Electricity [1.3]
- Superconductors are materials that at (or below) a certain temperature have a resistivity of zero.
- Superconductors can be very useful in making strong magnets.
Potential Divider
- The potential divider can be used to change the voltage supply in a circuit.
> Can be used in volume controls, for example.
Joel Biffin
Electricity [1.3]
Definitions
Electric Current The number of coulombs of charge passing a point every second
Potential Difference
Resistance
The work done per unit charge in moving charges from one point in the circuit
to another
The ratio of the potential difference across a component to the current
through it
Ohmic
The ratio of the potential difference to current remains constant
Conductor/Resistor
Ohms Law
Critical Temperature
Kirchoffs 1st Law The sum of the currents into a junction is zero
Kirchoffs 2nd Law In any closed loop, the sum of the EMF equals the sum of the p.d.
E.M.F.
The total energy supplied (per coulomb) given to charges as they pass through
the cell
Internal Resistance The resistance inside a component which supplies power (e.g. Battery/Cell)
Useful Volts The p.d. across the terminals of the power supply
Lost volts The p.d. across the internal resistance of the power supply
Time Base
Y-Gain
The control on an oscilloscope which changes the time it takes for the beam to
cross the screen horizontally
The control on an oscilloscope which changes the sensitivity of the vertical
voltage scale
Joel Biffin