J.B. Haldin, who wrote the essay On being ones own rabbit, conducted many
risky medical experiments on his own body. Professionals are responsible
experimenters. They have so many responsibilities for serving the society.,
1) A primary duty is to protect the safety of human beings.
2) Having a clear awareness of the experimental nature of any project, thoughtful
forecasting of its possible side effects, and an effort to maintain them reasonably.
3} Unrestricted free personal involvement in all steps of a project.
4) Being accountable for the results of a project.
5) Exhibiting their technical competence and other characteristics of
professionalism.
When we take the above responsibilities of a professional into account we can
justify that the medical experiments conducted by J.B. Haldin on his own body, are
normally desirable. If we consider it as a voluntary risk, then, it can be viewed as
morally desirable. People take up these kinds of risky actions because they believe
that they have full control over their actions. We can consider the practice of J.B.
Haldin as Job- related risk. From this viewpoint also, it can be considered as
morally desirable. His practice can be considered in view of informed consent
also. His knowledge about the practice has resulted in voluntariness.
When we consider sentient-centred ethics, the version of nature-centred ethics
recognizes all sentient animals as having inherent worth. Sentient animals are those
that feel pain and pleasure and have desires. Thus some utilitarians extend their
theory of right action to animals also.
Taking this view into consideration, J.B. Haldin might have avoided using animals
for his experiments. Such practice would have been against his honesty and,
conscience. Considering all the above viewpoints, we can say that J.B. Haldins
practice is morally justifiable and desirable. But when we consider him as an
important professional required for the society (as he can contribute so much to the
Character; Virtue ethics emphasises character more than rules and rights. Character is the pattern
of virtues and vices (in other words morally desirable features and morally undesirable features).
Virtues are desirable habits or tendencies in action, commitment, motive, attitude, emotion, ways
of reasoning and ways of relating to others.
Vices are morally undesirable habits or tendencies. Specific virtues which influence ones
personal and professional life are: competence, honesty, courage, fairness, loyalty and humility.
Specific vices are: incompetence, dishonesty, cowardice, unfairness, disloyalty and arrogance.
All these play a definite major role in ones personal and professional life.
Honesty can be considered as the foundation of virtue which builds the character. The value of
engineering service is mainly based on honesty. Honesty mainly refers to two aspects: (i)
Truthfulness, (ii) Trustworthiness.
Honesty is the very basic virtue for those who engage themselves in the relationships with other
employers and clients. Honesty is a mandatory character especially to professionals like
engineers, lawyers and doctors.
Courage is another character mandatory for engineers, and other professionals. Courage is the
tendency to face dangers and difficult jobs in rational ways and with self-control. People with
courage are ready to take up any kind of risks.
Collegiality is an essential characteristic needed for any professional. Collegiality is the tendency
to support or cooperate with colleagues. The important aspects of collegiality are as follows: (i)
Respect, (ii) Cooperation, (iii) Commitment and (iv) Connectedness.
Self confidence in everyone develops a sense of partnership respects and accountability. Self
confident people will definitely come forward to take up risks, as they generally trust their own
abilities.
2) Power to comprehend, classify and critically examine the arguments on both sides of a
moral issue.
3} Ability to make comprehensive and consistent viewpoints based on relevant facts.
4) Ability to have creative solution for practical difficulties.
5) Sensitivity to difficulties including the willingness to tolerate trouble for some decisions.
6) Increased precision in the use of common ethical language.
7) Appreciation for using rational dialogue in resolving moral conflicts and tolerance of
differences in perception of morally reasonable people.
8)