Cylindrical Cyclone Separator

Tanaka Lab.

Analysis Condition
Cf.article
(Akiyama)

Z=0

Analysis Condition

Analysis
Program

FrontFlow/blue

Fluent 15.0

Xflow2014

Time

Unsteady

Steady/
Unsteady

Unsteady

Analysis
Model

LES

SST k-, LES

Standard k-
Standard k-

WMLES

Element
Number

17,000,000

820,000/
7,900,000

4,000,000

Element
Structure

Hexa

Tetra,
Hexa

Octant tree

Inlet

9.47 [m/s] Re = 4.38104

Outlet

0 [Pa]
2

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Tangential Velocity
Comparisons of computed and measured tangential velocity in Z/D=-2.43, -3.57
z/D=-3.57

z/D=-2.43
2.0

2.0

u/ UIN

u/ UIN

Exp
LES Akiyama
SST k-
k-
k-
XFLOW
LES(FLUENT)
1.0

1.0

0.0

0.0
-0.5

0.0

0.5

-0.5

x/D

0.0

0.5

x/D

An analysis result of XFLOW is the closest to experimental value in each model.

LES (FLUENT) approximately 50% are overestimated in comparison
with experimental value.
SST k-, k-, k- model computed steady-state analysis.
3

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Axial Velocity
Comparisons of computed and measured axial velocity in Z/D=-2.43, -3.57
z/D=-2.43

z/D=-3.57
1.0

1.0

Exp
LES Akiyama
SST k-
k-
k-
XFLOW
LES(FLUENT)

0.5

w / UIN

w / UIN

0.5

0.0

0.0

-0.5

-0.5
-0.5

0.0

0.5

-0.5

x/D

0.0

0.5

x/D

In five models, a tendency of XFLOW make advances in comparison with an experimental data in
z/d=-2.43 , z/d=-3.57.

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Tangential Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
2.5

u /UIN

LES(FLUENT)

u /UIN

2.5

z/D = -0.335

Computed
x

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

A tendency seems similar and can catch a whirlpool core clearly qualitatively.
5

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Axial Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
1.5

-0.5

w/UIN
x

w/UIN
x
-0.5

z/D = -0.335

LES(FLUENT)

1.5

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

A tendency comes closer qualitatively.

6

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Tangential Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
2.5

u /UIN
x

SST k-
z

u /UIN

2.5

z/D = -0.335

Computed
x

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The circumferential high-speed flow around the central axis of the spiral whirl core could not be confirmed.
7

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Axial Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
1.5

-0.5

w/UIN
x

SST k-
z

w/UIN

x
-0.5

z/D = -0.335

Computed
1.5

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The flow suddenly damps below at z/D=-2.43, and the high-speed upswing around the central axis could not be confirmed.
8

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Tangential Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
2.5

u /UIN
x

Standard k-
z

u /UIN

2.5

z/D = -0.335

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The high-speed circumferential flow around the central axis of the spiral whirlpool could not be confirmed.
9

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Axial Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
1.5

-0.5

w/UIN
x

w/UIN

x
-0.5

z/D = -0.335

Standard k-

1.5

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The flow suddenly damps below at z/D=-2.43, and the high-speed upswing around the central axis could not be confirmed.
10

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Tangential Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
2.5

u /UIN
x

u /UIN

2.5

z/D = -0.335

Standard k-

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

I cannot confirm the high-speed turning speed of the central axis circumference of the spiral whirlpool.
11

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Axial Velocity (Steady)

y

Cf.article
1.5

-0.5

w/UIN
x

w/UIN
x
-0.5

z/D = -0.335

Standard k-

1.5

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The flow suddenly damps below at z/D=-2.43, and the high-speed upswing around the central axis could not be confirmed.
12

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Tangential Velocity at t=3.0[s]

y

Cf.article
2.5

u /UIN
x

u/UIN

z/D = -0.335

LES(XFLOW)

2.5

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The influence through difference of the calculation lattice can be seen, but the circumferential velocity distributions
comes closer qualitatively.
13

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison of Axial Velocity at t=3.0[s]

y

Cf.article
1.5

-0.5

w/UIN
x

w/UIN

-0.5

z/D = -0.335

LES(XFLOW)

1.5

Computed

z/D = -0.335
Flow

z/D = -2.43

z/D = -2.43

Vortex
Table

z
y

z/D = -3.57

z/D = -3.57

The flow comes closer qualitatively. Because the width of contour cannot be controlled, the comparison is difficult.
14

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Comparison between XFLOW and FLUENT

FLUENT 7,900,000element

XFLOW 3,900,000 element

z
y
x
x

z/D = -0.335

z/D = -2.43

u /UIN

u/UIN
z/D = -3.57

2.5

Because line-formed distributions are seen in XFLOW, so XFLOW realizes higher precision than FLUENT.
15

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

2.5

Conclusion
conclusions

Using each model of the numerical analysis, the comparison between

the experimental values, used for the article of Akiyama and the calculated values
through XFLOW and FLUENT.
The vortex core of the spiral whirlpool could not arrive at to a vortex table
in SST k-, Standard k-, Standard k- model, even the phenomena could be
seen in the experiment of Akiyama.
In all calculation models, XFLOW gives the closest results with the
experimental value quantitatively.

16

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Stairmand Cyclone Separator

Tanaka Lab.

Cf. Article
Derksen, J.J., Separation Performance Predictions of a Stairmand High-Efficiency Cyclone,
AIChE Journal, Vol. 49, No. 6 (2003), pp. 1359-1371.
2D

4D

1.5D
1.5D

2.5D
D

0.14D
0.5D

0.84D

0.52D

y
D

0.37D

0.5D

Dust Collection Box

Vortex Finder

Feed Chamber

0.62D

Inlet

Outlet

0.2D

Swirl Stop
z

0.36D

0.51D

D = 0.29 [m]

18

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Analysis Condition
Cf. article
(Derksen)
Measurement
Location

Analysis Condition

Analysis
Program

Fluent 15.0

Xflow2014

Time

Unsteady

Steady/
Unsteady

Unsteady

Analysis
Model

LES

SST k-, LES

Standard k-
Standard k-

WMLES

Element
Number

7,700,000

380,000/
8,800,000

100,000/
9,300,000

Element
Structure

Hexa

Hexa

Octant tree

3.25D

z
y

16.1 [m/s] Re 2.8105

Inlet
Outlet

=0

19

0 [Pa]
Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Tangential Velocity and Axial Velocity

Steady Viscosity model 3,800,000element(FLUENT)
2

11
LES Darksen

Exp Hoekstra

Exp Hoekstra

SST k-

SST k-

Realizable k-e

Realizable k-e

Velocity uz/Uin

Velocity u/Uin

LES Darksen

RNG k-e
RSM
Standard k-

RNG k-e

0.5
0.5

RSM
Standard k-

00

-1

-2

-1

-0.5
-0.5

-1
-1

Location x/R

00

11

Location x/R

The evaluation of tangential velocity near the wall is not appropriate.

The distribution of axial velocity is much different at the center of pipe, compared with experimental result.

20

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Tangential Velocity and Axial Velocity

Unsteadyt = 0.735 [s] LES

8,800,000 element(FLUENT)
100,000 element(XFLOW)
1

LES Darksen

Exp Darksen

Exp Darksen

LES(FLUENT)

LES(FLUENT)
XFLOW

XFLOW

Velocity uz/Uin

Velocity u/Uin

LES Darksen

0.5

-1

-2

-0.5
-1

Location x/R

-1

Location x/R

The gap of the peak values is caused by unsteady flow analysis. The results of XFLOW are instantaneous values.
The difference of axial velocity is caused by strong unsteadiness of the vortex core of the spiral whirlpool.
21

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Tangential Velocity and Axial Velocity

Average(Time) (1[s]~3[s])

WMLES

9,300,000element(XFLOW)
0.75D

2
LES Darksen

LES Darksen

Exp Darksen

Exp Darksen

Xflow

w/

Xflow

Measurement
location

-2
0.5

-0.5
0.5
-0.5

x/D

-0.5

x/D

Both of tangential velocity and axial velocity correspond to experimental result qualitatively.
The peak value of tangential velocity is 25% bigger than the experimental result in our evaluation.
The peak value of axial velocity is 10% bigger than the experimental result in our evaluation.
22

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

The time required in the XFLOW analysis

XFLOW
FLUENT

Analysis

Element
number

time

Simulation
CPU(core)
time

Stairmand cyclone

9,300,000

Unsteady

3.0[s]

40(20)

180[h]

Stairmand cyclone

100,000

Unsteady

10.0[s]

6[h]

Akiyama cyclone

3,920,000

Unsteady

3[s]

16

140[h]

Stairmand cyclone

8,800,000

Unsteady

5[s]

20

168[h]

Stairmand cyclone

3,800,000

Unsteady

5[s]

20

72[h]

Akiyama cyclone

7,900,000

Unsteady

3[s]

20

168[h]

Analysis

Unsteady analysis only

23

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab

Conclusion
Conclusions
The analysis through LES of XFLOW realizes unsteady motion of inside flow correctly.
The results of XFLOW LES shows that the velocity near the wall is different from the experimental results
because of influence of boundary condition and calculation lattice.
Even though LES XFLOW result with 9,300,000 element still has a little gap compared with the experiments, but
the LES result and peak values agree with the experiments qualitatively.

24

Tanaka Kazuhiro Lab