doi: 10.1037/t35200-000
Items
Managers give employees freedom to express their ideas
Employees are respected
Employees have a say in matters that directly involve them
Managers encourages employees to speak up, when they disagree with a decision
Each employee is treated as a total person
Employees are supported by their superiors
Whenever an employee is ill, managers ask about him/her with interest
Managers try to help employees to solve work problems
Criticisms raised by employees are discussed with the managers
Employees are informed on matters that directly affect them
The glue of the organization are formal rules and policies
What employees have to do is strongly determined by formal procedures
Everything in the organization is done according to previously defined procedures
The instructions are generally written down
The jobs are performed according to previously defined procedures
Control and centralization are important
Routines and structure are some of the marked characteristics of this organization
This organization frequently searches for new markets for existing products
People are frequently searching for new products and services or improvements for existing
products and services
There is a lot of investments in new products in this organization
Employee
orientation
Formalization
Innovation
*0.83
*0.80
*0.79
*0.76
*0.75
*0.75
*0.72
*0.72
*0.69
*0.64
*0.11
*0.12
*0.17
*0.18
*0.28
*0.04
*0.04
*0.09
*0.32
*0.06
*0.13
*0.10
*0.13
*0.11
*0.16
*0.21
*0.21
*0.10
*0.24
*0.79
*0.77
*0.75
*0.65
*0.63
*0.60
*0.59
*0.11
*0.10
*0.19
*0.20
*0.20
*0.21
*0.15
*0.29
*0.10
*0.24
*0.17
*0.30
*0.07
0.03
*0.14
*0.08
*0.17
*0.12
*0.05
*0.81
*0.78
*0.12
*0.09
*0.66
doi: 10.1037/t35200-000
Items
Employee
orientation
Formalization
Innovation
Innovation and risk taking is one of the marked characteristics of this organization
Assistance in developing new ideas is generally readily available
There is an emphasis on competitive actions and achievements
People are always searching for new ways of approaching problems
*0.34
*0.55
*0.32
*0.42
0.02
*0.09
*0.24
*0.24
*0.64
*0.57
*0.52
*0.50