SHAH ALAM
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT:
PREPARED BY:
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that I have undergone this thesis project on my own and I am responsible
for the work submitted in this project. As to achieve the degree in Bachelor of Science
(Hons) Data Communication and Networking from University of Mara, Shah Alam. This
report is written as to fulfill the requirement of the Bachelor of Science (Hons) Data
Communication and Networking.
.
(Norin Azmiah Binti Ahmad)
2003470867.
Bachelor of Sc. (Hons) Data Communication and Networking.
Jun2003 Jun2006
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By:
Ms. Norin Azmiah Binti Ahmad.
( 2003470867 )
The project paper is submitted to the
_____________________________
(Supervisor: Pn. Zan Azma Nasruddin)
______________________________
(Examiner: Pn. Nor Azimah Khalid)
_____________________________
(
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalammualaikum w.b.k. First of all syukur Alhamdullilah, to dear God for His Bless
and Will as I am able to complete my final year project the development of Door Lock
Alert System project as the requirement of the Bachelor of Science (Hons) Data
Communication and Networking.
I would like to begin my acknowledgment with highly appreciation and thanks so much
to my dear parent for their bless and understanding, to all my sisters and brothers for the
supports
Special appreciations to my dear electrical engineerings friends who are willing to help
me in the process of developing my project, Mr. Mohd Iswadi (German Malaysian
Institute) and Nur Idora (UiTM Shah Alam) .Last but not least to all my friends your
cooperation were also so much valuable for me. Thank you.
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ABSTRACT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
DECLARATION.ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT.iv
ABSTRACT..v
TABLE OF CONTENT..........vi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.ix
LIST OF FIGURE......................................................................................xi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
page
page
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CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
page
3.1 Discoveries..25
3.1.1 Project ideas....25
3.1.2 Information gathering........25
3.2 Design......26
3.2.1 Projects works flow chart.........26
3.2.2 The projects flow work design.....27
page
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CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS
page
Recommendation....54
Reference ....55
Appendix..57
Appendix 1.......58
Appendix 2...........60
Appendix 3.......66
Appendix 4...................................................................................................67
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LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS
4. DC - Direct Current, an electric current that flows in only one direction with
essentially constant value
7. LED - Light Emitting Diode, emits light when current is passed through it.
8. (MHz) - Megahertz, a frequency of one-million Hertz, or 106 cycles per second
10. Sensitivity: - the ratio of the output value to the input value.
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11. Short Circuit - include a wire or other component into a circuit, which effectively
nullifies a component of that circuit, or leaves the voltage across the component
unchanged in its AC or DC signal.
12. Signal -
information
14. V - Volt, the unit of electric potential difference that and electromotive force
equal to the difference of potential between two points on a conductor carrying a
constant one-ampere current when the power dissipated between these two points
is equal to one watt.
15. Voltage - the difference in electric potential, expressed in volts, between two
points.
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LISTS OF FIGURES
Chapter 2
page
Figure 1.10
Figure 2.11
Figure 3.12
Figure 4.15
Figure5......17
Figure 6.....................19
Figure 7.21
Chapter 3
page
Figure 8....................30
Figure 9....................32
Figure 10......34
Figure 11......34
Figure 12..35
Figure 13..35
Chapter 4
page
Figure 14..39
Figure 15..42
Figure 16..................43
Figure 17..44
Figure 18..................45
Figure 19..46
Figure 20..47
Figure 21..................48
Figure 22......50
Figure 23..51
Figure 24..................52
Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad
xi
Bach. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking
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CHAPTER 1
THE INTRODUCTION
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Crimes that involve housebreaking keeps happen around us, there are many factors that
can be the reasons why did these crimes keep happening around us. some of the
possibility of the factors that lead to these crimes are come from the member of the house
itself, most of it are caused by as the carelessness and lack of motivations to verify the
security of the house. Therefore, as the solution to these problems, a project to
developing a prototype of tool that can help people to become more alert of their own
safety was done. The project is focusing on developing a tool that can help people to
reduce their carelessness and to improve their motivation as well to being more alert of
verifying the door of the house was properly locked. Besides it is also aimed to be an
affordable device so that it can able to help to increase the level of security of each house
in our society, the project is called as The Door Alert System (prototype), or DLAS,
which was composed by the electronic based. The device is provided with time setting,
intrusion detector, and the interface components such as keypad for time setting.
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As stated. The Door Lock Alert System (prototype) or DLAS is an electronic based
project, where the idea of producing this project was derived by the crimes that keep
happening around home areas, which was caused by the carelessness factors and lack of
motivation factors.
The project is about to develop a portable product that can compatible with all kind of
door. The DLAS is an optional home security devices which was been simplified from
the existing products, it is easy to use, expected to be cost effective and adjustable by
users.
The DLAS was composed of main electronics circuits and electronics component such
as:
Time setting system, or the alarm system where the default time can be setup by
the users themselves
Alarm / sirens that will making much noise in order to alert the users if the door
wasnt locked after the default-time was reached.
The interface component of the project will be some pressed button and LED.
Where the LED will act as an interaction component between the DLAS and the
users, the LED will give the understanding to the users whether the DLAS was
activated or not. While the pressed button will act as the switch to enable the
system
Burglar alarm circuit or intrusion detector system, which is, connected to the
switches, where it will detect any the intrusions while the system is activated. In
other words if the door was detected moving while the DLAS is active, the DLAS
will responds by making noise.
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In order to find the solution of the problems that stated at the previous page, an
electronic based project was developed. The project developed is to help to reduce the
carelessness besides to give the security to the house itself, but the project is only
focusing on developing an electronic system that would act as a tool, which can help
people to become more aware or alert of their own safety; it does not support automatic
features such as auto-lock system in order to give some kind of motivation to the users to
be more alert to verify the safety of their own. Meanwhile the survey that been conducted
had limited quantity of correspondents and it do not covers the testing of the product
because of the time constraint and other problems that occurs during the process of the
project.
On the other hand, in other word the limitations of this project are:
The system only focusing on alert system, no automatic features such as autolock facilities provided
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1.4 Objectives
To develop an electronic based project that could act as a tool that able to help
users to become more alert to verify their own safety.
Able to achieve the goal, that is to help to reduce the carelessness and lack of
motivation amongst people in verifying the safety of their house, besides could
act as the security system once the system is activated.
Increase the variety of optional of home security system. Gives the users more
option to choose the home security system besides the existing products in the
market place
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CHAPTER 2
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Electronic zone, (2006). 4-in-1 burglar alarm. Retrieved January 25, 2006
From http//:www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/4in1_burglaralarm.htm
In this circuit, the alarm will be switched on under the following four different
conditions:
1. When light falls on LDR1 (at the entry to the premises).
2. When light falling on LDR2 is obstructed.
3. When door switches are opened or a wire is broken.
4. When a handle is touched.
The light dependent resistor LDR1 should be placed in darkness near the door lock or
handle etc. If an intruder flashes his torch, its light will fall on LDR1, reducing the
voltage drop across it and so also the voltage applied to trigger one (pin 6) of IC1. Thus,
transistors T2 will get forward biased and relay RL1 energize and operate the alarm.
Sensitivity of LDR1 can be adjusted by varying preset VR1. LDR2 may be placed on one
side of a corridor such that the beam of light from a light source always falls on it. When
an intruder passes through the corridor, his shadow falls on LDR2. As a result, voltage
drop across LDR2 increases and pin 8 of IC1 goes low while output pin 9 of IC1 goes
Ms. Norin Azmiah Ahmad
8
Bac. Of (Hons) Data Communication and Networking
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high. Transistor T2 gets switched on and the relay operates to set the alarm. The
sensitivity of LDR2 can be adjusted by varying potentiometer VR2. A long but very thin
wire may be connected between the points A and B or C and D across a window or a
door. This long wire may even be used to lock or tie something. If anyone cuts or breaks
this wire, the alarm will be switched on, as pin 8 or 6 will go low. In place of the wire
Between points A and B or C and D door switches can be connected. These switches
should be fixed on the door in such a way that when the door is closed, the switch gets
closed and when the door is open, the switch remains open. If the switches or wire, are
not used between these points, the points should be shorted. With the help of a wire,
connect the touch point (P) with the handle of a door or some other suitable object made
of conducting material. When one touches this handle or the other connected object, pin 6
of IC1 goes low. So the alarm and the relay get switched on. When the object connected
to this touch point should be well insulated from ground. For good touch action,
potentiometer VR3 should be properly adjusted. If potentiometer VR3 tapping is held
more towards ground, the alarm will get switched on even without touching. In such a
situation, the tapping should be raised. But the tapping point should not be raised too
much as the touch action would then vanish. When you vary potentiometer VR1, readjust the sensitivity of the touch point with the help of potentiometer VR3 properly. If
the alarm has a voltage rating of other than 6V (more than 6V), or if it draws a high
current (more than 150 mA), connect it through the relay points as shown by the dotted
lines. As a burglar alarm, battery backup is necessary for this circuit. Note: Electric
sparking in the vicinity of this circuit may cause false triggering of the circuit. To avoid
this adjust potentiometer VR3 properly
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Richard Johnson (2006), N/O - N/C timed burglar alarm. Retrieved January 18, 2006
from
http//:www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com2006/timed-burglaralarmN-O-N-
C_diagram.htm
This is a simple but effective alarm circuit, which can reset its self after a time that
selected. It has normally open and normally closed triggers that make this circuit very
practical. This alarm has normally open and normally closed triggers. It is on a 555 timer
so the alarm will reset it's self after a certain amount of time. The time is adjustable with
the variable resistor in the circuit. The alarm has a reset switch which can replaced with a
key switch to make it more secure, and can change the triggers to other types of door or
window switched too. The alarm uses a relay, which is connected to a siren but can
replace the siren with whatever the users want. The circuit is running off 9VOLTS but
can range from 4V - 16V. [2]
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Electronic zone (2006), theft preventor. Retrieved January 16, 2006 from
http//:www.electroniccircuitsdiagrams.com/2006/burglar_alarm/theftpreventor_diagram.
htm
This circuit utilizing a 555 timer IC can be used as an alarm system to prevent the theft
of luggage, burglars breaking into house etc. but the alarm goes ON when a thin wire,
usually as thin as a hair is broken. The circuit is straightforward. It uses a 555 IC wired as
a stable multivibrator to produce a tone of frequency of about 1kHz which gives out a
shrill noise to scare away the burglar. The wire used to set off the alarm can be made of a
thin copper wire like SWG 36 or higher. It can even use single strands of copper form a
power cable. The circuit operates on a wide range of voltages from 5V to 15V.
The speaker and the circuit could be housed inside a tin can with holes drilled on the
speaker side for the sound to come out.
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Ron
(1995-2005)
electronic
keypad
retrieved
February
25,
2006
from
http//:www.hobbytron.com/electronic_keypad.htm
The IC is a quad 2 input "AND" gate, a CMOS 4081. These gates only produce a HIGH
output, when BOTH the inputs are HIGH. When the key wired to 'E' is pressed, current
through R1 and D1 switchs Q5 on. The relay energizes; and Q5 is 'latched on' by R8.
Thus, the Alarm is set by pressing a single key; say one of the two non-numeric symbols.
The alarm will switch off when the 4 keys connected to "A, B, C, D" are pushed in the
right order. The circuit works because each gate 'Stands' upon its predecessor. If any key
other than the correct key is pushed, then gate 1 is knocked out of the stack, and the code
entry fails. Pin 1 is held high by R4. This 'Enables' gate 1; and when button 'A' is pressed,
the output at pin 3 will go high. This output does two jobs. It locks itself 'ON' through R2
and it 'Enables' gate 2, by taking pin 5, high. Now, if 'B' is pressed, the output of gate 2, at
pin 4 will go high. This output does two jobs. It locks itself 'ON' through R3 and it
'Enables' gate 3 by taking pin 12 high.
Now, if 'C' is pressed, the output of gate 3 will lock itself 'ON' through R5 and, by taking
pin 8 high, 'Enable' gate 4. Pressing 'D' causes gate 4 to do the same thing; only this time
its output, at pin 10, turns Q4 'ON'. This takes the base of Q5 to ground, switching it off
and letting the relay drop out. This switches the alarm off.
Any keys not connected to 'A B C D E' are wired to the base of Q1. Whenever 'E' or one
of these other keys is pressed, pin 1 is taken low and the circuit is reset. In addition, if 'C'
or 'D' is pressed out of sequence, then Q2 or Q3 will take pin 1 low and the circuit will
reset. Thus nothing happens until 'A' is pressed. Then if any key other than 'B' is pressed,
the
circuit
will
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reset.