Important Formulas:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

a 2 b 2 = (a + b)(a b)
(a + b) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2ab
(a b)2 = a 2 + b 2 2ab
(a + b) 2 = (a b) 2 + 4ab
(a 3 + b3 ) = (a + b)(a 2 ab + b 2 )
(a 3 b3 ) = (a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 )

(a + b)3 = a 3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
a 3 + b3 = (a + b)3 3ab(a + b)
(a b)3 = a 3 b3 3ab(a b)
a 3 b3 = (a b)3 + 3ab(a b)

9.

(a + b + c)2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2(ab + bc + ca )

1.

Find the value of

343 343 343 113 113 113

343 343 + 343 113 + 113 113

A. 230

B. 240

C. 235

D. 229

343 343 343 113 113 113

d; kjpg;G fhz;f
343 343 + 343 113 + 113 113
A. 230

B. 240

C. 235

D. 229

Solution:

a3 b3
(a b)(a2 + ab + b2 )

a b = 343 113 = 230

a2 + ab + b2
a2 + ab + b2

PROFIT AND LOSS

Profit = sp cp

Loss = cp sp

Profit % =

Loss % =

sp cp
100
cp

cp sp
100
cp

PERCENTAGE

Percentage Increase =

Current Value Pr eviousValue

100
Pr eviousValue

Percentage Decrease =

Pr eviosValue Current Value

100
Pr eviousValue

1. If the salary of a worker is increased by 20% and then decreased by 10%, what is the
percentage effect on his salary?
xUtdJ rk;gsk; 20 rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ. gpd;G 10 rjtPjk; FiwfpwJ
vdpy;> rk;gs rjtPj tpisT vd;d?
Solution:

Formula: I D -

Therefore, 20 10 -

ID
100

Note: Increase (I), Decrease (D).

20*10
10 -2 = 8 % increase.
100

2. If the salary of a worker is increased by 20% and then increased by another 10% what
is the percentage effect on his salary?
xUtdJ rk;gsk; 20 rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ. gpd;G NkYk; 10 rjtPjk;
mjpfhpf;fpwJ vdpy;> rk;gs rjtPj tpisT vd;d?
Formula: I1 + I2 +

Solution:

20 + 10 +

I1 I 2
100

20*10
100

= 32% increase.

3. If the price of coffee is increased by 25%, find how much per cent a housewife must
reduced her consumption of coffee so as not to increase the expenditure on coffee?
fhgpapd; tpiy 25 rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ> mth;fsJ FLk;g tuTnrytpy;
ve;jtpj khw;wKk; ,y;iy vdpy; fhgp cgNahfpf;Fk; msT vt;tsT rjtPjk;
FiwAk;?
Solution:
Formula:

100r
100 * 25
=
Ans: 20%
100 + r
100 + 25

4. If the price of wheat falls down by 25%, by how much per cent must a householder
increase its consumption, so as not to decrease the expenditure?
NfhJikapd; tpiy 25% FiwfpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> mth;fsJ FLk;g tuT
nrytpy; ve;jtpj khw;wKk; ,y;iy vdpy;> NfhJik cgNahfpf;Fk; msT
vt;tsT rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;Fk;?
Solution:
Formula: Decreased 25%

100r
100* 25 100
1
=
=
= 33 %
100 r
75
3
3

SIMPLE INTEREST
S .I =

PNR
100

Amount = P + S.I

1. What would be the simple interest obtained on an amount of Rs.8440 at the rate of
15% p.a. after 6 years?
&.8440 vd;w njhiff;F Mz;Lf;F 15% tl;b tPjj;jpy; 6 Mz;LfSf;F
fpilf;fg;ngWk; jdptl;b njhif vt;tsT?
1. Rs.7596

2. Rs.7648

4. Rs.7816

5. Rs.7888

3. Rs.7720

Explanation
SI =

8440 6 15
= 7596
100

2. At what rate percent per annum simple interest will a sum double itself in 8 years?
xU njhifahdJ 8 Mz;Lfspy; ,uz;L klq;fhfpwJ vdpy; jdptl;bapd;
tl;b rjtPjk; vt;tsT?
Solution: Suppose P = 100, A = 200
S.I.= 200 100 = 100; N = 8 years
Therefore, R =

S .I 100 100 100

1
=
= 12 %
P N
100 8
2

COMPOUND INTEREST
N

P 1 +
= Amount
100

Where, Amount = P + C.I

1. Calculate the compound interest on a sum of Rs.800 at 5% rate in 2 years.
Solution:N

R
5
21 21

A = P 1 +
=
800
1
+
=
800

= 882
100
20 20
100
C.I . = 882 800 = Rs.82

VISUAL REASONING

Directions: Find the missing character from among the given alternatives.
Ex:1

(a)625

(b)25

(c)125

(d)156

Sol: clearly
so missing number
Hence , the answer is (a).

Ex:2

(a)25

(b)37

(c)41

(d)47

Sol: Clearly in fig

In fig
In fig (B) , missing number
Hence the answer is (c)

Ex:3

(a)115

(b)130

(c)135

(d)140

sol: Clearly the number inside the circle is equal to the sum of the product of
the upper three numbers and the product of the lower three numbers. Thus,
In fig (A)
In fig (B)
In fig (c), missing answer =
Hence the answer is (b).
Ex:4

(a)5

(b)4

(c)3

Sol: Clearly in the second column, 22+2-23=1

In the third column, 40+5-43=2
In the first column, missing number = 21+1-20=2
Hence, the answer is (d).

Ex:5

(d)2

(a)11

(b)6

(c)3

(d)2

Sol: Clearly in the first column,

In the second column,
Let the missing number in the third column be .
Then ,
Hence the answer is (c).

Alpha Numeric Reasoning

CODING DECODING

LETTER CODING:
Examples:

1. In a certain code language 'GOAL' is written as 'HPBM'. How will 'POST' be

written in that code ?
xU re;Njf nkhopapy;, 'GOAL' vDk; thh;ji
; j 'HPBM'vd;W khw;wp
vOjg;gLfpwJ.
,ijg;NghyNt
'POST'vDk;
thh;ji
; jia
vt;thW
khw;Wtha;?
(A) QPTS

(B) QPST

(C) QPTV

(D) QPTU

Solution:

In the same way

2. In a certain code language 'PINK' is written as 'NGLI. How will 'IRON' be

written in the same code ?
xU re;Njf nkhopapy;, 'PINK'
vDk; thh;ji
; j 'NGLI vd;W khw;wp
vOjg;gLfpwJ. ,ijg;NghyNt 'IRON' vDk; thh;ji
; jia vt;thW
khw;Wtha;?
(A) KPML

(B) GPML

(C) KMPL

(D)GMPE

Solution:

DICE

Example :1.Which symbol will be on the face opposite to the face with symbol * ?
* vd;w FwpaPlb
; w;F vjpNu cs;sJ vJ?

a.@

b.$

c. 8

d. +

Answer: C

Explanation:
The symbols of the adjacent faces to the face with symbol * are @, -, + and $. Hence
the required symbol is 8.

Example :2. Two positions of dice are shown below. How many points will appear on
the opposite to the face containing 5 points?
,uz;L ntt;NtW epiyfis nfhz;l xU gfil nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 5
Gs;spfis nfhz;l gf;fj;jpw;F vjpNu vj;jid Gs;spfs; cs;sd?

a.3

b. 1

c. 2

d. 4

Answer: D
Explanation:
In these two positions one of the common faces having 1 point is in the same
position. Therefore according to rule (2). There will be 4 points on the required face.

Example :
3.Which digit will appear on the face opposite to the face with number 4?
4 vd;w gf;fj;jpd; vjpNu cs;s vz; vJ?

a. 3
Answer: A

b. 5

c. 6

d. 2/3

Explanation:
Here the common faces with number 3, are in same positions. Hence 6 is opposite to
2 and 5 is opposite to 1. Therefore 4 is opposite to 3.

Example : 4. Two positions of a dice are shown below. Which number will appear on
the face opposite to the face with the number 5?
5 vd;w gf;fj;jpw;F vjpNu cs;s vz; vJ?

a. 2/6
Answer: C

b. 2

c. 6

d. 4

Explanation:
According to the rule no. (3), common faces with number 3, are in same positions.
Hence the number of the opposite face to face with number 5 will be 6.

Example :5. How many points will be on the face opposite to in face which contains 2
points?
,uz;L Gs;spfSf;F vjpNu vj;jid Gs;spfs; cs;sd?

a. 1

b. 5

c. 4

d. 6

Answer: D
Explanation:
In first two positions of dice one common face containing 5 is same. Therefore
according to rule no. (3) the face opposite to the face which contains 2 point, will
contains 6 points.