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. 1. As 11 -rcs~t or your. t~lcr~C:tft ~"11 or" Jul7 8th,~~. Ch3~"'~~lo1o~ -1

C~i9r" o! thD Ft::l!;.-:~Ul Sci~n=~ ~ivi:;ion, :.1t rq r~~cst conta.cted
~..Dr. lJ. J{. Jo~c;u'!'J ..:. t. t~3 ?cys!c::.l Sciences Intc!.!'~tio!l Cc dttce
C:~b~r~i..~~=~s3:l with !.."rTes:up tl':.s tvo s~bjeot.:J yet\ r.cmtionc! }:;
.::.:i c! int=r~st
hi~, ! .~., !l!t~~r ctu-:l:f in !~-:x1co a:rl tl:ii."ll sa.u:ers.
.
lD ::"\!-~!
to t!J3 fi!::t.. :_r. Je:~Ul'> ~ic:lt,.~ t..ut ho felt tllo.~o:1~
.,
v~d ~7., 11t.tl3 i:lt:r;J:lt ln th:;, :..1ttor an~ tbolt he, h.L-:s~lr, WI
c~ccrz:g~ i:.:t;-rn~ vi~ ~oeu:"i..~ f"-nnci~. to . ~cr his explol'l!tioD.'
vork ill u,.,~ico.
.
.
.
. . .

V::!

2. rn n=ar.t to n1sn;:

~=-u~e~,

Dr. J'e:sup ref"c:-red ua to

1::0. \:~~e lJlo :J.n:i t.'-!.r~:,::h th3 CffJ.e~ Of Cpe.'"":ltiC:lG \10 e.rr~ae~ tO h:lW

a ~et.i..~.,. w"!th !-~. Abo 1.-hl.eh v:1s e.tten:lei by tvo ~~e~Usts ~this
Offic~ -~~ !!cr~..rt llc10s"s r Ap,;-1~ Scionco D!v1io4, \lha COYar!l
~
e.ir~:-..!!'t .1:::- l!S, L~i}ft: ~'i.so-n ..::~;le or our :\::r~ ......nt~l Soic:lce Division, b
\ill~ !.~ c. ,;ccp.'l;rsicis... :cr y:Ju: .1:-..:.o~ticn, I a-: 4tt.":.eb~ h~to a
ccp;r ~r t ho r.;,po:-t to :!'! or t h3 eo~-:~rsr1tic.~ vi~ :-!r. Aho. Alao or
po:;s1bl9 :..nt~r~st, is o :l!ppin~ or r.&orgo Du~ a col~ ill the
. . .
~~c-!~~t;:l Post or 25 Jul.;( con~or~L~ 1-f!-. .Aho.
.
.

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21 Sopter:Wr 1957

MEMO~ANDUM
.

- . . ..

Ac~ing Diruc:~cr,

FOR:

Centt:3l lnh11tssnc:e

stJBJCT

Unids:at~fied

..

Flying Cbfoct ~epcdod on 20 Siftelnbor 19-S7

..

1. k raporiod by cornpo:t'3nts of tha US A'i~ Defcnso Co.-nman:!, en \midentifi~d

.flying ebi~ct {Ui=O) wos lfcl~k~ by US ~a:s co a r~tativ,ly stMight ot~o f:om th-r
eo:;.t$CTJ tip Ot l:Jng blond to ?h3 vicinity of au-1~10. Tho o'bf~d-YJO: f-porlccfly m~llnJ
wash...a7d at an alti~.td~ of ~0, 000 faet Clnd !;'~d of 2,000 kts. .b:r.ing" YlQS

rep;J."t8ci by UY~I ~~ In this yJ c:ini ly cmd wtsh~.-=:-c~ cu nv a; ChiC:C:(!O In ft Stbsec;ueilt btJoflng fet "CF~G~Ilr.t:Hvos of tho lAC:, th9 US Air: Focn r~par!Cf tkct tho

original fe?orts hod b::on de;;r=cl~d scm:twha} by inrcm1ati~., thai: ~a) th:at~ wos en
11 mlr.ute breck in tho ~cl;; Co) waaih~r cor.c:!itic:n: in tha Oll'eO Wtln o~ t~s ~ \"'"ch
hovo i;, tho F~!:t prcchJ=d fa I~~ :a&:r pip,cr.d clect:'a.,ic in~rf~cef(c} 8-471s of
SAC \'l:lr'a in th' ~ola nceo Ch.icc~~ en on EC.\\ tro!nlr.g fligh!'. Th0 ADC'h= not .'
cem~l~t~d its tnve!:_iso~io;oa or.thi:s Jncl cent, but 1:~ any ov~nt It no-.v r~tms cJ.a~~ th:st
tha phene:r.3na re1::oo:ted west of B!.lffc:!o w:!'~ not ra;a~d t::. t:n UFO.
..

2. VIe hat.f2 ~ intdH;~nc::'J o;i So~id octi'llitles {e.g., lang-r~.g:) air, svb- .
morir.~, e:- m~rc:hor.t sh!pp:n9 c;z~i'ions} W.1ich ~n b ralcrod Sfl::JcH1c::aUy to this
r~pc~t:d ev3nt. W-3 c.:li~vo i'.' ~,!ikely thot c ~cotiet airc:~ft ccu!d ~or:G&Ict a ml:io:1
at this S?~=d and cMit:;:3 and :-ctum to Dloc rorrtt~. H:nw'JG:r1 wa c:-:;dat tho USSl
~ w~t~.-t~~~:f=!?t~bi!Hy r~ ~w a :'Jb:r.a:in~le~.u:,~hocl crui~ miuile c.f low
f::..:;;. ,c p~nc..T.:an~~ cmd C! ~:t;~ of a~~t 500 n.r.,., but YJa hcva r sFc:iiic Qvfcl;:nce
of f.1o O#:i:~bnc:G of s1.1:h o rnb:il~.

3. \-\'e fr:r\1'3 e::ccminsd poss!bla So"ie~ motives fa: launching a ~-way Y~hicla
on o~ cp~ration O\~l' t!"'e US, C!r:d CCinsid;s r t!:ot th~D y;ould bo IHt!a me:t:vatio., ot tM:
time; c~copt pouU:Iy c p3~chotogio1l or re~Jia:o;y mc~iv~, which we t~liev~ if .
marginal. Ona-,,~y r~c:o:t::r:~i~nce o~ratlons etC! la:~ty ru1~d cut by thct likoJil~
frta? th~ ::'eSUhs WCJ.Jid ) of s:r:aiJ V::hJ,, Clrld tha ris!c of CCn1ptomisa YIO"Jld be Yfr/
g:ea~..
.
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4. We cc~ch..~:~, tha(Ofacnr t:-:otit b hiohl:' i:nFob::~bla that a Soviet oiJ.no~io.,
Is re1po:u!bb fcx- thi:!13r0 r'~pc.m of 20 Srp~.::r.~r.
.
.

5.

the fccb thot t!llt AOC lmestigolJQ., ii tncom-'lci~, and that

-.or!,~r pr..)nomon:3 cro Jnc:e:.;in'JIY lik3l)' oxplon~i'=N of th' n."iginc:l rop:t;h, ~
recor.1:1~;,nd thai no lAC m'at,ng bil Oilll::d on t.his a~!:iact at ttl!$ tima

Consi~rin~

'

HERCEI:T SCOVtU.E, Jr'!

Copios to lAC A;GnCJt)s m foUowss

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l October 1957

Mr. Charles B. Harnett

2344 Yale Boulevard
Springtield, I1Hnois

Dear Hr. Harnett:

You have picked an interesting subject tor research, and I wish

you every 5\:c::ess in carryjng it out in a echol.arl.y and objective manner.
I spent a s~er on the Air Force study or UFO's back at the height or
the scare, an~ learned a good deal about the . subject at that tme.

..

In an&".fer to thd questions in yOur l~tter of 25 Septer11ber:

1.

ot the reports

I h&"7e no reason to d.o1:.bt all

or

UFO's (although

an appreciab_e fraction o! th~ we~e proved to be fraudulent), but this is

only to say tha.t I accept the fact that people see objects in the sky and
cannot ide~tii7 then. A very large percentage of such reports (90% or more,
as I remer~er) were definitely identifie~ ~J astrono~ers and meteorologists
as well known objects such a3 the planet Venus, or neteorologic~l balloons,
or bigh !lT...."'lg . aircraft- The group I .~rked with identi!i..:d s.:veru "inexplicable" reports with less co!""'ion phenoCJ.ena: sun1 igbt.. !lashing on sea. .
gulls in o=:.e photographed case md I sa..., no evidence ot .,intelligently
controlleda . objects or, in tact, or anything but phenomena that could be
explained were adequate in!c~ticn available.

'

2. 'The whole history or science supports my stand that observable

phco:ner.a =2.:1 be loiically !'it.t.eci int.:> scientific theories that "explain"
them in th~ co:::J.~n sense of that word.. I recognize that many claims of
~racles ha7e b~en ~de th.~ughout histor7, but :iracles, by definition,
are unusual, a...~d the vast rn=:ber of :'latural, orderly phenomena ou~weighs
the minor i."lcidei'lce or ::dracles in increasing degroe. The tomer ''miracles"
Of lightening 1 l:lagnetism, and electricityI are now explained in gdr.de
echools. ~ this admittedly inductive logic, co~T.on to ~st or phYsical
and biological science, I conclude that the likelihood or truly inexplicable
phenor.lena is vanishing~ s:;all.

3.

My personal investigation ot UFO reports, tot,ether with what I

have read L~ the press ac~ount~ th't you proper~ class as sensational,
. an.i in books like D. H. J.:enzel 1 s 1 leads r.1e to cor,elude that the explanati:m
-lies in the logical ;iefect. It is thi~: UFO's tonn a class qf all celestial
observatiens that cannot ir.::nedintely be explained. There is no othor trul.y
. common !e~ture: som~ .~!~stations ~re optical 1 others ara detected by
radar; so:ne ~r-! points, other3 circular, others patterned; some are Geen

by night, others by day; etc. 'n1e irll::-llc.'\t~on that they are somehow re- .
lateci is a false one, ;j.S we know rro:: t!:e ~a!'~~ propC~ rtion positively
identified 1.ft.!r the !act (wh:lt. relation is tllCU"C between Venus and a

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EPO!tT OF T:r:: scnr:TIFIC P/:I!EL

Olt
tJHID':i:i;TI'.,...,FIE
.....;o 1) FLYiliG O~CTS

,.
J'enuazy

1953

1. Pursuant to the request of the J.ssistant Director tor Scientific

Intel 1 !.gence,
the undersignea Panel o! Scient11'ic
.
.

eveillz:t.e

CU!t to

CQns~tents b~s
.

possible threa.t to national security posed by Un1aent1!1~d

eny

F.cy1ns Objects ("nying Sam:ers" ), end t~ mal~e recomrnimd2:t1oM . thereon

~e Pen~

has received the evidence as presented by

CO~t;azlt 1D.t~J l

1-

genc:e r.gencies, primarily the Air Te<;hnical Intellisenee Center, end hes

revie.red e. selectiOD of' the best doc'UI>Iented incidents.

2. As a result of' :Lts cons1den.t1ons 1 the Pend concludes:

a. Tbe.t the evidence

~resented

on Unidentitied Flying

..

ObJects show no ndication the.t these phenoaena constitute

a di:::oeet

physic~

three.t
to national secur1ty

l-le f'i:-::ly believe that there is no residuum of' cases wich indicates
phe!!.o~.,e. W.!~'l

are r.ttribute.ble to foreign artifacts ce.:pable of

hostUe

acts, end tlle.t there is no evidence .. that the phenoZO!ena indicate a need

tor tb.e revision ot current sc:ienti:fic concepts

The Panel f'Urtber concludes:

a.

That the continued et:13>buis on tlle reporting of

these ~henomene. doesJ in the15e l)e.rlous times~ result in a

.

threat to

or tbe

tb~ orde~ly

body

functioning

or

the protective or,rns

politic

We cite as examples the clocalDG of Channels of

co~'nic:a~io~ by irrelcvnnt

.,

reports, the

dr-n~er

ot bein:: led

by continued re.lse elo.rms

to 1&nere real.

..

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indications or hostile ac:tionl end the cultivation or a morbid n11tion:o1

psyc:iloloa in \Jhic:h El:ill fuJ. hostile

behavior and b~ db;tiilst or

pl'O~agenda

cou:lli tnduce hystericQJ.

a1,,Y constituted authority

4. In order cost effectively to strengthen the nstional. tecllities

tor the timely rec:ognition and the e.ppro,riate

ba.ndl 1 "B o~

true .1nd.ic&tions

of hostUC! action1 and. to m1n1mze the concom1tent ""~gers eJJuded to

..

above1 the Panel recommds;

a.

That the ne.tionaLl security egencies teke . immecli&te steps

to &trip- the .UnidentU'ied nying- ObJects ot the

or

have been given etd the e.ura

apec1~

sta.tus the;y. .
.

mystery they have ,mtortunately

aequiredj

b~

T-.aB.t .the

neti.onel. security' 'a gencies. institute policies

on i!ltellige:c.ce, tre.ining, and public education designed to prepe.re

or the

the l:l.e.terlel defe!lSe!! end the morale

:10st

;pr~:l;)tly

end to ree.c:t r.:10st effectively to true indications

of hostile intent or action.

country to recognize

'\Te s>1ggest that these . clms

IDey"

be ac:hieved by an integrated

ot

designed to ree.ssure the public

pro(P:"a~U

tbe total lack or evidence or 1nit11cal.

behind the !':"leno2na1 to traj n ;t)ersonnel to recognize and re.;e:t

rorc~s

fals~

i.ncll.cations quic:lJy end ettectively, ena. to strengthen

reu~e.r

cile,nels for tbe eveluntion O! t!lld pro:!Ipt reaction to tn1e indicatiODS

ot hostUe :measures. .. . .

/s/ !!. P .~oi)e:::t:oon, Cho.!~:.~

Cr~i~Ol'lli:l. Institute of Tec:llnoloc;y

'

".

..

..

is/ Lloyd V. Ber!';ller

. . . ... ..

... . .

~soeiated

Univcrslt1cG, Inc.

/s} Luis

\1. Avc.rez
t.tnhrcl"Sity o1' Cnl.itomlc.

Lsi

S. A. Goudst!tlt

Droo!ma.ven t:c.tioncl Lo.borl'.tories

/s/ Thornton re~

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If' the above plan appears auitablcs e.nd ;you so desire, I'll
direc~ivema~s.

prepare

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F .. C. DURAlu

osf~'wrar."t.tbm

_,>
.
Distrib'.ltion:
....,.
Orig and l - Addressee ~
1 - Subject file

1- Chrono f'Ue
1- Deily reading file

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Dzo. fi.-.-:!31 A. ~t
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Ac~~~i~tcd

t"c~":t:!:r:t

tl)?t~, L.I. 1 D...~ York

APR 71953

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A Los ,~zoh:~ :p~ct l"~CX (mmber lc1:ncr...'1'1.) 1D ~tat' theucc.-r~~~"'!r"=eo. t.t"'.l ~t::l1J n c...-c cit-.:::1 1n ].i.~o J!.!l~.!:L""lo, 3 A,..,.,.-U.
l9~~ :!.~=:-~ . A ::i e l:J.l. SnUi\~, \I~OOQ h0:!13l0,:""fr'Qwa ia 11067
.
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:tnr:.,

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fo:r :au:"

~!33

to !:!!"..lp w ca t.:~i~ !)ro::lc::J. lr-'4t ~::.nu~1.ay ca sucll &~f"Irt notice

P~t:r.:::: ~~..r ,_-.l:.!i us U tll:J ~-\.~ or t::l~ '\.-x.!t l::.t"re ti"~ u::J %'\:'O.Vo
t~ )'QU trw t 1-.e to ttc:, en a r.~ drill" ~18.

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.1part::i.e:lt 1217

Vashl.llgton 8, D.

Dr. Sa:w.ol A. Goudsmit

Brookhaven Jl'ational Lo.boratU1")

Associated Uni~ersitie,, Inc.
Depart~ent or Physics

Upton, L. I., Jle-.1 lark

1. Aerial Phel:lcmem Research Org.m1 zation

Coral I.orenzen, Nationl Director_

P. o. Box 358

sturgeon~~

. .

WisccmsiD.

This organ:! zaticm publishes

~he /J'itO Bp1Jfi1; co:a:te1n1ng

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repor Ls of sightil:lgs.

i- /..., : .-

2. Civ.Uian Saucer I:avestigations .. .

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.l los ~geles post bo:: (r1Ull1bar tmlmovn) is used tor thdr

corresponde:lCe.

So:!.a deWJa are given in J.ffe VagtzJn:,

3 Jpril.

1952 issue. A J.Jr. !d SulJ1V!IJ11 whose home address is ll067 Carson .

Dri~e,

Lym:ood, Cal.ffornia, is active 1n this group. Re was

be., in ptibllc
. 'br the North American Aviation,
.
rehtions, reported!,.
~or=....-rl7

emplo7ed

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meteorological balloon?). Calling all unidentitied objects in the.alQ"

tlying saucersn or, even, UF0 1 s (Venus doesn't "!l.y" in any proper sense
or t.h.'lt. worR) is like caJling any word I ~ot Uilderstand 11 Greek." The
class or all words I cannot understand would scarcely tom a single
languale Therefore, the explanation or UFC 1 s as a class is simply that
they are not a uni.rom clasl:) but a hodge-podge ot widely disparate, part.J.
described pheno~ena that were seen in the sky.

4. Covered in .3 1 above

~.

Furthar research in the conventio:1al sciences o! astron~,

meteorolog:r, and physics will learn wore bo~t man7 ot the separate
phenomena tha.t. are reported as u"FF s. The sociological phenomenon of
ntlying saucer scares" might be studied by psychologists anci sociologists,
but I suspect that it is already understood.
.

6. I

know that

sta . ~ents sbove do not constitute a

my

"proor,n

and feel tr.a.t the subject, b7 its nature, precludes any rigorous proof or
dia-proot. But I ant cor.fident th.lt most men or reason who have studied
science, and v..ho examine the data. objectively1 will come to the same conclusion. You i:J.ay wish also to query Dr . Alan Hynek ot Ohio 3tate University,
Prof. Donald H. l!enzel of Ha...-..v:.rd Colle1e Obs.arvatoey, and Dr, H. P.
:Robertson of California Tech.

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Thornton Pa.;e

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October 5,

1.957

T hornton Page
Operations Research orrice
The Johns Hopkins Uni versit7
Washington 15, D. c.

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Dear Mr. Page:

Your i.PJ.teresti.ni letter or October l waa well received and appreciated. Although I cannot completel:r agree with your. feelings on the
subject, I nontheless respect )'Our opinion. and wish to thank you tor
taking the ti,e to answer.
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to

It was re!reshing
receive negative letter that evidenc.e d
clear and sound thinking. Un!'ortunatel.y, I camot say the eame tor
eome seven or eight-odd letters !ro!ll scientists \olho, although thinking
much the sa.."Ue as you, have shown sarcam and ridicule in expressing
themselves. This, I think, is not in line with good acientitic thought

Whether or not I can use rour opinions 1n the book remains for
the publishe~ to decide. As I atated in cy previous letter, the book's
purpose is to present a legit~ate case for the UFO. Personally, I
would like to include a cha:s;.ter conta.inin.g the statements or men "like ~ ..
you who believe i.!TOs are natural phenotLe."la or conventional objects
(although it would b~ a shame to put your Bta:.em.ents in with thoee O! .
men less scie~ti!'ic in their a?proach) in order to be fair, but I have
reason to trJUik the publisher ~ght find such a chapter detracting to

the t."lece o! the book.

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I hes!tate to contact D~s. Menzel, Hynek and Robertson tor the

above reason: from J:l)" notes 1 I tin~ their opinions nec:1ti ve re. the
existence of L?Os.

It would i nterest me to bow with what USAF project rou were .

associated; Sign, Grudge or Bluebook.

Again,

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thanks, an:i best wishes.

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. Yours very truly,

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Charles B. Harnett

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'2344 Yale Boulev!lrd

Spring!ielii 1 Illinois

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0 /Icc Me11zorct1zdztJn .

UNITED STATES GOVERNMEN1

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A!'l/~I

IOB]ECT:

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Robertson called to tell !:!., th~t Air 'Foree b!ld appr~~ned

him for permission to ~3cla~sity the conclusions or the :~port
or the Scil!ntific Panol on Uni! enti!ic:i Flying Objeets" whleh
OSI organiz~-! in Jar:usry 1953. The request h&ti co!!l!! to .
P.obe.:-tson fro~ Jol..aj. J&.'!l~S F. Eyrne ot ~""'CIN-nl ('!xt. 7490.3).
. I toll'! Robertson \19 voul~ exs.:nine the! matter and !-faj. Byrne should
c~v&et m~ ~ir~etly . I ~11 take the neceasar.y &etion oa. th~s o~

l
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my

return

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WADHINGTOH, D. f;.
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ot it

Thu; svuud:s like a fantastic: story hut it iJ t rue every word

Christmas I was in my
kttch~:: pu:t:r~ up m)' hual'l:mds luncl1, for tht- Hext day and I w~nt
uv~r tr '"'1 kttcheu ::iin~ l'J &inst- ~ut a ln>tth., wh-..:l I looked out my
kitc-ht<i wr.ci-Jvt (I h;1ve 3 1~r;:et wind>W, up ~v~1 thtt a;ink all along
jr, h r vt ~~, I hav~ d . v~ry ~'od ve:w of the ,yrtrd) l &~w 11 saucer &hape
Lat~l

Fri.!ay J)it,e the Friday

hef:~rt":

ul,Jt-rt ~b~Ut :i ft ln dianu:tt"l'. Jt WIIS lumit~CIU (like those Clocks

thn! EllW w the dark) mo5t beautiful Mhadt: ot areer. that 1 have seen. . .
lt V..C..t! ... hr..ut H. ft from tht: chilei\.'nri .tiW!~s when I a;aw that bright
,~bwir~g :i'Jt.'~r . sh:p~ tthapt:r1 h.k~ the ct~v..:r >:. rny Ea~y Spin Washi~

i\h~hin~ J. ~arne down nn ~~~ ttl"ol.:lt :.ver tl.~:: c::nlc.iren~ swing (they :!re
lnetnl ty~Jt on(~S) IU~Uil hnvf: be era 1n :ayb\: 15 f~~t c-oming down on angle

got nve1 th swJng~ ~bvut 3 feet fr..m1 the gr ..,und and the light
CiSiit!~c.n:l 1 thoJ~M for sure th;.H it \\.as g?il'li tu l~nd, 1t ~i&ht bave
- .
!'\nci t '!.:!!' !, \ ~ K '>-if hnme-.a i::.tly. The swing:! ar~ ahout 7!r ft tram-th~
Jl,JU!ie, 'Thil Wol:i 1r.,v ~~~tua!l tit!drog cJ! '!>n~. Tl.ey have them so p~rrect .

ti,:it they ltln lao~ in your l:at.:k y.-.rd. Thi~ wai n f'-'W minutes before
... . ..
.
: . 1lC(O\.:K t,ccaust- my dock is Cil'~t~tly IJVel the kitchen 61ink

. That Wa::i my IH~tu:ll ::~~ing or ur.e, l:ut we have pieced this

t'~:r.tilt:r. It was l'Jl .. f'r~doray nite and we:: hclit:\'e it was 2 Yleeks it
c ~hi have Ll~tm 3 w~tk~ bt:f~Jre thas ohj~r:t 1ppt-nrecl that l actually
S~Yt. I wni\ washin~ ~!She::~ h.:~ten 5. :h .,nu fi ~r.lock and my hoy

~llr, ~s !:S )~ar~ u;c was wip.i.ng th~m. 1 kr,~w il -'iAS Friday becaus.: he
wante.i t~ .~to tu Uat: rfrat show al the mtnies anu we tak~ him down and
i et ir when th~ m, \'l cs get OUl. I want 10 ~~tcJ,J thfolt we live ab,ut 2 m ilea
from t~w:l, tht:re are nn street li~hhi ancl P~" ~pacea on both aide

af tht- hous~ the ,.nly house neaJ n~e is acr'l~i 1he .atreet. This was
th-.= cCln\~r~Ht!'tn th\." buy and l had wbilt: we ".:re cluing dishes.

Ma u:a ,\m 1 ti~ein~

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thing~

1 2!iaid

n~

l saw t hat tou He aaid

what wa:.; thi4t aYo~ill f!a~h of hght by th~ kitchen ."indow I said 1 don't
k1.uw ~- u\ it ntm,,lt t::imie\i
m~ i.t W&t. &" brilhmt, We believe that waa
.
.
the first ~Jr.e- and a came ~('Wn over the hou~t.! and \\'hen tt gnt a;o rnany
!e~t n~ar it the aa:.acer~ thing lights 11p :. t;l'iUant blinding light.
l~crCir~ trai.s c:ami' ti.l!W'' ''ver the huuse tor alt~Ut lll. days we could not
k. :ep a ;.>i<"!~'.!:-e .,r. U:~ T.V. Set it k~pt ~~')l!P".~ O\'t:r ;md over. Ftn3ll:

1 callet! the rt!pau m~tn he said 1 can'l find anything wrong but I
, think ynu r:t!.:d a ew pictuae tube. H!.ll th~tl has tJeen about 6 we=eks
"gn and 1!1~ T.V. is pe:rf~ct and ha~ rmthing wtlntg with u. -We tnink
,.Ill l~ast n~y husl,.,ud ~o~ti tht these \:onae LJ,>wr~ straight and when
, . the:y c:una mayt:~ llJ feet rrom c.ny nbj~~l they ll;;ht .up that brillant

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WUHtNGTON, D. C:.

ttl,a~~

of green that 1 a w. N .,tice th.e tim eo it s et!ms to he 2 week

int.erv:-.ls, lt might take that long lor- them tn come down !rom where
ever th~y ore lJeini! launched. It 1.1 our opir:ton that you will not
see th~rn unle5s they get w~nthin a certatn n~mber of feet from some
ohj~ct. Is there somt!thing so many mae.s up oJrectly over my houae
:.nd ianu that they are Leing launched from.

--

h~alf :tuOJ!

thinking t;nme one: u'i~ht l:e _AZ'uLmd. When some one c:omes
up ur c H\- ~ tht;: road he g-:.>es nu~ ~fler theru Ue is a watch dog but he
d:c!a't J~a\ t: liu: stt os ju.~t tarkeci I ~arn wonc!enng if he heard the

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. . bt:c~use

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cJ_ogs ~e.ar,-iug .is . .so gr~4. - -~ ;.~ .... _: . .. :..-

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1 hr~H. n~port~d this in to th~ l~>cal Civilian Defense but

lh\!y will :it-nd it u:t~, Aul(usta they sairt there WflS a c.omet in the ar~a
Th~r\: we.~ : 1:.1 c-- -re:t ir: my a;ld~ yard nnt J !et:t from the ground or
tht r ~ wcuJJiJ IJt'! a hl ~ ir; the g t":ll..inta. Will son.e ene pleat~e believe :tle

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sat l)n rny sh:ps and lMrkeu !or iiobrna Hi minl4t-=~t tact is 1 thought
~ome onE(
Mround bf.t 1 h:&ve 2 flt>od 1ight~t on the liideas o! my
nt~Uti~ l ! ;11ned them Ot\ but ;.(.l'l.lJ.U ti~e nothing and left them ~n for about

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1her.: is :1ny aoand from them 1 con't know but t

thi!. 1\bl)ut r.; 'li''t-Edur :JiofO my dog at _nite tetween ~ and !:1 oclock
\\'h~ther

d~> :~:)

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<tl that 2 W~c:ii l'lr possibly a week int~rvaJ This is

valua~~e :nf.. uuatio:-;. ~or ..,)ur grJverrnent, 1 am m>t seeing things nor

an~ ;:"lcty ~-e~tJPoi.'iltl '

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~m I day dn:;Jming. I ar;J t- ~sy znotner with J dtildr-en and 6 room

ho:.~sc; tu t~Kt: c;.~ F- ,)r. 1 have n tl lime to be making up stoties or day

uroeami1g.

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~lr.s.

Vincent J. Perr)"
Rae kin5Cdozn Rd.
Mt:xico Maine

\\ e li\'t: .. ~.. ut 2 mH~s fra)ttJ town. 1 wrote this l~tter yesterday afternoon :-mt~ ali r. Jt ~t:l the chanct! lo .m~il it and I uotic_ed on the children's

lliwir.~ th;;.t there :s u \:t~anl culor:~cl mark aho~o~t 4 inc:h~a acros:s per.
fe'-'tly e'it!!l, ll ~ '~' the baa en top '.)! the swint: a~nd the rest or the
.t~ .. r 1s ~t~ origmally ~rl c~oilor. Yie do not dare to tollch U becaua., u
may prOJV~ of a; ..nur \'lllue, We Lelieve it touch the IJWing wh.e.-1 it went

ov~r

it.

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DEPJ..RTMENT OF

:t-"EWS RELEASE
PLEASE NOTE DATE

-.

FACT SHEET

t.

5, 1957 .

NOVEMBER

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NO. 1083-57

Ll ~6700 Ext. 7;131

DEFE~ISE

OFFICE OF PUBLIC INFORMAliON

Was~ngton 25, D. c.

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Am FORCE'S 10 YEAR

STUDY OF UNIDEln'IFIFD FLYING OBJECTS

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In response to queries as to results of previous investigation or Unide~t1!1ed Flying Object reports, the Air Force said
today that after 10 years or investigation and evaluation of _UFO's,
no evidence has been discovered to confirm tr.e existence or socalled 'Tlying Saucers''.
.

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Reporting, investigation, analysis and evaluation procedures

have 1!:lproved considerably since the first sighting or a !lying
saucer" was made on 2? J~~e 1947. ~he study and analysis or reported s1ght1ngs or OFO's is conduct~d by n selected scientific
group under the supervision or the Air Force.

Dr. J. Allen Hynek, Professor

or

Astrophysics and Astronomy

at Ohio State Universityt is -the Chief Scientific Consultant to
the- Air Foree on the- subject cf"' Unidentified F"_ying Objects. . .
.

The selected, qualified scientists, engineers, and other

personnel involved in these analyses are completely objective
and open minded on the subject of "flying sauc\:rs". They apply
scientific ~ethods of exe~inetion to .all cases in reaching their
conclusions. The atteopted identification of the phenomenon
observed is generally derived from b~an icpressions and interpretations a~d not froo scientific devices or measurements. The
~ata in the s1ghtings reported are almost invariably subjective
in nature. Eowever, no report is considered unsuitable !or study
nnd categorization a~d no lack of valid evidence or physical
matter in the case studies is assumed to be "prima facie"
evidence that so-called ".flying saucers" or interplanetary
vehicles do not exist.

Gener3l categories of identification are balloons, a!rcratt,

astronomical, other, insufficient data and unknowns.

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Oi1l.Locms n.r e r clec. ',J in the U.S.

every day Ther e arc two gener al types of tJ ,U.oons: weather: ;, :
balloons and upper-air research balloons, Balloons will vary
rrom small types 4 feet in dinmeter to large types 200 feet in
di~metcr.
The majority released at night carry running lights
which often contribute to weird cr unusunl appearances when
observed at night. This also holds true when observed near
dawn or sunset because of the effect of the slant rays of the
s~~ upon the balloon surfaces. The large balloons, if caught
.1n jet streams, may assuce a near horizontal pos1t1cn when
partially infl~ted, ~nd move with speeds of over 200 MPH.
Large types cay be observed flattened on top. ~he effect ot
the latter two conditions can be startling even to experienced
pilots.
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iiJlJHi.t..l..!.l Ut.

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Many modern aircraft, particularly swept nnd delta wing

types, under adverse weather and sighting conditions are reported
as tmusu:1l cb~acts and "f'lyi!lg saucers". When cbserved at high
altitudes, reflecting sunlight off their surfnees, or when only
their jet exhausts ere visible at night, air~raft can have
appoarances ranging frcm disc tc rocket in shape. Single jet
bombers havine multi-jet peds under their swept-back wings have
been re;:orted as UFOs or "saucers" in ." V" f'ornation. Vapor
tr~ils vill often appear to glcw with fiery red or orange streaks
when reflecting sunlight. Afterburners are frequently reported
as UFOs.
..
.

The astrcn~~ical category includes bright stars, planets,

meteors, eooets, and other celestia~ bodies. When observed
tl~ou~h haze, light fog, or moving 9louds, the planets Venus,
Mars, and Jupiter have often been reported as unconventiqnal,
moving objects. Attempts to observe astroncmica~ bodies throu~h
hand-held binoculars unce~ adverse sky conditions has been a
source
or
m~ PFO re~orts.

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The "other" category includes reflections, searchlights,

birds, kites, bl~ps, elcues, sun-dogs, spurious radar indications, hoaxes, firework cisplays, flares! fireballs, ice crystals,
bolides, etc., as examples: Large Canad an geese flying low over
a city at night, with street lights reflecting orr their bodies;
searchlights playing on scattered clouds, appearing as mov~g
disc-like shapes.

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The insufficient data category include all s1~ht1n~s where

essential cr pertinent ite~s of information are missin~, making
it impossible to for~ a valid conclusion. These include

description of the size, shape or color of the object; direction

and altitude; exact tioe and location; wind weater conditions,
etc. This category is not used as a convenient way to get rid
of what might be refe.rred to as "unknowns". However., if the data
received is insufficient or unrelated, the analysts must then
place that particular report in this category. The Air Force
needs complete intcroation to reach a valid conclusion. Air
Foree officials stressed the tact that an observer should send
a complete report or a bona fice sighting to the nearest Air
.Force activity, There the report will be promptly forwarded
.
to the proper office .for analysis and evaluation,

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~~)considered as

Wlkncr.vn 11 ,['_}.... k report contains

all pertinent data necessary to normally suggest at least one
valid hypothesis on the cause or explanation of the sighting but
when the description of the object and its maneuvers cannot
be correlated with any known object or phenomenon. In its
Project Elue Book Special Report #14, released jn October, 1955,
the Air Force showed that evaluated sightings in the unknow~
category had been reduced to 3% at that time
A s1gh1.-ng

11

11

$1

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11

Previously "unknown" sightings had been 9% 1n 1953 and 1951+

and 1n the pre,ious years 11 flying saucer" sightlngs had run as
high os 20% "unknowns". Project .Blue Book Special Report 114,
covered 11!lying saucer" investigations rro,m June 194? to Y.ay 195';.
Latest Air Force statistics show the nucber of unknowns has since
been reduced to less than 2%.
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The following table presents the results or the evaluation

o! .all reports .received by t-he Air Force from the time that
Project Blue Book, Special Report #14 was completed through
Juno 1957. The table gives the percentage of all the reports
rcceived by the Air Force during each ti:ne pe.r iod.

Y.
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J'unethru
pecmoer

Balloons
Aircraft .
Astronomical
Other {Hoax, searchlight, birds, etc)
Insufficient Information
Unknown... - - .. .

1956

1957

January tbru

Junes

26.4~

26.~
21+.6~
12.3~
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26.3%

28.8%
24.lt%

6.8%
14.1%

6.4~
12.1~

2.~

1.9'$

273
778
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Air Force conclusions for the ten years 1 ot UFO sightings
involving approximately 5,700 reports were: Firstl there is no
TOTAL NUMBER OF SIGHTINGS

evidence thet the "u."lkno~..tns u were inimical or host1le; second,

there is no evidence that these ~'unknowns u were inte::"ple.netary
spac;e ships; third, there is no evidence that these ''UnknCY..tns"
represented technological developments or principles outside the
range of our present day scientific knowledge; fourth, there is
no evidence that these 11 ur.knowns n were a threat to the security
or the country; end finally there was no physical or material
evidence, net even a minute fragment, of' a so-called "flying
saucer 11 was ever round..
-..._..~

The Air Force emphasized the belief that if more immediate

detailed objective observational dat~ could have been obtained
on the "un.ltnowns 11 these too woUld have been satisfactorily explcined
.

A critical examination of the reports revealed that e high

percentage of them were submitted by serious people, mystified
by what they had seen and motivated by patriotic responsibility.

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WASHIUGTON 25, D. C.

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

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!>:'. IJ.oyd V. Eerkner

P::: es ide.."lt
J.sso~e.ted
. P.OO::!. b92Q

Universities I Ineorporated
.

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350 Firth Avenue

~iev York l, nev Yor!t

Dear IJ.oyd:

You vill recall in Januery 1953, we constituted a Scientifi~

Advisory Penel on Unidentified Flying Objects with Drs. H. P. Rob~rtson
as Cheimo..a., S2JI~Uel Ga~o~d.sai.t, LuiS- tl- Alvarez, T'a.orton Pas.e, and..ytr..u"Self as cetibe:s. A!'ter its ciel1bet"at1on1 the. Pe.nel reeJ:b,ed two ~
conclusions and med.e t;."O reco~ncle.tions ~1cll were incl.uded u ~el> A.
or the report. Very reeently1 the Air Force he.s re~este~ the.t tbe
conclusions of this report be dec:la.soi~ied so the.t they f'iJIJY be used. in
the press. A copy or tile report is enclosed herewith tor. your 1ntormat10D

"

I have discussed t.ltis m.!Ltter vitll Dr. Robertson and Dr. Coudsm.it
W'l1o ~ree that the co:lc:lusion conteineci in p8l.-agra.ph 2 end the
.
reco~ndc.tion c:onteined in paragraph 4a c:en be declass1f'1ect. ~t, they,
es vell Q.S this .Agency, w1ll not ~ree to a dec:le.ssif'ication of' the .
conc:l'l\Sion in par:gre.p:.1 3 or the reeo:.1.~nc12.t1on in parSGre.!>h 4b. It
is OU.l" feeling that the e.ssoc1e.t1cn or the Pe.nel .lith this J.~c:y
should not be disclosed; the.t !'llr!.G.r&p~ ~ could be rev.ritten to el1n1nate
this eon..'i.ection,; and that the tinal six lines or para.g1~~ 4 c~ stD.nd.
~ .&.
.

e.s '-'T-"~,.en

I have queried the J.ir Force as to vhet!ler the n:meo or the P:me1
zr.e~en \.'0'1.\l.i be used.
T'oley have replied tha.t na::es wul.d be. used o~ .
vit=.in oi"ficiel. circles end wulcl not be given to"the press.. lh.~1 as sucll
1n!o~t1on he.s c. tend.enc:y at times to tilter out1 1t shO\.il.d. 'Ue recot;nize
the.t 1 if .e.,proval is c1ven for use of the JW:U~S 1 the;y t.ey wl.l become
co~..on knouledge.
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It would be very much aDPreciated if you eould let me !mow

as soon a.s po::Jsible whe.t your -reaction is t o the IJ.r Fo=c:e decla!isifice.tion propose.l.; ~ether ;you gzee 'With Dr. Bobertson.,
Dr. Goudsmt and c;(aelf' on li:&liting MY declassitieation; end vheth~r )"'U
vould fl!Jprove or di~e-,prove tlle use or ycur zume, c:unted the.t J.,aency
c~~t1on vith the Panel is vit~eld.

Very best reserds.

.. .

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Pb111p a. st~
Deputy Assiste.nt Director

Enclosure .
tJK> Report

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HAS 3AIO lt;Y 1+A'JE l,u'~'t A.KUG.e DAM C~ ~6'"

._ R.IV&~ /\LOeJ.'TlCf~ 'WAV f\YJi'(
fROM 1'\N"'f I Nt>O ~ T Rl AL C:~~>.~T~~~. OR LAR4:4 E' CITY W .. ICH COIJl..D USc
Tl't C Pow to J"~ COM 1 ""'CO, Fut:.. A T R.: u, 1!. t-J b o v~ \.. Y . LA ti:.G. E' }I "t'PC:.O !: Lt '- : R.r C.. PC. tv E: A. .
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PLJ\.._.T- ._,.I"C"H ao P\.1\C.~ To V$E THI~ PoM;eftl...:' Ttu~ ~flY tUJE 5tJ~N IN
ELeC."T~ICAL WrJR.\.D Dl<.. AVIAf'fOP..t . WI:!e'K. .MI\tti-\~N~.f DO NOT 1:,~:\--,1~~.,.~ 4~?
It-a "-t.JY CA~Ii ~cti Lt:T-rc~ T rrus:.LvJT !).~. eJ::ENHowli~t D"'T!ib to:.r:~J...,.~.._~
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.VU~:_!-~~l.\.__::;;~~.0~-~- WAS A\'/~tLt.~LE.

E '/It>!! N ~t: Cr. ~pti1WT" LJ~ HT ''(j.i.,'i,_~t?-. t I.VtN~, ~Jo.VCf.~.~ ! ''

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TH .JQ

UNIVERSITY

OPERATIONS
RESEARCH OFFICE

?IQQ CDNNECTICUT AVENUE

CHEVY CHU~ MAAYLANO

WA.MINGTDN 15, D. C.

a-c""'ft..D

U .. DCJI CDNY.ACT

weTM n.c
DC~AerMC..T

D._wa 4"4:ZDD

D' TMC .....,

4 December 1957

.....,.c

Mr. Philip G. Strong

.ue;,uty Assistant Director..,...

. entrE.l Intell.igt!nce Agency
Washington 2S, D. C.
.

..

Dea Hr. Strong:

In ans-.<~er to ":f''1JZ' letter of. 19 Uov I fu1l7 agree 'that the

report of' the Panel O!l UFO' s should be cleclassitied.1 and have
DO objection to ~ name being released.
a aignatcry. ln fact,
I feel that members o! the Panel shocl.d. a1J .be willing to bavo
their names used. to back the Panel! a. concl,usions.._ ,

as

As to paragraphs

4b, that Drs Robertson and Goudsrlt

and

wish to withhold, I have no strong opi.."lion. It aee~s to me

that paragraph 4 less subparagraph 14b should be relea&ed, and
that release o a paraphra.~e ot the second half of paragraph 3
(after 3a) might be desirable.

There is no objection on my part to eliminating reference

to CIA.
.

The enclosed excha,"'lge of letters may be or interest to

and for the ~Force. (Uy interest in calming the UFO
jitters has not abated.)

you

Yours sincerel-7,

--..

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.
THOiUm)If" PAGE

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Copy 1 of-3 Capias

IDg No. s6.5192

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. . . . . . 41

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2 0 DEC 1957

Dr. !I.?. n.?bc!rt~

C'h~ r " q-..J D.::!"~"":e SciMce DonTd
Del~
... L~"'nt of Dcl'-...a
f.cc:l s:-:1027, 'r'.t;: Pe:r-~
\:pr.-"11""~t.m 25, D. C.

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1..~~ Icr~ Ir.ln'?d

Dr.

ns':l York

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.Ai :-.Force to.;=the: vitA.t.h:t. 4ccJ rosS t:S ;:4 .

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY ... l

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WASHINGTON 25, D. C

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2 onrc 1957

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Dr. 'IJ..o)'d V. Eerkner

PJ:eai~nt

.Asaoc1 ~ted U:aivers1t1es1 IncoJPC)r&te4

Suite 1750, Coliseum T~o1er
3.0 Col.rr:~,,. Circl-e

Nev Yea 191 Hev York

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. Dea:r Lloyd:.

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lath re:ereDce to our prior ecn.: .reraation em Un1C!e:tit1e4

there is enclosed. for your infomat'icm a copy_

~Objects,

venion o:'
the Pmel Beport.

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Attech.--=t:
l. - Letter to Air Force (S)
1 - Decl.e.ssifiecl Panel Report (U)

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PttDel OA UDiclantU'icd ~ ObJect&..

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tho Ponel. lt.l:l.ch coi!tliGts of' a pn..-n~o of po.rasr~ 1~ tb~ exa.o~

~rdJ.nc o-: ~pll 2, a. UIT.t po...-u.,~ 3 lZhic:h incl.ud~M the c!eclRI1l':i~ie2. Bcco: .....::lr!aticm 4.G. amcl ml "Pl?X'OPriClte p~illg
tbe bo.l;."":e of pCL.~~ 4 lcsa Socc...ocru.lzltiou 4.b.

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2. In O'l"d..C%" to etr~l1 ~J )'OUr utU1ec.t1on of ~ dccl.~1f.te4

=ti!ri.c.l~ I ~ attt-..c:,~ 4c1"Cto a l'CI\-!ued von1on of t,:,e re,ort ot

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tbat the coru:lusto= at pn.~.utpb 2. can be dcclt!~si.!.ed eml that

llecO!s.:cndE.tioa 4.a. ccn bo d.acle.H1:1cd.. l!c:Neve:-, 1t 1a tbo 6ec:U1o~
ot .ell oo.uccrued th.a.t no co=-.t:e~tla:t with CIA my be diiJcl.oDed, tlvst
th.a c:on~l0191on of~~ 3 z:,ay not be dccluai1'1od en.a. that t.-.,e

1
:re~;:v-nc stioa ot 4. b. =.;:; nht be cl=c ' naaU"1cd. On the bas'b of tile
~vc cbel uo Ltice~icm, no-. as:=mu ot tho h.nal ob_lec:tD . to tbe use
of hi.a nNJD in eor:ne:ctloD ~t.!:l tho declaell.U"ied. conc'tua1an end

1. l:e han Just reca1wc1 tbe ~11nl 1cttv f'l'azl tha ~'1"8 cat
tha abo\~ Ptc,.l conc.:rntllt; )"''''J.r roqucat; tor dcc!Mal.1C3tion o~ the
e.bav8 l"C"""...OX t. Eot!l CIA c.'"".d ell ne::--bom ot tba Pzmel. bava G&l'eea.

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tht:s v.Ul serv:.-.t4o pu.rpoees or tbta n~qu=rt.

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%eftJ'ctit o: tba C-ov~9ll"c'!Ct

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C2:., .;.:0.::1 ~ !nstitute ot

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Reports or UFOs have Rroused much interest on this subject

throughout the country and a nucber or civilian clubs, comcitteos
and organizations h~ve been forced to study or investigate nir
phcnonen~. These private organizations are not govcrr~ent~l
ng~ncies and do net reflect official opinion with respect to
their theories or beliefs based upon observed phenomena or
1llusicns. .
.

Nc boCks, mction pictures pamphlets, or other intorc~tional

~:~atcrial on the subject or uniJenti!ied fl:,ring objects have been
cleared, sponsotnd, or c:ther"t~ise eoordinatod by the U. s. Air
Force, with the exception or the official press releases issued
by Headquarters, USAF, in Washington.

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The Air Force, assigned the responsibility for the Air Defense
cr the Uc!ted States, will continue tc investigate, through the
Air Defense ComcP.nd, all repor.ts or unusual aerial objects over
the U. s. including objects that may become labeled Unidentified
Flyinr. Objects. The services of qualified scientists and technicians will continue to be utilized to investigate and analyze .
these reports, and periodic public statements will be made as
warranted.

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END

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AS$0CIATCD UNIVERS1TJES. INC:.

UPTON. L. L. N.Y

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DE.PARTMENT OF
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26 December 1957

Jlr. Philip G. StronJ

&.-"-424 Thirty-t~ird St , N.l'f.

Washin:ton, DC

Dear~~l-nJ

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.

1 . received your cCi:J!lun;cation dated 20 Deember 1957 regarcHng

the declassiic~tion of the .Flying a~jects Coa=itteers concrusions.

There is, howe"'fc:r, just one point th~t puzzles me Md I '\\"'nder

whether ~Y meAory is f~iling. I do not re~ember at all that
Lloyd U.:! rkne r was a lll.embe r of our c:ontl!i ttee , but I do remember
that there \1015 z.n astrono:ter fr~ Otio State \\'hose nme, I
believe, was Hycek. Am I cor=ect?

. .Sincerely yours,

. s.

A. Gouclsmit

SAG:poh

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NATlONAL INVE5TtGATIONS COMMrrrEE

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~~~~!ved- e &u~o.rr c:t 'thB repcrt"e :!c~"T~,... h~, ~oo, 1n~1c._::,~
: ;~,...-; t.r.o t\l=~r)' c.1=. r.-:v c-:>1n:lci oou:ple telr with points tt.-8. t
=~~'t-!i .!n ?.up;:.~.l.t nad l1:te2.
.

of

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tb~t Ca?taln Ruppelt Wa5 chosen. bt

ex;-~~i~:".C$ e.~:i L~t~~r1ty c..~ m1ddle-ct-tb~-rort~

to po1nt out

n.1s
--~=~~a-::-:, to h!U:.:! Pr"j:-et ra~b~ck d..u-in; 1951 to l9oi3.
He .w
~ .. s ~:.~rl')~ !:z.po.:-tar1t .,_::o~~h. ar."i r..:-ll-vers~d er.cn.:llh. in ~:1e ,,;:;
:.... :,:"'~ ~r Pr-!s1u.,r.t Trt-:.:.:!:.n on t:..e u:o ~1t.u9. tloa
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:: :...:.:\'-':1 t~ brt~! n1~~,-r-.u.nk1:ne; off1ctrr3 ot tho i-..~r ..r ~av....-,
,. . : :~~ce, .e:;d r..& wns :l"t:"~j IJS ~~., e!'!'!e!.&l 8p.:2lcestntt.n on U?'O
..~ t.H"S '1..:.~1~!~; t'!l~ r:.. W'!'Y o! a!;t\t.ings !.:1 Jtilt lS52.
!le ws..s :
:r~ 1nset#!YD iuty &t !;!G . ~rrn r.,~uoat, an\1 at ~hl s tlm,, 1r y:-:;
t.c :r: ~.:lc, 'JO".l 1."!.! 1 !1:"lol tn1.1:t no nnd. a.n exc.e>ll,ant. Air r"o:-es ret~

in

11k~

411

! . !!I 1n~on'!eive*ble, tr-eretore. tht. t Captn1n Ruppelt.!'s!loul~ . ~!

~~:t tL"'11 !'a..!.:ss 5:n t c::8:-.t e..o~u"t thG oxls:..,n :~ ot ti")!l A.l~ FJr-:e

~ - :.U~'!t~~ft

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tn~

co::i)1n&t1on

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~:'ie:~roro .rea p~c~..:."ullJ ro~\iest, \t!1...'l~ NICA~ be givt"n a cooy or 1
!~11 t'":t~l r'!'?~r~ t.Qr e~..:.i~'""r1son w1tb tha 1te!'Ds 11s~ad. by c.,p.
_t4l! r. Rupt;oi t 11 h!:a b:o~, tn..i for occ:par1~on w 1t.h u;e su=r.nry
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-:~s-:..'~ !l!.r~~:.ur c! t~e C:l., w~:..l -=reu::h. fo!' r-.1 ~n~esrlty &I 11:-o
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on c&r;e1n ot!.-.:tr

: .-~s 1:U"orae1 'soee tl% ert~r t:!~~ CIA.-Al". par.el uet1ng in lt:~
:~;;1:. the C!l. ~~?r"'~!l~a ~!v" s t;.;.~ s t:-cr.zl:r re::o~~%\Oecl, .that t~~
A1r Force CO:J a e rt~.tea.3i.-.f; a!~.a~ 1;:.; re?Qr:s to taa pt;~J.1C. -p!.ay
j~YKn ::1a su~je:~ p~:>l1el.; t.lt 1~:- ~= ;~ssicle. an'i cond..l~t l~s
1:-.ve~:i~atit':l-' unf!$r 3o~....:.:ol t.7 r.,ir.l'i~tions.
Uy scur~e to:- tn!
w!\s an Air i.l.:-ce or.:..t:1!.l ~::o Wf;S w!.ialy 1r!or:ne:l on other aspe~:s ot t~~ UFO Jnv~s:lsnt!~~~nd f.lso had aeees5 t~ the 19~3
pnel r~ por't.

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cas.a B "~;enta of. ~~~ C:!. !'!~I& to.i.'! ~.T?'O wt tne.c ses

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n&~:~s nLls .$&1d ::.~ ~~n ~u::~ ~:.ft t7;o C'i.\ a~-ont;t lnvolvEt~ -- tr.en
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r9.3&:l.tly a b~ ..:.~ i. !ii:;htlr.:) w;~!.ch 1n:ol v:i a J..'\hot~~te.ph and t "'l.u.-.
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lf :his 1s r.~~ oc,r~1 w~ ~-~~::.d 1.:.~:~ t.o lt~Y"', so ti':l.t we c11n as::
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r;: ~A? ! ! ~-:tors :!.l :.! .: '\, 'J' t t .~ t ; . .!. s euti c.o~:tl1 t t r- a. "ile be l1e,. ~ 1 t 1lf! ;
':9 lr. t~o ~ss ti 1r:.tt~~r~st.s ~ f.: t!la c~unt.:-y to ole~r Ui) ~my ztt~,.. ~J'!'r
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.. b~!o~ tr6 h')'l:-!.r.~s ea:n bs o:-derecl. Wr.eth~u or. r,-:,; :!J -
!":e~r!r..~s a~e i':el~. ':':'11. 1nt~::.1 to eo 1n:o all as~\:ta ot tn!:J ~~o: ..
4#:'!.:! it w!':;. be iD?O:>!S.n~ :.!':R.t. we h.s.vo tbo views o: the C!A :a:.::.:

'Ft-;;::13., y~u t!1a t 11' a::y or t ne po1n: a I t.a ,., lis ~o'i ra.~~
&:tJ&1lv 1:-~ o::-or; ~~ a!lnll bs ,rlfo.:i to elear tt:.e:Je uo bv ~ !J~,;t~ ~
s. ~a -:~r:::ents . alXl ev!:!~:=-~ to t ~~ co:!:~rr t:n . cu.- . orttct~l .!!:..;.!\-.._ :.-:. ~
:..:-in s~~c.iul bullcti::s~ .'i~ b eliev~ :~at 1~ is n~eessary tn ;!:--!'-:
~we.:.: tt ~ ~ !n!\:ec.3lq; ~c~-:.u: !:;1 w oui; CFO!l !::&cauze ~n~u.., :.s 1 dO.:~~:
t~at ~r..e ~:)Viet c;ovor! : ~~' ~nt -:-:-"....ld .,_t &.!:y t1: claim that t~..e s;,~e ll!d fly!ne suu: e:3 a .;oJ a. ~. t -..:.s.llr t=:eir s ocrot weapons.
Beca:.~-=
of t.!lsir ~u::ca~fl ln ;.a'l..,r,.c ;~!.;.t; S!:.t.~.U.it'ls md tna1r ~la1cs of oto.:-:!
a~vtinC:~!l 1r. r-?a.e9 v~:?:-.i:~ ~t ; =: .!.~ 1~ C'.l!.te l!kol~ t.~t million!' ~r
A::e:-1 :a.::s r:r! ~;n.t bel! ~:e t .!" ~ .: i ::!n?. . s:1~;.o.er cla1:;;s a.nd t!li~ could
r!f~ul:: i~ a v~rr ~~ -~:.{lu.'J L~ .-:. tr:-1a -- tl hj~tl!ir1.a caused by lack
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1. !'lJa attaabe4 copies ot lettera afldresse4 to t.b3

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r,

'"

,. Aprll 1955

. I

..

I
I

F..:.T~n!.41:Et

with um.;ent.Ulcd

s:-r/i;I
.

~G ~leute

. .

1. %~jo~ E)-r%-:8& o!!ice (,\iCI;4) v:s con~ctod 1A

lilito t: Ac~ista..~t Diract.cr/SI !ro-:ra Chi:Jl

d~tcd L .}:r11 19581 ea'l-) r~tject

II

~cling

a to::.onto on Lotte:-s
!'l:llne ~bjccts

Sti?..t..CT

o!

t~e i&nsl re~ort

t~ l:.tl.jor Tacker,

ta

re.:ard

to

~r. Cavid~un ~ad ~~j~r teynoe.

O!!lco o! t!lo tac:-ete..17 of s.iz

Ferce I.'l!ort:AUo%1 .Sorv1co (~f:C)~
. .

I v:c.s reier:-ed

..

. .

2. In rea-.:on::: to OOlr ~e.7 as

any objection t: :l"ar tl~7cr1o~ t~eso

.
to whether .41r Fon:e had
-

..

..

la~tere enclo:.~ a CO'f!t

"tac~;or indica~~ t~t. h5 hac:l "r4the

or t.h'l

panel nrort, t!3j::-r

t.'ls CIA tonor..rd t~'! lette:zr to hiD~ v1t3 ca~i~ ol t.'le' u::JC'JA:ssi
!i11d ro;.ort. an1 h-~ ~1 a."lS'..~r the l.etwrs. i!~ Gt.3~ecl th.o.t the
J.ir .Fore: is CD~801.1,~ to 1.;;prass Uf0l1 l!ajor !e~ aM othua
1n a D.t~ttazo ro~i~len, t!'t~t hiD or11co is ~ha Fl"OP;U' Flt.Ce to

. .

cccs !or

~uc~ in!o~:~~lon.

3. In "G'iov ot

th'J~!cr~,

is

~in-;t

e.dvis~ ~r. ~vi~:s~n

r:"J c:on~oroat1on ui\b~:Aj.. "l~cker. I callod .

an!< Chipi!ain t.r.~ L~I 1 3 ot'L"ico anJ dTisad bin that the
:ore~ ~-only ~ro.i~rred t~ ail:i.:Jr t.hl! let.ton, ~ut wu
T.':~Gt. inslstant t!"-"~ t~31 bO p.:Jr.:.itt~~ t.o ls~r tn~~. Rs.,

'

4.

to .SC:lj t.,o lot.tcr~ \o ::Aj~r !acl:cr nnd

an-i l~J~r ie)'!'\oo o.r \his &ct.~n.

I t~1nk "o c~u u':;~ t :1is Frocedura c:s a procodont

henc,!'crt~ in all in=J:liria:; ra;uraJ.~ uiOs.. .
.

. ..

Ori.g and 1 - . ;..n/SI

..

2 - J.SD/SI

.1 - A~'J/-:!/J. '-"'.

OSI/ASD~lAx:3=gl/682

<

I_
. .~

. .

...
.. ..

...

'

.-.
'

- - --.

--- ------------------------

...

.-

4 .A.prU 1958

oments on Letters ta3li~ with Unidentified

nying Objects

SUBJ'ZCT

- - .- - -PEF~RENCE: Memo
aated

to ~S5idant Director/SI rrem Chier ;._~/~I~

I.

4 April l95d1

same subject

1. laajor Byrne s .o!'fice (i."'t'C:OI) r-S contacted 111 regard to

the release of the pansl re9ort to Mr. D&vid~on and .ajor Keyhoe.
I '\iaS reterred to 1-Iajor T.!.C.I!'er, Cifica or the secretary ot Air
Force In1'orlr.aticn Service (SAFIS).

..

2 _. In .re.s~-on~e to cur query as to -whether Air Force had

arrt objectiorl to our ~llS'".4erinz these la~ters. ~~tnclosing a copy
ot the panel re.r.:ortJ ltajor tacker i.ndicat~ tha~ he b&d n.ther.- ~
the CIA forward the lett'!r~ to him with copies ot the unclassi
!'ied report. an:! he will answer the letters. He sta,ed that tha
Air Fore~ is end~gavoring to impress u~on Major Aeyhot:t and others
~ a a1m1lnr f.Ositicn 1 tha.t his o!i'ice is the proper place to
cc~~ !o~ sue~ ~o~~tion.
.

3. I

ew of rr.y conversation With !!3j. Tacker, I called

a.."'lk Chap
in the !IDCI' s of.lice and aavisecl him that the
Force no only pr~ferred to ans~er the lettersJ but was
!:lOSt insistent tha.t they be permit~d to answer them.. Ue,
th~refo~e, is going to send the lettftrs to ~jor Tacker and
advi~e l~. Da.r.id:s.o!l acd l1 ajor ~eyhoe o! . this action.

..

b I

~bink we can use this procedure as

henc"!!o:-th izi: all inquiries reg&rdi.nji UliO s

a precedent

/"'"

SI

-l
" L\.~..-.
.

I'

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1

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. . :0

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Office Memorandum

.
....
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'

.o

. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

Aaaiatent mrector' ScienUftc

Intel, 1pllC8
.

...'
I

: Cb1e:t, AnUe4. Science D1'"f'isicm, SI

raoM

..

DATE:

4 Ap:-ll 1958

. .
.
Lttten Dealing vitll VD14aut1r1e4

suap.cr:
Cawe:ata.
.
C:SS:

OD

Ob.3eats

(1) Letter to Director, CIA, trc:lll LeCG Da'rl.clsoD, Ute4

l l March 1958
(2) Letter to D:lrec:tcr, CIA, traA Donal4 E. lteyhoe, JMJ:ector
cf Baticml Inveatigatious C.::mutttee
cm.AcriJ PheumeDa

1. As a reaal.t of the act10'A t~lrea by the lAC on IJ. December

1952 (IAC..l>I-90, Pe.ragapb 3&), a Sc1eAtit1c Intelligence Adviaor_r
Panel vaa convenri 14-18 Je:tmJArY' 1953 The pa:al conaiated at tbe
:tolloVing ae1ent1ste: E. P. P.o-~rtaCID., Lnis W. A1'V'Bftz, .Ll.oyd v.
~rkcer, s. A. Goud:rtt, .,4 Thorn~a Pe.p. 'J!h~ panel concerned

1t.self' with the evaluation of 8!1'1 possible tllreat to llatienal

.
Sec:urityty 'Jnj~nt.Uied flying objectt. The paneL issue4 & :e:PQr1: .
d.a.ted ~1 JermaJ :Y-1953.. 'J'h1a repar~ vu cJ eeeit1ecl Secret;

. ......

. 2. '!'he lettera :t:oc:a IeO!l Davidson en4 D=al4 X'ayboe to theDCI co~eerned th.....selves pr:!.'"'srlly vith Edw.rd J . It.9_pelt's book
on Unidentified Fl~ Cbjecta. At tbe t1M tbat the sc1ent1t1c
pe:c~l :c:et, Bt.~lt lr-aa a CaptaSo in the Air .Force enl1 attended. tba.
panel ~et~gs. Eia book., however, 1a concemed w:l.tb tbe 1dent1t'1ce.tio:L o'f t:n:! c!.entitied. !lying objects. Buppelt' a atate,..nts
:"eg:!.rci~ns th., t:iss1o:1 ot the p~:1el are iu e:uor. Ee bas led tl"o
reeder to belien the ~enl 'a mission 1lU to 1dent11'y the fl.,ying
_ objects ana to ma.'lte reeo:endatiODs on methods to fUrther :l.dentit;y
aucll objects. 'l'".o.ia is the basis for the appareat contradJ.etiona
vhich arose dtU"illg tbe ~e Wallace television interview. 'n::Ss 18
also the be.sia for Mt". Xsyhce a c:isg1:v1n.p.
.:
. .

3 In late October 19571 V.ajO%" Jamea F. Byrne c4 AJmlf-nA

re~ested a declassit1ed vers1orL ot the panel report. ~
o!t1ce contacted each ~er ot the paael encl. u agcee4 ~en,
cbtcle.ssitied version vas vritten encl sent to the. .Assistant Chief'
ot Sta.ft, Intell1 ~ce 1 Depax t.meut ot the Air Force on 20 D!~mber
1957. It vu th decision of eJ 1 . the panel m-mbers and .tbe CIA
that lr-h11 e Jlo ~er of tbe pane1 objected to tbe use ot his 1.1811$
1n C:O!:!"aet1o!l 'Vith the decl~s1t1ed venioa, tbey deairecl"tbat no
conoect1cZ~ of the panel "'ell'bera with CIA be d1acloae4.
-

..

'
J

.~..-.----------------

..

. -

... . ..

.. ..

---------------------------

--

SUBJEC.r: Ccwnenta Oil utters JlllaHng v1tb Uu:14ent1f1e4 J'l.yina Object. .

~.

It 1a appareat flau re'"''ns Mr. De.vidscm'a letter tbat

Mike llallaca bed a ccs;y of the acient1t1c panel. repart. lzl
addition, the asaoeiat1cm ot CIA VitA the VS .A1.r Force 1n the
eelec:ticm ot th~ penl was revealed dnrtas the television
1nterriev. ~retore, the panel members ha.w 'been asaa~iated
Vith CIA, contrar,r to their v:tsbea llcl eantrar,y to CIA.'a Cleail'ea.

5:

5. 'l!be real :ta:tent of the referenced letters 1a to obtain a

c,...op--y of tb.e penel report. In 'View of tb1a, Mrl ot tbe above. :lt

=t
ezpedient to send them the declessifiecl. 'Venicm.
XD order to not reveal
association betveen the panel m=be%'8

wal4 be

1m

ezJd CT-A, e1tber tbe Air Force ahoal.d asver the letten ar n
- shcnld make i t plaia to tbe recipients that va obt'J:aed the
par..el report :trc:m .the .A1 r Foree

6. Atta~ an copies ot the declaaaitted J!Pnei re,PQtt.

- -.... - .

- - -

-, .. -...

..

---

...,._.._

......:._ ~
~--,..........___.
.

. <-:""-..

-~

""'-"--

.._.,_
. ........
. .

- -- . - .

'

~- -...--, --:.~
--,=-..a"-'
7. ' _.; ~.. "?l-.'

. .......,....,

..

........ - ..... , . . ..."""...........c... "T

. '#" ..c..~'
.
~-~-
-~
-~..,:

. . . .,

..

-2-

..

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....

- - -------~--

..

...

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.

-- ---------------~-__;,.

______

..~

{.

BEE'O.~

. . . 011 . ....
.. . tm 1 t r::&rlt I ED JT.! I t~G CBJE(t(S

OJ' !rB! Scn:tU'ltiC PA;ngt, _

. .
. . ..
1? Jerm177 1953 ,.

. .

.. .

...

l'l

~e

un4a1 gne4 P.nel.

ot

ScieJr~

Cons'QJ.tuta baa u t at .

tbe repat ot tbe GoV6l'" eat to evaluate

iec~1t:Y ~se4

tmticnal

}'Oaaibl.e thzoe&t to

bi trnidezrtUied ~ ~~ecta
.

("F;cying .

- Da P&Dal. b received

tbe evic!aDCI U p:eactl4 by COgni_z a= GaYe11 w ental aae=ieal

}U"1:a:r117 tbe Uo1te4 states Air Force, and baa rev:teve4 a aelect10D
~the

'best

.
.
2; As a :resal.t ot ita ccmJidaratio::s1 tba Panel couclndast
.

..
""&t the ef1daee p:eaenta4 en Unideati:C.ecl ~

..

..
Obj..,ec-+te eheta ac :b:Ucaticm
tbat these

.
.
& cHrect pliJS1Ml tm'eat to D&~ 8tCazu1tJ"~
.

. -

.
\To~ 'believe that ~~N 1s no residma ot cases vtdch 1ndicatea
.

pl:e - "t:a 'Vbich an

.
at tribczta:'ble to f'ore1c;L ar t1t'P.cta capebla of
.

host l a..~a, Md tr-c the:: e :ta no ev1den:e tbat the

..

1n"~~-- a need -r~ th8

T>n

.
reTisicm ot ew:x\!Dt ecieDtittc:

ccmee;ptsi

3~ Ill t.be lJ.gbt ot tbta concl.us1tm, the Pmsel reccem a

.

..

~at tb national aecw:1t7 ase~:tu

take
!m Jei!1ate istepi
.
.
.

to atr:io1p the U.aide%%tin.ed ~Objects ot the o.peeW

they haft been glveu an4 tbe ama

aoro::tn~te~ ac~

..

Statu

ot z::oiter)" 'tbe7 have

.. _

_.

. -. .

..

. ..

~ -

.___________

.. .

.
.

- ..

'

..,

.
t

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-- - - ... ----~--------------------------

t.

0
..

We 8"SP.t that th11

."

a1m

1ftST be

4ea1gaetl. to reuaao tbe pa.bl1o o'f the total lack ot ev14eDCe or

smmcaJ_ ~oreea bebind the

ph~awit~

Ll~

8/

v; ~rm!l'

AssOCiated uaiveriit1cs1 1ri=

/8/
s; 1; aoua~:y~.t
/81 x; P: P.ob~ao~, ~~
cab 'tozv1a
I:Mtitiita
~ ~cEiOiosr msven ll&tiou;f iliDCliatGrieS
.
.
.

~/8~/~~t.u~s~i~"~~~.Al:~;!:va::;::oe~~s--___
Ullinnity or ea1Ifm1a

.. .

l si 'l'llowton ~
:tOini iCJP1Chl uD.i~i'tJ'

. .

..

'

. -----.. . .--"!"!'.-----

. .

~lee

c4 tho

trot.~-=7

0:

"in.l'o:i ntic.:l 5crviCG

Ito= k~ !)l.G
'i":le i'C!J.t.cc=

..

t." IJ.r force

..

"40 .

DE:G-:-

~,:3Jo:o ~o:-':n:ot
1

.. ... ,..

... ~I m

r ..

. .

57

J. ..
'O:c..

o;oott1-!Che.pi~ j~ ~r 58

Dist:

0:-i.G & l - AMrR.,see v/buic ~ enc.

..:? - I.DSI J.ttn~\!filton E. Lexe!f.l1 {bl("'))

1- !:a
1.;. Re~
~

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1 lJS~

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....

.:

m3

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....
..
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I ll!1 c,oa ec'!trw-!r.C CC'.JiOS c: o=-1r ).'Cl)l.1es to ~

let'tc:-a :.r~ti.JlS t~ 't.v lln\-., rctc~.vi th~ G CO!"l'eD,OonWmc8
to 't:h~\.! ~or :Eo',.-ce "!....-r l'C.:.ll\1. In e:'"tt1QU~ l m encl:s'~~
1\C yoJ. tttr.!.eO't&~, 'tb..."'"Ce CC~03 CJr tbo C!c-e.t::L:JpJ.i"!O<l rc;orti
e= tt;:, ~1~'1tii"!c .r~cl ll!.!ic:h ~"e bc1in 011r ~ilen. .

..
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..... . ..

. ~

:rn ~~s:;e to j",w.. ~cr~Gt to~.fwut.On E.~~: :~,0\ ~~ _

.~

. : . . :;.

. ...

. ."

cmc1o:ll~ tl:o lo'~to'-"0 'ra lmve ~cc1Vai fioa:llfa,JOZ'

.: .
~,d E. ~hy~e em' ur. tv...n t~"'1::1GCG..:ln\\ihicl\_th.l:l J?ke. ~- :...

. . .. ..

. ....

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64 Prospect St

'White Plains, N.Y

Jpril 11, 1958

Dr. Uoj'd V. Berkner

105 Mountain Ave.

Hew Rochelle, N.Y.

Dear Dr. Berknera

In accordance v1th our phon CODftraation tonight, I am quoting

below tbe text ot peg'l 275 or the book "The Report on Umdent1t1ed
Flying Obje=ta, bj E. J. Ruppelt (Douhledq end Co.,Inc., Garden Cit,.,

1956).

llalllllltt~"

The

Chapter Sixteen

Hie~""-:7

Pcmdera

January 1953 the scientists vho were to be m~mbe!l' o_

r
our panel or exrerts ha:i been contacted and bad agreed to .a1 t in
judgement- or th& ~- In. turn, v agreed- to. give them 8ftf'T dt.aJl
about tbe UFO. lle h111d our best reports for thelil to re~td, BZ!d ve vere
Oills to show theCI the t\10. mo?ies that SOm& int~lligence of'.!ict!r.S
eons!.d.~red as the "positive proot"-the Tre~nton .Hovie and. the f.fontana
Morte.

BT

ear~

U'!!.en this high co-.L""ii conve:Dirl ~ the mor.Ung or J'anu~17 12, the
first ~~og it receive-! -..:as it.s ord~rs; one~ th.re11 verdicts vould J:?:!
acc~-::~c.blez
[E::;lMsis supplia:i by L.D.J

J,J C.:'O reports an Gplainable as kncnm objects or natural.

ph~~menaJ there!ore the investigation ahould be pe~anentl7
discontinued.

2.

The 0:'0 :"Si)orte do not contain enough data upon .which to base a
final conclusion. Project Blue Book should be continued in
hopes or obta1:jng better data~

T.ce ID'0 1 s ere interplanetar;r apacecratt.

Th, llrlttc Te~--ict, the f.'l"OUP vas told, vo'Jld be given to the
llatioesl Socuri ty. Council, a council aade up ot the directors of all
intelli~nce ager.cies, [sic] and thence it vo1ld go to the PHsid~t
the United ~tatAei! they ahou.ld decid~ that the UFO'a were
inte=-?lan~tary spacecratt. .

u.s.

or

'

Beeause or m111 tary regulati~ns, the names or the pa.'"lel members.

lite the na":es or ao r:ney other ~hltJple associated with the UFO to%7
cannot be revealed. 1\to of the JDttn had :ude na.~ea for themaelves as
practical pbyeicista--they could t~onform the hi~hest theor.r tor praotical uses. One o! tht"~te ~n had dnvelopod ihe r.o.dar that pulled us out
or a big hole at tha bA'p,inning or 'Wo:t:id 'Jar li, and ths other had been
one ot the fathers ot tho H-bomb. Annther or the psnel members 1a n~
the ch1er cirlllen adrts~r to ono ~r our top :dlito.r,)f comander:):- an.i
another vas .on, m~~ntJ:"\e: .lo'hou --"''! ~ ..._. f"1~r'ht: t: .-+ .~ .. !fiPC'\ -.. -

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Jlised ie reapectacl throughout seictific 'c ircles. 1'here wali a
vho
ia .noted tor Ua highl;r theoretical p~sioa and mathDm&tica, at2d another
vho had pioneered opera tiona research during World Wa:ir n. The sixth ( l 1*
lberlber or the penal had been honored bt the American Bocket Societ:r and
the InterutioDaJ A.troJaut1oal lederat10D tor h1a volk 1n monng apace
travel tro:a the !Qclc Rogu-s real a to a poizlt or near :nal1 aM vho ie

m.ov a rocket 21lrt

It vas

aD iz:zpras~v

coUectiOD

or top

I01ezzt1t1c talct.
..

[ED4

ot quotation]
Motet ~ tin Nma are aii%1ed to the w:a:&.l'7 just rel..,..t

nz.. Berlwer, rou \IUl J:l:lte that the tenu of reraron=e quoted
above emlude any poas1bill't7 c4 a finding that th U.t'O report vere . .
due to u.s. Governc:snt activit7 or a research or developmental nature

(such aa the arti!'icial cateo::r prognc) or ot a ml1ta17 or psychological

varl'a.re ~tu.--.. From the vir.I\)Oi:lt of comoD sense, your p2mel coW.cl
p:-edictabq be expected to coma up vith co12clusion No. 2 (i.e., fUrther
.-tua;r ia :-eqn red), a1nce 1:0. 1 ia too cockS\U"'e and llo. 3 ia too ridiculous.

It 18 r:i belief', \Ulc,.anged since I first atarted. to atua;r tbi s subject at Los Ala::o11 in 1950, that. activities ot the tJ.s. Governmmt are
~esponsible or the !'171ni saucer sighting~ or the last decade. I nov

heUeve t!:.at the agency which bears ~!last ot the respnnsiblli t7 tor causbg
&M a'bett '"'i tbe n?orta is the Central Inte) Hgence A.pncy, vhile the

technicel , ..d (shaJ 1 ve eay) logistical support coua troll the Na-v:r.
The Air 1or:e baa bun rele~ated to the position of aoepegoat.,&:.~d its
investigatio:s are dinrsionar, taotica naceseary to the PS7Cholog1cal
varf'an r..:ategr.

It should go vithout a.Dg that I diaappron of the state or attain

vbich 1e c!scr10ed in the preceding paragraph. I oan1estq hope that peo s
~le such as youreelt, vho are i.D a ;>osit1cm to ]CD,., more thaD baa been
released to the general public, and vpo mq be made aware or -the undue
1Dterest V.".ic~ 8 nying saucers" have attained iD the &J'I!!I& of' the general
populat1cc, \o-ill atep !orvard at this time and, acting perhaps thro~h
a Ccngreseiccal cor:r:' ttee or a learned eociety, J118ke a concerted e.ttort
to '!>tr!, the Un!dentitied Flying Object ot the aura of J~.V~Ster,r they
have \mf'crt\matel,- acquired.
.

It voul.d give me great pleasure to recoi?e BriT c~::zne~ata ,.on might

. have on thi 1 subJect. Nothing voulcl be publiehed vitbo\lt 70ur ccnseat

---------------~

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Leon

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~s!,~::'.,l.f~~ ~~.:_,-:.:,~ a:-~Ct to :!'~.._i!D Sl~{~t c:'..C
'-c.n1-..u ~~ -:A ,ccr-r-6'n o"!)~:."'\<~'t!er..a at ~ ~

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INC.

AsSOCIATED UNlVEltSlTIES.
r

10 COLn&au C.nteU

Nsw YOftK 18. New YoK

. .

. .

~ Le~n Davidson
64 fr~spect Street

'

Dear Dr Davidson:

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-;hita
Plains, New York

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Thar.k you for your letter of .April 11th which called . :

.
my attention for the first time to the quotat~n froM . ..
Tha Re~rt on Unidentifiad Flying 0bjectsn. I cer- .

tainly agrea with you that there has been a cnnsid- . . ..

er~ble attempt to stir up puulie e~ncern about the

ph~~~Gna. but it is extraoaly difficult to q~all such

activities, psrticua:-ly since th~se w~ e~re responsibla f~r them certainly are realizing &ome renuwerative
return.
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. . Sincerely,
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President
.

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I have: t<lken th-a liberty of for\Vardlng y'lur letter

inf~:mally to ref~= this matter to appropriate persons .
in ~h:! goverr.mer.t .in the h?pe that furthC!r &'teps can
be tak~n to cle~ up the Qatte~ una~~iguously.
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ASSOCIATED UNIVERSITIES, INC

SvnE 1750, CoLzszuM Tow sa
to Co~oUMavs CtJtCLE
Nzw Yoax u~, Nzw Yollx

..

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21 April 1958

Colonel Phillip G. Stron

33rd Street, NV/

shington 7, D.C.
,_..,.-

42~

De~r~hif!J)

I am forwarding herewith a copy of a letter sent to

me by Dr Leon Davidson calling attention to a recent
publication by Doubleday and Company and expressing
the vie~ that this matter is still being stirred up
from gnvernment sources

It would be very desirable that the idea that such

reports were emanating f~~m responsible persons in

the- qovernment: could be definitely killed off. .. 1

~uid be gI ad- to have your SJggestions on-\'lhich I

might base a furthe~ reply to Dr Davidson .

With best regards,

Sincer ly,.

'%.u.~cf
1 tuJ

L. V. Berkner
President

Signed. in l!.r Berkner's

absence

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Whito ?lu1nB1 R.Y.

~rtl

Jhjor I.:rJ'l'C!l'Ca J. tcekel"

FU:SU.c I:U"01!!t!ti=t2 D1Y1alan

O"!co o! :tnro."'=ltiCD Scm.ces
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vas:-.:~~

or tho .til" Force

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':i=1a
1D response to '1CJe l~tte or lprll 23, 1953; 'vhich .. . }_<.- ..
I hera ~oto 1D .f'Ulll
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o~lodga -~letter or 16 April 19sa . . ~ . .,:.:
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"l'h1n 1s to
co:=sz:t!Ufr tbt c:, eA) of:" tba Sc!noU C!c Pa:nl . Ee,!>att . ct. : , . ::.:...~ .. ..=. .
17 .Ta:r-l:J')' 1953
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. For )oo;2r i.~ar~tian 1:one ot tbe rf.H)O:!S!Xfbhtions ~oa attribute. .~ . ': _. :

to C:ptd.zr ~t'a
be>*
vee
ee~e bJ" ;the p--tn91. 0
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Fir:rl:1 '=27 I mt.a f:3' p1:no::nl po:d:t!.on elM,.. I want only to cletO%'-
C"'l~ c:1 to puuli~lt t!!o t::*oth obotrt .1'7'-DIJ e:tuee:1:1 wbject Of"
. : _.~~
c:~""':e to r':!T'J' s~ll::r:le s~.1rtty ~il~;tions. I a:s not
.~.
. . cc::~ t:.:!:th dc!'c-;d1~tt ox- ettcckl.nB fl!lj p:r.oee=cei:vocl ~ut.io:za a'.... . .:.. ~ . : : ,.
r:v cw or of n"!f otJ~cr por.s=.
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Y~ lottor~ ~U:ltc:rd oboft1 i::;>l1os thDt .either
- . ' . .:. . ~ .:
(a) ?.u~lt' e ~ ..:as 1neot'NC't in ststi.t.l.~ tho 1'&:291. roo~tJ.omr
(as qnoto4 in !::;rlott~r t'l you at J.pr.1ll6, 1953),. O-!'
-~. : :
. .
(b) ;a:1 e:-o oUl:f nror:ri!l.l to tho ~n 'D%7 do:rto:l Jt'Jl 17, 1953
{a ec:q ot t~~cl:l is cnolosod Yitb tllis lettm-), tf.:ich at CCJI'JZ'H : . . .

. d~:J =t co~1 n tho ~o:: da"tic=l zv;>O. tOil b:r IblJPOlt. . . . : : . . .

.
.
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1:1 t!:e lntt~ caoc:t, (b), it :-GTJJ!s poa~blo th~t the full text. .
or t.~o PS!lol r~rt, 1 ccdo :publl.c]Jr swiJablo, d..~t c!low that
. .
~7!~1t 1 ts bo2 u~ cubtJtsnti:tlJ.T c:)nwt 1n 1.to rc,!.)Ort em th3 .PllnGl. .

roc 'W'--U

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. Si~ ~twa the br1e!iDG o~'1.ou tar tho Panot' at tho : '' ... ~Pcnt:;:o::, cni h"';l r.n inU:.wt~ ~O"..:lcJ...o:o ci" tl"&~:s r~ol' a dol1bor.sU.on:l ..
(n:J tlc:;:ribod in C!::lptor
or hi:~ lo!:) thoro is cwr,r re:1!JOD to
bcll~-.-a tl-.:1t ho 1:!::.:::11!' hed ciecesa to a c~ ot t!1o c~:!9lote %"~~
or thct Pm:ol. T:lis boliat is SU?pol"U>d Or tho 3ct tl1:1t on P 231 .
of l-.ic book hG t!JO'te:J V~rb!lti::t th.l fir~ ~~!!l':!~h ~ t!le PD::cl
1\..""?~:-t. (l:cto ~hd:, d.!~eo t~~ p::r:~,:.l':!p!l c?;;3~t-:J n~.:l1ore in the
Su:-:-::y or t!lo i~:J:t ot tll'J l'o:lol \lh!ch -yrn. cent to De ou A!)rll 9th
t!~r::J i:l ll:')l"'C~ C!ltubU:-.htJl tb:: teet td' tho cr:;;:i ~tet~ce or tho 1\\ll
?.:l~:1: 1 ~3 n q,.Ut..J cl!:J~l~~t ~\lc~nt 1D it:. cr.m ri~ht, i.Illl.c,c::lcct
ot tl~o ~-.:..-.c%7 ..:bleb J'OU s-m t. ::c.)
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On p~:as 29a to 2?4

ot fJ:!r:Olt's.bock, 1:3 ~fta p--..:-c;..!=::cs

mad dieo:lt:s ot m:h or tho full P.cport or the P!mcl, i!lcl:-i":g

tho .tollo-nng rpoairio itowaa

.
.
.
p.2;) ~ p:r.ol didn't ~o.~1:md tliat tho activ1t1~ ot Blue &ak
bo eut bac:l:. anrl t!lq ~Jnt raccr.x.eod that it bo dro:-:pod.
i'bq l"CCo:r~:-A&d th:lt. it bo f)"~r:loo'tl~ axpa::a!;<l tba,r

tu:o..~~

W'.:lcl

:!nn'=U~tivo

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o co:uiiclo1-nblo
!'Mea ot ?rojoct m.ua Dock

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of tJ0!1ey

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p.294, -tni ls:stly, tho;r ~1d tlurt tho klrlr!cm12 publSc llbou]! be . ~ ~
told cvor,-Jlat:dl a eve~ l)J'lc~ of' thi U?O 1n7ect1~ti= . :: .
.. the ciotaUn ct .t ho s1cbt1:::~. tb.o c!!ici.Bl conalu!J!!)ns end ; : ~- :.
~ tilt) ec::ll:!.icn5 vera n.,-lo.. ~cis w::;uJ.J s&na Q doc.it.l&
. . .
pm-po.oo; it v.--.ul,d di=.el. or:~ !>t tha cy.st--.1..~ th:ft ue.::U?ltt : : ~
breod3 and it wul:1 ket? ~ Air l-~orc11 C11 ~ reii-slo;PT
....:.: . .
inv~:rti,:ntions &!d a:al.J ::&:1 VO""-lcl ::.O'tar CJcc:t&r.
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9th, :r;:;t!:!:o .tul.l t~t ot tl!o f'(-.:lCtl1 s rC!)~ l.-lll.cb prc::nos~ ZOt:na

to a c~d.IZ~:-ublc lcnf:"'..h. (J.ceo:t-Jin~ to :t:l;1pclt1 s oeccn~t, tllO i"ul.l

ror.crt ,lint:lU.iO~ "'"'~.:i.rill C:Ocr.'Z!ltG o:l ct le~st .rift)" L-it;Al.::lCt:ll:t't
tao :.-e:. ~:t:s e"ri C!l ct le9~t tuo ZX)T.I.o ~lru.) It 1a-tlN lstt~1& 1'Ull .

etrl ~1~;. "icus l'e;1:rt !ro: ~ch ibl~!llt pl:r:r~rrasu t1lca F#%1Gl' !a

c~cl':d.~n:~~ GS quotoi nbovc. Ict yot1 &:Q' that the l'llneal ~t:c. thfJH
co~f'u:;;ion

,.

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.
I lr:=-..t umt t~ i!nitsd Sbtos Ab Fo~o l2=14 -not vaxrt to bo
tli..::~t ~o !),) 'U:'.f"clrl3' ccc.::o:rln;; C~t~in l't,polt of tcll.i~ doli~a..ate
untr.:es. It -D~"2 illl'lt so-~ rdsnnd~t.rmdin~ l!:l'7 Im-.ro arls= th:rou:h

--.

two 1tett: 'iil'lt~

tr.st

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to ~ of ~ril 23:-J, ~~o~::.C: a&rU.~ a~;e, ... .. _

1o ttt..at:.;-,?~t to c de:-"! ..,=nt1cn 1v tbo Atr Force thet ~olt' s .
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f~y I r"e:J?~t~ roqt!a3t thDt tho ~ 7~ c\:tn$1lt -.41th 'the .

c~tr:l lt:ta1,-' C::l:CI) 4\::,t::1f:1', to tl7 to ClfLrii)' tl':t:J situatic.1l bT l!f~
~ t=;, reJ. rt:;to:"t C~ thO 'i;.C..'1~1 )T.lbliO at tldG tlt'Oe
1-~ould
.
8Er...:t to bJ i:llo Pi.-:;Uo:;t, oost di~t~
~R das-! rablo ~ to
. : .: : ... ;-~
aettla tl!e c~~zicn -u~cb h!l~ ~:x. C"".ri~nt 1n t!li- a -particular'

rus

am

..

r~cot o: t~:t !"~-J.;:;: ~ucer pic-:u:-o. to tlli:. cn:i I rej'O:lt,fcr year

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offici 11 l.!.r i'o:-;o

cn~JI!I!"S

to

~ose q\4~rticm:s

at 30ur

~7

ec==

vaa!oneo

or

t."'o .T~'"':.l:tr,r 1953 ~1. ntU'!c p=alll.

dcc11l:jr.iflO'l iD ul1ola or 1."1 p~, ol' U!leln~~el'l

[1) Iu tlto r-port

nD'.l

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(21

[3] In ~blt

Z41nba!-

wmr.o:' loe,ticm.,

GVP.ila!ll2 tQ the

i"-1~ 1c?

zoo;xxrt tcsr ~pratit

)1tJ;r I o~~iza a copy -or th1a

~

..

~to

mea 61JU'i!7.1t1= to tho publ1~1

o:rt.:l'.>l 1 ~

pubU~t1ou

..

vord, ~~ rs!"a:s to the

full tct ot tho ~ort at t:le il'..::al, as cle:;cribod. !q ~::!'olt, mr.1
'
!ca~ I!.O~ 3lfer to the ~ aatot! J11~ 17, 'l.9SJ i:!atcb )Cil havc:s
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.

64 Prospect st

White Plains, N.Y

J.pr11 Z1' 1958

Ecm .Allen 11. Dulles

Dinetor
Ce:1tral Intelligence .Ag&ney
VaShington 251 D~C.

. .

Dear Mr. Dulless

I :respect.tully rectuest thnt ,our ottice give or.ri~al.

atte:1t1on to tbe matter described in the enclosed COPT at
a te.a:ter to !-'.ajar I.. J. Tacker, at the Office of the Secretaq
ot the J.1 r Force.

Specdficall7, I have lleen sMk1%1g anrJers to .tha. four questioD~

vhic:h appear sttbe- ezd. or the letter to Hajor-Tacker. since
~ letter containing those questions was sent to you an

~--eh

It is rrq wderst~di ng tbe.t ,our office may be 1Dvo1ved

iD t!le m;.,intenance o! secrecy in conneetion with the Report
of~' Scientific PRe! on Unidentified~ Objects, vrittel:l !:1 J'enuuy 1953 Although I have received the Su..""'CUJr,r
of t!:!e .ileport, follO'.ri!lg r:q original letter to )"'U of l~rch 11,
it re!:a1ns or importence to obtain the ru:u report or public
disse='Dation in its original form

ll, 1958.

Ha,. I request

to give personal consideratiC:m to the

possioilit)r or relees1ng this report. Since the Panel was jointq

selec:ted and convened b;y the C.I.A. elld the Air Force, it
vould appear that )"'ur pe111dssion is necessa17 for release

,.o'J.

At tbe risk of' appearing somewhat repetitious, uy I

re~uest that )"'U help to expedite answers to the tour questions
a.t the em ot the enclosed lette%1

.S 1ncere}7 70Uft,

~~~

Leon Davidson

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EDWA= J. IUPPAT
~VENUE

1911 J05tl

U. u.LifOIN&A

LONG

Ra7 7. 19SI

RP. woza Dawld.aon

'4

rluu.

ton

lew

P1"01pH' itr.el

&it.

lpr11 2ith nd,

.~blSaher- ~ubied1

M7

baa rtrwarded JOur letter of . .

1 ea rettr.d trom '~ UPO eozatP~

altho~n

wer-a7, I will at\e111pt to th.ecl eo 11p'.. o

JOV p:oo~la.
.
...
. .
.. .....' - - ..-.. .. . .. - .. . . .
.
.
- .. . . -=..:..:... ....- . .. - .,-. . . - - ....
P1rat. the Alr P~ree had nvtr.tns ~o do 1th t~ ~t1AS
or t.b.e ae1ent1t1 ranel ,c.u r-.ter to. lt vaa ~o.:mplotolf ,
up Aa4 carr1d o~t b1 another g~~n' c;ono7. ~SG~~
tQ ~ tno~l~~o n~ written re crt vaa oo~ ~'- ~
a
r'ei)OP": waa n:;oate\i
u.r!ng t.t. .... , ~ \U reJoatad aa e
W41ta .or t.lm. otrort. a:"lcl 1:110n1 1 cUcmt. ~
lAteP la
r;: ~ok tt:.2 \ a tu.ll vrl ltn report wa.A ca4e.

'

--

(j)

...

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---

~
4

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'

'o

liSe! the !Umosre,as.4 ploce ot pe~P

t)s' JO\l o:.celoae4 1:a 10\lr leltoP to ~~le&JJ !f:a Ea\J p1o08
F.:\ f>t pap~~ I ovar aav ~)t vaa p~dueed bJ t~ paml ma ct;) t:..
~olaaa1t!od ~o-aheet o~t.oseo~ v~1ob I bello?o ~Q ~sir-z~d
\o t:o reloca~d \o t.t:o pre a a. 1 t va1 roterro4 to oa 13 tha 11hitG
poper Oft u;-c)'a. I ' waa 81.,.-n tc Air . Poroo . 1nt.oll1c;orso t7
tbe 11snc7 aponaerl~ the ~otl~ an4 at loas\ ~ ..,, POA~
ed A?IC but 1t v.a no~~ rld to L~o pPGoa. I~ aal4
eaaont1all7 tho aasa tn!n1 the one JOU eneloae4 iA JOUP
f7A lett.ar e:oept lt e,.lJeJ o\lt oaeh pC'Ilnt. b a 11\tlo eon ~b'-
\!/ tail as4 it va1
ao~ or ~ q\lotG OD pas- 291 et QJ ~

4.o~ 1 '

P~~all

'b

:ata~1l"'lS t.ha abo~. I do not a. an \o lat'or tba\ tbe

ploa ot p~~~ dolc~1blnP. th panel a.tl:; wh1cb JOU o~lGae
1~ JOUr lettoP (and vbirh ! aJIUAI vaa roleoad ~7 \be Air
Po~) ia lncorroc\.
It could vell be la a4d1t1on to t~ tza
JG~ tlOC"
D\ I !"W r.rred ~-

Ia

Ccw, 1a POSar4 to

reoo3nan4at1cna ~orol 447

ct~<>P the ps~l ~=~t1r.,a I vnt tro.a Da1ton to ~~ln3\oa oD4,
'elCH\3 w1 t!:a C;-1;a11r Oe:.eral uarlc4, thon tho C:Uer ~ Ai-:ter.
v1~1~4 t~ ~ncy t.~t ap ~ nored t~ .panl .a1~. va cere
~14 tba' t~ paDel bad retC.:NIIncS.ech

t~

.Projeet Blu &ook bl expen&.4.

1.
2.

b.

e,.cJal11 ta

tae~ulct

bo adda4 to t.ba at.H.

l~truznt.a aho~4 b Mt.
All oe~re1 a~ould ~ atr1ppa4

Cod~d . Frcr., Nearly

I 'I .'t:rl.;,ie 0 ri :-ir, al
'

--- ""

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.'

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.

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Ot
th ~-~! beea~IP ~.A, var ~~~r~ r.a4 rre. a p1ee Ot papr
an~ I had t.er.l tt. P": wotrra:.!J aare on thea a t" clcay
t a'ml tr... t

~:t~:u~

w-,.. tnP !"!ttl)n N~OP"ent1t!cn.l

be to:-.

I returned t.o ATIC,. ~nnl 01J"laD4 told =e ~ ha4

d1ae\Uae4 'h rc : r..a t1 ona w1 t.b MaJor Geural SG=torCI. aaon
the Diree'o~ or IQ\ll!,ence, and that I v \0 oarr,r ~
J.t'~r

or

Ro.o
!ldat.lon "a ~o,. cc,~ld not ~ oa~rld oo.1t boauM
lack o! ~n1 an~ tt. wl~t~a: lmya~a1b1l\\J ot ~tt1n&

et Til

aer1 1 ce

JH:el t1 or~ a\ A'!":C

~C:O!ld!1, \t.e l"'e ver

~Jpnd1z;~ ~. proJoc;t,

aan7
.La

p.ople "tO ir: .:bt.~ t:. va! e!

a no.xt-beat .. JDO'f'e, t!'.a 4~J2nd A:3 or" Air Defense Cocwa~i n
tied 1~to Project !l~ Soa and, 1D act~lltJ, th~ prc~e~\

vaa quadrupled
1n tll

Oen~ral Qa~~an~ ~~aon~l!] pusbed tho r.coa3dn4d 1~'r~-

an t.a t ~ O:"l prorr. t ~ t D jra! r. s..~:.t )' wa tbe p rc blom. l Y151

j:ople ~.! ; ,!!.;a n1e 1 :~ g., t !nt',.,r=a t:."n em tree. ida.:;

=r.'

oq~1~~n~.
dagn~~.d

..

..',

In =1 book I eta ted that tbe raaaon toP tbeao ~cos:otnutat1ona that tna pane! va~ r.ot 1vr abG~~ tbs ~?0 ~portar

..

'biJ-o eight be. aoaat.llt~~ th.. r

waa \M:Sl the~ ~~.i/th~

8ut t.he ~IU\el ' I Mjcn'" -raaon for reco -Mill;!
. De IC>Dethl~.
that t:: 11!'0 lnYe tJ '. t ~ .;,n f.r~oig:ea:t be o xpandocl. l \11\do:sea t.ood
tro.a ~ c1J SC\18;a!ec. '-~ S ~,.; eal'!l Wh' o-eolloc! "oxperinnod
poplo wnt 1r.t4 a t!z&J ~~n~r a UFO usa roport.d.
th1a I ::iiiJe an p11o t
r r !.~r. t.1.r.g w l t.b ballooD.s and plcan ta,
r.6ar operatorA were traec1nA ~n4 rl~tting intal"'fo~nao, 0~ 9

~1

(j)

tl
t
,

18

~r.a~rum.~ta\~~o pr~graa vaa oarr1e4 o~t but

~~n t~ :r.e r.~~~$ ~r14-~~ra t1aaco, ~ich

!b

l l bc-wn. and an AOC ef!'(;rt lr. aecelentln,: tba1r JU~3~

~O })Ut car..ra en radar JSeOpfl.
( 'tha ~Pid-~r:.n pro::l'e.:l
Ja ia \~ ~ll at ~ t1~ b~t h,4 bos~d 4:~a.)

:.

'-cl

er

('i1
.; /

turthe~

I do not oar to ~1ecuaa th!a aapeot

but I bl1ow.
10\l ean Naliaa ~ ;-r-..~~1." -:.n-1 "l\7 I rl1t11 1 t p41.rou. thv po1ta'
1.D

r.:

book.

..

'lbe panel . . d \UO&:lt~u ln Agrl~ tha' c:s o;:pea.a1?0

t:-aelrt113 ~~ct ~r 1t..a11 wvu~~ P1 tor 1 blt 1n t>a n3aUft
tctor.'3t1o:a 1t veuld sat.bo,-. !~ v~\lld. be vort~ U. 1ll1c:s
e:- ao 4;,11~:~ Pe 1 t would oa t 1-o pvo~a to tJut ~Nolii::l; na\ t~
6 :rear or hlo tn w ablo .t.c; DA'/ ab~olutol7 notb1~ hatl toQQ
4atoto. ~ DJ."' proje~t ~.ad alrea41' coat t.bot ~:r..a.cn cu~d ~o

panel

co~~ vl~l1$o

~1U~ ~at

.or aonoJ

no\ reaoh4

WON

The

va~

b.

r.~n~~datir~

toe4.

Tne

___

aDd a. . o ..... ~l, touk

!~

rel~Me r1t.,lc~,

r~a~Jn ~ ~na~
!~e !n!~!"::l"'tt:~n

Sr a ao!ut1oa

rec~2nand~~1on

v ba4 trJel 1t !n 1952

v ;,ut . .:t

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. I t:-at th' tbla letter anvr reu.r ttuattoaa

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It I ro..~r corrctl7, !~ i9S2 MaJ~r a~w1 Pourno\ wnt

te grea' t~ubl to ot fr.Ja!~n ~ ;tYe 1~Y br!etlna and
1 wa G~all ve 7 rather poorl7 receJwed

...

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. a.h1cb we bellwd to be !:r r.d r.~r.,;. an~ ea. ltl7

------~ ~:....,

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33r4 Stzoevt, B. V.
11 D. c. """=~~.u

1958

:~

~a,

I.

lI

Your letter ot 21. Apl"U Yitb. 'the enclosures denlSns with

Dr. D:.Ticl#cm wre 1o"D1ttns tor m em 1:::1 %'&!tum floa a azrth'a

&

cbzaoacl.

Sho~ before 'Z11 deputve, e1 ..1l,v letters hDA

tr<n Dr. Davi~on c~ a'vo tro:lTrjor Keboe. 'Tats

us

to
couesponaence

rete.rrecl to the A1 :r Foree tor &,!)propric.tf.t actiou Mcl1 iDee .

receillt of~ letter, I h:tvo 'bee:ll :1ll touch vitl\ the ottlcc:s
conccr:ca. to t1nc1 out ~t tbo preu,t st:.tus is en4 1oil~ su14nn=
I :do:.t &ivo l'OU :1.n the JCD.tte:o. UniortunateJ.y,~~ I vm DDt be ~e
tO &crt toge't&~er 111th thc:l u:lt1J. SOM't1m Dext 1t'aekl 80 't.bf Ill 1s iJl
'the =ture cmJ.y or e:n uteriJ:l aern~led.ge:ent. I 1l1ll \71"1ta ,ou
lt"8.S

~-llhmr

Z:. knO'II' D):'e

a~ ..tbe

o~

p:e:J.Cut. st:tus

t:J ci"tter., .

On~ poiD.t I m~t r...!fc o~ w1c:ll )'CU a.re ot course wU awzoe

is thtrt t!l~ :~tetc-:-Jt""'t r;de by lNppeJ.t quate<l b7 mason ccmcernm;:
"orclers'' to the Pa...l is co:;plet~ \litl::lwt tcmrdntiCD

..

'

..
Dr. 1.1 ol'd V. !Jer.irner

Prc:;idQc
k:::>e1c.t~ UD1vel"C1t1es1
lO Col,~1":u:J CL.-cl.e

Inc.

T.ev York l.91 l!ev %ol'k

It

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------

64 Prosoect

Dr. Lloyd V.

1.713, 1958

~rkner

Associ~ted ~niversi~es,

IDe.

Suite l7SO, Coliseum TeNer

10 Colu:bo..:s Circle
NIN York 19, N.I.

.l copy or

.'

.Dear Dr. 3erlalen

St

Ybite Plains~ ~.I

letter o A'Pril 71, 1958, addr"ased to M-jor

Tacker o-r the Air .foree, vas sent to you, and another cow was sent
to Ed.Ya!'d J. ~elt, foit:=r head or t~e Air Force Pzoject Blue Book,
vho brl.e!'ed;,ou mmhtn o the Sci.antilic Panel. ill Jann.a17 195).
I em enclosing a copy or the repi7 vhi.ch I just. received tl OC:Mr.
Bu:"pelt.

ley'

I beg your 1n1uleence 1n this matter, in case I a~pear to be

pus.'li ..,~ this :::.ltter too ~ar, but I am cost eager to develop t.'te tn1e
picture o: the nyit:g sa>Jcer 1nvest1~at1:)n. Therefore, _I vender 1t
I ci~! request you to s:::cd me (brie!') &nS\-Iera to the tolloo.d.ng
questt.c.:s, Yhich are rr-hered to cor:e5;~0nd to mareinal nw:1ber, on the
enclosei c~7 of kpi)elt' s letter. I am seeking to v_e:f:ii)" Ruppelt'
reeol!e:tions, after a i'ive year !)erlod, and I umerst!lnd that it :oq
not ~ possible for )"0'.1 to supply me Yith all the anS'.Iers !"equeated.

(l]
t1as the Panel c.,:arened bt another agency thon the Air Force?
.
.
.
(la) :;as this the c.I .A..? (or)
[lb) A:-e lou at 11bsrty to d1wlge the n"!me or the convening ag ~ncy?.

[2]

Did the per.el mke a vritten report, other then the

~~al7' released llpril 9, 1958 (enclosed)1 . .

[3]

Did the p~nel produce. two-aheet stetemeut ror release to 'the

press (called a "White Pa-per, perhaps) ~Yhich was perhttps not
actuallY released !n toto1
.

[4]

ilas the quotation .rrom ,,. 291 or. 1\tppelt' 8 book, vldch beginsa .
~~. ee group ~o not believe that it is 1~~~1ble for ao=e
other celestial bod7 to be inhabited by 1ntellir.ont creatures
llor ia :t.tnoo.,ever, the~e is nothingth:Jt would
1ndieate th~t t:is is t Dlcing place.
vas t.'lrls quotet!on in.iead the fir.:t paneraph ~ your intended
at A te::ant1
. .

~recise

~are the ~anol recom~nd~tions ossontiol~

(5]

eiven

h1

Ru~polt

items (a) and (b)

at the bottoa or P l or .his onclos&i letter?

(6]

Did the po.nel cgroe to these recomm niations verboll.1' 'beroe

disbond1nr1

[7)

Jas the !'3nel concernod, in a msjt~' sen~, vith tr,yinc to tin:i out
.,...., "Axocr~eneod poo;'le" vcro roporting saucers?

.
.

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-2

[8]
Can you enlighten me, br1en,-; on the reasonin~ behind tho p::nel's
hterest 1D the que<ttion 1D [7] above. (Huppelt' s let.' :er does not 10 into
this aspect, and it W be invUved vi~h the field or interest or
the unnamed other ag&nCJ', ao !)erhaps 1CN will not cere to coment
on this item. In .that C':'sa, could. I ~ose the f'ollowing substitute?

[Sal

[9]

Was the panel asked b7 the spo!'lsorine errancy to consider vhother .

the experienced people could be re!)ortin~ aaucera aa a pos$1ble
result or 80:8 sort or ~othe~ical P~/Cholorical var af ne:ves, '
vh:ch rd.~ht 1ncl~essoQ8 p}Vaical stcgecra!t (balloons, artU'iciol
~teors, and other equip12tnt or a nominal research pgrpo!'e) and
some mass bysteria 11 ttenentors, ' including planted talee reports,
(Juda.~goot techniques)vith certsin respected ~ilots, etc., making
reports which would lead o~er pilots to accdpt the pre!!d.se that
saucers are real?

Did the panel indeed reeoMnd ~ expecsi"f'e instnuzentetion or

tracking proeram to pl"'V'& that saucars don't exist (or do enst)
on a scientiric basis?

could

I woul:l h~e that mo~t of these questionsAc:c be ansered vith a

rw brief wordl!ll, as I do uot vi&h to take up your t1ae. I vUl
be hep-p7 even 1r :you ct~~n only gi:re ma 1 partial repl.71 since uv
chief purpose 1 s to verifY. independently, Hr. Bup-.1t' s
recollectif!ns.

Should rou hea:- aeythin~ as a rosult or havin:: aent c:v ecrller

.
letter t., '.Va sh' n;rton ('1) , I v~~tl..I be ClOst gla1 to knw it anything
is beine done to clc=r ur- the .w t t~-,r. !{scm~ '.le, I hope thnt ;you
vill .find it pos!'l1.0le end convenient to help me vith cnS'.1ers tQ

some or the

questi~ns abo~e.

Sincerely yours,

~~~

Leon !klvidson

"

II.

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64:Prospect St.

ihite Pla1Ds1 H.Y.

r.._...:;.:h:

Mq 16, 1958

z. s. ~.m;: R

cutive Otticer
.
Cctral. Intelligence AsDCT
llashillgt:m 251 D.C.
.

Dearie:

PDl'suant to 7011r letter to ms or AprU 4, 19S8~ the enclosed

etatement dated JeDUB17l,, 1953, ws sent to me b7 Yjor L. 3. Tacker
ot the .Air Force otfice ot hbllc Information em April 9, 1958.
It is a condeased versicm of a two page docmnRt kncnm as the
Wte pep&:rrozr UFOts, lll"itten b7 the sam& panel or scientist&.:.
which signed the enclosura. This panel was convene4 ou J'an.l21
1953, by' the C.I.A., I undentend, to stuq whether f'l1'1ng saucer
reports indicated ''V' menace to the trnited States.

!he "white paper" referred to above vas an unclasaU1ed atatement originalJ.,- desig:ud to be released to the press, but untU DOll
tbis doc~t has not been made public. These facts have been
stated to ms by!~. Eduard J. lbppelt, toner head ot the Air Force
Project :Blue Book. I vould appreciate it verr Jlltlch i t 701.1 could
cbeck ilhe~be:- this unclass11'1ed 1'wll1te paper"is extant 1D 70ur tiles~
and let 13 kuo-.r how I miGht arrange to obtain a. cop7 tm: publl.c clistribu~on.

. '

....

!o assist 7011 in 1de:rti.f)ing the document in questicm, I quote

its .first. paragraph below,
as reported to me by' Mr. Ituppelt;
.
11Ye as a group do not believe that it is impossible tor some
other celestial b~ to be ~nhabited br intelllgent C%'194tures.
lior is 1 t i!:Ipossible that these creatures could have reached
such a state or d9velopzcent that they- could visit the ~..h
However, there is nothing 1D all or the so-called 1fiyi.Dg

eaucern renorts
that ve have read that would .indicate.itbat
.
.
this is telc1ng place.n

--

You vill observe that tba release anelo$e4 herwith is raot the
desired 1\lhite paper", siDca it does not conta1D the above paragraph

.. .

Please let me knov vhat arrangements 70u may be able to wtke .to
make the desired document anUable to me tor public distribution

enca Panel Report dated

Jan. 17, 195.3

.....
.

..

. EPORT CR

SCIEN'lD'IC PANEL
ON

UNIDENTIF-IF"':D FI:!ING CBJEC'lS

. 1. The undersigcea Panel ot Scientific COZ1&ultants baa met at

the request of tbe Goverment to evaluate any possible threat to
~ticmal aecurity posed 'by Un1eent1t1ecl F.J.y1Dg ObJects (''Flying
Saucers'')., and to ake rec()ICJ!e.ndation. !he Panel baa received. the
widenee as presented by cognizant Governmental asenc1ea., pr1C!Bril$
the United States Air Force, ancl baa reviewed a aelecticm crf the
best doc1:1:1entecl inciclcnts.

..

2. As a result ot its considerations, the Pa11e1 concludes:

'

~t

the evidence presented em Unidentified Fl)'ma

Objccta shows no indication that these phencmene constitute.
a direct ~ysical threat tc nat1ocal security

.
.
We fi.r:zly believe that thee 1s no residuum ct cases vhich 1nd1cates
ilhei:Otlem llhich are attrU!utable to fore !.gn arti:tacts capable of
bo~t.~! ~c~~,_ _IU'ld . that there 1s no evidence that the pbenP1!3ena

, indi~te a Jleed :f.-or ~r""'reris1C7%1~~-cur:re:at-,c1entific cencepts: '

3. In the li&ht of

this conclus1cm1 the Panel recommends:

That the national sec:urity agencies take fmmecUate steps

to stip the Unidentified Flying Objects or the special . status
the;, have been aiven eild the aura of c;yateey they bave

"''tc=t-ately acquire:!.

Ve susges-;. tte.t this am r:sy be achieved by an integrated proatam'

clesigned to re:lssure the pt:blic ct the total lacl: of evidence at
inimical !:rces behind the phencmem.

/a/

Associated

LlOYd

v.

B~kner

Universities~

Inc

/a/ 1!.P. ~coertson, Che..irzJ!.en

Cali:torna Institute of' Technology /s/

.
s. A. G0'11dsmit
_
Brookhaven liaticnal Laboratories

L~is ~. Alvere~
University or Cal11'ornia

/s/

/al

Thornton

Page
John Hopkins University

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S. Prospect street

llbite PJa1ns 1 :ll. Y.

){q

JB 1 1958

Dr. !l!homtcm Page

O,perations P.esearc:h otfice
Chevy Che se I Maryland

..

i!laoauc:e lll)'Self'1 'I am a associate

of' tbe Qperat1oas

Bese&reh Society of America (by dint of a period ot service a fev ~an
aso 11ith a Yash:Snotoc. agcey). In liglrt of the enc:1osure l:lerevith, I .
teke. it th:t you are the man refened to by E. J. Ruppelt 1u his book .
"'l'be Report a:1 tmidentified ~ Objem" (Doubleday, Garden City, JJ.Y.,

1956) on p; 776, u:

"au utro:lc:er wose unpciblisbed n.~ to get tM UFO recogaized

is :re~c:ted tl:lroughoat sc:ientitic circl.es."
Ncme of the ot~r men, acc~1ng to ".Az:ericsm Men. of Science", is cl&trsed
aa an astron.c::1er . (You aJ so, or course, are the man whc:!1 Ruppelt refers
to. a Ii.ttle later.aa,.one "Wo bad pioneered. operat:f.cms, :research dnr:fng.
Vorld Va: II". ) .
.
.

J'-.1 reascm for

vriting to you is to seek an-r cla.r1fice.tion llbic:h you

can supp~ in the matter o~ tbe uniqueness of the encl.osed ":Report or the
Scientific: ?a:lel em U;nidentUied Flying Objects" 1 to vbich you are one of

the signataries.

. Do l cc= persoMl notes or recollections indicate tbat the Panel.

signed o'I'!.,Y 'h.. o:te re11crt, a.s enclosed, or did yen perhaps also sign a
some'Wbat le~-h"er tw-pa.ge re:pcnt or statement 'Which began vith the
p.rapaph ~::.oted next belovt

"Ve as a group do not believe tbat it is impossible tor scia.e

,oth!!r cele~tial body to be inhabited by illteJHgent creattn"ea.
Nor :!.s it impossible tl::.e.t these creatures could h!.ve reached
such a state of developnent tbat they could visit the earth.
EO\i""'!Wr, tbere is notb1ng in al] or tbe so-ca]Jed "~
se.uce:" :eports that lo'e have read that wou.ld indicate tbat
tlds is teldns :place;" (Ruppelt1 !'1. cit., p. 291.)

. Since the e.bove p!r2.gtaph does not appear in the encl.osed report 1
there is the ~oss1b1l1 ty that a . distinct seeond report is involved, or
tbat the enclosure is a condensation of a anmevb&t l.eugtbier report vbic:h
tbe co: :. :1ttee sigued.

It 1s a matter ot. acme coneem to me to establish wbetber an;r

addition.._, !:3.terlal ws 'Written and subscribed to by tbe Panel,

vhic:h does not appear verbatim 1n tbe enclosure. I would be glad
to give yo-.1 :::y detailed reasons tor concern, if you sho-..U.d \lish. I

look forw.rd to hearing !rOCl :you

Sincerely yours,

Leon Davidsen

.,

___________
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'

AssociATED UNIVERSITIEs.
Svtrz 17:SO. CoLzux Tows
10 COl.oKvs C1cu
Nzw YOP..x 1e. Nzw Yoa

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,
C-c UNIVASSOC:

19 ll.ay 1958

133 ..

"'

Colonel Phillip G. Strong

\1424 33rd Stre"t, NVI
'
ashington 7, D.C.

Oeari9J

I am being bombarded with a seri~s of letters from this chap

Davidson concerning the recent rel~ase on o~r 1953 studies of
the- r.eality of flying saucers.. I have- made a brief check on
Davidson, and he appears to be a reasonably sound person- who
is trying to put the matter of flying saucers in proper perspective, but of course with a personal profit motive in doing
so.

I hesitate to answer his questions without consultation with _

you, since my reply could easily violate the security with which
the panel was set up and might further expose the other members
of the par.el to the bcmbardwent that I arn now receiving.

It is al\vays difficult to . co~pletely ignore such requests Since

they may open the panel to other attacks. Cn the other hand.
I ~m not sufficiently briefed concerning the status of the
classification of many of the ideas on which inquiry was made
to safely oake a reply. .
.

Could I suggest, therefore, that you or one of your assistants

might feel f~ee to make a rough draft of a reply that it would
be safe for me to make to Davidson in view of the security
situation.

Thanks for your advice in this matter.

Sincerely,

Signed in

f-~r

With warm regards,

~~""'"'-

v.

T !'Lt.

Berkner
President
L.

Berkner 1 s absence

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c!e:l=~11'1~ 'lc:r eel:.i'it7 r~rsonA~. ~ '!'~ Bet-art f. a ncrt
m 'o~l.-. to ~he Ce'!'al ~He 'ff:r cU~!.r.l.~ic:r:> ~ S"CllZC#1PCt1<* .

...

'

'="'".e Fc."'t:al ~t foe:s no~ co:1taic the tollc.rt ~ ~!fie

rc,.-:~....,J~!.o-~ ~.::1:>~lC'i ill l'.cif::.!~ Im,P.Pel.-t'a book, "lht n~
0~ 4:1..i"e:t1!'i~ l'lyf~ ~bjcc:t=.
.

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JH 2'~ ";r,a la&tlj, ~'1c:7 :mid t"a~ the J.c~-it:0%3 publlc ~

rc~led ~ ~!z~ t~6j ~o~, ~

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P. ~ "':!!bit p:osccl. c!_:la~ r~au:euc! 1;hQt. tbe ncttvitiee Gr.

1\i\,;e .5-"C!: be cut 'b~~k~ a:ld t~ey didn't ~comor:4
that it b~ ~~ ~.._>t:d. 'rtey :re~orneD:J41 tbat it be
ta:I'R.r-A.ed. tioa e....~fl.G1<m tlk.wy rcea:=ec:.co:l aul4
r~ o ~r.-...:.iJ.~r:~~ GUS ot ;:r.m~ ~a ilm:3t1p;.t.1..-e r~"""Ce ot :...ro.;c:et :ewe l5ook uhmJ.lU be czr;:"4-

~ ~olll f:7i".JJ dU111 cr e~..XY FttDC o~ 'the ~~0 1t.Y(!r~. 1c.n-~~ de~1il.s ot t.htl ci&-~s. that C:tic!al. CO:::l

cJ n~1c:c,

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the co.,- h:.~o~ Vfte

rl!ld~.

'Z:b1& vould

a .!o:.;.!:>!.o p-~seJ 1t "auld. Ci~_pel tll(f c: ttf: 1ey~cr.r

't'n't i:::;.:.r!cy br('(-.i~ ard it \o"'Ulc.i l:ecy the ..'.ir FQ'ee on the
bQll-~l '!r;>:l L"lvcz;~i~~ona ~ ~....t~ WUl4 ~ ~cur.

or

Jt~~~U" 1Jt.e d..~teo

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that ecbCra

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~~1...A.;1:-..,r: 0..::-o:r~ 't.!.o~ p:-.;;.~~ U!-.c!"l'1~1a~ tw-I.PO:C~,

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and

or th l--e..-_,1 ~crr.l..l.Y

ee-"'....:l~:~'!.:-! i:.'~.:rt !r~ v1~ or t.h.e cctt .~,~'t~ l.nel: c~ rru~"'c:;t'!cntt:d ev!dcn;:~ nn
-=~"-"~a.}!:!t!t!~ .. ,.'! -:.-.;:.iri.t:::..: :=-~;rc cx::.1.~~ to (ct~!"": t.l'l4 c:i~e 1 ~e
1!1i;erp 1r;;i::.--:; r:_y.-c N ! ::;. 10ttu 1'!~1rc~. C:r_;lt.-.,1c ~lt. 4ln ll..."'l 1r.terv1~..~r

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or

~~;i -.:r.-.t ~ t~~ ~o:":' '--1 i n.-.e t n~ t eett1:-.s :~L."l c:.;.w:c:tte

"J~~~t.!.:".:-& ~ t.1:e ~d ~~r:J, \.'M~ they belie-Ted were
u:~t-=-..,.-i:..~~ l 't::r ir--;ln:;!Q:l 1.D .the F~l Ii~

th~ ve.r:lc-~ ~...l.D&a wh1 ch lccl. to tbo

Po:......~l .ae.rxo::::to
t~c hl:~l c1o i:'.clurlfl c::cv--tentll cr;d. ~~e=t1or~u
1,'''7~!~,.~~ r-u~c- ~i ~~ 1-~21. i'bi.D 1= un U..":o0fflc1nl c~Uicd

cr

L"11"; 1 y;~~;~ li'~

c:--14il"t1u.; rcr e:rt~

"tbct i':.t::JC e.t'to;:ot.. Cu;.-;+' tZJ ~\;.;cit

tcx- t!le p:::.;o:.o.c

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~;;.~t1.Il~G, tcegA. 'Vt.idl ~"'Ul.J. ~

lAlA i..iOt. o. t1CJ:lh~ .0: tba Pav'

lif-1<!.:.t.-t1 tic~ F~14t ~DJC:~-:u co:;:vc:-.cd ~W .J~"-:AJ7 ~53

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-:'h1r; 14 to ac~vl~o ~ l~ter ot Z1 J.,!lrU 1953 ct,reeaed

'to ~~3 o!f1ee l."itb c~-r1~G to ~. C~etQ')' ~-t. tle ~.lr !'orca !lcl
th~ Cf:.i..~ l':..tell1.;~~a .lf.4!r-.ey cor..cu:.rU:<a t.bc ~1<->hmbl.o ~=noey
~~ 't!'.n c .....!llc~e 'tr;r, ; ~l ?ia:~..::rt ot tbc ,;c1~c .:~vic:cz.t 'P:at;('l CA

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or t-..~l'\~ :rcnr p:!r!.oa, tbe 1~ Force CO.I:lt.c.:.c? +best '~ii"....n. ~ evi!mce
C: ~~= D!OlUn.:;s ~ bce:1 erarted t.iao'UQb, 1;be scJ.c!1"t1f1: c:i1tl!r1.a
l.t h,.:s J.c-.1 to t.'ie co~~-.:si~ i.het. th. o!>jc:cu ~e:re not. D;:c:a ~~
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Z1 Ltay 1958

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Ro!el"euce 0\U" letter

you. 4ate4

make t.b followi,:)g worcl eh&n1=

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).fay 1958. plaaae

Pa.ragra~
lin 5s The wGrd intenoiewer
~b~god lo read i.::lta::""9lew~d (witneaa)

abould

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he cbacg.ad to :-ea.c! .si.itecl~ .

TbJOk you..
the letter.

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$Orry I miaad

~se

5hwl4

....,-be.u I

al~ne::l

Sin~erely.,

~0

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LAWRENCE l. T.ACt~~n
Major., USAF
.
Exec~tin Cficer

Public I!:lorma.Uon Dlvldoa

OUlce ot .Inforr::at.l.:m Services

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!.~ajar ~yrDe, -~FCL~,

cc:

lUn <4A 940

nlii~;;.:~jor l,ola.nd. SAFl.L. nm SD 9!8
; General !.>tron'!~ ClA
C:::: eo::go l . Ca!y.]G~~'!'~l CO<a~e1 t!..-e:!~h~t!.--)

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Mr. Leon Davids=

6-l Propect ~treet
Wll1te PlaiA:~., N.Y

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SUBJ!CT:

Meeti~~ wit~~~ Chapi~ ltepl.ying ~Leon Davldscm's

UFO Letter,
d S\msequent Telephone conversation
vith l~jor Tac:ker

.
.
l.. I met vith !~rrF. 1~. Cha:sd.rii).~iataDt to "tbe Dei, :1D
bia ort1ce on ~ J.'ay 19'5Jf!ar the !JUZ"PPSe ot diseussing act!~
to 'be taken in ~pl)'ing to two letters 'f'raft t:.r. Leon DavidstwD

One dated 27 AprU 1958 addressed to the OOI

a.

b . Another d.ated a'bout 15 J.;.y 1958 M.dressed to f.!r.~.

Eeuanfl~~ Of~icer- to ~e ~. .
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s.

Copies ~ both tbef:tters~Di h1a reply to tbem, v<..ll be

forwarded to v.e by :~. Cl".api~.,.s" soon as. his reply is draf'tea

2.

~ Cbspj.~g!eed to dratt t-}-e ~ply n ted above largely

1n the manner employed 1aeviously by~. Eanna ,hen h~ DBde his

14 A:r;ril 195S rel)ly to !\arids~n. The re:clv
~rely acknowledge
receipt of Dalidson 1 s let'tl!ra and v1ll 1nfohit him again tbat the

Jr.atte::- is cne of Air Foree concern and that his queries have 'teen
re~erred thereto tor re~y.
. .
.
3. Fellorlcg the ceeting v:J.~W, Cbap1~\lr-t;l~bonec\ Jl-ajCir
L. 3. Tr.r::ker, Ua~, f'inally contl!'ct ng him on'23 J.~y 19;8. He
steted that he b8J.\ alr~atiy re~l:!ed to Davidson's 27 A!'rlll-:tter
('!'Brag!'apb 1. a. above) "ror beth th~ Air Foree& ~'\ the DCI, a.-rd
th"t 1nfor;:l1!t:ion eo~iesj'.ad been disretehed to CIA. I :lnfotlued
him th!!n th!l'(fu:. Ch!.~i~lr.ad
a aec d letter tram navidson
(paregl'aph l. a. ~bove ) 1 and
Ch!!lp1n

had replled br1eny to both (;Per pa.rail'a.Ph 2 above ) 1

a.

and

b. vould torvard eopies ot botb incOI'ling and o~ing

co""'r-rf's:ponden:e to J.~tjor Tacker tar further action.
4~

Car,p
been able to eo!'l~'!e't
A1miral BUlenkoetter &a noted 1 Hr.' xcr.,:J.i6 t-y 1958 vemorond.t11ft
r~r record. I did not kncr,, but s ted I v~d look into the matt<e'r'. ,

l-~jor ~a.c~:~r asked 1

2 .. A.cm

~~toR= ae

L. 'l'ee.._.,_

Deputy Division nief1 Ap~.ied Science Divisior

Se1ent1ric Intelligenee

~1& .. DAD/C/t;I

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CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLqGY

..

PASADENA

Y.q 22, 1958

Mr. IRon ~ov4...dPOD

64 Prospect Street
Wblto Ph!.:~, !iw Iork

It baa beeu 'Z:t:f lot tor

yn.n paat t.o

adric. br onG! o-r a.r..o'thor or: tbe execut.ive de~eDts,
rar as ~asi'bl., ro:::pondod. to t.hope rlttluests on vnich l
be of e.~sis'b.."1CIG lt -1D tbua.I beCA.'Uct involYecl b the

be =llec! b f'c#
~am! I hsve t10
t.houeht I could
po.nel on liFO.

801I!tl

~ ccUrltitt 1n tb!c rnpect. reliltrd 1D. e . eal=t1= or .

tho th.ree.t, vbich V'lD ::uie ~ Guly r~~rt.o:1 to thet requuti.."S authorit7
With th~t. 'l:f1' nct1va con~~rn vith the problem ._,ndedJ our J"esultu Dlld
action:~ CO~OftUPnt the:-eoto (lr.clud~~ d13olomu-e) b== and, so tar as
I m: cor.corr.cd, t"e"'.Ai: the con~!':l or thar.t. aut.horit7

tcu l!!Uat tbers!ora e~eu.att ms flo03 mt;erlng !r.~ a discus~ion ci the qu!r:.tions l"'U b:1r.g up in ,.0\U" letter or Jo'.ay JS

S1ncarelT ~

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~ cce':JOl1ert. ~ t.! tar 'ted s~
t'!
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\dl.t~ Y\J'.l b..~ c:{i?rea~ 1:~ n<nce ~"'C'.UO
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1- .A:usiatmrt to tbe ntrecto
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F.ec:(:tJ"' b:rt!l IJD3d nor~ r:aa Dab

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beeft ~~ lrJ a tr.r. lec:u Davi5 'IS Vitb c;1c-: tJ Ci ' ' rcl attw
to too'r ~"'tivit.~tta a:1 :-:-..1 t~,., re~ll"=a crt t! pnnel.
W'.!c:h ca!v'!:3C4 i!l ~~:.,~17-t...OO Ee:'~ 1n lS?3 1tt m;tic=1r:ut1CD
tl'at :,.,..1 l:d~ soc:s be b:ntP~lod ~~ I a w ,el.=c'ns

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co........::.;,xmcJsOca bet1 :01 F.obtt"t.IICW\.

m>1 r~:c:!d ct:ero,y th::t :,'01 e:o;ll01 +be

a~ ,i;.3vi~o,

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Urectl3' t!ith :.:.ilid?en, c+r xer_~ t::c:J bc:!!l rn:1::17 aoa o~
cc1 nT..:lc~ r.:eci:;;t Mil &!vlsi~ bf=a tl'.At b1s ~.:ctt tcs ba4
bee:1 tori::~ to tr-,., ~tor~~ .1't)r Qpro,prleta actia:a.

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1. w~..:~:o to n:toi!U:Jc u
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J.~ 1958)
D!atn. utiO::
Orl~. - Ad.drosnee
1 - J\sst:Jtmt to t'!le D!rec:to
l. - Oi'f'ice ot Sec:urit7
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lD thcoe cri'C'S dlSl e w lr-n

a,.ect,J 'Uit!l Pc-l!c-...,,

~ ~cqp1 rr:d

to c:onelJ('f'4

u-=e,,. one

M:J bcm
or
ecl~T.crit.?~'! ~LJ:It &'"'A ~.r1;i ..4: bt:a t.'ifct. b".s ~1-iea 1=4
'biel1 1'Qr..; c'd::c\ to 'be A!z Fotco i:o: ~~ta cct ~.ca

.P.-~e::1t1 7 1:atb UC)1!. tce~.mt em ~'b J::DM<tc=

bca1 ~:1~ li"J a l~. l.roa :.bv~ Vlth q::et:lMS rel:t1
'to' ~tr ec:'t1v!ttar on P1:d t~ ~ts o~ t!le UH). ;?mel..
,.i'.,lo cn:J.WV':l. 1:1 tf~W"th:f ~....~ m ..1.!f 1:11953 I!l :cc::~;o-~:!.ciJ~~
t.r..t -:t-oll 21-c'::t soaa bt b:J:1ilorJecl t:i=::n:er~-, I a ~!nn:l=s
eozl"!C:S of on e::tr.'~C!3 ot c~!"l'Ul:.OGOI!~"'=e bet.tR.C:' ~
cd. ~r4:u--.:1~ e=:d r.:.::c::2eed nt~ 'f:.il!:tt ~ ~ tJ..
~ ~r ol !b~'a lc~tn atx:a,,cl tile occcsJc:a arlse

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to. t::~let~ ~ ~~ = =.
tbs
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t=:t"d and r.='J' tlrt'"~ IMW cx:em :0.\. f!JJt at the

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Dr. I.J.o-.,)''11 v.

Chepin)

Aasi.Jlte-:t to the m:-e:t=i.l

a;~tro$:m~29l:.V.1SJ58)
D1Dtribut1o:1:

one.- ~e

. .

ke:Pt. t.'ut ~ to una

mat 1-tQOl t:li!t or t:l"8

C!1 a:~~ co..... es.:,.~x:-ca bQ~~:n h1:a-:""'.4 Ill~ ~ix't::-..oon. I . ,

.
CW:""l~~ e eo~1 o~ t.'"'o t;o ~cttc..vs tile:f e::c'WL_,'ed W4 1"(X"": '=~ 11~

1s

t:m :,~ e;\&.07 .+b"

CJ"';f'::-al.

tc:mor 0: ZOb1G le~ 1Zl ~ %1CP'1' to cari.eJ%1"

v!'it'~ tbB at:hc!' t.'"t!at ~.el

, Al."V~~
1m! !-::.r,JJ, :o~ DC-"}dnz ~~ co-gt cs ct t:".c f.c!)c:t:".m/i:k:.~dD:::Dl act*~
~rttJ iD ~-l"l-: c"b:r-e in r.:Uc::!.r.a'!tn ot t.'vrl:r ~ ln,;bv].!Qd b1' ~:t, Qi

Xes nloo

cs

t:P--e bcctt

f'.""Cnt e.tectc4 let~ tbe

p:;:icl ~.,.._. ~~ .t'rwi~ v1ll ~ ::::ua' )J',.
nc .1D te'd~ ~rr ~

all ~ t.Z:w P-C>l ettu:rt.

!-~'

,_:i !r:b

or

;~~l~'~:a

~lid

'

lzl1-.'W e"":DeS \t::t=-o w bail& 'bc<m rcqui!ct to c:cawpca <n"re"Ctq

'Sd.th r,:s.,1.c)s--::, CiC" .:e;.1 y ~ 1x:c:!l r:c:'C!l3 cat or ecloi;;s..tl~t:s nce1~
~ tl(.o.~~l~ "~., ttst bie cpr%es bod
-:o tbe A':' E~

{'cr ~;:"O;:a:ie:te ac:r.tm.

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'

THE .JOHNl HCPKINS UNIVERSITY

'

OPERATIONS RESEARCH OF"f"ICE

6935 AltL.INIITCN RDAO

8ETHES0Ao JoiiAIIYL.AHO

WAaHINGJON 14, D.

0ND41'UID UMDCD CIIM'I'ItAc:t'

. .I'I'M 'fMC
0~.-nt!PW

IV

~C

2 .ltme

......T

c,

1958

GLIYCit 4-4ZQQ

Ta. . . . . . .

Mr; z.e= rav1dscm

64 Pros::.'c:t Stnet

'

llh1te Pla1 us 1 Nev York

Deer Mr. Davidscm:

-...
l?t re:r~rence .to. :JO"ar letter. of ;$ lof!lY1 .I~ pot able ~
ansl.""er ,Ollr specific question about our Panel. report of 17 Jan
1953 11 partly because I d.o not nov remember tbe detailed liOl'd.1.D&
(Wic:h wnt through seve..""'!!.l drafts) and also because it wuld
be i!:..PXO!'er tor me to reveal more than bas been ot1'1ciaJly rehesed.. I:r it is of s::::y value, 71IY present op1:r'on && an individual is certainly in a.c:cOl-4 with the paragraph )'OU quote ficml
ltlp,iielt.

'

'

..

. . . .

Altho~

I am the o:tJy astronomer or tbe five vbose nemes

ap;pe2..-eC. C:l tbe report1 I do not fit the 1'1rst description b7
lblppelt 1 a.s I ba.ve neve:- fought to set the UFO recogc1zed. or
c:ours~ 1 ~Pl!".f otbers ..-e:-e involved ill tbe eolJeet1on ftlld analysis
ot t~ e'l'1dence; coulC!l't Y0\1 get Ruppelt to name the man he

bad 1n 1:.-(:ld?

I ;.'"Ot:l.d be interested to learn 1lb",,' tbis matter is or suCh .

c:oncer:J. to you; I am ot tbe opinion tbat the issue 1a a st:ta1ght1'~"L-:l cme -~ etJd settled.

'fl._~
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t.~e

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t.~ aec:~n.ey

Jd r F-1:.-ca

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Cervl-ce

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\lt.anlJ:lgtcm 2'.) J D.

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betv=en :pu anal !l.r.

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rec=" tele~n.e 41ac:ua~a1=

I.e..~ L. ~~'j~ot tbla Ottlce~

ez~e~J.ng t!Je lette: WI Jec~lved flw Mr. %.ecm Ibvidac.u

.
. '"'. .

b1.~ q\Je17 ~ bee.~ totv.u-de4 to the A1.z' Force t"o.r np.l.Je

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OSI:ASDT~:&].(m;}}3
June 1958
D!atribut:l'On:

Ortc. ~ l. - kidrea:.ee v/encJ.. _., ,

l. - DflD/C/SI .
l. - OJSI (OS)
l - Mr. P. Cb:i.Pi~
2- ~DjSI . ~

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64 Pri')S:"Jf!c:t Stre"!t

::cw

Yo~k

~--

kc:a !)3vldaoa

~!Ute r1::1ins

.10 J&me 1958

'

Denr :Jr. Dav.i4son:

.
..
T"7J:tve e~~I~tcly lost interest- !a the' flyJ..:w s~cer ba:~!.~s::.
\:tuc:!t : c on:iiuer dull en~ silly. I = aorr:y "t!tcrefore t!ll\t l c l!!lt.

civ~ 7~..1 ~. ,y
. ~d-:Jiti\l'!l:U lnfo.:::r.:otti a.1.
corrcsr>!J:l.-1ence o:1 t!sis =ub~ct.

I hav~ kept uo d~unr.nts o~

I tlo not J'Oss~.ss ~~ h~ve not n:ru::l n. J. n,J%':-elt s boo!:. l'oxb:l,"S

!! you l'li!l l~t r..e kl'lO"-rJ W:;l' you Arc .intc~!lt~ti in this p~~lCil., I nay
be nl>l~ to ::tvc. you P. lt:~..! u to ha.-: to cct t~.c drtta you u~:nt.'

..

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'

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY

..

ASSOCIATED UNIVERSITIES. INC

UPTON, L.l.. N.Y.

DEPARTMENT f)F

~HYSICS

..

June

10

.. .

1958

Philip G. St ronr
~ Thirty-third St. ..,.,;.-r-vhingto:s, D.c.

..

Phil:

He~ is a. con of my correspondence with Leon D:~.vidsou

I don t l::noA the man personallY. but this is the inF'omation Y

h2ve about hiA

He is a cher..ical en~ineer "''ho, during tbe war, wrkecl at the

"
SA~ Isotope Sep2ration l~~oratories at ~olu=bia
University. He
also ~2s &t Los AlaMOS L~ Oak Ridge end $pent tbe sucner of 1947
at Broo!th!.ven. He is ocr.\ witlt the fia, Nuclear Development
Assoeittes, Jnc. ~hite ?l~ins, New York. You can find out all
1
about bin in the A":leriez.n t-!en of Science~

clearnnces throuzhout his career. He is

..sO.tte\~llat eece!:tric aml very persistent, accnrc.tiJ1!: to those. ~o
knO\'l hin.
I hope "Y letter will get out ot him wat his motive
is for g~ttins interested in this business.

.
h~s

He

had

v~rious

Best

rega.r~.

tours,

.
SAG:po~

Encls:

-._. _
. s.

A. Goucbmit

Dzvidson's letter to Coudsdt

Gouds~it's letter to Davids~

..

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..,......

--------------------------------------------------------------~~',

..

'

..

-. "

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,.

aedim proJlaganda releese" ope:ration, directed presumably llY the CIA

through so::ae obscure branch, tbese stories. ~l~d to build up the
picture, 1n the public m1ndJ or the flying saucer- phenomenon

Sane of the cases

ill l)()int I knov of specit'icel J y; others I adduce
.
Yitbout proof. For instznce, there wre tests of a nev airplane
1'lare 1"or night pbotogxapby near llindsor Locks, Corm., vbic:h it "'."&S
later adnitted bad e&used acme "aauc:er reports"; at the time of the
tests hcn:ever, tbey vere seeret 1 and the Air Force vaa stubboml..y
insisti:lg tbat no u.s. research activity _lo"2.S causing t.be reports.
I.1kevise 1 tests of afterburners near Wright-Patterson AFB in 1.9~
wre secret at tbe t1me 1 and. me.ny saucer reports lo~re made, scme c!
vhicll ~re not solved even in the secret Project GRUDGE report ~f

August

1949.

'

green fire'baU" of Sept ~ 12, 1952, seen ewer Paltimo:te 1 .

llasb"ngtcm, Vil'gin1& 1 West Virginia, and points south, is 2!l eX!!.:%ple

or the type o! upper auospberlc classified research activity which.~

vhen coorei~~ted at the h!;best CIA ~d Operations Coordination Board
levels, can ~rociuce a ree.l "s~rbt::-;an" result and lead to definite
. "proc:r" of flyi:lg saucer ;=ile:l~ena . vhi cb obviously" con) d not be
.
ear..h-born. T'!le :ce~pap~r accotOts., on the front }ages r;,t the l rle.shingtan
_ ~ ~ast~ t~ -- ~s:~~~!~d,~_!-;e__ty~p.4-~g- Stu., the,..Daily:..News, state that

- -- _t.he' aDject
objects" \t''!=e tl:!t! brightest meteors ever seen in the
e.ree.1 an~ .e1 1 ld.Dd.s of reports are quoted from eyev.1:tnesses vhich
sbov tl:::a:t the "tbing" vas :ot e. true natural meteor or fireball.
Prestm,bly the sa~ ~ type c~ local stories appeared in the Ealt~more
papers, e::d. other papers eJ oug the "track" of the object

or

art~

since the klericc !l..eteor Society at Flo'"~r Observatory

(I lo"rlte '!:-:J:: ~emory here) had rec:ehed only tva reports o~ th;J s
su_;;e:-leti~ !i!"!ba.U sc:e E.ays later~ amd did not even bother to
plot a tra=k C.."'ld go fireba 1 1 bt.L"lting, I co-.Ud not believe that this
vas a re!!.l ::st-..:nl. meteor. And tbe fact tbat the .site o~ tbe "Jend1ng"
ot the object (or sene o'! the objects, for many repmsts indicated a
mt:lti:pllcity or firebe.l J s a.t approximately the same time) in FlAt
Voods, l:. Va., nee- Sl.ltton, lsi. va . ., vas tbe scene or a high1y publicized
e.nd vell do:i:e:cted "saucer 1e.nd1ng story, 11 involving a "space msn"
or ":aoste:" (or bit or stagecraft), at essentiallT the same minute
ot ttrr:e &S tl:.e Yasbingtal and Paltimore fireballs ~t evening, ..... ,.
this is j'C.S't one J:Jore bit or evidence, to me, tb!S.t aa:e group like
the CIA is sitting in th~ bac.g:ronnd pull:.i~g the strinss

'

!L'he illd.ividual scientists, technicians, and mUita.":"Y persoimel

vho mgbt ll!.-..e been engaged in vhat they considered a regular research
. . launclrlng of arti!icial z:eteers, at a coordinated tile, at stations
2.long t~ "-:~~k," !:!.j r.o-t 1'-~ve kno'\or-n ar.y more t~~:: t~.st s .. _e bit or
tecbnical imom.tian 1.-a.s required. The small field group v.itb th

.
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, ,. , snrt ; scw?'wi:Jt..,; s

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'

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64 Prc~act st.

\ihite

Plai~,

ll.T

JuJJ ,, 195S

'

Dulle:~

c~t:U I:lt3lllr,-..:t=e
Vaabj-~ou 25, n.c~

f.

J:en_7

Ibn b.ee.1 Wor....ed 't7 latter ot J.:q 26, 19~~ traa Mr .

l.!. t.."'r-~~, yc:z LX3~~ti"'18 O!"!iel)l'"' t!:.nt th~ ~~...:...o:t ot tbo

U:r FQ...-:e 15 t::.:.. cc::;:::.:::1.t o: tha Ucitad ~totes ~vant=:Gnt havbl

~ti= l"D!pQl:S:.t!lit;r 1i:. callneotion v1tll ~ A:.cers.

1'ba. s:bje:~ ~tter ot this lEtter ia ~ th4~, I ~S?c~

auggen, it c:L"l. crl: ~ - ~"'l::~ercd ty rc:'~ Q.-:1 age:rJ7, and l:Ot 1:17

(ho::l t=:z~ the ~b_re:t is f'l.,~rg 2!1t;;e.....,.

t.b~re.!ore, ~a.!" vi t!l m a."'1 a~ ~~~.k4ZO )'OU em ssko eo~
ea:-4 z:s a:2 n:1~1e1" trott -tbt

Please~

the A1r Foro-a,

cu..

'

e.ttort to

}J~ qtl~S~idl

1!1 B1t:"""le, a:"'4 it t~O r,r:;w~ 18 h.e:t~ Jl3~t1w.

th~. a.!=! ""S'le e~ 1%:1~~ ":':e~ c.stee;or:l.esl dc.ni~ oC'Cld bs rsaDa1:\l7
~~~~. 'U 't!!ll cc-~r 1!3 (o~ ehould be) n!tizao::at1..,, t.ben I 1:-sg~
~.c'\t.
\s~J c~sita~ ~0 ptlt ~c~ - c an~'Ol""W't in v!itin!, 0!" to
ban ~-:!1 Ct"'J~ cc::a tr~ c~ 0'\l.r'::ct tl:.at could be Uenillicd with

s:=

)' C!%X' ~-e:q"

~_.

''

'

q':s:ti= V'...i:ll I

C'l'r=it
.

to

)'"OCl
7

nwia u tollCMt

"!aa tl,e en, c:i.on3 cr 1:. 000pP.rat~Ol2 vitb othsr Age=iee, at ~

t~ -' ... .,9 J~.rJ.o-;r J.951, ned pctict:.lnl"J.:r in t.b3 C3l'1T Bit' Mr o! 1952,
~e:l c;a~ i:l r..:insr~, 1~?1-.....U.z, prcxtucir.-1!, p:.::::lg3ti::1g~ d1s:-oe1u~~!:..g,. ca>sas~~~, c:- o~c~rl.~cg th bil"'th ard/or ap...t.t.d ot a'tcriea
ralat~l"'g to th9 P-?PM~e CJr ~.:~,; "ae.~ere (or li?0 1 s) 1D th~ s.~,
cr 0:1 r:a.:ftz ~:1 e":s, o:- o~ l~~, ec~ a! vhlf!h ha:n as~ooiated. vit.h
th&:l., or- t-"7 r...!l";'a ~SO.:::ihted vith t.t~ pec~ora O"r OI\!11 1''""$erS

~o ~ to cn~u:~ otserrrG to balleve t.Mt" th07 cOlD ~:s ather

pleu~o tl'..!l Er-wtt.;"
. _
_ . .

'
.
I "~d ncr::::t<~ be hE'u1'te.nt abcut sclicg I'Qch a tocl-l:r~ q1:estlo~
to a pL-s:: i:l ~..!!'" ~s.! tion, 'blt I l:.ol1o,.-e t!lr..t I h.ne ery~ eireU.""!tt~r.t:..ru..
evido:ee to j.;~...i...~ :t. l ~st posir;g tb$ q"l~Gt104:1 to JOU 1l:o f'ac ~ 't!la1.
l"OU- ~nr....; b~a c l~ts.,.::te intnlt in oa.n)~lli ou' p~ho.l~g14u
\:r~~r. c=~ A~!n~ ,_.;:,,;.;,21) ~ ftU'i tho raci: t.":.nt ~b~te id 11":1 ~~ill~,
e.~ o.:a.-:,~~-t: ~ prl-:?.te, a~coun~g tor t.'ls lrx:x!:-~s or rdl!!.C'IAS c,t
d~!lan v!\!dl U.o C.U hu ~>?e:tlt, ~i e:s!!1c1Wlt to rlla-.i e:t leut ttc
poa.s1bll1t7 th."\\ t.h CU. vould be iJTIO\ved b rn:c.h ti.C1.1vit1ea

r~ tln'olll7,

t..'lo ploa:sii...'"'O or

D.

~:J 1'!~~:7,

ott
ct

1'!2 cc ....Jlnt~l.T
bot~. t.o l:lave
)"C'U gi_-., ~' t'~O CCl.!'tJOt O:":":"; ~~:rtic-r.
tl:~ VL!"'!:-t!: }~t.S
~i:'e.F..S't-e.Dtial
c:.vldc~:~ lo:::.ic..'l l-.J4":'., l~d CstJ to ~f.t~.d 'C'J. ~"liD lcJ~~eJ: I hop to have

I vo-:ld

rcpJ.7 directly

..

1 !' I

or

tr.:-:~ 7""~

c::e:::Jy.

...!c.:,rcly ,.c-J.....,,

"

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64 Prospect
~te

,July

Plains, N.Y.

6, 1958

Dr. ~ton Page

Operations Research Office
6935 Arl1ngtoo ~oad
!etbesda, Md.

St.~

Dear Dr. Pige:

I am son-y 'or this clelay in replying to )"'ur letter

Wich "\."a.S Decessi ta ted by !'am1ly matters.

or

June 2 1

enclosed T'oermorax copy of a letter_ o1.' May 20 ~rem Major

'Iacker of tbe Air Force 1 as you may observe 1 suppl 1 es the ens-wer to
t.'le question I had. origit:al Jy e.sked you, about the existence of more
thDn one "Report" or the Sciez:ti!'ic Panel vbicb met at the Pentagon
in Je:oua!J 1953 t.o evaluate the flying saucer t'tbreat.-" Tacker admits that there is still a class1tied report (Fomel Eeport) of

the h.nel~ and an unofficial. c:less.ified supple~te-nt" vbich a~parently

conte.1ns the izrl"ormation vhich Rlzpelt quotes in his book~
- =

or Tackerts

letter, be states tbat t~

classified ~o: :.ions of tbe h.ne:l' ~ reports e.nd supp1e1:1ent do not deal.
speci:f'ieaJJy "itb t'lying sauce.!"s, 'but vitb. other matters or intelligence
signi!icance illch affect the ~tional security
On pe.ge 2, Paragraph 2

Fro.: CO.l'2S'tiOil!ienc:e
vhlcll I be.ve ba.d vith Dr. M2nze1 or lla.rvard
College C~s!\u 'ator:;., and f'ro= other sources, I p.ther that the ''psycbologie&l \.'?.~are': a~;>lic:a.t:!.~ of flying saucer pbeno::e:1e -as o!
interest to tbe C!..,. I pres=:e the.t this -as one o! t.h~ reasc:lS to-:
ccmvening the ~el em vhich you served. .A..'lotber purpose or the Panel.
apparently '\r"aS to put on record the i'act (attested to by five eminent
and respected scientists) that tlying saucers were not, repe~t not,
1n.imicaJ 1 hostile, or a t.bre&t to the United States. With this conclusion safely on the record., the u.s. Government, 1D the ~rson ot
the u.s. Air Force., c:oul.d blithely proceed. to ignore t'lying saucer
stories, by;pe.ss or ::uC.d.le any serious investigation., tob orr vould-be
private investig~:tors, and senerall.y ac:t the \lay the Blue ~ok proJect
has acted sino:e that time.

1! my contention is correc:t, otber agen~ies or tbe

Covencent, i.Ilcl.uaing the C.1. A.", the Point ~:na llaval Electronics
~e.n~bile~

lAboratory1 the people at Caop Irwin near Earstov, Cal 11'. 1 the artU'ic:ial
meteor projects 1n the llavy1 a.~d a. host of others., ~~~ e:-:gaged. in a
large nUQber or no~l researCh activities vhich led to pheuooena
giving rise, in one vay o~ another 1 to nrly1ng saucer" reports. By
=eans of a ~ll-coord1oated and very highly placed public nevs

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~quip:~ent

to land at Flat Woods might never have beard of' the f'irebal 1
launchings scheduled ~or that same time. Yet the effect on th~ saucerconscious public, and especially the potential ef'fect
on the Russian
,
-;. .:J.~lel J1 gence system and clipping services 1 \laS much p eater than the
~:"'sam Of the plrtS inVOlved.

~ Sea:ttle "sky blast" of' )!ay

1952 is another case 1n point.

~re ven: innumerable explosions of that type 'for a vhile tbere,
then they stopped. ~revere "extraord1mry ~baJls" seen over
~ rrtaies at several t:tmes throughout 1953, ~954, nd so em.
The Nev 1-:ex1co green f1rel)elJs of 1948 l.-ere )itdted to a shorter
tra.cl: leng"'~, but as I see it, that '\."aS only the testing period.
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At &notber level of activity, the enclosed New :Rele&se of

}fey. 5, 1957 shows how press releases e.re tranJpul&ted to avoid

disc~~g

tbose vho believe saucers to be interp]anetar,r.n

(See the last sentence 1n F?:rag::e.:pb 4.) The obviously cramped

typing of t:d.s sentence 2y be evidence tba.t this release -as
being held up (it bad been d-ae to be -issued 1n Oct. 1957) tmtU
th~ &tra.tegy for respOXJse to the expected Sputn1 k"."2 .launcbi ng \o"a.S ~ . .
aettied.

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I 2.:11 enclosing a eopy of a. letter 1;hich I have ju.st written

to the C!..\. Yo'~ sboul.d rea,"" ze tbat the reason ~or my concern
about :flyb; saucers 1 2.lld t::le U.S. Covexument 1 s invol.vetlent vith
the:c, is tt;o::r~ I do not believe tbat a "1984" type o~ thought eontrol
sbo~Jd. be e"l 1o...-ed. to devel.o? 1.!1 klerica.
As I see it, ii" tbe CIA
or tbe CA.."'3, or vhoever is ca,, ing the tune., cz:.r. keep on getting
a\o-ay v1 til t=.is "saucer"~~. .e.etivity1 tben the people vill eventual.l.y
be u::oeble -:o belie're tbeir c-.-n eyes 2nd. ears. Toe mani,:nll2.ted
wrld of '-tich 0!-.."'ell To"te Vill be upO!l us 1 end :freedom or thought
and in~, ..-!:icb. I cherlsh1 ,-j,JJ be scme "for a long Wile

Sincerely yours,

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Operations Resear~h Society

of America

COM?\UTTEE ON AN INTERNATIONAL
CONPERENCE
.
,

Jon W. A.BJUw, Ollav:4, CcmadG

Wnn;a L DEDID, W~ D.C.
TaoUUOlf PAU, Chairman
JOliN P. Con.J:, JYcuhinglDn, D.C.
JOUP& H. Ll:tns, 1ANllm, E1fglad
7100 . COIIHECr!COf .LVZ..'IU
Lotna P. CL&u, J~, .PrnM.
Mtca&TL LErzoau, ClotLJnd, OAio
~&Efi C!BAP 15, 11-\1\h...u'D
8. B.lnr.&vu, N.u York, N:Y.

10 ~

l$58

l'.r. teem Davidson

61. Pro~ct St!eet

lihite PJa1x:s1 Eev York

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r-va.s s, ad to set )oar h'tter 0~ 6 ~ and to leanl c4 the eauae 0~

l"'1lr ea::1ce:r:1 ~er ~ly:!ng sau~e..""S. As a ~ttber of tbe SeieutU1c Advisory

Plmel tbat ~'t ear~ 1D 1953 I can honstly say 'tbat no ageney ot tbe tlS
sovelw~nt hd at.te:lPtecl to hi~ cr distort info:t:at1o:l on tb1a p~cr.encn
up to tb::.-t; t!-.. l-! oreover, I !:ave heard no eVidence that voul4 lea4 ma to
th1%l) t~t t"' A:eriCJin public :.as bem J:lisled in this J:atter llince tbeu

!i'o put 1-t bln:tly1 I

of ~
ccnsil!er 1~

JrJrpOSe

to

Sci~"Dt1~1c

ycu e.re berl;in; up the ~ tree. "be

Adv!so. 'J Pen~l w.a to exnth)e aJ 1 the evidence and
tb~ ..1;

o~.1eetively.

'St'lt ws done, nd t-here w.a abso.lutel.7 DO

evidence ct nr'!ptieticn or fl)-i.ng saucu reports b)' eny sove~n~nt..,, ae;eney.
Far tra: pro:::otir-; tly!r.a se.u=e:- rep01ts 1 saver!: elltal age:1cies we~ ta!UDS
a p-.ll'ely ~~ive course of recerd.iDg reports, keep1:2t5 statiritica, e:ui 'correlD.till3 tbn \li:th known ~ctiv!ties such aa th~ research proJecta )'DU enticn.
Ve exa!>11ped any ot tbe tr:O re!!O% ts 1 end I hold that it is inconceivable
tb~t tmy ccm,d b.ve been "plentedtt as you &Ug~at. Ratber, tbe public
interest 1.: tbt> s-~Ject a~--.oncted the attent1oo ot ~sands ~ vell1ntent1c:led ~~t pc:2rly eqt:.i~ observers vho noticed 1.t'1!ll lmCM1 pb-nomeoa
1D tbe &ley fa: tbs 1"irst t1-,, and reparted tbem eMtJ.cnslJ;r and. :Snsccu

rate'7

pert1ne:at atatisttesl, ~act waa tm.t UFO e1glxt1np

wre ~01e t~'e'fl!'Jt i1l S1r;;"'"er (\.'h<!n tlore ~ople atay out ot 400II at night)
thaD 1:l vi:tc. 'lbs geog:apbi:-nJ loca.t1cma of sight:tnss, too, wre concentr&t.ed i:l re~o~ -e2::-e L"i'O'a \.'ere o!' part1c:ular 1Jlteres~ 1 wd, ot cours~
vbere the ~~~latien d~nsity 1s high~ !fheee data, end nrq otbera, 4o not
aupport v. cc:1tention in your letter or Mr. Alle= Dnl Jes cf 3 J~ that
goveu::.:.ental a;enc1ea baye cau.sed ~ eprea4 of "U?O ator1ea."
Or:lo 1-nta.--est".ng

&';'tel

I eberlsb A::eriMD f'.eed= o~ tbousht =4 41scusa10D, too, a%l4 'WOUld

never accept ~ytr.illg tailltly resabltng CrweU a ..tbougbt CC:ltrol." Tb.s
purpose ot thia letter ia to a.ssuro you on a personal bas1a that r:r:r detailed

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tu.47 shaved abaolute] no basis tor

coucem a1oz:1s these lines. Far mare

aer1ous 1 1D cy op1n1cm 6 is the poor appreciation or tbe zsature ot aciel:ltitic endeavor em tbe ~ or most Anericens. YOI.l could better c1note
)'our e:ttorta to popularizina ecieDc:e thtra looldng 'tar ~1ng aeasat1nnal
1J:a f'ly1ns ,SBUCer reporla.
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on \!n.idenW~eo Y'.:r=-~ O.:.Joc..:.:J, .-. !~.;.
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AusQat

4, 1958

Mr. Fred A. Kirach

1309 Forest Glen Drive
CU)..bop Falls, Obio

...

Dear~.

lC:lrach:

'lbe release ot 19 April 19.58, to which ~erred 1D )'Our' cert1:t1e4

letter ot 28 July 1958, concerns the report ot a panel \mde:r rq

~e panel mN!e rmd reported its f'1nd1np

cbiHJensh1l' son ,ears ago.

to tbe requestiq authority, aDd with that- my active ccmcen1

with the

problem ended. Our res"Ul.ta

am e.ct1ona consequent thereto - 1ncl.uHng

41sel.osure - became ~t!,

f'ar as I am cO!lcerned rez:ain, the concexn

You l!n.lSt thereto... ~ excuse me r:rau entering into a discussion

cr

th question you raise ill your letter.

Sinc~rely

yours,

JI. P. RobertaaD

lUR:n

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concer:dnt the -Report or

the Sc1~~~!1c Panel on Ur~centtried F.171nc Object. - 17 Januar,r 1SS3
which
~l~sed ~ the 1r Fore ut!ice o! 1Ubl1c In!o~tiou on 'Pril
' 19$6. :4-. Robe:-t3cn 11a' ~ cna"tman o! th1~ panel which was c;onvened.
&\ t~ req::ast or ::mz ~enc," CA:"J.7 in l9SJ.
.:.~

bcent\7 1

'Wr"'te

Robart~on

to Dr. H. P.

Y-

. .

I as'ke~ D:. it.bertson to ::;.Jt;e a st~t.er!ent rec;ardi:l( t.he aut.'\entici:t

mt..c:oc...ateD.t~:r o!: the- :z:e-port ftle-.see by t..~e Air !or:e 'because it. confiict5 \11-ut ati ace .mt or the report as &:1T~D. in. t.b.e b1!ok ~~~e Report on
thident.Ui~f :rt:-tn: O'ojects" by Ed-..-ud Rur,elt. Capt. iluppelt oras tho
director c~ ~;.!' J.i:- Fo. ce uro project at 1.be tiM tnat the panel va.s
atu~ t."la 1""0 p:-oblm.

"'lhe :-ele~' ~! 19 Ap:.-'-1. 1956 ~ to which re!t.T~ ' . 1r. .flllr ce:-t1riec!
letter r.! 2S J-Ill; l~::.c;, con:crns the re~o:-t. of . . ;-..:tn..:~ under my chair~::-n.o;hi;. s....... "!'e:._-~ ~-o.
n.e pwu:l ~:ie ~ rea:-t.eu. i'L~ !'inro.ll{:s to the
re::;.uesti."l(. ~-=thor it:', a."ld ~O:.:th t..'lBt r.o .:c~ive concern vit..'l the problem
endeci. Orr nsul '!.a ~d ac:tion5 consequest t.hereto - inc:.u~ di~closurc beCiin8 and, so !ar ~ I a concemaci re::n1n, the concern or t.hat authoritT

Therefor, s1."'\Ce you ..-.e that "requestinG" authori1..)"111 ;d]l you Rako a

Btatcment a.bout t!;o !ir Force rcle-.o;e? Is this rcle::.:ae t..'te con:;;J.ete report
ot t."le p~el o! scier.t.i.sts? Fleue check tbo last r.t.~ ~r ch~,ter aixteen
1n Capt. a:..:;,.lt.'a l,\ook !or an a.~cqunt or tb1s sut.t.er.

lour cooperation vill be appreciated.

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Mr. fred A. nrca

1309 Pore~ Olen Drift

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~abcea. Fat 1 ~. Chio. .

t-

De~r M~. lar~b;

I bs.Ye eomJ.letely last i~erest ln tlx- t1y1~ sauce~ buainese

~uc~ 1 co'I1Si<!er .dull end sUly. I tbinlc fli'bl now o:1 it &houlcl
be in'o~estipted by psychi~tristl am payc:bo1nglsta. ntber tbiZl
by PhYGidst.s. astrooa-er-5 and eueiueesoa.

I do not pos$esS, e.-d b:we not read. ~~ J. Jlut'l~lt's boOk.

~:-efo:-e I c~m cive you no Of'inion abOUt the state: ~nts be a~
~)'Oad t~t . I of course agree caapletely v!.th tbe of Cic1?'11
~ele~

statcweat.

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BROOKHAVEN NATlONAL LABORATORY.

ASSOCIATED UNIVERSITIES. INC.
UP'TON, L.l. N.Y

...

14 Ausust 1958

De

Here !s anot~r flying saucer inquiry. probably sent to all

of us. I hope ~y answer is satisfte~ory. The printed return
address en the envelope contt.i.ning Kirsch s letter to ~e is:

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tn=O :RESL\RCH ORGANIZATICN

1309 Forest Gleo Drive

CUyahoga Falls, Cbio

,.

"1\..'0 w~eks ago I 'nate a na.sty letter to Bill Laurence of

the NYTi:-.s aoout a news release misquotinJ Jung (the psychiatrist.
Dot to be confused with Juagk. the anti-Amedcan). Last Sunday
they ha~ 2..::10tl-.:r article correcting the original st:Ltem.ent and
admitted, as I h:ut sucisec1 in my letter, that Jung wu miSQ\IOted.
by the A~riz.l. Pheno::e.aa Research Orgniza.tion.

'

Sest reJ&rds.

'

Yours.

SAG:poh
Encls

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;2- a. ~~:t- . -

s.
-

A. Goudnd:t

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WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY
MIDDLETOWN.

CONNECTICUT

DlfAAllUNT OP AS1'KCJMN'1Y

VAN VL.EC:IC CBSPVATOIItY

3 October 19;8

Dear

..

osed letter from the.UFO Research

Organ"..zationu z:~ay in.terest you. I propose to answer
1 t per the carbon enclosed, ,mless you have strong

ob.je~ti~n.

classifieq

to calm

-~r.

As far as I can see I have revealed

!n~o~tion~

and cy assnrances

Kirsch a llttle

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may serv~ -

I will hold my ans-;o;er to t.t:-. Y...irscb unt11

1~ October, pending e~y suggestion you may care to make.

Yours sincerely,

TP:hd

cc. E. P. Robertson, Cal Tech.

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Iuvestbt1cma CoM1t~
on Mrl!\., ~
J!..ajc:o ~ E. !:eJ'boe; D1rectar

1536 Co:'~t.tcut. Awma

WPsb'~ 6# D . c.

. h :rc S]X>C!&e to' )'01!:" letter ot

22 ~......l:>er- 1950, vc !=w rc1'ex:ec4 it,
to J.~e:- 'r~e~rJI' oti'1ce ot Icfcz1:B.t1CD
Service:, tM:ited SQtea Air Fc:we.

I bel-3 e '" tm M:r Faxes 1s tbt

esec1."t1vo C~..!!f:;f ~~= ~r~ tbe onl7

I
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SC'i~r e:rt 4lo~l'ley'

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ob~t~.

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Distribution:

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Orig and 2 - EaiDiiil'l

~ . J:- ASD (El"O tUe)

- Front Otrice

OSI/ASD~xa.r:g].J~~(l0ct58)

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Van Vleck Observator,r

Wesleyan University
laddletown 1 Conn.

l~~Octob~r l!J;S

~r. Frod h ~irsch,

Director

Bo llS, Yost ii:lll

C:9e ln~t!tutP or TochnDloCY

Clovoland 6, Ohio
Doar .,,.
i:3.

...,~

~:-s

ch 1
..

In ons-:-:er to yo':lr lette. ot 29 ~J'tr:1ber, !!~. !luppclt s ~ttlte

t'lO!lt:; tit th~ ?t.:lel of '::'h1:1'l I ::~s a ~!'cbe::' 1n 50 ft.r ns t~e d~to
and t-=co co-,ies or UFO's :lt"C con.e..,:-n!!d. l!o':'lt:~ver thoro '3e~e no

"acce;t:1blo v~rd!ct~" prt"sontert to us. in advance; I \'70tJld h::.ve resigned rnt:!er t~-;nn put Y;p :;1th t~lo c1reumntances ho i:o:1plies. It
c:~ be t~a:~t e Po.nel !.:r:b-:-r pro;;o~ed tllc threo possible verd1c~s
cited ns :1zws or r;~tt1~-R d1scuss1r..n ~:tcrted. J..s rnr as I nt:: eoncorned; no ~ne inst~eted Qe, or evan sutgestod .in edvanco nhnt the
p~ncl should .o:oucludo.

nte t-:.o .oovio~ Ca-pte1n. Huppclt :1-:es r.13ro exncined t7lth g~e3t
ctare; I r.:ls lcter told t!'::'jt the}' W:l!'t~ rel,ascd f"or public vie.rl.nst
thou&:h I h~vo n!')t &~en r~fc:>('!lce to them since ~he Psnel m~etincs.
Tho f'llnal .:lF'::bers ~::lti!;f! ~d thor::sf"l v~s thc.t tho ~r~:::e:&tnn r.~ovio
ta::en b; a ::avy ~etty of~icer en B-:r.o eol~~ film nctuclly ~ho'.1ed
S~O.;;lt1ls

! t~i'!.n!t the ;.::-:nt:l!Ul

t'lOV!e 77&8

ident!f!od

~e ~hn.1c:l e:~~c~ts ::tdn el:1~o-:-o.te ;:n('a~m r<-:!ents

~~1 t.~ tli!"C7:: ft.

tre:1 blo\T-up:; ~t !nd!vidUtll !":.-r~=c-s, ho. 1r.; tf" =~ns : t'" s_

peed::: en~! nccel.;~ati~ns. !;t eourso
these . CF:::; ti ties :erf:'ld on t~e rr.nt;o r n::s th'! CG~":n to t.he uro 's whtch hnd to ;.e nsnu ~od, ~inee thn d~t~nition on the o=-1r.1~al. r1~
was too poor to she~ :!ett-11. !he 1de!lt1!1c~t1nn 'r(.'Stf"d on siollr.r
::J.ov1es t.? 7~a:l ~1 th ~ sl:'! lt.r e::~~!'D un:l~r s1:Ulnr cont'i tions.
I remocber bci:~ e;~t!:-nly s::tts!"iod -:"~ th this 1dont1!1cr.t1~n
.

r~e~:;::t'"udotinn tor increased 1nle~t1gnt1cn or t1F0 1 s cn::e

fro'!. Earl ~!lthu~:!,a~tiC: a~t::-o::or::Jtr, 8 C'O!l~ul to.nt hired to DS!Ji~t tho
ronol, -:::io ~as ec~o:- to ~et core rnnd!: for s~ ec::~":o:.s; a~ I roc"tllt
, .-: . .. the. ran:!l .did not ot:r~o -:1th hie ( thr:u;:t;~ his t&ppolll fo~ "::iclo-an!"'le
C:L :':C'. r~ S :'lllY l:nva !;oen 1~ t~r ju~t1 tled by the DdVcnt ot sput:lil:s)

lhe

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t.!y o~m por~or.r.l ;!.c'!ls ere th~t all" tho UFO rletn should be ro loosed to the ~uol1c, so as to ~uiet he l!n"ane~lted cone(!:.-n over

..

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!.s I h~ve ~1:-!" : tly ~n1~\t tho ~1t:!'l1f1ct!nt t1n~u.~~9
hnvc beon r~l~es~d, thon~h scccwh~t tar~ ly. A n~~~~r or infor~~l
pn;'.O~!J 'lto:-o ttr! tton d~ri:1~ tho eourso or tho 1nvo:.t1~ot1~ns, b~'!t cnly
the off!ciol report or the i"nnol, as I recall, C:lrried nll r::c::b~r::
sig~tures.
All tho s!~~1f1c~it p~rts or thot su:~ory report ~ero
-relcn::od on 19 ;,pril l'!]v :~t th~ ti:;e I por:lon:::lly urtiod thot tho

the

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p~rts not ral~c~Dd, but ~s r~r a:; I ccn rot.1erober tho~:e \"l:l~ nothing
th_,:e o:::l:-th -=i t~.-holc3.1nt: - - nctt1~~, in fact, ~~~ would olter
rel~nse s1~~1f1c~ntly.

whole

tho

~1e Peont~~d!ctory st~t~=~nts" you h~ve roeeived ere ons1ly undorstood in to~o:t
the t.1.:;hly e:s;~tional reactions
sooP. o~ your
corresr.o~dcnts, and ti;e ofrlcinl p~11ey
holdL~g ~nck nn 1~sign1=1 cant :.:ort!on ot" t t.c Janf'l 1 s r~port 1n order to ~voicl r~veoling
c:lass1f1ed. infor=atit\n. I t70uld be very 1nterc!ltcd in cny evid~nce
c:o.at:-ndictory- t.o the t-cnel'~ eoccl~.!sion.s,. but 1- have- seen n~~o. .
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2. OSI hea tm ~te~e:!Jt to kee:?ins traek ot U0'a, ha-Jcrer, tho
over.n1 l co;:;m-1 ty re:s?Q:l3lbll1t)' for a) investi~ UFO' a na
b) ~i"::,;TI1ng nll int~I~icm relees~a to tbe public 1D wataa. 1n tlle
Dc:?O-~=n~t. ot the M.r i'oree.
T:le kl,cney, %'ro:l the nt.rector D:\ cl.:::ND,
b3s ::mce~tly been floc-'..ad b~ c:-.mrtes COl".Ce!minB U?J D ea a result ot
e.~ c...~, n:3aif1c:c.ticn c~ & ~rti= of tbe ,.~ng &euc:er RCi)Qrt or
JBJ:~;.:,-.J 1~~3"' AU o! th3se ha.ve been re1'er...."<l~ v1t!l cm'cy

e.cl--..l.c~ b:f' ua, to ;.~o:o I4-vre:1ea J~ ~ac:ker, oo.AF, ~'"IS,

P.oo:. l;.C$rJ.u., Pcr.tcz.o:11 ~, hca tbc pub'' c rcl.:lti.on3 rca:;o::usib1l1ty
for ~'le ~Fare~. \,be~ ac:.~ p:obl~ or 1nvestie;\t10D. cor........ U,?1 ""0
110r r,,7 refcl' the ~~~!r to lt r. J. u. GSl=l'e ot IJFCI!J, T\00!:1 4n9].4,
Pcnt:c"~ It it !s ct,!:ceu!hlo v!th ZfQll, '-'0 Wul.4 ]1ke to retcr a.
ca;y o"! your D31.10l~ili., to Hr. Cili"o:-e ao thet the a~tol'ri~tc
1. ~e tollcr.rJ'j\; 1nfor:.:lticu 1o
rele.rcmced ~aum.
:

a~He41A
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il:Iv'es-:i:;~tio:l

of tbis cttcr r-:q bo

entire c.o=mity.

c--w for 'tb.e beocrit ot tbe

3 TMa, I t-h1n.'t1

"tlli\ICID )o.lr qu.er;y ~ng the UFO

p.~..o~~~~ t:o.~.t l!r. F4...nc 7.zrJ?Qr..c~ ~. 1
tllat tb1 :=ttcr
w-.ll.:.\ be ctirely Gu~~ta i"'rom tba problem ot ;Jr. F1ne 1D nov films
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UFO RESEARCH ORGAl'tiZATION

1309 FOREST GLEN

DRIVE

CUYAHOGA FAt t

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<

Se!,tember 29
1 1958

Professor Thornton P~e

.319 ~'i~h~to:~ Terrace
Y.iddle~m, Connectic;tt

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Dear iTO!essoT Pace:

'Dlznk 7DU very t1Uch or 7'0llr lfltter of 7 Septe111ber and J'OIJ:r . offer to help
clear Ul)"
tlli s Il:ltter o! the 19 ..l.":ril
release. I at;ree too that this matter is

one that needs. cle.a .rint \1.9 md I ap:.,reci;.t. your cooperation.

Pate 27S . n;u earl: J~uy 19S3 t.'1e scientists wo '=~" ~be mecbers ot our pa:ael
o! eJ.perts he.d been contacted. r.r.d. :i:u!.d 2-e::-eed ~ sit in-t judcment o! the 'Ci'O. In turn1
t:e q;reed to ~ve the!l ever.f detall about the. UJO. . 'Wie bad our best re~>orts for them
to read, ~ ~-e trere ::oinc 't.o sho-~. then t..'lo ti; o novies that sOJ"'le intelli&ence officer~
considered as t!le ~ositive proo! 1 the Tremonto~ i:avie and the l~onta.na. ~:Ovi.e. n

ft'aJhen t..lrl.s h~h court eonve::ed on the l:\ornine or .Tanaa%7 12, t.':e first t.~ i.t
re~eivod l:'t'.S its oreers.; one or "t..'--ee verdicts "oulc! be acceotable: 1. All UFO npo1 L:
are explair.2ble u ~m object.s or na.turu phenot!E!na; therefore the investir,ation
should be r:e~.a!"'ently Cis cont.; mted. 2. The U:'U reports do not contain enouch data
upon t-:hich to 'base a !innl cor~2~ions. Project SLue 3ook thould be continued in _hopE
o~ obtain-inr; better dat.a. 3. '!'=.e UFO 1 s are intf:rplanetar,r spacecrdt."

I hEVe t!l~e questions so f~. Is P.u9pelt ~ about the panel ot 1-Jhich ,-ou
~-ere a ce:.r:ber? !i" .so, '-'hich of t.~e t.'lree verdicts vas d!:cid.ed upon7
..\nd just 1ma:t.
Cid the panel thi~'l(: o!' .t.'le t\:o r..ovies or llro's .ill !light {your Fersonal opinion too)2

page 293 ''The p=~~l c!idn 1 t reco:.;:tend that the activities ot Blue Book be cut b~ck~
and they dicin'~ ~CO:.!::Gnd that it be Crof'!lf'C. Tbey re~Oi:ili~tended that it be expanded
the expmsio::t they reco:t~e::.deJ l;oulc require E. co!lSi~r;;w~c S\l!.l ar r:s.o:ae:r. Tne
investir:ati\~ force of Froject ::.!.ue Book should be quadrupled in size, they lr.TI"ote ...
pap 294 n And lastlY. t.'le,. suci ~,at the AJr.carican Public sh~d be tol.d ~'rT cleta1]
Ot evory phase Of the t;"R) i.nVesti~&tiOD - the detai] S o! 'tJle Si;,"htj ngs I the O!ficial.
conclu.1ions, a.nd ~:h7 the co::lClwsioas uere t'lade. ~~ nou).d serve a double J:Drpose;
it vould dispel U1;J ot the eystel"f th:t.t security breeds and it would keep t.he .tfr
Force on the _b=.1J - alop;.y W"es~o:.tions and anal,fsis woul.d never occur.

These a....-oe t!le

.apprecute

heU"_.~

sta.tc~nts

that have c:lused all the contusion.

-.Qat you haw to s;q about tliem.

I woul.d veeymuch

I also bae the st:ltenent from J.lajor DOn~d Ke~itoe1 11As !".early as tre em tell,
the f~ts back a_~pelt. '!here U4.."S D. series of recoranendations but they wre ~ part
or the infor;d report m-.d certainly I := certain o this ret:arcU.e~s o! what."Tacker
aqs. Un!ortunatcly there '=-ere no records l;ept o! these info~ discussions. ~s
is entirely cliti'erant fror.t the .so-callet! !'ozmu report., vhich he ~drnits h:LS not been
relc::.sed. In . oth~r uords 1 tM.s is :~. 1-:ea!Je! to AVoid a.til:d.t tine t.h.e !nets. "

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I also have tho rolloidnr, statement tram 1-:ajor 1'acker1 . 'lhe classified !)ortion
or the Pa.nel 1s ~bnMl Report does not de~ S!~eci.fically tli\.h 1J?Os but on ot.hcr au.tter:
or 1ntellircnce si(lliricance uhich o.f'f'ect the natioiw. seeurity. .Also, I can assure
J'OU that the Fom1. P~port o! the P:mel does DOt r.;c()l!l'i"Ond tb.:.t the ,Ajr Force ts,'Un.cirupla i'ts UFO inve:;tigativc e!'f'orts ~~ release .all UFO '!N"o:mation to the teccral.
public.".

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JOU have 1110st of the contradictinG statez:ents I have received concerning

this x~ort.. A:lY' lit:ht you em shed en this J:la.tter "~1 be 8.!)"~cia.ted. I . vou1d
also Ji::e to hear or your personal vi.e~13 on this Sl1Dject. Wla.t I am ElainJ.y d"ter
thouch is t:lhether or not the recomr.aendations st:lted in ~elta book 1..-ere t~ade in

So

~~ }'OUa

tomaJ. :"e?ort, an Wol'Nl x<eport, privatel.7, or \lhat

Could you say ~'rlnc to clsrify t.'te subject utter or the Formz;l Raport"l

11
Just 1-mat is r.a:at by ~tl1er J!U!.tters of intellir;ence sir,ni!icance ~:hicil af'f'ect the
..DEoticMJ. ..sec:uri-1:!':1.? - ~Could 7-0ll.llso :teU. u ~~t. ~~.. tJ\1 . C._I.4,._pl~d in. .U t.bi.s?

1bank you ~e..fn md I \."111- be wai'ting to hear !raa you. You mrht ansuer to
the follcr.d ng a~ress~ F .K., ~ 14$ - Yost HalJ, Case Icstitute o Technology,
Clevelaz:d 6s 011 o..
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O&jccu c:::R.etJ u.ruJ:.

!P. D. .. ~ . cl/tn IS

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Bovember 19, 1958

t!.ommUUc

CeDtral latell1gonce Agencr

Waabington, D. c.

Doa.r Sirs:

Wo have tormed a group tor the investigation ot the r171ng

.
~ucer mys.terj.
Our objectives are to discover tbe true nature
o~ the objects which are being reported under tm n:ames or
!rlp.ng saucer~~' and 0 un!dent1.t1ed Zlp~g object.".

~ough eo~spondence

with Captain E. 3. Ruppelt~ UAjor D.

Xeyhoe., and t:~t:lb~rs ot the scient11'1c. panel which a tud1od
tho uto reports at your re~uest 1n l95S, we have learned that
70ur agecc7 ~s taken an active interest 1n the uto picture

We have not teen able to d~tercine exactl7 what 70ur interest

.1!1 the uro :!g!lt be. \Se we.nt to lmow 1f our activities. Yihich
will incluce public&tion or reports ot utos and possibly criticisms ot t~ governcent age:ccies mishandling them will be
co:c~l1ct1:cg !t~ the national securit~ in any way. It so.
ill which m&:-6%J~r would we be underzni:cing s~curity when utos

aro not limite~ to the Uni~ed Statoa?

Please give us tho opinion ot the C~ntral Intoll1gence

Agenc,-. For au snswer, do not .t'orward this letter to the

Air Force.

VIe are ted up with their 1easel worded e%p!anat1ons.

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Sincerel,-

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Geo~ge Popow1t~

., ror

The UFORC

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testi::.J:7 to t!:e c:;-; .:tit.t.e -.-: .. ~.o h:.rve bettn Celndut:tinz the
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Nce1ltly that. there

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.lan,: or;::t hearincs. Do you;

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X a:n eorr:,y 1t too'k eo

long but m:1 peo,;>lo apparentJ..y hAd clitrJ.c:W.ty pcylng t:la
1n1'om.s.t1on loose. I hope that the 1~or.r.atJ.an 1ven )IOU

II
&

!'"aa."'lk ve~ amch tor ~ l.ettor ot lla. August about

t:.cying saucera. I think tho.t your reply to Mr. Xil':lc:A.
1a exac~wat 1a naded 1D. ~ent ccmtut ..

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lWsuat. J-9, 19;8

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. . Remarbr l. l ee.lled l':.sJcr '!aeker lftn4 ~~. a.ls::? ..

re:e1ved a letter. s~ee elate. !ra::J \r~yh~:
V.ajor ':aeker vill. .be very &l~ to aosve~ bo~h
letters along the 11a~s he has p~ev1ouslJ
discu.ssf:d "&"it~: l~yb~ i.e.~ the Air Foree 1s
t..'le exec~Jtive ager.cy ar.d. in !Bet. the only

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aec~y q~1t1e~

un!dectiL'J~
Furthercore. JV.aJ~ ~ac::~r

t'lyir.& objceta.
assu:-ea oe tl:.at he has &d\-iscd Y.c h~ t.ta~ t~

re::.:1inir.g port1o:s or U.e repor:- ._....; !!~t e~.l.y

Sec-ret but ~ not 'd.eal vith un11er,~!!1~ tl;t.ns-

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Both the above a ta t.e!&!nto t. ~ t -r~ r..~

: :n~;JeG'. ve vr1~ a let-:er to 7.ey~.~-~ ~6-l:.s!:. :."!.:
t~. '!~ "'~ hos'l4! ~!c:-rcd his let.ter tc ~~.~=~
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This ts a report or a sighting or an unidentified flying object. Th~ report was

prepared by members of the UFO Research ~OI:Jl~i~_tee or ~ron, Ohio. Information for the report was obtained from interv1ews w1th the w1tnesses ~nd personal
investigation into other aspects of the case by m~mbers of the Com~uttee

The following is a description by the witness, Mrs. William Fitzgerald, 934

East Drive, Sheffield Lake, Ohio:
.

On the morning oC September 21, 1958. at approximatetr ~a.m. local tim~,

I had just gone to bed after watching the late movie on televts1on. I was lying 1n
bed with my arm over my eyes, trying to get to sleep when 1 sen~ed that _the room
was illuminated. Opening my eyes, 1 saw that the x:-oom was as hght as 1t gets at
any time during the day.

The window curtains were drawn, and since they are made or heavy red cloth,
I thought that the source of light must be very powerful. All I could think of was
that the Ught was strange and did not belong near my house. 1 stood up on the bed,
pulled back the curtain, and looked out the window. The window has glass panes..
and was closed.
Directly acror.s from me was an object. It looked like a disc with a hump in
the middle ...(see- Fig. 1) At this moment the rim was about ten feet from my window~ My eyes wer-e aboat- six feet ten inches. of! the ground.. .and I would guess that"

the object was five feet off the ground. The object did not seem to glow or have
any light source on it. It appeared to have a dull aluminum color. There were no
houses lit at the time and our street has no lights on it.
I could see no rivets, seams .. or other markings on the object. There was no
visible means of propulsion or guic!ance such as propellers, jet exhaust flames or
fins. Although the object was close to me, I did not feel any heat, nor could I detect a rush of wi~.
.
The object appeared to be 20 to 22 feet in diameter and 6 feet high.(see Fig. 2)
When I first saw the ohject it was directly in front of me and moving north
across my lawn. (see Fig. 3) It v.-as losing altitude as it moved. The object continued in.a straight path, losing altitude, until it was about fifty feet away and about
one foot orr the g:roulld. It was then over the yard next door. The object hovered
there motionless for several secot!ds. As it stopped moving, smoke began to billow
around it. The smoke came !rom two openings in the rim. Each opening contained
about seven pipes. The smoke did not seem to issue from the_pipes.. but from the
opening which held them. The smoke was a pink-gray color and seemed to be luminescent, because it lit up the object. Before this there had been no external light
on the object.
.
As it hovered in the yard, I was looking down on it. The background was familiar
to me. and I could place the object very accurately by observing its position relative
to the gravel driveway and the lawn. It appeared to be solid, with well-defined edges
and I could see nothing through it.
.
..
Then the object moved back into my yard and rose to a height or about five feet.
At this point it was about twenty-five feet f'rom me. It was no longe'r emitting smoke
and had the same dill aluminum color that it had when I first saw the object. It made
. two quick clockwise turns and shot up out of sight. The second turn seemed to be
tighter than the first. I would estimate the turning radius at three feet. It did not
turn on its own axis at any time during the sighting. The two clockwise turns were
about an axis parallel to the axis of the object.
.

Duri~ the turning maneuver. the object did not tip nt all. Then it went straight
up so qu1ckly that I was unable to see the undersi~e of the object. The roof on my
. house extends over the wi ndow so that the view was cut orr before the object had

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iained much altitude. During the entire tl~e the object was in vie_w it made a.
noise which reminded me of a jet engine warming up. It was a whirring or whining noise, and sounded muffled. The noise was unlike any 1 have ever heard made
by the trains which run nearby.

The incident terrified me so that I was unable to ca_p out to my husband. who was
sleeping in the bed with me. The best I could do was to kick him ~everal time.s
with my left root while balancing on my right. ! .n ever took my eyes off the ObJect
until it di.sappeared. My husband is a very sound sleeper and I was unable to waken
hJm. When it was all over I just got back into bed and tried to pull myself together.
Some time later I fell asleep and did not wake~ until about 11 a.m. The next morning I discovered tbat my son had also seen the object.
.
.
I was extremely nervous for several days ~ter I sal! the ~ject. I am s~re
that I would be dead now ii I had a heart conditlon. It fr1ghtens me when I th1nk or
the effect this kind or sighting could have on a person who might be s~ghtly unbalanced emotionally. I was very relieved when I saw that my ten year ol~ sou was
oot harmed or frightened by the experience. I have no idea wha.t the obJect was.
or why it came into my yard.

A week later I went over t.lte entire sighting in my imagination., trying to simulate the duration of each maneuver, and timed the sighting at about 36 seconds.
This is the time elapsed from the time I first looked out the wiudow to the time the
object disappeared from sight.

'

J'ohn Fitzgerald~ ageaten, was in the room next to the one occupied by Mr. and
Mrs. Fitzgerald. He had awakened to go to the bathroom and was back in bed when
a very bright white light shone through his window. It was so bright that he had to
shield his eyes 'With his hand... The l:.ght seemed to come !rom the part of the object
where the hnrnp joins the disc ... shaped base. John said that the object went past his
wiudow going sotr-"l. He then got out of bed and climbed up on a hot air register to
see out of the wie!iow. His description of the object and the events which followed
matched that givec. by his mother. Ee described the color of the object as being
similar to that of a. tin cup. John s;rnulated the sound made by the object by simultaneously whistling and humming. When the object went out of sight he went back
to sleep.

On Sunday mortling Mr. Fitzge:-ald and John rose at '1 a.m. and had breakfast.
Mrs. Fitzgerald remained in bed until about 11 a.m. While eating breakfast~ John
. told his father about the strange sight he had witnessed during the night. Mr. Fitzgerald told his son that it was all a bad dream and thought no more about it. Then
later that morning when his wife met him she began to relate ber experience. Mr.
Fitzgerald cautioned his son to be silent and then heard his wife describe the same
object and motio!lS t.ut his sou had told him about several hours earlier. It was
not until then that e!.th.er witness realized that the other had seen the object.
When Mrs. Fitzgerald found that her son had seen the object she dismissed the

idea that it might h.a\e been a hallucination. She felt that the incident should be reported to authorities. but could think of no one to can. Prior to this sighting she
had ao interest in "flying saucers", and was skeptical about other reports. FinaUy..
she called the Lorain Journal for information. They seat a reporter to interview
her. Subsequently, articles appeared in the Lorain Journal, Elvria Chronicle. and .
the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
,.

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On September 25. two members of the UFO Research Committee or Akron inter...
viewed Mrs. Fitzgerald. They prepared a summary or the sighting which was sent
to the Aerial Phenomena Group, Air Technical Intelligence Center, Wright-Patterson
Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio~ together with a re'tluest for an investigation.
.
The Air Force se~t two investigators from Dayton to check the. report. They

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made a survey of train schedules, lake activity, and other possible factors in the
sighting. On October 4 they interviewed Mrs. Fitzgerald and her SOD John. M":'
Fitzgerald filled out the stan<iard UFO repo~i.ng form and ~nswered a. few questlons ..
The Air Force investigators advanced no opm1ons at that bme regarcbng the true
nature or the object seen by Mrs. Fitzgerald. However. they assured her that the
official conclusion would be made known to her within thirty days. If the conclusion
was in the "known" category, all evidence which led to that conclusion would be
available for her inspection, according to the investigators.
The Air Force investigators asked Mrs. Fitzgerald, the following questions,
recorded by a member of the Committee who was present:
Q: Was it raining? What was the weather like?
A: It had rained a few hours before.
.
Q: Did the smoke appear fluorescent?
A: It must have been to explain why it lit up. I guess.
Q: When the light turned off, did it r,_de or turn off quickly?
A: (Witness couldn't answer, but thought that the light did _not turn off quickly.)
Q: When the obj~ct left,_ did it go up quickly?
A: Yes.
.
Q: .Have you recently been under medical care? .
A: No.
.
Q: (directed to John Fitzgerald) Did it appear to be aluminum?
A: It was like two tin cups, like a soup cup.

No other 9u_e stions were asked of

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Two other people in the neighborhood had experiences which helped to confirm
the presence oi a strange object.
Mr. D was sitting on the edge of his bed preparing to retire for the night. His
attention was attracted by a light shining into his room through the window. The
curtains were d:-a'.r\-n. Mr. D says t."'lat the light had the color of moonlight but the
source seemed to 'be much larger t.~n the moon. However~ he did not give it another thought and went to sleep. supposing that it was the moon. The light did not
move or pulsate duricg his observation which lasted. five seconds. There was no
aound or other disturbance connected with the object so far as he could remember.
The time of 1\.1:-. D's experience must have been several minutes before Mrs.
Fitzgerald's. Mr. D had also watched the late movie and had gone into his room
immediately. He had no explanation for the light.

.
At approximately the same time, Mr. and Mrs. P were sitting in their living
room, smoking. when they heard a strange noise. They had also watched the late
movie. Mrs. P described the noise as something like a jet plane roar, but of a
lower pitch. The sound began abruptly $nd then faded out in a period or about four
seconds. Mr. P t."'lought at first that the sound might be caused by train cars engaging on the track_which runs nearby. Howe~er, this sound is familiar to both
parties and they dismissed it as an explanation. Mrs. P said she did not think the
sound was caused by a jet because of its abrupt start and strange sound. Also, the
television set always fluttered when an airplane would pass overhead, and the set
showed no signs of disturbance when the sound was heard. They saw nothing un..
usual.

Mr. D and Mrs. P contacted Mrs. Fitzgerald after her story was published.
"No house-to-house check or other attempt to contact witnesses was made.

Two other sightings were reported that morning in_Lorain, which borders Sheffield . Lake'.

At 2:30 a.m. on the 2.lst~ Mrs. S in Lorain w~s awakened by a light nooding
through her window. At first she thought that the sun had risen. but her clock told
her otherwise. She went to the window and saw a round red object apparently

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several times larger than the moon. It had no markinis and did not look like the
moon. At the top or the object was a 11h!lmp" or protrusion which had ~e same
uniform color or the main body. At first she thought that she was view1n.g the
moon under strange conditions so she called to her. husQand saying. "There is
aomething wrong with the moon." He looked at the object, but could not identify
it. About five minutes later Mrs. S looked for the object again and found that it
had shifted in a westerly direction. She thought the object's size might have been
comparable to a 2 inch object when held at a distance of 14 inches. When it was first
aeen the object was in the WSW sky and about 40 degrees above the horizon.
At approximately 2 a.m. on the 21st. Mrs. G of Lorain watched a 11big red
ball" moving outside her window. She was in bed when she spotted the object
through the partially closed venetian blinds on her window. The object approached
the window. moving horizon~ally parallel to it for s_e veral seconds. Then it moved
up and out of sight. The ob~ect made a low pulsating sound which reminded the
witness of a de.a th march. 'It made me sick to my stomach," she said later. referring to the sound. The sound grew louder as the object approached. and diminished
as it left. She thought she heard a crashing sound just before the object came into
sight. If the object maneuvered as she said it did. then the object must have gone
through some limbs in the trees outside the window. However. no damaged limbs
or other evidence was found.
.
.
Mra_ G has no explanation for her experience.. She suffered no W effects. The
G house is about 500 feet north of the same railroad track tha~ is near the Fitzgerald
house.

The accounts or the objects seen. ~y Mrs. S and Mrs. G have no obvious bearing
o~ the Fitzgerald sighting. They are included here because it is felt that all strange
phenomena in the area that morning might have had a common origin. It should be
noted that all of :he incidents took fllace at approximately the same time. No other
sighting& were reported. (see Fig. 4)
The facts in each of the four cases concomitant to the Fitzgerald sighting are
insufficient to pez mit a detailed analysis. However, it should certainly be noted
that the objects reported by :Mr. D.. 1\lrs. S, and Mrs. G could not have been the
moon. The moon set at 1:07 a.. m. on September 21.The lull names and addresses of all parties connected with this report. as well
as a tape recording of an interview with Mrs. Fitzgerald, are in the files of the
UFO Research Committee.

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ANALYSIS

Was this a real "unknown"? A true unknown is an object ttiat remains u!lknown after being seen under conditions which ~h.ould norm~lly ma_k~ the obJect
easily identifiable. In order to satisfy this def1mtion c.erta1n conditions must be
present in a sighting:
.
.

(1) The object should be seen against a familiar _background suc_h as trees
. houses. nearby hills or low clouds. There 1s no way to est,mate the true

size of an object seen in a cloudless sky. A small object close to the

observer may appear to be large and far away. When the dis~':'-ce or the
object is fairly certain. the observer will not make a great mlSJudgment
in the size.
(2) The object must be faiily close to the observer. _For inst_a!lce. a balloon
seen from a distance of two miles cannot be read1ly idenb1ed, but a balloon that" is 200 feet away ~an be recognized immediately.
(3) The duration of the sighting must be such that the observ~r has time ~nough
to focus his eyes and observe the details oC the construc:tlon of the obJect.
A sighting that lasts five seconds is highly questionable. The witness
would have to be a very well trained observer to catch any detail in such
a short time.
(4) The object should maneuver in a manner that clearly distinguishes lt !rom
a..coa.ventionat aircraft-or balloon . Fo~ instance,..~ abrupt 90 o.r 180 degree
- turns
would mark a true unknown. simply because no conventional object
today could perform such maneuvers without structural failure

In the Fitzge:-ald sighting the first and second conditions are fulfilled completely
The witness was in a very favorable position to observe the object because it was so
near. When the object was stationary in the adjacent lot. the witness was looking
down on it. The object was silhouetted against a familiar background. There was
. no chance for any sizable error in the estimated size of the object because its distance from the obs~rver was so accurately known. Even though the object was not
illuminated when:.-: was closest to t.'"le witness .. she could easily have seen any markings or protrusioc.s.

The sighting lasted about 36 seconds . This is enough time for a person to get
his bearings and focus his eye!\ even during su::h a startling experience. Mrs.
Fitzgerald had eno~.:gh time to get a. good look at the object. She could hardly have
been looking at, say, a fallen weather balloon in her yard for 36 seconds without
recognizing it for what it was. Her eyes might have been blurred at the beginning
or the sighting but_sufficient time passed for them to focus properly. Her description of the motions of the object would not be affected by a momentary lack of focus.
The image of the object remained so vivid in her mind that she was later able to
direct an artist in drawing it.
.
.
When the sequence of motions of the object is studied. it becomes obvious that
an "unnatural" phenomenon was observed. The object glided down in a northerly
direction, hovered. glided up in a southerly direction, made two quick turns and
then went straight up.

We must conclude that t!'!~ obj~ct was a genuine unknown. The nat~re or the ob_ject seen by l'.!rs. Fitzgerald must for the time bein~ remain a mystery. However,
some interesting observations can be made on the description of the appearance
and motions of the object.
.
Altho~,tgh no marks of construction were seen on the object, the shape strongly
suggests that it was manufactured. This is emphasized by tile pipes in the rim.
The general shape was symmetrical - - not the sxmmetry found in nature, but the
symmetry of a potter's wheel or lathe. The motions of the object can quite reason~bly be considered as having been intelligently directed. Certainly they are not the
motions ~f an object caug.ht in the wind.
.

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WAS TinS A HOAX?

Mrs. Fitzgerald had nothing to gain. by reporting this sighting. To date she
has received nothing for her efforts but a scoffing from some of her neighbors;
while. on the other hand. she has the indirect support of the other people in her
neighborhood whose experiences are recorded in this report. These people were
aU strangers to Mrs. Fitzgerald before the incident .Mr. and Mrs. Fitzgerald
have volunteered to submit to a lie detector examination if any serious questioning
of their honesty is made.

WAS THIS A HALLUCINATION?

'The fact that her son J'ohn also saw the object rules out the possibility that
the sig~ting was a hallucination

WAS THIS OBJECT A GOVERNMENT .1-IISSIIE OR FLYING DEVICE?

No simple acswer to this question is possible . The u.S. Government has
repeatedly denied that the UFO reports are being caused by government-operated
craft of any sort. Mrs. Fitzgerald reported no markings which would indicate
that the object was a u.s. device.
To answer this question more fully it is important to know that UFOs have
been. seen in every country. even behind the Iron Curtain. They have also flown
dangerousl;y close to commercial airlanes and over highly-restricted areas of
this country where an fiyiug is prohibited.
.
I! the United States had in its possession a device capable or the performance
attributed to the UFO. it would certainly not risk flying the device over foreign
countries. The same can also be said of all other powers on this planet. To have
a "saucer" crash or be forced down in a foreign land would naturally be most injurious to the manufacturing power.. .
.
. No governm~nt tests are conducted over populated areas, and all military aircraft are kept at a safe distance from commercial air lanes. The threatening
danger to the ci~~an population is enormous in both cases. It does not seem
reasonable that tl:.e government would jeopardize the safety of the public by flying
these devices whel"e they could do so much harm.
Fina]Jy, it see:n s strange that so many billions ot' dollars are being spent
yearly to perfect jet and rocket aircraft if we already have devices like the one
described by l'virs. Fitzgerald.

.... .

HAS AN OBJECT LIKE THIS EVER BEEN SEEN BEFORE?

. The Air Force Project Bluebook Special Report 114, a summary or the official
UFO investigation from 1947 to 1952, contains a drawing of an object very simUar
to the one described by Mrs. Fitzgerald.(see below) The dimensions in the Air
Force drawing correspond to the dimensions of Mrs. Fitzgerald's object

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A COMPLETE AND DETAILED ACCOUNT

OF THE SIGHTING
OF AN UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT

+++

SHEFFIELD LAKE, OHIO .

SEPTEMBER 21, 1958

COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY THE UFO RESEARCH COMMITTEE

OF AKRON, OHIO

P. 0. Box 5242
Aleron 13,0hio

December ], 1958

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DRAWING OF MRS. FITZGERALD'S CONCEPTION OF UFO

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ARTJST WORKING FROM MRS. FITZGERALD'S
DESCRIPTION OF OBJECT

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~ .!\."IIONAL INV!STIGATION3 C01!~~-nn~E

O~I 1\ERI..;.L FHr:~;Q}.!E!'iA

"---llon H=~~!t. C ,,_.,.

jOR D.Ot;.-\LD E. KEYIIO'i)D:roetor

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1958

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:~u~!."'e Oftl-:~
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:e:t~~l In~ell~?~~t

W~Ening~~n 25,

o.c.

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111 tn the a!lproal "Jf 2oa~d .:r ~ .11,-.rs wi t~. -~olft I tttve~ ~.so:~
t!.Lo aituatl:m I amwr1t1n.g . 1~a1n to Ute wt.at pRrt__ th.e Ce .:-~.
In~ell!~"n.:~ l~.onc7 pla:rs ln :r.~ o!"r!ctal: :ilives;I"e-at!on :J':' ~t.:: .

unid&r.t1r1od

tly1r~ ~bject~.

!Hr.~& J'anUA.1"J l 953 I t.a

ve

b~ ~"1

or

tbe rao t tha-: t.n~ Ctt~~ .. ..

lntGlll~~::;$ A~.,ney 8.~3~~1~ .-=. IJ S!'"r.JUp or. aoient!Jts "~ ~~.fo P:-. ~ .
to xa:o:I1.!'1e ~h~ ev1 d ~!"!::a on l ~- ."J s .nd to de a 1d o or eug.c;to s: " : ~-..:
or JI.C"~o!on. Stl'~!'"&lltJ:O:~-tS' 1 l _;~ I W&S quost!or.d by r. ~CU'1:: ..

:o:-!.

tt~& - ~~Cl!tlla.n St:.t~u.,..:31 -;.~ ; .

c.mt
tea se~ara~ 1r.:~rVi!! .. ~

e!

or .

. &\'I'!U"'tt

O~erattons.
!1.1!"'~ .~
!n Wh.ich I gaY& the aub~t'~~! ~~~ ..
t~ld the invest1ga~or Of ~he i~~~

e:1 GQvernment

~aSS 0! V~r!fied_eY!~~n~e, ;
~eotin5
3ziant13tS ~nd ~~~ieSted

of
the off!e1al report.

thnt h8 ask

forth~

copy . .

!.fLtttr b$ told bJ, thO.t thB J..~ r lo'0!"C:8 &Xpla1neJd 'thCt thiS W8S t~ :*.

"

.\1:- Fo:-:e cocll%en~ a.."l1 tilct ~- n,,. would 1\ B'te to ask the appr.: "~
~r~~ ~~n~y involv:i.
~ :st~ i.~ another oc:neslon ~ho . 1n..-~.s':\IZ-t.~.
~old. z:!) tll!.: ~hi: he.:i pl"C'Tl!)<: to be th5 C,:~tral Intelli~~n~o A~- :
ar~~ th.nt. h~ had bden sen~. a .unam~rr
the !ull r~ ort, wt11c:t Y.-

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!lntil that ti:\J, tlle Air Fo:-c& h:C ort1c1allr don1ed th~ ex:~!.'!'
o! anr :ruch dOCl:::!~nt. How..-; f\r, a ~rtl1 ..rtor I !'!ad tn4 VI!':"' I r.:
from th-t l!cCloll~ subcotnm1 ~:.to 1n?est1gator. the Atr Fo:-e~ a %
:.":lttad. t~.at t!:.,:-o <cr~s s.:~h ... J.;)~u-::a:.~, c.a I hnd cl~ E:!.Ad. . ~!.: ..
s aho:-t t!.':'!3 t!"l.~1 r'J!oe.~.,d w:-:n t thsy said was a ~u:u'!:!l.~y ~, t!-.t
:\S.1n polnts, and tho ton-l llis ~ .:n a o! tbe ae1o,:,.t1at.s. Ko ll"~ : 1'"..l .
a..l ma~~ o! t.ho eor..::cction -. ~ :n tba Cc,nt:-al Intellize!'\~toJ..~.*":l

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r::.~ ;::..... 1:-:ael . I:-vc.,~t1t;n:!e~.s C ":" .,!-:.~fe _1 s horebt ~questln.~ :!'

~i ; :-;: 1.:1-:atl~n or t=-~!.l'! f'l.: l l ~- : tJ:-1. s., J:.bat wo J:".flJ e~o."1lin~ t:...
.:~ ..:l:~~r..t nn:i t~ )Y!,.h;r.ce ale.=.~~ ;;lt.h. th sei,ntlst.s eonc:!.t,;~ !~:-.$

'lw~ A1:- F~:~-ao Ca.a ro-peat.,!lj ~-:r.ted that ~nore 1a -absolu~~::; _ r..o
cil:~u:- con:l'=t-.,d witt:. ~.!ci~:i~!fl&i !l7in; o~j'Jct.s. It ha&5 :.!'-''
Pt1t! tt"""' t ~~ re ls :u classi! s.:.a tlon a a regards nat !onal soeu:-1 t;
:tr.t:J 6~=-i.t~oi 11 o!!1Ci!ll U!9 o:.lJ" ola:s~1t1:at!on, which. t~~ At
Fer~~ rn~s. 1s to p~ot~ct th~ ~'=~s or w1~~ca~es who do no~ 13r.
to ce -puol1clr l!s t~d.
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.

S!~:l ~~., CIA ~ccu:e!lt is af1 l.h~t to

list wttnesaos Jla:M3 ~.r.-:

io no rsaao~ apparen~ ~r

. ~: ~~~~s ~ho ge~ral pro~lcT. ~here

1t sh?~ld r~ot b& doelu.sU'ie:i. as reque-stect. .

or

~ -:-s;>ite ~~te pl!bl.!.sh~d c-m~lu~i~ns

the .-l9S3 2c1on_:1ata g:o.,~;~,
~~~ ~.s\'e !'ou=.d. t.hat t!:.~:-:) . !e '!.~ 1n!lroa:a1n~; publle bo.~e~ tr11-: _~.r.~

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ca7 p:>~s!bly be u..,!'r1en<!~ r . ~ 'fie h~ e..:.t.\>so~~lJ:-~0.: or:!;:~.:_o:

:-:..., . p~'OV~. -.tb.-a~ 17\ o-rar'! !losti~--~ ar.c: 1 o1te th1s-anly tg p.-v~e ~~~
.!~~~;~r o! the pr,.sa!'l~ :s ec~ec~ r~licr. :Jo creer breeds 1;:-rr!'.c:~r t.h !> &ubje~t ~'"ld 1t coulC: >:.t;.;.i to t:rste:-1c.or ov!n ~lir.~~ -:.'.:1 ;..:

~~=-~a!.:x

eocd1t1or-s. I ba 'llo7-:- tnnt an op&n d1acu=s1c-n ot' t.r.~

p!"''.)'bl~.:: 11'0U c1 :serve t:-:.o bo~t 1:1t.~rests. ot tho country .....

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ln add!.tion to req~~~':1:t~
~~ ;y or ths tor=ai roport :!ran. 1!?
by ~he s c:!.onti: ts !n ~~53 !H~:\P roques.t.s an 1~te:ov1ow Yi t!'~ an.
..,~~i:.1al o! tte Co"'l~:-l!l L,t!ll~!~tmco Age:1cy who 1s cr.1 lit!e~
.
to s;.o~~ tor t~e C!A en . t.r.!e fl!~j~ct. It 1s our be11or tn~t.. :a
!'re.~ d!.s;,;ssl?n 0 f tha p~~l~ .ll' 1f! 11 be ..O! INt\1&1. bon~f1 t.
....
.

!r.. ~1 p:-ovi.-,turl~ttetr3, I !j~'f~ you the na::e or. sO!De.of . ou~ !r..a~-;

=~~~~r3. !r.cl~di~S Vi:~ Ad~ir~l R. H~ E1llL,koett~~, US~ (?.ot.;

':;.~ fon:~=-17 l:'tj_J dire~ ~'lr
~~~ C'Sr.~r~l In~o l1lg3nce Ae:cn~; .. I

o:

J~!:::iral };.!l1-J:"!\:-1:.11 :tosr. &3 well &:J all

cu~ Bc.~rd a:!d e~"!. S;:u~1:!.l .l-~1:3er.11 would toll you,

"-'= s\U"e that

:h.:s t. t.t,7 c!!3 (\.:-ue ~1 th ths

l"ly1r.; ('bj!tct3.

p: t"~nt.

.
C0'7f!r!ng a!:..
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the D~et:sl)o:-s t:~

it qu:-sti-er.t. .! .

wt1dent1!'1o~

'til tb a :-9::.be:-~h!i\
4~ etate:s and l:!~.r.y rora1crn ~n~:n~:-: ~
e~r~pt ~!"~se 1u ~h~ U:.SR, !IIC 4P b.1.s, b7 1 t' ser lou~. ta~ t~nl ?r'~ 1.e"l ?.~:l th~ attention or ~!!.::11 11!1'00rtant c1ti%e!ls he-rtt kll'.! '10~ .. ..
Ou~ .fa:tlAl ~ro!ls relea~os t:~.,o ~~en eiven serious atto:1~ton by :::..
press e~ by ne~:cast~ra~ Wa are ~ in a postt1cn to holp c1t!~en:

1n A:o:-~r!-=z.. are el~o~~~ret, ~c: -;:-:e !~C~;l -:':!!.1~~ eVI'):lt"\l&.l:,. w~l.:. : ... .
:.o tl ~ : >\:..o p-.lbllc. W" hopo ~r. J Coc.tT"al In~olli 0 or.c~ l~er..:": w~"ii..
a!-.-t!O b
" C?:'ll'or~co or at lls t P.~ !.nterv1a-w on tho vo:r1ou" ,..:poe~:J o! t."l!s p:oblo:.

aecr.,cT about
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DEPARTMENT OF THE AJR FORCE

WASHING ION

WPIC& 01'-ntllaU &#,.,.,

l3l OCJ . 1958

I re!'er to JWI" inquir)" ccmcrning the illtereat. ot Mra. Vi]ltem

11t.zpral.d Qf Sbattield Lake Ohio," concem1Di au utddeuWhd flli.Da

object abe alle8cil1 aaw on 21 September 1958.

Atr lorce 1nnat1glltora arrived ill Shett1.el4 Ib em 3 October.
oonaan!ca.ta4 Vit.h Mrs. Fitzgerald am alao 1nSt1atAd other pbaMI .ot
u .1n?aat1i&t1cn t.o possibq evalnte t.hSa s1ght1ns;

7ha 1n'eat.1gat1on renal.ed thit a railroad track ran neu tha boa

ot Kra. Fitzgaral.i. :be

nigh~ ot ll.rs. !'1t.zprald 1 a a1ght1ng, a

appro.rl:te~ t.h~ sa honr of the reported

t.raill
passed the hollH at
a1ghti21, The train bad a rot.ti:.g haadllght vhich, \mder BOD eond1t.1on,
vouJd produce m:ousual ef!'ect.a. Contact was al:so :ade vith Chief BoWD
Mate \UJH,;- Jt Schott ct the Cout Cuard. St&t.ion, Lorain, Ohio. Chiet
sc=~~ :reported. t.hat: ha vu t:s1ng h1 s spotlight. in m attempt.. to
att.re.c"t. tbe &tt.anticn ot ~ctl:lar ahip, end that t.be light vas cii.rected
\OVard 8hC::"1t in the 11Zl8ra.l cli."""eCticn Of Mra. l"'itzgerald 1a hCUIII Tbe
timl nd date or 'tbia 'nc.i~e:rt. coincide vitb tboae reported b7 Mrs
l'itzgeral:i. Mrs. Stevard. c~ Lor1n 1 Ohio, a 'ldt.Msa listed 1D Mra
71tzp:-alc a report, could =~ recall 11:7tM.ng umuual OD tbe night ot
the npc:'"'..ad aighU.ng, !t::'. G..-.go or Lorain, anot.ber vitmaa, vas not
ava~ hble !=r interriev. ~_. watber at. t.!la t1me ot tJle incident. vas
a miaty ra.:n v1th base alld cob.

..

The c.:t:c1ns10A or Air J'orce i.Dftatigatora vu that the aomb!natioD

ot mov!ng 1!ghts, noise ~ t,":e train am prevailiDg veathar acomnt far
~ UluliQ e%pllrienced b1 Mr1 .Fit:gerald. The Air Technical
Intellige:c.ee Center 1 after enluat! ng tbe evidence 1n this oaae 1 ocmCNrrod vi~ 'tbl ccmclwlio:l cl t.h im'eat.igator".

v.

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...

Honorable

~.

rrsm:a

. Major General
llireat.or

. ..

P.

US~l

Ltgialatift IJlaOD

D. Batuabart, lr

ot Repreaent.atina

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GENERAL FISHER'S LETTER, REVEALING
OFFICIAL
AIR FORCE CONCLUSION ON FITZGERALD SIGHTING

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ANALYSIS OF AIR FORCE CONCLUSION

A railroad track runs 320 feet south of the Fitzgerald house~ At approximately

2:52a.m. a train left the Lorain station going east. Thi~ train probably_ passed
the Fitzgerald house a short time after 3. At the same time another tra1.n "!'as on
the tracks in the vicinity of Sheffield ~ake. going w~st. T~e railroad offlc1als were
unable to furnish the time at which th1s tra1n passed the F1tzgerald house.
11
..
li
ht
The locomotives employ a special headlight called a m~rs g
o~ a .. r;yralight''
which oscillates in a horizontal figure eight pattern. The light thro"!s 1ts beam over
a much larger area than would be possible with a conve~tional head~1ght.

. If such a light did shine in the Fitzgerald b.edroom !flnd~w. it ~1ght have c.au~ed
the room to light up as Mrs. Fitzgerald descr1bed. W1th this in m1nd Mrs. F1tz
gerald and several members of the Committee observed trains approaching from
the east. At a distance the headlight beam is completely blocked by t~e houses ~nd
trees on the other side of the street. When the train is near the headlight beam 1&
directed away from the house. Even on the extreme swing of the beam the light
never hits the house.

At best this explanation. that Mrs. Fitzgerald was fooled by a train headlight.
could account only for the initial phase of the sighting in which she saw her room
brightly illuminated. It has no conceivable bearingon the rest of her report. For
instance. how could she have mista..tc.en a train headlight for a solid object 22 feet
in diameter~ 6 feet high~ from a dis+~nce of only 10 feet away? And it should be
emphasized that the. witness lia.d her back to the railroad tracks during most of the
sighting.
.
.
.
.
As to the sout!d connected with t.."le object. it hardly seems possible that Mr~
Fitzgerald wot:ld not recognize the sound of a passing train. She has lived at her
present address since June of 1958, and has lived near railroads all of her life.
S~e has attempted to detect a simila!"ity between the sound she heard and the sound
or the trains, but has been unable to make any satisfactory connection.
The coast of I.ake Erie is about SOOO feet north of the Fitzgerald house. The
bouse is about 50 i eet above the level of the lake. Between the house and the lake
coast are a number of houses and t:-ees. The lake cannot be seen from the Fitzgerald house.
.

According to c;mer Boatswain 1\.Iate Schott of the Lorain Coast Guard station.
the patrol boat in question was never closer to the shore than one mile.

. The spotli~ht on the type of boat used on this patrol is designed for s"otting bodies
or objects in the water near the boat. Consequently it has a very broad and diffused
beam. The beam fro:m this spotlight has no similarity to a searchlight beam of the
type used for spotting aircraft or for advertisil\g.

Therefore the light from this searchlight could hardly have been a factor in the
sighting or the object by Mrs. Fitzgerald; .
.
The Air Force statement on this c:ase states: "Mrs. Steward (i. e.Stewart) of
Lorain, a witness listed in Mrs. Fitzferald's report, could not recall anything unusual
on the night of the reported sighting.
Mrs. Stewart has since signed a paper refuting this statement. (see Fig. 5)
It is interesting to note that the Air Force investigating team who visited
Mrs. Fitzgerald insisted that their job was entirely one of fact-finding. They
said that they themselves did not make any conclusions on a case, and explained
that this was done by "highly qualified experts in Dayton." The last paragraph
of the letter from General Fish_er contradicts this statement made by the ~ergeants

It is obvious that the Air Force conclusion in this re~ort was based on a c:om(Jlete
dlSregard tor the facts. In the final analysis which follows it will be shown that the
investigation, the sole basis for the Air Force conclusion was conducted on the same
level of c:om~Jetence.

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ANALYSIS OF AIR FORCE INVESTIGATION

~TEUI.
..
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TEC.H,
.
In our opinion the Air For e investigation oft s case was crim1nally mishandled The
investigator , )t.Sgt. Haistan an - M.~gt. Hof, spent two days.
tn Lorain ."investigating" the sighting. Their investigation. like ~e ATIC analys1s.
,as a disgrace to the u.S. Air Force,. and an insult to the Amer1can. publlc whom
the Air Force supposedly represents.
.
.

tw;

Following is a list or the blunders committed by Sergeants Hof and Haistan:

(1) They did not bother to observe the headlights on the trains passing near the

Fitzgerald house. This was despite the fact that th:y we~e ~equested t~ do so by a
member of the Committee present at the time they 1nterv1ewed Mrs. F1tzgerald. In
fact, this pOint was brought out in the presence of Mrs. Fitzgerald, an_d she stated
then that the headlight beam never. at any time, comes through her w1n~ow. The.
failure to make even this simple check on what was supposed to be a maJ~r factor .1n
the sighting is inexcusable and displays the grossest inefficiency.

(2) The presence of any sort o! lake activity should not have been listed as a
factor in the s i ghting. At the closest point to the Fitzgerald house .t he lake is 3000
feet away... It is impossmle to see the la..lte from the Fitzgerald house. This was ex ..
p tained to- Sgt. Hof by a member or the Committee at the time the sergeant was in the
front yard of the Fitzgerald house. The sergeant was asked to explain how. since

according to their investigation the weather was bad at the time of the sighting, any
light could have been seen reflected from off the clouds, or how light in any other manner could have reached the Fitzgeral d house !rom the lake. Sergeant Hof acknowledged
these objections b~t made no attem?t to answer them.
(3) General Fisher's letter states that Chief Schott rer.orted he was using his spotlight "in an attempt to attract the at tention of another ship . and that the light was directed toward shore "in the general direction of Mrs. Fitzgerald's house. 11 If the sergeants had made a conscientious check with Chief Schott they would have noted that at
the time he _was usir.g tile light to attract ano~her ship he was at a place on the lake
miles from the F itzgerald house. They would also have noted that the spotlight
beam would have had to travel through downtown Lorain on its way to the house. As
mentioned in the analysis of the Air Force Conclusion, the sergeants apparently did
not know that the Coast Guard boat had a light which could not be focused on clouds in
the manner of a sear-chlight. Chief' Schott has signed a statement specifying his position and activities on the morning of September 21.
.
..
(4) How the sergeants could ma.ke the statement that Mrs. Stewart "could not
recall anything unusual" is indeed difficult to understand. Mrs. Stewarts signed
statement (Fig. 5) is definite proof that this was either a deliberate attempt to
distort the facts, a:o. unforgivable act of negligence. or else an extreme case of
ignorance.

(5) How the sergeants could make the statement that Mr. Grego or Lorain,
another witness, "was not available for interview", is even more pathetic in view of
the !act that the witness referred to in Mrs. Fitzgerald's summary to ATIC was
actually MRS. Greg.:l.
.
. (6) General Fisher's statement reads, "The weather at the time or the incident
was a misty rain with haze and smoke." The sergeants apparently discovered this
through th,e same mental process which led them to conclude that Mrs. Stewart
could remember seeing nothing. The weather at the time of the sighting. as described by the witness verbally and in writing in the Air Force' report form, was
not raini~?-g. There is no reason to suppose that th,.e witness was mistaken on this
point.
.
. As to .the. presence or Jimoke. this undoubtedly refers to the fact that the U.S.

4t

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Steel Company has a plant about .1 j miles SW or the house. U~ortunately. the. ser-
geants failed to check the wind direction at the time of the sighting. Had they done
ao they would have discovered that smoke from the steel plant could not have blown
toward the Fitzgerald house berore 4:00a.m. on September 21. It can be assumed.
however, that there was some haze during the sighting, but the effect this would
have on the viewing o! such a large object at a range of 10 to 50 feet is.not made
clear in General Fisher's Statement.
The statement concerning the weather not only has little foundation in fact. but
i s written in a manner calculated to discredit the sighting. It is somewhat surprising that the report does not also include accounts of tornadoes and blizzards converging over Sheffield Lake at the time of the sighting.

(7)The sergeants made several omissio_n s. indicating they_had little or no intenti~n or making an honest investigation of this sighting. (a) They did not make a
house to house check in the neighborhood for supplementary. evidence. (b) They
did not ask Mrs. Fitzgerald to make a 3-dimensional drawing of the object. The
sergeants showed almost no interest in the shape of the object, which actually
should have been the most important point in their entire report. (c) They showed
almost no interest in the motions o! the object, and relied upon a member of the
Committee to expWn the motions to them. Here again, the maneuvers of the object should have been the second most important point of the official report. (d) Mrs.
Fitzgerald was made to fill out the standard Air Force UFO reporting form. This
form was designed to report objects seen in the sky, no~ on the grqunci_ Mrs. Fitz.- .
gerald said that it was very difficult for her to convey in this report the idea that she .
had seen a large~ solid object moving in her front yard . The sergeants did not take
notes during their interview with Mrs. Fitzgerald; consequently. the report form
.must t?e the only of!icial record of her sighting.

The investigat!.o!l and analysis of this case by the u.s. Air Force is typical of
the treatment which has been given LTO reports over the past ten years. This case
has now become one or the 98. lo/o of all UFO reports which the Air Force terms as
"known".

The figure of 98.1~ was rele.ased on October 6, 1958 in news release number
986-58. T.h e release goes on to say. ' 1 Refinernents in investigative procedure have
resulted in a steady decline of unknowns." After studyi nK the Fitzgerald report it
should be manifestly clear what the Air Force means by refinements in investigative procedure".
.
In a letter to a member of the UFO Research Committee, General Fisher said,
"The Air Force is interested in the truth concerning reported sightings and is compelled to deal scientiiically and objectively with facts. We feel sure our analyses
and evaluations by qu.alif'ied scientific personnel of the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects are more than adequate."

This is an example of the duplicity which has characterized the Air Force treatment of the UFO problem.
.
The Committee believes that the complete disregard of !acts, which the Air Force
has consistently exhibited through the years wherever the UFO is concerned, should
be halted immediately. The public must be given the truth regarding the existence
of these objects. We suggest that others who similarly feel that the UFO problem
{s being gravely mishandled write their representatives in congress, and request an
investigation of the Air Force UFO project.
-. . ..... . ..
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SECTIONAL ELEVATION OF RESIDENCE

SHOWING APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF UFO
WHEN FIRST SIGHTED

U)

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T'\= ~~c

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!"

SIMILAR TRIANGLES METHOD OF ESTifAATING SIZE OF UFO

k

. THE WITNESS PICTURES THE UFO JN HIS IMAGINATION AS IT WAS IN A PLACE WHERE
THE DISTANCE FROM THE OBSERVER IS KNOWN. HE,:rHEN ESTIMATES THE DIAMETER
AT ARM'S LENGTH. BY A SIMPLE RATIO THE TRUE DIAMETER OF THE UFO IS FOUND.
. USING THIS METHOD THE DIAMETER OF THE OBJECT REPORTED BY MRS. FITZGERALD
WAS F'OUND' TO BE: ABOUT 22 FEET.

FIGURE 2

"'""'11 ~

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EAST DRIVE..

l'J.)'.C. ~~iT. L, RR ..
. , ~zo'-0'' .Sol'>TH

1.

-....-.,.--- ...... __ _

'

FLIGHT PATH OF UFO

a.R.

"R-1!5\D

I -

'

1 UFO FIRST APPEARS

1 TO 2;. LOSES ALTJTUDE
2 HOVERS MOTIONLESS
EMITS 'GAS'
2 TO 3 GAINS ALTITUDE
3 MAKES TWO TIGHT TURNS
RISES SWIFTLY

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LAKE
ERIE
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- ..

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LORAtN

SHEFFIELD LAKE

FITZGERALD RESIDENCE

DISTANCE(jl)Toe- 3. 22 MILES

DISTANCE~TO~- 0.67 MJI ES

MRS. G

. ~ MR:;.

s:

. FIGURE 4

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Mr. IAltY V. Er,vut

1002 .Ar:1cl! st..-eet

r.ev;purt Eeva, va

..
;

'

Your letter cl:l.tod 30 Wove!llber 1958 baa

been rete..'%'ed to l~jol' L. J. 'l'~~~ OU1ce
. ot Intax.-atiCD Ser.'icea1 United statea .A'r
Fwce
'
'lh1 s J.o--rq b:s no re~1b111ty SD

'

'
.

:oeS?'Jnsi'b", ity em is tbrt only ~ ot

~rr"r=""t qn"'l1ficd to BJ.A'"k 011 UP1)'a

t? ctte er u nide::ltiricd fl:yin3 ob~

'il'IIJ' Air Fc:ce bas been as::ds=d e:L.acutiw

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!P. D. ~ - cllftt,u. IS tle&o

. l/2i/59
.

Hr. Allen Dullea

Central Intelli 0 en~~

Washington. D.C.

'

Dear Mr. Dullea

i'he :tollow1:lg is - a letter sent to 7our Agenc7 liov. _19, 1958 1n

,.h1ch we han not rec.eived an cs:wer.

~ar Sirs;
.

We have ror~ed a group tor t~ investigation o~ the tly1Dg auoor . .

:rstery. Our objectives are ~o discover the true nature of the
objects which are being reported un4or tho name of 111'l71n& sau.cer11
a%ld 0 un1dent1.t1ed tl7~g objec.ti'!
. ..
!hrough Corespondenco with Captain x. J. Ruppelt. Uajor D. lteyhoo,
and members or tho ac1entitic panel. which atud.iod t23.a uto reports
. at TOUr req;ti~st 1n 19~, we have learned that 70ur Agency bas taken
.an act1vo interest 1D the uto picture. .
.

have not bee:t able to d.eterz:d:ae ezactl)' what 'fOur interest in

the uto mi~"" be. We want ' 'tO know 11' our act1v1.t1ea, 'Which .w~ll
includ: publ!cation of repor~s o~ ufos and possibly criticisms
ot the gove~:ent agencies =isha:adling tnem, w1ll _be contl1ct1Dg
tti ~h .t he nat!.o=.&.l secu:-1tr in allY wa,.. I.f ao, 1n which manner would
wo be under:~..,.-ng :security. 1rhen ufoa are not 11m1teci to the tTn1ted
s tates?
...
.. . ... . ... . .
. .

Please give ta the opinioll of the Central Intelligence Agency. For

an ans19er, do not forward 'tb.is letter to the A1r Force. y;e are .
ted up wi~ ~h~ir weasel ~orded explanations
- 60'

En4

Inclosed ia a report that was lnvest1gated 1D deta11 and 1s being _

distributed by our group because we ~eel that 1t 1s an e%cellent
example o~ ~e W&'J uto s1&ht1nsa are be1Dg mishandled b7 tho Air
Force.
..

ihe Air Pores has

ma~tained

that the,- are conducting a

ra1r~

honest, acd scientific investigation o: ~!o report~~ The inclosed

report proves that the AF investigation in this cnse .was not rair,
-honest, or sc1ent1t1c. In tact, the actions o:t the Air Technical
Intelligence Center's -~veatigator= become a case ot criminal
negligence.
.
.

Copies ot tbis report have also been eent to a number o~ congressmoD

1n hopes that an investigation into tao Air Foree ufo project will
be made~ Our group believes that only by congressional investigation or the ~to Air Force project will steps be taken to 1nsuro
a tnoroush and sc1ent1t1c investigation ot the reported pheDomena.

COJ:lt fd

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(2.)

Du?il .

We have sent the report to r1ous severnmental ageac1es. Some

have replied only to inform us that our charge has been turued to
the g tor comment and dotense. It is apparent that Major L Tacker
1a the mouth piece or public intormatioA relative to utos. It
1~r aho apoarent. no matter to who111 we ma1 venture to notU,- he
will: have
pat answer tor 0\U" charses. come hell or high water.

At gresent tho 0 atatea the two 1nveat1gatcrs werethorough and

competenta and ! complotel7 satisfied w1~ tho t1ndinga of tbo
investigators 1D ~1a oaae. Our report provea tho two investigators
were not thorough and .c ompetect the AI' implies. We 1n.tend to
push th!a poiDt to within the rel=s of recognition that a bogus
1:lvest1gat1on(m1ch 1a t,-p1cal concol'n!Ag tho public) was condu.c ted
to deliberatel7 cover up the t'acta.
. .

We believe that an informed people 1s a tree people. We are not

- beiag full~ in!or:ed, cocae~ue~tlr we are not a tree people.
~. Du+les: ,-cu ahould be able to .a nswer this and man7 more questions..
Yihat s-e.cret 1a held b7 only a tew men?. Is thia secret so dreadtul . _
and horribl~ that a veri tale d1c.t atorah1p has been ill~ti.tuted to
keep it? ~a condition is a catural to~ some Castroa. Is tbia
a.ccret ao e.arth abatter~s that tbe population muat not, under
aD7 c1rcu:$tances loar.a? 'lhy are the authorities determined to
maintain ~ attitude ot ridicule toward the exsistance ot various
apace crar-: .treq_uenting our atmosphere? Yihy don't they admit they

are real and .interplanetary? fhcre certainly exsists sufficient

circW!l~tanial and photographic e,4donce to support their reality

Thcto~

1s a!l alternative ~or the people that lose raith 1n their

respective ;ov.e rnm!ats tor the truth and leadership, and that is
.
to becoce tr~e thinkers a%r. their own 1n1tat1ve and not be harnessed
br alipper7 ~ _pJ:anation.s Gd deliberate lie.a: to cover up the truth.

..

. ..

'

It 1s obvious that serious 1nve&t1gat1ons are no longer needed

the authort1es already ~ave the answers they seek. It does not
aeem~tbat ~e ~ere koowledge or extra-terreat1al beipgs would panic
the world, but what would? Certainly the atoaa and hydrogen bomba
has not p~1c~ed the world nor will the 11th1~ bomb when it 1a
introduced. ~ust how would the utoa tbe:t

Truth 1.s like cancer, it spreads axzd imbeds 1tsel.t with little or
no hope ror it's victim. In tbis case the liars., are the victims.
.

Mr. Dulles~ we know the part ~e CIA is .delegated to pert'orm 1D

.tho u!o picture.

_i~e als ~- .~-u.~e.~.. ~- ..-~ P,arti_e s __1p:vc;>_v,l ed ~ . t.hc ..... ... .

eecroc7 su~rcunding ?lying saucers that .theJ come down trom

1 vor1 tow.er.s

\1o will expect an answer from

.- ... __... .
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tbe1~

1n one manner or another

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8 FEB f959

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:a 1!l l'C1'~ w

l"'!l= lt:ttn:r ot 2L J:Art:r:t 19"'.h 121 l'b1nb

~,., ~:!to:.~~.1a. ~~~ tJ.;1c~

..

~ al t.'le Bt!bjce~

to t!lla

~r!c'l;'!~:.t~~.! ~~1.~ ~;-:~.

:,~ q.u~ U-"1 e"..r':le !::t!.rT

:f-7..!

ot

h:x'Jv rl;)O l'CV'!eri the~ of

e:sel~ .

cr

~ ~o;::: lc't.~...r.:r ;;<t.'1l

aa1.7::cl ":rm~}<!::~Jot:G ~
:.lr-;l tb.: Gt~~ CJ~
'~""'';~H'l~'! ~1.!'~ ~..a, bw--u t-"V=r C!'.C.c:.;t
nr.:..t~' s::c:.~-iey, CDcl eec.~;tL--J.t,;r \b~"X:: 1nr~tas 1D b.~~no
Vit.:'\.'i-"' ;l r:~.::.c ~~ :r.t:.\i.. 't:-.. ~:...;.r.x: :J!~ ~..
&a) wen ~ 1::\CJ Q.

'7'"

"-o.71~;;c. ~

to

~~?.:'d:" -::~. n-~

e.-.
0"= l"'>.."":Or"'....:'..l

~ocll poii:.1 c ~:a;.:a:..

a~+rt1::CU ~

~ t~~;::;; t!.:A3 i:;~~4;. ~ $':CC t=n-:~ to w=1~1 ceet:::Lt:T,

0: e:;:e~ '\.'!"$ r-r.tt.."'.l cy W.:~m::r ~"ti~.u'ity to mar=

1:s y.:u u~~~iQ' ~

p.~.r~l

r ..waa ~t

oZ

F.J't>"~ ot:c i::i':-;..,o~1~l, t.;"'.! ~Ot'tJol :."\.:~:-~J4 t.'lo ~~t:::s!.Q1 ~ t.!lUe

\..-:!C :--' :..~..,: 'o:.LrrtrDl ~a::: ~~'t7 SA tho
1'Jf_, CCGclua1oo
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t.J: :t'o:..--cc tmcl tS..= 1:l t:sc ~
l:~- C."C.,ff:.,i!t. t:.Yl ::-a:~J:lblD ~ C!OS'I='rtne t:l~ GJC~ti~ i)':c:-d ~
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.((" Q

:tDD Date
.Mareh

..

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~959

,
f'olJQ111ng 1s tbe full text of an item vhicl:r. appeared il1 Osl.o

~e

1lFO 's OESERVED OvER KORWAY

Consez vativ. Af'tenmsten of 16 ~h 1959 (AM edition):

.... !

c~;-?~ ~, ~r. ~,___

Seve..""Bl. bri&}:rt obJects vere observed

1D the aq near JSersen by
. .
.

1everzl. pe_"""Sors em tbe evenin;

ot 12 March

liiZser storesuna, ot Storea md, near Bergen,

Ace~ to

tbare
.

. ..

were f'ive ot the br1gbt bodies, aJl ot vhich crosae4 the sk;r bm mrth
.
.
to so~..h. The first obJec:t,lhieh was tirst seen at 201.0 hours, took

about to.to

to cross the s!cy' am diapgear beneath the bori%on.

~1nutes

..
In

~ize e~ ~:itpeannce,

1t eouJd be cot:tpared to tbe Soviet sputnib.

Abcn:t ~"'n! :duutes later., obJe.c t nuz:'ber tvo appeared., later

to be

~ollcwed. ~

objects three.; e..,d tour em1

Accore-=~

f'i:ve~

to Storesm% 1 several ot' b1s neigh'boxa also aav the

obJects. ::0 sor:ad -,.-as to be heard tram the obJects.

'

Sto::-es-A s de;, vh1c:h usual l,y reacts to the presenc:e of' a1rc:ratt.,

]lflid :no

e.tt~t1cn.

The objects vere also observed 1n b1:cocuJ.ars

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71y1p.g S&ucers Seen Over

~en

"Eisht Pencms kv Fl.yina Saucer, stOekholm, Stoekholms-

llo leas '*aD ei;bt reliable persona obaez vc4 a "t~ ucer"
.

09er Stigsjoe, JJear .&.ernoesand (Vaeatemoulaad Prov.f.ucct) recentl;y

object e.ppro,.ched tbe observers

al~- frail

the south onr [Ielce]

I:e.rgsjoen at

&

8 meters iu <U,-meter1

a.nd surrounded by

':be object waa round~

height or a"b01%t 300 meten.

a lm1Dous

riz:~S

to

about two metera

!it-, under aide at t:le object emitted a reddish ~Ucvl1ght.

'Vide.

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1uc:1dent baa 'been reported to m111te.17 authorities

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, lS

1959

r.~.

. P.O.Eox 524-2

Akron 1) 1 Ohio

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Fred A. ltrseh
UFO aesearch Co~c1ttee

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In answer to ' yo~r le~ter ot 12 )~rch, I oun4 the.

.
Fitzg ~rald Report, uhich you sent ~e in D~ce~bar, interesting
reading 1 bu~ scarcelyJbozia r~r ch~rginc Air Force o!!~ciala
with caileasauce. Since the UFO Research Cor-:cittee cr
Akron subrlitted a rt!port ot the sighting to ATIC at ~,right
..
Field, the :acts are available for st.udy, and I do not

see ~hot oore inv~stigatlon you ~culd h~ve ~ho Air rorce

undert&ke. I~o b&n WS$ done t &."ld no clea~ threat or

har-.:1 -waa or is apparent.

. -

other!) sati~fnctorily fro~ interviews two ~~ks after

the eYent. It l'muld be ri'd iculot1s tq propose that e. teem
or exr.erts ln the i~lds of physics, psychology, ~eteorology.
engin~-.rinr. &nd railroadin~ be sent t~ !heffield Lake, Ohio,
to st.u:.ly these si&hting~ fro~ all possible anr,le.s.
.
and others

. . ..

th~t yo~

f'unda.-uentsl error ia in ovcrs1:.1pl1!ying

your explanations o co~r. : ex neturul pben~cna by ~ssuming.
a co:oon ca1:se v.i tha11t justifi ct1o:a. If )ou eay that
everything you cannot ~nd~rstnc1 is caused by greuins 1
then sre~lins are ever,r-herel And the Air Force would need
a !:il!Ch lartttr.. bl.".d~et to 1nve5t1c;ate every si~hting or
bearinl flr feelin.~ or a grl'..."t-11~1 . ... .
.:
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I have alread7 t~itten to you-and to teon Davidson

2C !eet in :ii&~ et~r as it i:; to &ay t.hftt. S]Ae saw

nc;thi:!g 1 or that ~ile st.~ ai~ply ti~e train headli&ht en
a ui!t. Certainly 1 I ,.o~d not expect a pair or ~ir Force
inve~t!enturs to be able t'J expln!.n her :Ji&htint; (&nd the

s~1.1.cer

-.

As a 6cient1st I ~ intcre~ted in une:plair.ed

pheno~ena, but the one- or nn~s responsible for ?-~s. Fitz. gerald' .s sigh tin& is or ~.:.r.e ~gd~ubttjily hit;hly cCK:.pl~x
It is ju5t as .f'als~ t.o say sil!lply that Ghe saw a !lying

...

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Fred A Kirsch

J~.

18 March 19S9

,
.
Scientists are workins tull.t1me to an~erstaa4 more
or nnture, but they ~~selr devote their errorts ~0 ph~no=ena

t.h&~t are &i:.pli!r and

eigl~tin6~
t.s ar as

better obs4!rvec! than !~~~. Fitz.e:eralcl's

I ca ~, 7ou bave collec~ecl t::os~ or the
evider.ce you could reasonably got in this case, but you

core ~o~ld be neceosary ror a

study or all possible causes
o wha~ ~as seen an~ heard on the morning or 2l Sept. 19Sd.
J;;as ther-e a mist? ~as there a to."!:pe~ature 1Dveraion? Hacl
i-'.rs. 1. nnd John been blinded by t.be light (to -1ve an
atter-i~:tf':.e on the retina)? Did the railroad use ar..y a~ec1al
. ec:ui~-:eut on th line that nis;ht? can a se&rcilliRht reElect
er.o~hh li(ht of v.indcws or low-lying clouda to account or
the- 111~-.!:inrati~a?..
.
.

. .

mu~t asr~e ~hat a gre~t deal

truly c~~~le~o 4nd obj~ctive

on~

The

o I

is

no~

~hat

on the Air Force or e to prove

~-

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'lnor&lton Page

TP:hd

"ilf

:'~

Youre sincerely,

...

no flyins &a\aeer tas ;::-resc:.t that ni~!\t; the cnus 1& on

you a:.d your ulu k.::jea.tch Co;Xt-r.it t-ee tc prove tnat t.nerc is
no ot.~~r cxrlaneatj on ct what !~(as eoer. ar.d hearct.

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J.!idf'iet.~,

Ccr.m.ecticut .

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letter 1a a =-~te::-41iece a!ld I v1Dh tb:t cu!Sr i1l

tas., l"':ttw:.t. ~...roiJ,;-:1'1 ot n.:;t~l:l uncezs C: )rrc.spocd=ce w 1Va4
Y~

t-,..-:.--"*'l t~ ~rJ ce;; ::e cL..-..:1-t:o-e=ttl ~pr::>::~ch that ~ h:E-M cl.xle

1n t-... ~ ~ ll!.tt.e.r. Ct! atll 1 e.ro bca~a. ~OlWl aa a d.tmtntstl-

'
t

u10

i"'~ s~lo, ~"'1~ ~;t:

wite =on this mttctr nn~ ::t a
CJ.....'ft~~ til:t 1D t..'la :"-~:I C f:Oiq to pl~:.e ~ )QI

I l:s're J~t ~v:.d a f!O:J1 ot ~~ letter or 1S Us:-c:b

to 1-ir. Fred A. Y..inch ~I t.ZJ;rec:iate ve....-.t mcb ~ kce.Pin;

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Cleveland, Tennessee
I
.lnne 19. 1959

Executive Rea

u~ssa6

Mr. Allen W. DW.lea

Ofiic:e
o!the Director

Central Intelligence Agency

Washi~gt9n, D. C

Dear Mr. Dullea:

..

I have aent you this book

because I think .it contains
.
information which is of para:nent importance. Dbreguarding the
title of the book, I know that UFO investigation is of pr"i:ma.ry
concern to the Air Force, please read chapter XI 'Antarctica ..
page.s 160-176. Please read page 169 with.particular care, that
is the most important
page of an

..

..

I think that the CIA should interview the Mr. Hugh A.

Brown o! Douglaston, Long bland mentioned in
book, and 1
it thinks his theory h correct should try to help him get the
action he want so desperately.

the

'

Thia concerns something which of far ireater importance

than any more international tentions, but something which could
bring immediate disaster to allli!e on this pla.net

The first sentence ol the chapter reads, Tbis may have .

nothing to do with Flying Saucers." That should be keep in mind
because I did not send you the hook because ol ~ts general con
t tents but because of the contents o chapter XI exclusively

I believe that the extended cycle referred to on pages

169-170 is caused beoeause the ear't h 1 s equalo~:ial bulge is greater
than in previous cycles.

Please return the book when you are through with it

'

Sin,erely,

..

I Cieorge P. Wyllie

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2 JUL1959

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Dear Mr'. lt':fl 11 e s

1'e=e.

ecorse

Patrlck 'Wyl.lJ.a
863 E"'rlD Awme, ll.V.
Cle-ntlem,

)t:',

. *" AJl&m V. DnlJ ea ~8: 1'84 the book,

":rh=y Ea.w !1\>0

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Attacl=:eaut:
Book

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.863 Harle Ave., N. W.

Cleveland., Tennessee
August 3, 1959

Exec. Registry
11-6713

'
.

. Mr. Allen W. Dulles

Central Intelligence Agency
Washington 25, D. C.

Dear Mr. Dulles:

Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushche~ wUl be in Washington.

D;. C. for two or three days in September\ You will recall
.
that I brought the Hugh~- BrC?wn theory on the Antarctic ice cap.
to your attention in June. and .sa.id that the Central Inte:Digence
Agency should interview ~!r. Brown and 1 it thought his theory
was correct sbo1:ld try to get him the help that be needa.

Since this is a subject of peculiar nature and o concern

to the whole world, I believe that if _the CIA has interviewed
Mr. Bro\\-n and does believe his theory is co~rect, that the CIA
should in!orm Premier Khruschchev of the Brown theory while
he is in Washington. D. C. and give him a copy o the ~rown
TT"neory
for Russian scientists to study.

. .

Sincerely yours,

I Oeorge Patrick Wyllie

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At 2z'O a.m., an the 21st or September, 19~, I waa

awakened by a light flooding .in my vindov. At first I
thought tnat the eun had risen, bui looking at the clock
. ,
conineed me that so lilt thing vas vrong
I vent to the vindov and sav a round red object aPparently several times bigger than the moon. It had no
markings &~d did not look lik~ the moon. At the top ot
the object vas a hump" or protrusion which had the same
unif'orm color or the main body. There ,as no marking
separating the hump !rom the rest or the bodJ. At first I
thought that I vas viewing the moon under strange conditions,
ao I called to my husband to co=e eee the object. Be
looked a.t itp- but. vaa .umble to iden~ify 1~"!
About five minutes Iater rlooked tor the objeotagain
aDd found t~t it had &iifted position 1n a westerly 41rec~ion.
When the object vas first in sight it was 1n the VSW eky,

'

_ a~out

40 degrees elevation.

Later I estimated the size of the object as being

about 2 inches in diameter at a distance fro~ mJ eye of
14 inches.
.
On October 4, 1958, I ~as visited by Sgt. Rof and

Sgt. Haistan from the Air Force Intelligence de~artment.

I repeated the account of my experience as written above.
!he sergeants talked to me about the sighting for about
ten minutes. !her vere going to have me !111 out a report
form, tut then decided agai.n st it. . .

206 Washington Ave

LoraiD, Ohio

Mra. Jack T. Stewart

11 --,

. .

MRS. J. T. STEWARTs STATEMENT CONCERNING SEPT. 21 SIGHTING

FIGURE' 5

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Science l-2

Rev. 6 Oct. 1959

,.

Projec~

1 : Flying Saucers?
.

Qyestions:

(a
(be
(

Are lying saucers "real'-'?

What physical phenomena are involved?
On what basis can their reality be discussed?

Menzel., D. H~: "Flying Saucers" (required)

..
Kehoe, D. E.: "Flying Saucers from OuteT Space", 1~53
Ruppelt, E. J.: "The Report on Unidentified Flying
Objects 11 ~Doubleday, 1956)
.

Michel, Aime . "Flying Saueers and the Straight-Line

l4ystery''", l Criterion, 1958)

~ehel, Aimi: '~he Truth about Flying Saucers" (1950)

Leslie, Desmond: "Flying Saucers Have Landedn (195))
(Other popular books and articles)

Readings:

An essay or about 3000 words an~1ering all three questions.

Each student will give a 10-min. report on his study
t.o a m~et.in& of the group.
0

. Re~~ired:
0

Observatory

.Instructor: Pro!.
Page
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Lit:it:

20

Readir..g

studen~s

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. I waa very t:te:reated lD your letter ol November 19th

regarding tho !rreshma.D papeZ'S on the sul:Jject of UFO' I
haw c:hee.'ced with my ?eople here who have follo\Vecl thb subject
and they would be very much b~erested iD haviag a cha.nce to .
look these pape~ over. I am DOt :Lt au
what we conl cl
.
ulti~atcly do with them and, in nny case, l would usgest that .
U you mentioe the parers bei:g sent to Washington. you not

lde...tlfy the agency. but simply indicate that they are bema
~er...ewed by a part of the uatiocal de!euee eatablbhment.
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D~.

1 424 33rJ! Stzoeet, N. w

aahf..s?.tJtoD 1. D. C

. 2 !> t:OV 1959

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Dr-. 'IhorntOD Page

Do?a.rtment ot Astronomy
Wealeyan University
).lid.dletovns. Comaoctlcu.t
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..t..!ter we have had a chanc~ to the papera 1 will
W7ite you f'urt..'ler co:cerning them. Thank very much !or
hrU:i!:lg thla matter to my atteAticm.
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S~cerely,

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WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY

MIDDLETOWN. CONNECTICUT

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VAN VLECK 08SKRVATORY

~a~

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Strong: .
I am enclosing

"-

Mr. Philip G. Strong

1~2li
JJrd Street, N. W.
WashiDgton 7. D~ C.-~

. 30 November 1959

DIPAKTM!NT Ofl ASTtONOMV

.~

~ of

the better essays

written by students of our Science 1-2 course (for

freshmen not majoring in science) who elected to work
for two weeks on an independent reading project concerning. !lying saucers.

or

eighteen who wrote on this topic, four

. concluded that flying saucers are "real" in the common
sense of that term 6 six left the .conclusion in doubt~
and eight concluded that they were not "realft. As .I
mentioned in my let~er of 19 November, the reasoning
of these intellige~~ young men may be significant

Two of t~e best papers in the last group are

not ...~clo~ed;
they
are
being
reproduced
in a student
pub J.~c:a-i
... on.
.
.

I would like to . get the papers back when you

. are finished \d.th t.heo~ with whatever eommen:t you wish
to cake. The students have simply been told that some
o my friends in ~he Air Force were interested in Seeing their work; they do not expect any public acclatm!
Thanks or your interest.

Sincerely.

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'thornton Page

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424. 33rd Street. N. W

aahlAgton. D. C.
JO December 1959 .

Dr. Thornton Page

Depa.z t meat of Astronomy
Weslayan Un!veralty
Mic!t!letowu, Cormec:ticut

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Dear Dr. . P~ge:.

&no!\,

of t=e !ou

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~~~r. Stl"OD!~absen~e l should like to acknowledge rec~lpt

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en eaaay which you ao kindly aent to htm.

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le!t lnst.ruc:ticma on the material and we ehaU

our comme;ata as aoom aa poaaible.

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Sincerely.

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~tee

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

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lJepat;J .ba1ata:ra:t. mrector, Collect10D1 SI

: Cb'et, A:ppU.e4 SC1sce D1:v1s1CDJ S1

bON

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ue eubmittecl-tor

2. bA

70Q' sm:~a:

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atl)!c~ pipln ere iD :Je:v" n~pecta !Dtenllt'n;

a4
a:or.. at ;b nt:tlKt a !10114 inteJ lectmv
to
tbe
evlrna. 'lhe :pro'bJ a apparen~
a 8t1=ul a'ti:aa one, ez:4
esper.tall~ suitable for. e=rc1D1Ds tha nti<Z'al pown of mna

both 7cm..a

..;

u4 " " !: n:p~ 'to ~ Pe.p. 9w ~ p;pen an

ntu:asaa. barevitJ&.

..

1. ,.. tono-r.t:s

Ma

ot

ol4. Mclat

t~e

ett.:S:mts hue clc::e a

soo4 ~ob

z'

:lA

sa~'tiDS subject~:n neva tl'Cl objective n~.

ais:":'!=m't tlla~ DO essan't1alJ7 Aew eubatat1at1tt8 et14zu;e

ce.,;e4

r!ea

tn1a

e:z:ocS.

z. I:ov

ZDc~o51:e1:

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.. .A i!:~C~QG m '.tbalctte%" Of 10 Decerobe~ to yOG hom

my eecretuy, t.'te fourteeD essays by yo&a freshmen atadqta
were passed oD to t.be people b:a my ahop who have beezs
follolli:1g the aubjeC'l ol1lying .eauce:ra. 1 also halva z:cme ..
th--ough some o! the-, ra~llor- ~uiosOI'Uy. We are net paIAI
o:a co:nmem1 on in'ivldual elsaya, bm I 'WO''ld like to aay that
"-":have !ouncl the ~pera exU"emelylntoretiDg. l.~ot of thozza
rc!le::t a solid intellcch:al atteznpt to eYaluate the evidK ancl
cer.~Wy do great c:-edit to yo\11" group. The problem ltelf
ap,?iTa!ltly remain5 a ve_l"T e&btmlatm: ona nci one that is .
e:a?eeia1ly suit~blo for exercbin& the htlonal power cf mma
b~li yolmg acd ol~ Most ot the st'Cldcnta ha'V'8 de= a good job
1a separ~ting aubjective vie\\., from objective reportl.:sg. It la
lntere.etmg th~t witl2 a reab. azsc! e2Mrgedc IJl'CUp iDYOl~-eci 110
eaee:tially DeW 5QetantiatL~ poeitiona emerged !:oom tba
..

exo!':uae.

'

=
It v:as very goocl of you to paaa theae oc to us. It baa bcell
etl.:::mhti:!g too~ people to eee thla harried problem Ylewe4
eg:: l=3 t!lro":h new eye. Kmdet re:;arcla.

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-Enclosure:
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1-4 Essay~ (w/orlg only)

Distri ution: 2 .. fwd 1 - ASD
PGS:l . 9 Jan 60)

a'lealeyan Unive2"aity
. Middloto wa, CoMec:ttcu:
. ..

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Dr. l"homtea Page

Depart.mellt of Asao=omy

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fDD Note

17 14arch 196o

.II" 7

~ full

text, vith the exception t4 the r1ual paragxph, or an

8 or th~ 8 Ma~h
l$6o
issue of the Stockbolm
.
.
is given beloll. ne e.rticlel whic:h vaa eut1tle4:

articl.e o!l pges 1 and

.

4a~, D_!lgens Nybet7r,

"Light 1n Slq

~otogxaph

:rew

Sate1lite, Experts :Believe", was acc~n1e4 by a .

or the tvo u".FO~'"s sig."'lted by Esse Jansson :t~.ei%ticmed 1n the

article.

-:he

luminous object which was observed shortly atter 2000

bonrs on 6 V..arc:h ey the crew or the Sunc sval.l

[~o~r-ish ai:rl1 70 e],

pla~

ot

LiuJe~

-as, judging ~em aU the circUmstances, a

..

h1~!'to nn1d~ti!'ied

satel J 1te.

The

ot light vas also

}101nt

Obse=ved frCXi1 the o.bservator,' in Saltsjo~baaen

'I mfMle the discovery Just before. the obJect disappeared

.. bel.crJ the nol'tli.,est horizon, states Docent Gunnar Larsson-Leaa:ier
hres\~=ably o~ the cbs~rvatory].

It seemed to be a satellite and

~ sure t~t

it vas DOt a aboot!Ag tar O!-" meteor.'

.

~o ~n1dent1t1ed

~ere o~aezved

tlyiug obJects

and pbotogi&pbed

em 'th!! li:Ol"tt:!r:; ct' 6 J.!arch by pbotopapher Esse Jansson o~ Borrta~

'~'!" ~~- :..! iie

r..ates

tb~t

he bad

~one

ear~

out into a t1el4

1D th!' morn!rss to

1960

photogruph tb un1dent1f'1ed satellite,

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Alpha, vhich vaa expected

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to pas the Stockholm latitUde 1n a souther~ direction. about

.

0525 hours. Betveen 0515 and 0521 hours he observed tvo obJects

80Utbeaster~

v!dch eeme . tram tbe DOrtb and were III.OV':lq iD a

4:trec:t:lon. ~eir movement vas 11ov but otherwise 1Dit1a,lly

'ftS

Dot

entire~ unlike. that of the satellites be bac1 seen before

~w!!nly1 bovever1 tbe 41re~:ton of movement

&114 the o'b-

3ects tu:ned aucb tbat the)" vere go:ll2g back in the same c11rect1ou

cue trca. On one of h:ls plates he even caught a thircl la-

tbq

..

uous obJect o'f the same k:I.M.

"'t

bas Dot' beeD possible to aeterm!:ae vhether tbe Obser V&t1oU

It can be ac!aecl, ~ever.,

is parel,- aucptice.lillus:lon or not.

tbat a resident

or 3ro1W"'1 Tborsten Jlaakansson, reports that

between 0528 and 0543 hours on 6 Marc:b be eav the eo--called phaDtom

.a.te,'1~e 1

1960 Al:;;ha,

c: th~ vest.
pcullar~

Bu~ in

with binoculars tbrough a window ftc~

his case also the satellite moved a ll.ttle

'I observed

as seen from the observer s location:

'tbe satellite in tbe north-northwest and it vas mov:tng1U a

bo.-1zontal

41re~:lon

(but) then it went straight down at a

.
!~

sighting b7 the crew of the Sund.svaU-bound a1rplee. mentio:aea.

'W'U or1g1=~-

a'bove

o~

reported iD pagens Nyh..eter

I.Jarch~

pap

91 under

--.-: 'tbe

'
.

~~tl.~ "l~ov:l:ao

text

o~

~he

Light Phenomenon Is Believea to Be Satellite".

tbat article follows.

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According to a radio repo~ to Midlanda A:l1port ~uts~e

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SWllavaU, au unidentified luminous object, probabq a aatel11te8

vaa sighted tram one of Linjefqg' 1 regular planes en route :tram

Stockholm to Suttasvau.

lkurit~

A1r Captain

Linje~s a

Bamrin, captain -ot

regular

eveniz:lg plane to Sundsvall, 1aid late iD the eveu1Pg o~ 6 )farch

that 1 'It was

~ust

after 2000 hours Svedish time tbat Copilot

JC.1eU Fem reported a bright luminous object

a senerall1' north-

OD

-westerly eouzose.' Ee [Ramrin] tl:d.Dks tbat there 1a bardq a:oy great

c!oubt that 1t was sc:e tom ot satellite.

Light

pbe~~ena ~h1cb

~o

also been observed over Stoekbol:m.

boom I!dingoe tbst on

may originate from a satellite have

.

It vas reported to Dagens Nyheter_.

evenings in succession a movi.J2g point ot .

ligbt bad been ebse...'""Ved at 2230 hc:iurs in a aoutb-aouth~ester~

d1-~ct1on

and

15

horizon.~

to 20 degrees above the

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IMMEDIATE BEI:tAAE

110. 812-6<>
axtord 75131

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FACT SBEEtr
AIR FORCE UFO REPORJ:~~

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A total. or 173 sightings of upidentitied flying obJects or aerial

}lhenomena we:re reported to the USAF during the ~riod 1 J~
30 June 1960.
Ot these 173 cases 139 have been nl)'%ed and 34 are pencUng.

to

or th: 139

c-:ses .:n~ed 51 were c::.tegor1zed "Insuf't1c1ent Evidence."

. ot tbeae 51 c::::ses 37 vere so c::.tegor1zed because there vere 110 :ldditio:ml
witnesses. It is tbe Air Foree policy to. ::::.ttempt to determine the prob::.bl.e
c.:lUI'! ot these sightings.. Rovever in keeping Vitb good sc:ienti.fie pro.ct.ic:ea
the,- a.re c:ltegorized for st::::.t1st1~l purpose is Q.S "insufficient e_Vidence .: To
stve tull credit to :these pc.rticul:-:r sigbtings would be camp:l.roble to ncceptin& .
c.s tact the results of :m expe:-hrent which wn.s conducted only once

s:me

~his
A1 r Force ~ 175.
Pbrce c.fter ~be end

Imi.ng

period rer 1959 the number or sigbtings reported to the

Due to the fc.c:t tb:lt several. reports usuo.ll y re::1cb the Air .
ot tl period., it 1s so.!:! to e.ssume thlt the 1 J::n - 30 June

period of 1960 "Will slightly exceed th:lt of 1959 Hovever,. the 173 co.ses tor
tbe :f'1rst b .. ,,.. o:r 1960 represe::ts c. slight d.ecrea.se from the 139 c:a.sea r eported to th!: .U:' :Force ror t:bf> period l July through 31 December 1959

nn-ing t~ ~riod ~ this report there vere 41 c:1ses reported tx'Oilll t'ore1gn
countries. T;;e :c:cjority ot these s1gbt1ngs took pl:lce in the bc1t1c and F:l.r

kst

Cl'e:l.

It ls c.ppcire:ot th:lt the public ls toiung the reporting of unidentified

llerinl phenome::l:l core seriously. J).U'ing this reporting period there v:1s only
one 1nsta.nc:e ~ an o.ctu:ll hns.. x.

The mo~hs

ot April ond June 1960 sbov n :f':U.rl.y ]:1-rse pereentcige of a.atro-

nand c:a a1gh':i:J6s. These lorge percenbges cnz1 be :Lttnbuted to the excessive
meteor ::.c:t1v1.ty in April rt1d to the p:-oximity or Jupiter 1n June.
Its nea.rness resulted 1:1 :m ::.pp.. re:It brightness gxe:Lter tlwl t~t ot ~ at~ of' -2.0
m~1 tude :-ond the l'lonet c.lso ::.ppeo.red unUsuc.ll.y ln.rse.

When <::ltegorizing .i1gbt1Dgs o:r un1 dentined ner1n.l. phenomellll the Ail" Fon:e
o.t~e:ytS ~~ ~: so pri~rily by assoei~t~o~ to :L res~nsible objeet. If the
plD.net Venus W:ls detercined to ho.ve been the subject ot n report tbe ca.se is
c:l.tegorlzed :lS :n :lltrcnO!:lic::ll sigbtin8. It should be noted tho.t in most
1nstnnces the condition under vbic:h :1.:1 object is seen is the real. cauae of tb.e
sighting ~d not the object itself'. An 'ex:uap1e ot this vould be a. at:l.r or
plwt seen lov on the horizon vi th the essoei.c.ted re!'r:1ct1on end dirtr.lction
patterns. This brings to point the seeond~ry method o~ e~tegori~ing sightinas.
In acme in&t~nces the evidence in ~ c~se vill indicate the prob:Lble ~use ns a.
r~lection,
etc:., but tbe responsible obJect
~y not be. a.s tr:lCea.ble a.s a.
.
.

MORE

.....

-...

~,~------------------. .. .

..''

. ..

-.. .

~-

.. .

--- - -- -- .--

~
or atM-.
probo.bl)' c:wse.

'

~st:mc:es
035ea nre c:.te~a ~co~
A third method is the ca.tegorizing of thoS: cGs:~~nc.t::l.=
In Qse

to

tile

cleterm1ned to be 1llu:J1ons, proba.bly resulting tram ov!: a.c 1 ~, '111'1nto the

t:~nruly these ca.s'!s are one vitness s1gbtiJ28S o.ml ulti_.tely f';J..;:~
"iaeutficient evidence" C4tegory.
~

'

>

--

a1sht1Dss vhich ~ clue to the rt-..t

..... o r st:~.rtl 171
'l.'IP;re are still m:my
--~
mtuml obJects tor tbe first tiN; i.e., fireb:.U type Jlll!i;eora. In 1110a~ ot
these inst:mc:es tbe object itself, coupled with the relAtive inexperience ot
tbe V1tz:Jess 1 is tba ~sul.t~ c::::.use of the s1ght1DI
.~..

It is s1gn1fic~t t~ note the c.a~pt~t1on of the public to the sa.tel11te

er:1 at the apace age o.s evidenced by only one a:1telli te ~ina reported c.a :m
mo during tbis period. Ttie one s::.tell1te reported wns tlfe attlrtl1ng re-entry
ot the Disc:overer VIII on 7 l-brch 1960.

.

To d:tte no report of nnide~t1f'1ed aerio.l pbenome~ sc~ DZJY 1ndiot1~ of

~ ~t to the security of tbe t.'nited Sta.tea, nor were there 1nd1c=t1ons tb:t
tbese phena:e:::. vere other tb.~ n:l.tur~

oro Report Evul~t1on .. by C<ltegory .md Per~!nto.ge Bl'ecltd~ ..

l. J!"m~r:r 1960 - 30 J'\JM

AatroiiDm' col

. 52
:y

_. ~ .: -..

Airer-Jt
:BQlloon

':
..

.
Other ( 3:L._.;;....s , ho.'" xes , seOlr"".J:I.
llghts, etc:.)
&te111tes (Re-entr:r or
Discoverer VIII)

*Insuffic!e~t ~~

1960
37.u
. 5.~

'

~.31

6
51

36.70

19

1J.61

-~

Un1 denti..~ed

12

173

.'

1 .,
~

*This c~tegory includes -37 s1ght1Dgs (21.~) reported by_indivJ.dmls :md

in ea.cb case ~ere vere no su:pporting witness :md no Cldd1t1on:J 1n.form:lt1on or_
~s :lV:UlAble to o.llov c
d s.c :ient!tic evaJ.lntion a!' th= sig!lti.ng. Sigbt'DP of tbis ~:.tcre must be d1seounted beeoose ot c. totru. lack of supportina
d:rtB. This 1n e.f'fect reduees the tobl number ot c:lses for the period to only
136 vith 102 of these evo:U.~ted to &!.te. In the ccse ~ tbe otber 14 sigbtings
1D the 1nsu:f"t1~1ent cbtn c::tegory~ nddtion~ witnesses corobr:lted V1th sightings
but did not provide sufi'ic:ieat cbto. to :11 ~ ~ a. v:llid conclusion. Percentages
Q1"e stn:tight m:.t'!le:ntic::U cCDputo.tions c0rr!ed out to only two pl::Leea 'ba.sed upon
tot~ ond sub tot.:ls . 9r c:.tegories. Tbere:fore- when worked 1D reverse they will
. DOt renect the ex~ct OrigiD::tJ. totol. Or sub tota.l.
. .. , . . . ~ ' .
,

v::,

...

'

UFO c~ses or tiles ~ not closed and should o.dd1t1onal intotmetion be obtained Qt o. l::1ter cbte, it co.n result in a. solved ccae omd/or my ch:l.nge the
c:1tesory preViously ::1ssi~ed to the individuo.l 1ght1na (o..:~ in the eo.!le of' a
previoUGl;y \!111C!.ent1fied co.se being c~d to the n.ircro.tt category). Tbis
.
open o.nd policy on ell UFO files results in minor eh~es f'rot:l time to time 1n
UFO cCltecory st~tisties. This o.lso applies to' ind1Viclu:1l reports subnitted
a.fter the to.c:t. Th~se continuing inputs ~c:count for ~di tion::1l minor ch:::.nges
pcriodic:llly Vhich, Of course 1 ;Lre DOt Consistent Vi th previously relenaed
1'1S:btett.

'-2-

...

.. .

..

'

. .. .
~

.
~

~ 1

1~7 :u-e

'The toto.l_ tnaber of': sigbtinas reported to the United Sto.te:s Air Force since
:la

follows:

cmTE~S SICRrED

n:AR

1947
1943
1949

'79

169
-~~~1.501.

1,25

1954
1955
1956
1957

1129

.
...,

778

1958

1960

121

1953 .

1959

186

1951
1952

~~3

1950 .

AND REPORTED

ll78

. 573

..

' ... , . .!

361. .

(through 30 J,:t'3e)

..

6~~
1.nvest1g:tt1on, :m"llyeis nnd ev:Uu:ltion procedures =ve improved

Report1D.&,
considero.ble si.Dce the first sighting of unideatitied';f'lyi.ng object Y.lS mde on
21 June 1947. Tbe study :md .. nr"~Jysis of r~ported 81$ht1ags o'f UFO'S is conducted by :1. ~elected . sc1.ent1t1c &I"OUP under the supemsian o'f tbe Air F orce.
'

Dr. J. Allen B;ynelt., Beo.d or the DepQrtment ot AstronotllJ' ond Director ot tha
Obse~to17 :.t Northwestern Vd. v.raity ~ is tbe Chief, Scientific Consul:tm:rt
to tbe Air Force OD tbe subject of Unidentified Flying Objects

.
.'

seleete~,

qu."llified s::ientiats, engineers, ::md other personnel in~ved 1o ~~~ ~n~lyses ere c:m~etely obJective ned open minded al the sUbject
ot UFO's. T'-~y ~pply scien-4;1...~c methods of exonin:ltion to :Vl c:u.es 1n re::tehinc
their concl"::s'- ems. The ~tte:pted 1dent1f1c.::.tion ot the phenomenon observed
aener~1ly ~ be derived f'!'C: htmt:"tl impressions end 1nterpretc.t1ons because
scientific f!evic:es or l:le~nts ore not o.vo.il.c.ble. '1'be d:lta in the- aightinp
reported ::u-e e.,":ost 1D~1c.1lly aubject1ve in ~nture. However, no report is considered nnsu.1t~le for study .rod categor1Z!lt1on.
'1'be

"Gener:l. e:.tegor1e s of i~ent 11'1 co.t1on are b:ll loons 1 nircrtlft 1 nstronomic:ll 1
otber, inauti'icient dc.t:l., ctell1tes I!Dd unidentif'1ed.

Approrln:tely 4.000 'b-.. lloons ni-e rele:u.ed 1n the U. s. every d:J.y. !'here ere
two generol ty,es of' bn.lloons: ve:ltber bn.lloons :md upper cir reaec.rc:h balloons.
'Bo.lloons will r....:ry fro:n t)'Pes 4 teet in dinmeter to ln.rge types 200 teet in
cU.ameter. ~e :=tljority rele~sed o.t night corry running l.igbts 1!h1ch on.en
eontribute to veird. or ~~ o.ppe::u-....nces when observed o.t night~ 'l.'b1 s :U.so
bold true whee observed ne~ dnw or sunset bec:1use or the effect or the sl:""nt
rc.ya ot the sun upon the 'txllloon . aurfo.cea. '!he lo.rge "b.?.lloons, 1: c=ugbt in jet
stre:t.z:!s 1 ::~7 ::.sS"=~ :. ::e:.r horl:.ont:U. positio:1 wr.en partially 1afhted 1 o.nd .12:0ve
with speeds of over 200 l.fPK. L."U"ge t)-pes m:1y be observed no.ttened on top. The
ertect ot the l.n.tter tvo ~nditions cnn be &t:lrt.llng even to experienced pilots

'

Mmy modern o.1rcr-...tt, p~ieul:u-ly swept N:Jd. delt:l viDB types, 'mder rulverse weo.tber :md siehting eond1 tiona :u-e reported o.s unusu.tll. objects o.nd/or
"nying &:lucers." l-lbea observed o.t high alti!\ldes, reflecting sunlight of

their surf~ees, or when only their .jet exh.:.usts are visible :lt nigbt, nirer-f't
con .bo.ve o.ppe~ces r~ging trom disc to l"'cltet in shnpe. Sinsle Jet ba:ixrs

-3'-

MORE

... ..

..

'

...

.
!

mvins multi-jet pods under their

avept-~

vi.ngs -kl.ve been reported ~ UFOs

or )saucers" 111 "V" 1'o:na:1tion. Vo.por tra.ils will otten o.ppea.r to sJ,ov with .
1'1eey red or or:".:nge atre:lks vhen rene~~ aunl1 ght. A1"ter burnez: ere
b equently reported :LI \Jli'Oa_.

.

Tbe c.atrcnom1 co.l c:a.tegory 1nc:luCles 'bii:ght stn-rs, plrnets, COIJieta, meteors,
end otber celest1ol bodies. 'When observed: througb.. ht:ze, light :tog,. or JDOVing
clouds, the pl:mets Venus, lbrs, o.nd J'upiter ho:ve o.~en been repc)rted a.s UDconventionol, aoV'UJ6 objects. Attempts to observe astronomica.l ~es through
boca-held binoeul.t\ra under o.dverae aey conditions ha.ve. been a ~of ll!t'UlY

mo reports.

.1

The "otber" =tegoey inclwlea renectiona, searchlights, birds, kites,

blimps 1 clot:ds, aun-dogs, 1J.PU,rious ~ 1nd1ca.t1ol:241 bo:lXes, :r1.revork displ:lys, :tl:l.-es, fireballs, . ice c:ryst:::Us,'bolides 1 etc., _c.s examples: ln:rge
Crmru"ia.n geese rly1ng low over C. city o.t night with street lights renecting
.ott their bodiesj ae3rchligbt& plA~ on sc.::r.ttered clouds, appeo.riJ:lg a.a moving .
41ac:-11ke ahei.p:es.
.L

,.

.:

. Tbe 1nsu:N'1cient ~to. c~:te&a:-y includes oJ 1 sighting& where essmt1a.l ~or . . ...
pert1nen-: ite::s of info~tion :J.re. m1ssing 1 making it impossible to torm a. .- . ;

VDlid conclusion.. 'l'hese inck:!e corroborotion ot tbe sighting by tUl ndditioix\1'

vitnesa; descrilJtion ot' tm! size,. sbD.pe or color o:r the obJect; direction end:'
altitude; e~c:t ttcie :md loc~tion; Wind ve.a.ther c:onditi.Ons, etc. This c01tegory.
is not used c.s a convenient 1Jr:.-7 to aet rid of whit might be rerened t.o as

1
'unident1.t1e: objects .. Bowe-..-,r,
. it' there is not en additioncl Vitness or it."'...
.
the &lta. re~ived is insufticl~:lt or unrelo.ted, the Dm\lysts must then plo.ce
tbm: pa.rtic:c"~"r report in this co.tegor)
The Air Foree needs ccaplete informtion to re~b a. vnlid. conclt!sion. ~r Force o1'f1c1al.s stressed the fact tlmt
em observer s=.ocld send 3 co:?lete -report cf ~ bona. fide si;hti.ng to the ne~pt.
Air Force ~inty. There 'th~ re,ort_. ldll-be prawptly forwrded to the propel'
office tor !"'z:t'l!lysis l!nd evoJ::.::::ion. : . ' . . .:
If'
-c.=

.... ., .. .
"A a1ght..,..,..g is considered unidentified
or unexplo~ned vben a report ap.
porently co~tr-!.ns ~n the pertinent .d.a.to. necessa.ey to nomrslly suggest Gt lec.st .:
one: va.lid hy;ot~esis on the ~use or explMation ot tb.e sighting but vhen the
. ..
description of t!le object and ita moneuvera cannot be corzel.o.ted with nny known
object or pbe::-t 11 tenon. .
..
.
. .

..c-~

.
t

...

.
,
releo.sed in October 1955, the
~

In its hoject Blue :sock _Special. Report #1~,

Air Force sl:wed tha.t ew.J.u:1ted sightings in the unidentified co.tegoey baa-:lieen
reduced to 3 percent o.t tb:.t time.
.. ; .
.
(
.

l
.
.
.
t1nidentU1ed sightings ~ been 9 pe~ent in 1953. a:ad 1954 o.nd in -:-previous
,ea.ra unidet%ti.f1ed sisat" ngs br--d run e.s bish a.& 20 pereeDt. Project m.ue Book .
Spec:inl Report ~14, covered UFO investigo.tioc.s 1"l:om June 1947 to l-ily 19'55Since th::J.t ti::e_, Air Force sUl.ti&tics shov t~e percenta.ce of 'tn1 denti:fied
'
-:-a1gbti.ngs lm.s been reduced to c.::pprox1Mtely 2 per.c ent.
".

....

- ~

Air !brce conclusions tor ~-the thi rtee.n yetlrs o:t UFO s1 ght ings involving
over 6,500 reports ore: first, there is no evidence th:l.t unidentified sic;htinSS
vere inimico.l or hostile; second" there 1a DO evi.dence th:lt unidel:ltU'ied aigbt1ngs 'Were inte~lc.nc:t:::.%7 spo.ce ships; third, there is ~o evidence th:l.t these
unidentifie~ siebtir~s represented technoloaical developments
princilea
outside the ranee of our present day sc1entit1c know1edae; f"oui-tb, there is DO
evidence t~t these u.~dentif'ied sightings are ' n threo.t to the aec:urity or the

or

.-

MORE

. ...

.. . . .

.....-

- ..

-.

- ~-

..

r .. - - - -.. . . -- .

.. .

'

count17; :me! t1nn]ly, DO physico.l or mterioJ. evidence, DOt - ~n :1 minute 1"ro.i ment ot a. ao-c:oJ led "tl.yi.Dg smcer" or BJ.XlC8 ahip bt\s evern been tOUDd

1'be Air Force empb3sized the belie! tho.t 1t more imznedillte det:dlec! obJective obserw.t10Dal. cbt:l eould =.ve been obta:imd on the unid.entitie.i or umxplo.ined s1ght1n;s, these, too, would b3ve been expl.ained B:ltistnctorUy:

~e Air Force, usipd the responsibility fof the A1r Defense ot the .
lJt:lited $'btes 1 vill COntinue tO 1Jlveatig:l.te all reportS Of umlSU3 1 8er1aJ. 00
,3ects over th~ U. s. including objects tba.t m.?y becaue lAbeled Unidentified
Fly1ns Objects. i'he aerrices
qu::tlified scientists and tecbniciMS v1ll continue to be utilized to 1nvest1pte and annJyze these reports, md perlntt1 c

or

public stc.teae:1ts on the subject v1ll be JD3de as w3ZT:mted.

The Air ?orc:e Inspector Genercl. a Brief, do.ted 2~ December 1959, coatn1 ned
a notice to .,, J unit Cottr:~onders tl:c.t UFO reports are serious business since they
are vi'Ul.lly 1Ir.f'Olved 1D the Air Force's llir defense mssion. This Brief stresed
tbnt Cor::J:-mden ::u-e responsible tor seein1 th:s.t UFO sighting& are investig:lted
o.nd ew.l'C.C.ted quickly, thorov.obly :md. o.ce\Jrately. 't!be Brief referred to Air
Force i\e~tion 200-2 concern1r.g unidentified flying objects vbieh outlines tbe
A1r Force's obH go.tion to keep the plblic adeq~tely informed on this subject
end also streues the :a.et t~t UFO sighting reports are not to be clo.ssif'ied.
I! DD u.ro report is. cl;ussi:tied it 1s Cl3SS1:fied !or- othe-r ~:eosons tbon t"le. UFO
sighting 1tseU'.

The Air Force is charged ~y mcny pri.-.:.te UiO g!'O~S nth pcssessior:a of .
elssaitied ~...,foxmt1on vhich c::ncludes or proves that spo.c:e hips 1'ram otber
pJnnets e'rlst nnd are visiti .. g our atcosphere . Nothing coul4 be turthe:r from
~e

the truth.

Air Force J:Qssesses no 1ntorm:1.tion., c1Ass11'1ed or uncla.ssif'ied;,

11b1ch prov-~ t.hi s contentiot:.. Melly 1Ildiv1~.-.-~s e.ssocia.ted with these privo.te
UFO orgmd ::.t.!o::.s a.re self -e~inted. author! ties on UFOs ond consider themselves entitled to be 'lilO:f'!i=.c !"1, c.dvisors to tbe 'Un1ted Sto.tes Air Force Intelllgenae Ccn; ::_:~tty. Since t~~Y Q.l'e not charged under l:lw vith tbese :-esponsibilities it v::T.lld. be entirely ,mo.ppropria.te t'lnd even dangerous nt times to

exercise t!:e I:lte, H genc:e sj'Stem in order to g1 ve them., or their org:miz.1t1on.s 1

ony notoriety o:- publicity. It is an interesting t11ct tba.t me~ of tbese
ind1 V1duols :!'-'1J to reeogn1ze the to.ct tbtl.t there is such n thing cs legitmte
classified se:l:'ity into!~tion. For the past thirteen yeera these groups hs.ve
repeatedly st:lted tbzl.t their orgnni zations possess docl.:Dlented evidence proving
the existence or SP'lCe Shii'S trom other pla.nets. HoweverI when Q.Bked as
patriotic cit!zeus to delive!' this eVidence to the United Stn.tes Air Foi-c:e or
other goverr: oe:o.t agencies they ha.ve refUsed to do so. The obvious conclusion
is tMt they C:O not possess this intol'l:l.iltion or evidence proving the existence
or Bp3ce sh.i:ps

Jects beC<lUSe in addition to the entire fo.cilities O! the J.erospoce Tec~~iecl

Intelligence Center~ ~e entire facilities ot the nntions scientific and techDico.l co6mll\l:l1ty c..-e nt the disposo.l of the ev:ll.u:ltors, :md tbe degree or use
varies v1 tb e:!ch c:1.se. Also, 1nvest1~tion in the field c:m 1nvolve inc\1 via!\~.
. Ai~ Force bo.se personnel o.nd specio.l investigtltive units and osuin, in these
instmces the ~ount of time expended ond the number of personnel cssigned to a.
speci!ic siGhting wn 1 vary vi th e~ch c::1se '

or

~'~= ti~ to time the Air Force b:1s been o.sked the cest
conducting the
UJl1 pro~...:a. It is ~ssible to estimnte tbe exact amount of funds expended
.t>y the Air Foree in 1nvest1~t1ng reported s16ht1ngs of unidentified flying ob-

t
'

END

-5

:,

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..'

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.,

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...... ......

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.~led .FrO."T\ Nc a~ly.

Illegible Ori&inal

..

.. .

'

~~,~----------------

- -.

-.

. . - - -. ... -. ..

. . .

..
'

...

.. ..

'
~ 1.6 Auaut 1950,

tour t.ei&~D
~:ldftszed to ~- Sec1 eta17
ot S~te, CCDcen':s a !r:as111aD \170 pictun ba1 bGeza ntenall to
t!l,. ~rtc:e.
.
.
. .

..

For JQ\Ir 1utozat1c=, tM u. 8. Ka\7 a'ftluate4. tb1a p1ctun

a hoax ad c~1e1al neorda 1nd1cate thia va trick pbcto&npb;r
lo v1:"Ma went p e;eDt wh.Ua tb ;Qhato&rDpbar 4a"f''l,Qpe4. 't:t:IM
z=pUvcr
. . ..

..

ltncere~,

J..ucmctCZ J. ~
Lt. Colon~l., USAF
hbl1o Intomat1cm IJ1nD1ora
. ...

~.

~t~c:r1M Carter G~eu~

3~ Tbnll Street
Cicc!P~t1

Office ot IntoieGtic=

..

..

Ohlo

201

..
.

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---

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...
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...... :-::.,;;.

--..

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..

..,.

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.
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.,a

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'

. 13 .3

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1. Ve bow 1Dvest1gate4 +.hi a vitb tbe Air .FaKe BDl . fiD1 tlvtt
P.:-s. Golde~- uleg: nphed. tbe Secretary at Sta.te elcns the am linea.
"she hsa been carryir..g cc c~spocdenee v:1th tl:e J.jz Farce ~or quite
eoue t1::e on the {1e."lenl subJect cr UFO' a. (Attached. 1a tbeU'
reply to.fl-c-s. Goldeu.) The State De~ r.!te:.!.ed the telegram
to tbe Ai:i'Fou:e vho, in tuzon, ansvend J.!ra. Golaen to the ertect
tbat tbe u.s. Naval Attache enl.~tioc intUcatea tllat the pictm:e
vaa ~aJ ne. The p1lot.o vas taken by a flee l 8 DCe photoe;rapber J:SOtod
"ror bis trick.pl'lotogtpey. It vaa not, aa Mra. Go1 den atat.a, .
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. .deTel.OlUl in tbe preaence ar zvore.
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'I clo not belien ve should ccncern ourselves v.:tth flUI&t1ou

in~~ Colde~lettcr tmt do not concern CL\,; tbere1'01e, ve haTe
cove d. Otlly those q~st1ona. 'lbe Air Force 1a respcms1ble azl' is
doins a very SOcd .10b ~public infomat1cm 1n tb1a 1"1eld Pnd 1t has
been ou:- ~st ~ocedure to ref'er all mttaos to tM::t vhen it doea Dot
1::!plicate CIA.

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1sJm:i1 or ~intr..de, as everyc:e kDCIW'a l!art:ians are exb:ecely cu4o:rt

iJ.gyicg ereatl:nts.

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X t!ljnk our- NaVBl attache'a r!Ml eo: ent em tl:8 vhole afta1r
ams it up very vell.~ It 1a the repart1: lg oUic:er's priwte C)Fin1cm
t.bat S fiY"'...::S :381:er Sighting Vcruld be ~at tbe very 'bl'1eD

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P:J.rsn::.nt. to tho prov1o1ou:s ot Si!at.lJ:a 102 cr ths T.:ltior:nl

G~ctu"1ty Aet. of 1947 ~nJ. f"or t~c: ~~~!'& .-.:::romc.l.:Lt~d b Paragx~p."'"l d er.d. e tb~nxlf, t.::.C".t Ii~t.ioaol c=~it)" C3unc1l bel'Cb7
a~t~rbes ani cUre<:ts th3t:

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1. 'tho Di:'ec+...or o!' Central. Intalltl:cnce eh'-ll. f'onmla.to
ur~l c:o::-:") r.m~ eo. G-r--.t.:rl!:. .,r 1ntall~~~~eta ~a re:;eiU*Ch c.c~1vi
tiea e:s rcc;t~~o. to .&ll.,.:r the k!'t)~l.ets ot 1~1t.~' po~1~v~
.

:.:.tleilt1.t'1Cllt1on

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~mi~e:l_tl!'1~il .tlyl.~ oi:IJ:::tO:t.G.

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G:r:-::oz'.."':l:!',':. -;..!.z1r::.r~~:J:i:J ~n.:: a..::~I:a1.co c:h-::.11 :;:r::Jv1de e!Zztat:ltlce
1r. U.1a ~1".,;. : ~. .:: of !r:~::lli::;~:.-.~ 1..~..1 rc3~ar~b to tho ezte!lt
o! th:!t:- ~:: ~~:.;.-:.!. ~Y rr~vl ,-;.,-.-!, li.O\:iiter, t~t tho :;CI sbnll

O.'\'TJ!.~ .lu!".l1:::l.::.!o~
~e tO)l~tio=.

'.J! a~t!.':!ti.~s prt:Oitntl;r dir~:~tt.-d. towa:--1

tJ.f th1! rr?l}l~Jh
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~=:! 1..~~e:o.1..::. ~ ::t. iv!tit~::~ ii'l thio f!cli t:> ti!a v~let!.B c.1 ~

r,.::.r:ccr.'tD ,~r:.::l b.O~~:!c:J Vl:l1cA bVe u-.:..t~:-!~~d i:ltEu.a;'t; therein

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ait~tiC:l C~~C:~:"Jl~l ~l.ll.d.e!lti!icd tly-J.n..; C,lJ_;~-:t:: Wic;ll. hl.\""0 C&UGO
e~tc::&~i() s;,:~e'.iJ.aticn ~ ch~ pM~ts e:t l't..sve b~e~ t~ .1~bJect ct
cc~-:~r4 t.::l '-'~W'i!"ImlJu; c.r:~"li:o:.c.tlQllC. '!!!.~ ~..tr F~rc:, ~1thill tte
ll.::~t~ Uc.r.a~ c.t ~~~:(IJ,]l ...h:. ~!:S cot~ l d be c;i!!VO"e.-Jd to t,..e c:.:~ j c:t,
th:..z ~~ c::rr-le~t 1.-G~ 1'"u ~e~!.CllS1b1l1tY
in\"esti:;attn~ a!a.1

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res;-l!"t!';, t~d t? &\s~-=re

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o~ c.ar.ly \lo.\n!i:lS ::l)'tot.'-C 11:. .:;~\c~ o~

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3 I :..~~.tor"..-e r.:C\;::.:!c:J.i tb1t t.bia A~!rt'!Y cn.1 tho cct-nclea

c:.! t.::.c l:~. :..r~..:rj,t. uf l...'~n.c~~ ce Q1-:-e~';:::i to !'n.:.:.....l:ate end cr.r:y
o1.0-:. c ~:-: :.:r.....l! lit' iutul.i:i.: ~.~n~:.1 ~d r~~.,._"t"ch .u.:t1v1tl.c~ rc:(]Uir..:::l to
t~,;~~-.: ~~ J;l"vvlc;;} u: .1.~~;-~:..~ P'.JB1t1.Yc 1a~n~:!.t1cll.tiou of s:r..!.clcnt1
r:.:.~.! .r.:y.Ln~ ou.,:;.::t!h A urui't CJf c.n el1&-J"Cl'V.l.Q.te cllr~ct1ve !G

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4t'41"t ti~C Dir.:r:tlv~ e:lta~l1!lhiuc; t.h!.o J:.\t.tcr u a priority p.:oJoct
ttiroUZbout tne in~ellig~u~c nnd the dercnae reaearca and dovelo~t
COOiJIID'''Oi ty

6. Att'lc:hcd hereto is

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Atto.elrna:ts:

nrt v.-,...,-.o

to 1\SC vith

ctr.:.f't DJ.rec~ive

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Oris. ~ 1 - forward

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2 - AD/SI

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nF:r. 2 1952

Director
a

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or CentrGl Intelligenco
,

Director ror IntalHeencct

steJtcr

t UD1cient1tied llyJ.ils ObJccta

1. OD 20 Al!c~t, the DCI, arter a br1et1ng by 0SI em the cbave

au~joct~ directed the prap:r.:-~tion or
I:scm for :;ul:mis_aioD to tba
Cc"J..""lcU sts.t1~ the need 1~or 1nventi.~t10D o.wi directing ~ac1ea
concerne<l t9 cooperate in such ~..-eat1~t1ona.

..

2. In attc:J!)tillg to

~tt

aueh a directive an" the aupport!.Da

atGf! at.ud1c~, it became e.pp-lrent to fJ!J/I, Actil:~ AD/SI and ~/IC
th-at the ~::..cbl~::l ws l11!'ecly a rec~areh nnd de~telo.P"'-e::~.t ~robl:~, ud
1 t \~n ru::c1dod by DD/! t'l at-:e..,t to 1n1 tio.to u.ctiou t.broU.";h B.DB.
A c:n!Ji"crt:tc~ w:-..s hold bett.:~~:l DI/vS:~, Cluirr:lrlD o't l'.?.om, "DD/I1 Acting
A:n/f:'I ~nd 1-::J/!r: fl.~ Yh!c!l ti-e it V!lS ~c1cic!d tba.t !)r. \i hitman, Cba1xtft~
C: f~~.i~, \,;Cul.J., inveGt~t.r.e poS!lib1l1t:::r of' unde.t"'tn-!dng re~esrch . rJtl
deve..1o~~nt Gt1.:U!.ea thro~ !'.ir Foree ~aneies.

3 On. eiJp:rorlctely G r:ovc:::.ber,

w~ Y~re a.~lised by

C!lair=.n,
1'~, tht ~11:&.ri~a in the Alr !:;'tc.f.r clld not d!scloce "undue concun"
ov~::1 this catter, but th.-:t. it h:l.d beon referred to tb~ Mr Darer..sc
Co~.::;d ~or c:~nlliU-eret1cn. &a tu...-ther vo.rd As-s been rcce1veil tra:1
It!l3

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reports re.,c..'ltin;:\ CIA i~d.i.cated tb~t further c.ction lmS

deti!':lblc e.nu c.r-.o tll~r bri~::' J.::Ji~ b7 th9 c:o~1~::mt A-2 cmd ATIC persoo:nel
l.?C.ti l:~l:i co: 25 l:ocDer .;.~; this ti.:~, the reports of i:lcidcnta convin~e
us t!....:.t t:.ere :ie to:o::::thin'; &Oin;; on th~t :O..!Bt ~ve 1t=9tUnte e.tt~ntion.
Z.le C:~t~lls o.\ %>O~e of thc~e 1nct~nts baYe been diGCUO$ed by AD/SI
111.th DDCI. 8! :_;!1~1n;3S o! un~:tpltJ..Ul~d. obJc::ctn ~t ~r~t cl.titua~:: end
tr:7.'\'cll!.JtJ ~t. ht~~h Eil~ee1 in th~ vicinity or ~jo~ u.s. d~i'ense 1nGt:.:.l~ti.:l:.o :a.r;! of sue~ nature tll.;l.t t!loy nrc not c.ttributo.ble to
n::.tural. I!'lnno~nl. or kr.:n:n t;tP:tS ct a.t-rioJ. v:h1clas

5. C.:ii ia

to th~ c::ate.bl1:m=n.nt or a CC1'lGUl.t1113 croup

o~ m.:.!'~iei:nt c~~_petencQ t'..'"lcl otro.t.w:-u. to rcvlcA this mtter nnd co::IY'.n~
t!lo r'!o3,l:'oOLSible ~:utb~r1 tic3 1n t.:l~ co~1'ty th-:.t trrzr~d.lnte r~ae:irch
ani cla-.r-?!.t:~~nt on th1D S!l~l.i ~ct tti.wt l'O> un::l.Jrtn.ken~ Th1o c= ba clon=t

~roc-Mdl~

exp:~J.1~lo-.;3l)' \lllt~o.:r

tb

u.c~ia c~

CilliS.

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. . Augtiat

lS~ 196o

Bon. Gordon Scherer

Bouse Office Building
Vaahi:cgtcm 2;, D.C.

Dear Mr. Scherer:

Several. wks ago a :picture of a t1FO was ahcnm em the Dave~ shov.
It \o-as the tamou.s Br&z1l1an UFO. It was taken OD board the Brazilian
!lavy IGI ship in daylight anc!: in tulJ. view c4 about ~ hundred. :pero"
It vas develoPed aboard in the presence c4 tbe ottic:ers or the hip.
It was cert1:t1ed as being authen1tic by the Jf&V)", released to the PI ess
by the Brazillen President h1'rnsel:t. It Vas 1D the heedl1nes at all the
!ra2il1en newspapers tor a week. It created such tremendous public:
interest that a Cong;r;:essicmal 1nvest1'gaticm followd, aDd aa & nsul.t
mucll more UFO infomation was mede public.
..
.

!low tlut American Air Force has labeled tb~ :pic:ure a Jtoext .

course I am concerned e.bout the atrect ot tbis on our campaisn to

get. the UFO sit.uatio.u opened up 1n this CoUlltxT ~ut I am ev~ more
concerned as to wa:t ~feC't this 'Will have em our relations Vith Braz.1l..
~e Bru1J 1ans knov about their UFOs.
I .have copies of the magazine
0 ~0 ill which matly outstanding incidents are fl"Wly and openly
discussed. I recently received a seven page report on censorship 1n
Dre.zil trom Dr. Ol&vo Fontes_, Bre.zU's best known UFO researcher.
'What censorship there is in Br&zil 11 large~ at our insistence Dd tbe
aut.horit.ies c!on t like e"-en that much. . !there bave been m average of
six to eight sightings/month tor titty months_, . and somet1mes there are
as meT".y ~s thirty in a tw hour J)eriod. Eov are these wll 1M-ormed.
people going to react to hearing their P:zesidlrat and several high Nav.r
otf1c1ala c&J l ec! frauds?

You me;r not agiee llitb this at present, Mr. Scherer, but the kler1cml
Air Force is Withholding eVidence even :t'lam Conglessmen, and I teel atrcm~
that ee til:le has long since come when this daDgeroua &ituatiOD should be
cliered 1.-p. ATIC has nov admitted hiding the Project Gnldp report by
merk1-ns it secret"., and adm1tt.ed.that the CIA ia involved in ~e UFO
1nvest1gat1cm. On tbe other baud it has denied ttany serious incidents .
it bad preViously confirmed. 'Why1 W)" does there have .to be secrecy at
e-11 'f ~"'lat ia the CIA covering so desperately that 1 t is necessary "to
~e 11:.eh 1Dcred1ble charges against the head or a trienctb' sovemment't
I have e. good undersund.ing ~ scientific method, and I m ::.:~ a crac~et.
5he Air Foree "e~lenat.icms" many times limply do not expla1n, and 'their
statisties ere obviously contrived. ~e feeling about UFOs has ehanged
1D Cinc1nn~t1. Tbere hasn't been a tongue-in-cheek article pUblished tor
over & yee.r. As ~neral O'Keete said-last December, and Senator Jolmson
has said recently, UFOs are serious businesa.

'Won't you3 Sir, lend ;your help by mald.ug a stanc1 ror open Ccmgres:Uonal
hearings'Z And 1r you 'feel you can't ~ that, at least do scmetb1ng amut
the raz111en &!'fair. Thank yqu.
.
33~ Thrall St, Apt 3
.. Cincinnati 201 Ohio

Sincere~

Catheril:le carter Golclera

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1. Vo luwe 1r,,c:st1~tea t"1a with the Mr Force ol:ll ~ ~t

I'.!'D Gcl.ilc:i telec;e,~.r=C t.'le Secrc'tP...,- ot St3te al.ong tho
l.i:ccr~
She ~3 been C'\J.ToJir.t: ell eor:~~~~l~e vith the A:1r l"c:cr:t rar quita

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2. %' d~ =~ bcllO'\"'t Ye :bOt:ld CW:M:S Oct.sel.WS V1th quast1ms

1n J.~OJ. Gold~~:~ let""-cr tl:t do not Ctraecl"D CIAJ tl'lere1"Ci1a, ve =ve
CC'Y'a:-ed o:-J.:I t.~o--.A qtX!:ltio::.s. 'nc Air Force 1a rc.cpo"'libJe end io
l!oing a Te-:"J i::ood j~ a:' :"JUbl io 1t:t01"iliatio:. in tlr1s :t'1el4 ami 1t. baa
'beG!l Ou:' p::.st p::oce~;ure to ~er 11]1 mt.ten 'to t~ca Vbe'D it doeo !lot
_ 1:;li~te CI:k

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3 I tb'rJ: 0~ r.e.vnl. e:ttcche 1 D finol. eu:S?at em the ,.,IOlo af"!':dr

it ~ very \."ell.i

:t

is the t'Oport1~ ot'!'iecr .s prlva:te o;1:-10D

tt..ct n n~ =~et' :d ~""t1ng vo~ be unlitnl.r at t.he 'V"a%3' ~"U!~n
ir'e..,~ Of ::-1tx'rJe, 11!1 eYeftlDI' lalcTn J~.S ani~ C(Jil('Qii't

'i

Sl"!":'-.

au e t~oo:e c::1 t!= ~nercl :n!b~::t ~ UFO' a. (Atb.d".cclis tl-mir

zarlY to 1-'..ra. Coldcm.) The State Dcpru"toent nt'exJ....-d tbe teler;:tuz:z
to tlec /IJ.r !'Q!'lO!e vho, ~'l t'll:'!l1 ~:.tcl.-a:l ln. GoJden to tb~"" et.t"ect
tbat tbe u.s. T-rw.l. At~:!:e ew.l.le.t1CD 1Mtcates tt.l!.t tbt ldcture
1o-:s f'3l~. ~e ~cr..o \.~& tal:o:3 by a .t:oe lance p~otcQ'avm- ~
tor his t.rick p.~otc~~~. It. vr.a not, as ) f t . Golden autea,.
di:\"C~ in the :pl\JC."':t:O ot ~"1J''C8 .
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request.

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~ lmll Street
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C1nc1ncati 20, OhSo

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Gol4en:

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the~

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:to tb9:!7 attcat1GD,

tb-bt PQl1c:t ia t.o rei"er the 'mtter

the 1%lf'ut=lti.aa
.

to the A1r Fa:aeo

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lJy ccr-c agx~J3t1 1D ceder to el1n1mte 4~

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savenc=z:t 'tar ell r:atten parta1n1no ta UFO'

r..nteal theret'm ., t.bat tltt,t blmt

~:t, ii\t~~-S:ruJ:b &a 'thay UC DOt SA

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been ~ out aa the respcnsiblo CWlGAnt at tha

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1:wa1ve4 1D rey triO :lnve.Up:tiona.

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I hAw !ni1rtrc4 of 'tba CIA Ill to t.'1.oSr :!Dtez eot

D1. "Qll'4 to ,our lettq:r or 15 ~ 19Go,

~a.

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We have %.efaJ"l"ec! -your letter witb the endon2"e

to Lt. Coloz:ael Lawrenc: Tac::ker. U. S. Air For~ who
ta o~ coz:atac& po~t anci repootible for mauera l'ogarcUaa
UAldc:ltl!loci ae:rial phenomena.

.I

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~Acernms ~.last

1uatuce of ou letter to

Cong:reesmu Scherer. there wa a typlz:ag error lD whida

a word. wa o.mittecii the last dauae houlcl have read..
"whlc;h ha alreaciy beeA provided bi, tb.e Air i"'ol'c:e. "

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Sbacerely,.

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l.ibs Lorenaea:
.

Da~

Mua Co~al LoreD3eD

Jntarnatioz:aal Diracto1'
Aerial Phellomena Reeaudl O~J&Ilb&tlcm
4407 ~&It t ,h,dea
Tucsoa, Azol&oaa

. ,'

OGC/ C:J'SW:jmd:m
Distr1 ticm:
. =-,~

Orig &: 1 - Addre a

......r- OSI
1 - Lea . C. Subject
1 Leg. C. Cbrono.

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1"0 JAN t9St

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Lt. Colonel Lawrence J. Tacker

O'...fice o! In!onnatioa
tinlted State Air Force

c.

waahmgt= 25, D.

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Dear Colozutl Tacke:-:

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AgalD, many tbaDk for aeadma It to me. Kiacleat

personal regarc!a.
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Yla8

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very thoughtw of yoG to eeu4 me the lzulc:rlbecl

copy c! your .aew boo!c on flying aaucers. I certahlly aane
with the plou. hope tbat publication of this book wm c!o
much to clear up the eon!uaioD about UFO'a. I reacl about
-balf the book last Digbt ancl found it extremely i.uteJ'eatfcg .aad
well presentad.. Unfortunately, there eeem to be a falr
elzed ''lunatic f~inge" that will never be really cODY'iDc:ecl a!
Air Force objectivene ADd fortbrlgbtzle em. thla aubject.
In AA7 case. I hope that the book wlU be a huge a.:cceae.

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(33

OSI/OA.M

. Dis!r
~
I l- Addresee
2 .. DAD/C

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GS1tl'o~:lh (10 Jan 61)

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RESEARCH DlVISION OF
AMERICANA CORPORATIC

THE AMERI:CANA

Nw York* Waahlnoto~t, D. C.* CNoag.

ZNST:ITUTE
.

1575 LEXINGTON AVENUE

NEW YORK 22. N. v

eoruar.Y 21, 1961

IN REPLYil:G, PI.F.ASE
BFER 'fO:
Al2J209-ST .

D1rectc:r
Central Intelligence Agency
waahingto~, D. c.

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Dear S1r:

We have had conaiderable corresr?n4ence trom a subscriber

who is 1n~erested 1n Un1den~1t1ed Flying Ocjeota. He
1a not aat1sned with the 1ntormat1an that we have pro-

vided

h1m

and writes: :

I am not interested in halluc1nat1ops, aunsp~ts, planes

nor any conventional obJects. !leither am ].\ 1nteres1:ed
..
''" in an oumoded Air Force report which contra.d1cts itself'
1n at leaat t'our places... :~ apec1t1o question 1a this.
\ben t~e recorde~ data (apeed, color, maneuverability,
etc.) o! these objects are run through a modern electronic
calcula'tor with the question or what they are and what
ar~ their or1gin 1 what is the answer?
I lCNOlf auch an <!!<~
'operation has been done. It there 1a a m111tar7 secret
involved. please say ao.
.
.
1

Would you be eo kind to co-operate v1th ua and atate

whether to your kno,.,ledge the characteristic or UFO I a

have ever been analyzed by any sort of data processing

unit, whether you have any further information of UFOa.
and wbet~er there 1s any.other source (besidea the A1r
Force) to wh1ch you might reter our subscriber. AnY
1tate~ent tr~t you could make that vou1d help aat1&t7
our subscriber somewhat would- help.
.

!hank you

ror Y.Our courteay

. -.

FEB 27

'

REC'I

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~ CX,Jectu ho a been cb~rse to +be Air 7a:c

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tt tor c,7 r:a=:n, a c.e:::>let!!

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tho Lcc1slc.t1va Cc-l!:oel by t::.is
cl:l.te. ple"',"' cQ::~ct th!a o!t1-:-'!
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Aeaist.mt th'ec:tor, Sl

'to the Eonarcble Joseph E. xartll

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1. In reap:mse to J"DUU' 5 Jliq req;c.est~ a

~lD Jose~ X. !:D.rth 1a attacbecL.

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reRl7 to
..

2. As 1a in!U.ciatecl, w haft rece1'~e4 a zmmber or lettenl

ba:a ~. r=n.~= on the ~SUbJect of ~ S>lcel"ll asnce 1958.
lr:e ~,., in ewl')' cnne l'ef'ell eel tbeae letters to tloe A1:r ,.cna
rar cz...rey.zl~te reply ~e.!G"Jcb as tbc7 ere the 2zecuti-ve J.g:::a:
S:a s::.J':h :A~-s. In each i:.astcce 1iiU ban not1tie4 Ur. Ilcv14IQII

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c:tter 10 fttb~fr e::te=s1-nt eM shOuJ.4

eO.<lit1CE"al queet.tcna, \Je 'W\il4 be lensed. to attear;t;

3 Oar :f1Jet

7011 have ~

.w ensar

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E"'"'::cr-.,.:,l.D .r~e,tl B. r.arth

E=~ c!" T:e;,~:xr.tat1"\U

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~~" Jldr.ft l.ette~ ta ~o~ pl-~=- 1:0 eaiv.laea

to :'C"lr 30 Ja:o

ia bi!'
t.-..e:t; t-:1. I.oed.tlGQQ 1";$!8 1:.'1l in-;olv<!cl 1n ra~
~t!1 U:!:! J~...ey Mtl V1t.61 t.:. Air roreo l~JCCt

I.

=tte.- ot a=.;,

e::u--:D~1\t'Q

c=-r:cp:c:WJiG!I
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bel:e..-:s t..""st 't4'0 t=tn1

t::-'~l11~.r:.ce ~::r

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:I.a. t!) ~~ h.l.e li:tte:' t-o ~OQ . . . . . akll.'ll;r ~S"..,4'.t2U)le rcz

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Q'..J e= tJO ~ l.;.;~u tJ;ct ,..':!~ CC".J'!H\e tom.a.l ro~"t at tbo J.:u:a.l
beu G:rt L~r.~ !;~: ._::r fe"lM:UNt'.~ !Yr oecm"icy- ren&OJUt. t;.1:.o v~
!~_.~wt 19 ~ \~:. h":l.e to thit 8!~11\l. ,Public ;;r: 1St:'i':-~t1CA or
rc;-~a::"t.l.:;::.. ;y f\:4 .. ..,~~ ~~ 1~:or.~~CG, tta cl:::a:;Uied p:t.iarl
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ill 't!.oe r.!'4"1~ 6;~=- t\i.t'-.""%e"" 4UC. 1s m1n1 'UI1s aa a ~1. :lD
ps~e't=l~~cl.IJ. \11U"t1:.1'6 18 entl.:-el.y :r.tO\Slee4 Ds frKi1cat1CD 'ttat
t:L\ 1s r- 1ot,~r:,n~ )rer!P'...m.D u lea:tr: 'Ulm to teU.ew in Vlyiq
Se~"=~ i~ e lso eut..!.re~ u."lj"..;.,~~e:. ~...1s ~1 in ~;mJunctt011
1c1:t:a ~ ld.r i'orc..-e 1.~\"ecU;-~tc~. 1A 1,_,3, tbe ~~ to u.Uc.c'
O&Cl:.-i.t;r cZ i.ba 1.-:e:l ~e~)a~'t. ~1~ ~-=-el' 1 e:.o>:O:e SHJ:.c:e 1'b""~"
t'm, C'lA b!& nat rut.:.e1:ctc-a 1:\ a:::;:r Fl.,-1:-.-g S4u:cJ:" CtC't.iYi Uea
m~ ;-.z:;a refe-"'lai au c~.nJti'.(Z.~i:Gcv to tbo u. s. 1T

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Dear Mr. Scott:

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HOUSE OF R'P:~tt~2NtATIVES
CO~hiiTTEE ON .lRMEO ~ERV&c-ac.S

SUITt Ill. UK~ MOUSI OtnCliUJUII"'II

WASttiHGTCN. D.C.

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Event~:

1'h11 is 1n rc!'ereoee t.e you: l""eq".le't !~r ell~n't o:::. a lett.e:- )"C'U .:~1!1~
~. E=ie ~. Ol1~r ef ~!ea'o~, Te~~ess~~, ~~~~ndiug :a~.~~~~~nal

l:o~
1n\-.s:!;stio~ ~~ tr.e u~::"::~it1~ ~y~.l"'~ O~J~et . (t,~~j pl"~blea..

'fau

S~:~s.

At ~!-.~ c~et 1 t~e prog:-::: "":- ldcn:ified ea "PrcJec:t Sign'". T-...e r.ame

v~s ~:~'ter :1-.:~et!

prese:t

an: eon~; t h~ u. S. A1 r ~ :-ee is the AnCDC"J ;lesi ~!:34 ted Yi th1 n the
't'-~ec:".:ti-v-.! !.~:l~~ t.o i:::z.vestigate u:!..:-s:::~.'t1f1~-! ny1i3.& obJett report:~. ~ A1r
i'o:-ee o:"i~!:.:l!y u~blis!':K ~ u.i-:'.o!~t!fiecl flying object praj~et 1: 1'49.
Th~ o1)jeet1.-~s o!" 'this p:-c~eet .:e:-e to =e~em1:d! i t un1:1ent1!ied fly!!lg ~lije"ets
.4~ a tl'=\:at t.c :,:-,ucr.al aecur1 ~:; 8:'14 tc ~et.er::!zu: 1! they are a sa..Lrc:~ of c.cv
.scie:::t!.fic: cr t.ech;"''1 c:a!. 1:uo~t!.o~ l-J c::. :cdsht be bene:t1c:1e.l to the Uniud
.Aa

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b.se of P.e-p:-es:ltJ tivea

.P.o~:-t

Vash1~...o:l_,

--'~~

Soi=:-a'!:l.e

"?:roJec:t G:udg~" 1 e'Cd fiM., ly to -pzojec:t. Al.ue ~k.. , 1 ts

U)

~es.!c---3-:!qu.

In i6 yea:-:s ~ the Air :i'or'!e l':as !.:1.ru ~iga teJ and anl:l,:r.ed ::.ore tba~ 8,000 .
c .. :es or ,. .
--~1 ~- l:l~ h:l::; yer. to discovar ~ ~rl~en~e that t:!l-f c!e-ot1f1oc!
'flyi :-~=~:a .. a t~reat to t.~ aeC".lr.1ty ot the United States o:- thAt
t.h a:oe /~ieu i~~~~la-: a:y ap4ce whiclll!s ~nc!er soce tore o! 1nteJJ 1;ent.

atrcl/

In 1953, a .,.::-'1 of e1e:::~.tif1c ~nsultaota a=t at the r~est or 't te

Fcde:-el Cov~. "':lt <tQ ev: 1::rt.e aey ~ssible thre:.t to nat1onsl s~curiti posed

""1 ~~nt!:..!e.!

':j~c:~s ( !'lyir...; 180l~ers) an4 to a:.Dl'.e rec:oc;::;eu'.!at!oa.s

CO:l:~r-...!:-.; t.!:.~!:- ~1=.~ ::.:;a.
'Ihe panel cor.cludecl "'l'h:lt t:,e evidence present~
on U:dde:ti~ied ~ .n3 ~~ec:t.s ahOVs no 1D41c~t1on that these phenoccna COD~

lr.l

-...-

n.yir.~

pey:o1c:a! th..--eat.

stitute a d1zoe..

tQ

national aec:urt~ ... '

D&St1oNtl :ecur1ty agenc:1es

~~ ~ ..., ~ ~c:re-!c:-e,

...

--..

rec:o-oen-!ed. ..That t~P

t:-:::~ !:::.:;;;e,!:;~ s't.....~s to strl~ the Unidcnti:tied .Flying ObJects or t':lc: special .
atc.tu t~y l'.:.ve beeu a1ve~ an~ tt'.e un ct ~steiY. tt.ey have un;"'crtuna-:.ely

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bc:a 'bee: 'Q1e..~e4 n:;:n-4ip!J th= Gtatu:s or tlo~ 11... -e ~
1~ P:c;;.xc::s. I.:J C: t":t:s 4-:ltr: :c.o ~l.:r be' be= :-ccci'Wd.

(~) L~tt~::"!! c:e:c~:-l 4 "~ ~a.~ o! .thc I=~ l~ J):Ct;: -,.

b:..e beC!:l 1.:.-1~=. to lS ., ......"'-:t.-:1:1 o.:.::;wr'~~1cr,.

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b:1 lmn",~ z.-c::~.

At p... ..::te:lt InclJula:

(2) . A lc~cr: h."' bee :ct. to tbe Fk\ re~e:at1.~ 1'1!7 'ncr...
:-aleti~ -to!:!cn.tU1c~t1c:l of a !'"::a u:zsrr: tha r:--:'dr: ob:.c.:-.:d

=:z
-"'"te!ect c.t
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~a FW L1a1CO!l
!-~!or !U.~e~cl:;. ct
~~ :'Qc,!::~Qd to fe~~ .. lill::t 1~ 4 ~~?-1c:la :r'!.:.~ Q. ele~:tt1e!
l~to eoor::5'1 C:~.J,4 ht:'70 c:=t:1.\;ut:d ~0 ~Q :;1;:l.to! ...

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Bfrlory end fiiiiMdDiogy

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~~

THE lNVESTIGA'I10N OF lJFO'S

UDideati!ed !ymg objects are Dot a D"' pheu_oweooa. ID..S93 B.C.

Ezekiel recorded a whirlwind to the Dorth which apprl'ed u A lery.
ap\me. b 1254 at Saint Albam Ahb.=y. when the moon was eight
days old. there 1ppeared fD the sky a ship elegutly shaped. weD
equipped and of .marvelous color. ID 1520. m FraDm there
sighted a round-soaped object wfth JOtatmg lights ud two fiery sumIn 1874 in Tens . fanner reported seemg a clark !ymg object lD
the lhape .or a dise c:ruisiDg in the sky at a woude:fal Sl'eecL 'I'bae
are a mere sampling of the maay such events recorded bybistorftns,
1:ha m~em
of UFOs. however, CID he dated &om 24 Juoel~.
whe:a a Byer made scnne sb'ange obscrvatioas which Datioaal news
.awerage and authors with a ~tic: license so. played up u to exdte
-public entatainza~t of a DOtioD that our plaoet had bem visitl
-by unkaowD velndes from outer' .space.

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...

On that !4 June. Xezmeth Amold was out Bymg iD his prfvate

plaDe. He was looking for a ),! ariae traDsport that was supposed
.to have crash-]nded somewhere on the southwest sld of Mt. :Ranier
F..m he Bew directly toward the mcnmtam from the west at u altitude

of approxbnately 9.500 feet, searcblDg an of the various ridges for

the downed plane. Then be made a $Weep baclc to the west. fouacl
.DOthing. and headed ag:Ua toward Mt. Ramer. The afr w:u 10 smooth
-tbat it was a real pleasure lying; he trimmed out the aJrc:rDft &Dei
.n:lned,. admiring the aystal-clear lky ADd the mnto. 1'hae was
.a DC4 to his lJt and zeu at approximately 14.000 feet.

.He hada"t flown more thaD two ar three minutes 011 this coan
'Whe:a a bright Bash ~ected oa his airplane. He c:ouldn"t Sod whea:e

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Ono edlaft taka tW.I'Ct'CMMWitdatlaa wu 1e tatahlflh.

IM Ollice Gl lnformatktft .t the AJr Force Secretery"1 S.WI, .. oGiee
to amwer public quatlonl and release lnfCIIDtAtlon ftiUdlnc Uf'OI.
Throughout
the rapawibility f.w releasing UFO lnfGatl
ltoG to the J*hlic hu tBJNlr !I ~ &he otic. oliAf......_. Snn
a.y of tba, AJr Fo.a.
.
Whee the unclau.IW CDfttrac:t ltudy wu ...dJ at the ...J al
11154. &t wu immedatc17 nleased 10 the DNI Ilia. It wu 11luled
aanclt-r ATIC cover, hecau the eampetaat '*"1*'1 which produacl
tl wished to remaln anon)'lftO'II In dUI leW of nwareh. It t1
1110nly refarecl to u Special Repan No. Jf. 1M lnt l3 MW.J ~ ua
edminitltralive propc 11 rwpons.
\

Sp~ Rtpert Na. 14 nd..t ud evaluatecl all the UFO tlata

Wei lA the Air FGrel llu, It .....,.. pephi IILGWia& the fnquuacy
tiiRribu&aGa Gl
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,_. eacll nurltJ ,. ad lr' 1 I 1 na. 1111"

W....alled llyu.a lllljudl el llw lfdel 'tt ...., s ... t
. , . el .,_., ..., \zu fW' naalt .. tal ...

11111r led1hra.

W ...., ..,,,. . l)m 11 ........

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cum.. Ill tf'r c 1A tepll. on. F.... fwtlwr tlnd:J ll1 lhll '
tlw caaiiMird nrhll . . NpDit... ., th;te plww~en tlua. Ia De
...............,.., .............ill . . . . . . . . . ., lucii:J - el ......:~ \ .
, ...- ol the Wr pobele. We cMI ,.,. . . . . . . . . . . ef a,.,. .
el Nualcatioa b)' ........,,, ,.,.... tM Wp. el ...., W ~ :
lha111 falrl . , _ .. IJ Ul lal Wlca!lora of iiCtlllll, _ . . . .

ef

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n. IODlhlnC C*tcl11&au o1 rrojC..t CnMJp cau..s vry autla
COIJI&JM. . .... project ............. ndM"NNIC81e. Nt:YL....
datlna. eM lrln& ol people daat 1101 bllitwd ID nhatenalflal
vtataa&all wu powiAI wtab 1M popularity ol ldeDce lctioa artk:lft
ud pl'iMI. In Den'- 1851 Gllllnd wu let to n lndua~tlal
Inn f a dea.IW lhldy. wdass.lficd, ol the UFO CIUI 01a file.

It look tlvN ~q to complcle lhll udJ

Manwhile. .. Wardllasl. the project wu pv~ Ill ptaent ume.

-&IM 8M. Pudnldl&l period DumGUU boob wen wnll about

1M UFO.. &'o ~'fnl..-talive dales an 'tlae Co~~Uftg I dw SGucn,.

Spu. CM~flg. awl ~ Plfltel S.W., It AMIMr WCitW Wd'"''
Tu FIJUtl S."" ,. &1. ,,11.,.1 s.a.c-1 tro o..ur s,.,., and

Pl,_l: ~ft"A Ctt /ntrll 0....., W.W. UFO hobby clubl W\.""

lcM--' d.,..k)..aut 11M CWNntry. U.a pofutcl le be .eudyinl II

H MJ W plaJtlcel 1M W.al
0

retah zk

,., ,....... a. a lull 1 el .._ ._. n

Wilh the ~ntkloi al aM d'~cl ol. 1M poied WAI CllftllneiCid

t~llwiP'd .... ucl iiNicr .,., udt .... "Crudce. Pro;ed
Cndge
iQ - - - - - af M4 reportalla AugUII lid. niJiRC
._vily die wark Gl unlwraly lc:Mtilta ud Cllher eutlide eoohnt" u well .. tbe USAP Air W.ahcr Service ud tb. U.S.
Wftlher Burau. 1M Crud& aep.t caaclwW that 1M UFO sight
tap alplll aodiiDC that WDirlcl cueltitllltl t.hre.t to the aational
,..;ty el the Uwl&ed Stata, &Ml ta.., chargeable to misinlet
prettaiclel ef aMwatlonal object~. a mild fww of lftUI hyaerla
nr DIIVI\ Uli fat.'.at6oi11f tM .,. fll bnq. pablidty.

'3111 ...

wm1117

cpcNt

...a

1hlt .a * ..-

..

........ D.t-a ... ...,,

lftlla . . . . .
..
... .,. .,. . .,
el ~UFO t.S-tthn
Ia )MUary 1153,
aM &bru Jar OGDtnd
wu lldl
a Sdallilo
raMI wu fole1 tel to
IU&Iwfi.
lathe quJclc owaluat-. II Wll
ol cfvdlaa Ide atiltl ..tslde
&he prMk\\1 wida weDbowa
rnpec:ted aanwt-IL P. Robert-., lis W. Alvua. I loyd V. Bcrbfto, S. A.
1'1loiM
tap. Followiltc 11 caUac& fr-.

.a snlpnllt II II l*clt dlla r-tet. ...... ., lhll

rhll e1 . , . . . ' u 11 1111e ., . .

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(l) To ddenDIM If UFO,.._....

a dwat .. aMIIDII"'
.a, eltbe Ual&ed
.
(I) To dd&~D'iat tl UFO phea~~m~M eahlbM UJ a1cbDo
whk:h cGNicl lie c:NDHiesl ta1o U.S. MD.
1

lhnc

tiel ol

(3) Toap~W .,..., die .....U whlda

1M oiJm
rca-t UFO.
Our P,oje It B....
a& WftSht-Pattcnlft llu 1 eoMpla,.N
ef -'Y 111 alien, twD . ., . . ., and ctvilu ~~eaographcr.
11 llai&W tAw llipliall tl aU UFO alghdap .. dtuare undatakc:A
by the Clallllnd of 1M ...... IJI Fcne ba-. Ia lit aabicw)uc:at
Malyi& of UFO cau a11o.. 1M
alice t1 MUd br naea1
llftlr:IUD:ns ...a pnla11aul
l'roject Conwltant fot
... . . . _,;'
JIIA a. .... Dr. J.
l&opP'dll

cbcaa

cWfw'1

.....lty - ...

a 1,

,. r
.I

Olivier. t.ciMI tf tbe

: J.

~ rr

atesartn .,.

Regutu Kwuleclalrhlocra a, t. llr .,._.., . . uaU, GDIItNIW

br FM. Ughtmc wdl
t.
_. MMI " we.a
l&htt with rotating bc.o:L They ._
llpt1 an talreaa 11 ; t

well u 1a landing ,....,..,

Si~,rt.au.a

..,., . ., Include hoverfna

;(

ltatiaary period if the Urcraft ta lud . , appro~Ching the ; ,

obsaw.,:. Total duntW. lhauld b. oon...._. wUh Iicht .ane.&crt. j
IMit likOly to GIICDid lw
t-lcu Miltt lerfca of awwen II :
~
autdaendudpua

H,...

.100

PfG&I" ..... Ml .. 1153 by Air P..

.. I

wtce

"1\e Gb~dve allhe UPO

100-1.;
...........

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... . . . . . ...., lalp j . . . . . . . . . RAf . . . . .,.... fl ........... qtel

lbJf'CII IIIPIUII t. IWe Jtu..,. Rp! 111 Ml zqhDIII . . . .dl.,..,pnl . .

. .

I,

+ ..............
Rdatt)M

....,tt?ltl rh& . . ,.. ..., tlk

b il rxnd IUt diiM . . a urpltlt lick el 1111J wllcl ...elk. .
?uiea... ., ,..,.. :11 ..... .., "" ., ..,.. klr....W -.w
...n:t ,..._ die
IMl .., .t ... rs'Mc 1 Oi' 1tr'u..J Ia IWI
~
SM'C .... .. . .
1. ........... ..
qdt............. ..., .... In ........................ ...
a'tr4 end,trclr ltlh4 aunlasa t ,_,.. .W. ...t11121 aa. tl111

'll111zd.. . . 'amell -' .W.

A.akaa
laclftJ1 ID
t llfc&ecl
Clllla
Pw help aa IUipcdlld dallt "&h&JaP Jaa..,. pM to Ftdcral ~.
Avllllaa Agency .Sen.,
aJrporta, 1M Stntct;lc Air C.DIIIIM.

~
I
Md liMa Air Deleue o.aw.cL Ja ~ llcalloo" ~~g~..tnp . .
...,. ailed upo;a laal uportt. IN:al .athlr atattoa. the U.S. ' 1.
Weather Bwnu. Hollomea AFB lllloon Caatrol Ceatu. the N1tlonl! :
Ccata for Abnalpberio Resarcb. C1~~~t1al .IilJa. Bawa lDduatrlft. ..I
Sea Space Sptcma. aad allegtt llld ualurslt6a enducdnz Mllooa
metrda. For ausptctcd utcllito lighllap ,.,. uae abe pdated EchD I
achrduk-f. NASA 111k'Uite report, 1M Smilhtonlaa North Ill Saulla I
E&Juatorial C~Gaiftp. ancl tho profns.,..IIICIYbl of the~ 0..
kclion ud Tnck;ng sysa._. F euspccleel MUio obaawtionl . .
co d6rcctly to Care ~,. Vendenberl AFB. Polat ~lap. \Yallop
lala...J. E'lia AFO. Jlolhua AFB. and Gra.IUva.

F ndar 1nalysil we CPGtec:t one of our fatemll

I
Pot photo ualysia . . 1110 falemal orcuatzatto. but also Kodak l
iD Rodwster. N.Y. Oa phyaicalapecltMna we have used the
af the Air FO!iCD W.aeriala Laboratory, Battc!J. temort.J.. the Food II
and Drug Aclminlltratlcn, LJ'bb)- Owcna. CanUn1 Cl:au. INllhate ol
Papa- CbftMary. ud the Narthwatel-a CealoGy Dqwtment. N..IIICICMia other orpnizatlou end lndlvidutll havo hclpccl lhe profld
ia the pesL No laclivlclual. P'KNDIDt &eMJ WuJtnaJ puup

hu ever lefusocl slltanee..~

'
AI IBdicated above. UFO "&htlnp . . clllrll MCJilldlaJ .. 1M
aa.pectcd rul event daat gave riM to acta
'l'he chtra~ts Ia

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:a.ta e1 .,.,.., lna W .... ruhll'm IIIII ntdaw pi UIIr'
fMRI

pnject. Ill w'dialaa ..

.n
We haw u.t 1M ICRicn ol Dr. Oaula f.

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A attialiZIPh.,._ ef eM til h41>
I

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Upper air ......-ch ta.J1aau ... t.unchr.a hy

u.1 cMJauJ':.
agmcia few
ud ather ltudlcl TheM .,. about lOG f..,
ia diametn. ua~ally ol pol)'dhylene. n.e, an be po.;aanuwd tc 1.
My at varioul allitudet hetwftn 80.000 and 1U..CJOO fed or ht&hrr 1
TIM.ir eppearance IMJ wry with the equlp~~~~ent --~ t.1ow ui
otber allach.aaeDI.. but what 11 \'kibte fnn tbe pound without Gf'lia
Mk 11 gencnll1 tho IUlO for all 1be liMed UI wry 1th the wind
from hovering in tha ume ....,. few 101M UJI up to J00 1nph I" fc ... .
Areuas. At night the balloon will dCICftld u the pa can1a ancl th f
Md da1 go bac:lc 11p to the procra.amed altitude. h .usually C'Urlc ~ .
radio bacon which II followc'tl by tracking llatlonl. u Wt'll r 1.
runniA; Ughb and ndar rcBcctan. OecasloNUy. multiple baltoa. ;.
1n1 usCd to carry hnyY ~uipmen&. Pilot rcrambled check c !
thAa kind of balloon c-nnat rNC:h Ml allltude hut an pt c1Gio eDOUI' :
10 klentify it. At dawa the t.lhaa _, appear ruddly. u t;
ova tato MJtali;ltt. ud ....llrlJ
.a ti...SC.
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..

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sur

f.

......UC,.,

~ ............ ....., ................, .... teora&ope' .Lata.

j law Jftll
Uoou Ull cbaaiba.t r. "chdnP u raeaacl Ill
.1 onJ. ocn: II lly ~~- ,. 1 IIJhl _., IMt , . . - u cwd"lo
1 .......

IIUl ... elajlr;t

............. dw

ara--

fUpt
.IN,IN afCided.,
fldarl.
\VW data II ahtaiRrd flaa at. Weaahcr ......._ AD AJr W.al..r

'

Ia alow matloD. Actatally. it IIIOVa wtda prcrvallag wtnda at the :

akkudo U& ....ahl to the ealt _. aa to the--. It MD pmbeb1y
.. pickccl up Gft radar and ftlllilbt Ia the Uft . ., enoush to ..
ld&:nai&od.by aJraalt rcnmbltd 011 ~ted b ahb purpaM. S...oddea
clluJ1IWUIRCl8 Is to be apectod at dusk. and may be n'pCIItCd u '
aaanau.c olE lnw
The ...... reDrdlon tblough folded z-nela .
aa give .......W lui.-& dlct1. Ewry elcan II sude to p.. 1o a :.
pa.ific laulda .,., reportl aatributable to up~ balltGu; dais .

It':

w,..

.........

'

&bed

..a.- cLwinc .- 1 _. .,... .. k u wt11 . , . . ,.,....,., J-

)latlala llaw, IMY MIJ ...,.~ It MO'Ir ID t. fer IIMIUP

away
dat olwnllir to esc:apt da1ll1ht .....,.. . .._ It ...,. be
nuported u blalt
~nDVinl back Md fartb. up 11MI Wwn.
, During the atcJat weiid el...u can b8 auaecl by tM red nll~&tiuc
I . beacaa lashtlt& dnt-cJa the CIIMIP1 t.foUOft will N en"alic if tl-.
1
lip& ID&:IUdet hm:riaC. Polia've idatJ&edoa II 111111IIJ simple to
..... ., c:Mc....... ~ ard"'ll., llitry- dviliaa hcl..
t

~
:

occa

b ......., ..,.... .....,... . . . .

IU&t l'gbu .,. vWble to pnad obra nn
abawe 10,000 f
feat widaaut aptica1 elM. n. riPt"'l Ire 1 plena II ....U, "1'1
brW. and ...
raw~~GC~ pdaU Jaaw aunw .,.,.... 1.
a r.~a to ballo.r.
.;;
Aa upper...... biJicaa 1 1M
MUDd ani.
f.

............
....................
...., Irl.... ......

n,

: ,....,...

.W. It . . .... ., ., , ..., ..., If a ...., acltct~w II ~

uw

t 'IJOlfttta.

l1aMI ~-~ ..,._ blanza

.tayllpa ....... aat
ua11ly llt.isbHpnt..a
dMty
It IUth wace that.
lb. oNtn uat dbtilpilh tM taw \'llaldr ...t lip. Fnqun"ly.
.. lUCia 1M repadl.,. ~ti~~DMnpanl 'by drawllllp pklurin& d..
&awed buMr u put of lM UFO. Duntlola II Jaac than far
Glhtr aJn:nft ll;htinp. .... the 8Jpt JMaaJiy iDeJuda IDaMUVIrlo
1be hquaady ....t laud spc.lccr wDUW puuanabl1 DOl b. hard
.,.,,,, the llpa were dr'll c o.tp b .-rec:t idcntllcaUoa. IAC:a~l
ID\Titfptall cu cMclc far tiM11 eJraaft. Ibn FAA replllloM-.
....... pantlt far .... llgbta.
'
.
Mnntt _.... -.~cau1 Ughled llpa . . . die eneat~al ....
ectmstln ftftpt &hit thcJ are a wally lighted at .,pt. 0.. oca
f Ilion &bt alga bghta
been lllillakela b wlndowa of much 1uc~
' craft. flichta Ull ft'lad\I'CJy liawt cht.ndedlaically 'DIMUwring 'blck
I
n--. Oat .... Oil= ou th1111M era for
I n-.. IMn 111 . . , . . . 'IR . . -.fNrd ~liM
wntba

end,_...

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Ia order. far.. anopad .. bl .......... dd&

lltl&. .
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a ze a up a 01

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e1..

wWda tM
ariiMI wleaa-.

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C) Puraeiaa

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die
1M .....

be

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conwa UFO refOIU.,. af

n .......D

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CM~ II

lllclllerl ..

1r~

,,..,.,...,..

.._.leal a&ghdn&t-

c...,..
....,
Ill b UPO 1epartL AD
O.M c.-r ... :n ar al thole '- which one _ .
a ol lnfa;ut'- rnttlal ,_ the ewlua&lon ... mlulns far 111ple IM dwat'- ol tM IIPIJas, 1M cla&e. ...... locatlan, 01
pMillaea tho .q., wn'het eoiidltkiN. ac1 lhe 'N'Il r ol ap....,_
.t~ua~..ea. 11 eao. 11 ..., lftdarioa thlt .m ..aha
. ! . ., . . , be ........,
the n....-nt o1 ....,~ay. ....,.
11wn .,.

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-17
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Aabassrt~ Ill
A~ tl

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"

pie,..._ atb. lnbtU.. Mr:lear~t awonl llrnniC'nt.

ud Giber ........ bod; I Ia Wlaca
tbJough NMw light fog.
....-, ciPuda, or .aha ...,....... uMtul condition~. tha
planet.. npcdllly v...., Jupilcr, ud ........,. '-a reported u
Uf'OI. Stellar ......
a rwce Gl ---tal rcporu.

,.

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............ IMt lped&o whid.. ,_. .,. ..... thu 30 ......

h
bit wtsible to 1M Ud eye. Wbaa a reponed object
. _ ld CJDm:ipDPCiwM Echo or PepiUI ,...... but dUplayt the
'*l"irftl di?J!"'Jt ..'kl,.lltl dun e.lue.S 11 a pobable plible

.aan.

t
'

..-lei.

llrf~

...,..,

c-so

The

_....

ligbtt. llliOit
hll IIIII aore1iaMUy ,..UOW. pun. blue. annge. ud
.,.
Waelaa . ., ... llady. '--tiftg. or
portioN al
. . ligllt . ., be - u howlln& ..... ~ooe,.
patb . .., ..
npancd llntpt uchin& ud turD ..., ... tiCribal to . . .
the 'bepainl IRCI of the light. The object Y appeer or U.
" appc11 ......,. n. .,.... ahouW be about u a1 aro , . .........
tM &vzr&
three lo ala
Wh. a a a... lllelliae Ml a light .path 0'11 1M oburwr'1 . , .
a1 1M t'- ol ... RpM (Gilly Echci aacl Pecuua IC:hedula ...
. . d) ...a at. ~ CMIIdaatioia~ .,. fulllled, the uchtillc 11

..,

ri- . .

oblta
;

141

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'

......

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0... tatrlsuiag. cltNIG a Ill the II lhtal

lrl ttr
will also tllutrate how wtdcly
1
....
ud tndivkluab coopa 61 the UFO pojed.
0. 24 Apd1 ls.H at J'JW01111Ute1J 1745 taoun. a 5aaDo. New
Weico. police GtRccr. LoaWe Zamora. wu ltaclecl tou~h chuM&
apeedin& automobile whea he ..iddeniJ heercl a rau and uw a
..... in the sky to tho aauthwat. He deddecl to let tile tpeedlr
go .. fa..- of faw:atigaliDJ 1M lame. IManue thlie wu a ~
IMc:k m thlt uea ancl u she have
up. He .._.. npa
.ro a pawJroed that na by the sb~ek.
AI he WU clriviDS lowly Jon& the ............ IMw . . . .,
ldll just ahead fuDMkbaped lame. w....h aad 101t o1 Gnn&
TM bese ol lhe lew wu hidden behJnd 1M Jtm.
wu 110 " .....-ed wkh it. He W trauble cdDJ the., to U. lop ef 1M
hill bae~~ttM olloo pawl; heW to II)' three times belen he mad
I. AI .. ruched the tGp of tM Jam .. aw dday obfct to the
tOUdt. &WI IH Ill die tl)wlle
about 150-200 JUdi away.
I

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I Ill Rill .. It In h ".. ............. - .. .. "" .....111 ; .

... lilt _.,,.fatal nn .... 11 P'h~
11 .. I . . . . . .
18 ... nzm at whJ. wf h 1 . . . . . . r11 &
jAI I wu all6r ...,_ I Ill aull -"Int. n. ....d .
WI .. f

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.. . .....

n7Pu..~-. 11 W Ia wh'z ''"" -

rn

Ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

tunU., ...... p1 nC, ...

= ._,.

P:uiiR& 1a pad llcdeh Lua lk6rk

a11 ..., a eu
... N.t ...._ Nt.... 11111r .. edtet lltn ....,.... Ca. . .llcditl
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'Illite en ............._ 01t him. Thtre Js allo .. 'Juadoa about %afltrn"l .'
tdbbility. lie il wiMM pollee olicrr. a piJ1u., hb churdt. aNI
nm wdl wnt-d .. nlalplzlng airbon 1 "-hides tn hb era. fie ~
II pu:atecl by what .. ancl frankly. 10 ue - . 'niJa a. the ~
~-doeunwntcd rue record. and llitl . . M" '-" uaahle. Ia . .. j
~pte olt~gh lnvntlption. to 8nd the wa..cle Glhar 1tlat11h !
that IICafed 1.amora lo lhe poiDt af panic.
:
Duri~g the COUI'M al the investigatloa ud
lbcueafter. :
wer)thnc that wu bumaaly JIG'1 ible to veriiJ wu
Raclt
Uon In the leading area was chcckei witll Gd&er countm fftMia .
ICirtland AFB. Tlttt llollomaa AFB lalbPa c-tra1 enter .....
c:h&.ocbd for. balloon activity. All loaa1 1111._. pel Air Fce haM~ ' ,;
waa ehec.W for nlue al weather t.Uocr &. Hellco?t Mtlvlt !
was ch&.-cked throughout the state of New )fnlca. Cowmmcnt and ;
av&wta aircraft were checked. 1'1ll reconulul\~ diYfsion In the . .:
Pentagoa wu ct.-ked. The White l'oll Command Pall wM !
dlcklll. n. ~ .. HoUatua API .,.. laterviclwfcJ ar ~ _;
llnatla alaaut apdalld~
bla blr& J)Qtteofan& C'GDirOilm ~

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n_. WU . . UPUIUaJ
ldivity, M

abe wcallur wu wJady but dat. 1'hae wae DO m~rkings of 1

J tGit tn lbe area except ~ ~hallow -aect Cbava aad Zamora (auod.
I TM 1061 1ulyaa dilcbed ao fareip . .ltr1aL Rldialioo ... ......J
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ot H,PGI't. Old aq ga1dcnUt14 obJect 1'e11 b 2o11vSu terJOltoz>l' neu the Arpntl
ordor Ve ca onl7 7 that h&entlne and V:ou".:&J&n rdlo atat!~ns an repoJO'in&
t.bll ev~:a. mor. tz.e_q'l!cnU7. UJ1Da thd ~olSY1an we.o:-1t1e. hve v,cult17 req:::nto4
aaalatance 1'rGa the v.s. attonal Aerorut!cl and a.-a.oe A~A1 ~at1cll in arC:.r to 6tk~
aSr.e t:bi mtve ot \?ad "'-toll cJ"Uhd en a ll1U !Ia Sol1v:an ta..-1tozo;r. ~t a r.v aia
ta GO h410 n Espeot.tdol' ot Jlor.tn!C:.o anr.:-~-.ee4 ~..a' then wu ~l't&Sat:r u t.
.
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....

Arp:\tlfte C"Ccea bc!l4ate4 that the 't.cr&!er v1th lio11Y1& ha4 hon c1oae4 ~.at ~at It . . .
a1~t IOCft ' ft0~~4.
abo reported tblt a anldentUle4 o'bJeot t.a4 rallen BoUwlan adl I)CG' :t-.e Art,lenU.ne ~~cr
~~~ lccl! ZDUrlar. autl:wlUea hal! r.cuer!o&
eftl tru the eentr:ll a:r-nrmut vhlch. b to:n:.. ~4 ac-:r;tt atl11~a..,oa ~cr.~ tl)e 1r.1.
~at~ .k1'G4o-v~u ":act s,.co la1nlltra~!o.'1 ~; !:!;e:~~pt tM oue.

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A !.I Pu atlls~ro
tc4q tlla' Vlen 1 ;:-91~ s.n:eruc L'1 harD1~ atoat the utc
or tbe h11CQ co~:ce~. a.lcUn,: that local auU.c:o!'!ltl tr::- cteu:'tt'7 reuona laa4 oQI"(.orA ott
100 ~ arcx.n4 t!oc s~t ~:!':4:: UA olJ~ct rd:.. '!; cc:t:: 1: r.::~ to'' a e.'\:ntcal
6rl1ce vttll. a 41.:~o~tn ot ahwat " ' Mtc::l) .-~1dl bas elruc!J' hera bl'O'.af#lt to ~uot~a.
n~:-. la !ntc:ca~ JA ~tor.:Wiinl ~~ aeccaq c:' tr.e recrh vhtc:h b&Ye 111'4 ~111~
Uu>cuJt.out UJ. c~U..-w:nt,. Pl'tlolZlu-17 Lot z~:!-..:.a a:: 1~a ~!~~iDC e~l:fttrln. J ~~
aat~l11~ a ~:~c:tte ~ a t~ae ala.-:t

~lalll 1.0 Kq

78 11 If

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lcelal1t I'd~ [:='!1] l'ucntlJ" h414

CcwC h at:att4 thd ~.q turn ah

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= Q 'H CY""JIOIUS4 1t J01lt.1&al 8:h1 elcdor
YlO!eftCO .lnOI"eUel. lie atW U.&t the P':"O.tG!III
t ~~ evca:~Ullq to par&&ee Uoe
1U7 .r &he eGIWl\.17 'DMH carts nr
c.Je '7 &Lo )!ellYla!a ...~~~en' dvf:l& a
0\"0'1" ~.e :tde-cvnflc1 h1ew1clf08 ~tv~,.-~.
Jl&nzel" llaa ~~ JA po<Je' 1 7U'8 14 bopel
nu the pwei'GMtft\ te tho cnOI-..
~~tao wins u.o elections c ' .JR17. D!e 2o11Y
peatemt alco F&bU.cl:l abte4 lalc GC;.J:DI'
' tbe at'l'lclal c=-!Uaw. Gea ~ ..n4a
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~~ft vt!Un: to nr1.. ;.,!:> p~ata.

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..,Uaa ..~ ~ :'!l..:-t tb:at ~="7 1.-'<~o.. a ;~ ~: d!-;tS~ t.:2~ .~u. ;,;\A.-w \t.r.l:" ~~,. ...
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IQ\OilCIO tba' eboolt U.. . . . . tbll Moll: J1aM - ' . .,. ........... U..t tiM JIIOpll ia I II'" ... IDAIII P'OYSAcln nparM4 I"SIIC a ft7iDI aauv II 111&: a
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a'NI trw 1&1ta a.tS:. "'-' till U'Utlet.al ltMlUh taU .., 9a1N ........
~una. were st ... alftadJ 1onte4 'IIJ ntauwlU 1!4 .... nrce ua..
... U'U 'tlbiN tbe U'Uftdal aaMUlM ~U IYI .... UclaN4 U I II'&IMJ - .., I

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or !AterD&Uoaa1 ,..,.,.. Sa In tork OIJ...J ...,..

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tM
ae 1&14 tbat IH WU:

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ue tlOO .nuOD t ezplonUcm
tzuaf~ , , b eb--' to

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- a f_,.ar 1attla "vttaa a lud-l,aar pace ,_1D4.
s.at:s., a.. ud ta..aro~ pouaw4 te . .
t.ta acr-uellt ftN, at t:be t's- of

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ICIDtz-7 01' M

DSmlC'l'laiS 01 PmZAMSrtw tstunau..~~ nDcta ba1 'lph.ll.d Uw restrbUaa 1M II

pnotaUon ot fiN~. SDel'OIUnl suU !!!d 1ar11-cal1Mr batllll aru, .ta I l1r ..
. .SAtalA atrld ecmtro1 the ot
ts.rearu. AGtbDI'lsat10D fDI' ah!s-at at
abc:Nl4 be .-.qw:at:ell ,__ local alltho1'1
aa4 v1l1 lie n114 WI' tor a
lillt t;Sce,
!"J"auportatSOD or sCDe ae.S.automaUc
aatJOeattc r11'1ea Sa 'llaoaA4 an4e.r "

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aper1z2eDtal FOP'._ trma&1tte4 11J aierovave t.b11 welca~ !be 1crowa" 11 ..uJ
cmnect Santa ao.. vital t.he uUou1 a1ruvua
throll&b u. ett,. ot bia ll~
, .._. .... &iNa KrAll SA Spent sb ll)O Gil! 5 llq

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(aa.=a

AU. -..11! Watloaal 'felecC*Nlleati.CIIftl CP''V

wU1 WUCUJ'ate a 1Ntel'lae4. 'otallJ' ..uratnldo wiu av1tch~OU'4 trlf' !Atennt-..
sa-Yues llcodq. \'bi Dft 1Vlhb~ou4
pel'llit: u I.Acr..ae Sa thll mw et
aunua to 1,200. u a aouequeue of the
ot the Dev telu Nntral, OaanMllll
&I&C'DlOilC:

h\e - - - - - -

:.
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2 0 JUL \96t;

IIWOru\}iDtnal FOR:

StJBJl.:CT:

..

CIA/O:SI ''Report of the Scientific Panel

on Unidentif1e.d ,nying Objects" dated
February 1953

1. Mrs. Sara s. Eunt, of the Office ot Int

Office of the Secret~ry of the Air Force, visi
B. St~venso~n 19 July 1966 to ~iscuss an Air
quost to d~assify the referenced report.

'

tioo.
D.

~ .
..t.'-':

re

..

. '
tric- / . ~...,=:;~j
P. : . 'd.,-:. ,..

:.tr~. Hunt

)..

indicated that t .hls reqt~cst was

gered by the 12 !Ja;y "CES Reports.. program.. ~. B.
Robertson, Chnirman ot ~he p3nel, was on the stlow a.nd repcrte<ily nade sufficient references to CIA involvement in
mu .a.nalysis to cause a press reaction.. .
2.

..... .
l,\ ' : ;:,C.. '

,'),..-

..

A review of the docJ~euts supplied by ~~s. Bunt

shew-ed tha ..!r. Phil 5tro~ :tnd approved a similar Air
Force re:tue
n Dccenber ..~.37. This resulted in a sanitized version of the original consultants' report. ~~s
report presented most of the conclusions but it did not
refer to tile originAl meeti~ min11tes, c:>se histories, or
indica.te CIA involvement.
~.Irs. DaldwiPJ bas CSI copies
of the reports a~d correspon ence).
3.

..
'
..

'-..

~,

. fj .g

4.

Although the Air. Force request now in OSI does

DOt ro~uest additional dec:lnss1f1cation, Wrs. Hunt e~
press~d the view that this was intended.
!~s. Bunt said
tb~t t~e Air Force is no~tryiug to decl~ssify all u.s.
Governoent work on DlO's.
. .
"
. s. In~smuch as my review of tbe originAl material
suot~ed t~at si~~~!ic~nt

deletions would be

for

J"'. .."--... ... t -

.

further d~cla3~1f1c3tion, I sug~ested thnt ~s. Bunt Ask

tbe Air l'orce origin~tor to submit a second request, if
they WQntcd d~cl~ssific:~tion of additional material froa
tbe .minutcs and case histories.

requir~d

- ' .,.,..,,r . -

'

.~

. ...
.
.

..

. ..

_7

...

. . ...

'

. .... -. ..

I. .

..

sunJDCT:

Air Force

Req~est ~o

Declassify an OSI

on

P~per

UFO' a

..

.... .
.
.
6. ~s. BQnt said tba~ a more specific request would
be sent to us 1u the near future .

~-i Loomi~}is h~lding 'the recent A ir P'orcti request. -f.;:

.
7.
unti1 l!r

unt con acts us.

..

Distribution:

Orie

1 - Addressee
2

.. .

DD/CSI

OSl/DSD/AC.MB~'tfmSte~enso~SJjm/7621

. .
.

2 - AC!.$/DSD/OSI

..-. ...

(20 Jul)' 66)

!'>

...

..

..

..

.. .

...

-- .. . - .- - .

-.... - . ---- ...

- - - .. ..

-"

.....

..... ..- .
..

.. _ ..... - -

._

.. .

SUBJECT:

'

Air Force Request -to Declassify CIA

REFERENCE:

lJFO Report

1.

..

Memo for Chief , DSD/OSI, dated 20 July 66

uts_. Sara Bunt of Air Force Office of Infon.a-

~s3

2.
her .that' .the decla.ssified repor\? \ir'as bcing .ret
and
would be fo2warded soon.. Uiss Hun~'s restraint was admirable. She pressed gently for a more specific response,
which was not forthcoming

I
I

'

---.

.told

~
Upon instructions from~. Walter Macke

..

3. Uiss Hunt concluded by saying that Ur. JohnLeard,

a nowsman, had an article on UFO's in last week's Saturdal
Review. She stnted that they wanted to show the uew ver&ion to him as soon as it was declassified

tion phoned on 10 August to determine the status of our

response to their request.

12 AUG1SS~

~-

.. .. -.

.:. :

..

... -.

1-f- .......

. . .. . .

... .

B. STEVENSON

Distribution:
Orir & 1 - ACMB/DSD/OSI

2- DSD/OSI

OSI/DSD/ACMS

. (3::5 .

~asteve~so;.jsJm/76~

. .

(11 .lag 66)

.I

'

(fSD

'

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:.t~iou=: ~~~t tmtllcr pul:rlic!.ty uot b~ c!"1Qn

th:1t. t~o- p~t: vl t.-as. fi~l:=~..cd '!.;7 t:-:c:t Cnntr~l

Ir.tol:1~. -:;::-:.-3 !.~:::.c1.

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!l.Ut~o:.~-==~ 'th~ li:::~tu;t

clia~uz~!c~

in tt\&

to .

c"':m:le

f,r~bo.r, ~~

. __ __:.

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.....

8. On 10 .Au~at the Air Foree 1.epreaelrt.:r.t1ve ca.ll eel to ::.ak about

the at:ttus ot oo.1r n * .

She t:.:tcd th~t llr. John LeQ.r/1 a newsm:m, bs4

~JU'bllshecl :m ~icle

on UFO'a in th3 .S:!.~ ~ev.

(See G.ttc.ebment

p::a.r.-.~

E,

~i a

aph 3)

vas the t1rst 1ndicat1cm. l!nrin0 the rec:ent int~r=:;ngea

that the

V".Mlted to rcle:.&e the Co:!lp1ete CU report to the public.

15 August a declc.ss1f1ed version or the

On
I

1953

co~lete

l."e,:IOrt

0
I

(See att~cbnent F)

vaa tor.::.rded to the Air Force.

Prior to USAF receipt ot the OSI

l.O.

the .M r Force

~~

tviee on 16 August to dete:~ne the status

or our response

--

!l'hey cal led

at~d

to ask

u.

~an ed

on 18 Auaust to request return ot the USAF

a&31 t1

co,y of the CIA re_port '\lbicll hod been sent to us tor s:m1t1z1:cg..

(See

attacb;;e.,t Gj

;3_3

..

. -.. .

.. ._ .-.

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f

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t

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--... .

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---.. --

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'

NATIONAL INV.ESTIGATIONS COMMITTEE .

;.
0

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L

- - --~ -

I0

ON AERIAL

PHE~OM1jA

. WASHINGTON. D. C. aoo~

---osMn

. September 2 . 1966.

'

.I

anANT DUtKCIOit

atCNA.D N. NAU,.

Starr.

'.

Washington, D.C.

. .
'

Co~~ttee,

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Richard Hall
Assistant Director

.......

Sincerely yours,

llH:h
cc:DEK

:. - ~ .

~~ile the !n!ormation is current and topical. we woul~

l1keto have the opportunity to study this document. Therefore. we are appealing to you in the hope that an interminable delay can be forestalled.

.
..

We would like to obtain a copy ot this CIA report ..

earlier versions o! ~hich were released by the Air Force.
However_, our experience has been that direct reque~ts
to the Air Force are not satisfactorily answered or ~onths_. sooeti~es not at all. Also, because or personnel
change~ it is no longer clear who in the Air Force is
considered responsible tor release or auch inf'ormation. .

..

'

'

..

In the Septe~ber 3 issue of" Saturday Review, science

editor John lear reports that ~he C!A .has recently released a so-called "sanitized" version o a 1953 scientific
panel report on Uni-dentified Flying Objects . (UFOs). This
article, incide."ltally, miglrti make a good addition to your
files on this subject_, since it touches on the 1asue o
public information policies on the UFO subject

Dear Sir.s:

1I

..

Freedom of Infor.cation Subcocv1ttee

House of" Representatives

I.
.

Government Operations

.I

na c.ott"&enc:w .r.va..'

M.UOit DOll&~ t. t:tiiOII:

tiNC: t.W.t ~lt&JUit

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.SCIENCE & HUMANITY

fI

.........

DEPAITN.cNTS: Resarch In Americ:l Letters to the Sdence Edilor

ARnCU: The eoa.pYter, the Eye. the Soul

..

1'HE DISPUTED CIA DOCUft'lEI\T ON UFOs

l li

N this sp:aee Jast momla. then ~ Rainier in the Cas=des [seet.:nzut,

pe~red a "putt on tl1e twenty.yeaJ~o page SO}) lw been bunrin~ snme m;

old ;ugwnent 0\'ef' wltetler pl:anet

artlt is being d.mdestinclr esplomi by

intelli:e:ltly 'uided nl1icles from pboeu of st;m other than canh's sun.
report ~ by pointin~ OQt tl~t the
D:uwmi:m tlacnry of cnoiu.tioa lw scour.a~;ed mndcm astronmnm to accept
tJJe idC3 d~t the s;.ics must hold hundeeds if not tlaous:mds of p!ant:b oa
wltich livjng crtatun:s h:l...e evol~-ed to
level of intcru~ence ef]Wi or supaiot
to tl.e intl!llii:~"f\ce ol e:1rthmm. ~ut.
tl1e RI'IOrt ~ted scicntilic specul:.cioos
conccminst pgssihle 'isib to ,t.\rth by
intersteU:v extursiouisu in ye;us ~
by. Fin~Jy, tbc report rm:.<k de:u t)Qt if

n..

~
t
1
I

,t
'I

'.

Jeft bchin~ tlacrn n~ unequivocal rciics

oc other sJ~u uf tl~C presc..cc.

li~tcnt life ek"Wlterc tlwo on nrth is one

tLin_.
To bdtc:Ye t}Qt JmJe of &M hazo.
..
1lier 1Jedrncns ()r tl1o1t hie l&a,e sun'i\'ed
. h.~-ars ol
. JG-1SC t.1w~I1 ~a~~. 11,:

Jp:lt'C (:a lt~ht-yClr zs .,,tiS() bi!iaau mib

b1~ :and tlae llM nc:-MC:St to ti~e Jltn is
' 4.25 Jis!lat)'~ :lW;t~) ~d Janeiro an
.r.arth w4tltWt wrecking any of their
. ships or Jcavin.: instnuncnts ~r b :s or
. :u"ticles ur duchin;: or cwn fnntprinc.Le-J"ud b quitr. auoth~...-. C"..ousillc~. for cnm..
~tive llll'}liJk"S. the ;anxNnt ol de:
hris e;artlamC'e alrr-.ady !&ave scaUcaed
over tllc: lll410tl pn.,r.tr.&tnry tn landing
\ tllCID~Vcs oa tl~ moon, whK-h nrbits
! only 221,503 to !.52-U.lS miles out fmm

''

coarlh.
.
11ac: u.aitccl ~lt.'$ Aw

19..:8

FMCC ~C'C
(the )""'.ar a!LCT Idaho hu.w~~

Ic"uc:ll ArlJ ~~ 6..: s.aw. while~ l'i

lutin.: lau 0\VJl pluac ,na tlac toectlic
~it c.r tlais ollUllrv.
"a cl&ai&alil.c fonua

:L.m oi ,H..c-sl~;~l">t:d ubK:ds.. ptrt'CJilaUnJ:

pecta~lar J110aUtuv..:n arou11&1 MuunC

..

1M edited copy &ns twenty-three

'

'z .,

fot years.
Tlu~ l)uestionJ r.afsed by the ClA cell

t.'. ~
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.\t S.R'a

MIH.'SL clurinJ: tl1e perWd

wl~ Jo.Jt mmuh's UFO n:part r.as being

p&epamf. r.bjor llcc:tot Quint:mi!h. Jr.,

of \\'ril!lot-I';at:f'r!llln Air Fon:e l~ at
D<~\1un.
Oiaic. dirct1ur nf tlw. nl.r lka&tk

l'mjc-c1uuclt-r wJaid1 lifO si~luin~ a.re

alJC1liiC'rdal. fnnnoall~ u.skl"Ci '~"ifi<'ae
tiot of tlac 1\ubcrta"' panel min11tcs.
rnwtT to mnovc tho scad bht~l fmm
th~ partit"lar tnt f"'Sircl with the: Ccntr.ll lnlc:ili..,~tuce A~\.'nl')' IIC'Cluse CIA
I~ sunumMI('tl (J.,. J\:ll~t'l. Sinc..'O publia&

tion ~tf Sl\'s rt'llCK't &.&!!>~ mnuth. CIA la.'\S

J:J~t.'U ~~"~" Quiut:uaill.& a "IOluitizetl'"
(ullicWc..'!ie: wurd nll'o&uins: . "'c~itcd1
vcninh of tiiOlie miunh:s. "nd dac Ma;c, bas .:in-n :1 c."UllY nl tlac: vcrsn1 to

SR tlmnJ,!h the Air l;trt"C Office of lufonn.aliou in Waslun~tuu.

p:sges. N~
wl1ere in the script is there an indication

ling of the Robertson p:~nel minutes :arc

furtl!cr com~ted by a COinp;arutive
reuling of the censored vcaion Dlongsidc the one-pago Jepott tl~t be:&rs tl1e
si~tures of the Robertson p:1nelists.
n~oe Jq1Nt'a luU text. with tbc names of

'

j
.

\V:as

tl.,

'""-ll

st~tcd in tl1~ document

"'that
\.'ViclM~Ce pmented on Uniclrmtilicd Flying

Object. sllOWS no indJcntlon th.'\t alk'H

pl1cnnmcr~ ~1stitute a din..'C:t physic-.al
tlwc:at to DOllional ~rity .. and tl1:tt
tl~t"rO is no resicluum of QSCI \vhkh in
clit..ates pJK:nomcn&& whicb 0111: :altribut~- .
Me to foreign artifncts capolhle of 1...
tile acts. ~ 1n tho lig1at of this con-
du.Wia, the p:mcJ rcc:onuncndt'd th:at
the n:tional security "J.'CUC:ies t:tkc.
ilun~i:ate steps to .trip the: Uni
dcntif.c.d FJ)ins; Ob~'Cts nf tlar. "ltecial
ICAtUI dlC)' huvc bccu ;ivaa and tlc

publi.-oict.l in S/1 lau

mnnth under the mistaken dcsi,alAtion
<tf a summAry. The pim:uy conclusion
its si::;;c:-s,

lt~ndmisi%ed typescript

ment of harciw:1re of a flying s:auc:er...

SR's ~nee witnr beu.va t~ the of how many lines or p:\ga of the orig
surch l1 netted hh.<lolutely nothing, }le Ina} minutes were deleted, 01' wl~t -was
10 believes ~use he bas rnd thm.td\ the nuturc of the ddedons. why any
all but one of toe once-secret dossiers the deletion wu necessary to protect the
Air Force lw l.'t'pt on lJFO:; (unidenti- ~ti<ln &Oft\ its eueanie1.
ficd fl~in~ objects), lie c:ut."''It 1M: Clft'tain, l.o~,w. because tbc one exeetJ CIA"S insistence on editing in the E:ace
tion-tl1e minutes n! a meetintt of a p:ule1 of an Air Force request for unec'lulvoeal
oE eminent JOrzltio:t le:ldCU by JI. P declossiJicatiou of a thirteenyear-,old
R~n of tlJe c,Jifomi<t Tnstitute ol clocument i.s unfortunate. nMt very exTechnolo~-is still d:lssiu~ in the ff'dse of cmsor~hip suggest tbGt Yiul
seact mtegory thirteen yctrs :after issu- in!o~tion of long-r:lllge signiJi~nce
anc:e of the pancfs rcpon in 1953.
"'~Y be witllhcld for st~tegic rc:lSODS.
That C!A. not the Air Poru, is tl.e con
J -~ l
~
1
~,' :
sor is susceptible to intefl'ret:atJun u ll
1ign that whatever- dab is mi~~~ has
daodestine Jmpljotions-prec.isely tbc
li.
\.l ~ /1f i , .: Pi.l~ ~"' ~J
~\' ~ 1~Mq\\ :~i;, ~~{!,;i~ :;.
ebirD t1w UFO f11.01 h.ve beco makin&

la/~-Wr J, 1966

I
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.

r---~._,:;--~- ~- -

... --- IIIII- - -

ur

aura an)'SC~Tt tlacy IIO&Y.. IUifurhmutclr

Mq&aim:l (a.ud tl101t1 an intq:ratcd
pntJUotm [s1anukl be) d~i'-"ted tu rt.L'I ~ the puhlk of tl~e tuteal lo.ck of evi-

dence oE ia.imk-al forces behind the

phenomena."'
Uctall.s

'J
t

t.

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or the

propnscd -intqtn&tw

proGJUm'" of public nnssoarancc ca.l,)

nnt, of cnnnc:. be spelled nut i" a sin.:lc
pa~ Tlw:y nml't be lnn1.-ed lnr in ll10
text of tire atinut("S. Ar. lon;: as the nuly
awa1:abJe veuiuu of dle minnt" is An
edited one. tlac intc11tions of d~e panelists are bnluKI to be di..,ptata! bcc:III1.'1C
the editing (IJ'Dt'CU )a., left in the minutes int~l evitlent"C oi what appe:lrl
to be a sbift in emphasis by tl~ panelists. Instcnd of tl1c text si~l bv the
poan~~ts urad t)uutcd immctlb.lel~ above,
the venion of the paneJ report :LI edited
b, CIA c.ondudcs u follows:

ardc:r mnst

e1Tet:ticly

In

SCftDJ:tltet~ lliC' nntiuo.-\1 f:lciliti~ fftt

the- timely nocnstnitiot. 11nd the appropriat~ h:unDitws: IX true inclic:atinns oE

hostile action, and tn minitniH thc:o ~

clanl%eft alluclecllo abo~, the

pand rec:otnanC"nd:s:
Tb:lt the MtionaJ KCCUrity 8J..'"""ia
CORlii.:Uit

ta'kc

iftuatod~tc:o step!! to sLrip lhr.

Un-o

iclmtiiK!d l:"Jyin~ Ohjccb II{ the

arpcdoal tt:atw thl!) have ''""' lriww
and the au r4 of UJYl!tC"'')' dJCY ltaYl'
-anlortunatdy :aettuird. Wc:o ~~=l:'tt
tla.'\l lhi.r aim n1:1y be acl1i.'\'ft! by an
in~ed pi'J')Unuu uMiltflfti tn ft'sutt- the puhfic
d~e lnbl b:k ol
~c:e of ilrimiCll fCJrC'flJ bd.ind
the pla&.'Mme'na, 10 tr.Un JM"' annnel tD
. Meosulizc and ~it fa!Je incliQ.
.lions quickly and eiTmiV!'Iy, and to

or

~ftl.."lbcn ft';Vlnr chanMl.

Ear the

~tiM of and !'n,.npc rnctinn to

taue in&licstious r~f hosrjJe meaaares.

~_- acm:mU~

cd to lp:&te lt:lwl&n . One nl dn. p;ttlt'l

IIIC!UI11-r1, in l.1 i~ llR"Mo-ntoatinn, shnw.-.1
huw lao lwtl limin;!tt.'\1 c:ooad1 'p{ tltc
kuow11 amJ p ...l,.thk c::aulft of ais:ht

in&:~.lc::w\n:; him hic} "~tr:ltt.T~tr~l'"

aa tbc 1111ly CIIM: n:maiuin~: ill many

-------

Eat:~\ o(

lhe Olt:y of our l.est w~t

illp thAt we pwe till! Rcicntisl.l Co
study hAcl10me kind of a lonpl~ In
na.1ny en.11:'1 the )DOphub crre er-

m1o1ll, but lcimtiGe cmaln:aliun

lw DU room for 1:\'t"n lLe ...,:.Jica oE
loopl10l('l ncl wt~ had Mhd for
-tciontit'ac evaluation.
When thc:y Janel ftNN'tl cnrnme,.,r-

tnmc]y

Comparison of the texts of the 1istned

iDJ( 011 tbe r~pnrb. 1M acicfttiM.J

pninted aut dll" ~tTiousnr.la of llM' cJe..
cillinn tJK'Y luul 1~, &~ked to DJ.'lkc.
n~r J&Ucl tb.-" they l~a~l trit'Cl hl.nl to
IJC objectlw ond not tG he pica)'Unblt.

report. the ClA wninn nl the rep.-wt.

and the CIA venion ol d~e minutes behind the &T.jJort le:~.ves nn mom wl~:~t
ever for douhl tl1.11 the p1mel ns :a whole
could not brins: itwJf tn aceqJt the
the-sis tla.1t UFOs are intcrstellur veb.l
des. The n1inut~ cnnblined one espe
daily pointed observation:

but actnanr an

wet

JIAd was draun

Jltantial nitlcmc.T. ("".,U cin.'Vlll'.,.nli:U

. eviclc1~ to Je -~. but we had noti...
In; c:On.:rettt. no Ja:utl~, -no pltntu& .
.howJnJ( any dc&llil ol A tJFO. DO
Jnel\Rarcd .spcc:cb. nltitu<ka., or lizl.,_
aodaihg in the way of KOOd, Jwd.

AUmtion .Mnttld be c1in.'Cted to the

nquimnent NNNlJ: K"kntisb lhot
new ph.-nommoo, to be ac:cq~.
mu.ct be completely ancl c.-onYincin;ly

cokl, sckntille lo.da ,

. In their cnaclus looa tl.., taudiC'd
upon tho poc5ibility that tlaeo UFQ,;

I~Jcl

pm1cJ's ddihcrt~lifns. 1mhli~IM'd n a

buut.: :authored lw tlK' J.11c Air l='urcc
Capt~in Eclwa~nl j. l\nJl)ldl alter C.'tpt:ain Rut,('ch left lis 1,., as ~'id of
Project !Slue Uuok. Rullttclt's vnlumc,
titlrcl Tl1r. Rt,aort ,, Uuitltnli(icd Flying

an Air Force offit'er . to pct"Sundc the

panel tl"'t UFO, might be interstellar
vehicles, Rllppclt_wrote:

tmntly unlilcl)-, :.md tl.e c:onc:attnation

of their :att~ntinrt by any c:ontrolbble
~.zns c:onlined tn In)' nne cnntineat
ol the earth quite ~emu&.

. .

l'q1UrlJ lhat we MC
WCJUkl h~elic:ato tl.at thil is

IIOIIIC\'r..

J~F 1ER revjewing hif own cJTurts ~

tkma) l~h~ tlt.'\n"" the r.mh a-

..

n:ad dtat
takfn;l place.

aHronomic:U koowkd:.:e of tho aolur

.,-stem mAkec tJ~e exi'lt"-nc:e ol iatdJi;ma! [aiel l"~eins:s ( u we know the

11\iJ:)lt

IJe .IOII'C

und~en:d

t)'Pt! nf IIC'W W . . )'rt

n:acural placnt"~Wrnou.

1Ae)' a1.11ae1a:d that tht,.h:klnt ICi\'m

this too ~h crctll'tl('r: JloDWC'\n . if

che UFOs Wc1'C! a

IJC'W INUuml

'

phr-

Dtftlelfl. tl.: npo.,U of llarir #l'fW't'aJ 111,.

pcanmc.oe 1huuW follow a d.-linit.o p.-ll

eern-tlae UfO

rt"ppO1s

dicln'r,

1'1-ti& endftl tl1o1 ....etba ol lire

p:J,M'rs ft'J'IIft ll.al mvc-n"l llatoir '-'lll.clullinM. ~J1tl' IK'Xt ~t'dinn W;u; n.tillcd, "IL.,..,IIUIIll'IMI:~tiona;." J iuJiy ~~
J'l'ctftl dml tlorr wn.aLJ ""-'"11lMk'lld

tbat Wt' at lc:ast rt'!Cinc..- &he ac.-tMIK-5

ol Project D!tac lJook if aot t'lltae.-1 Jc

:I

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contin.'ly.
The IJo1nC'I did11'r l'f.'C:'nii\U\&nd da;&t
the M:t.ivitic-s of

m..,.

Book Ill!

!
I

l'Ut

hoc\:, ami II~<")' c.li&Ju't rrautlt."lac.l tl&:.t

11 bt dropJ'It"l. Tlny l'r'c:OIIIIWIMl,-.1
tJ~t it be 1'.\J'Imdl"Cl. Tno tn.my ol tJ1e
UilOft:J 114cl ~" m:ttle hr ~Jil,le
o~TVrn. 11..: noptrl s.'Ud, P"'l'"' wl.10
shaul.l lnlCJW wl101t tl~t")''ft' Juuk&a..: ~t
-jX'Oplc wlto &hitak aLut~ we care-

Sill Sept~..'"'" I, 1966

~.

iyiDif

at the time of tbcir clisc:owery

twenty In diirry )'t':aft un. n,il wu
an atUtuck in whic:h annthcr of the
pant'~ nJemhns did nne c:nnav. u hu
f~lt th...,t .-,ch artifa~:a wnulcl be of
imntet:ll.-,le And S:te\1 ~ nne only
to &Jae U.S, bnt to all countries. (~h.
Ina; liMo 1 coaumnn thrt'tlt io waite
peoples!) 1t w;u& nnt~l tl~t pramt

"

Nor b .,, iA\p&Uile &bat

thcle m-atura CI'Uicl J~ n:ac:hcd
tuc:L a 5tale al elc'Yt'lot'ltnent abat tJ1~y
could vi,ft llw. enrtl. Unwnc:r, d~ton:
b nothin~t in all of tbe -.ctllcd
c:real1lrft.

D)'S were

dorumnted.
ln odtn wt~nlll.,dtr bnnlm nl pmof
il ao the ~hter, 1110t ll~e eapbiraer.

:r-.... :/.

We a ltiOIP do DOt Ldic-1: &Jaat

ft .II ilnpwihle lor ..nc otl'" ~}Qtial
hody to L.: fula;&billl&l h:r mtcll~..."'t

jed to sdmtific muly. jnst u CD~~nic

NL a
quibble may
involved lK.'ft, but if d..at iJ JC nn arbitrarv
piece of c:cu.'IMllllip lacntld be aliowcd h.
.ervc as l& ma~nifrin~: s::las5. For tl~CTC i1
added.t!\'Klcnce, in the t"Clited \~Rim of
k ..ue tla.t is
open by
tl10 minutes IUJlllurtiu.: the rt"{>Ort itself. dte Ci.\'s f'ditin.: is wlK'Ilan- &he juleoi at lc-.&St a nanmcnt3ry diiiermcc of J:r.ded pruJ:r-ollll" ttf puhl~ rawurana3
.:...op!nioo ol an \11\Sf:atctl cl~ l!e amnn~: the . pm~ in the nubrrtJCnn p:mcl's il:"r.d
panelists. TIJAt c..idnM:e rc::tds:
11'f10r1 \\":l.C intend"I tnclt.1c-m1 iue whcdlt"f
UFOs mh:ht hr inhr.~tt'JI:ar ''ch id~~ ::fler
It -.;~s inhon'liCin..: tn 1aot ti~ ,.,.,..
aD or wlactllt"r the IJI&rpc-.c c-f the pro of tLc ~"''"of &itt' f"!nd WI.'"' [Jic}
posal w~~ to cnmiuc."t' thr puhlit" lo bo
btl, &u -~ cl~<&t &hi anh auil!jl
krortical of tlyinJ: suucer ,,mp:tJ::tntb..
he Yiait~( hy ntr.ltt'IT&~Irio.IJ in&t.Ui
nlc issue b:d been a &itnmc-rinJ: one

l:rt!C'e f irJ l~o~-in&:s ttf ~ ~rl. Sl\mC"

lttt the la5t 1<'11 yl";u,; brc:uL'C uf "'' und;ty. WJ.ut dac-y cli&1 uut lirul " 'ItS ant
audmri7.cd lllUIUJmr) nl the llubcon.un
C'Yideac.T that rl'fah'tl du nl.it.-ct~ is:lat.

- .. ...

Objed.t. is still in print as aa Act: puperback. Its cl.aptcr lixtecn. hc:aclcd -rho
Hierarchy P&Mtdcrs. ,:ivC-' tlae wording
ol d\e opcninJ pir.lJtr.lplt of tJac RoliCtt101'1 p;aneJ report as ColluW5:

Ub llildcuaattHl an ao.
oantiatl nntinc.ocr Ancl kdnic:ll i11trl
li..rc.'ftC.'Cl nfG~o-r.r eaukl uot ~ .JiJ;hh!t1.
Howcvn, the p;and ,,..Jcl DOt Aa:tfll,
any of the c.'alle., cited ''>' him hewu.'IC
they WC:fe r.IW, IUIC:Y'-'Ju.'1tcU lqMWU.
Tcuwtri:d espbutic- ol the aildat
ifts:s -.~:re J.'O'IItal in . . - caws.
and ia otl.-ra Ute- tilne of af:lti~ was
10 Jhnrt as lo wur. .-pic.illn ol ~I
ilnpi\'Uinnl. It wu nn&4-d by oth.n .
ol the (!Qncl lni.!IDIJC'I'II th.'\t C!Xhatft'ltmial artii:acts.. if they Wd c!lliC. am
no c:AW&e lew 11olanu; r.&tJM'I', tltey orr In
the: realm rtf n.,tur:ll phl"fii)IIM:fta tub.
auello

TH ~,1

..

....

~-------------------------------

.
. .

..

--

.c.. .. -. . .-:. ....

.. ... . ...,_
. .,,". ("' .-.-........ . . -.....:::;.,.;.-;.
--.. .--... .... :-f- l
flO'

_,....,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

--

._.._ -

--

~ -

---

..........;.:

~....-;,

-.

~ -uuld

raer occur.

tcin-

meetin~

of

c:nn6rms CAptain RuppeJt's rffitntion

his aToro; to obblin arrcat~r offi~l att~
tioa for l!FOs. Anum~ other thin~, he
projected motion pictures of UFOs t;;,~
en at Crear Falls. lfoutana. on Av~ust
15, ltJSO by Nic:k ~Jariana, A base~l

team man;~s:er, and at Tremonton. Ut3h_

an JuJy 2. 1952 by a Na''Y Chief Phntng.
raplacr, Warr.mt Oltic:cr Delbert C. Xew
hou.c. (Curiously. nn nne $l"C''M to hO&Te
noticed lhat nuppclt him~lE later told

of watdin~t udidtt .:liutin~ from tM

winp of ~e;a J:UIIs hi&ul.ita,: hi5:h in the

air: tJae ""b~l,t wlaite bit .. [was]
lllUCh ~L"I'

tla;an tiiUC 'WIJUJ<J t'"pen iu;IID

sea s:uiLi... lac wrote. i16Cfe \\";A~ a Jtnm;

~bl:uK'e to tJ1c UFOs ha tbe T~
'""atan n~.l Ilcn'"""'l!f. tJ,c.-rc is !::!~
-ecuguitablc ~lMN~hip bctWff\\ the
=::apt.un'a ltat~'lli\.''Ut ~&bnad lhc Jtobenon paucta cuudusicns md tlac: storv of
lkMC t-uuc-Jusioua u tuld in the CIA
dited minut&.'l. Witness these uc:crpr.s
11m tbe 1&Ucr::
'J"Lc p:u-..f lhL'IUlten ~'n.' W)I'J\"'lUIC'fl
~ilia tf~ bdr. uf lilomtcl tbta ht the J:n:at
najority of (liJ."O) caM: labtoriL'I.

It wu lJIC pautTa CJPinion th:at -.mn.:

D1 tl~~t Air 1-un." cua-cem owr u1:os
:/ SqotcwLn- 1. 1!)(.6

~ - -'

noted that the

COlt ..

m~ ft'POnl

l'l..-y patrol worth-

~ eclucatmnal J)f'OI;nlft fnteJtntin; rli'fii'U of :all concantd ~

c:in . thoukl h:1ve two rnt~icw ainu:

lraiulnJ: and -delounkim;.'"
trainm.: aim wnuld ft'!IUlt tn
pnll""'-T r~;:ni&ion of nnu.Uillly illumj..
n:atcd objrcts ( C!.t: billloons, airc:ralt
l't'lkctinns} as .-ell ~ natured ph1."n011-..
na ( anetenn. Sr~h~~ll~ nlirDJ.'\5. noctiluttnt dt!Uda). Both vi.quaJ and l'l!.dAr
reco~'1litinn are C~M~ccmcd. T1wrw
wnuld 1~ n\an)' lt.'ft'b in ,ucll .-.luc:a
tiara (rom t-nli.""'-1 ('C~nnd to cum~
nand and tt ~n:f, pmonnc:L 1\rlatiYe
ctnttl~Uis :and clc: J:t af nplanation

nu:

"*

dilfcom~t pmt:r:uns would corrc:spoocl

ID tJae cate-."'Mit.-s al cluty (c.~:.. radar
Opt..,.lurs;

pilftp: C'lllatml tower opn

atnn; Gmund Ol,_.,..,c.'f Glflll

---...

,.._..,;, .. -t.a-...

a - . . _

CDD-

)dcmbcQ

bcl-*"cd dull buaineu dul-. his:h

IChaols, colleges, and tembfaa aca
tfou would a.Jl be: plr.\sed to coopel'llte in the showlns; of documentary 1)' motion plctwca if ptc'piU'eC)
.. an inlt"t'Citin~ manner. niJC Wle of
true casa ahowin,c lint the ~aysttry
and then the ..Cl'01planatio01.. woulcl be

fon:cful
To plaa and aecute aud a pro-

cr.w. the ()l&nel believed WlU 110 mean

b1alr. n.. cumnt invest14t:atory amup

at AnC {Air Tcchniaal lntc:Hip.'llec

It was a"etd by the: pucl tltat no

ROnrnntent~n.'IOn.od pmJlr:llll of optical nat.ion-wtd.e

--

='

'*'

thia

ra-ei""-d
tflrau~ eh:snncl ntb year ( 1.900 aD
JW) eouJd not be fu$tilied. lt w:as
felt th."''t tllft'C will nlways be ai~:htins:s,
fat which comple-te: tbta i& JaainJ;.
that can an)y he espklined with dispropnrtion.'lte effort ftDcJ with a lon1 ti&ne
delay, il at all
t1r

....

of the ptnc:l ~-uJ various

qeations rclatvd to lire plwanin, of
ch an educational prDJ..rram. It wu
ldt
ona;ly that . plychoi()Jlists fa.
au1iar witla nws psyc:laolo~ .ltOUicl
.dvbo on th. utun: and ak:nt of
tho pro,;ram. Also, IDtnc!OnC fuillW'
with ..., comn.uniaation tcchaiqur~, .
perhaps an adCrtisin~ expert, wcuJd
be bclpf~&L n ae tnc:hing udaniqucs
aaecl f aircraft idmtific:aUao durin;
lhe put war were dtc:d 111 an example
of Jimilar ecluc:ltiotW bulc. n ..
tmateur aatrona1nen ia the U.S. mi~ht
be a poh:ntial IIOU.mt of enthuai~
talent to ptad the ppcl. lt wu
,

tedaniQl JnaftJ'OWn" effort JefJuired to

follow up 4nU . Cl&l:lin every one o(
the tlnusand

, . . .

..:quently tl~c..-ir sua-ptibiJity to clever

baStile proplll:llncla..

which &end 10 OY~Ioad channels of

c:omm\.rnication with materi:ll quito irrel~ant to hastile ob;ccts that IDipt
ICJIDC:. d.y l'J.W.W The panel apcc:d
~nc:raUy th:at this lhUI ol poar-<&uali
l7 n:parta con~inlnst little, if M7o
Kictatiic data wu of DO value. .
par~cl

:o..._

nnt pDibility of the puMic ud

aaHI other sub;u. ltJc.h .. ~pace ttaYel

and ~eiencc &:tion. 1ne I'Cl!Ult 1s tbc
aua nx=eipt oE low-sPade ftPO'b

n..

,.....

~QrticularJY
Gft

~.

- . ..

while t rho present time

THE
CL\--editcd ..-.eniOft of the
a&es o! the Robertsm, p::mel

. _. = , ...; ...._

.."-~l'llltccl iD f10111dar art.idCII

w ua;ed lO

.
4\ud bstly, Ill&")' sa;d that the An-.er
bn puhli-1: aloalcllor. loki '-"'<" t!c:tail
of cvny plwoc of Ibe UFO in''-'llliJ.:-"'1
tion-tle uctuib of lite r.:htin~ the
oiiic::ial cunclusions, and wby ti~e \.'Onchaiona v.uc .-nm1c. 'fLi, v.-nuhl ~
a clauble purpu~e; i& wauld cli~pd any
eE the Dl)'l'h.-ry tJ.at sW'Uy breeds
ucl i~ woulcl u._, tJ~e Air f01cc 110
the m!l-t),ppy inVC~ti::::lliOill ;and =a..,,~~

-~

der.stand. This hu t.:cft

dM.7 WIOU', and it JIMJUJ&l be NJC'Cl hy

QJCCiallt' U:liucd ~pl'fU ill tlae r~rJcla
ol rkdnicl. lhe:tcornluJ:)'. ~IOlo
xraphy, pla)'Sics, IUJd otl11:r GlldJ of
Kic.,.a= pcrtiucut to UFO iD"':sri~
lioN. l::vctY effort 1l1011W bv m:.t1.- to
let VJ1 iautrumrnp in lucltians wbcre
\WO ll~thtino Me ~IU'-"'t. 10 dial
cbta couiJ lle: nte:UM1n.-d ancl rcmnlc.'Cl
durin,: a af,:.lalit'J:. In ollacr loc:ations ':
around the aMmtry milita~y Da~l ciY~
. i:l.n KimtiNI tltuUJd be .-lcrtftl aad Jn.
ltnac:k-d to laiC l."Y\"fY pic~ ol ozvaU-

nc:k-

.:.-- -

... .

uy

p:lDiina Ill(")' IUUmDKWIL-.l would

k'CJW~ C'OIIIIilk.'faloo ..,. n lftlme'Y
10c '-"''ltl~live ftlft'e oll"mku Blue
Bouk Nl&d be I)UIIllrul)lt,) in ~.

c:ould

'

~-

c::om.

accdnl. Aaa~l the p:.u.:l IIMIA have

bl:n at Je.w.t p.rtimlly ,,ll,vi..,,-:t.~ tho&t
aa GJlaalk'll dfurt ~'kl pt'r~e lll'lmC'o
&hiD;: iak'ft'li&uJJ: _,.,.~ &lac a.

ablc CliJuipnaa~ ll.Dl

.=-. .

. b--a:: . a...--

-- -

( DDtwithsundi111t Air ~-r,,.

awncl ana;..-ty ""'" Last Qlar trac:b)
wu pmhably r;uw:d by pul.lic ~
-~- The n::~talt toclay ia that tJac Aic
F~ hu institute.'() a li.nc: ebanacJ lot
ft:c:cP'ins: n'J'O'U af nearly anyd~
an)'OhC a"CC ia the
and bils lo un-

fuJJy. D.alol &Ja;at wu aut af tile ciro

aP~~Sta~kYi&lnlcc c:&a. was l~d1y

;.

_ . ........ -

pm!Cift-

nd; and ollk,,., and l'lllistnl Dlf!a In

othcw cak,:orics ). Thb tainit~Jr al.oulcl
l'e!IUlt .iA a markt-d nrlu...tion tn report I t-:ill.<t'Ci hy IIIL~id~nliGc:atJ4ao

aad

ft'wulunt "".fl&llif10.

n~ dchuukill)l.. aim wnt&lcl n'IUit

"'rWU\1illn in pulolk: inh:n'Slln now-ioaJ:

uu~"'.. wllith trcl;a,- l'\'nlws sC~ag

psycnnlo=:iml R'lKtin~t. 11iJ educnliO&r

~ld II\ llt'C'nfnriWw'tl J,y nlllll 'lli:l

aach ns bk,i~inn, IUuliun pi..'llll't"S. and

pi"lliCILu :artk"-s. U;uiJ of lllte:h t'lhamUon -nut..l lit" D\.1u>&l r-.a~ lai.\lflf.._,.
wlaiL"I1 hul Vt'\'ll J'U7.7.Iins: lll &nt INt
lat&.'l' C'.t.plnhll'(l As in the: l'l'l~ of eotl
jurlus; tdd,;,,, tiJ~I't' ia inm<fa lc.-u luiJU
btion tf tlae ~t-en: t" il knnwn. Sucb a
pro~trDm shuuld lend to rL'tlm:e the cur

Command, responsible for Project Blue

Dnakl would, of ncoceuity, hDvc to be

cbcly Jnt.ct;natcd far aupport with te

spect to Dot only the hiJtnric:al ana

rv

but tJte aan-ent ones. Rc:c.-t'llt CDJCS

probably muth more IUitt{)UWc to c.-x
plAnation tb:m older ones; fim. bc."C:tn~e
of ATIC'a expcriL-nce and, leC!OniiiY.
tJICir kaowl~lge ol moac pl:wsiblc t."X
pl&lnatiou. The p:1nel believccl that
same opanaion of the ATIC effort
would a.~t:linly be fcllu.iml to support
auc:h a pmi:J1Ub. It was bt"lieffd fnap
propriate to atate a:\dly how large a

Table of

Or~nization

wwld bo ,.,_

quireel.
The p:snel bcl~ that. with ATIC'
aupport. lhe cdueation.'\l pros.tr.w of
wining and dcbunkinK.. audinctl
abOYe lnildtt be required far a mini
1nwn oE one-ond-one-hnJl to two YftrS.
At &be ead of thil tioae, the claut..'WI
related to ayin~t aau~n" .llOulcl have
been creatly n:duc-ed il not dialinlltcd.

_. TaE
be

passages just

quot~ may In iact

'V~I'O~otiiU re('lnx)uction~ cf the orifti

nal Roberuon pane) mfnutca. Unt

tl~

lmowlcdge tJw they come from an

ali ted venion lntmduces a ~ping doubt
bL-cuuse of a set of circumstances which
will be described below.
111 As w:as reported Ju~rc ll&St moutl1. tl1e
Air Force Scicnrille Advisory U001rcl in
F.:bnuuy 1966 o.~igncd an Dtllioc a11n
miUcc to toexilmiuc d10 UFO controYersy. The committc:c reported l;Ltt

Monda. 11te l"l'port lt\tcd that in

onler to bring tht'li\St'l\'CS up tu rlulc,
the mc:tn~ uf the c:ammiltco initl;)lly

47

-----------------------------------------------~

. . .

.-

. .. ..

. .

. . .. .

.. . .

.. .. . -

. . ...

.. .

'

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..

.I

-------- --

- - -

-""*".. .- .. .. -

'- - - - -

~_:....

..

-..

--- =
Ill- ~ /
...;.=:;:=.=,
..

----

,..

. - .;, ....
. \J__~- ""
- ,_

__ ...

...

"

. ... ~~ ' -

. . ,..:

~:::.

.-

-- ..!

----.- -

. .....

.....

v..;ac111

..

J ) - ............

' J,.l.

\
- ~ . -"

..

..,.,

,. .

TnE

"

lluuu~:h

19i"IS

A. Contnets he ~nli:lted with a

'-w sr.lected unlver 'es to pnwide
ltlentific tenms to inv~IIWII prmnpdy
and in de(llh Ttain sa:leclcd si;htinAS
of !JFOs. E11ch tern sho-.;ld include
01 lr.lst one psycholost, prda:rably.
onr int~tetl . in cli'lk-al psychology .
aod at leAst one physical scientist. pre-fenabl) an :utrnnomer or &:~ysicbt
fmiliu with atmolpherle physk:s. Tho
unn-milies should be chosen to pro'ricle .c:unc] Steo;rnphiC'31 distribution.
aftd should be within ennvc:nient distance oi a lme o tbe Air Fort-e s,_
ted Command (AF"SC).
B. At cadt AfSC IMUC 11n ofr!Cft'
tlliiled in investijl:ttton ( l<Ut r.ot ne~
arily ilh tcientific: tminin~o;) ahoulcl
he d~i;natcd to work with tl~e C:OireSJ"'nal ins; tinivfnity tc:nn for thnt s:eo-

10 ~arc

simply tJW~W in which t.b

.inonu:alian av:~ iL,blc dort~ "''' awcwid
an adcrJu:llc: lX~Sis for :maly,i."- In lhil
COIUK'Ctiou it ito im~ unt abo to note
lb2t DO unkli:J'Itif...:l ohjccb nther tban
those of an nstronomical n.1ture hat
been obscs nod dwms: mutilll! a.VroIMJIIlic:al atudics, iu 'f)itc of lhc L1rge
awnla of ol.rvin::; I)OQIS which have

.beca Wwoca:d to the .q... .

nte CIIIGUniUl'e ,'(U)d~icd that In

abe Aincteocn ~rs &i~ cnc lint UFO
was lil:ltnl tl~r~ lt beer no evi
clenw . th:at unic1entiiicd Uyin:: ou~
arc a thn:at 1o our a:.rion:al security.
Ha~ arri~1 at !hi~ coonclLUiM. thc
~ill~ diC'n t11med i~ ~ttcntion to
eonsidcrit"' lanw the Air Fom: ho"ld
h:mdle ll~ aci~:nt if.c a.~j'CCU of t~
lJfO pmlHean. UrniYohlahly ti~MC ftnt
aJ.o rclatud to Air F nrC'C' p1blic: rclatinns. aubicct em whici the commit
tcc is DOt CSJ'CII.
Jt & the opininn of the cnmmillee
that &be present Air F01~ prn.~ennn
~U.a: with UFO s&,:htino bas been

1I
fI

s:r-phical section. The Jocnl represent&

tivc of the .1\Jr Force 01&~ of SpeciAl

'""'"'Ill ...

w~.J "' Ll..at w~-n:

lcutiliL'lr
Wn? 1i~.Jt ittJ:I ht-rc: the evidc.'""'-'C' ""'

- Jcdcd was ton PII":IJ.'t'r or tnn intlrlinil

tn pt"'ftnit pcniliw li:<tinJ: in tl,,. ..ltntiJAd c;lli.'):M'). Jx".;ausr. oi tlai~ 1; ! IL"'Oft
miUCC ft)niiiiC'IKlf that the fi~Pt
pro~:nmt he stnn):t!u~Ctl to proviJ<:

.
.

. .

'

. _. . ..

-~ ... . ...

,...

-~

Ill

los'-

C. One Uft.ivcnity or cane DOt-(orprvfit Ofl:lU!i:CIIlion aboukl be selfttoll

' to conrc1inatc the .work of tho tftms
IDC"tlouc:d under A abowo, and alao
to awako ~o of very cln.w conmun'cation and caonlin:ation with the olfice
of Pro;.t
Blue Doo1c.
.

ll b thau~ht that perla:~~P. 100 ai~o.Jt

lnp year tni~o:ht bo aubjccted to this
cle~~e atudy, anrl that possibly an ave~(If ten man clny. might be required

n ...

pet . sigbtln; .0 ltUlJicd.

fnforrna
lion pmvidcd by sueh a pm~raftl mi,;ht

brina to IIJ;ht Mol' fo:.c:ts of lclcnUtic:

wlue, and would almost certainly pro-.
vide rar belle,- bAsis th.1n . . hove
loda)' Ec. dcc:isioD on a Jona-tena UFO
Pf'OI1"0JD.

TnE
conrusing consequences or
editing job are most obvious in

CJA. . .
the con-

cluding paragnphs of the 1966 commit

tee report, wlich loudly echo Captnin
~uppelt's

words. The 1966 committee

urged d\at sclentinc reports on the ui-o
Jightiap selected for intmsive study by
tbe jndependent univemty teams be
printed in fuJ111nd made awiJable on ~
quest. that suitable abstnu:u or c:ondensed vemons of these reports be ,.,..
~Juded in or printed as supplements to
the pablished reports of Project Blue
Dook. and t~t the repor-U of Project
Dlue Book tNn "'be given wide unso.
licited circulation amo~g prominent
memben of th Congwess and other pub-

,JII: . .... ~ .., 1':. :.

' - II'

,. "" .' ,

'

, F

I-
,~..;

. "'-'
_, ..,.I

""

""

~~

; ;,

....

...

..:

:.

'

' -

'

. ..
;

--------------~-------------- ~---~-----

..

. . ..
..
. . I
' l .. . .
.
. l .
.. . '
~

.-.. . ...

,...;,.,.

""'

...... - ..
'7

.
I
.. .

.
. .

..

1l'l:2lli~-:'J:; , H~:~lJJ
.

-- . -

.. .
~.

. . . .
- . '
'

- --

. I-.

..

.....

.....

,..,

.~.

Tw IMnk wrhtMI t.r leymMI len ;real'll purl ".C:IIe from UFO
:JI1hlin.: tht J..,.ilililT ol ex~rnlrrrntrial dailativa.. i endl.~Jo.

..

. ...'.

...-...
. ..

---.
......

,.

r.

.
- '
tiu:111 =,;~,~~il ~ ~ ''i~r~ .~~:1 ff.fJ~.

/ '.' ,

. t.

'

, ...

";.' t\

t;

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opportunity fpe IC"ic.nlilic: inv~o-,ti.::~tinn

.t K.ltc.,l ai~l1tinp in p.urc dr.t11il
anJ cl~th t.lu>." l~o11 b !: pcY.7":1:l to
.s.~e;

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fmn1rwnrk "' ~lfl:-~~! ~ ~!r ~: n ,~,. i'! ~~:r.ce

bt tl~e Air t"nrt~. Mtln'lJVtT, Mlllle nf

dw- c::~se n"Jtmcls " l.id1 dw t'fllmnith-e

Jimitcal. In nitiC'tc-t:n ycus :mel mnre

than 10.000 is:htiu~ eecwL.-d aad
dusitk'll. liKm" APJM"::rs tn IJC no veri
jk..J a11d Culh suti~f,";tn') covitln.C. of
ny cue ll.aL is t'k"nrh nt~ the

tl'"''

~-

Jovestiptlnns ( OSl) mfcbt 'be a

ti~ l"t"S'lan:cs
. asi~ to It ( t~~~ly Gnl" oiii~. ~er
aenot. and Ren.'t!UY) b:a'~ hn quilo

and ta:luaoi.'IG :\,"V\.rtiK~ thc'ft> is

-- --:. ~.-. alwa>' till! p!llliStbilily
:aRilb'llis of
.
ww ai&tleUns:s m:t~ JlrM"iclr llt"'TH' aalclitions lea M-i."Ptilic !.:ut~wk-cl~ 11f \":ahiO

u~
a ..
.... .s,: ...
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wU orJt;Wizml. altl.ou:h

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listed by the
Air Force u 'unidmti.ii~; it nrpan
to tJ,e L'OWIDitlfC tJ\:U IUOI& ol. the CNft.
1847

--

'I'hua. arter dcduring p:trtimbr heed

to the work of tho Rc.l.M:Ttson {Xlncl, tho
l9GG cumrnith.-e edged unvurcl tho sort
.-u pvcn to tlc aeport of che Robert cl rcc:omrncndatiot'l Capt:1in. Ru1lpSJt
.1011 panel wl.ic:h w:a ~udercd in Janu aaid had been made by lhc Robertson
1953. Ahhouz;h no explicit . st:ace. p;~uel A simple coincidcncc? Or did the
mcnt to wei effect :i)i*US in the rc ori{tinal 1\obcrtson mjnutes tciJ the 10G8
onf. It can be usumed as certain tbat committe something tlaat CIA fnr some
the Ro1~ r;mel minutes read by rnson preerrcd to delete from the Wl' dae 19GB AFS,\U coaunirtee were the lion released to SR?
The question ( wbicb, It sbould be emunecli&ed originals.
pbuiud. b a questinu only because ol
1966 unnmhtee .~port inclucled the CIA editing) grows more insistent
tliC lolluwing ~~tions: .
u the 1966 committee recommend&
lions, summarized in S.R last month and
reprocluc:c:U in tl1eir entirety imm~iateAlt1toulth ahnnt 0 pet' ttt ( 640) nf
ly below, are detailed:
.
all a~JatinJ:& ( l O.l.f1) Jn t~ ,.ean

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NVW :al d..: lituli11~ of pi evious ,sciea,.

tiGc iuneb dur,.."t:d wilh lnukiug inlo
tlac UFO problnn. Pmicular :attention

.,;,.;

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us :a flartltt:t llill to pulJliC

IIUc.lt.-nt:.ndius: uf the sc.:ii.:ntilic apt,naold&

nroe

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.Juwu;:noln ..u,i.. ~: MUC"&!f' 41fiffa...

Pmbolbly tl~e mrut d;llit.'\llt lurdlc 11..

UFO rew:nrd1 team t tl.e uni\ersities
\WiJJ h:we t!J de:1r is the presence c.C uti..,
er indrpcmcknt UFO luntcl'll, lllrt"3dv
enlretlcllcd m J:I'UUlll likt tlte ~alirttd
Jat\"'!$l i~tius: C"""mnietc-e fnr At'ri."\1
PJ~ettnrnt'IJU (~IC':AP) and tl.c Ac:rial
.Pl~Cnocncm\

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Jk'tlllll&S

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'in the
.Universe
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Rc~~~J.

Or&:aniz:tlion
(APROl . The twu """ ~f11<~1lr a~n.~

.;,-e., with X IC:\1 Jerlm(l'l d~e ttMn. iu

lueutial. 1'11C: prcNMMiucnnndi nl butl1
~ i1tt"C'J'Ih"ll a.; r.:uspf'l b)' their mcmhcn
in COitlr:Jdic:tilxa let tl1c mmt thonnaghly
dOCtmeut"'l Air rnrce "'*'rv~tions. ,

In til(.' S.JC'UM'n, Nt'\v ~IMiL", si~lling

of :a UFO ln IUU-1 by .,.,Jit"t'man Lnmic
Z:tmorn, for ~mJtlc, NlC.o\11 11ud r\lno
mcml~tu Ill\: a11win..'t!tl that Lumna
wilna.W'\1 hna.ih buminJ: in llac Jttllly .
wlcrC! ltc s:aid J~ so.aw a wlaitc, t"~
1l~1tecl \chide l:ake ulf oancl ZUcJm ubuvc

Ute cmanl41 in a Juw trojedor). Yet Za

'

.,

- - - . . - . . . -.......,.... _ ,_.,
, . ~-c.,.--

~-~~~~'C of CUOJX'r~linJ; schnuls will be

IMiresilic.icU 0 C'"C'U the u'ikJe\l V'f'O c:nbcin~o: l;ak'-"11 lr dk.' Air 1-on.oc in ;~ttacko tbiNa" may hclnnJt lu the hutttiuJ: party
in.: the UFO 1JPJbtan.
if Ia& -=icntific lle'C:rs cona;ic.lcr l1un prooo
l"hli..: mi~Mir.&ti'-'C ;&$rca o( lhc . ic.uMn'IAll)' ~'01111-.elcnt.
AJ:S.\11 IU(iB tMI /,~e oaumitlcc rqldlt
Under Scclcto&ry of t)ef('luc Robert
a WCIJ &IUtk.ftlncl Willain aiiC auatJaniC McNamanls rut~ that p;uticipcmts Jn
cumumutly, liu
1u tls;,at. Jnoln, cnm
mil il:arv
cualtr.at"b nuL't .aharc CfJ!ItS of

pctcnl sric:nlisb Ill Gm-clu.~ univcnilic:s Ad..nini.,tcring the cantncts. wl!ichever

an: rel..dant '-~ ;.a,, in tiJC pnapJ.ietl schooh lake tJatt in the uro n:sc.~~b
iut~nl'ili~-........ uC ua:o rc-'olrd ... -~~ onn"t will p-.ay open~ inVftlvcd in nnwerinc
~ic:nt"C. tiC"SC mcu anp!;.in. whal is questions from the 'puhli~: ~:bout Ul:Os.
JZuiug to .Jtallllal tu our l'l"}MIIO&linus if If the experietK<e of Sll's sc:icnai editor
we taloc: ,,..,. &n it j&L'it tu siiU\v (tenplc foiJmving J1is 1J -"0 ~port nf JilSt. mtMllh
d mt l he Air Fun-e L11 1 hulc lin,; out nn is :an accept:lble criterinn. the answering
thcanr Tu J:Ct """mel llis lunukhiblc system will J..we to he f!fldowed with in
.,J,.~Iaclr.. ol!:ic.-cnc :aUuc.<lal to till! r\ir
c:redible Pfilience. Fm same UFO ofi
J.'on.oc l>.,ut:r c:t.id of Stua fu~ nc- t:inMclo.J write ot Joun letters on 1l1e
. IC:lrcl& UU( I l)'I! VCJ.Il'ltltCUI Ja:nc JiOlicilcd ~t~me subjec1 wh~ nuc wnukJ suflice.
te~timnuh1J ~li'-'ni fRill) iiiCh OIUJ:I~ ill Oll1ers insi.11t th:tt no findin~ about a
s&iluUuus ;&A llr~ ~;~linnoal 1\Chlcmv nf UFO
not cun.,ider
. is unbi~~etl if .it
.
&.icu~ "aulinniu~ alae iiiiiX'Irt;uk.;; ~.l atr pns.<~ibilities incl\lding ..incuneeivad.t!fJU'Ilc nmlcntouMUu~ nf llf')5 as a
able.. ones. Othen demand th;tt the
JnaUr.r r~fJ)Uhlic 11ulicy.
UFO hunt em.wnpa.o1s !nvesti\tatioo of
It lw'ri"-'Cil l111llal tl101l by SclliCmhc:r um.l~mbed means \Vherehy Hying s:au1. JDOO. J((Jinc ~l ...aul of ~i'tuifie~nl r lat cers cnn plun~e strai~tht clown thmu~th
urc wuula1 have ncc:Cptetl n:ct"~ihilicv tlte atmnsphert without m:~.king a snund.
fur guldijtJ,t the lWO l"lul ;u~i d.wJSing gtJ under.r.t!er and lonrnv a river system
pctlilll5 favc ud'ICt a-IMJu~ it si~;~rc .IJIC lllbtDCfltcll. and linalty rise into the sky
burdeu, AIL of chi~ wrilinJ;. ~~~ll'ltiJl i4'1ll ns;in like a P.1laris tniuile-all without
""vc IK!al hr~un with a pn.1!i~he tlct~tion. Other Ur-'0 beJie,en obiect to
lettlcr, but aiiiMIUIK:cncnl .,( the oot O'l()l)liClltion af ~ch earthly limit:.ticms as
cuno m.aynraw be deLayed until~. d~e bw of J,71\vity. Oth~ c:=te}:uricfiy
TI10 UFO teun at d1c bf.lj\~lher reject :my statr.ne1lt whate\'et' that i.~
ld100J wiJJ, by Air Frlf'C'C ltipui;~tion. In- 1n:ulc bv the .\ir Forte-unleu it am be
dude uo sc.icnlist who '""' publicly n lunacd nJ:aiat.~t the Air J~OI"C'e. \len if all
preued au1 opiuiou about u1: 0s. one d:titn~ of tJ FO JiJ:htin~t-~ are pas.\ed un
w-. .y or a1tudter. llut tlte lad-5ci1Ml"s C'l~o1llcn:;:ed ( a. wa.~ done in lal mm1lh 's
. . .
rqlnrt in Sit). t(,n-e are manv
whn will

J1Ctsi'lt in the \ie\v that absenc-e nf doubt

about ob:lel'\~ '~r.tciry l~ no& enouJth;

.l
. L
,,.
.
al~ llEople l.old that such qu;~lifying
o J.. h" ~onc~
CJIICStiunll as what was seen?- aanonnt
: \"::;
~....., i
"""
10 a c:nnrcuiun of the c\nfttiuner's sub
.. I
..
lef'Vieltt.~ to rJJC Et<Ahlwunent...

lie:

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..

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..

,.

us

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Ed~
.

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mur.t'a immcdialo "'llerM,. nn t11C S.Kr

m pulK-e run.-.:. Se&l!cant CL.,,~ haM
FlU and Air 1:urce invcstiptnrs ll'1.1t he
(J,ho Sergeant) llrrive(l in the J.tt&lly in
rupunsc to a radio
fmm Z.unor:a
tlree minutes artcr the eMsi~~.'P'"<I ub
jed (whid only Z:unora saw) J..w.1 d~
appr.lrid; at tlaat tilnc. C~~o~&vc:z suid, de
burned ~tion in the gully wns c:vld
~c, tile mudL

can

I/.jr1'0STEADcnnflnn:1tinn
nr b~ing content with an
tl101t
For~

~minalinn

of dae Socorro !ite revtulccl fnur depresions in the ~tronnd wiJCre Zamum ,..ld
the UFO h:ul stooo (this bcinJt tho
cln~t nnyone h;L' ever cwune tn lindin:
Sea tangible a thin..: as a UFO impri\t'").
NICAP and APRO mcmbel"' deride the
Air Force [nr refusinJ: to identify as a.

. ~'~~ship whate\er .l:\mora. sa'v .

Copiel of severn) diii~nt Air ForC'C
re).lMts on the Socnrro episode are in

Sit' pns.'ies.\inn. None nf tlacwn ~,ts

cluubt on pnlic~m n n lamont's stury. Ouo
uf tlu~m say., ..Zunur:1 . is ba:iiC'L\Uy
sincere. honest. and reliable. lie would
not be c:op:ablc of cunlriving a complex
IIOOilC. nor would his tempenunent indicate: that Jae would have the sli~hte:st ill
tccsr in such His fright wa.' genuine.
nnd his reeling that be had seen .snmething truly unusual is Rlt~sted by tlte
l~c:t that he asbd whether he ahould
apr.ak to the prie!it lint before s:l)'in~:
anything about it, Any question of halluc.inatinn r.eems denrJv oul. He is Q nnn
drinl.ing man. ( cOnclude. therefore.
tl.:lt Zumorn m\Y a t:~ngibJe. pbysiC':ll
olJieet. tmdn JtllOl) darli;l&t l~luminatic.an,
and from fairly t"ln)le range (at the
close, Almost AS Jittle as 100 feet).
It =*llpc:us ~nli:.J that we cliscm-er
whnt the Illl)'Ji('".al object ~cttto~lly wos
[and1 COitsidcr thbl one of the SMjor
UFO sightin~ in the hi,tory oE the Air
Force's ~omitlcrntion ol this auhjett.
It \viii m1ui~ \~ po.'iSibly, the o.tten
liCJn of &he Scc1t'tarv
of the Air Fmce

ltin1.10lf.
CertAinly am.~ phra,in~t fl nut tle
ltnlf Dl whid cnnlillir:tdt!S In lilcnc:c di5cns.tio&t are l~atda<l. Xor is '"'Y Air
rnrce 8t1Cml)t tu Slll'l]ltefS Scientiue data
Ji~c-lr lu 5uC\'t'Ctl wich..ut the helll of
dae Air Fam:c Crunl.ridJ:e R~rc:b-Ccn
tc:r in ~f:,~chu~eltJ. 1hcrdor1!, tiN! followinJt lcucr. c:rith.-al or tJ~e inlerprcl;~
tinn J:ivcn lo. A thuh,J.:rolllll JMhJisl~t.'ll in
Ulu~tr:atinn nf l;u;t mnnth's UFO r"t'IOrt
in dtis m:~.;otzine, h:u a SllCCiaJ memiu;:
A. ICII!NT11'h involvC'd In oblabdnJC
tbe mclar'OIJC pholos,:mplt wlwh
Wit
ia your n:pcan -wJ,oac arc the
l'ni.kutmed /u~ri:~t OlJjc:cts?" (~It
Aua:. 0. p. 491, we nMt take nm~
anption to JO&Ir iutC'rplttatioo of the

,.,,'\1

49

.
.. .

..

..

- -. - . ....... .. . --

..

-------------------------------~-------------------------------------

.t

'

Since the 1900 Gtl IJtJt: ''nrnmlttce or

Air Fon:c Sc:icntiJic: "'"'-ry Bo.vd
ing? For tl.e same mason da=at lm the
brought on much nf tl.e critic:i$m d~e Air was acccdinJ;l)' czplic:it in. urs:ing
avoidance of :my Appearance nf censor
Force 1w sulcrcd in c:t~~mectinn with

Why was tliC picture mption mlslc:ul~,

.lata. Yua" auribult' dtc anclulatianl

wbkb appeared nn lhc ntl:arKGPC

plfttft#apla 111 IJinls rid in~ tha
~D:al aatn.'Pll In tbc: air : and
tc&...:tias: lidt in &.1Jrinns ~icm ....
and )IIU spu:ulatC" further tls.-.t tbc: an-.lalialas -.;&)' !llllnl.'lnw cmuc: dte illusinn J a Ut-o. Sucb is nat the
&:a~c:. TIIC!IIe andubtinns aft Ml reRcc tioN (ram any. l)'I'C of -p."'rticul.1tc
. attn 11K"h a.' doml~ i.w!CU. or hinls
lt:\1\'Cl ia tl.c ...,.."" ln."Cllcl these
echG~:~ ate d\~ to le\ltmnl: ol the
~a~lar &.'11<11:)" ff'lm RuchiAtinn.' in lmpcrature and mni.aun: (or. tn be ~
ciiC, re&act~ inclc::d which =o
C~CCUI'rin,~t in the viau:wlly d~r atmmJhcre. 'l1te ~hnrl' Arise l~ute of the
apcci:tl n:bt;n~lii' bctwc.'en the radar
. WDvclm~da ami the: si&c ~f the turilu-

UFOs poor communieatiftn and ln:lp

juds;ments undc:r launied cimJmstan~
SR's science eclitnr ..-rote tl.e captilm
f1om infonnation provftW by an Air
Force officer wltO Jt;lVe him the picture.
Ordinarily, that ollic:er is A reliable informanL In thi' fnst~uce. however, to
accommodate a press dcotdlinc, lac spoke
from memory. and the ch~J.;ng process
he usu:a11) reli~ on did not opcr.lte.
Simibr inconsistencies ha\-e been nnrmal
to Air Force investi~Zo'\tion of 'UFOs
becattst: the investig:tting pr~ bas
ultimateiv clepended nn individu:ll C\{)3biiities ;nd temper:aments of air b:lse
lrat r.Utla within lltt' atmmphcre. A
llimibr n:latinnllhip dnt'!l llftt t"lfi-'l for
offit>ers assil!t'ted on an indi,itluaJ ~is
wible ~ 11ncl ahCttran: \he pat
by the b;uc cnmm:m&lcrs with no c:enm:&l
taN w11ida :IPllmr in tltt' r.ul:tt-acope
criteri::. for ~iclance. St:tncbrd criteria
P:tOtoc:raph et~ultl ftC'oll!l' be nbsc:necl
rare no\v being establi.<hed to smooth the
~ally &"JMnled as ra UFO.
per(onrw~c:e. and new regulations, writ
~~ 1\. JiAnM,
ter~ with reassurance of the public in
~ll!Qit:TII r.L CLOVU.
mincl. had reaclted tlte last procming

lietcorolo::) La'bcalar.y,

Air Forc:e C:unbri,l&e . mge prior to printing as this isme of

SR went to press.
Jl~ Center.

sbip on UFOs, it ~ee~ns rcasnnahlc to

suggest an offidal CIA aeknowlcd~ncnl
~l CL\s dceisiall to edit tltc tninutcs
of the 'Robertson p.-,nel's llclibcntinns
in 1953 was a mistake in j11dwncnt aud
tbat tbe uncxpur,:ated original tat o(
the min"tes would nc,w bo open to fm.
mediate public in~Pectinn. Such an act .

would forestall Drgtunent O'-'Cr an oba

vious parallel Accordin$: to tlt~ edited
minutes of dte 1953 pancJ mcctms:. the
eminent sdcntists wlao mt on tl1o'\t pMCl
believed a disciplined appro:acb cnuld

cmpose of the lt"FO mystery within

ei!Zhteen . montllS ta two )"e:ll'5. n.e

8300,000 Air Fa~Ce. appmr, i3tinn set
:uide for the 1966 indepcnclent nni~ .
sit)' scientiJie study of UFOs is designed
to last for eighteen months; snplllC.MCJP
tarv monies will be availab)o for another
year i tbat ~uc:h tin'c is necacsary to
dissipate talk of intastclbr invuion. .
-JOIL" LEAn,
Scicn= Editor. .

'
'

Uloof

t.IARvzLOVJ

mocJ.
If the oprninr: J'l:&r:aj!r.ll'b of

1!\"Dr:ED

Is the po.-er ol

em ac:i~-1
,our faxinatins: orticl~. ""Wi.nt A~ tho
Unickntif..d Aeri<ll Obi~ooct.,r (SR. Ata:. G).
a Cu be b:lic:val. lldcJtee has acc:nmplisltccl
w1a:at c:vesa the Ecwrk-nic.'\l Mcwcmcnt
-caJid not: the: canoni=icm of a Prmemat
lind ~o 41 s;,)-s quite pbinly. -n.c SL
. J;unes tr.a.Winn
&.oloid"s owonJs mns
u loliCNJ. ..... Wlt."lt (nUnws is from the
'ftllion of d~e Bibla authorized b)' il:iniJ
)ames I in 1611.

ar

JWC'I"'rt~l Wt'flinll n ll~ l::n::liMa

n;M,.

V, ~ins: nf Sl-nll:.u,l, whn 1-."C":tnte

]anK"S I, Kin,: of Eu.:baui. tote., ~nmi,..
aioawod dtr. haJPiat
nf thC! lriltlr in UH u.

i'"'

whicb jpb W"oiS '-""npl.tnl in 11&11, anti it

inamt" did wuit aualuMi:7.rd to l111 nOKt
In dar. An,;licut ~lmrc:b. Thco Uriti.h Cnnm

atiU owu the CCIIl)Ti~bt em it, aud 1M to)'

rondUMo number

~We.

this il the lSlllh ~ln notiErill: ftiU of tl~

unirlt'ftlilit-d IJilll~ tmMiatiola citc!Cl by )'CIU
tn the M'C.'Cind smtc:rtc of ,,,.., An.:ust e
uti~. '"WI~~at A~ the Unideatilied Aerial

..

jMk'a

a\(XX)ftlll:o.T. TO my

A sc:imce C!C1illlr ~n t'l' fot1:i~ the

IN ar.rt:~tr.Na: w ynur :article- oa llfticJmli . slip. Not 10. SR's proolrndcn DOt SA
-~ .:ri."ll c.lit'ds. lllm' ~ an incnm il10tif.
pn-lw.mihk ener. t'l'J1l~-i:.ll~ (nr ra lh:ln nf
11ais slip lnr. Nit. ol caune. m."l\.'t"
hntin~o:. Malt'" lin lnl"h thin:: IL'II tlwo ..St.
E?.Hic:r. ua-o rt'Prt any Jt.a ctedible
. JanK"I"" wiM.1 nl tJ .... Biillr c:1i...U.. The &haft tbn. IIOW ~NnCNtL
Jilllt: C'nltlains dK' n."lti"M.'$ nf lhnc J:unn
FUKIC V. PACL

hnp: lana tbc san of Ahtla."lnts. J"'"" Fairview Pule. 0.

..
thr. 1nr1 of 7AIIl'Cll't' att(l )~m" tltt" ""' ~
'
)nM111a. itr 11~ lmllK"I' f Ja~u~. m~ c1f I r.NJelTt:U JcJIn IA':Ir"s "'\\1:.1 Arc 11-.e
"'l.ma ,..,..,,,. a chnptn, nlltotl :. IIIMk, in Unil1mur...d AC"fi:)l <lbiloctllr. but the first
d~~r New T~atumnlt. hut llCltiC' nf whnrt\ part k-It mr with " lurstion atna.Tning
i ...,

..
IG!!I'VINU!P..

Ob.icctsr
Ein: Janu I w:u na .altlt.

Ba1ti!Nn, lid.

..

liD Hnw~ no'Gie

lions "aim&r to those c:ommonly u.~ by

J:amn 1 m:ay have heea, he wu hudly a witneues of modem lis:blinJ:S of CFO..~ .
BccaUW' of the f:t~nil"'' .numl, I
cainL
For the: ~noel of the mns:uf~. I think JeAtehC'd until I fnund an -arlicl~. -n~
Four F:aet-d Visitor! of Ezekiel,'" by Ara
)'UU will v.-:ant In print A llllit:blc: eonectioD if far noaltiag et.e, to sp:are the . thur \V. Ortnn fn A1111l~ S~icnrc Fttt:l l;
pn:nchcrs anothrr flppurtunicy lo Dlllk a Fictittn ( Mofeh 1961. pp. 99-115 ). )tr.
Orton said oE dte first eb:apcer of Ezekiel:
~mli~ jab at K"itnce.
1 am convineed that this cbnpt~ ill dte"
Ons D. l>vMCAM.
aceount o aa actu;l} happcninsr: tbc land
.EmcrihiA PmfC!NiM' of Snciolos:Y.
ina of eatr.\tctrestial bein~:~. ftported by a
Okbbnma Stale UDiw:nity.
carelu1, tnathfuJ. and U-pocsessed obScill'llrllt.c!r. ~ .
..
:alties C'Onlprise ra tid}

tht- ~kit-1 ~Tlm....:C'I. Tl~ ~r.:rmers.

"'ith tlw t"OIUtnmb auriiMalt'll to lolr
Jucqn~ \.11.."V in llu Anntt~~n!t ttl o rlam~
.,,"mun, h:sd a lllmiliar IOUnd. I n:ln to
llr. Le-Ar's lbtl."lnrnt:

-v.u,"... ttuntcd lmm modm~

'Lonb alcoalin~ with unillcntilirtl flyin,:: objfcb' whld' lind same of lUt~icl's upra.

so

He then llatapretcd E.ldel ill IUCl

-.y u to clcmontnte his &hcsia.

Wu Otton"s article 0110 of the ""boob.

Vallee quoted from?

New

Bri(tht~

EonoR"

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)Ibm.

NOU:

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ctributc lail E::ckicl quDlimaa '" IRJm

n~iro drl Ct1~ ()lq ~1. Jti.i:!J, ntl
Au.rtral.ior1 Fl!1int: S4ut~:t BcrUcul No. ;
(Ntn~miHT. 196!)

1 nNn w dillinalc to

ck-trrmia~ wltc:liK"''

JoLn Lrar in wll:lt Arc the Unitk'fttilial

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aiiiKII d~t

llit''I'C'tl lil\T;tlure

( ..tt.e St. Jnmes ttan.wlintt""h on tb.~ odM.-r.

Lc il able to Dlf'Yt a ni0Unt3in ( t.~"'ull

Rainier iD dae nncki~).
.
JlAU'U n. SUNDQvwr. }L

Hartford. Coma.

l.A'IUI lta'Olln IVCCI:ST

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:~DEPARTMENT
;

--

a.-

OF STATE TELEGRAM

~-~~~~~~~c~~~M~~~~~Dm~~~~~--~--~~--------~~~~=~~~=~~~~~~~o~~~~~w~---------

~b.S

UNCLASSIFIED

TEGUCI 0 i953

171621Z

ACTION SCI-06
: .
INFO OCT-01 ARA ... l2 SMI-rU
P-03 RSC-"1 . USIA-12

CIAE-ea DOD[-10 INR-217 NSAE-BfiJ

PRS--01 CQM ... Q18 RSR-211 . /QJ53 V

...

...-~~-.--~-.--.----------~r~

133451

_,

..

FM AMEMBASSY TEGUCIGALPA
.
tO sli!ItHSONIAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY CAMBRIDGEMAS~
INFO stCSTATE WASHDC 7449 .

. .,.

. .

UNCLAS TEGUCIGALPA 1953

-.. FOR:
'

R 17l416Z JUN 70

.. .

HCN048

54

PAGE 81

-~'

'

_.I

. ...

MR.

CITRON

. .SU3JE:CT: FIR!:SALL SIGHTINGS

..)

REF:

SMITHSONIAN 0703 1592 UJ0 R 082100Z JUN 70 FROM

ROB!RT CITRON.

..

1. oN MORNING r.A Y 23 T'EGUCI Gr'-LPA RADIO REPORTED FROM ITS

CO~RESPONDENT

. ..
J

......

IN !.;. PAZ, HONDURAS, CAPPROX 87 DEGREES 41

MINUTES WEST; 14 DEGREES 19 ~ INUT.ES NORTH> THAT "nYING

SA UCtR", OR .. 3ALL 0 F' FIRE .. HAD BEEN SEEN IN AIR NEAR LA PAZ.
IMPLIED SIGHTING WAS MAY 27. NO RPT NO MENTION OF SONIC
PHENOMENA

. - .
2. THIS WAS S~LE P.!?ORT. NOTHING IN PRESS. HONDURAN METES!~V IC

. ...OROLOG !CAL
- RYAN

..

.... ...

. .

. .

..

. .. . . . . ,
. '

..

KA S NO RPT NO REPORT OR CO NFI RMAT ION.

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DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

HEADQUARTERS OFFICE OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS
WASHlNGTON.
D.C. 20314

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..,.,&CT. Project s1 ue Book.

. 'I

.' I fitN \974 ~-:~~:~/

. ..

Executive Secretary
Seeurf ty Cc.,-.,ni ttee
USIB

1. Please reference your request of 30 Oct 74 concerning 1nfonnatfon

released by the Air Force on UFO investigation/research.
.

2. Attached is a 17 Dec 69 n~iS re1ease from the Asst Sec Def. (Publfc
.
Affairs) announcing termfnation of "Blue Book .. and su:m1arizing fts findings.
Attacrwtent 2 {s a fact sheet on the subject maintained by the Secretary of
the Air Force's Office of Information. Both m~ be released to any .

requestor.

. .

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l. News Release No.1077-69 re

- s1 ue Book frcm OASD (PA}
.2 . -5AFOI fact sheet ..re UFO

USIB

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ro~CE

TO TEL~I~AtE
PJt.OJECt 1LVE. JOO&n

(Inf~.)
(C~p!es

:. Secretay of the .Air force Kobert c. Seamans. Jr.,,&DDOU~ce4

todar th~ ter:iuation of Project Jlue Book, the Air Force prosram
for_ th~ inves~i~ation ~f unidanti~ied fl7iua object (UlO~)

10. 1077-69
OXfo~d 75131
0Xfor4 7-3189

In a De=orandum to Air Force Chief of Staff General 3oha D. ~YI

y~:sec~etar7 Sea=&ns stated that "the continuation of Project Blue 5ook
.
cannot oe justified either on the around of national security o~ ~n
the :l::Ltcres~ of sc:ience,i and' -concluded th&t 'the project doas uot m_e2

future expeuc!itures of resource.

. .
.

~h
..

decision co discontinue UFO

"

iuv~stisationa

011: .

was basad

- An evaluatiou of a ~eport prepared by the University of

Colorado e:1t~;leci, tt$cient~f i.e Study of 1Jnideut1fiecl Flying Objects.'

..

.- A reviev of the V:ive:sity of Colorado' report ~T the

~atioual Aca~e:y .: Scieuces.

..

- Past tFO studies.

'\\:lr :ro~c: experience

two decades.

..

i~vestiaat~ns

UFO reports durius the pas

Vndor the direction of Dr. Eclvar4 u. Condon. the Vniversity of

Colorado co~?l&tad an 18-:onth.contracted tudy of VFOs and its repo:
vas releacec :o the publi: iu January, 1969. The report concluded ~~
little if nythi~& has come from the tudy of VFOs in ~he past 21 701
that bas aclce~ to scientific knovledze, aud,th&t further extensive
-stud7 o! U!O s!~h:in:s is not jus:ified in the expectatio~ tba: scicE
~vill Jae ac!va:cecl.

Jhe ~:~~e=s!~y e! Colorado report :!so states t~a:, "It seeas :

_onl7 so much a~tent1~n to ~~subject (~lOs) should ~e sive as the
Departueat of Defe~se deeas to be D~cessary str1ct1y froo a 4efens~ i
of viev It is our iapression that the defense function could ~e
performed vithi: :he fr~ccwork est~blished for intelli&cnce an~ sur-
veillanc~ operations vithout the continuance of a special unit such ~
P~ojc~t Dlue !oo~,but this is a que't~on for defense s~ecialist~=~:
t'hA:t rcse=.rch sc ie:t tis ts.

A panel of the ~ational Ac~dccy of Sciences m&de an

assessment of ~~e scope. mcth~dolo&y. and findinas of the

-..;..-~~...._.

____ -

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~

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!nde?en~~~:
Unlvcr~ity

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\.4 .

'Cdlo~ado

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study. ~he panel concurred in the University cf Colo~ado'a

recommendation t9at "no hi&h prJority in UJ'I) iuvestiga.tions is
v~rranted by data of the past tvo decades." It eonc;uded by stacins
~gt on the basis of present knovledae. the.least l~kely explar.atic
oi UFOs is tha hypothesis of ex~raterrestrial visitations by 1ntellia
I
tl

be,in&s. .
. . . . .~
.
.

Past UYO studies ~nclude one conducted by a Scientifie Advisor'

Panel of UFO in Jan~ary 1 19Sl (Robertson Pauel); and. a ~evie~ of
Project !lue 3ook by the Ai~ Force Scien~ific'Advisory Joarc! Ad Boe
Coa~ittee. February-March. 1966 (nr. Brian O'Jrien. Cbair~an).
These
studies concluded tha; no evidence has been found that any of che UFC
re ~rta reflact a threat to our national security.
:
.

I
.

e~nclusions _of P~oject

Blue Book are; . (1) no UFO - ~epo~te4. investisa.ted .. ..and e-.; alua ted. -'by "'the . Air . Force :has - ever . &iven -any indication
cf th~eat to our national security; (2) there has been no evidence
~ubaitted or discovered by the Air Force that si&htinas cateaorized
as unidentified" repre~ent technological develop:ents or p~inc!p!es
beyond the ranse of present-day scientific kuovledge: an4 (3) there
has been no evidence indicatin& that siahtinss cateaorized aa "unide~

fied" are

Projec; ~lue Book records vill 'be retired to the USAF Archives.
Maxvell Air Force B~se. Alaba~a. aequests for inforaatiou'vill
contin~e to be handled by the Secretary of the A!r Force, Offi~e of
Iuformation (SAFOI},
~&shington,.
.c. 20330.

.
.
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EBD

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vehicles

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extraterrestri~l

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UFO FACT SHEET

..

On December 17, 1969 tbe Secretary of the Air Foree

announced the termination of Project Blue Book, the Air

-Foree program for the investigation of UFOs .

The decision to diseontinue UFO investigations was

based en an evaluation of a report prepared by the University .
of Colorado entitled, ~scientific Study of Unidentified
Flying Objects;" a review of the University of Colorado's.
report by the National Academy of Sciences; past UFO studies;
and Air Force experience investigating UFO reports during
the ..past tw~ ~ecades.. .. . . . . . . . . .. .
.
. .. . .
_

-- -. ..
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As

<t/1'

a result

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~-"'" -4-

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- .

of these investigationaand-studies, and

experi~~ce gained fTc~ investigating UFO reports since 1948~
t:he conclusions ofP:oject Blue Book are: (1) no UFO reported
.investigated, and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given
any indication of th%eat to our national security; (2) there
has bee~ no evide~ce sub~itted to or discovered by the Air
.Force that sightings categorized as "unidentified" represent
technolcgical develo~ents or principles beyorid the range of
present day scientific knowledge; and (3) there has been no

-.evidence indicating that sightings categorized as "unidentified"

are extraterrestrial vehicles. .

..

~with the termination of Project Blue Book. the

~egulation establishing and controlling the program

Air Force
for
investigating and analyzipg UFOs has been rescinded, and file
.copies of Project Blue Book records have been transferred to
-~he Albert F. S~son Historical Research Center, Maxwell
Air Force Base, Alabama 36112 1 where they are available to
-the public: for review. Although the Center does not have the
reproduction capability ~o provide duplicate copies
Project
. . Blue Book reports (some 26 standard file drawers of material),
. the co""?lete University of Color.aao report is available in
~aperbac:k form at a nominal cost by Bantam Book. Company

of

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Attached is the Project Blue Book sight.ing S"uanary

for the period 1947-1969. Also included is a listing
of UFO-related materials cur~ently available t~rough .
publication outlets of the federal government.

1:

Since the t~rmination of Project Blue Book, .no

. evidence has been presented to indicate t~at further
investigation of UFOs by the Air F~rce is warranted
In view of the considerable Air Force commitment of
resocrces in the past. and the extreme pressure on Air
. Force funds at this time, there is no likelihood of
renewed Air Force involvement in this area.

There are a number of universities and professional

scientific organizations suc:h as. the American Association
for the Advancement of Science. which have considered UFO
phen~ena during periodic meetings and seminars.
Such
timely ~eview of the situation by private groups insures
that sound evidence will not be overlooked by the scientific

- --
~

2 Atcb
.1. Sighting Summary
2. UFO-~elated Materials

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mu MATERIAI;S

Scientific Study of Unidentified Flvin~ Objects . Study

conduc~ed by tne University of Colorado under contract
F44620-67-C-0035. Three volumes, 1,465 p. 68 plates.
.Photoeuplicated hard copies of the official report may
be ordered for $ 6 per volu::1a, $18 the set of three,
..
aa AD 680:975 1 AD 680:976, and AD 680:977, from the
National Technical Information Service, u. S. Department
of. Com=erce, Springfield, VA 22151.

ReView-of Universitv of-Colorado Report on Unidentified

Flxins . C~i~~cs

. i~~view

- oi ~eport

o~

tna
.
National Acade:y of Sciences. National Academy of Sciences, .
~969., 6p.
Photodupl).cated hard copies may be ordered for :
$3 as ~D 688:541 fr~ the National Technical In!crmation
Service, U.s. Depar~ent of Co~erce, Springfield. VA .

.22151.

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Decedbsr 1952 meetinq of

.

the Intelligencs
. .

relating .to the

~dvisory Coi~ittee

Foll~~g

a.

of unidentified

Objects is eaclosed

~lyir.g

meetin~

this

In view of the conclusion of the Panel ~'lat

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uni~entified

p:esented on

flyinq

o~j~cts

showed ~o i~dicati~n that thcs~ phenomena c9n~titute a

-

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_ _di:-ect physical

_O nide:1tifiod Flying Objects", dated 17 January 1953 $.s

enclosec:.

:- .~:

selected .seientiGts reviewed and

. ...: ~copy
of ~e . report
of b"lis revi<!w, titled "Report on -
.
.
. .
.
.
.,

app:aised the a.vailable avidenco on the scbject~ - A._ :. ..~ ..:.

.
.

Xn response to your let~er of 21 October 1!>74, z.

-discussia~

copy of the minutes

.
.

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Dear

Mr. D:ad c. Snarks

2GSO I!aste Stra3t:, ll06G

Berkelev, California

1 ')74

to natiunc.l secu.:ity, no Nationul

: s~cl!rity Cou."'lcil rntell_!g~nce: Direetive (1-:~ci:>) was drafted.

.
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.=.- X tr~st tbis ~aterial ~atitiie~ your re~est.

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DD/S&T

29 July 1970

.'

DD/SI

I
i

Vartorell~'s

letter on UFOs

.I

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A 11ttle background tor a discussion on the Vartorella

letter:

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2.

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:
:

A review of the files on the l~st two decades shows the

follorting. The only for.o3l CIA involve~ent in a UFO
investi~ation was in the one conducted by ~e Robertson
Panel in 1D53. This Pn.nol was convened by LDr. Chadwell.:l
s-~
then AD/SI at the request of the Intelligence Advisory
Co:~ittee (minutes of IAC meeting of 4 D~cember 1952)
[pr. Chadwel~was asked to examine the threat to national
security posed by UFOs and to make appropriate recommendations
to the IAC. The -Robertson Pnnel was selected by OSI and
met from 14-17 January 1953. Its report, drafted by .
(Fred Duran_t1 was submitted to tPr. Chadwel\J in Febru:u-y 1953 E
nud was subsequently noted by the IAC. On tho basis of the
Panel study, the IAC ~oncluded that no NSCID on this subject
was needed and that the real dan~ers probably lay in the
danger of overloading the . ir defense structure needlessly
and in mass hysteria and the like.

.
I

I'.
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The c~ntral theme of this letter is that the CIA bas

used-- or is using -- the Condon Report as a whiteW3sh
designed to cover a CIA-ini ti ted program begun prior
to Januai"Y 1953... This allegation is not new and, o~
course, is ridiculous. Confirmed uro believers are
const~ntly searching tor ways to discount the conclusions
of every responsible group that ever considered the UFO
proble~ -- whether they be Swedes, British, the US

Air Force, the CIA, or the Condon Co~ittee

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4.

On 5 1-tay 1955 the Air F~ree tssuec:t 1 ts Special Report

' No. 14, Analysis o:t Reports of Unidentified .Aerial
Objects -- a project BLUE BOOK publicn.tion. Tbis

c:lke the final" review of the two-fold problem.. B3

time we had long since closed our files on the subjf
and sinee about 1953 b.ad been referri.n: inquiri.es t'
Air Fo:-ce. You will recall that we were in no vay :

report goaded the UFO enthusi~sts into renewed act1v1

and eonsidarable pressure was put on the Air Foree tc
decl:lssify the Special Report (from OUO), as ~11 as
t~e earlier Robertson Panel Report.
In 1958[Ph11 Stl
got tho P~nel JnCQbers to :1gree to the declassifyi~
the conc:l~sions of the Robertson P:lnol nnd to the ra
of their natt3S in connection witb tt. But CIA conne
with tha Panel review T~s not to be revealed at thei
. request. The- pressure cont1.nucd. however. and on 7
1966 the Air Fore~ c~issioned the Condon CoamitteE

3 . This was tho high point in CIA 1nvolvem3nt in the U!~

matter. Wo had no orga~iZed effort on the subject
Ono or two :tn~ysts maint:linod some kin<\ of watch on
reports uudcr LPhil Strong ~ genGral guidance.
I

in the Condon Review.

s.

Despite the finality of e:1ch of the various reviews

was a renewed effort during l96G ou the pa~t of thE
National Investi~ntions ~mittee on Aerial Phen~f
cet a copy of the orig~nal nob~rtson P~ne1 Report.

tme the issue becaca public 1nfoxHation policies.

requested by .the Air Foree on 27 July 1965 to docl
the entira Robertson l'~port. Ve had previously to
Air :Forco tbat tho two pAge release of 1958 was tb
" Report. The lengthier unreleased materinl v~ si%
up for our use. ThiS time we agreed t o turn ish a
version of the back-up dolettng information on C~
and on tho viows of individuais uppeariug before
Robertson Panel since we didn't want to go to the
of gettin~ thoir permission. Accordina;ly, I made
appropr1~~e and minor deletions.
I believe th~t
j~~ped tbe gun and hnd alrcudy made a release whi
.
wero trying to cover up by nsking .for cecl~ssific
after tho f~ct. I refused to agree to release o:
iof~tion and the =~tto~ bas remained quiet un

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Vdrtorclla is not th& firs~ person to us& VFOs as n

b:lsis for a.llegin: that ':IA runs the government,
.suppr~sscs legitiMate! inquiry, and the liko.
Ris
predecessors includo sue~ illustrious gcntlcmon as
Maj. Donald E. J~eyboe (ret.) acd Leon Davidson.

Eac:
of his allegations or questions could be answered
but I would certainly ho~e they. would not bG. 1hou::
Vartorella professes only an academic interest in
senrcbing for truth, the questions u.re . loaded witb
innuendoes that indie:lte where his s~pathies 11e

7.

I sug:;:est that we prepare a brief note_. to be sent to

Va.rtoralla by the Director's PRO (as~ack r~~~ec
to do during Dulles tice) sayi'C: th.:lt '\ie're soi:y In

we b::lve ~d no interest 1D the UZO matter for many

years, have no files or persons knowlec:eable on tha

subject nnd hence are ur~ble to respond to his char~e
_ and questions. I have c.ade a si.a1la.r type of res pons
to the (thankfully) intrequent req~ests that~r1cklo
c:t.own to me.
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ER- 3- 2809

CEN I RAL IN I ELLIGENCE AGENCY

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WASHINGTON 25. D. C.

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OfiiCE Of THE DIRECTOR

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DirectorI Pqcholoi;ical ' Strategr Bo.-rd

.. !'lyi.ng Saucers

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1. I a today tt'''"'' rd.tting to the l:ati.cmal. Secarity

Councl a proposal (':'fl~ .A) in Tt'hicll it is concluded that t.be
probl~ connected tit.il 1micentii'icd !l.yi~r; objects appear to
have 1-npllcations for ps:rcholop.cal warfare as 11eU a.s tor
in tel 1 i gence and O!)eratio.c.s.
.

2-'. - 1he backgtvtm<i or this

detAil 1n Ta,-=; a..

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the "Cossible of'!ensive or defensive utili z2.tion of these

p!le... -.:=sna ! or psyc:holo gical wrrare purposes

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Enclos.u=e

Director

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c.';Vi 1:~ or $!cb h:pX't::l'II"!QO :u: to a:urit eo:1' ~:il.U:S r.'Qa c.ction ~ tl-.s T.ol.Uo-..!11

s..ourity Countil.

am CU!Q!Jau:a b'o02 tl=s:t preuntl.J

6. Ad1it1c=l vor): c!Si'f~r~ 1:1 obnracte:o

unc'er w:q ~U b. requlro4 to reet tba cpeoi.t1o b?ec!.a in tbi a ~1e:.d ot bo".l& .. . :

o~:-ntlou e=4 1reell1;.D'

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of' ca:=er.ll 'to o~:SUort U nll &a to i:t'...elUgciDOeJ D4 U

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A :.{:t=::~.tic c~..ack on th=

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at ho:D ~md a''" ..... ~ is clocely t1G. w a. ~r ~ 1ntell1se=n qucticm. it wcm'4

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A:~- An#:-Jif,~t~I/,-:;Q,r,-ec Oc,1i'~1 ~!

usi.r..ed by' tao lluteraz:ta end two aecretariea. It 12 1'rc:1 tb1 s sc:ll gx oup i

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,

are 11rd:te4 ill thai: covan.p 1:o ta

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, o:u1..,o~ ap.a:-a.~J.:r 'to detol"r..!\""' T.hethm" it ia ezpln1able u "rdsi:!te:r~
.

1i1ons ot a ma.~ objeo~. or -whether !t mut: be olaaaecl u or#i:p"drsa. end

..

su'bjao~ to i"Urt.:C.r

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or Spe-cial

:Wtostip~.tio~:. ~ra- c11Nct i!:t:crrcC'otlo:l ~tho roportor. J.l.:o

_m

sou o~u3 the report~ are :tc!"crrcd to toch...1c:l or ccdoutJ fie qoc1nl1st:s

.for ~~rptobttcm.

:rt abc'Cld ~ 'l:;;:::::i 1::1 dm tbat this 1a "r.ll en a:

!ho!'O b beelS %10 8)-at.:st10 ~- uteuiw use

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t~e::s =a =.p. !hs plO'ta ahow a hisb 1:noicle:oe ~

re;o: :.oct case: ma:o a.tus\ c

i~.w l!:tlDDs

an4

Stn~~giu

Air Co:ct s.c'i mse bW

places.
.

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a nm:be:a

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reeoarah toalur!qo.:as tl'-..s.i: shcul!

be uae4
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be~.:= .tlXU.os. c:- e-r=?lo, tbi: ~-o-.:ld ~.l"O c-::rt~u \;vnt'hozo con41t10Zll

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are a number ~ arta!Ul&rd analytiCAl proceaaea tba:t mipt be Usecl 1f

~J1 ~ !r~.J /.,4~ ~A.,~Ic/ .J~

--

lllr Fo;u;l considered tlce .!u.%47 i 'l'lOrt}r a f'ull .blown ettort.

u.~ed

4eta11 'the research objectivws to be

in rela:t:1on to the questionnaire.

It miht cletiM in

~moat

.After the_areas

profitable research h1cl been 4eteuained. a logical m

..

.tep Would '! 1:o isolate the ~po!"tant elemnt~ 1,n each problem area.

.l third .tep -woulcl be to set up n

fi11AII'/ .
oo:z:pa.riaons.

~ 1-t &t~ttW .

'ti7 \'lhich. to
.

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mv
uset'al
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Felt: ih, trend atud1ea aa well as area atuclie coul4 be mde.

tllre migllt be u. o'bject1n atud7 .o n the a.ttributes ot avaU&ble data

.

..

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..

by Air Force. coupled vdth 'the utrel:18l)r limted acope o:E the nal)'ti.oal work

dou tl:l:.J e:~ ;as placed a strict ceiling

021

the k!nd o~ bterpretations th&t

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=v objocta a.re not ro;pa: tacl in !uzoa booauao ot i:bt ~cat rag~1n4

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paper ccrk. ~ lcmgeJ~ ~Jtion'1ra wulcl
2""\b pilot o'leu l!m'e .reluoto"':":iJ 1D

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the CNn"elXt plc.n to place
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1. In tho an!!ll,.Su or FlJ.-t~~ts p~or ~ 1 Jul 52 ap;rox5natsl.1' 15.%

ta:e clua1!1ed as "possiblJ" or proba.~" balloon. fhe bas13 -!or "IJOision 1rU go:~::rally little J:lOrO than 4 i"Ol"m or rues.uorkJ i.t .tho .FJ.yobrpt
did mot. do a.nytbiotrJ and mch lea:vay ns allowed tor obseiTer'a 1'alJ1b111t7,
that a baJJ DOA cO'.ll.d not. do in ::;neuvers. spm~ otc~, and U the de3cr1po-

\
t

u on ccrresponc!ed aven ro~hl.y ~o that or a b:oslloon, 1.~ vas ao classll'iec!.

U t.hore ~ no particular nason to believe a balloon wu 1n the are~, tJle
report becUO!le a "possiaJ.e. U the sigh~z oecurre4 ncar a balloon lau=b.iug ai~ ar on or about t.he lautJcb t.i:ne1 it. ~eca::r~ a "prob;1bl.o. Xt. ws
obvious that, a.n e!!ort. to obtai'D .f'actuzl d.a~- ~ supp~rt. such ~o~ns1ona

..

was in

creer.

2. AITU.-5 a~roached the pxoblem or mat.:er ball.oozrs first. Weathe

ballocM are o1' the rolla:ril:i t,pes 1

Radiosonde - !!lbceri:ed tan latex.. 6t in diz:etft' at l~umch,

. up to 20' at ~titads . Ca.r!"!.es a tra.r_,dt.ter u..d telm:~t.ering dodca ~or
'ttttperut.ure p:-essure, d~..z.vi:lt soqucnces, 'i:bich tr;;ns::lt.tar uzxier certain
oonditic:-.s wuld [i'\"e r.!d'!T ret.ur:lS . Also ca:-ries a whito r.mmn; light
..
..-. . -. . ...
ct.u-ing' ni~ht. hun:hes b3.tter,r 'Oi)~:lteci, wbit:h- shoulci last. rar d::t.ion o
. . .......=_::. !l1ght. !local as:cnt is to 701 0001 - 1001 000' .. at :f: 1.~000 n/-i!J# at .:tdcb
.
altitude tile balloon b.u-st.s x::l equipccDt re=ov~ is e!.t'ect.ed b7a. red

parac!:utc.
.
.

--

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-

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a radar

.
ilclr:i.ns~nde - Sc,e, a co:b1 Mtion o min anc! radioac:lde

c.

b. Jtmin - Sa.,.s }:-.s"Jloon as a bave, but 1.t c rries

trian~e", and i.s a 'i:cds alo.!t. observation

'

Ra.tal - Sa:1a t)pe o! balloon., tracked b.7 t.heo=lite !or ld.~ds

aloft o'bse--."Ut.:!.on.

d.

o. ?!bal. A Rilberi:ed tan ht~ be11oon, 30n in ciia.aetS!" at releu'e at!~ !:. or 5' at al:.i-;;I"'e. Bu..r%:t. and clinb.cocp;lrablo to radiosond~.
A ldnds 2J.:t-; c~c~atio:11 tracked by thoodollte. Carries rt:nning li~ tor
nigbt l.an--:...,;..es.

I
I

,,., t..;.p!!3 or m'"r<::aa are lau.nched at o;ooz., 09QOZ, 1500% and nooz
dai]7., ~oeg;e:,:o, sc:ae at.atior..s lauru:n ono, ~w, t.hreo or .tour ~.cs dr11r,
oth,rs h' '"' ~t":"~~!C'~~ so!ne la'rnch only on11 ~JP~, and others saven:.l or
'' !n ~~ ~ ':oi.cn, t~-::o o~ Jaureb. CQ' vary ap~rrn;-;atel.Jr ti.Urt7 rrlDu.t~3 !'rca
the achod,,1 eC t."l':'le, ci~b= 1my. AJJ ::&&enaies whtch launch b~oons aro quick
to ad:it t..~ b.Uoot!S ema l".all".1nct1on an4 that. r.o.a~J1' are lo!lt. In addition,
lriJld cur .. ~=-..3 :~ al~i.t.riil can ca.u::;c ~.e balloo:t.3. to. mJau::e od:! slmpos end.
StraJ\:0 :C2":..::0.".'!'r~. T.i"~ blloon~ 'D!ld~ Ccr~!lin at.:O!J!'h~'!"!a CO~ditions e=
4

appo:.r t-o ~ =l+='OSt; ;:.."li; color, and r:.cy b vi~iblct oven at extrx=e
pa:rticularl.; z.;. swu-ise n."'ld aunset, to an observer
. on the
. gz ound.

altit'Wies~

"

I.
____________

.. ..

.. .

-..

- - -- . - -~-- - - -- --------------------

.. I

Ati.\fw-51 !J:ced mtla 'tl"d:; sit11;1t1on, c=pUed in July a tilo or balloo:l ba:-..ch cbt.a cards !o:o. :J.r ::aatll:no Ser."ice, 1';1val JJ..r ~ie~tJ~er Serdce,
and !icatl:c:- b'.1ra:m laurch a~%lt1on:J. In nd:!i~~Qll' thi= 1nfor.nat.icm is picturocl r.raphic~ill;y en ;.!!" we.st.h~ b.."lll.oon ht.in:h Iocat.ion ch'lrt, Ca:'bining
t.'da i:tror=ation ldtn tha nnd:J al.oft, dat.a ..mich Al'IC rocoi.ves fr= th:~ tao

sidl.e ~~srts 41 o!'t.on p~lidad n solution t,o F.Lyobrpts. ~ir;nif'icant,lJ,

MJloons, ,;::assiW.e a.."!d probaole, increasoci i"m~ 15;: in Juno to 30~; in ,\~t~
nth~ in July. Th3 pc:-cent.a~ or reports ~ed. as "unkru;mn" c13croaaeci

3.

ca1n is a rQnJ. o:w, and rostat.a tro:1 the

or 'the u--'=trOun:i d3ta ;.nd t.~e elbizmtion ot guosnork

proport!m:!taJy.

~~
.

.......

.!,.. "fOe :1ctusJ n.dicscmda JCGt.~orol.oeicDl. 1r.fozwt.1oa is aztra.ctad b;r eJ 1

agenci.u lzom..i:1ne ~'l~oi:S on'to ~: ~l.a, 3lb1 ~ 31c. For utnd3 al.oi~ ob. aortat!c::s~ all ag~:ie~ use 'ii.~l 2> and roa, alld. those fo~ Also inel.ude
the tr:1= o..C the 'ba1l~:. .All acor..aies .tornard these records to the lto.tional
l:oather ~acol"d8 Ccn~or, Creve Arca:io Bldlc!in<:~ Asl::arlllo1 }!ortb Carol1nn.
ATI~\-S b:as pecucstaci the co, A::S, Tihicb ma1 nta1 r.s A . cetaencnt at Asl:evillo,
. to per::it 11 ittue ~oka to dsai di:"ttc~~ \'lith ..\shsville~. Ths intr-:1t1on 1s to
requast pho:.ost.'it.a of ~ha s~ (~iiL\li 3la b1 c) t:l'"'d t..~ b:-Uocn tro.ck
(~lJA:l 20 alld ~Oa) at. c:notain :J:pacific t.'aes a:o.d. places. U this is GPfll'~lri1
.ATIC 1TW. ~e in a poait1o:1 to obtain t.hese reeor-J.s tor r:vero.r bsJ J O:)n !'light

:E1

-. _:._,~J?'!:.~~lP:~~~~~-~~i.!'.:.~.:.OV:~~-$o~::_!ce,~~~-so:s~rJ-~~~ ~. the u.~.

..

~;;..._ ,, _

:_

1tlllpa- and lJOat..'ler sl*iiloz:~:rat saA .. Inac!tHtich A:. ~7 -~tl :c-ontit~ut to-use-
. the b.,,,oo.~ la":Jt:Ch in.!'c~a:."'= av.U.lablo in t.r.ia office anc111il.l ~ taa to

'

accuz~.nlat;5on

t.1.,e x,,i various 1Al-.:r.c.1. sites f'or speei!ic 1l:i'o:r::ltioD.

approach 1t"il.l solve the p.-obJ.a=, o! lf"Oatller M1loo!lS.

Part
II
~ 11~or .Air Resea:::!:l 00 loou

Dlsse z:ethocb of

=ta

1. S,9ci:-Jl,- aesirrz.! t:Y?~s of b;1Joons ant u:;ed by the USI..F :md t.he
u.s. fMi."z:l i:1 coopera~on =.t.~ var-ious cont.racc.ors ~ obt..?.!.:1 uppor zdr
f~r eciC!l-:~ fie ~~oses. l'hcre is no doubt. tl%t tllese ~alloon:a cause ~
obrpta; t-:"-:-tc~-f':"'.~ data o~ elJ:von s-.:.ch !li.r_t!lta in July res\Ut.od in positive .
1dsntL"'ic:..;.'ti!.O:l in th..~e cnscs1 p:-obalJlG id~nt.i.t'.lc:.:1tion in t!trce moro. The
u.s. i!a~.r, t.hroo:&h it.s fiPld r=p:Bsent4t.iva o! c:m at the University of
Vir.n:;:so;.3., d~cls with ~ce c:ont.r:1ct.cn. l"n~ 'b... llooM rcl~a:Jaci ore l~e
v

w:1t.e p0)~"5t.::;:rl:s ~}~'= c.a~Lle o1 ~-dlni3 to 100 in d1:aet.er snd c.&X':'1'1ng up t~ 5-~ pour..::s c .cet.a1Jic equip:lc:lt.. Valva and :lr.fia.t.ion arr~sent:a
control ~..,n-;1~:: =lt1~.: 414 n. I:aturAl.ly~ t.l'!a;y aro visible evan at. cxtr=.
altitl!.ds.s +: . -:!2%' ~-=:v C'Q:"'d:1 tior..s end ro capaOlo
assu::d.ng ol-:oal# acy ohape
. Th:t co::~.-::-:-:.ot"& cite: r:Uca:;e rro::s tJ:'ile to tbe free or att.ached clust.ors of
tho r.A ;;-;c ? t)pe ruol't:!:i%ed. tmlJoons~ u vvU.

or

~ . . 2. ~ese flir.ht:s aro ort.a:~ of long d\U'ationr ono Uinna~~Ua rol.!:aaacl .

'l>al loon z:::;:s t:~ckecl to Capa Cod u..d lout-,. t!:c.-n i ~ wu recov~rod. 1D I?orda;ua,
hanc~t., ~)" ara. T.l2 acl:od P.Y t.cn .P.DF at.::t.tior:l t.l"~ghout. tho Unitoc.f Statoa.
~~ 1

, .: ....:~ .... ~.,

-n~~:~ t.:- ~ .1 :.. 1 ,. ..;,.

. .

i
3 .&~:..-'--5 hu t!kon at~.s to aar, u; a rer(~ti~:, sy:sto:~ tor all bDl.loon !lir.:'".s or t.h3 J;a~ contr.:ctors. tld.s pro:~.l'l will be 1~\l;1lonted

15 Oct 5!' :=d "ll'i.ll ~r:::m~n~ly solve t.h3 n-"'tl~ of u;s. l:avy upper air
rosoe.rch b.:llloor.s.

______ _

._

. - .

-.
..

-..

__ . . . ... ----------------

'

- -

....

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4.

The USAF cparat-as tw p!"'jcct:s, "C-op~::r" and tt.z:oby D!.ck"_, which

imol..,e t.ho relcua ot tha 14.-,:o po~"Ct.vlcne tl'Po b.,lloon:~. In all po.rt1on1an_, n!;;ht ch:ra't.ioJ:S_, tr;1c!:ir441 s:othocl!J_. c~c. , t..'toso tlir,ht3 aro ccr.parabl.o to the u.s. l~:tv,r Jit:"Ojectu.. J.t pre~cnt, ~\TI:'-4-5 hns r::o ern:.-..tnicat.1on
or lin:t~on ;dt.h th~se J:rojcct.=-1 tro~t .o\T.t,\lo~-5 into~ to uao t.h!!. a:mo approach
and repo.-t"-r;: systea nth tho USAF Pf'Ojects aa nth ~e _!laval contract.on

Coaclusicm:

..

l."Pilll: air,

B3" 1 1:=7 52

ATIAA-5 ~~~be recoi~

ancl

co:Ip].etca c!Ata em all nat.hu.

uSAF upper ail' baUooD r~lcascs. .
.

liotes

Th13 papnr 1s a ehot'to in~du.c~on to t..'le balloon phase o Pl"oject

Bl.De Boo~. For ~"'::te cosiring the co~ct~ inf'Ol"':Ultion, :such as ag,...,cies
and po...son;.Jitiss involved., c.hmmcl.s n.,d. method:~ of ca::nunic~tion, etc., 1~
. rill be neceasa.7 to re3d th& .tollo:ting wppor..Jn~ p1para which aro on file
in .A:r:IA..W-5.

.
. .
.

...

a. BaJJoou
lata iolc!ar

---

..:.. .. ...

..

.;.

-
b.~. t"'!sc<JJJ:uteous Co!".:."~Sj)~J!enee:FfJo ~ -Letter 5 Sep 52 to:"
ll'SAP' C.u:.b...!.d:;:e ?..es=~eh ce.._~_, c~z:.b.ric!~e, :s-ssacbse~ts., subjs Air Force
Uppel' M:: E33ea...-c:h ~a,,:on Eosl~ascs_,
i'irst i:',:!:,rsccsn't t..~c..-cto.

am

\
tetter 22 Stp 52. "

ire3t..~a:-

Se:-vi.ca Ccrres?Qndcn~e ~-I.e tor CCJ A.'"':S_, !:".lbjt CH-:a~lci"'J Ihta fqr !'reject !nno Bocl:.
c. . Air

. .

,,'
-..

d. u.s. Ibny Cc.i.lespon:leneo Fll~ - IBtteri 9 Se? 521 tot A1:o

subjJ o:m. ~ ..\ir l::r-J1ocm .Projoc:.s, ud o:m al'la#er tl:laretcJ

\ .

e. 7ravel bpo:;it- I..t A. G. nues~ 2S Ai:c 52 to Washi~_, D.C

~.

'

Travel F..e;=nr~- Lt A. G. F.lues_,... lS Sep ~.. to Ashsv:'lla,

x.c

- g. Tlavel ~ -: Lt A. G. Flues, 30 Sop 52-t, to flir.."ll!apol's

l!inn:sot.a.

"

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l!sDoran~u:n for file OSI-~.:/A

~ . .-.:.....-:. ;~

--

21 Jan1:.1rJ 195.3

'

or

Jfeetin~

OSI Adn~ry Cro~ on lJFO

Decfauified by e> ::i ;(.:3 7:;_::.
Jantnr.r l4 thru 17, 1953
.Sate
2 0 8PR 'bll

.L~ 0345 on Ja~ry 14, 1953, an nd hoc pa:tel or scie~M.ric co:1:!.3ultants .

was eouveued. to revie'..r the "Unid~nti!ied uying O""jecb, p:"Oblc=. 1.. dateD ed
etatezent. or the J'roblem prc:sl'!nt.Gd to the g1:oup by CIA is att.nched as Appen-Hx ..

J.. ~e panel consisted or the following:

. ....

.
.
.

.. . .
-.
.
..

. .

..

.- Dr. lbbertson, .CIT

.
...
. .

.
.. . .

. .. . .. . . . . . ..
Lui:~-1
1
'\'B.r8Z
Dr

. '
... . . . . .

. :.

Dr. s. Gonds:it , Bl'Ool:b~ven .

. .
.
.
.
.
.
...

. Dr. Thon:ton P~go, 0!0 Johns Bopkin.s

. . . . .. ...

. . Dr J .A. P~nek, consult:t.nt t.o A'II C.

.
.
.
.

...
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_
.
.
...
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. . .,.., . . ... ....
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.

The rollowlDg members or the starr or OSI vere present tor nrious plrts . _-
.. : .-~ ._:. cr the cli.acussions.
. .
.
. ..
. .
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.. . . . .
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to aniet. the sclentif'ic FaDel in its review alld 'rnal')'"Si~t of vidence; .. . :_'. . .
. . . Ca.pt. ET, fuppel t or ATIC, tt. l~eashatl and Yr .B.. \Too or the Navr phot~ . . : _.: . ..
.
.:. .
. interpret..-~ ti.on lnb at .bacost!a,. and Y.ajor !oumet and Capt. Sz:Jth or Air . . . .... .
..: .. .. Force Di:e~t~nte of Intelligenc, vere present.. .
. ..., . . ..: ..:.. . .. .~-- ..
.... ~
A .r~ report on the :re~-bs or the ~eetillg is .beillg prepa;ed 'tor
:.~.::
..
AD/SI by LZ.:.C. Dunni]but it is believed th-"it the f'!Jllcnd.ng is ~ !"air ata.tG&nt .
.
.
. . . . . . : ~ ..
. . of' the. conClusioM. reached:
.
.
.
.
.
.. .. . . . ... . . . .. ..
.
1. w-, evilence i3 .~v:!.ll:.ble to .lndie4te -~ :phj-siMl . ihl-eat t.n ihe . :. .-~-.;.: -~

. . :-. . ... eecuri:t.7 or the United States.

.
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.
.
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.
.
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. 2. Ho evid.cmco is a~ileble to 1ndi=t.e the existence _o r use or 81rJ' . ~ .:.

ec1eilt1f:ic .Principle.
.
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- as "'yot unknown (to us) tund:a.me:atal
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. _:. ..

iilU'Der.:.\:1~ unsolved zzr;rsteries of the U!liVers~ are of inteJl!gence interest.
.. . .

.
,

. . . ... .. . .. .

' The subject "UFO" is or operatioral interes-t 1"or three reasons:

:. .
(a.) Interference vith air defense b,y intentioral ene~ Jxr:rinl or
. .
~lack or ability on the part or o_::~erati.Dg personnel to dia- ..

or direct

: 3. The subject not'O" is" not

-~

crlmir..:~. te

betueen maar ano:-J~.lies and ac~ eirbon:e veapons . . -. . . _ .

(b) &luted to (a), interl"erence vith 11ir defe:tse t;y 0'7erload1rg
>
.
.
COteft'J.ni~ tion lines b-oa t.!le air dof"e!l:lo obscrvn t!on sta.tions. :. . .
(c) Po:~sibil.ity' or a psycholo~C4l offensive b.r the enecllf timed. . : : :
with respect to M ~ctnal.Atta.c-: could conceivabl7 seriously .
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tict.U.l;y answer thct 11eels prc~ent.ed in Appendix A. ra:n."cvcr~ it is AntiCipated

tba.t
co..-:ment on these points 'Will be presented in a writte!l atater.~ent !r=

the ac:ienti!ic panel to AD/SI

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.0

1952

Minutes

of Meetir~ held

in

Director~s

C~erenc:e Roo:n~ Aclttin"ist:':!.tio:~. BuildiU$

Centr$:-1 lute lli~ent!'e A5ency. 'on 4 :Ce~cbt.-r 1252

Actin; Deputy D1rectar . (~tell1gence)

Centznl Intelligence Ase=7
.J.!r. Bobe:rt .Amoey, Jr. .

..

.. .... -

..

..

. ..

v.

Park Armstrq, ;,r., Special Assistant., Intelli;e~ce

Depart~nt ot State

.
Erigadier General John 1-J. W1llems 1 acting "rar kisutaut Chie~
or Stat-r1 G-2 1 Depart~nt or the
.
lieu Admral Carl r. Esp! I D~ectar
lla\"3.1 Intel] 1gence,
..
.
. Department _.or. the- !~vY
-

:-..
loiajar General Jolm A. se.~fords Director or. Intel1'1gez:~ce_.
..
Eeadqnarters1 , Ut:1:ted. Sta.tes~.At: Farce:.
. - . . .. .:- .
Dr. 'Walter F. Colby, DU:ector of'."Irltetligence~. AtC!jdc: _ _ ,:
Mr.

..

-.

.. .

En~rgy

..

'

Feder~l Bure~~

or

Inves~igation

~-

Co;::::"'' ss1o:1
. l5rip.ilier Gener~l EO.wi!rd K. Porter 1 Deputy .D:lreetar ~ar

~~tellisenc:e, T:~e Joint Stett

J.:r. Metrert t;. X~U:-tz, ac: tir..g tor Ass 1stant to _the Direetar,

AlSO PRES<WT

.. .

'

....

. .
/Dr. She...x:an Xen.t, Central Intell1i;en:e Age:1ey - .

rD:-.
E.
Jl.arsh!.ll
c:..-.aveiJJ
Central
Intelligence
Agen..7
.
- Paul Bortl"l Centra 1 Intelligence Agency .
.......,

'l'm~.z. Lud..:ell L. :t.o!:lta~ Central Intelligence Agency

j

i . .

l.:. Philip Strong, Centra.l. IntelliGence Agency

I .
.:-. Joseph w. S:i-:l:J ce.utral Intelligence Agency'

~=-. Yillia!ZI C. Trueheart 1 Departll;<!nt at Sta.te

' . .

J.~. J.Hon Bu:-gi:lj Departcent ot Stz:te

.
I .
!.!~~ter.ant Colo:'!el !f. c. ~erson 1 Department ar the Aru:1 .
' ....
T"' euter.ant Cole!:el Edsar B. ~o::s on, Jr.~ Dep.rtment or the Arm::/
,
- Colo~l John J. Mm-row, United States Air Force
. .,.~::.,.:; Colo:1el Jack E. !rh~s, United States Air Foree . .
Lieu~nant Colonel Tho!Dlls J. Grant, United States Air Fence
Col=el S. 1!. Lro.:.ing, The Joint St:ltt

C2-pta.1n John A. Bolbrook1 USit, The Joint. S~

. .

~o

R1char4 D. Drair1

ct1ns Secretary

..

-.

. IAC-!.f-90
4 December 1952

SEe--'R~t-f

1(

' ..

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--------------------------~

--..

,
1
.

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'(;:

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-&sEe..--~..

s~c:urity

J:o.rorst1on'

IAC--M-90

ecember 1952

'

..

Action:
..

Apprawed vith mtnor :moditica

..

. nidantified FlY1ns Ob.1ec:ts

!he Directc:- ot Central Intelligence viU:

a. Enlist the services ot selected scientists to reviev

and appr3.1se the n-,atla.ble ~vidence in thfr light ot pertt:ent
scientific tneori~ . .- -. . .
... . .
.
.
.
b . Dlatt a:cd c:i=:culate to the lAC a proposed 'NSCm, whiCh
"Would siguity IAC co!!ce!'!l in the subject and. authorize coordination vith approp:-~te non--lAC dep:y-bents Bnd agctnc!es

. .. '

. .

...

----

Discussion: Z:le acting Chairman, Mr. Amory1 presented to

the :~c. : ittee the ~s reque!st tha.t tMs subJact be in:!'orally cliscussea.
Cbadvel!P~e:fly re~eved _the evidence end peripheral
considera!10"-S 1 a~ no~cc that most ot the available evidence 1s

. ~ procelsed b:r ATIC. G~.:l~l S::.nt:~::_d or,t~_;:ed his tull eo~,:ra~ion..:

It ~~s reco~nized t~~t the ~roblem is best a~r~ehe~ if direc~~
.rclat~d to specific ?='ol~~ of ir.telli~enee and defe~e.
It ~s .
tbol.!b"~ c5.esi:'a:o1e 't2:; 'tii.~ action notec1 above unci.er "a" be uederta.ken i=~die.tel~, .r1~ consideration or a proposed r,sc~ to ~epend
~ ~n_s~~.~a~~e on t:.e ::-esults achieved bl the SFicntists' _stt\dies
. 1;..

ffi

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..._-.:::..4 Dccccbc:r 1952

----------~-----------

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IAC..fl90

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o.l!1c1 .c. r~Sl'c=1ble :g~ i

not
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l;"':i been r.~ij;r t"'i t: ..,J n
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Yro: ~e!'t~ -~t ebc-.=t J.t:OO J::r:--s on
i
. ,C"4:-1c-s "Ue.:.:~ in n...asa:t..n &J.cepi....J'I-.1 Cf"''t': i

~;;:J~j~.-= .._as cl:ter*

. !i.':"'c.:;;,y
~ J!.
of tl!e!
.c.a:~io-..:"'1 t)-:pe2 ~:rs1.st'trt; Q!' ~!z ~-Jr~lic: ~""sZo.:~u!:a:.
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c:l! ~-: ri!!-;;

or t::I:f ;re:cn Kti ona . .

c~ c

vl= obsen-cdliii 1m.'si'.s." .f~-cg obJt!c:t

l'ouc;-..~'l"to c.-a tl:o c!.eteil& ~ q e-..ni ob:.ci&tS~ ~!

ot t"ec

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~t::rc:ll~

on ,14riva"te b"Sit=..u~..

~ GC~..l"al vh':> -vcr..: a

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u.~ll:ilr"'~~'"'VU i .-p, D])a-.rt 26 )'C!S:"'.J cld.,
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!ell~ eo:
-.-:l.l e:: .. e:-~~ -~tll c:c.c'lt'Z:.~:ta . ell oA em$ aic!e, t~ bft. ei&t c.3

em~ t':'r-ea :f'c::va:d~ -.-!-t~ e.'"l a1cle O.'"'l. the riGb,t ~ide. 'rccro vc:e Vir:.:::J.m
in the ~' ~-rtt,..ft:t.:: .,....-: =the 0'\lt~:U'e ot tbl c1r.lc,. l:n.."'t ~ in th~ .a.1!ile. 'l

. . va., 1 c~ -t~e c~; --:.ts. l!:!.;cr;c:r1 d~inG th3 t~:..-. ~ t":te obs~ ce.tio!J~ .
the d-:c:- t:> =-~ c:c:;;..,-:::.:nt v~s o:...cn, so tl=:.t t&QY'~ ~ :t=:e:n:o:5 in t~
ai '"l~ -:....:;!.d. ll:ll'e ~~e: c~~~"t:J.o. l:~ r~~ol, ~etic:1 1D "tl'.;:t 'te-a vitr'v.r ot .
~ C:'"'!.C:.:- ~-~t ~.:!.";- --o w~n c~n :l little Vcl:f i'rc:L 'tb: 't
Pr!a

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t!!e t;.;," '!,'\ "L.~'\oelc:d Z.lC'J'~ nl.o:JS

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c~;::.:v rt~::.t 3
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Jabo\:t tc:;:. ..... c;.:tea aitc:r V'l! t~ r~c~

C<r..ol~~=t 4, c.r.d~ vi'th Gr'-':l.t e:~~
czwc:!~"

~h::

"ti --o v::u. th.=:n

~b\JUt

~ 'ao.id~ "I J~t DC-11 e fl}"i.~

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o v~r.t t.:t tl:e V1n"-'Ov,

1\!.n: c....... t~ llt!lts."
e::d z ., -:.:..~~ o"cr thi:ir
x Just ED.v 1t
cc:r~ ....i ~.w \:ll+"n th\: l":!!::t: v~.:
l a~ t.i:ro1J;b- tl"a v!n:c::u, -to the
G~-t!l ~ -t~ .. tnu, :m o~J~t r.::="' bUnG a ~tea.~ .:.t th~ ~:1cl o~ tl:c
.'
h;r(:'-~, :=:~!l.c.}fs' A u~~,': :.~o;.s til~ hari%Cr:l. l't c!icl z:,.t t/;lc:;r C. b~=r.:. but

1r,.t~-:a

;l.C"."Ca. vith A No!-~~ :11 llt;!:t, . ac::tQtM~ Jib ~

clc::.rl.nt:

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pla-t.e. It lc;~~ 1.,.,,.,.. u. :ir.:nJ.,r ~t stc:.x1 1m; em c..!c;c_,

t:::.in1 .c.~a p~r....-:r:s. tUtc~ sl~~U7 dc".n:l""-r'- I -l 'd.tl:.e ':3~

elc~tr!~: ~t

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vas tU
- . ~ cmc:r.li';b. to a1!e t:J!!'
...

the !'i:'.st "tc-.z r;t

u s vtlra c;..-t but it
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tl"~
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:s
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s Cl"""''"'.J -:..7. 'l:t.a vbt:..!.i..~.~

~ t;.1"'n ::ct1c::ci m1 e~Jc:t sH~~'t~ to th-e r161,t ~tea :.e~t..

:It
hz:.d t~~ :n-tntr.c; \!~-c: o::..~ s:: .. :.:~~ tv be ri11:2o \"tt"t1caU.J. X~ then cocc.:.

to c:b.... ~c co-.n-.s~ ~c. to o:::.;:=-.:.:.~h tl:e t:~ill en cere 0'! a bcn:1:g.t!.tal. ~o.:ra~
...
'tut st.~ , cs~c1;::lt ~..C: sl~ ~ "7 ( tra-v c:li:z no:th~..:ra.). I c not C:i'rt&il:.
.
v.ilat~~ tb~ b.: q 0!" t~;:: c.~~c.:t e J:~nse~ ~-o:s 1t1on. lrw:t.tb~ ~~s, "ilhic:h Gcec-.:d.
. to be .t!.:~ed. en tl:c 11~ c;! ~he obJ~ct n::ino tbe "L.""1:1D ~~inG tb= e.sc:nllt~ .
c::1t.,,. .!:C.l trJ f'o.ce to-.r~ u.. ~ '-"Ye ca:i the .lei't ws br:!r;:..t~ t,..:m t.bo
oth~r '!:-..!~ lY.st!l :;:..\e a ~~.:!:~e l ~Gilt., ~O".Ii113 l1k"l :s: flre~ r.c.t,;~r tb-'1.

cnptt!-;,; ~ b~~. 0:1 tl:e .h~!:~Zlt:U c:c.n ...~.:, the obJ~t :2,.e.,..~ ttc ~r~.Gsicu
or ~llc1t~~- Ito ~o!:e ll-a.s ~-2~d. a.:d no ttY.htm~t ~ov cr tr::11 ~ se-en b;r
.z::e. li':..~: 'ti~ c.1:Jje::t 4:~~-cd. to be nbo".lt to j;t-SS a--ter t:l:t traJ.n.,. X rzm.
to th~ ~::~::- C!.~" o! t'--" 'tr~:tn in ore~ to
loot: o-= 't~. llindn on 'tl:a

a.1:al~ :o!,.!~JO but X :.E"..r :-;t~tr..e. Zoo o~acJ.''il.-at1Ql:l J.a.st~a. nbcut :tix or aeven.

T.uc

&~cL~l VC:L:t!~i:.ticm.

. ... --... ':"'

Gett~M .. t!:.~ l:"' 00 :1.~ a ~ 0 .,...:t!

ls~llli.:!.S r~t 2~ e.zi:tl!o-.:.t b;.:1lcJn;s1

'th,1.t tb.c

..

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~~~b.;: l.c::;;~. !f'i-: pcrt~l" vas Dt~"b!-1t!.; in~ c:or.!...:r

ror.:n:d.~ ::.:uo Cet=?_F._~: 6, but 1.!4 bot aec:c to be J.oo1dnc;

u:cc::t"l'i,

Gt t.t\1 t ._._.

,_

it . ao '" t X.\ic-.:1!!.
re .I0>~~1

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:::-;or;,;.:a !:: the c.a::l:..~~==nt vo.s c:<:~nrt=el end. \le.c-;:,1.. X =tea. i!" it c:oul.l1

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to

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V-34

tl!r: ~art~ th!:: r.o.:..c o~ =

thr: J- r-~ !i!::.t!.o:: V~'!;;h .,;e \- ~dlJ'G:i~cl.
rcl~c:~ ta r!c :o ro-: r~:JZ> Ot' :
c.rc~~.tr.:.:; -t!:.;! ~-.;l"'t~r: zr-..~piclon. l!~.:cver~
-~rsut::C. ~d, i
- Al;cr;t !i;~ to ~1~:1 r;.1.~ut:e:; c~"t~r "t.!l.l -o~w~t1Qll~
~4':.-..:c-..-:.-::b.:~ t!:e l-'i:Jl t\!r :
in 'th:..: ;!:sl~ :1::..! in a l"'C'.or...l::.~c-."'t' "\\ey ~!l!>!'CJC.~~<l tl!.:: c;t:~:.tioli o-r tl~ r .. ..c:a
o1 t!le 1 ~"t nl!d :ta::t t!\t i::.r.::., vh::ti.:.\!r tb:J~ ve::ro l or~u, .c.u<l I:.c::,r J.~ ~c.

~-...~ ilit~.:=.s~~."

- --- -r- "

G.

l-

o-o1t t:C.. vit:C.~

vin:.:::. ...,._"; v;: !~-~ ~ce~ =o~~thi.:,z

l..:l\~ b ...o.e::. sc-.... ~"'~ o!" c.irS!ltl.!:le naa. 'the o~l;;::roa x-ep.l.!ea.~ "t:o, ti:""-:"0

..

~"" :-z.r,s~tC:.,; Y"..: ~-ned. em t~ 11~t~ 1l:t t~ c:~.PB"ttcerd:#

, .....~
"\:~ Ga.V a. 1"l.yii'G zwr::\!r.,. .

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. X ~"ntc:a )"''.l bO)-s to noe-

err the: nisJ.c;

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X wro dc'brle!'cd. ....,1:

pr1ncipol. 5~ru-rJ 1iravjld.cd

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o~ly

dcbrie!'!~
.sup,Pl'1!!.e:!~t

:a !e-.t

nt tb:!.t

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l

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c!.ea:ribet .'tl:.c JS~u_..e c~ .t l:o obJ~ct vh1c:h ve c~ce:: .-cd~ :tnn5"'!1.c'h a.:s
I o~c:"".-ed :co a:i)l~o-.at'te. X b .. t:ie iz::p.-essicm. or a. b.txc t objec.t, prc~Oly
. ~';o~~ t~,.,,., GD_D.irp,~-, b\rt in !lo vay .did :I c}t:du ~ :b_i.!"essial:l c~ tho
s1lt.~..:.~tt~ c! 1:.'1 c"::::Pl~- . l\dh:l.13 the objac1: coi:!ld Q.ve lari a:art v1~.
I n'\: ~c-: ce:='..~in v!:.:~'t'"': !t ,.1u c:r va.a not . C.tsc-s~ or c1rcuJ ar. It

COll~.:..,-e-l tc 1:.-! t}nt 't::!:z IJ~jCd C!.t tint \r'US f~ ~O:U 'tl:e 1:r;UU t~n .
the! !I~C':"'H:;':t. J.t .. ~1 i;i ...C!SI tl::.~ SeUc:bligb:tJ O:.P,PQQ:osed. tO b~ J.erg---%" 'tbmt
tlw c'bj~::t ~A st=."t!.c~=:y. J: Cf1!!'Cj t ea.thts.tc "tl:e soJtJ.tu;te ro::vlled by- th~ .
obJect, b::t it "'aS vez:; ~ 1 c:;ll.. I e:umot e!;t1;-?tc:r t~ G~ed nt v'htc!l t~
()bject -:..~. ~od. :!t C!.4. ll:)t C:!l ta ba tm~~l1;-.g 'Ver:J :rest. Ol:l it:l
.
ll~i:c:h ...'l c~=-s::, .tt S:!C'Jg_ ta be sUcH:ns ~1~~ ex:i 1~ .r::ee;:ed to be
. . ~v'"'i:i ,. ...- ~ JSlc-.r!y ~ !-; Gr~rC"cl=ol ~h!: Ltilhl tb3a vhon nrst obsc:r1ecl.
It ~!~-~~'!.;~" a!!. r~ v!:.!.!:: "by at 2ll wrezm...l a~e4. X did not ht:-Xl'" nny
JlOi~c ~"" .. --'" rt~'tt !:.::.-:e- bee:: ns~~ict~d: 1."ith tba objeet, nt~! X bct.l.1 ~vc tb.t

tl:e .cc:......:: cL" a:: e!':~l---"' ~:-~!.?<! ,:~lll.d. bve been hetL....-a. ove:r t~ tr.n.tn ll01s-=p
l b~~ :.crev~~ t,l ' e;:e~ t)r t.cc obJ~~t ,h.Jn tba obje-.-t &p:troa.--!1~d. tb" ti--in.
''i'"'
~ ... -~ - 1,...,.. ,..
-..- a --....
~ dt
~".&._...., .. . , ........
"P
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--.... :: "-:.r s+"
--"-'---.:
'-'
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,~
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-w..,..,.....,_;
'J..,..t
~
ca.=.~'::)~ t::.-!.-=~~ !.c-.; 1o:: &l~ th'!y ve!l"G . X ob:le..""'\reclno ot~rr., S'7~ 1 l light::
on ~~e ~~:~~t. I :-:o :.t rc~ll ~ce1~ IUf'J a111.tary tra:.L~c: cr 1Jlst::t.llat1cn:
CJr f!ii~~'!'!""~""-C,~ Vi't'~-"n ]tn.'U:' .,!:l hcur ~ e1t~Pr B1C!a o1"' the! ~ o:r C1JSI!r\"Uti

1- .I <:::"'="~

at:l.t1=. Viu be A Jc:rc;er st~ c:d ~

...... ,1 't:
t.o set crt 't lr.q zcuctll1123." % ~utu:rmd to the cc::;ertt=nt
end tel~
't:bc patc:r :see:ea. a little rol.u;~ to tiw
eey

lAte=
~-~~
Cc:lP' rtcent 1,. ana
' IJtl, ~ C:-...-a the vin.;c:~ liC~.t S"Q-1ttz ~
(rt 'a better this ll~} ..
Ire t!ls~ :!='''<;4.. -~~!cs on tl::J:
X. t!o ~ ~c:cin. bi-5 .. .
eJ::t:.:!~ t,,,~Ji~ I a =.; .. rtGo-:= -to pUll. the a=.:es.
tha step . .
At t~ U~ Gto:.tic:s, b c..;:.vu t'A 'tb.~ !10."::= a!"
&t:.ticn t
.
~

7c"! ;c: tcr =7 b"4~ abam.

c;a,a aH s!=:: e:t~i'tC:':Cz:t V~a~ ~
the
lJut : ap J:Ot b~li~a
.
tr~t lois cx::itc:cnt \ic~ c-..--~tecl Vi~ o-.r'Lobocuatic:l. I"bclleo.~ 1:~t
.
t~ ~~.i3C ~":! CVC 'b~:2 !:1~ .f!'lJ~o to !ollO"'.t tli:t &tr:nrJ r i r.J.l.G 0%1 :~
tr:1='3 to P'.lll the -~~a u ace:: u it 'b:ee:z: ~ Ir=. va:s lJrtct 1!1 ~~

: th1 s, rn:l ~o C.oubt VC! v..:;::e :;as~1-r.g. thrci'.J;h a:--a ~ic.~ecl area vhe;::e su.:h
1r~t.tuet1o~ o~:. be c)l:!~"\-cd Gt::i~t~~ I clO :cO~ b~l;:a:ve--t'h"t eitc11 r cat :

t'ba ~~a.r tilD i!!!~cngen 1.::1 tbs c3: ti~~t.r th~ ~~ t>;at acrr~!:i~ :..
. . ~...:t.:=~ J;....d .ho:.?pen..~ :2~~ ~ .. :-~, t~~~!';L;~=:
:!f;11:1 COC,Y\rlt-.ent ~ ;
1u'l.d. nro~a t!ia I;a!"'ter to i-~1""..::-.l his 'b;i~d bC~ru;o:e ho l:::'!d 'to ~ up nt 0200 '
llcur~ ~\:)eat o'!f thtt -t.....,=~- ;.s ~u Q.:l I ~.r~ b v.mt to b~d ,;u!t" BCZ:O

t!::~ 1>.~-crc: th~ CC1:w::.e::e. ~~ civ111a.n t'r~ Cc:;tF.: t:~r:t 6 lms seen 1n
tt!! z::!,t:.~..,
sc;:etre a.."tc -:1-e oc:o:ur.re::c
b\:.t .D;rt at th.... 1:J"'i': o! 'tb~ occ:w:'l"ei\"'
.
.

'.

voulcl :to~ ;J.t tba Dt:d ato.~OD., cce-'~nt,:zz tbnt vo ~:b.c:~Ja 14 m to cbt&iu
ao=e v:!.tar or 'tc=.- ~ }.'<l: :a:r c.I"1S"scl''l:recl 1D. Ol2l7 gct:o:r:Jl. tcr::s, net no:"~

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E:cce;t tor

vlth.

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t:.o.:tt~

~:~J:c:t.

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a1:c:e tbc oc:~

=t t.!'bric!c4 o: tl=
not c11&:cu:u~ufl' thi~

th~

Cld:o1J

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-------- - --~---- ---:

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nte tram

=
tor ecut

'Wa:l

abcu.t

..

eel tm mmutes. ou-t

hour

...

'

lO mimltes after it tumecl east

!he
i/:ilq

:floc:

~ t'r:se was about 7:10 PM.

. .

.
2. 5he object vas s~ted cut the laft. Bide. of ~ tra'" ~
. lanc!s:a; ~~~ ~ bar~ pla~ tel t..'1e h9riz= ...:.:: . ~ . -:
..

~ 6

..

. .

. .. .

30.mp!l..
.r,. 'b:aiA
. .'Wa:L = :!:lz a-t. aboa.t
.
.

co~lttt.'7

w.taic!a~

da..--k

5.

. . . ..

. .

h. The llghta bad 'bem t\mlecl m 1D the uam bat .it was nat yet

..

... -

..

..' ' :. .. . . . .

. ..

. . . ..

~. ~~~

vas Clea:-.

...
..

..

... .

tin. :i:~ rma ccmparl.":ct: ldiich. m.s

&rx;
...

~trill

ae- a --., ~ 6 zsaucer.

9 .1'ha

........ .....
...

sa a

IJ-~

ntt~.., light 'hilich vaa &,~~ed

as a r,ltr.r~
.

..

. . .. .

ll. ,._..~c the obj~:~ -.:as po3.nted Cllt ta him he aaw V.IO llhite ]1gb.ts~ .
l:!ke e:;e~, rise Tert!ea,,~ mel then move rap~ over. tbe tram. Be . . ..
~oked ~.;.-: the op,osite sia or tha train but coulcl zsee nothl.Dg.

.;

lights ve~ c!..ini"J.ished L.,d aJJ 'lor;,ked out the windw

,..........

~~

into compa t:wut and

i!DDouncec1 tbat he had

.
. . . . . ..

lg

l.O .

..

a.

1.2. Z!:e bod;r ot ~a object a:ppeare4 =~ u a darktme<l object agains-t.

the ~.. !~ r.A7 ha~ b!!!ll square or round, h_e va.s not aura.; .
;
..

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total ti:e

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1'8. J.!loo.:t.. lO cl!:l~t.es ai'ter the .:s~t'inr, the ate~ard ca:ce

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~?~o~~C is a sta~e:~~t or his

!Vl..L.I. sub::it se?u:.tely his vieve;r;~~rt
I be~ie.-.~ he is 1n Benerl!l
views ate.tecl herein.
.

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!'be party ws

2;

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.;. ._.

~! '0 ~.;,:.a_?." . :_l

train at tbe spec:i:t'ic: re~uest

~
~ ;;
=u~ every

atte:pt to jourp.ey by t:-a h1 1ihen

tcnd.s to refute
the
the tre.:' '- .
1n order to stage the

cpen.
,Q,out au hom;o e.nd cm~ha'r ;:.
c-.1t ,
subj~~, o~~o
not
Wl., W&S resting 1n
j
his ~
1o"itb ~~ li~hts tur:led out 'VhUe the remn-t ..:3er ~

the ~s::ty 1mS 1D the ue;,. ce~a..-tt~nt vith the lJ.Blts on. Be
s~~:-~7 !lotic:ed a sre~-rsh-~-eJJ ov ~ risi:lE: rapid1y. lie rushed
.
i:lto
tb~ ne:~ c~~3.:'t.::e_!.. sta.tine t.~at he hM seeu vbat he thought'

.
vas a !'1:--!.:s ssuc:er. Z:~y turned out the li~ts- and l.ool;ed out . :
I
the \.-!!:=:.:- G~ W~iiF,:y sav notbinc and the reSt ot the pc:rty ws
mitie-:-:7 skeptic:l~ :::-:~ver, suMet:~ly
a aec:=d b2ll vas noticed . ~ - ~

.riin.:; =.:.~!"1:; e"rd. t'b.c.

'the other ttembers ot the part.:r wre ccmvineed. .

~e se~oi o'bjec:t "~ ""'"'tinl ly seen a.t a. .mini!zru:z. altitude ot 700 to I. . ..

I
800 .tee-:- a'!"'.."': vltiJ.e. tl'l~ t~rst object :vaa i~l.t~ vie1."!!Cl a~ mz.
,..
. .
even 1-l"g,.._,_ cl.t!t.:~e. ii?tb1ns V"..S seen on the p:cnmcl v1th the'
I .

exc:~~"- ~ ~ ser::!:. lit;bt vhicb 'W.S about one-bolt to one a'les

'... .. .
e.1.-ay ..,.:; a,;eeee. to be &imed at. a ver:i lov trajectory nJcost at .
.~~
tbe ~-"-. !!::e r.:":Je~ did not on eit!ter oc:"c:asion see the f'or.:&.
I .
I .
o' ~e c"!:~e~, o...-;Y' ~h!B fiery ball. lfo .rixm est!=.to cov1.~. be .
. '
11!1'-!~ c:~ t::.e size c:- d!st!!."lC:~ or the bsll bec:euse there were no .
'

.
re!'e:-e~:!! c:'jec:~s.
E:lvever1 the su'bj~ct had tlle iap:easion t.bnt
I
t~ o~;a::~ co~,d ""-=:e bcell ns sr..:\l.l t\G a. roc:l'!ct ~,.tho'* no tr.:Sl
W.S le~ by the :-iS'!l"'C bill. !file object GLYe the i..,pre~::ion of'
.
vh~l..(-z; u i al':?~!Zed. to follo'u a 'si:ncle. tre.jec:to17 vith ~ br~k
;'
1n 1~s !""~~t ~tt::!l. !t'"ae sub.!<:ct c11d.- not see OJ:y l1c'ht!:1 only the.~ .
.
yellcr.d.s: r,lmr (t!liz 1D c:cutl.~~ t9 :o"tnter..eri.ts or other obs~rwrs). ' .
!I'ha cerc:n ~iDrt clid not U}"l!>C:lr to"be f'ollcr~~ tbe object. J!beu~ f
"rive to 'te:1 ~~"l\ttes ai't\?l"' ~be sichti..'P~Ss und o...~er the subje~ b::"d
return~ "t~ his ct.-n CotG';ntment~ tl1e cuard s:Me 1n end pulled clolnJ, i

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It is ~
1ble tha..t tbe objeets
seen \o~:-e t~e eY.~\~s o~ .ncnwol ~et aircrat 111 a. stee;p cl i:::t"o.

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to be .c~:--& ,;re\:.-uent iu t.:a vie~:-..:.ty 01~ G.t.c-u.t c ener,j" in~tdo1 lc.t1ous ('\..hic!l is
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b;r-:-:;:-c1u:t3 o!' E:to..t:ie l"~:;siG.."l r.:$:r. iil .so.-:e ~~ a.ct co.it..Ujrticu.lT to ;r-0\lto.ce
!.C'!l-i.g,;s~.::e:s" h .- :s r..:;)t bee:t ;.Ii:;.,rcved. 1'!1& t;re.:.est .D'CJ~~.r o: ~tic~:s 1- a
been r~.!e a.t or r..ta.r D~'\"'tc~., O!l!.o t;h~re tl".c i..,vesti~ions .re Gin: CXJ.

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V. 0! t~e ~h~~S~!'I:s Q!".o.'"!.~"' 3!.\i.C~rsn S~~te.:i of 'V.h1c!1 there~ J;"eco:-.2~ t}".e
Air Fcr:e ~~7s ~!1::-t . 7~ !l..;e 1.--een ~;binei by either IIB(l) or m( ~) aCO\re~
h.lve :.~:': e;,:;cse:! ~ r~~es ani the r~.. \inja;: 21...'% h;.ve !1~ bean cx.,-,1 Jinetl.
~' I r.D.7 :~~:."t;S(! or t!le "lo".!.i;.'Uti cltJSCrl~tio!lS .;!.'\"eQ ~ O't'SC!n'ers

zc

:~:-ce i.s ~s~q i~tere~!~J in t!:e n:s~cer ,i)rc!>leu :,ec;&~;se c! its

~]'Ch;)L.,~i:: ~ '-.,:-~:.&...-a i.:..:J oi c::.ti. on::. I!l rev!c.ld.l'~ ~bli~tio.~ .:bd.::;ne~ or S:v1
can~;tic::, t!:tere ::_s r~~ ~en ~ ai..'\;;1.'!1 ~Q1"\!~C.: to "!l:t~ sci.~eer::''. Cn t!lc

VI. i'ne L::

ot;~~r ~~:l:i, s\"6~.' 1 ns;1~~e111 societies in t!;e_l:nite.! st~tes

h:Ln been i:avost.!vl

1q ~~~~e:-.s c.::so:..:.e ~~ ti!~S!t .ta~~c~ie:r \::uch :m.'\"C b~~~ 1!1=~~t:~1. in l:-:t~~,Lrtc7; t.:
"l~:- 3...;.=:~:" cr -re be!'ort tha ',i'Ubli: ~uve bcl!-"1. Php;>.s~.l :us b~~ cr J~\:.:)~"'\-1
lo;r..:..lt,l. : _::,~:e:...;rc. t!-.e zo:ielt.t:~J in sa 1e. c~..::J_, ;!.l'~ ! i i:..n,:eJ ;/J,;,.... :~ a::zl::oiJ~.n.

source. The .--!r t'oree re~:.:es th..a.t. i1 &"!".Jll.:

Jc jUI~'J' bj" 'Ll!e
scare t:ocld :.e ~ :se~io:.:s lbbility in tht evant o! air 4t.ta<:ks
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el.a.bo::u\e -u;o~ the ~' u;lannUODJt I woWA like ~O"'l

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obJects (or 1mJ 1a) u4 mention pasu1'bla plum:>:en, 1ddch NT t:eca"CDt

eame~n..s

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!a poss1'ble that thq n4g't:. 2;l)aa:' OTer 21nozt e.,:t

tha v.s 1t

~~pa_ob~O

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ca ns~cli :rou:ps b

~eleau& d:d.l:r ty the ves\b~ :ren!eas

2:!gh"'-.-l&.!!3C!1ecl ~zllOGDS

a brl$}:1t li~ to :tzcllitat.~ t:eel~n& ~aq

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a.1rc:z!t. One, piloted 'b7 Cept.

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vila. l"c::I-o:rt th3.t the object w noa::enc!aus' en4. h!e

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~ell t~h b1DCc-alaft be c0\114.

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thz.t tb ~ti~ t:U~t h3Te baen ot IJO!!le othSl" mob~ o~n.

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d."V"e. e.:t:oe:el7 'b:r!U1zt n!lectS.o:m of :ror/Upt. -kJ.

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a1reft.ft 4es1p ~neers vet btc the c~ to wi~:ess

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th~

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1n~areartS~~::

t' a1.:c:'Pn. v1th

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lf t~q hcl :col tr.~:=. what

t~ objeeta va:xe. im4 W't'ce thq c::ardd =~ o'b"'e
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. tha a1lvel" v!r.c:s

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t'ba ~. t'he71r.nll4 ha?a re;ortecl the zrec1 fnaelaae

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:n,- :!~ t%'311 ana. th~ llo..tla ll:l7e !~'Call obJect edtti:tg tbe-t

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are the

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nl~ csn~1o~-

:e...,a &::m illc:rh:a.t1ons

S~":'51~171

!n clw:!s. ~ere nra a ~~~'be!' cf rel'O:'t:ll of ~U:.i:r!cal. o~jeet .tth ~~~

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.1et strem:s '=vel1ng at ll!&h voloe!tiGs.

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cirt~

ot air ot

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cU:r!e!'e.:.~ ~e:..;::-=.~eoes "'";\ de:::.ti1t1es e:i;~ P.nd

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_..

()

. v

..
''

f4

czoun4

~~31" :alht1~

in

~1NJ4

the p!lo~ of au

1
.
.

~tb

h1a AI

1nter=~to~

:drczatt

&l!l.r ~ockel1

a s~eepl.J' elo,~

a _lltblipll, 1"olln4 b!a~el~ em

ou11

&1ovr:war4a coune at lov altitude. rua occ:ur1e' tbrae t1::ea 1n!1nt1n&

that tl:s

~~et
.

vaa on the

~l'orm4
.

u4 t]..:1t tho course

'beh distol'tec1. lt

S)\~uld

the l"a4~ beam ~a

'be notea

..

maar

obnr. to ~ .. =ate17 c!ate~!:1 the val.141tr of -ntpe m b!s cee;a 1a

.
- . . . .

Clrr..4 e!:o~a !:Av. ~!'03~~ the &ecu:.-4('7 o~ a n-az:lber of s!gllt!n&"S

..

..
.
Je.piDJ.;; Cc:udd!~:;l cl~ 12:.-! ~"1
.Rp_p!.r~t mot!O!S to

a1ze4 bo~.
.

or a

'brl~t.~ J:>!::a~

s'h!z=.:

~=::.-wSh

--

include .a. .'tl!de Ynrl.etJ- 0:

ocjoct .. Othe:- Ve-~i!.c!unole"

Jdo!llt&lpl'statto:Ds
wblch ue bow:i
.
.

. .
. : .

..

..

a clou! hole at t1ces dos1 a_pl)Bl\r a a '.

.
to ~ve ===\:\~oa. !or :r~r';s of siht1~a

~;:..,!:1:~

fha zsooi '

- -

8:!:te.i'U1l !: r.&~ltr'a
at!ll. e:!st !ll 4!.Ktu:tb1r& nuabe;rtl~ !2ts eb.U!~ 0~ A

tbat mnr CDmtallel both intemsl All.4 .

tJ.s.

Con~..!. ~t :.;e:-1~, T~atr.D,

..

... ...

#
\

'

Jte3:!co. Bere ts hie cct"-0.1 r~ol"t J

2 tO~ p.:a. lnst Stmdq, I Cb2en-Cil: a a1lveq, eldn1J:8,

-?-

'

.:.~ tJ.~cut

. .

. .. -~------

s,_. - - - -

-..

...

- ~-

. ........ ____ .. - .. . ----- ... .

- -.

. .. ..

. . .. . . ..,. - - . *

- - - - - - - - - - - - -

. f"'\

. '

1 .

""""

object-~ "nn~

r.,a. f'et~

Ceo c"Ga. vas ;iDout. to zmi to the ba=e

IQ' e~:11 'tthee

obJsc~ 11a:1

I DOt!ceA that the

I:"BD.t

= . ..

Y\dtu_.,., .l'!t'DGU"feJ'Sn~ a~ a
.. .

balo"V tb!llevel at

height. !i.'h'a ~to De tlmt the

..

C.s:e "!.lke ooject. ~:a c=:al~b:! s:::Dllor thn:a a '9"111tu.-e. I>-.2--!JJg tha
.

~t::'se ~ ~vo

=-an
.

!:

.. .

'

app~n&

nt t!=es

. .. . .

.
. . .. . ..

~c,z-

to 'be stat1oJmZ7

.. . .

-.

.
.
I sae.1 A. totDl af .thres at
. these ol>Jec:t.c. all toiD&

a~=: 41ract1= l:r-t

..

. ~sa seocl en:loaa4 !.: a fi~f;z 12:s of s'-lka fiber 1!:4. !~

..

. .

..

...

..

not 'bee: for the to:!-""i~ b!:ris &""~d. r11' c:t!rioa1t7. l VO*.sl.~ '1lll1oubted17 .

~Ta :-e:;:one! tl:a\ l

..

-.

see=i t~nerel ~ 4!sea1. l

""'=
..

a::t

.
tmclcs!~ t:t:.e :n.~~ di::: which I ~t-cre0....1n r:r;, front ~11
.

..

- .

l::lotr..:,~ c!s1nte~et.a.~!=: 1:. tbt of s:.er..:rcb1~2 on clo-cds vl:lch ht.&

..

..

'

..

. . . .,

.....

. -. .... .

"~i:;a~ in f~:=sticn 11ere p!i:l:c!

..

..

. . ..

w tha :=du ~:cope. 5-:l!QT \lorer

-a-

'I!;P

...

--------------

-------------------

..

. ..

.. .

. ...

' ----

\._}

..

----------

- ~

..

. '

-~

:re!l~rti~ ata.t1a b~a

tbat the

ae.~t r.:u\.1t

tu.~

vaa

em tn tbe

i.

o'bjae~~ \lr-u _Ca:a7+,.1= .~ar.e f"~Jtt

nt JOO ~eat nltit=e.

..

..

. . .

..,.. - ..... ... . .

.. : .

' . ....
. \.. a .. . ,.a

4 C2 ~ "
.,.,.,..n,.._,.
- -*!~
.,.ft
D""'""'_.. _.,.,_
...,_..
~

~~.!

..~

..
.
.
...... .. ....

.
C""-1 ..+.... .....

II

--

.
...
.
.
.... . . ..,...

""' , ;

;~....

!~

-;;.... .,.._,

..

... .

... - ...

. .

. .. .' ,

. . . f t -

-".

. . .......
' ..

..
..
.. ... ..
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
....
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"'.

.
..
.. ..
.
. .

. ..,
......
-~

...

~--.s

--------

.. .

'

'

, . - . - -

,.

..

~t1el":l

ue aav Gc1eDtU"1c

..

!.

.0

-:

- --------------

- ..

"h!ch U'fa as

~et

beaD 11ttla

01:'

~ha3s

oo~

&1'9u

:pl:ano:uem.

r:q c::c:o=t. ~or

v~ch

~1=3 o~

olect:ro:dc a.beJ::at!o11s aa \leU D~ fo~ tJ..1:t-3 ~~see.

:l:hq liatei

tm-e ~te.~l'!

etoo~arl.c~.

1on1:at1cm. ,.4 e:t=--ter-enr:l3l 'llh&n=ca

ft~ 6~!:Ste4

nl.co

tl:JA~ lJ:"O&!"=t:t

of Jr.lel.ur ~isslcrJ:L
. Meb' have aoma et":f'eC~
.

'

..

..

. ..

pbe!tC!2~ ex!.:a~
. . .

rus

..

b'!:1t tbe enct eec1-:a.dca

raf... ~~!Q::l cr:

re:fleeti~:s..

!s berm of c'lO'tt.!!.s o!' !cs

eifst. at altitu:!a to

so.t~

c!,:a~3l~

vh!eh

..

teet. Sttt;Ues 0~ the !d!lds

cb.ecl-:'!l p=-crpa:ties o'! e!r &t ve1'7 ldgh :.ltitudss have

o~ x-eeen~~

.co=e~~

\o'ith tha

n.n~1a'bil1t~

~ta

o-r ln1Cb

lmllocms

al~!tue

--lao ..

: !he He~!:.! cs.t~!7 wna 1on1s~at14?L !"ha Irea'rlo1da (or :t:") lt;l:'eo of'

...

toni::.tio::.

. -

t~

l~e~

111

=?

. .

above 1t, ond ~be1r relatto:1 to Z'Bdio t~'"l.Sais:a1cm

;
. . . .
. .. ... .

.. .

- .. ..

-lo-

...

at. b1Bh

.
.'

the l*G"G1c;d

A!!d.

Bb~

'Mt~le

J'

- -

. -- .. -- ..

----------

were ~bo~t ten 7eara "CC to be fa1r}T veU =4aratooc1. V1tb1:a. tba J&al

'
I

Il

"

z
larr haa b~ cb~ei..

7ear, how~We~. ths bole concep\ of tho

l\

I
I

>i'ble 1o t~ 1-t as 'faz aa 1.000 lliles ua!n.r certa'D 1D treqa.a::.a1

I.

tI

I
t

1
t

''

'

on th' earth i:a col:.U*'... .,~l;

:rej"J.Tm&~ed

b7 thunderctor D l1gl-a1r.g are

'
..J
~

ii

st.

I:! .. ~,. !1ra. C:O:'O:S

~Bebllrie

e.
...
a Aa::ora JoreaU.s .....,.
.

cat:alo~

"iC

'

wrtot~ c!

.to=

~ ~:blzo

eDct

:~atu.-e 1e \ln'know:s.

il:l.,

~. JO:OTfP-lmt o~

vorl1ce!

.. .

41

1-zl

..

elec~:-os~~t!c pot~UaJ.

'

.. .. ". ... . ... ......

.. .. . .

and

:::..v be e:tteated 'b7 the earth's

... .. ...

. .,_ 11

~et!o

:.

:fielcl

-.

.J

-.

- -------

-.

.:

.....
;. . J

....

..

f%'0:1 OU~8:' llp:IC8

1& n.n3 ~1U)US'Us!S of til:laJI :r'8Atl~ tbau t~ ~1a~1ala

e::ter~e4

1'l:!s list coulcl 'ba

.

t~

ot
..

r"'-:.a: am\

.
at le~h. &utn.ce to eq. om- b:n:c:e

co.et~ll '~ f~...crz

..

'

..

of all of. tba above i:a. h=aae. .

..

'

0~- ~

..

..

oec~~~---s cr~~ot

be

is

I'

, ...

el2ct~et1c o~

be

of cc <::~

altho~

..

..

- . ...

. -..

a:

. .
... .. .. . . .. . .... .
'\.

-. '

"

e -
"

\.-

- '
ill

.,.._

- . . - .

"-' l '
I

..:

... .-...

'

Y.::.e=.:ctt::ll a:~ a.o~ara:t~ e.f'i"eetoc1 b1' ahock vav&s ol' electrcOD!:!2et1c

np;o.re2tl:' co'rlug ra.p1cll7 !n 1hs

~bte'!!ea

electl'ostatia !n charaete.

=., ~~h to the ~1)o'tbe~a tbPt. =v of the 1mtY.LPl=-..tx*t

slghti~-. o~ Di\) 1 ~

~~c

.
~~~.!c~.a

. - . .='

...

.. .

..

l'~ort

of o: .:tio

o~o~t1oD

~--

.....

..
... . . .
.. .

..

.. .. .

of "nU"'toa 1:1nd.SJ of 1nat:r-wctD !n

---------....------..

.. - .

'

..

Eere ve zcm ct\1\ of

...

..

. -.

..

'

.............

. -.

. . ...

.. .. ..

.....

.,

.......
...... ...
~

.. .... . .. -. ..........,:. ...-..

..

. .. "-'" ..

..

...

..

- . -

...

-..

..

.'

..
..

-....

.. .:- .. ..__._,

.
.

.. '

..

--~----'
I

I
I

I
I

..

'

. .

~ -

'

.......

----------------------

''

nmro

S!'JCE:LS

D-Jri.ng ~ past veel:s ~

m.th

the phcnaoenal increase in the JUrtber ~

or n:r.tnc

Saucer
reports there has been a tremendous sti.."'!'.1lz.ticm of.both
.

p~l.ic

and official interest in the subject. Requests !at in!ar:&ati.o:l .

ha.ve poured in oD the JJ.r

Force,
incluc!ina an ot!ici.al.
.
.

~1'1'

tna the

'rnlite House. Finall71 en J'l,jl;y 29 1 General.

'

S~ord

held a press coni"ere:tce

i.:1 TJMch he stated., t:lz.t anal.~"sis sho~.-ed "!10 ~a.t~ern o ~~ renot~

.
.
.
..
. .
. .
...
..

consistent td.th 2z::1 ~en~e to. the tlhited States;a that. recent '\'1~

..

si~f:!n~

-were

due to te!:tperatu:e inversions,"

po~sib]J

o~'len

to ior:i:ed

clo:.i.cis 1 ice for.:;a.ti.o!!S 1 etc.; that instruoentatio!l Yc'Jld be emphasized

hence!orth in the .Air Force

stu~.

He e"''phaticnll:r staucl t.'la.t the

.
.
un~::plai.."led sic;hti..,i;s could not have rbsulted i'ror.1 arv e~erbents

or .

tests co:=.cted b:T

t.~e

United States

..

J..t t.,i s poi:!.t, CSI

or tr-.J!

~~.

!~lt ~1at

it T.Ould 'be t! :zely to cake an evaluation

Force st-.lq, its

. ncthodoloa and covcr:!,e 1 tho relAtion ot

its

co:lel~ldoru:

to ir&d.ou:; t.'lco!lcs nhich have been propotmded, and to

trJ to rcilc!1 ~o::te concl'.l:ion ns to tl1c intclli~Clcc

i:tz>licntions or the

9
1tJ

~-..---------~--

..

-- - -- .. --

-~-------

problm- U

'V

In vi~ o! the ltiC. interest tiitbin "tbe Aueoenc7~ tbis

co:ild. report on the tmrVq. It

micl"in:: has been arranged so tllat

~tt be nentiolU!d that outside kncnrledie of Agenq

interest in !lying

St-...cer.s curies the risk of mald.rlc tbe probl.c even =re serious ill tb~

yblic :dnd thm i.t EJ.reactr is~ nbich w and .Af.r Farce agrea .rmst be

II

..

&VOided.

-.

In order to Sl%1'1'13" 'both breadth and c!epth to the

su:v~ lie

have

..

Soviet Fess -::-ere

SC.i":'".:\eq.

ile int!!rdeued a rcprese!ltati.ve o! Air

Field.
i!L
.

2. ~;:ua;b

me

at-.l:V~ cd !!..oo:a, cy n

discussion td.th the

. officers conductfp. the

took tM proble:
to a selected troa;t at ot~r
om
.
.

co!!S'".!l ?"!ts., .,,_

__4l

. ..

le~der!l
.

ill their scient! tJ c .fl.el ds.

- .

Z:"'':l 6!ll t!tis.,

\':'e

have CO::le up ldth ra.cts., theories., ex..olznati.ona

and so::e

conclusio~,

..

l1hl.ch n 'dll cover in a brief

~.aq

or nyinc

S.'\ac~r~ l:dsto:-J1

a_..,

~"l:Ll.yn~ of tho /.!IC ':;or'~., :l.'ld a disct1ssion

ot t!:c

&

----------------------------o
0

.. .

c.:~lained :si~tin;s and o! po~dblc theories regardill: the une.~l=r1 ned

'

tre :.:&keno reco:ccndatians

of action. ~e =~d a:sk that que:stior.s be

held ti 11 the end.

~.Saucer .fUrore 1n this countr.r started in June 1947 when r~eih

!r~d,

a repu.ta:bl.e business !:ian

fi11ni his a;m plane reported_mne

~':"::

in i"al!J&ticm

~a.st

!rount Rainier at an estiMAted

~.eed o! 1.000

..

'Miles ~1" ~- . tis nz.s ~ckly follonctui earl3' .TuJ.:r 1947 by reports

1l

disc~

:trac a c!octar in PJ=en1:::1 Arizona, fbe pilot

'

'

co-pilot

;md

or

a United

1'

Cill, i.'fo..nia.

Tbe publie

so::e-:obat precond1.tioned bj the earl 1er

'

S":':'eC.~h

o:r

reports

.,:tr!e~ti!ied

rockets and the press had a field day.

'
r'

I'
t

th:ee .fm-t..'le!" incic!e:1ts web received ldde publi.eit,y l:light be mentioned

;
I

'

I'

.&$

'

tht!7 did :ro.c!l ::lot ollly to mnntain interest bttt al.so to supply bases

'

'

or s~ o! t~~ :::-e f'mtastic theories. !n Jan112:7 1948, an 1nterce,pt.io:

'

I'

..

..

,.

'"113.$

z.~tc,ud at Oocbcm :ricld rent-J.cey and the pil.o"

~t-"n ~tcll

cr~:;::~ E.!ld

.
,

i'i'.U

kill.zd. In October 1948., . a l{atlonal. G-.1ard f'ichtc:r pilot

. -.

nt Fo::-~o~ l!o::-t.'t D~:ota -

Lt. C-or.:w1 -

co:tin& in a.rtcr duk s,ottcd

:l

..

. ..

---------------------------

----------------~--------~-~------------~---

0. .

~ light below hi o

also acen fro: the 1.el.d ~ and .Cor LwmtT

mnutes p;1t on a Clot-fi6ht \61th it~ fi.n:'J17., b~int outdi.stmced &t

17~000 feet.

1he third incident. occuiTed in .l;lrl.ll949 at t'lbitc Smds

ro=l:e~.

Tnree s-.1ch si;htin&s were m&de at ~.aite Sands 'td.tMn

aotLth

&

l!eazc.tdle in 1948., .l1r Force 1nit1.ated Project S~cer to at:ctr tbe _

...

l9h9

rale~ed

sections

c~

.
...
~

1 ts secret report to the Fes.s.

ca:lcl:tsicm

.Y!"'-t s s~tis!'ic~ .o.i.!:b

o! the public but not ccrtdn senr.tLonal. c.r.tters

..

..

...

..

.. . . . .- . . . "".

ear~,. in
.

. .

..

~rld-~c!c re?O::"tir~ s:rstc-l~

l9Sl, reopened its stl!d;r~ instituted

.
:
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
...
... .. .. . . . .
...
"
.
.. .-. ... .. . ..
and a1.ertcd its bases to intercept the

~-

...

..

. .. .. .

'

__________ ____________________

'

.
..
7

..

... -

...

_..;,.

~den tlfied

n~t

object:. Planes bad orders

to

~oot

mat.

l!on', let.' a 'e:mine for a =:lent

..

.
allw tilese pe~ c:l.=d:J to

co~d

have aean. Grouped broarDy as Ti.nal1 radar., end

"V'1sua:L .lind

first,

major usual
cla:sea

J..![C baa tr.o

~e:i.cal.

ar elliptl.cal

.. .

i
I

are va..-:tanta in t.iis

,&:o-:..~ 1 S'.!ch ~

~e

tr!c~a..-s.. ~c!.!.s 1

tol?edos.,

~ese zr~ a11 ~~li~t re7-U"trn~.

even .

l:latt:-ess-sha~es.

iI

.feet 'd.c!e..

& r~ICOO

%X)St estlna.ted z.t 100 .toot Cicetc- m!

'
j

gr'O"J.:;?S &.'"ld i.'"t

:f'o:sa'tio:s of

nu:Jbcrs.

'

.. .

Vax'J'in'

.,...,.,. _

%.

,......,..~

............_...... ...,

_.....
... _.. v P ~
~

u, to l.C~o:x> ::sn c~

.~

I
J

..

.Zl&l.'"l~U.Y~rln;

~m=tio:1al.

as '\o'"it.'l a

.
...

t
I

...

-..,....

a!rc::-a!tl a.nd

... .

..

r.as re~ortcd in scr.:ur.'f.1at

less than
.

..

.,

:st~!"'zs:l?u:;;~

4..,_. ..._ . . ~,. .

l!our in tho ":t'lite Sa.-td:: incidel!t.. 'Violent

::r-r

........ --- -

~-- -

10";.

.. .

Accelcrati.ons

.. .;-:... ...

~<i-

l'lAVC

. , .'

'

,;

--

'

-.

'

-'

..
~

---

'

...

-- - ---------------------------------

.,
.,

...

''

C'a:TlOUe

or the :1a::t:n.a dnc1

i.nste-:e o1' coa,].ete traed n:; in eel out

. .

..

~.

. . .. .

the scope.

tLoms t.."'.:-ee

cr

'

. .

case1 pa.s:ed throuah tl:::: center

and .~

~cc:tric

re;?o!ts.

First., a 'Visual

sie;~ti.ns

frO!il a plane over Sand;r Eoak coincidmt

T.it:l c: !)lip

:~ean

Second, a

en a g:-o.!:ld radar at ?ort

recent F2: East rc_:lort !rc:o

'

:bn::JCUth~

lIG Jersf!T.

2::1 Pi rcxa!t carrier opera:tsng

Here shi,?s

;r~dcr

reported a high

..

turn =-~! bo:-tJy

.

. . . ..

- .

and in
.. -

t~~

P:I

fr.~~af'ter
s.,lit 1n t~~-o, di$&ppearlne;
..

..

. : .,,,

sc~~es.

.....

l:Oth VisaaJ.l3

..

'

-.........

.. - .

..

- '

..

.:

been !\ill,y L"laly:cc!.

~10

F-So4 1 s ,.,i t.'l

~:t:Jcr~

CJllS wrc vectored in on

I-

--'------=--..,...--------..

. ~~-=-------

- -- - -- ------- ~--:""-------------------------

t .

.0

..

Both pUots sichted

..

a.'\

object and cnc lqcked ~n fdth

A!

Reachi n: hi-t aaxlttUO all~le .aJ.titude.. he trl:ered his

. .

c;aera and t.~e negative ahcr.:s an object.

. e..m:'%1c.nt.
-

hi!;

Since 1947 ~ there have been al:lout l,Soo o!Eicial re,arts

or sishtin;s

plus .: enomo-ds volme o! letters, p!J.cu:ae calls and press ~ports. During

orthe J.Soo.,

t..,-4 s Ju"J.:j 2l.one1 o!'!idal re;orts totalled 2$0.

carrl.es

20$ U U."le:tplained md o those received .since the first of tMs year~

'

or
_
,_

.:
=J!Oe=

... *'"---$-
c~ ~

.."~ ~

A=

Cl' ~ - --

.1-C

r..a..r --;;
..

Wow to shirt a:.-:c.; !:-~

tor a mo:r.;:ztant and into

J::ir Force

the public

do~z.c ... ., t!le"e are ou: =~j or t.ieories in o.pla."lation or the Flying Saucer~

JV...r~t,; that .it is a.

u.s.

Secret n2pon cleycl.o~ct. 1bi.s h;!$ been

denied. o!'ficizll7 at the hit;hest level or coveu:o~t and to ma'ce doubly

c~t::ln ~.e ~.2e::"i.ed !J:-. 2-:i man, Chairm2:1 o:r t."m Research and Develo,;mcnt

C:l

' he, too, dcnic: it. Ho;~ev--er., in the .

a TO? Sc::-~t basis,

...

-.

..

. ~cht o! t.~e i.:r-~c.~~z:t District early super securit7., .b

.t2CtOrsr:d~t

, ,.. .,..,..,. ~ .....

.... ....... - ...-~ca~ -4~

.J.C::l

.a.
..~;:-:d

to COnll..."'U the ae
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~., thc

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-"t
o.~..~.....

.
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actio::' o! "l!lertin; i l l .Air Force co~"la.,ds to in~rcept, and second the
1
-

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.- - . .

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the second tl1aor,r is tba. t those are a "-\Wdm c!c\"elo~t. Tnoudl

~that the Russians have done "Wr.t on elli!lt5.e.U. md

delta nn.g
.

-4f .

.... ....

have absolutely :co intelligence o! such a teclmaloP.c:al.

principles, n

advance as 1r0uld be indicated here in e1tber desi:n or energy scr.u-ce

Furt::.er, there see..'ilS to be no logical re2son !or the aecarl:tT

ri.sk 'dtl.ch

..

.
i!!volvcd .and t:-..e:e has been no indicaticm or a reconnai.s:.:=mce

v; tll~ b~

pattem.

Eo~yer,

0? tbtt- Vorld Uar J;I

~~

b=, 0:1:1 e!"!crt

a tota1q

..

it s!loo.:J.d be
J:CntLoned. tbat tbere

..

us'!-:2~

...

preset !lare:s

and tho

2-e~-l+-f""b

!liP1~

US Fess re?o:-ts to chac:!:

trad:-s

m sbre: c! ence:tce to

!rol~port

this theory at present. !here han

bee1

J",.:)

a.s-=:-::...o:'!c:al. obsern.tion: in

.
.~ indica~=

.. .
or t."lc o:!:iittinc
..

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it
.

ni.~t

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c:on!i~tion-

no sl1;btest

. - .. . . - . .

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tm'iCh to ul~ ;rob2li~ be ncce~at'S' - and
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note~ that
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be

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(of t..~ ":icl.!e. S.,_~ds !"C?Orl) J a :r.nbcr Of CC!ncraJ. !1Jls bollloon pCO]lC

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and

:wv others

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are rcpor'"..ed to be conv.i.nc:ed oE tld.a theo17

..

the. si&;htincs., gi.vcn adec;uate data., cmt be explained on the buis ei.t.'lel-.

of:

l!idntel"Fetati=
o!
.
. kno:n objects., or. or as ,-et little unc!er.stoocl

So tmc:b tor :the histor,r ot the problc.'

tith

analysis

CD.

ths

At: Force

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!DllG c~ao itrralW8 t!= at1>t1:~ nu:!. ptot.o!JOOl-e:rblnD (Iv~aclon:. '!'r fil-:)
t= b:-1}:1t li(.~ta J:!)ri=; ~sa tloo~ at.-y
2 .l~ J.~~ 1D ~ :rcr.:o. 'tio:l. c~~-ce 1o A C~ief .i!:.:)to\.;s:c>~r'a J.~te, U::Tl,. With 17 ~ p~"l~to
e;r:a-:b.'!e e:clerit=e&
lcc:rll. ti.'2 wa JllO; v:atl:cr c;t:d1t1c::s b:i.f).t,

or

.. '\t.lilc b:avel.i=o

ne

eler;~, :o clm:ds.

.,cUliJlS c.!;Jout

e.~~ared to be
~ c. Qs~cr]J dtrectic= e.c:zc~:s 'tl:e ak)1. licr~~ ,.~ dr1v1nS lll.e:zg tl;e
%"':A '-~'"'= t"e slt"l:t 1 ns c:currc4.. Ee eto:"~cl tba mer e::t! ~!lotos,.1pi':ed
thQ e: ~:t \."1th hia J:e:-=Cl':"\1 c-...:ra. ~Ci\."'!.X'd t::.e eml o! t~eo sil::ticg, c:::1e
cbje:t. a~~t.CQ 1'.c:c t-"o re51. ai:4 zeven~ed cCJ\lrse ~crou "tbs IJ!f::/

E~~:

J.'r!.C ~tosx= -~!c xc.c::r.lit.r:Jr:i e.x'Z'nati~ o:- tbo file reaW.td

~ toll::Y.!-~

CbJc:u

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c:.-=ln::Ji:rs:

c...

J.'::rt'!~ :,a-:;=~ C~Ctt. ~'& e_~~~':ecl_, bec:.1SO ~~7 3!='

Vi!oible c:zly u z=::.,, s~'t.S ~ ~i;!lt. ~~ c~ 'te ~....!!ce-:1_,. hovt"-~~ t" ...7 ~~ e! t."'..er n~ap!:e-""i.Cil. iD .cb:':)e I!~ si::Uor

e'\"-,

retl~ct~c:e cr els~ '\?..r.!.J:17 sel::-l1';=1n~a.

C~J~::s "-~ic!l t'olJ-.z st'"':.1l:a: c~es .c:~~ ciml.u' br1~!:.t::eG
f.ll:Ot'-"lj.t1ces
-:::~t~ "tt: c:Y.~ed 1:)' the!r t."'king G5m!lrr ~[:.ht-

to b:-ie;t :a:et.al 1:1

v::::

a C:)C!"::UnPlt1C!: or mo'lt::t:=lt to --~ er...e:r.t

e:n- 0 t:~eu obje:-:.:. ~01 ~!".,. to t:o:)Te 1J::.- ~o::,s;~~=a lt:!~'rl ere
p~..sh'7 3-d:t.,.:oct--al 1!1 U1e.-:4t'2""'tt.

4.

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~.

~e s~n~, o1::,~t:.:.t

.t....,., ...~i'~ u.:::~...::

. 37l

~-sed

e::r.:"5e .:...:.:"n~
:-on:;\.~ a ne:rl:l 2:-o.t-u12>1:

:='i'<:'!;;;;:"o]J 't:!li!'O~ iA 'trir.:tr.--n . . It

, .......~ ~~ ~~t~ ~ ..!!.."-.le lMH":;r.:litT o: ~t1o:1 a~ e~ a.~,J~r
Y~::::!tJ o!' r.~.. J.~ 2.1~/s::c. (~13 1ro: C""~u"'-:?lr!l-: to t.:J12

,.1!ieh

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57

tr~ ~~

j'Z"r-;;o:;

7~ =-~b. G 1CM'l ~!:...'""dsJ

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:'"'.., !s eu::r.'"t'ly \.~~er ua"'!;!nat1CD 'tty ~ U. s. li!-'11 Fhot:J I:t~.r

pret.e:t1~ L":.'-orato:'J"1 /.:w:oat~. '. Enti=te<l c~t1~ dAte: l5 Jf!:lu?rJ

' 1953 .

,
.

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~~a D1!lt1..'1S ~!.1.1:r~ the ni~t o~ lC-ll ~~l:::- ~;:! !x= 23-':lJ ~
o:.;oo locnJ t~-:~, lJY ol,~:::""Je:::s ct t~-+! 1t"t:t!'tl:Or etnti%1' Cl; t,.4::1:! 4\ir F:x-eo
Ec:c:=. ~e d~-::-1.,-ticc
t!:.la l1e~t ~ circu.lcr ore!":a o'hJl!tot vj,t!l
'ten= e;n:eB 11:hts n-:~~:-. 'X'.1e,~Qlit: :s~ic~
cl~=-~~ 0-"'1 n:1J:U~
r-.. e 'o'bt;t"n:d. '\;eat.l-:.r :.:o.o; clc~.
.
.

or

o:

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A eo::;r:.-..rlacm O! o"..-:~J:'Y(!! e.:t.~tr..a e..~ el~"et!c-1! ct ~a Jil.'!}P."':'"'}1 o:,j ~et vi t...~ t.h~ eclcu, n.!:! 1=0~ 1t!on
;r:!"= r:.tirr: :='t.!.tn o! tllo
..-~,u~r

pl::.-tt

lceae l.itt.lo

Jl.1J!tc...

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c..u

dcr~t -t'"'-~t. :t;h.c c~~ed o~ja= ~on:

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l'~'rle! ~! ~ti:;s ~ CL St~"!~

cct-Ja''l. . . .

Cb. e:~ in

n.c:-!~

.
ccc:t:!red ct

:. .

'n:" .. c!~!:.~i:t ~~ :-e~orl~ 'toy ~ l!~ teout.-:;tcr t~ .luM!

2l5:l 1:-z:l t-t- c:a l~ .At~o:,Dt u;2 Jl~"'r \ie!:t ?:ll~ n:.-'1--"""~ !i'l~.:!d:l. h:~1::6 to tt'c n~-i'...y t1~~, "t!:.e r;tn.,.;:: 1ms t:-11.-in~ ~ d~:ertc;t.r:l~~ 1n .
1"~ e-:::"1 't"O:t~r Vit.!l 1"~-~ Iey Seo~ts. ti1~t!:-.e a. ~~-~..:: ll~t1 c~:-c~
.st.::;i~ t.~: C"'':" l!!l~t!" ~ t~e 't:::;s to ._-.:.it, r .."d ez:tc~ t~n v, ,..::t-:.o

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b---'S.,Y i':'!~t -~, : ~ ~::.tly l:'.~;~d c;;1 tJ:o ~Ol'C:~' or, .!JJ.s :Jtcr.r ._-:.a ~.e.t
b l- i t:~!!l e. l.C~ Ci::".!.'!.:.r cb~~.:~ ec-.:t e!~t feet CO:,~:" hi:; haC'!\ lt111cb
b-=--=. ~it~e-l c ..ri..-: :,, '--!lie~ t!.escw:~e-1 0."1 hl:\. t:c ~U.tcd 'Co:..~ he ted
t~"'!.:: r "'!"''"";"'' r t.::ioo::! t~ &-~..&":'! e'i ''til r e~<:i ou~." ~~P- l.~:Oe \"Ulous
ct~&.:- ~'-rei~"':'!'"!~:. to t'i!e $t::7. I!1s c~p ~u b~t"!l:d. :::.ll!;!lt~ s.;.i :sc::_;~l.ca
o:- ces:s t.~""'"= 1'::= t'-"'! 10'7'~~'o.t.a "V1C~"1 ~ 0: 1:!"~ ..1C'..lt.~r;'" e..tt~~rod
ct.r .. -z.~ h a;;.:---..e--: .rr~ :tn"7~~s 7~ y\!1"dG 'CI'ii:J.Y

';!t'e 't:.:!~:-.:.e. c~ t":.~ :;~areet :S.ndic:ltcs ei-- \!.i:C~\!~) ~lZODll.

rc;:.:.:.:.-ti ..... j, c.:!:." .. , r~c~rl, re!iult~ 1n the bel.1c:r 't't:!t tl:o ra!'Q.'t
r."'Y l::-.": '!:1:"''"' a..n ela~=~te 1~. l!c:..~r, th.:J ~!:mll co:..Ht!Cil ~ ~e
c.=o :.._;.,e~ :1;;
u~:c:.."llle.ir~d. ~ !"n::t, to.z;:~ v.t.tb o~b:r
a!f;o:~ o! t..ti: c:::c, lc:c-.se rhl'l d~~err.cjnet.ic:a Ur. do-~"~; n~ this tin.e
S!~t-:::

c----=--ly

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.
.!

----. - . - - __.. -------------------------......---:--.

THE .IOHHS HDPICINS UNIVERSITY .

<

OPERATIONS RESEARCH OF'FICE

6410 CaNNEc:TIC'" AYDWI:

. "'ca..-
...c""a-uo

CMEV'f CHAaC. MAIIVLAND

'liE c

wn'MTMC

~::..-no~JtN1'

ar 'I'MC _..,.

D~4:aacr

12 Decu.J:Jer l9S2

0111...

. D:". E. F. Robcrtsori

Cosmos

Cl~b

2l2ll!&!.s!~c.~etts J.ve.~

\Tashi.n;'tc:1., D.

c.

U. 11.

.. .

Here is t.~at artiele jou mntioned ~em the ]Te~ Yorker, whic:h :I
tac:."'t! nost. inte~st!n:- a.u:l infomative-.. I tmve listed bel<T..r a f'ew
itel:"..s ~:hic.'l seeced to r.e to need !'urther discussion:

P~troJ. c~eras

..

'

Fred 1-TniJ:ple at Har:-;:...~ !1s h~d considerable experleP.ce in develop

ar.d using_ SJ!'.Cll,.. equato:-i&lly r.wunted ca..~ras. These are e.xPosed

for .sever&!!: hours through rcte.ting sector., and ;~o~1 a meteor tr:rl.1 u
a :seri!:s o.r dashes on. :1. backb!"ound o.r stars., thus providing the neteor's .
an,Gill.c- velocity. In .t:2!'~ cases tno such ca."lleras are use<\ separated by
severaL. :rdl.es., :so th;.t t~ s:p2.ce track or the .1:1etecr c:an be derived

.
reczll 1 ~eteo!"

As I
?C.t:cl C&.'!tezo:as have been used 1n the 'V'icinity'
or Eo:s"t::!. a."ld EO':.lt:,el':\ l:e:; :-Ie:d.co OrU7 jJl the photo~raphs are presen-ed~ c.~~ I l..."l S'J:e the~ b.a"\'1! been no unidentified objects or 2ZU"
typ~ to' d.1.te. ;. possible r-.c:iifi.c;zticn o! this techni~e uhicb "7culd
p:-orl~e :::re- cor.!;>lete c::ov~::-z;e i:i tc use the Greenstein-Hefl.yey rldeangle ci.'"'~rz.~ ~?:ieh photc;;r ~phs 1~.0 o! the sky at o~ce. Such a cmr.era
is in use at t.~e !ekes c:~erratory and is reJ.:orted most rccen~ in a
paper b-.r s:-~c...-ples.s E.."'!ci c-~~::-o:-cok in the ~:trop~a1eal Jonrncl., l.9SlThe r..ajo:- a.r~!cult;r o o:;:eration uould be changing th~ 1'jlm_, ~hich .
might be z:ade ~.-c.to;utic.
.

use of cc.~e:-u could be on selected gratmcl radar scopes.

fossi'b~ zo.!c a c2.~c:-~ :;hould be kept 111 stand-by st:1tus and tr.Lzgered
the o,;::erL.~~:- ~O:e:1 u..-.!ee.""lillied. objects are on the screen.
.
Ano~e:-

b.T

'nle isS".le or ll;;~t., hand-held cmeru tc aircraft pUots is another

..tair p~sl:.=-t"! it) n:>~ed in the t!e:o~ Yorker m-ticle. .
. . .
..,

.~

... . .

..

. '\

--

..

One: c! c-.lr t::c p:-ojcct:s is undcrtal:~ :mch a study., .a.nd h:ls collected n 1,-.r&e ~ount ot literature. '!he Dritish Ar.ey Cpcra~or.al Research Q:.~up ~s r~ade scYcr:ll stl:.dies ot :1ir raid rerortinc system:J n.s
'used in c:-:crci~c:;., uhich :;~10!7 t:1a clistcrtion ;.nd 1noizc 11 introduced in
an,y rcrortir.~ syste~. There
1~ n po:;sibility o! obtaintn~
co~p~:blo
.
.

..

--~-----------------------

'

-----.-----------------------------.0

...

.....

llr. !tcb::rt:cn

c!ata on tnJ.:se 21a.m:s to f'ire cep&Lrt::cnts 11..'1d nt.ps 11 in several. Ml.itaz.:

:itu.iltions (such ns rortb Urica in 19l.t2). I !t:.n been intriu""Ucd ~rith
t.he electronic :~n;tJ ogue or ;!. co:.mur-.icatien~ sjste;:~ .rith .reedb:!ck. 'l''ne
circ:1!J:1Stmces leadin~ to insta'bUitj" of ~uc!i a S"J~tea lllight be measured
. 1 a a~e theor.r c:n ce pcstulatcd; e.r.., it something andogous .to
~edznce ot the circuit detexoines ~tabilit,y.

xt is clear th;'t a oii:tple atatet".ent has net and vil1. not conrl.it.ee

the pt!'-,ic. A ps;ycholo:Ut lr'~Y have aeoe theoretical fr:unework in "rllch

past ":!laps" or this kind can be waJyzed and the results extended to
the present diff'icult7
.
..
. . ..

It see:u to me that th~ :~&jor difficulty as present is the hck c~

a well-de!'i.,ed attituee c:o~g respcn!:ible officials: . eit.'ter t11ere is or
t.bere is not convincing e-d.dence of rl;n:i.ficant ~heno:.rena. To resolvo
thi~ ~esti.OII. 1:t' 1!Jl1St b<! cecided in advance what level O! COMpletenes~
is neces~arJ in expl~h repo~s, . &nd ~hat indications of hostile intent
are neeeSS;!_"7 to m?ke re;:orte.d object:s or bopo.rtance. It m' ght help
to poi=t out t~e differ~::.=! 'batueen open-r...!ndedr.c.ss me! indecision, and to
w.;c;e:rt so:1e level ot cre.;,J i t:r balu..r Yhic.lt reports td.ll. not even be consieere:..

~ ..

J.:!en 'B. lIeinel ~;-~ is an as~ist:lnt pro!e:!~or ot astrophysics

&t t..'le !'e:-!o:es Ob~el~~tc:-;-, ttlo hzs cecn ccnccrned ~ri.th the pbotogr:lphy
o ~~=a cd -:::~o hils ce !i;ned cc.=;;'lex ~dde-a.~le ccceras for t.~ Air
Foree ,,-ee:- a s-:lbco:tt.rt.::t . rith Eoston Uni?Crsity, l!d:ht be help!'ul. 1n
t!iscn~s!.on cf' c.,_':leras :not~ a":=ove and of auroral Jlhenor.:ena. Ho~ver ~
the .;.i'!'" :o::-ce zut~orities here h~ve no record of hi!l cleara."'lCe. U
ycu ;:.re i::t.~::-estcd 1.~ h!:i, rre could ask bjJn bj telephone vhat his cloar~"'lCC
is and -:a"i t.~ ;.:hat or~" :ation.

Yours sincereq,

'

. .

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. DEC 10 125Z

J':&tcmt~-m.s

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itm:

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1. ~=a olJ.oilf.llb 1a a a-;.:-rr.v or t~c C\:::Ct e1tz:t.tl= 'Vi~ re~ct t.o t..'"".3 1r.vest1t;et!~~ ot 'l:n1~t1f1cd . t~illS o~Jects. P.e(::nt .
inci'"'A't)ta Sncl1d3:
, .
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. . . . . . ,.
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a. . l!c:vlca c: t"':? (10) r w1dcU!'.teoi n;,-~ obJeet::

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(-.-::ax.:-ln'~c4. c: tl:~ 'tc:;1s of =tt:.n!1 ~be:o=o::e!'le or ~ov.:l t:spe~ : "; .

0: urcr..!'~), ::.:: !:'c=:t"' -,, Ute~, en 2 JWJ- l3!72.
. ...-

'b. . Aver,- 'trl,1z.~t 1:::11de~t.1:1ed liGht. aver tl:o coaat.

cr ~a'!::e f:.:>r n~c::t r::c- .1::-..:--wos c:: t~e ::d~t or lO-U. 0~::~:

. ..
E.t s. ~c!pt c::..;.:te-! 'b ~e t".r~ :>:- t~re~ tr.oes ~~.!t 'V!:d.C:: c~ ..
l=e ,s;c.stc:.lnecl. by a-:-y l:::~r- d.n"!:e.

-:.
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va.!..icle cr

J:t:-~rc-.;s

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c-:.,..,:r si~t~SG o~ llt;ll~ or c'!:~ec~ 1.11ic!l

e!.the;- in cc~!pzc!-:i:::.o. o:- ~~~:-:-~ce d~ not rese:::cle ~

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:tc. nt! t'!:l.e..~:e of

tt;" U.C ~=ticn o: ft Ileeer"h:r~ O{LJ. l::ss 'been

'\o~rk""~ Vit..~ tT. !!. P. Rc.'tert:;Q~, t:c=~\Ut .. ~t (.tor.:r-r Dlrect-,r o! ~Dee.rcb,
t;S:;z) 1 ~c,~l e:ltet.l1:;~"iroa a p-.. el Gt ~ cc1cc.Uz:t.: az;d ~eers in tt.e
~1cl<.1~
utr....;-;:O.ysics., r.uelear e~rcy, electrc:s!c=, etc.,
rcvic:v t~:1a

21

to

o:

. &1~~c::l. "--.l~le~~c-..ea c:~ci=-er.-;.io:l r.AS b~a1 c.s::\lrc:~ by ~I/'!"if.S r!ld /J.'UC1

m1d u Visit lY A'rJi~r., 1":-. lt::tert!Ocn, e::a.\{;;;.D.:...~t ~~to J~C !u
pl.a.-me-l ro~ Fr!~. I~ is tc~ to or~ ... e tha 1=.-.::el e.=- t.-.'i=-:~':o:r
.
at.;."'\ls't-"'"1-:.l~;e scie:.ti!'ic reviev ot t715 s~~cct V!!t1n "t!::~
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lm -:O:W!Du1[ FOR RECORD .

SOBJS:T:

91!eeeaber 1952 ...

..

UnidentU'ied r~ Objects

...

1. .lt lClS h~.xrs toda:r I tuked brotelephone \lith

Ce.~'"n Fd\rud J. Ruppelt (Chief, Aerial Phenor:U!a& Bruch

.#..!"elysis Ditrisicm, ..1TIC). The purpose of' the c~ vas to

dete: 'ne 1r C~ptein Rupl)elt vonlcl be 1D Vashington durbg .the
ll~ feY days so that he- :ig~t neet Vi~ Dr.'Robstsotl. Also-,
if' there had been UJ.Y d~lelop:lentS in the I:tme.stone-Presque Isle

case

2. Captain Ruppelt stat~ that he had put in a request to

ca..ne to Vashtngton le.st veek 1?.1t th~t he had been 11I"llm".iD6 into
a sn!!.ga in getting a\ie..T ed he intir..ated. that his intentim to
speei!icall7 visit CIA l2Y uve been the ditficulty. By oblique
references it vas det~tnsitb.at Colonel Dena1d L. Bouer (Chie!~
.1n~!s Division}' vas bloe~dng hia trip. llote: If" this is
tn.eJ it is Cif.ficult t.o u:cdersta.nd since Colonel BoYer, in
diseus~ions vi.th Z. Te.~s and my:sel on 25 liovecller, indicate9c~;lete \."ill ingness ! r cooperation. Ruppelt state<i that he
vC'!:.l: t..7 e.g~in e,..-,d ho"F~ to be in \-1ashington next veek. I
gav~ :o ind.icat~on or t~e agree.io:tents reached on this subject in
the "i!C oeeting on 4 De:coer..
.

..

3. Rege.rc!ing the !,ii"estone-Presque Isle case, Captain

Ruppelt reported t!2at the obse.'""Vation. is sspected o~ being the

pl.a.net Sat1:.rn. A .sii!:~ing of Saturn \rith the sT'le theodolite

ldll be t:ade vith-4 !l the next feu days An ~IULtion of this
dnt!!t ':ith possible t:Oeod.ollte re~cling errors should in:Hca.te
vhet.":e: the sig~t1!li could ccnceivably ba.ve been o this planet
I !'i ... ~ it dii'!"icclt to believe that the noons or -Saturn coalll

be .se~ v.!.sibJ.,-.. .

..

C~pt.~:o Z!.".!~pelt. stated _that be had a paek.e.ge or

. ane.l~es l.!ld r~;:o=t~ vhic=h he desired t.o have O/SI study-

. -....--. ... . .
=-.,

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and
. .. . vas p1 r...'"'lir!g to hz-:-eaJ:r,. to Ya.shington.. I mentioned that.

srm~e:e rro~ 0/S! nir;ht bo lil!ll:in: a trip to ATIC vithin the

pe;.!. \:eek or so. P.up~elt stated that he vould be pleased to

..

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hear f'rol'!\ ::1e at any ti=e. His orfice telephone mll!lber 'is Daytan,
Cbio, Kemore 7111, E.-dension 65.365 and his homtt telephone number
is Walnut
711.3. .

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ltrieti!fl at Oll'E Board on Um~ifiecl ~Objects

SUBJ'Itt:

.
vas. give
.

1 . !he sub ect 'trrie~

'bf 1~. P. G. Stt~J
e.ss~ecl by J.~. F. c. Durant.,.} at 1000 hours, 2 J'a.J:lUU7. .A.
hi~:.... J of 0/SI
:t.~est ill e.n:1 acti<m on this subject vas
1"o!lc-.Jed b.r a =shcr.dq or the motio:l picture film ot sigb:ttnp ..
e.t. ~e....Qnton., lJteh., e-a Cre~t l'alls1 l!onta"'. Copies of the . .
Rep:..-t of the Scie:rt_. fie .!dvisO.!.J" Pand em trmdenW"ied ~
Obj~ts had prmcr~sl7 b!en ll:!.de available to the Bod. TbiA
brie.f'ix:g lo"M givms ttrb..c:~c-.:%14 prior to the- ONE reqwtecl :
briefiJ:16 b7 .AXIC seheeo...J.e! for 09001 30 J'amm'J!7
.
.
/

2. ONE
per.s0:21sl brle.ted. vere as foUcrwaa

..AdJUrz.l Ee..'""'1'!lle:d :Bid

Dr. Fdgzr EooverGen~ru X. ?.. Fu.ll

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Dr.

Ludo~en

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vas also presmt.

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', Dr. De l':.:-e st Ve.n Sl.7ek
D.r. R. :r. So:1t.e.g

; P. A. Bo!"el.

Ar.ibassacor :ielscD Johnsen.

}fr. \i51H~n E-~;r
Dr. !bb~t: S:-:"1-ttb

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and Electro:ll.c:a Dlyiclon, SI

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.A.ls1~t.3."\t Director, ScientU"lf: I:lt~ll~:1~..!

: Chief',

~-~~:OlU.!.rtU:I '1'0:

Cur~nt Stat~ o~ Udid~nt1t1ed

Flylag C:SCJe:ts

(UFOD) ProJect.

1. I:a. ac:c::rdmce with the verb31 ~quest o~. E~nt, Exec/st. .

on 3:l r~..-=:er, tbe tollo-.:1!:-g res~-:e of the c~::scstatL:.S o, \!n1d!lnt.1f1ed fly!~ objects ccti\~t1el has been pr~-e4.
: . . .. . .

Pa-3 D1V1sioa uosn: ns:s:oes1bil1ty tor tbe n;I proje:t o:1

unlde~tified flying obJec:s es ~ re3ult or JOur ~~o~d~ or
27 :~"lY 1953. Th-3 projeet l'!~s be~n co~l!led to z..a.1nt4intng &U3ren~s:r

2.

or tLa nct1v1tie5 of oth~r ntc~cies (notsbly tr~ USAF) in ~~

unide~ti~ied tlylns obje=ts busi~~ss nnd to ~intennnce ot tile&
.
.
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Der..:!.~~-::.t.

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~.,. Air Fore~ continuH to ::!!Ll.cltafu_. but. ."1:1tl;
..

a. Atr Force.
e._ppo..rllntly decr~:.:;ir..~ ~::;,s.is, its interest in lJFOB 1 G. The {'~:.ent.
inte:l~;;;t o! t:t: D!rector.:tt! o! lnt~llite~ce, Hq. 1]'.:)~ 1 is eo:\!"!.ned to
e. c:ur~ory C:Oz=li%~.m:e ot A-TIC's 11roJ~et (lue'bco:.t t:o. 10073). At ATIC

.t

St!!.t~
"

. the \:roJe~t is c:~-.orie~ bj" c:1e o!!'icer (C.pt. Ch!i..rlea A. Eo.rdln), o:1e
e.i~i"!. (A/lC 1~ G. Fl:tch), 1'-'1l :a. secr3tuey 09~r.ltins l'.s tr.e AerlDl.

P:-:~n?:..:. :-~ S~ction

I~ s~~ie
:offl~~!",

of th1G

Elo!Ctr~~ics Er~"\ch, T;:cb.~ic:;~ Anel ysi:l DiviGlC:\ ..

l!~te~ stat~ns u~ll S seve~ e~~~~
proJ~c~

cr the

the proj~~t r~co:'li!. ::t~;.e&.r t.o be up-to;-dE'~te;

ot

ATIC

p~.co>t:1~:t

le~~~r ~cn~uct field 1L.vc~~!~&t!ons ot ~:os_~l~~t!nzs (t~e~~ ~~

requ~:tc! rro~ U3AF 1ntellir,~nee officers ~pri~rily Air ~rcn=e .
Co=r.c:.:..:!. t..ni Urwa.}s o.:ld A1::- Co=.:!ru.."!1cnt1~:1S ServiciJ. n~arer to the
s'~~tlr~s), b~t co~r1~ their a~t1vlt1~c to rcc~ivinG nril c~cklnz
rCfO!"tG
rt:C-!iV1!~ 1 req_uestint:: add.ltional. fi~ld in.~otiC-9-tiO:l il~!"e
nec~sl~~ 1 ~::r!'cz .. .!n; ncce~s:~.r, c;lcckiD~ n,::aln:;t ~~teorolO:i1cl 11

no

...

es

ut::o~o::;ie~, e1::-=nt.!t c.."'!d b~lloo::l cbt~, e..."id record.L.uc th~lr ~iniicc.:1

u.d =c!l~!.~ions in a. cro!ls-re!'cre!:ced s,yste-.a b:; date, 1o::at1o:J., Gour.:u~
t~~~ t~: o'b::;ervtltie!l e.:1i .c or..clu:;ion dm!.-n. T.l::t /,c:i::J. Ph.!!lCI::tMu Scc'tiou

~~~$ d.!r;!=tly -.r!th th~ Public Inror.~tion .O !'tice or Jiq. 1 U3Aftt

:r-~p~!..:l~ in:or-'ltiO:l ror pL1.1Jlic relea~e~ For atou~ 't!le s---~t .l"C:lr_,

also

.... ....,....

ap~ro:.<!.::.t~ll

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-..;...0111#,_._._.

te.:.

~rcant or tll-e

reJ.orted al.ght.l.D.GS ha.ve bec:n

0!' ~!":ic'.:.lc.r int.cr~st 1c 1.11-: 'i"act tht~t NriC 1s in t.h.!

pro:~:~ o!' trna~!.:!!"rlr.p; projcc t lll\ld'boo!<. '-O J!q., ..'\lr D~fense Co::~nd..
/.ceo:-.!!.::{': to Lt. Col. H!lrry Joh:uto-t, Chlet, lectroo!c3 :!~:lnch., th::
rea~c:1 ror the tr~"'-S!"c.~r \:':i:J tl::t ~re 1:.."14 bc.:n ~ol~ ~ost or L~~
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Ap;pro:e\:otely a yeu and

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(::::-o.~ec:t ~TC?.i)s:.:~~;) r..u 'be~;pre;p:u:iny., at Rrxc

reql.!est.

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T't'.e ILn-:t hns ev:dene:d llttle or .a.o 1ut~rest ln

t:FO:l' s . otl:~r t1nn c:o:per~;t!n!~ vi th tt.c: Air Foree 1~ re;ort1ag si;htiaga
~ .and. ~~r.~ ~n.~ -~~t~ l:Sing the Air Force .rau:at. ~
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~TIC i~sw~~ at~~~s rc~o~ts on Project Dl~book oa a trl-~ontblT
.b:1sis tt:e ~ost nee~t beine !lo:?port Bo. l2 30 Sep~ei'b~r 1953.

A co~r~~ensie sta~1S..icc1 re~o~ on UFaa aigh~ings d~rlngth~

J>~r: c:>i 1~47 :-hror:h 1952. 'rht:a stt.dy _1s no-., e"-T-t:ted _1.0 be co::pleted.
by 1-.. Dec~::b~r 1953. .

'!.'

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fJ!

'

th~ ~pec:-t.rCg!":l:).hiC. :l'!.~urlt

tl

Of the UFOi:1 pho:or,.:. ~p!:..-4. O:le .

'h~:nind "Vtd~on .. 35 ....... cs:.c~s vith "ste.Mon anut1t:..nt r 3.5 leases
\r"ere pa!"C:h~se~ olon! .r!.~11 100 c:r-tit.:S (15,000 l!ne} tra: c~rca, .
Chiettr.o. 3e~'C!~ ~y..fo. :r (74) t'l~!~l~ vere dis t:"ibute~. :Rl.neq ~rce::rt.
ot th~ ~ra~l~ }.&ave "eo::e b::li"--t.be o.ctul gr.~ti:lg se;,.l"3.ti.n& t'roa
tl'>~ pl~s t t c r.ountin;. :pl~ -:.es ilav ex e.t !.ngs are ex~c t~ shortly &ad.
Nne ~=~1-~e!.s to recal!' ttll o!" t'!:e "li;- .c!tst._..-J.b\.otecl ~ .. :':CS e.:d re

eq':~p tb~!:1 v1 1.h the t!!t~ p. ::.tlns~-1 ~ . --- .. _.:. . . . .. - -. - .

.
.
... . . . . ..
.

Se\"enl ttc!lt=.s a~o .rc vere advised tlmt AZ!.C pla.nned to

set ~p 3- co....:~n::ra.te~ 1nstru:::entllt1o~ observat1on.sl errort in the . ~ {
'.lbu;~~~!"q_~:e a-rl!~. lh!:; l"-~o"ts _no:~ be~n 4ro~."t .
~
. ..
~
tO -reeor:!.

~ l:sl r .asofi:nc 1\ltt.i:.tecl ~:

to )l'.:rel-~~ ee.":t!~ ~or S!!!lac:t:ed ADC radar G1tes and MCS

C:C:lt!'Ol t.o;;ers 111 lO~&t.!O:'lS ~},ere CQ~istent lJrQa re;orts Vent
.

rece v~d '! 12 tte l:~s or p~o'-a.!raph!ng U7C:a' a. O!le leas or the:
ca.~~ (a at~r:o3cop~c t:>-r.) ws to be cov:ned v! th a a1!:llle eatl.Ds

II
'

. ..
. .. .

1nvestir-.t1va ~crk o.C. ~c: proJect. en:'!. '"it" it turn:' Out tbt tl-..cse
thl::rtr~ (m"03 1: ) L'PQ Gp::'.C:CJ ~}~!f..:l a:' lc:Jt: J":Ul.,~ Urci--rt f'ro.~ &DOth:'
eou~t.r.)', t~ i~ t.la (Alr FoNo) C':o:;~ tb.t voulcl Jlll-,e t.o tzke . .
aetton." Col;. 3c~ton folla.:d th1:i ~=:zz~ 1>lt.b ~ sooev=.t.
eo:'ltr--:1.1ctory sute:c:nt th!lt tl-J: proJect. ~er c!.11!l cot rall~ct
any c:h'!D~e 1n .o\tr Farce pol':.e)' It 1-s ,nd.oubtedl.y tn:e t'to.st ~C
is tl:e Air Fo::ee Ccn~una. prir.:1rll.y caac:em.-d v:tb m'0'3's e.t th~
pr~3~nt .t.i= ~n tl-..3': th:1r 1nt~rc:ept.ors are occ~icm.U.l.:/ d15p:ltcbed
ar.-~::ost." rePor-wd UFOJ'n .a.nl tb~t the1r report~ stat.1o..-u a:~!
. .
co_ . :l1cst10lls :~y:;~e:s are 1n.rol"IR 1~ a considerable ~ortiaA or
e~ 'L703 act!vlt;y. NriC l-1.11 a.1nta1n l1.a.tsc= v1th. tha project

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Otl:er. '.As.lue

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a fe.r acattercd. .~F~~~~- t:.Ostly old, ."':

in t.;7C!J'a by pri,oate in!ividusls or ~0\:~ 1

tr.e!"f: !to no 1r.!"orr..!l~1o:l .o r concer::s or 1nq..:1ries or co:1sequenc!! in
..ot.h~:- ior:li~ COu:ltrie:.
.
.

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which

ini!e~t.c i:1tere~~

5 ?.csult"5 cr C'JI

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~n'::l F~eo..~on:'!..'ltio=u.

..

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T't:e c:onsulta..1ts vho

c:o:'ls!d.~~~~ t.bis prc'.:,le.: in Jrulu::lf'Y 1)53 re.:o:::-..a~ed. that UF03 1 s be ..
st:i~~~! or a~.:._a.l stnt\os D.."l:i eu....-a or ~stery _ uad tb2.t policies en
1n!ell!g~~':e, ~rn.t:ir.z , an! i'Ublic d.ucation pert!n~a.t to true

in!~ C1'1.~ . o~ o~ he:; t!le J EO tent o.-_ cct.1oD l:e prepud.. The det1n1~
dro:? !~ th~ D.'~".:e: o~ "s1!'h~1n~.s'" rer-or!etl durL'J3 19;3 oFer 15-52
co,tl~ ~~ a~t!'-!1:>-.:~ai to c.ct:ons :rolladna th~5e rec:~-=~~Ua::o:. 'lVo
~cent b:~k: ( ~ly!:-:r. Sa.ucllr3 Fro.:s 01:t~r Sp"\cc" by Kt!y!lc:J anA "i"ly:lng
: Sa.'L1Ce::-c ?.!l.Vt! L'1:!~d... by Lezlla an~ Ad~lri.~kl) tnke full. Edvnnt.cgt: or
""ot!"ieta.l '' \l'!o'03 :-.:?;o:"'t!l r-:!lCCJ.,e! by ti:e A!r Force to d;;:r-lo~ :t ee:1tra.1
u-,~::e ~!:~t v703's n.r-l c:~~.rar. t!rrestrl'll in origin. FQ:-t~."l~ly, the
]Jl~t~~ ~o~k ; & so !10':lje!1.S1C~ ~~d o~v !O\:sly r.n'L.~\Ol.~nt tl:~t ! t ~..~y

nett 1!:: !'elf' C~\.1~ c!o:m p\!'bl.tc r~Jc!tt'!l. Tl.e~~ boo~~'l do, ho-;ever,
1ll:.:str-:. ~e tl : ~ r .ct t!!.Y.cn by \.h~ p:-e~a:1t J'Olicy. 'Th~r~ nre no otb~r

e.s Jv~~ t\-:'l:!:t":!!'l ~ !"~~ - 1 ts o!' tt:e:l~

r~co::-.r. :n~a li 0\1!3

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at.. e. ;.t to ob""-:iD tn3;,. :rec=M'!".; fg:

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im'e:st!pa.t-1= bT

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3~ P..e-:.t ~jng eaczl.d 1::e e-a.~ -t.o s-a~ starrm .

tar tren'fd~'":;;!l to Pl;J:sics rrl :;:je:~on"~ DiY.S.:~I.

1:cc1dat.

:a. ill ~oqutd th1t. thr ~....:e ct o;;er&t.i.cn:r

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=~!ms~~;nt..s to

~ at;ta c-i t:: ,...-;o ~ar e.st.ail:s =--~1-- too

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t:'2:3ld2ls!QZI of

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Beported SightiDg

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Speecl H

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3120 000 ....
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apo:u;:-ed to the

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~-xel testing
US Ur Force.. .

o! $800.JOOO by "the

= ..

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-

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tryn

S:viet.s
~7 also.
have ob;aiMd
in!on-.ation tr= \his Gercan
.
.
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.
. g;t"'UP~

S. . Since

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r-r "'St int'or:a tion . on P:t'Dject ayn 1n earl)" 1953~

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-------~-~~-~~~-

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ASD 1'-...tr.s ';les:1 o: t.'=:e alert tor in!'onr.ation v'hic~ J:d:ht indicate that.
.
~-:.s ,:e:oe ).~:i!'lg on such a project. Pxi.or to th9 sightin~
by
~~such information bas ~en availab~.,
.

...

t'4lc.,!:.e !rom a group o! :ierr.c.ns just a.t'ter 1-lorld ~ar II. The

~ & ~ ...

.- "lOO. n .m. ...

: . . . .- . . . .: ... :.
.
.. .
...,
. . . ..

.&.

::- . .

obje:ts lOa~ report.ecD.:r ae~n in operationat

one 'ti~ in en area -'ft~~~ it is t10st unlikely that e>.."Fe~n~

1'2)'ini ;:::>clci be . co:i~~:te:, it is likely t..)]at these ob_r-cts loire

in se!" .:~.. T"n!-s "~~-~ in:licz.te very rapid prozres.S in thb .

d~velo;:=e:~ tor . t.~e S.:.rlet.s. It does, however., seem .i nco:lSiStent

.

that. te~ So.-iet~; i ~ey have such an object in service., 'WOUld
.
.. ~nt~~ ~ei:" la:&5 c!eTelosJ:!eD~ and production pro~rams 011
~: :
conn~!.;-:~~, tyze
2"&'C.1f't;.
..

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.
.
. .. . . .

exten~

..

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..... ........-... ... - ~ . . .... ... ...

. '
.. .

.
.
. ....~ ,. .

is being directed bt John Fl"ost. l!r. nost . .

is ra;::::-ted to ha"ie ob';c .; ""ed hl.s oJiginal idea ~or the fiying .

"""'!,..

-.,.

J . !he present er!:):-t. consists o! wind

...

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..

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-= . . 102 J.000
_...-- .

ltata ot climb

. . .-.. .

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..

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~.

'nle obj!cts rapa~~cD.y sighted

.
an
~ dasa-1'-Jed to be a1 mi lar to Project. ta whi
iD the
aZ'Cb.
ataie ~~ Avz-o Jdrcratt Lt4.~ Cl.nac!a, undir contract to the US .. .. ~~-=-
......
..
..
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.
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2. Several c!as1cn studies have beeu'"'.JCade OD Plojec~ a1. . . :.

~e p...,sent. stu~ cal 1 1 for a ci~ 1dng 30 ft. 1D diamster :

.. . .....--- .
.-.nd ~'bout 1.1 .tt. thick. Its per!on-.ance
1a to l:o as tollawaa ~:: ;_-.

..

--

trnc:onv!ntional .&ircra!~

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..

. . ,J3 October 19SS

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In order to properly evaluate the report

group~ it. will b! nl!c:essary to have addl~oo.~.u

Force bas
tor technically competent person.:s to quest.ian

..
..

ar~eent$

made

'I

the prty.

~ir

and details o! the sigbt.i.ng. 1'he

,-;/96=r 1-1

.on.

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JIEt:OIWaJt&l 1'00 TilE llECO\Ul

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his for
:;ee ~the rolli:ld ~,
17c,~ CJ~e...--s said. the. objects vetlt over t~~ trata:.

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li=-9' "!:e!t~ ~"loo-.~

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h:od the unc:erteo.:t., -4 ~=es:Jion tba.t the object ,;as te~

t.-4-lirling or 't1:-:;.."t"-i! ~ila..~~ ~e tl'3.jector.r vas U!';."Ut\ &t
2. stee,P angle (!lOt "'e:;"ticu) vnic:h he described. e.s tb~ lley a
:burth or JUly r~----~ soe:s oft a hibly ineHnaa. trac~. In
~crt!l cases~ the o::e:";s \r"ere rirst see:1 at a distance vMc:b

: :!:e esti'!"ated. -:.7s E:-:> to .Soo f'eet above the earth: Y.ovever;
be ecyba si:ea.l::e ~~ no .sooa vuy or telli!'lg ho~f ar ~-a~ tbe
c'":j~c:t:s vare~ ~e obJects l;ept on s;oit~g U,5! vithout ~ bre~k
i.:. th~i: cours~. ~...C!"J' did not level. o-rr: Ee seecea wc:e.-tttjn

u -:o ho;r the; !.(-=':1 :r dis=:.~3)~3:"ed.: At 110 t1ce dic1. ~ b:!e.u

a::- n~!s~ .e.'b~.-e ~e trldn noise~
.

.
.
"lhee "i.U ~ see.rc:hJ ieht "Visible sueh ~
used 1n
li'c=ld ti~ :a to s.:;ot plan~s. It ves ~ed on but vas DOt

po!::.~! e.~ t1:e cr:jects end clid . z;ot ~tt=.pt to f'oJ J au thea
!.:: 'tl:e ~:ts:".l.Ss!:::. vith the other:. a:rtenrc:tra. the--J cle1n~d

-::: "":.-.:o_-e see:. ,~c=ts on

object
to heve bee:~ 2hl~ to
-.-:.-.. oc~ s..:~ e.~t'" ls.
tbtLt t.hrlr f!YeS

:s;;
;t
~
he
it. va:s outside
bnll
asc:cl-fng
.he vent ill .t o
tb_
=

cut. l!e J!Ot!c:ed.

"'

f'eeltn~

a colc11 ws

s\litc"looee ott. It ,,~a e.!ter acrf:

~
r:~~s \1P'2.1Jle ~ 5~e r~y cucl1ne ~ Ctetr-n s
e!t"er.
; obj ec:i-staer tha. t=.~ .gree:ttslll"el.low 11gb.~l:~Q . C!.!),pu:J?"'l:
to be rcnca~ Ee c;cld see r.o rocl~et tl..-il nor s~oke. lte.

!'ea the01

bu~

.....

vas r1d1 r:; O:! 'tll.et ......

.:u

lr~t a~e~cc1
a
~ot
liinagv; ~,,.;.,i cl os~r
s::ro~
~.
&eLed. to b!! e. trC"-4 s!a yella"J'
\lbicl:t,. '-"U

ra:;d.dJ:r: Attar it clls~~i)::ed.,

.teJ~
ot1:a::-s. l-1bUe he
a.:h:ussil:s it vith th~J a aeco=.
object a!'!)ea:e! z~-:. t!:ey ell '\rat~ea. it. l~.a the sec:c:ra.
object lo-u tirst si~~ed.J the cc:t,pa: ~:t li&h~s
ottJ

~;:::; !~~~ ::s!~oi%4 c:om~~c:!:.

a -:hers

.. .

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.,

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I

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. I

th:lt ~""ter he V::'l bo.d; 1n hi~

claw1 the po1..ter ;pulled doVIl the sbaaes.

1
le~t lO minute::; later and Ja:i not 11!1~
thilt he pl~!"ctrcd to rid.c the tr;dn1
possible. ~et-e w.s r.othing tmuzn:1l

'

..

the tr~n on
Ee did :cot feel
. tbi:s trill ,
'

~r
tryi~
'to
conc:eo.l
aeytlliuc
f':Ul:~
hi.ct
in
. ..

reeicn. Ee did not cee e.eythi:lc to indicate the

pres~ce ot a biG eirrorc:e ba.s~ in -this re~on. Else!'Yhere1

he pessea. aevaral a:h:b~es and no attet!tlJt 1l3S cede -to ccnc:e3l.
t~~ txca him.
.

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. . .

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Int.errl.ev vi

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-

Arter interv:!.e--..-s vitb tbree ot the tour observers

-f~ted in ths "Flyf cg &u:er" evet.,. th'e;e stU l &~S
:::-t..~~..,c to co~.h~ tr.a existenc:e ot these ar other
~1cu1 uly u:l:c::-..-e::ti=.l type airc:rtl--f"to. It a~ears
JZlre l.ikely tha.t tb~ aircrd't obser.ted vere ncn:a1 Jets

or st
very b~s~
vith h!~ rate ot cli!Oib.

.
.

:Director ot Central Inte1 ligenc:e

.

..

" ."

. ...

S:i!1e
e--...!:s to have been the pr';::te J:tOVe:" .. .
~ sen.Hng tbe o::-i ~
dispe:~c:l: end. a..scribillg so much
conf'idence to tb.e c~se..-n:tien of these sauc:~s., . 1t is
.
ir.\l)er:1tive the.t h~ ce ~'t~-vieved alone ~~~.:..!..!o:-e>
he
~~
to ~-ov:!de sa;;.e e:x,pe...-t testili:!.oey rel ~t.i.ve
to
~ "'
vhl.ch he..s ::.ot been. mentioned. il:L,: ;;;~rc;~ co:i:":'e~.:. . .;~e:'1_ee relative to thi.s trip. It
::~~ ~:
c-~ .is holatns back on ~te_"'Vie~ .
II!I!JII!!! p::
in order
vait :ror a
te~:v.t: e:."!l' -.."i.-:..:. .: i :'l
I wuld

~~tl".at -.... ;__;;r e.:;d, a.

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Cop:r /or T

---~,r-----=----------~---------

. . ----------~-

. .

..

Sc1ent1f1~ In~ligence

r: .
e!

Director

;~sist~ut

._,..
-=. .. ..,..

~,

F.E."mERr SCOVDJ:E;, JR.:-_.,:

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nff~A\t

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l:'"!!.CL "'AT b:: LC~:Ut":::.!}: -~ _!!l:.:_;~ ~1 ~.:/ ;~b.!.} :c .
or .o~,4r t~h!':"io ~r::::r-.1"\ill.-. ~.!t~.- .,:.-.:::~ :bJ~e:.a. ~..i.l!::!. v~:i-! l.~ c-
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br;t\F..:O:l \.!\IJ ;:. -1 Ct "..:\c:it1,: .l"'ifl,;.:,~t, -. U!.C~O..J t.-1 r-cf~:"Ci!C1t b. At".! A.

;.,1~.-a.:: r:-c::s ~rt.!.cls :n !J ,!.~ .;..:.j~cl5 in l.f;t... =U.su:.~ i:.t~l'c!:c:l ; .... ::
t':'".;:= .t.:.~.Jl ;.!1 .!. ~t:-~~ lt~~~ 1.:t.~::!,f-d. ."!.erot~J.
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that this vas perhaps the best way tohandla it, inasrmch a:s in his

capacity o! Isgislative Liaiso:1~ it would best satisfy coneressional. req,1 ra:ents. Major Tacker 1dll dra.tt an Air Force press release,
.
cler....."li it throum t."te variou.s sections o! the .Air I/o e, and ld.ll
th~:l ~.!b:d.t it to~l~ ca.raror J~ency rev.!.w, r~fr;~an'
consUlt
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enigcad when .
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trou'::le "ths7 have bse:s h~ ldth }~jor Xef.tce along ths:$ .B211le

linss could. be a11ev:Latec! 1. t.~e !-!ajar did not have suc!l".i::!portant.
~raor.ages u Vice J.drdral !l. H. If111ellkcetter, US1f (?.at.)1 .far=r
.

DCI1 on the board ol govern:an of his organi:at.ion. 111~ suggested.

tha.t perlla.ps i f the A<i"d:"al ";;as .s~cr...-n the Secret p:u::~al" ~port ho

would understand and tue approp~~~ action=. ~~!frll}a.ici th&t

h~ 1;0~d relata this aug:;~~tio::~ t~.f~ous~oil]
~r~ Cono.s~).

7. Y.a.jor Boland

~t:z:iested

that 1 t ciibt be aavisabls to contact

.t ha panel ro.ambars to consic!er a r:11ord-tng. orths panel. report

.
soms1tlat along the Jines tbat Dr. 1-I~nzel suggested in his letter to
.:a"~l the mmbers ~! the p:.r.el; D l~nze1 ~s received the unclas~J:i ried
nrsi~n ~ro;n 1!:". Iaon Dandso:1. ~ Hr. Str.o~\i"eel.s 'tha.t this rr.a.y be
inadnsaole at the prese:1t tir..! 1
.. s::u.ca as the :report has already

been r.a~ available to t.!':.~ public and any change my- arausa suspicion. ,
F.o-.:e..-e::- 1 he ;;111 contact Dr. Robertson and discuss t.bis. .

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OFFICIAL ROl.Jil~C SLIP

OAT'

INlTI.ALS

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25 July' 1958

Meeting vith Representatives or

Ccncern1ng
Letter from Leon Davidsc!l, elated 3 July 1958.

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th

weeting vas

OSl representatives ere

, ...... :key and

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S\lggested tbat perhaps t:te

should. receive
)'.r. Davirso!l' s letter in _,.~e eYent 'tl-~t :.z.. David.so: is vorldng tor
eey su~versive &:"0\:Q e.ttem:ilti.ng to sol ic:it 1r.!c...~tiCJl frm t.h

.Ageney.. It vas agree:i tl:::.at arter nny t.:::.o:l on the ~rt o'f .QSI ba.s
been t!!.keil, tbe 1etter be fo:-"..arded to-~ II
.vho
voW.d . tbea ta'ke it 'L.'"t) w1th the FBI.
~
.

&..
E. rzxcU\
Cbiet, ApPlied Science ~ivision,

Dist~ibutio.'"l:

Orig - UFO Flle (Air Section)

.J. - ASD ( c:hrono J

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p en\ld. T.t1ero wcro, h:lWevcr,
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DEC 181S52

Director 0: C~tr:s1 h't.:lJi~c:aCJI!

~l=\&t.)r nl%ectta2' (lctel] S &CCc)

OA!.d&At1f1e4 7~'1Ds

C;'})J=

(c.) E~:~ii\:e~t ot tte D!rec:ta:zo Gr lD ~c-=,_, ~.,2

(b) J"e::o fic:i ~/JI to Di.-ectQ:t 4A~ lC r..c:ecibor 1952

-.

~.
Purstzn-t. to :th re,..~st. at t.be Directar,. ee -rol'Mn:; e.:.~sr.s.-.
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l!rs. S"ra Eunt of tho Air 7oree Offieo of Infoxma1:ion c:Llled t .be und&rsigced. t~ic OD 16 August an4 ODCO OD
1.

. 18 AUi:US-t:. . .

'

1Iemo to Ch/Dml c!:atcd 20 July l9G6

M~mo for nccord d~ted 12 August 1966

2.

Request to Deelnssify CIA U70

~1r Fo~cc

'\

SueJECT:

2. The _first ti:e sb~ ~sk~d if our response bad gotten out and I told bor it hac!. She r~qucsted thtt phon& nu~
bcr of t~af!icc rcsuo~itlc for issuing the reply aad I
gnve hexj

'@'F:"

tum::zber..

..

3. The sceonc! ti::1e !Irs. Eunt called sho wnnted to

ltnor. the eAtent of the deletions. if ~ny. I told her th3t,
at lc~st; rcf~ra~ce to ciA ~nd n~mos of CIA eaployQes were
re~oved, an~ that I h3d h~~rd t~~t s~mo ndrlitional s~nitiz-
in~ prct~bl7 w~s done in tho processing of the reply.

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4.

c~ll

rc~pousc,

AVID B. STEYEtrSCN

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(23 "Aug GG)

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w:1s to st:1te th:lt Air Force hnd

and to nsk for the r~turn of thair

copy of the C!A rc1]ort ~:hich h:ld teen :fonnrd~cl to u~ :with
the request for d~cl~ssitication.
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1944 th~a , ..~ r.atc:-1:11. mdcxeo ot th~J Ct":iat=.-:c

cr "hi!.T";!o...-M"O'.,

obt!lin~ ~crl c.--r~~::c-J. v~hiclc: b

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'l'il._o CT.L.:~~e C!.va th::

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chort aa to CG.uco

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are

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tho l:.t".;,=atien Ot

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st.l-11~ ~"l!dcctiticd

objc.:t is kna."A:l to Dr. P~o ar Dr. ~~1:.

ftt~'l

un

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:t

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o~ A::~1es

V.F.o. repo-t.."l"

c-t

dot:l ~-r-a r-.Y.:CiC~~cl to h!lvo ~b:..bly caus:.d a n.mb~ ct

~h.!a p::-oblc:o '~o ~1Cll.inc-:l

br

1nf~.:ltiCI:J r~eivc:i

''!'t.

irfli~~lt.i~ /.'00 con:~::r".) in olv.1ng thio p-ob.,_~-:1

cr ~1~::1 1dent1r!.ct:~1on

OOi'~l'Q '~l"'V!~e UDO Of Vrs'7 hl~n:J,P'()Cd. O_.?'~~At

or

(l9~5...1956) o

Dr .. E=::n:.tr 'Oel1e7cd t.'l:.t

'""38 th~ UC3 ot

t.

~r.ctQd th~t

tho p:oblu

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FOA!ION DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS

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!lltral AJu IN Kaa hstan today .m
to dw 4ilrec:uldn llw lk dtclotMna
.. lllr lenip Olou1 m hllrrieltriaa C
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to dlr -nvift dial . .f t d a1r11 1M
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Maf'list rhc>otJ tw lAm paiu,w u.t most drtliW ent

a poltlal tc:OhOm)'. -o.s k.epit1r" wu illiw with lhc
..SitJ ~~ its tirnc. LAter ia 1'-c im~rialill prriod, llliftll
Wtft ~!f~nL Ill &he nrt7 20lh Cmhary, l.ni11 WIOI~
Jmpenalu.lft, 1M Hiahnt Sta~ rJI c-.,itllillft.. ...S
Ckt~bJ IDIecl lk.PfVbkma rllthll ~riod. No Wh
CC'Ihlty his p~UC'd li~ the, "*rlihaa1iCMI '- rt.aftlnl
4ruticanr. ud m&e) ~~t 11itutiofts a...r ,M...,..wu

. .YC ~red

U. aphaliat dr~cloptromt l~wrwr,

MIIIJ otour t'Omt'ldn llilt lry 10 ftdcr~llftd capil.lltlft'l

. . , by tadiftl booh. Of'C'Ottf'IC, - Mcd 10 rrM ..t.n '1

Du ~pitar 1ftd Lnin"l rmprrilliun. 11w tlt~tM-s
S.ptt ~ C".tpitalism... -.ur .taas lk'tc t.4 ~~

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II

,,

.tatvi1Cd. it quid MM ~ torialilft\. Wbat il thi&Mft. . .~ FeW aaochtr ialara. dw ,unncd ft&IOM)'.
wtlidl is abo wailia& to br Ddicd. . .,. be tnetiml ill

tlitrmwi ,s. Oalr "r to 4oift& can drwlup w

1l'llal il .Wilm ~ lc ._ ~ .. "'a
rlfJDri&lism. Ha. c:111 we d:clop
dlc'Of) .r
f-~ -~o"' plnl U~eott af'.wism ~wile Nan"liw kcaw
ir M .at n sftripatr wr UiiMHI&~ MtR1
~...Ahft ..t:JWd aiNaclat;c.
Kilealitec eille. k is . JFICticft C:ll""" k ~liurd. Si~ SWtll'l ..,.._.,
~ t .: ~ti~u't 10 aJ IUtlk aKOIJ Gtlt'0atiftt .-illilm il ...-..wed ... lbt So~ Uiot ~~~ lUI *J IOitld
~ .....
kwaz socialisza 11M
a arried L . ctNI., CiiiiP7'It II If
.rthods ucf IMt
~..:
- rrt "a taplttr .. rorr I"Ciilise .till- ..
W ~ rrh ~
1. C'kit . .a 1110 aJto
'I' ..
.. PO~ We ..ft llaled Md tr ... ICC:d 1k .: ~
aiskUadlrifd\OCf!IIU!'~Ira~
~ ~-".., ~ $orid ud C.iMK Pfliftier fJl socil.la. .: - . I IC "h. Ilk I t"'l&inull Mao cn~icQI'd . .tMI~
(- ~ tk ,_ all *edn. t.n ,...,., aaay 41e1tiau tdft
~tS7.ntpd .......t kf'ort can~
. . ." . ;t.ift , . be ftlalwe4. W'J 11tjmi~ ~WI art ...... .-.c ~ U~M* . . . .t 'lit C!C*Id. lean1 ,....... lllrir
... ,_ ! tie ICiiel u1 apericN:zs rcrirull. AI me tlniVal *u"' npcr.cw~ INI ch '..,.. fr.n dlrtr __..
~ . ~ poietld ou&. we "ou1d build IDNiilm 10
onn. Tk So..., Ulaa 1!10 dllqrod. ne, anacttcd
. -..tr C\naa"autioaa! ~JoN ucS
productift impotllftCC to Nt~ iwcetift., . .1frial ec~rd I
~ "
1CC1a U po!S',.e, nil iKJudft
OIUIOt rLDCf .0 dirfnCDCC llcl'llltle De ftlftlllp of
i!OCf cspcriciiiCa II'OCI!er caalria
*te two pt.rues al\cr conN1liQ& witb . .,., dinioftlr
...._ 'nc Sowic1 UftioD us ia&ktd &alra Gil ,.d. In
ltSI we put policicl ift romm~ftcl. Liter we rna-ant in
n;. ~11 lk Gllfltioll r~~~w. co pllold todaliun. dla
san.gJc. v~na illo dttcrminc C"<'C'f')1hift&. 111hf ~C'J
F'tnL 'lllr should 111'dc1'1tand whit il raJ and wMI il la~c
linl. 1nd 10 promote prudurtioll. At\n allahcw pnn. ir
ialiset. Oftlrbr tho~upl:r crilicilina the rate IDCillwe lool bllrt 1nd "v pra"'ifto so lnt tlw ~-.1thtotin
ilm or the "'Ciaoa or Four.. nn we \l~tlolcS 1ft! IOrialism.
wtsi( pided liS lht'Oiol&,h lh~ )ftfl. - would rUMJ
~11d, IONJilm lw mon: than OM model. AI loft& 11
out M rwcd aot ao be rvasic that the 10 ~n
1k lfnt"l principle it Ole ame. IOC'illism wuld k
tu.rmoil has pu~rd thr utionar tmnomr 10 lht briht of
canicd OUI ia I lilufWSM difTemlt WI)'L ltrort M Ollf)'
collaposc. How can rou alford not 10 run U\is thcor)~
bc-w ~ o copy \!It Sotct: U11ioft. Wed~ il becautc
ac Soi~l Uatotl wu w lr IOrialist country at 1M Ho can rou ~r to rtCOIJ'iu JUdi prKttcc'!
IbM. LatCf 'lit criticized lbc Soir1 UDioa ht we Wft
t.Caftr people at t.Gmt and ab~d 111 that we ...we
aill Ulinkin& in the same WIJ. We thoupt then: wu ' '
tumcd iruo rriltonists ud thai our ltM lias C'hlqtd.
eac war to .chievc IOCialim. ao alltrutitL Carr t.J
II is lftiC tbl 0\lf li11r bs d\aft&td. II ..,., the Mll,..ltft
awnparir~a an onr distin&uilll and rtcotnizc. Ontr af\rr
comp.ariiiJ ovr methods with lhole or otller couatrin
pidin& ideoiOIY that 011picd I domiMnl politioll
IUCII II YII&Ditlvia and Rom.ani.a did wt filM! OUI that
durift& the nlltu"l rrwohnion. How can" alford Mt
tkrt coulcS 'e. diffcreDt ~Mlhods. Thcreron:, 10 photd
.. ~nJC i1'
rhJnairaa Ole line is ,.., lht ?liM as
.a&lilm, we lbovld ha.,e a dnr uftdmtaDdiaa flf these
ftVisiDIIism. '" fKt, the "'rni&ionilt line.. is ftDI an
iDvn. This ah.o csplairu that wt taJinDl uphold IOC"ial
I?PrfVPriiiC lcnn. Wl\r~ Anistoniam iai1ia1ly .,.,
ilm nlm wt emancipate our &binkina. Upholdina . ftf~ntd to the thcor, or Bcmlltin all4 hislih. II wu a
IDCia.lism docs ftOl mean maiotainin& lk l~hiS quo and
lhcon:tinl iuue. 1r a th~ry C'OIIIrsdictllhc b11ir ICM'II
copyina ~vcryth ina i...c!iscriminatclr. We lllould ..,,
of Manisrn. it is nllcd revit.iol'lilm. AI for the itlut of
IIDP:J ~c 10 J'Url of the ..arhuraJ ftYOiution..; t10r
liM. il is cilh~r lzrt or R.i&)lt oppo"uftiltltnc~ thtrt il "''
~ScS wt CD$1J the I '7 run brorc lbe "'cvlhusl rcvolu
~riaionill line. n.t billie ltnttl or Man.ilftl art Yftiwcr&ion."' or counc. ttnain lhinp ~oulcS still bt dont in
. , truth wtlich is I Cfiltrion (or the wHit wide world .
Jlm)rdanC"C wittl the ft\clhods 111td duriftl lhat I 1 ) afl.
Rcvisina.. auch a criterion is the samt ~ OC'fMJWIII
ht tky are notwtricicnl. We m~o~~t mate new tMthods
Man.ism aruf thus should bt objMtd. We c.anol II)' a
10 lOin ~ problenu. Ftilifll to IOIt tht~e ,oblcms
..,it lfl\ct was aood ~trdly tnn is RO plOd -..,
.-iJJ b PhoidiQ& IOC'i&Jistn impcuiblc.. JcQuiC or
knuiC it co'l'tn a ~ry ton& ~riad ohimc. AI fnr tlw
~ 1101 .d"fcatc tmancipatiaa o.r &htnkina
liM it~rrr. it lhoukJ ~"If IS siluatHMI ct.anac:. Wr had
t $t'l' lk prcRqllililc or lht four Ypho.ds.. I disaam
~ liM f'or llw pe-riod or dcmac,.tic ~woluliM alld
.-il~ Dis Yicw, We lflould rccnt it Dftl:J b7 ftl'\illiftl
II'OCMr rcw dw period oftoeiahll It lid1Uioft. Wr C'W'II
il cma~ipatina 1hinkina ~.,we upbold JOrialilm. You Md din'rrrnl linn for clitrrrrnt aaan lhr .nrialit.1
pcriad. Tkrrrot't. 1k amn. lk wvisM.iu liM. ''""
we MCd 10 phold ICriali.s:n. "'" """ tiM
zociati&m! Tbcre il ao fia.rd model for IDCialism. Wtl ftOPk 11'1 iUusinfl ir t.c~ ou&httn hr a p&'rmanrnt ''""
.Ut is 1hc mrthod mosl suited 10 O.iu't conditiofts~ 11\at win Illy the: umc rart'lef Ukc- ....,.11& C'wt1'\'lhinJ
'"01dina to caislil'll priftcip&r~.. _.ic'h . ., ad\.,.....,nl .
We lhould let tht public disn~u ~ tucttiOM. How
cu 1~r, diK'VU anythin& if lhcir U.inl.ina it. .-ot nnaft.
"r UK -utna or Four. You hiYC' 10 ~"'C'fllt.iRJ
cipal~ $omt tiiOMOUI aDd popular YicM rlf lM pal
8C\Of"in& 10 cai"i"& prift<i"'" 1ftlf linn; nthc: rwtv. fi1U
. 1ft II'I~C'fl
lM ont,. .. , to ICCW~m. for ifiJIIM'f.
art rnilimnu.--chis is &he ts.IC'I k~Jk l.i.al'l Xiatl~H .1
!"mJ usnl il'l hi' H:k nn iftl tt\ the- ""t iliANI it.II Nl i
~~~Cia1l\m dots not allow MNit 10 rwocrybod:r aunt k
au.iptd ..nc~~r JGcialiw~ otherwise. il .-Men arc
aUtAt t. It 11~ Afin t.fra .Jird. l:.t' waJni
s*rs1aftl a link about lk -r.rt tlaphaliun,
. .t IIDC fti"'.P,.ID tk)' ial&M1 rpiwism il wpr;iot
z d &Mt.r soc'z'i-. ia ewDpariu-. Ml ilal

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IUUllCAL
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M?Rit PCI ..ib crililiua- ;,iull)' u .idn. a. tdl ,_ W . . .iiC d C . . Aln1 ltS1, f .et
81WUIL"'II! ,. , n.irmaa W10 ill M _ltSl hpol\ ~ ~Mao ud WaN M r
10 r.c-t ...,
_,,..,... anoot~~lk ,.:opk. nairma Mao Mid:
.,ara.ism.i.tllditt&d.r~liriiCtSoi'Mar.iuft.,ualu
Manila '-a kn co-Mkted as pidi111 idto&Dcy in aiticiuft. 1k aid l1 did 101 -ftd .,..ad 10 r h il Ot1y
- cwau,. ~ e111 " ' en.a. it! or c.tv. W.ra.ism criticilr tk iJpdiYidual &heorin or Manu a-t . .
o.W" zku if'ic ctt
tic ailirized. 1..-..d
tc 111 a e1 ~-- So. k LU Ilia
trllcil& llnid tJ( rritirilm. Mar.ift illiWI it ia dtr
l1c
Mia I IMt M1na. aa
. . . . ..,..., eM~ .. 6Ift.
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am"I Ill rf! 'htJ criLid il I 08) ~ . ,
1111C llfta,. WI ~- I.Mer 81 I ' " ' I
.,..Son lit crilicb esaftdadlmart-.c-..,_ -~,.._ weNt -l'c~DL"I. IDHiliM id dlat 1 ldfld
e 5 . . aiairidiC~ .... tlil f'111~ ~ . - ~ dcued .., two

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1aw or allowila 1
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lldetcllfPWC&.n&fillllad ~ftdai0-1Ud Al\iiqJwt~~ta....-4
IIJPO'ill
lld:ec dollki-c lllriali.w ud
eilkr
W ~ . . . . . Bad&. ir
-P'I ~ET..'PI1 ill MiOL I O.iu..IDCillillltl.., . Ji:IU ~ ......... ,._ . . . k ~ WU1
h liciJIInii iiiJd tk n utwiai~&-.ajariiJ el
-.c. . . . tolk "'-" oh.ie~ ~t\"f\llll CUI ... na.
. PSIOft i&. S. ,.av CIDaot oppclt iL NoC'Idlys. ._,
proldariu idecqy wu10 ,.m dlat il n ;led .ot
JDUII& pcCJik aft conrllltd. Tkr do\tbl IOC'illis.m ud ... we UJ .., .. , lllllkfCU dar llouraroifie WID
"'4lo t.r adtir:&aM 'll'hlttarillivft iL 1'kJ IMuiJit tM 1k iluln. AI 1 rr111fl. f'\'try idf'Oiol)' . . lllllkrd.
N M bawl ud DliD& rrom lht me " ' pot f2 nia ,_,ict ..., k U11Ccd f'"nhcr .I rl 10 '"'he 'n:IW}'
:OIIIht 1 tar IMIM toriaJism. WNI don WI Mwe
., P...nicc -"c" lM" was I .,.ltMf Drt"' ...1 all
Jtlliftl 10 do lrillliOrialiam! 'Bt)' do Ml lno lftd
ld~o&os,ics ~rt l&ampcod with tht 'nad J I diU or
. , nnMC t.lamc \hem. We lhould blame ourwlwa. fbr
IOUI'IC manJ kkokllits wert surnped widllht lwaNI .r
did aot do 1 aooct jot!. 1r JOU oppose torialilln ill
a d.ua. bul don twef)' idtolo&J ..,., 1 duluture? Ywr
Mioft, lite Wiiptina I .,..,.,, or people, fouoclin,a
..rill& ..e -Great C'Yhura! lrwlutioft. ail lrftltlllft
rome lied oraa orpniuliofl. Dr c:aUiq ora &be people
kc.mc &he lluis fOt llile lhtory ol blood rdleioeip.
ovtt'Uiro- IDCialiam, lkD, 1011')', ,.,., would ..
You"''~ bcucScd witlla rtau u 100e u )'OU crt lllorft
.-atiD& Ulc crimiMI law. II is o( COUIW IIJord 10
Tbc brands ofmuin cfus,tos ..,Crt tsp"ia11J deep, nch
. .vt 10me cSo~abu aboutiiONJiam. It is also allo11Wtd 10
a tile 1011 of1 ttildl. etaa and 1M rour blad c:atcaoria.
. . "' IDftot cSo~abu about Manis.m. Wily c:an"t w "-"'
The ~nCB! m1 c:alflorics were 1110 tnhded with a rtaa
4oubts about il sinr:r Oairman Mto aid it wu Okay . .idl wu bon ml. nnt brands ofdarW'I coull! ~ancr
10 critirizc it? We should dislioauisll betWffn PIMJ aftd
k ~ . Ca11 M c:atcaoriu all ~ i110 eithtr
~p&ftJ JMmbcl'l. If 1 pany member 11)'1 I don"'
llouracoia or proletariao'? Mu1 icholotin .."' 1 ctau
klicve ia Man~ or Mao Ztdona T'boupt 11 all, .we
uaurr 1>\11 NftJ don'\. Whaalr~d ora dwaaut~ dora
lllould ast: Wily did JOU join the pan~ II II ftOIIUin~
lltt think ina or Miura! satnC't IVCII. u Einatci.. tMCWi
forll\c lftUieS 0\ltside the PI"-' to havr dilfcrrnt ki.,ds
ol'rrlatiYily bavt'! What dus don IOI:'iii~CWM'C such u
ldOfJin'a aMint IOCiolocJ betona to! AftOlhcr qliC'Mioa
eftllilltina. We should u~oe 1 ptelttarian -orid outlook
10 ~ucate aftd rerorm lhtm, which is a Jon&t~rm Wk. k: A.rr lhet'f on.l.r 1-.o ciaun! Cu landlords tte consid
All !IOn-proJetarian Ulinkinp iMiudina "" uti
errd a rtau! Ca11 rarmm and small prodUC"Cn .. C'Dft
Manis1 lhin\ift1 ..,ill uiat for alon&tirnt to come. We
lidtred 1 dns'! How 1bo111 dlr pttty llourpoilic 111
lllould cdualt or mtiriu people witfl IUdl Gou&flu
llfban a~as~ Ho come 1111t OftlJ sil\lk'd out lht _,,.
ht we cannot prohibit ~rtl lhov&tat~. ICt'OrdinJ to
lt'Oisie~ Since Oftl.r 1-o cil..siC'$ " " .atietd, IDiftCOfte
Chairman Mao. Willi t'ltiM do lboUI the ntiManist
t.lcr "'' fo!'Witd &he ........ or tlimiuliftJ bou'Jft'il
lhinki~~ If OU! Cft('!'ies h~Yf urll U\ou&flll. it_~II be
idcoJosr IM roaeri"' proletarian idroiOIJ u If .. lht
ftS)'-jUSI fCMtud thm talklftJ. What 1\ap~n ir ll .. OM
Wtolosic:al rn)ftl "' wt had so (i&Jit ... OftiJ OM ...,,.
ofoyr people~ We can only kl him lalk r.nt and lhen
aeois idf'DIOIY When did wt critiC'ift tht ianwft of
ecfutalt loDd criticiU him by m.soni"' with INI talkiftl
frvd.alism IDd pcll)' prod~ioll Dvtf an &hnf tan!
t1 ~II\.
1'Jrvtt. 111 fact. we &hat fndal '"n~llC'C wu bda
.,.rattr aA4 worse lhan bou'leois iaft..rnte. What w
nmrOft. tvsa. we s~tould "' ~~e .r...id or mtiriun; was Itt slip br the thialtnp or lk r. 1111otd dla IC'C'OII4. wr e~~~no1 pouibly uop thtm from mctcwna;
hdalism. AI 1 "suit, fcovdal &laiatinr. c~prd driftl
aftd lhird-. oulcS pcrmh mttcilm. ll mlirism a:oocS Dt
lk crit tcism olthc bou~isic. FOf iftitttllC'C, d"riftl l~K
Md 10 Mmislfl'! II is aood- Many pcopk are ~eared 10 -Great C'llvral lnooiYtion, 1WOfttell were ..c allolftd
~th as if
mlirism rould damaat our aand
10 wtar sli" or ttt.id. Jat10 u.w ~aofharavr
a.J Mao bodcMI&
I ur O..itma~~ Mto ~imttlf ~ift& li'ltft &Ad WUtMII lwltntni"' ll11f'Mr IM .)k
....,pt difrc~atly. He uid: Mani1om ~So,~ drina iaa lh11 orMa'a sint~llill looltd ri.hnllous ia lht
the- pnJ(ftl eta IINglr alld it 1101" -.Ma ptOplc aop
fOOl. I dlin\ itl the pastlO rears .we U~~t tailed 10 rai~e
eiticizift&, To ~~~~ Ma"ilm rnMn 111min& huo Ma
anti.ftvdalit.ftl 10 a Pf"'PCT kvtl on our ideo&otinl r...t.
. .tis.m. ID ilftpotUal W2WI't il 10 lift I ..118dml '1"k r~ lbat thr anvcmn'C'nt wN\ nron at &lliisr-c.pts
IChoiob te CW.k I d
~ IMftlioMd lht iUUC' oralllifC'..dalill" itldin:Cn
n.1

.C't

.,-,.id ..

=1

...,..._lad

.. : . .

.ifd

""'le "*

id

"'*"

'

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--
-- -
~~~=
.
~-~~~~~~~~~~-~~~
~
~
-~~
- '
.
- . -- : -- . - - --- - ---.
. -.-.
-~--~::;~-~ .-... ---:=. . . .

. .

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.. :.__

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=-

14

f~"

AI f rllaud ild'orl. raac ~ I

I rorepftda sort CODffft..:l WI ..., I .\&8Cimf ICiiloob
aalr two~ .wet. wu "'"" ct.aftlfd
.. lk "'MIJ 16 Cimdat...~J "" told .._,
..no. GiWDWI ~kiap ~ tM people ..ouJd be
mild ..s comc'led ~ penw. ud

.,:at

f"JCIL

.ru '"' ..

,,I._.

_. lf MrtioL PMkiiU ia 1M idrqicaf ~ft

. .ucd lf lloldll& - two E'Li-.s; tk7
.. IDhd ..,. .....&a. . die ku ... ftltoaiaa
~L . .
..._ La. -MIJ 16 Cirwlaf" crilkiu If lk
- .._.ti'JIIodrii1111111I Wort..,~ Ia her

: . :_:
1M brFoisic eDIId IOC ~ . . IJ'Iil)' ud &a.cy
t. ."lrd 10 tc weur4. fuuDdrd ..., lk ~1
,j . ftlldM .,_.,~ 0'111 U.C bllr rbic II lllr lfhrt

'

Wdldiealk idr ciop::aJ lllkrw. s.a 1

IMde k U..k'blc roniUilsr.d tdotda 10

..

lead
. . . . . . . . ~ -ce.dita
lrt:~mc IWO ldlooiJ CODiftldiD&. wlkllaler llecamc ON
~~:hoot tiaainaiO&o. Maat ... 11w 1ut rc:bool1
h

{ . {" I

,..

waa

Mar.isa' No, b wu eM KMGI tl Lil lilo ud lk

-a.,. II,_,.

'nt .crvt"'"t II aat.liftJ Mid JlftWCDtdJ ,.,iaioft.

11m oriainallr ... 10 oppoK ~na me basic &nell or
Ma~sm.

lAier,ll bti'Md illlo a II"'ItmtDI t.o esublilb

~lilt III~Oritr

ror I leader ud eftluriaa1hat Oiu

a.,.,.,

will.c-..cr ~nac i11 political eo1or abo bec:aJM

10 nllbfilll lle.dcr'l&bsolutc 1utbority. Every word this
lallloritJ uid wu ablohucl7 eo '"'" and did DOl Deed to
lle 1attd 1broua,h prac~ire. Wboner criticized or
lrttd IOCht othil word~ llcto~ or after he dif'CiwDUkf be
litncd 10 IOu,~tbtl'. tcnJs.cd ofopposiea Mo Zcdona
'noushL. ucS couidered 1 bad py 1o bt pwni~cd br U.r
hole party and llltion. AI a rault. iD lite proceu or
combatin& 1nd p~vcntina revisionilm, a ptMnality tull
Jlincd .,wnd. In 1956. we dmrr lnsons from Soviet
c&pcriti\CCI and WTOtc an anitle. "'011 lhc Histori~al
EJ.ptricftef or Proltl.lriiPI Dirllloi"Pip, 10 critictn Sfa
lifts ptriOMiity n.lt. hi ell was the ril)lt thift& to do. Ia
lht l"l'port 10 She Ei&Jith Nation1 Peop1e'a Convns on
t~c amcftdmrnl or lhc Pany Con11itu1ion. Comr~dc
Dena Xiaopin& uid there wu a ftnK1ion ora persontl
ilr nil iftJidc our ,any. Later, this irw wu chanatd.
Oft lhc iuuc t~r Sll.l in, lhc ICCOftd eriticisfn or ltlc -Niac
Crilirisnu... which wu adap1cd trom aile speech or a
ftNin 00ldvitct,00 IICYCf CYCI\ 11\tfttionftf the milLiket or
is pcnoulitr cult. ln.lttatl, It u id critiri&.in& personal
..,. t\111 C'U c:omptdeir wroaa ror tt riolatcd Lftill'l
Ikotin OD lbc aua., dna, political panics., and lead
1ft. lh\ll paviq \he tr~:r fot 1M dc-..cloplhrt\1 of' I
ttrsoulitr ~~~ and resuftiq &II riO\d and diw1rou~
torucqucnm.. Tbac icwl all iolaltd lhc crhcrioll or
lnlll. Leains 1eathinp 0t1 &he Nata, cbu. politimt
,.ntn_ af'd ludcrl il lhal lht lftWCS lrt ol' diR'crnU
da~~n. 1t.e panr tep~tw:nu c&aun.. and ktden ftJiftIC'IU 1M part)'. It is INt IIIJIIe.ldtR ~retcnllhe Plrt)'.
dasn. aftd lhc IIWSC'I, kt wt canftO\ l that c~
China 1 lctJdct dces "'"'' ""' uenl 1M NUft.. sM1
Wic"iltl ill lcalkn means lldi:viftl ill chr 11\Wft, lftd
..., 1.fu: -pcnoulitr cvh 6oa ftO! ~a ill. Ltackrs Clft aJ10
,,,.." rrom 111c people~ ~ron: .oc cYCYJ oad

....._._.~-- - --

....

..

- -

IOUTICAL

----

8 efkldl:n lhDiult>fr. ndou'-'edlr a:al'w to dtt

h .;..

opks Mttftlll. laden ~Dmnima cu

kC'l. OlinMft M.o imvl( MCC id: Ho pany or
'111011 ru ..,.,., aW.in& mistata UD lito ldwontfd
1Mt ""c"'rru~i t& O..inun W10 icf II the tMh.- I'd
. . . - Wm: ..... IWs "INrt wiCMiMDII MIO ...
1n11M Oairman. Mao aid 110 1 rc. t.dlldit& ltU..Ir
=.r CDWic. . . ,..,;cr comm~ aiaahs nil Rrrt
r 1110 tile IIW Inn if
Oainua M10 icl il

6c1NIIi 11

.,..ln'
t
r
Lilliao achocal.ed. Hownn.

nu.. -...1ner lit aid il * IM" auld

~~ iaapcalbk. Due . . . .,.
or~
ail 911 ..., wca ha11iilll'd; llmdlrt. W) ... to . .

reus

Ilk

rilflL 1111~ ..,..... ud ...._,,.,

. ., .. ia'h'l....
I lllr) ardiiOUI IlK. n is
fl~im I Clftlil llfOCta. or CIDUI'IC. 'W II Mid lllo

Wll-li.u W IOCiC'c IMIIOinC pcoopk GPI)CIIt . ., tfi'Oftl &o

_. tlaiap ri&f\tllcCJvalkJM 011
etdlt -Gana
of Four. '"' a lat)r aumber ot ..wses ..-..c W
..1nttioL 1lltJ art apin.a 1M
ol ,_,,.. ...,,
liM"~ IMT .. "+'C .... 100 MUCh o/dlil propipnda 1ftd
.. -..c 1104 paid m..ch aUtftl icu. 10 &heir polilic:al ltYdy.
lhcy atw:ftl ~l ..Cart' ll}ia& co do aow. Out lt.ENt.UN
kll40 t.l 1eeti"+'Cd tnanJ letter\, ~~illiJ rrotn PLA
IOkficrs. PfVIflliftl: Don1 attad people k~ aftd IIM:re
'r ir~nvt'Ddo 1nd ~op doir4 tuch Uaiftll. Thrtt com,...
arr food tom,.da ntr do not MCn~~ritr tlllial that
Chaum&ll Mao hlcf rnadc ftO mistaka It isjvst lhat they
Dft ftC)( at(tpt dlis pt)'tholoaicany. We Mfd IOQrtyOU1
f'OP'IIftda Jlndif,-. Propq,aftda M'Ccb dilripliftt, bul
-"al kiftd'! II il wcry brd ao UJ. h il a pnaceu. We
annot IIJ ftn&ill lhinp durin& 1 ~Nin period; kt
after a while, I& will bt all riaht. Marllc WI c:anft01uy O.is
IOdr. ~ut WI ...11 be able 10 ur it anrr a ttNin ptriocl.
Tbtl"l'fore, WI Mcd 10 advar~tt studilr aftd http 10mc
people by workin& with lhcm o ~nac thtir lhinliftl.,

*side
-oana

bul HYCf hYn lkir

~iJtiS .

Wr should ad&1K'r ltt'ldily not

on! ~

rn

~~pnda

hut

1110 ift all fitldl iftC'I~in& cScmocr~ltr """ ~ro..,, iuun.

OJd bad praC1it"n dic ...rd. We ao
10 Many
problema wflith art' rormin& ao1 a pile hYI a JftOuntain.
Sc. when we 10n ou1 ltlfiC problem&, ~ tin OftiJ ..wt 11
1 s&cdy pare. We lhould not vatillatc. V1C'illltion ilao
Don't Yldlfalt, advafttt .aradil,-. This is hy we
ClllfiOt diKVU ttrtlill thift&S IIOW bYI we will br able 10
afll'f a wtlitc. Tallt thr ia~tt or wm lcOisl aftd ~I
riptiJt, ror t'&lmple. Scmr ~pfr IIJ that lhd .aill ....
110t llccl'l C'OI"'"l'C'\ed, and t aarcc. Wbtn an anicte 011 this
c -u ri"l publilohtd, il "" risl:)' to &alk about an
inyt wflich wu consickred a rori>idden :one. a.&inMft
Mro uid ..im.etr &hat Ua liao -u an tl\rtiiM f'i&tltilt.

"'\'C

aoocs.

Tltc onlJ war to iftCiit'lle sham leniat, raJ ri&htill was ~tr
platina Cllotation marts aroufld tht wonS '1rl\ill." Ynu
eo uy lac . ., 111 ca~mr ltl\ist. 10 eoa " aqumnJ
lrl\ist tw come &o wu sham, 11Mf a qYGttd -.rnist"
IM1M l'fll. Latrr afttTthe aituatiOfl dn~~ it wu all
r\a.)ll eo lall aboY1 the nll"l'mt ld\i11 line. ~OfT
Di"'S IIC dr-..clopin& aftd Mkololicalliht,.tioft ft'quim
I ptQCca. flift'lillalift& lht (orhicklrn rnM' alll'l mtuirn I
ruccw. For inslaDCC, tht Uu SN-ai forhi&kl,a rcJM ..,.,

it~ rnaart

;.

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.

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tit IIINuteol u cr ll&tr uclta willilt..twuwn

r m ltC&L Manr acopfc IUwt llldlft W 1110 .... .r

tliL '1'\rJ r. Wr fftlrns huftdlrd e~~n ,..,,,.,,

..,., II! lllrrr 10

cuniO k lt'drc 8'! A h'lt
..w;~ liCk NS!Jel tkil lk lllnt WIJ. WUJ. ,_ tlaik

'~ dlrir Bliekiil&'! la I

cmaia ira.

"idiaa il

. POunCAL

. ~-. ,cetAr lilr Y10 Wrw)'Uin ll8cf nn. -.11

.r..~ wrocr wtc.a 10 Manw 1M failrr
~ Ill
ppn:rpr~ 1M CftaftJ. Todlr wr diltua u.t
..,.a.ri;IC ot'lk Paril ConuiiUM, ~ co.;w:utrwlt .,_,
jft'tat lrs*rs lwn d'li"' C... lilt ICDC~k..

ifu='Mit ar ._II iale lk

'"""'I -aam.

Tk

Plri1

pc:rr&ic:iocs t.nw.ct ~~'* ~ ~. . . wcw.c(W:o.ll""..an:niall-'

.
ol'&llt-Gooi'Four.ta"Glllrr~rUt.Orir - ulkr. *ID..,r 'lcm. Tlw he.,.. IJSirm,
:. ,.
U 1 il llaiDJ tlfti.t w tltutiDD. 11w littioa
1 drr aU.Ic..SCn M paid lk..,. v..t.r.,,. as
~-j..~~ .-..~- dlr fK1w11ccs .ifltd. ..1 dlr)' -"..tm, J1- hsiWr 11dJy, ..... INIC .UIDfill
"-.J' .~IIIIJ II fill' lllti al:loul ~il!lllilt llliltallw friwlkiL'
k :diaiuK

-~ ~J .: ~kg llnlgJe It 1M ud
liat. Se ...... :,. . . -.....:... .... : -.. .
lkir .a.ialU., Is CaKMiite. '111m M
a ..CICnpm~pritJtaelr.NktD . . IIIUfar~t~.
~ ~ .'!"~
tWIIftOII dtfiailiom fot-.ettisllud rilh
.."' 11fJ rwlwn Md GPL Wt'Mhn il il
"Lull Qaitlh&ll N1o PGistd euL 0. timhio. II: eRuenit
...itim' If IMCIK). idrMcat
i.~. JC).'b1hl ~ llnCIJc, Dn!lliwe Jlnak...
Sb::;llioe. llurt II 11")'1 a Glhr ud ...... , ..i"'J
'!f .. ~ Mt wllo lifts lfiril or l&nraJt ill ,..lila.
jl\led f!l 1D . . ep lad J'.pL ,... a I rrt
- -~"aw6trdrfiailioll is:: ODe atw.doa dUftll . .tdlltlould ....,.., espc:ricllft aftd llruoa. If lkft wrr IRDft
., . . . 1M r.turt. P"' too far," called. rltnill. comradcllitt Daq Z.iaia [I 721 1107 2JOl ie 1M
e.t ..... mlllft to cfo lllinp .tlidllhou\d ha\'f k'cll
fU\. lnlftJ thinp would 801 have llcoc11 ill t\i~ I u.
~ IDCIItayt til 1M pu1 is carled I -rishlitt... Ahhoup
Zlalaa Zbia.in ..., a k ro of aile IDCiaJill period IIMI
f'XIict lw C'Uftlt'd. manr ~lc trilh oairlftf "-hkinJ
llldl u nample. 11 1M old da)'l. " ' wert
..wr failftf to Wftlt tMir UIU\kiftl alona wilfl 1M limplc. WbocWtt oppovd Cht kUM\ifiiAn& IKcamc a
eN"'f Of pt'Kltct,IO ill lhillfftlot 1M)' 1ft C'OUidrrtd U
kft, or COUrte, Uld whoc-Wf'i' It" 11\01 llctarnt I
ncllltMlia abo ll.avc liJita khi8d.
tw. trill be ruMnbtrtd by lllc people. Uackr 1M

cuacfitions. whoc'ttf lw dift'crin& ifWIIIc<omcs a rrvt.

,.., rl Slrldlf Dlc ...., ~..w lnthlf
tionill wt.o will JO doWII ill
IS ..,...d er
ramr ucf wt.oncr opposn Mao Ztdona Thou&t11
M111y IOrialill cwn1rin hlw aoc ~ ftKitwtd this iuue.
k~ma 1 .til&tvrd dtri'IC!nl of w ..1ft n>tll . failure 10 rnolvc lllit iuut lw nuliC'CIIftlll)' f'Oblnftl
aanoc ~C& pia ~ ttftdcntaftdilll of tilt peaplt. It is
tw 1M Sovirt Ur~ioft. What abc111 111! 'Wt .."' .01
.o~ t'l' tut \0 Lab ~is k6M or meatal pnuurr. NOM
tnolvtd it etthrr. We al~)'l ~ov&Jit tkmonary wu an
ef .. Ia INti tally prtparrd for ~-tl 1 11ruD'r 111 1~
esut or wort 11Jle. For tnan)' rnn we acfvtt\is.td: IDriltisl period. Ill lilt patl, t.cn ~ fovp1 tht K_.
DrmocntJ il 10 lrt lilt prople IIPC'tk. mrain fnm . intana and lpanesc, 1li'C ~ld asllr ~" ripl rrvm
"ud~nina lad pu1ti111 tabtll Oft pcopJc, aftd hft'd &ht
o"' eiMf ~(tit superior to our c11emin lfwt dttd aftd
kcamt k~ Hcacvtt, ill tflt tr.ialsit prriod, sinrt
ectiftioft.l of IN maasn. Wr U.Oupl "-i .,., what
mftC'J wu ell a~t It il or COY IV den.oct aey but
tht PI"J a ftC! lndm haw hi"' prest ilf. we alwa 11 fft'l
thr aajor tneanift& or dfrnocnt)' lhoul4 M t lie lim~tttS . litt we art wronJ,. -oncStrilll if wr laC'\ idfOiastnll
10 lhiJ arra. Tlais rol"'l"'ulation is 10 rar kadcn \0 lilrcd C'DftlriouiMII. ifwt arr wrona ancr ell. and ifwt wifl JO
1M opir~ions or lhc mas~n., 1rt the pcoplr " aad
doWft in lliSIOfl llbtl~ brword ot iflf&tllf tad
.now Uwm to nprt"U \tl~it opinionl. 4C'C'OI'dina 10 ahis umiliatioft. Tlii iftdffif potet a tnf'fltal pft'UUft. 5o 1
ibrnvlation which is butd Oft lht wicwpoiftt--of thc --tMid.Ci~mrtdr ZM~ws !tii1hrwu WOMrrf~o~l. She aoci'id
lndm'. dtmoctlt')' is possible rvta ift a ttvefaltoc~ly.
tk problems nl') tar1J. Slic was ebc alont bcftuw at
Dwr 10 lhr deep ian~o~enC't or rrvdal ~y. our dittu.. lilt timr rvtflbody ~rsc. noc knowina thr probfrms. ""
liofl D! dtrnoc:ney bl bft'n lamiltd 10 llow lradr"
Mill aatkina 1bout lllir "'thm bnll.. aad thr mJ n.
thiMdd ack,., ...s tht J~Coplt. 41l upri&'lt lnldal otTatill
C'Dm~ V..na Ztli&in crittctMI Oft C'tl.airmal\ Nau
a-d a pod rmpci"''f c:ould be ckmoctlltt if~M')' acctptC'd
amt trom lowr 1ncS MP< HI Ykious Iliad&. f W.rd _
elhm' acfyirc.
t'OUIV wt ~ tMIItNm M like
.Ut comradn or litoftihJ rr'O\iM'f deridnJ lO ft'habiJ .
Ois. kt lhc QDetlkNi is wblt do Wf do it wr arn'L kate C'omntdc ZNna thi&in enrr &tq rad lht ....,...
tfiOillllo No-w ~wr to t'orrtc'l this misu!Mttrs&aftdiq. ~euu ot'&Jw idtoJosic:a! wort: C'OftrmM'f eftd bad that
Fat~~. *mOCillrJ ill \N Jyltm or. CWiltry llt'ldn wtaa
lhR ~I'C critkiln\J 011 C't.lirman Mao ....... Olin people UW tN ript ftOI only 10 criliciu llul a!Jo IO
ndf %1\an& Zflilill'i eriltnlm WU ftOt II ttriouiMtllc""
perrin, WOIC, fft'll!, aecf r&c. f llltftdcd lk ~ca
at lM idcoJosi~l 'IICfl C'DflrtrrfiC'C. !Qw ..S lrt'llllft..uV'
C'DGI'Niad ldtiUIIOmt pnllrnl lw becalftldf. AI
lk " ' abw arMI r.lll)' .,ad nwnratlft 1...t ,...'l'lr
ltlc ~ ft'J"Itllltin eritiriard llltr bck" by
MM~nd kt' did ..at aftdrrtfand and urr-"'"" lwf. It -:a'
. ...., . - tlaow critirisms ~rc IIIla" ud ftPitft
-"' DIJ Fnt kt Ia pr"ist . .,kr I&IC'h a C'ift..m.cafk,.
.....
4knlfll. ManJ "P'JCWIItllin mpondrd &n dlf ill of
Zhi"' Zhiaia WU the Ylft&u&rd C1/ icJtot.&t.n! lit.: rataltl
.
fino.a.JI priiqn, wtltctl it I aoocJ pMncMncMII. IIaa

C.t'f. alllfli1 is just prrfiminll')'. n.r imponaa1 41n1 iDft

lck~ic'allitll"ralinft a .. f'm .. rn"" Ylr"inu\ , ....... ut
il IJir ,.,inciplt of tbf
C'om~rtuw. lki'Ott wtcn wr
idtofc.in tut.. 11 tdraliwa. aid uauwn. Wlll"l\11
.newt 4
,n~ _. npc:ricKt el die l"ari&
lictttl. aftd twJud!tt I hal Pfr\Tr It\ (Nftl ~tndc-ncaMirnr.

"'.d-*'

--

that.*.,

.,_- ..-:;:rL'"

1 - ."

n"

liM""'

or,

or

---

,am

......
.. ....-'Ill-....

-?:, . . . ..

"""

..
~

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-.

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..___ - - - -- . .
----- ---- -

.:....

---

- _.......,..._. -

::...__

- -

;!- wt aa .!.....__, ,,.,.... lllf uwth

u'cpulkaiiJ. - , . , _ of idtlqicll
allt.iel ia M McrPIN 1M.,..,. ud lk ai&aiaa ot
lid il .. ~AI IDQa wt II'ICCipizr ail Nk.

.:.ttt..V

10 sac I) abDut &hP ...WC tro~doill

Teda:r..., 1111 .cd 101i'bcra1t

. e

.,. -

..

..

..

. . . . - ., . :. . . . . . . .

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tlldl

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12:

POlJTifAI

ad' dia1ma. r.r 1 .... tiftlf lk S..W. Uaioft llltarbJJ

aid iapofta~KT ID -.&l&rrialiUft 11M! EmpiM.<"ritia.m~MA dMJ eoc Jiw ct aunuioll 10 -Notft
ft.iJclc.,t.t. Ulldcr Sovirt ..ftutan. niu
~~CW ilftponMrr ID ""MiltrialiUft aftd Elnpirio-C"ria"lriun ... ipoted-.... ,.ua
uoen
- . . . . . . .1- ..., 101ft - . . , . . . il Wftllill' -

'l'hr

or ..., ftltablt idcn

Hosncr. ~,.."
alf ~
..... ~- M nphfe dnN iiCJ. a --~'MIO iMef'illd ud hCh Pfid
Idea ftnl "'
dcmoc_, ill eea-. ildict~SM~Up. Wt ..._,..,. . Lni.. 11e1rt lk atlr at&k appo-

ID ~tlJrk 1k partwr flldlatiCikJ - ~laiD U ~ ~ti::.~ ~O!J. al'tl8di~

: t e a we Ot a R mas. II
a
MC'Oftu. ~
..-111 tuft lk
~- ~
Ye.ll illllo 1
AI Man aid. lliNW II'DCUlol'ftlllliliotl iato uticlc.ntillcod -tk'h:eory
~:--~ ..~'J'L. . . . . . . . . . .ttiruldr eliillt dansifftnfticc.
.c... anicla ut wrillta ..
~~ ~'"; ...:.... ~"~~~ 1M .a11 or dicWonllip. . .,
t9J7 .S.
Hill~ tl lk C'Galmua~ Plnr
ji~s.: ~ ecau tJI dcmocr"IC}'! nil it 11w rs
fte .rille Soi11 UMIIwt~ published .. ltJI. SWan wtott
.

, - taet

ar.

..

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a means ud
lie ll'llltotsacd. For

cu' we.._

M
111
II"I"C'', wka WI were
llfO'iftl lk Jtuomiftlanl. WI ....,.. rcw dcmocr.c,
wllidlwu our ad; after wc ""dtmocftC)', wt it
10 ~ld toNJilm aftCJ ~ becamt I INIIL At

lk preseaL moctaty. f ..iat. ia t.oth a IIIIIIU aNf 1ft

ad kcausc we anr Mfd to develop wil!ist democsacr
'" can .uc it to M)\IW the people's ntbusium ror 1M
OVV of IU tour mockrliiDlioe&-

.........

Oa"' l11 fla.Jrau M11t

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nairmu

ft"Wc:at

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11r flak "-P'm. nddrd DiaJeeliciJ ud Hi11Drica1

11btrriaJilmftic11 nffttod pat iaftuclllft 1Bd plaJid a

C'
..
"
'hit anidt t&pouftds
lht ~raJ . . . .
_. flllhr lrMU fJI Manis~ plalloloph)' limplc aad
Oft

dear laftpqt ud Orrin I C'Cftlift UftOUill f iaht.

Howt~. ic alia W wwc.-J mistakn whith I will Mt
~ICUSI 11 ln\illl tode)'. One ot lhc lltalts i1.
1'\JCrytlod)'lnOWio. .... ...," ht diaaaued lhc (our clair
aneNt~ Of dialectics. k DBIJ lntftlioMd lhal tk
llnt&&Jr or DPPQ~itn ill t'DIIlladtctiOftl puahes lhift&l ..
"'"' fOI"ard. ~in's ori&inal rrmarts ~" 1wo
"MCs: onr was vclopmrnt ia Utf ide~ttilf ot oppato
litn aftd the other wa dtwelopment n tht 11ruglr n(

lpposilft. S&alill W'Cf Oftl)' tk IICCGfod Kftltftft lad

~d ~~ lirst OM. A.ftOChft ~ia: ahout IIi anek 11
How do "~Wt lool11 naii"''Mn Maos pllilolophtrll thiftl
lhlt it did DOt ah-c tftOu&'h covcraac to thf in\Jf of
tn&~ Wllat art tlis con&ributions and lhoncominp~ I Cl'll
epistrmolon. "' it tpisumolon is mttrlJ 111 issu. af'
oelr llfk about il bricn)' llcnvw I am 1'101 p~parcd '"'
doo"l bavt arar rrrmncc rna1eriaiL t can oral)' uy 1 few 1M l~abilit) and uulno....bilitr oftht worlll. he- uitJ
lbat tht matnialism thinls lllc world i' bowabk aiMJ
..... llutd oe r
idnliloftl lbirab the Mlrtd il uftlnowable. And lhat il 111

Wlik liKVuiftl thew iuvrs.. iadudina C1aairma11 Mao k uid aboua IM tulle ohpiSiemoloar. Ellrhcr ill 19)1.

morr

lkca.ics oe epillrmolo&y a!Hf COIIIl"adietions, wt lhould .. O..irman Mao alrndr rlabol"aiN on thi1 iuuc; il 11
a. thew err lhat C'hairma11 Mao inhcriat'd aiMJ tkwl
10 rar lied 10 the phiiMOpbic'aJ difrcrrnct tlcl.eft
oped Lmin's lhinlin& INS thne err alto ("Uinuft
Daini\111 Mao attcS Stalin. Lcni11 wnlt NatcrialiUft
Wao'a COfttritNitiML
. ud Empirio-C'rilttiam.. ni~h wu lhc rir~t Mll"'ill
dauic to di~a~u mailllr cpilltmoloay. No boot wu
&ai111 Ofilinaf rcmarb Oft thr .,.roc:cu
YiYid pc mp.
dei'Oied lllht di.nwion or epislemololr t.erort wn.
liofl 10 abstrae"tlhinkift& lftd then (rom ah51rae"l thinliftl tD
Ho-.cvcr, IIIia book ia lo molvt the ilsuc ormaltrialism
lad criticize idealism. It abo talu about dle dialecliet or JCie"lict lltff aroused IOmt Quntioftl. For eumplc ...,_
cpisu 11\olon, but ..ol much. It mait\lr anJWCn qlleltlofl' . .,.,. stqa arc tt.crc iltM pnxeu or ropitioa~ (hlf
r ct. u ..Ur il ,nm.,. and what il KcoMal')'. ~trr be &n*P . , ~"art two: c is ~RTpCual and th~ othtr.
ntional. n.c, r twdin& to ""1'1le tl.c:Gr)' of P..nift,
kpn to write Notn Dfl Pllilosophr.. DC! ltarud
bowkdJC il pcrctptual il lllc lower llltt aftd rattDnlf '"
-~ts teicacc otqic. He finished writin& ouUiDCS aNI
tk ~iahfr aaat; 1D Wrt 1ft two lla&fL A.othet I"*P
rodlfetld lftiD)' dlinkinp. It IDoked lite he wu n:adJ
ID write aiOlher bool OD philoso,tlr. llliutk did 1101 ..we . rs theft art thm a&&f'l. ~nttftdin& aut r.tioftal tMtw.i
eaoup limr to a I ~il Notes ,.i~:r. edac iiiiOC IM n4 or~M ,.OCtU aftd tbal IMrr lhoulo.J hC'
lain Ud tWO Jdus OM il .. mnwia dae aill of IMlher 1111Jt for tk lftlill& of.. ~ict. wll~ll a ahu ....
(11airman Mao aid. llfiou1 l110.War....idl iln~tl~
4ialrct~ i111o lht nitr of oppoliln. dlvs lftliftllO w
utrpoiat iatht pn~erti o1CGI"itit"' M'td tu I" t."l
kart or thr issue. wllich lloowtvcr IMu'ld bf nplliMd
Dt4 capandcd Oft; 1k other il 10 appl7 4Wectica 10 dat 10 the Aair or pranift. 1\is a 1a. CUftltftUCM lkvrlnt._
lkOtJ or ftntctioa . ICSditiOfl. k abo aid dial .., flllnoutrJtar.
11 ad 10 l.Doqdtt il f10a1 wirid pcrccptioft to aWIIa
....... is OUJ as~ In thi ttUCilitm" C\.airm.n t.1au
~Wftkiq aftCS 1IIICtl fuam &JiinliIO pl"'('t~. For aiD"&
liiM ia the Soviet Uioll, lckatlikt lhis r.ilrd ID lflrM &bonC"d Dft IIi ilw 111 ha~ Mn Wtkrr Uur'\ ll.;an''
SWill'l IIICI\tioa. Siac:r S&ali looked.,.... - Head
C"omft ni"t.'"' ca..~ ':"-td ,~~;~, .....

rrom

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POimCAL

wtlik ioftl bo.ttdt~uflnt en:"

- boWat llf'lldft. ~ IP'UC. Ik ffWCUe/ ..,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. bon il ..,..,_ ...,
las ~ ECI&ft a r ,..,. dw bfPt~ftia& el
ii.JID NWC<pf cw jadpcneat la 1k Milt elpchr,..
ncr to l - k a..S lk kf. dlt "'"' Ill 1 ' kft6wk l'r~ &, n "'~ you rumple . I ..,. llti'
: ..tal t 10 ,._,ire. 'his Ia * frwdclprwal el a,ll..aac.lu~itpcmpcalntiuMiu...tnipo~ll)
:.-ill"' illln t.n.- cwdi.lc l.ftia ICt 7i~ GYt AD ~ is ..... I fiftrnc'CI dw lfpcara~

. .

1(11p('aranrt

""'*"
.,_,itr

.t witicf ~ lht!'M da.iaU-a ... , _. . ... dtdll' I wrkct Uf ftJtC\pl or iYCSICIIWM~ nt NP is

$i"C.'C ail ,w
~ lk ftd tl ,._. t 1 epe l8d is* col iu. "'-' lllr "- is _.ilr
- - tr c Plitioa.
oaiJ p&n,s 6t talt e1 ... . 1 jr -..,meal tNt ~ ~nw1
tdltoct lite
C'M\
flllw J'oedatiot eltk _... "1r8Cirla.t nrp. So
nat,,.._ aftd
~n~all.rcapflioa; k II..,._,. lk kaiuilll e.t allo ,,
r. aaz otfJ(rup<ut tao....., MWI ~
If tile PfOCtiL nil lksusdlt DMCMill rl
"*"''~ ~ tk nw~M-TeflhiftiS a
eltlia&. II .,s;'*- nlea lk .,.,
wr Jll utflb. ~IDol at._ .tAairlftlft
. . pei'Wt4lo&, 6b dlcCWf lllllo IUCpCib'r.
Clllllplr. 1'k ftnl
.t 1M Qienr
l.nia IIW aat ptocecdia& &om
~"I llnlah ...... baprri&JLIIII wu
c .r
_, . ., ~ ru~ Dt' M~ lrlditl 10
tsUptlll2 tao-Wat aad 10 was lht ~ .,_,,.
tir J7 fWieli~ ~Oft. ~ eNid 11J U.S IW '"'. a roe lllnfC&k ot lk ovti._ daa ia caphaliun.
tcsfu f~Qm lftC't'C't w lUI
.._ '"'m lk" Uf cw.ap< or judJut.clt duriq that .,r'?
k1n ~aacU~ ODC ilpetwptllll Ot'courv lkre "" buttkse t"ACtptuftdjudsrmet
Md lk .Orr, t'llioNJ booa1clflt. n&a II "'J wka.
~r ttnect.cd the a~a"net of' lhinp. We of&rtl 111r
~ lltould
courv "'""' 10 ,.nice k
e&~~<cpts aftd judacmcnu '" ..., &iiJ life, ...., ....., of
lrSird, '-a&
art OftiJ two fowu or boatedif:
~concepts attd ivda~mct~" rtnt "'' dtt apprar
fii'C'Cpti&IJ aad ntioftll. 4rt l~crt Ill)' ocllct ,011 "''' ,
anct ftO\ tht tutnet lJiil'lp. So Wf tannol ..,. lhaleo._Ho can bowl~ar mum 10 pr.~nin to b! ~~II
b mat loa of'a coaptavtomatinn,- kud1 to the runft'
tl sample. F"arst ~
~rup(a! bowlcdae "' ~~a
et Qi11p. Not amarily. Tht dilrcrtnrc bc1auft 1
ud aka tkYitr at so nttonal ~If . PrattK"t tt~tJr euccpt and 1 WftK prrnption illhallhe rouun MAsten
en .ot equal knoow~c. fcw iuiant"C, lite ~~~r
lk tommoe thararttriltin 1ftd tpptar11Ml'l otu-iftl~
-Gmt C'1altunl Jtrvoluhonwu I test for our IIIIUit bar, .c1 IUinmarile'l the C"Ommofl fUrK'tri"icl of lhi~~p.
~Jw \hrory ofC'OI\IiiiUOUS It wofutiOft, lftd lk IMOr) Of
0( ('OVnC ~ C'afl bt rtf\connf c:t~ nN>CC Pfl. IIUI
rlsarpcnift& lht dau 111\Jgn. Thil IO.,ur period wu
doa M,, mtlft that all C'OM'fptt
tlw natM'l' Df'
_ , 10 lnt thistllrol')'. How' UbI l&i4 bcfOR. fir\1"
ainp. Wt no hat INiftJ ror.ctptL For iullftft, dl:
4 iiC'OYtrf'Cf tlu~a.JI pcrtcpl..W koowkda~ ~J wrvnlfd
cotlC'cpt orr~S~italilftl nisatd btrort Maniw, but tt.nl it
ftltS. tcOnonuc prob1tm\, aftd lo~r lssna N.t1d1nb
MM rt~ lM nttM'l ofnpi&aliun. Tht C'DMfpt of
~ lbfn ~ clc'vlled and combtntd ma~r dfl'!rtnt
lk aoua commodity t1U.td lona lime qo. llut it toot
liftdlorpc'"ptl&l.l kr.oalfdac. \umrd lhem IIUDflliOMI
ft'DnotnillllnCI'I lhousa!WS )ftn 10 stud,, (rom NUt
bowkd1c. and lhtn ~udrd thll thr thrOt) ~11\arpnJ ftOuomin to Nan, bri'OR &!lry r.uny ftdrnaond
air.l the dau stl'\lyk rs wronJ. Wllm ...: rtntw our
1M eu.rM't commodity. Tkrtfort, anrr a tOMcpl t1
tlpcrioenC'ft, ~ a~ao ux pr11t1i~ u lht ~lcriol\ for . formtd. wt nu~lly lhlvt 10 F ~roup 1 (airly 1Dn1
jucSacmcnt whtch 15 (ormulltrd 011 l"f bull or pt~po "dcytloptMnt IUJr berM Wf nn lnllll'f thf t'IIC'Ik~ of
laallftd rational howlrdar: lkmon:. U rar u lllr rorm
dllnp. For anolhtr iftStaftC"C. ainct ttw I'<IO's. IM~ hi~
~ lDO..Srdar is roncrmed. ~r" art of\ly ~~~&~an: Ia
tft" JIC'Opk ft pol1iaa that ahey uw ftyiftl ohjt1wt.irll
m. ~ ltloulcf am~ O\a1nnan ~ao's ~~loloplunl
4id eot lool likt 1irplu" or any1tlina ~1st. Wun- aad
*"'lopmrn\ and adu~Y~mttlll. ll11 ftOt n_&)ll lO an.ol'f
lh01't ptOplc uw lhtm but ftOhod)' ll\tw wf\at ttq rr.
-nt lkory or Ptattl('f and llrN 01\l~ Malenall\m So ahrr faillftl 10 fiftd lhtir umr ar&rr murh rc surd!.
lftCI 1npin.cri&icilna...
M lllmfd thtm ftyin& llllt'l'rl '*"irll furri&nrn C'tllkd
U~I)' niduhrird ft,-int nhjU. h llats I
'nra. II ('\airman Mao, pllilotophirat tllin\iftJ per. C'OftC'f1K! -'Flrift& uUt'l'n---uidreuircd G,-ift~
fm!OfC'OiafV DCM. for iftStaM't,l think -Tile Tkot) of 41bim it a coewrJ'I'. ""' w+.at r-unty is this
. 'aanirf abo 1w iultr'IC1rnt anu or lhonrominp. fWd l)'ifll obj1 or .._.,ina sa11m~ h il ll'ftt ~ lhl'
JrOPit of ltiOibtf plaM1 Of trlu\inft~ 'a'r ....., lw..
tkn 1 will divvu OftiJ OM qllf'ltioft: .U1 is pcncptlll1
N&ional bowtedat'! ActOtdin& to
of Wr ,..nr to rtlftdiK't rnnrrll aftd '"''"",...., \lal'" '
- end
colle't1 da&a hd'urr we tan fiNII)" judJt' -hat C'UC11) A
~iclr pctccptual tnowttdar rtRtcts thr wra""
-rlrifll tawctf" w IMII'TIIaMI it' n\I'IMT. hw ...n
fill
and is 1 llllt oftrlllt pcrnpcion' and impt"U
III'Oikf MluafiC1'. ltbc .Jtd wr Iran~ lhr ccw aT rrt ..."~
Jions.; lfttf llli' lt&&C rcpeall for IC'Yfral limn. I sudden
Man d'd. He uid ""'"" t"SaMf is tiM- n.,nhinahnn ur
~ .. .a uh pbcot arwS ronn C'MC'C'P1toft, ;.dttfM:t.
IOC'ill rtlil;olll. k arnp...t lhr fUt'IK'( a( awa. Mul.
iftfcrcllft, nticM\&1 bow'lt'dac. wt.idl ~ 1M

,.-all6inp.. So pcnpcul \uo-'cdlf "litrnul 4idn'l lilt ~~ ef IDCII nisi hcforr thnl~ ArisanU~
Mf """ art ntionat animals and otllc~ uid II\'
r~~iofo.l! lnowkd&f. Ont dift'cl'fiK'f ~1r' ,.tioftll
. . ..
. . ~ 8 '"""'pcioe ltd Jedaemun .-nt pet~,. . _lt.tft W'Cfl 1'1\aft)' NRC"ff'll. fnll\lift uMI BM'I\ aft'
IUOIml1an& im'' .t\irh . ., .m,mnl hr M~
INI lFIOV"kdat a imprmioll aod nw pmcpltal'l.
~rOft'. sht pmccn oflratninalht> nW"IkT ,.rshtnJ'"
Aaotllrf ditr'rRftC'l' is lUI pucrptul bo~ ttntctl

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Mil

2121 mTJ

...,... llr!IB i 11.11 f'\ llllt:IIR

-.dlj"tt ..Sftllll .......

IC'VUc<J
philotopllr "
1._.~

WI i Uac dew~
crisis IC'IUII.IJ

~iJoic)PhJ. ~~\o 1M ralllt oflhis

..,.~rr,

1M

mail

,.niapaeu

(Tc-tJI(wc r dlat our

wort is MC rktl
.-iwid eeouJh. one of lk
1 caulft
be IH
IDw eorft'atDI o( politic:al ~ftitJ for 1M

1. Some ere of die 'Di.l~ion WI w 10-"'llcd crilil i111

Man ill phi~y
prtltnt tit il ca'*CS by thr Tk politiOfl of tbeoriltl
U alloWII ill I 10Cia1
cumat P"!btic:ltioe
tboob Oft lllis aabjcn. The
crou-ttetioft. is ftOI by II.Htru
. Some dKorisu did
l)'lltm of Manilt
ectOfdiDI lo W'lt ttal
ect'\IPJ tmiatftt potitio!r-.1 amail.timt:a. V~nicatty attd
Db is enostr,
.rn. Tbe same

old llttl<eAhl" IMttriaJ.

o( kftOW~C is Mill

wd 10 caplai11
buit
of War~ist philo.. y. lftd w
ultd is
on a $o'W'~I model or
tile IUO'L
lilt
IW &r&tboot.s in
-. edtoatioe
fllftbrr
ie Mt.,.ill phi. . aoplly.
11o1t1 1 llaJI'
the llud)'
Wan
" tim. Tbe
WIJ 10 ovctrocnc
mail il 10 ~
~1*1t1f0111 rtllk ce\an&Jtllltftl ttt old lnllmaltcald for 1 M
Ia Mbcr
mull st..dr Mar~iwft af'rt* ~a
ao w.Wr- . .
an ud u J'i~J

,.
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~- 2.
INIDcd crilil ia MarsiJt
l'.
. ._
aar ca alto be aun"k&cd 10 ca~~~r.
~cr 171jop ks IIIPfti'M politioft u 1 l)'llltm
. ~: ~
lllfld Caitll il pc"le'a .U.c!L Te o..cfalijd
;._ .:
" f ltlcw1d c:cebter 0111' etioelf a.!\ ural
A..~ til. lk ta\cst We~ &aced ol W~en
IIWf wt P I IIC'W IJilelll of val~ IN lh U
.ccdaf ~ niM'II
ill ..dcr .. efimir.a\C \ht IC'Nil,
~- . JU&h&

of

..

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lt

PI aftd doWftL
T'btir potiltOI\1 wt"
mort
wheft ""dau
naJc il \altn as
by liftt.
siluati011, thouah
..~ improvrd i11
,ur~. il
by . , rn
tni'IQuil. Nonnal
dtbatn
sudck-ttly dl.ai'Jfd u
otpolitieal
aad lad
b t jull
betomc lllr
mary larFI of

iadi'W'idlollll)',

KNiiny.
'Ptnlioe

11\1,

OhM cUIIJC'I in lhc

1ftd ales.

itial dimatc,
ot
tllllr
trilina
"~"'of p~~rs
ton~ arc
-..n.moe
Ia a cet~aia rear. for
e lhtoriat
wu
deliC"r 1 lectu~ "''M ICriiK
tumiMd
II
U.C &Sdirry el IM lecture
nnly
~~~r:~~ allllid ~ cordiatr,- ltloot
wl.. the

J MWI It~ oe Dia twtl\\. ~... Wft', this

W!!t!lltM.f W'U IC'C\IIC'd of 01a,pcl'lil\& tk
'ctltrll
01
OG\I'f\1'. Api' ctnaill theorist
1M . .u critnm ~iq to
willl potrfut bactinaaet"UIC'd him or~''"'il
tbc miSlikes .t.id& he imwtr
The'
ttoa,ist and IDiftC Olhtn tlid IOl
wKthn tlh.t"

.ovid .....,.. a,.

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It lltfr, die M11ioell' lullt.U .t A &
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1S s.aa~. 11ac a1 dar MKe U.C INTA waa
u4iq oYCr 1 'eulbfUtr .ctr r- a Spaaisl\ ~-TY
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'he seltc'liol ora muuf1ctum torthf Spaftiltl utdliln

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.,. Jov M. C'arblllal, 1M INTA dirte10t or iatm\ltiuul

FOR OmCIAL USE ONLY

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ApprovtO tor
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JUG 1991

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.li~" a1 flllllnf lki~p a lind at....,_ eat1 toftk'thina
. . . "'flull ... HSum. ) l filJCCal e/ llw .,_,. pcoupk
( 7fK;rt4 liltl ll:ftnt ldliq -~~~ I IIKipc ...... daft.
em
Pp'nant ud 1
ID bo .wa
. " t.lllf almost n.r ., ... I 1kJ .. "' flltOn:
errur .,.., did!
C!Eftai1 ..,_~, pmlinioM. u.s

lll'f

*li"

..r

....

""'r*'
.

lwuukf lilt 10 poia1 o.t ODC ocMr asp eft ellk ~~~"'
fJI .oft..nditiOMI ftfi&ion. 'nil is IM1 lltc.utr el 1
ft'ftlin edrcticism aftd primiti"iuft 11M: aocatled
M'UC'Uru art ub&e &o prtform the ltliJiour. eotnpe~~~-o
8101')' rufl(tioft lftiS Qlll\01 ICF'YT . . I lidcQIIaiC ~~laM

or

mdividv.al tori&! ICSapt.atKMI. ntrcrorr. poJitiration o1

lhf ar~ivitr orao~lrMitioul reliaious poups ir. almoll
ilw"i&.ablt. Tllil "conr.uncd ..,. rorrip ta~ricrtc'C. ud
bJ our OWII domr'llic npcricfttt. W011 of lk tailliltl
aoiationr. ~tcil 10 ~ clcl'ft or allCitkr ..,., a

d,...,.

reliaiou (or pvvdotrliJioa.) oritatlcion arc

ID
ewtiOiidal'oft. S1~ err brin& t1h11 to -.at out t'OI'ftlftOfl Mini aftd pn:~~rams ~ purpose is 10 ro. m a

........

,oli1icat GI)Jnizatioft of ~litvm..

-..~..,.~.-

pc,.., aaitcd bJ

Wanr Suvift IDC'ill tricl'llill& arr ItO IIOkiftl oltM

..MCd to rrnM the caiuir~a ~C1iC'rl in dauiryina htlin-

erith ~liaiou& atpniution& considerina tM ft'll1

~ws ... lhc ~01')' and IC'ti-wily
our rountry's
ftliainvs orpr~ iatiofts. lut while rcjtniaa wulpr liM
111m wflid\ Us ~ft impostd Oft rftiU C'OftttiOUIM'U for
. .ft)' l"''~ - mvst undmllftd lhll idea.lircd
or
miaion lftd rtliJiOUI orpniultoftl art 1l10 unwist lftd
WCUIII) Mull (rom tUdC'Qu.&lc IMOft'IOI ltt~rtt'J and
...maniurian a.tcure.

or

*"

U8drr l'Uftditi011r. elC'Oft1inued dtmouat~..etiall or putt.

.lir life .. lk COUftlr) lht lnirity o( trliatou orpni
,_.inM. Ull'illdiftllk ~-lradilioul - ......... ill linn..
Ch-rrallttlis i\ utural. lfld ~~ 111lk diwntt1nl'lhc
WlllltiOft tfanl' lftlll1 l'f twu.dC'f iftltrwtit wilh nil
P* llf'llrli~aliclft& ftd I"*P' nt'bc-liC'wn ill liM' ~~~aJ .

cuf1ural. aftd ;nptlihc-.1 ~rc ._ .kMtu al1i,ih It)

MiJicM. pu'hlir. ancf SIIIC' Otpfti711 MJM nll'm. an
lnil )"rnt hc:ftt\'lft In dk\'r 'IUI'iafldf'oft'llhiiiM"' IMM
Clftl) 111 thr rtliatnu\ ~Clhcon. hu1 aht ia nhinJ ,,.,aall~
prnh&c ma.. !W.11 is1rranion ran heir '"""""'
lk indi\id,lll lftd mold 1 IC'Kfttirl(' tna1C'fialil1 -... ld.
wic tll""'&t! C'Oftm'1r tniYil)', thn141p .ahi"' JNftl
pnltllt-m' IMI 1ft' rq~o~atrr irnCW'ftiiU to t.ltrun ""

aPPtr

"""irent

.,...t.ttincn..

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-
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,

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,Ail poet die

a SJ

IIIli

Ia' '_. Di.._Sun trr.

----

aVLCARtA

-.

Glf' ..,
.

....c

ad a "s:Nicl lfuioe fll Tub

1 a ' u hlllituk C. tile PftMI
liwife and. l'~: If . . .

-.....s
.....,...

...

aumbef
Twtiwa is

'I esjq

1 F
W.

ill Turtcy ~mn

~a dac ~ 1Ut
w~ JUUIIil
lind, or It tbcy do -...
dtt
daat .Ut il ~Diaa il
~U"Mdtc:boll wim pracat)' ...uu.,...

Nie

r.c.

B.ndq SCi a Te Make V, Fer Dl'eJI

AUJ6DIJ62JI9 So/14 IUIOTNICHESXO DUD
Ill .W,.VU. II Alii 19 ~ 1

....
...,.
-
.,......
......
,.,.*
,.,ro._.
'"-'""
.......
...
..,..

II llcl If
-.ealk,
I

rratllt ~tao" ~to.-* .,.,~i""" ICUiticMw'

aory ndcd coocenainc tbt uD.idan.irted ft)iDI cqld

tll.at....., n:urt1l)' repo~ to bavt lancSod eear MOIC!Or.
Uaprcjudic:ed i.llvestiptiou produced 1 perftal)' llloaic apLinatiOD, aamefy die CIOrabustion of' I lilllt
JDOU1)t or dey pus. We -.ouJd OOIIDeDtioa\laillaempt
tomah Ull for tbe suramer shottqe of'iater.:aiD&azwt
with 1 tabri~:~tcd aory, if die danaer Ud DOt rnlly
&rileD or similar aauucbiq uas 1llo appcariaa ia dae

tlfa ld'
.....jn ......

._,,

nrbsl

Ill)
;sad ...
~

W TII

,.,...,.
C11nnl
c.

&Ida or au~pna.

-r\tmip

"*'. u mety oe
~brtkm.

our
tWI&~~ao ...

wa iDstNctiou
I Twtiml

IIIIUt.l:

~.YaDdcr

amc fJI

u.u.a

Drllys art occ:unina Ia colleaiq tbc tin 60111 Mr

""ed fielck., Ud be"'ute iD INDf areal tU Ml ibeiUD
to 'iDdc:r 1bc cimd~ comp'letioD oltbe bewiOU cultivatioa ~ e:miou.. fl iiH ~r thlt a:rW.D k 1 ~l'lllipl
may be templed -.o put a ma\da 10 h.. wttboul -.al'iftl
D)' time iD dlinkiaa of'tbc ai,riq mtcaorbJ ,.._,._
liofl ae l.llil. 11 il DOt
10 reasiDd OW1CMI
6at fk.r PW1l'bitiou ma, 1>1:D "ill fto&ltioes of'
liCIC PfObibiU. aist "U.
-

ran..,..,

'nc loa ca pemtutqea of'ar.w ..vt ben cdhclld iD

Sora&, zar4. 8aarp.s, act NikNyloJiad ObiiiU

~.-ocD )6
pe1eqt). Na.rted difre~DOCI c:a ._

aDd.,
DOled ia me"')' the dilfcratmwaic:ipalitia

art aanyilla

this ~aahural task. Whereas 1 (~ da)'S 110 Vdiko

Tamovo Nurtici~ity had C10a'tpleu1Cl97 pacen1 of'IIUI
st. and Lom Munic:ipali~ bd coUec'lecf the a,nw ~OlD
" pcretat of tbe h&rvcstciCI &c:k'1, Mikhlylollp..S
NuDicipl!ity bad 011~ completed oa,e-lblrd ofme aft..

.,UI

cites IOmf mOft rece11 Twtish I'Q'bbcn

iadudirsa u anidc pubw.bed iD me

~jeet.

00

lJ Jwy 1919 CIOIItliDiJII U

Pri;~ Mic.is\cr ODliO estabtljdl '"1 mini11,.

Ml

ICief'\'
llrb

---.,., ____..-.__


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-,
_,....

-----

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"".
-

--

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--

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- -.

._ ,.,.

- .

-.

. -. .

ow;...-

....

/10 .

. .

~ .

-. -....

.. ...

r'

--,;

._ _

.. _

..... -.-p~ -

~~-.

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-; - ..
..

.. ....

~- '1

.4
"

..

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- - .

.- ....

.
--

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-""........-... :.-.. .. ..-...- .

.- . .. ... ._...- - .

. -... .

.-

'

. . . i ..."':.. ~
.
. ' ... . . . :.. . - .. .... I . . ... ..:. -.
- . ..-- .. .. -~- -.... ..
.
-.:..,.... .,...:
. .

. -&.,a:
,., ......
~- ..:~ : .. .
~
:
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- .,; , . :J
-. - . . . . . .. , ~ . ..
~
....... ~ . ." - . -. ... .. . . .

. .- ..
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.- : ~

- - -

...

- ~ -~

. -....

'

--t

. . . - .

...

..

---

..

..

....... .

...

Ill

..

uc
u
de fl
m'llll CDDUzaue 10 'be po'lbiUIIlllmt leDWc lip1

'ftal. tile .,.Min& fill I

lEn

fll oraqe Lmc:s

~ appear ~-~
oar n:.&n boa wbom 10 laftn:l fll die m'ltica
511 elet DbtccaJ Cc rm!ne.

..

112189 ~ ~AOTN1CHESKO
I(WIIIbfll91'

.ac.biiiG 10

Nikolay

~fila,

lbUJ~Qcnmiu.e
~)~u

elc :ed 10

job1D6 .....

'-e._,

~lt:niU at'... 'lfti

joiD1-....... _.
wiD

pwdwed"r

~:CS

llllltWitl

\. - ~:am

.'

to 'be

-~tM:nwlll ..
~+tR ' r

il!Ca'ID.iaiiiCS 111M~ did . . JR

D'MM IUt ._ ...

......
0

.....
-

...

be wwta. ~

* ,..

a: . . .

...

___ ------------------------------------

.,...

--

. -.-. --- I
.

-------- --. .
-

- --

...

-.

--

-- -- -=
-~:,:
--=----=r~:===--==~::::;::=::::;::~=-...:..- ~-~
- =-::
- ~~~:= . -- __. ~------ -- - - - --. --~
- -_
~
.... -:: --- ...
-:.
- .:-=.._ _:::_:~;::
-- - -.-=- ---_-___
-_-__
--- - -......-- - -- ..---.
. ..

-~

&$

=..:;:::- :
.

-~'-

-~

--

--

--

..

.a.-

-G

IU110NAL Aft'AIRS

..

..,.ccmed ladies ud ae:Dtk Dl c . 111t . . w IDvfl.ed ,ou to

ia CIOIUIOCtioD wfu 11tc OX>dusioo rJI .11411~11 tcieutific I.Dd prxtic:aJ CIOGI'crtoee oa ndic:aJ
DDloomic morm. This aocfcrncc otKoai ae Moadly
bd CDded tody ill tbe Hall ~ Colwa cllk Hou. of
lk Uaiou... -"fodly AcadeDiQ'II li!O'Did I~
At.tlrin, dep'"J diAi"'MD of' lbe USSR Coueril fll
NUsilt~ wilJ llbaft li.iJ impeDiou oa lhc ooafen 't
willa,....
U~t~A~a~md~~ato~
aaast emaomic monra, IOd thcst a>caiW'tll muat be
ttra.._ gp bdorr lk CoqrcsL Ttki'l& pu'l iD the oon-

fcnDCC

ere aperts ia all fields., to diiL':UW OCieft)y u

poaiblc, witll all possible opiaiou rep1 esealed. a

UUO!Iwide Pi\41 am to tab iDtO ICICCUiit ~all etd of
epillioa . Tk prccram mur~ be ralittic, c:om~w.
aDd bold. nc OOD(crnec yieSded I IJtlil deal rJI..aeria!
dlc 3 daY~ i1 was lickS .

Tbt filii QPCStioD (roftl I TASS CIOi I I teooodeDt . . ,

ms about dtc buis for 1M lbeof)' of &be \IU&itiou!
JiCfiod..
U)"' ODt IDiiD iDut il llow to 1DOC lnxrJ I
~martet ec:oDOmy to a martt~ICODOID)', ho to ucatt

A.N!k.i.D

abe illt~\U'C. Tbe ~am il t.led upoa 1 critH:al

C8JWitioD of pul etperieDCZ, bot!~ ill lk ~ aad
lbnla~ 1 IOaltific aDd lheofecical tNI)'Iil . . llr~
IIGC.. AD~ Dt ilno 1k Jfopwh 8dw*INt

A ITA C10i n ;p>o&rat nb about COftW: a.a oe De tn

4ifCl!fted IDCS oa 'Pilft a :t.a ~ npa'blic:wo IM-ai'

'
'

~-

'

0\'0COIM ,.;11

AM!kiD ~die~ oe oaccntJi:p, liU lbc llw

IIUtioD be bmined lor utioowidc dilc:c a

-aw

. .

--

..

- . -

- - -- ---

~lst''
1

AUG 19

A- ..

1,
'

M haJiu ~Dt Mb 18 'Eitafiall about ...

bi IOCiec)' 10 privasc o.. ip

1au

- .

rafa

,,,,ovee tor

A!l&lkic ftspoDds that public opinion is vilal; .,.. . .

..ve beeD made &o play witll pul>lie opinioD I.Dd eeejp1111tt it. Pvblic opiDion lllust ~
II
awaitiD& COb.ltNC'livc m+ a sura ud dccilionL 1k n
ll'esl will Cle'NiDI)' be "lrf b&tbuJtDI alld COD~J
We m\111 bnl&o listn aDd beed ODe uothc:r, we I

= .... "'"

'

ID&eortk..,....

.-AI U ecoDOCDilt, A,bllkU, ll)'I1W it il "CI )' CIOIDt80iio ...

Abttkil II)'S COUC!tM il impoaible ............ FuD
law to IIIC miJuNScmood_ teaoirolocY il a .,..,. tl
_,eemeat wvuld ~neu apatioe 68 ainkiea All
iPudou 14 andi~t~ ud thad'orr of' Uldioo. Taa:d . . .
,,oeeu VSI 11c Mip:4 aad coodwre NLctall pri~ oQenfaip and Cl.'q)Cratiws laavt bece L UP
~w1 011 6e blsic fynttt""'fltals Wll, Mlitull,
1 eced ia dilraeat ways. li"'-1 rile 10 UDftiC 1I 'Y
f!Ui'e4: 'Without rdonu. uve aD illlpuu 0- pokrDic. We m., DOll try to pat o\10' w diiDkiq ill 1M
l'lM ill the lal'X olu UJ!&J:PDdiQI oflbe rapceti.
old term.inoqy of'IM 19di Ceattary
t.iltt)' or tbt "'cisiom 10 . .
nri rd.
fizwaciaJ llltoooczJ.)' . . . be iatn)d~ ill 1M republia All EL PAIS oocrecpoDdcat, ia ltl.aDiu. 1 ts
sp.aper EL PAIS, Spain. llhould like t.c lclnl ,,._
hm 1990, whdl kava YCQ tinle time. " prier
cfw2.aes ~ impoa~"bk, tNt ~ aft ClODipdhlf 10 take nabk conveft.l'lrilit)' 'llat it one poiD~ thtTI 1110 thcilft
~CID o( ntioaiaa, IDd tliird, parsllel mODCJ
illerim measuns so oom~tt util faD IDCUW'S are
CkJ4811L
impleJMDUIIl 1k IOUnx ~ republica ~ ..Yr

'

A PotiiCuelt oont~P)ndcat 1sb whether pabtic: opN

=iaht oppav tile cJi-~"lel amSed U> IIMfJ 61
impaat, nc oonupoodau Ito u h wlaat wiD ., . .

,.

- - ----- ......

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---
--- -

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.
.. -

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.. . . . ._~ . .:.-=~~.-:~=-- ~=-=-~===;=~=~==~:;:~~--~-::;~-~-~3.=-- . ...- ~ .

.
.
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.
DUicf )I'DIIIib
~ 10 . .

.."'

.ta Eaililll wi.. s I M

Pawi*Dt a. ...
,.ta 10 .:c ul. WUt
Stetcs 10
ialbe . . . .

*paeaiOJb....,..

.U."i RtJ1fldl: -we do

eiiM .~
I griff-... I nncaJber wUt Jv aid about Pol1nd ...
IfPDp')'. He . . quill rilbl..l ~iet_ wberJ he i4. a

~ ud f'liHslic paliticin, u..t 1M Polts and HUIIIIII'IIN d.ca11 MIYC& must briQ& dw;ir ""'"try out ell aoeomic crisis. jua lilc Cbe Sovid ~ IDUII do.. We

ram

lnOil., ...

~is O&&ndve&.
OOtriCf:I.Ded
ust be doDc ia OUT ClOUD\!')' Ia 1,hnc IDI~ Alllr
.Ut cu lie apected olthc Uahed ~lei tJI A= ~ria~.
~ida ~iaht ~of assistan, I do DOt wiab 10 ckwklp
lbas topat. benute apaM from 1he IDCIIl ttDelaJ caeaepu
wfth whid\ J0U Uvt aD loq bec:D lunililr dtci4f die
of'lhc IIIO&t-CavouRCS utioe l)1lCm. n::a~
CICbcr RS\riclioa I wn DOt lie earic:ll..iq our aM

edF with aaytt.i.,..

..
''

WGeri!UII

. ... ...
,

10 liLa

.. il 't'flaf;
:~~pWoaw

Itt mobilized i
I~'Jk

cs.,;

uort. a

A (?HARLEM$ DAOUD) corrupoedent,

..

lussilft, ks ..We did DOC 1D IIDaftlle 10

1k
ddus CODdUClled at tbc conrawae. OM&Jd J'OU ,...,.,.
lCD 111 mo~ ~t4lcifteall)' wbic:ll poiD11 pve rile 101M
11'012 DCptive rac:tioe from &be CODtenoatiws. ad M
~ rd.OIIIO break this C~MCJ~ilioa,..

- - ----- -- ----

r .

.. ..__
---

--

.
-- -

---

-- -

---

M"J .

..

--

,,:_ .

IU110NAL AFfAIRS

.. .

AI 1616

WaC tiC hft.l n_::,;

*Pnies ...e\ all

'

,.ta
. . . . aocfa

ICIIW'n'A.In11N~s.

RPGbUca.1hil

IMOCMT

-~1

fiCiri~

.
.

Meo., Tdtvilioa Service

eoo OMt, 011 20 Ncrat~ber
~-

ot 1M

ia 1M

Dnin&

20

No~rmber

il dWted

Tt.e IDOnliD&
~ il1
V!Uoa IDd

by Nit~ov, who ,a

forchejoiot~a~~OD

SovMIGltJ.e
c1ec:lans 1M
il DO(.,...,.

At 160ot GMT, 112 lliU4

alb about a debate - '
AUIODOIDY of lbt laJtic publiC&.
AI 1606 OMT, u alli<Sa6t
nh wtly '&rious IIJ e:ll
fJr the Baltic
&lli.O\I:Mnl~ ecooomic . ....,._

II)C Dl

IFBdL

tw DOt be iad

cpon by lryiDc 10 llbbtu

At-lkie tales me
draft ~a.... na
wriut of the ...
wbmined fot dcll~ti cc~D~ic
Med for CIOI:DPif>l
dwell

~t-.

011

a-crous

* .....

~~.~~ Jeell

~ ~OD&J

.DUiciD&

ID cSevelop
lays strea
Dd the uatC'Il..
cenain

ud

!leU

AI 1601 .......,.....

,"'
.

~ ~~

~}...l
'Ct1)>1.1 N4~~ )'I tU il DO( .uld

....

unm

'

la5GMT

' People.. l)qMJ

01 ('jbm()ll .... lboat

she Pn il DaC caiiiBdL

At 16\ I GMT, Obdenq Mh lllo61

t.noircdc-

AI 1612 ONT, Deputy Vlfloll ys lUI OD

November 1 dcmoDSlfttioll wu brJd iD Jtip
I

:.

Ge lllti aJ PriDciples of
~attic lepubliC1 ,..,

.....,.

..

qui IFDda .. ill

won. Deouties u~ ill

AI160'7GMT,
Jriacipla f/1

1t m nt a:li01i
~ ...wtbe
.. 01 det 10 iDdlldc
Ddlbe issue ofthe
Nta. tk depu\iel mal! d!fbe:lc

Alt6200MT,

of Natiooalitiea
~eaioD opeD.. He
that if the
Dieted this Mlek. is DOt ad~
tht tcakMI DY
. .'VC 10 CODlhUIC
-.u:L A draft
Olllbe pt- may
ftr-4 iu way lDIO
ll'=ftda if *Uin4~\altoD D pro'rided ift dme..
acnersJ
of IIWlolliftl
tbe a.atiooal
lbt
will be discmed.,
fwther lspec:1J may be
accardaace willa DOles
a&bmituld b)' dcpuUes.

..

ac ....

wyuo~

'

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- .

- - -- ..

--.

......

- -

-------------------------

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--.~-

----.. - -=-=;;-- - --..... - ..

r -

---- -------.
- - - - -- - -----

- - .
r

AII6S5snn, At.ltia mta that

the dntllaw, Anic:fc 6, euumc:,.\cs
oflhe ~blic:&. ne raaueiaJ basil

- -

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11

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.

..J , ...

.IJI~t!IAlll Ill

&air S.nt.arin., ~..... Aftkir

'"""' Jt,.......,:.ftmr .,,~,, Mat~r.t ,,

,\et 4. N-......... ~--:~1
""'ftXJN1kiE5 . , All4:. DATI filli&J(Y

..

ox, ,.._.. 41tk-.wn .r ..Wrst ,.............. ..

Smic't A~ ft'1tUhlin 1WfiC eo tiPt..._.) ..,,.... .....,.

~N"Iriaf nn w .,..,, 'WiLfft. _
cs pk&iiJ ..........in. ., olllw ,.. ...........

_,.t'd

A:a. IlJ'L

.I

. .

Tk IDriltrun t.n ......, ~.ri.... ~il'ft'lioe ... hwtr a

,.I"

fnodaf C'llft\ft'IUftiiJ. Ill fCIIYtn IN

aaliwn, licftrdl it aftCI C'allt III'UC'tUrt. It of' I powrf'ul
&'Oml)"tuofl "*"'iM,.. ta C'ntt,_f Ali111 ~blift llilc
mrrhr fll~r.... IOriatism joinc4 uw ~icftrmr Dftht
eld rcvcSar t)'ltftft. lft11ihlln DflrMilioftlf 10Cic1)' .....
aih rt'Miia IUIWtiYC f'or MIWI. in 1M tptdl fll M'C
ution barnt a aood nrnourlaat for lnOM'f-tNbbilll
1ftCS con upt ioft. Forriblr 1P4 cal ..aat-kYCIUftl 1110 ,_..
lributC'd to thr n>n~tn'lliorl of' Uw fttldiJ typr comtnuitr. T\c "Jt..~rltina o(tbt bar,.d.~ikr ~aaliarn wa1
C'loK b, Ulurr 10 lht (cvdlt l:wcUin& 1ftCS lk~fort
....,, lool
ill ..... ~. . , . , ef

t.
r

......

.:

FfDfll ..i$ potflt, thf taf'tric'MT f/K AatiiiC"'OIftlrift il ofa

llrftaift imi"'"'aMT tor dr,'tlnpiftl unall (ill .-"irvllr.
11a opnstiwJI1or ia lbr tr~~k. 1'1lc rnnll) ecloptrd
Ia""' Dtl lht saa't rt'tnpriw. lht cc-opcnuioft aiMt IM
W iidual labour .ni ..ilieoJ lfte'alll 1 lrpJ ad.r.owlcodarsrftl oraucll objrt1iw-r ~ali1r uahc ~nuiiHI:nor rr
el'~irt C"C''ftOm).

Hnwm. tht ~ml"')ta ia pnrral

. . .01 wlrn lht 11'10fi\1901r oh&au Pft)lll"")' and lhia
W'f'\ fJOUihlt M'pliYt pNC'CSW" ift t'C'OftDmJ to IF>IW
wiU.,ul h indranc-e. Thr llllt lft1Dr lliiiS&a)'S I PI" from
.., rumpt1ition. Untr ..-cor~dal") rolf'\ " ' atill aniantd
10 &'IJ-oftprrtrivr lrld wlr~mrtiO)-td worltn. I
ailtif\& C'OftditiOIU lhty I~ ltOI able 10 orpllirt lft)'
ilaportant productio11 hilt to-ofltrtlors ~ld tumw-

tr
..

.,.t

r.llr

for iftlllft\'r, I lm1111tM prod~ion or

lliail,~on. min i~bi nc-a, rltc1rvnit C'Quipmt1'11 1ftd
lta:cti'Qirc"llninl ~,ifn. 11 orll 11 lflr small C'IUC'rprila

fiiSUrt,

rnform thi1 funrtion i11 prarl irally all ~altito\ or Asia.

._. dli 11y is Rill tirml) hlncbd b) 1 dn-p.n.,,nf
~ ill 011r mn~inuSMU lUI pturlaiii'A'Cf IM IU~
,..nt' tu ht 1 P'liar' 1tw kiJht rrl put':niaa.

STANDAaU OF NUN.('APITAun' DF.YF.U'tP

.. .

'

NACJUMOV
Ow cwlcl .oc . ., tbat w ..Odin& f!IIDNJi~n~ ill
iarir e1 taciali~~t-oricatfd aatn wu rntimf
.,_. itlft~te~tet el the ,;ow~& rpt"ritllft wtlidl Wll
ldYOCitC'd ., eur ct.ronsu u ~ ""r INkt er
u iatiWil. Tk)- wrotr piles olort prr'inldiftJlO aiw
r"~"'" fll \k ~lllill WIJ el ~riopmcat ill
tcecnr A&iall *il1 " ' uNn ,.,_......4 as .....

...,r.

-.
t

- ~lor

PIC Utes fll "-t -,.it'd aid.JiuwtVl"''.

:w wat\' c" ro.ftpiC'Irl) WI n( IDUC'l .;ah ft'lliiJ .
ipl&t~~uillin& .-aNt~ aMI4ifl"~ifL '-' mcll\1)'.

..

"*

Af'liC'A . DIFFa!NT OJtiE.NTATJONS AND

C'OMMON PROfiLE.M~ . ON 50C'1AL AND ('{).
t>MI(' POLJ("Y IN ('OUNTRJES OF AlTERNA

TIYE Oil lENT ATJON.c;

Y.V. Nn"UMKIN

Sn-ptitiun toWirda pouihilitin

at lftriafistitfttrd

polic-r ia *vclopi"' atUIIh ift. wtlim lwc.mc 'ilk

~prrad llttfr amon& ~'~t rar1rrhrn. is ~"' or
fttrftKti\'C ft'8t'tioll tu lhc 0\f't'C'I&itulC'd rta1itift ia thr
" '' Uowttr, ntln.idrrill& lhr flpitllill and thr
a -iah$1 w.. fiCation' ttl *'~lupmrnt ~ llloukf IMJI
enar,.tr lhtit difJ'c"'""' wflich is arict "'""'" itiiM
fOiitirst alld idrc&o&int r.rtd ,.., is lru .,.....,..., .. lhr
lllrA.t aftd t"n)ftOmit IC'hf'~. Tilis il ..ilr u1ural.

knvtt' ct.r . .;.. ri1 fll 0\"Cm..miftJ tL'twanlftft,

Gaud b)' ~lopiftJ fVVIIIM 1ft similar if' MC idrDiinl.
'l'kir eurwa is lht lte't\r-nttd crattoll fll die pot.:..taaJ
lorlt!i1 D\'fi'C'OMift&, llf rouJ1* ck'lrfiopfMill ef ....ut
liwt fCMcu, llolh tnatniat 11Wf t.Mtnaft.1ltis ri~"""""'
iNi&abiJ ft'duce~ lht IOriaf ancf rconomic ~ill'fn;Kt
kt=cu
1wo lhcnlati"! lian to ~~CM~olipira"'
. .rillioft il\ ~iofl Dt'ft'ftlift ainn ..s mcchalh or
f!Oiq ia COMIItM ellloe11 oric'ft&aliclfta 1t de pc~"'
nn thn.ilft C'Oftr."'JC.t ._ tht ..,ide "r 1 '"":"
eld~t polq at Afrinft atn 011 tuin prohlrmt 41taltft&
_.,h vital Pftlf'k., itrmts.. '" l.hl ftll'1ttilll. lnm.n
tumllfi'W"' fJI pmd~~~niw helL

Ap~roYtd

a~

tor

lt~tt

--=-~AU.:.:G--...ln-

...
~

..

..

- -

-~ -

..

---
--- .

-.....ooo::!~-- -

::

- ..

-
.-. -=-==-:.: . -...:.~ -----==-- --=-=- ---==:;..
---- .. =~

-------

- -
- --

---=-~=~ -

- -

-- -

---

---

- - ... -

-
-

- - -.

- ...

--.
.

____
_
-

- --.........

--~

-- -

--

..

- -

- ....

I;&

- -

- -

..
A MOll p&'C'Ifliar htuft' of~ "Nta i1 tht itcNC'Iion
ol 'vious rrfi&iou ucf mrtholoti~ tf'Niliofts. Sha..allir ~rali aft' ian~r~ hJ tht Man~" miaioft

IAS&Z4f)

WUr Cml r'ofCMIIIftd thr litucio" atiC*t Tr\I'T "'"'

lk t~~t"tUion to PfOtlaim tt.f clnnrinc. ill Ciml aftd
T.tiall UP11 hawtfl .. "'" ~ IPft'ial -~jfoa or
-'7 t. our co.tftlr)'. Ho-f"fCr. lht Tn.m111 daC'triat
,..,..., nuril rolt '" At'l~rit..Trtilh ft'lltio11S, ie
Ilk CfwMt't br Turker or iu pia" ifl the pc~~twar ..sct.
Ul4 ..is inWC'Mfd. of r'~Mlrv. lhc Sov~Trtish ;ei&IVM weft. 'n.c priMif'ln o(a"r cSonrinc 1\m NY lht
li11il otbilatc,.r rri:tioM bn~Cil Tlllr\C)' ud lht USA.

1'k alhor lried

Soviet illt,flltioft
ef'tllt TrvNft dot1riflc. Now,.-" WI' rninr our ,.,,,
II il .wfwf to lho COille'QitC'I'Im oftM rona approach
"r LV. S&all11 aft&f as;ociatn to lhc Soitl poliC'J ia

lO ft'('CUISNkr tk

....

'l

'

'nr SoinTudi"' ~lltiofts "~rd 1 'ilh kwcl of

lrtltioft ~""' ""' JIOil.ar ~n. '" courv or the
tllftd Grid ...., Turkrr teol ia fat1 an: ..SO~ posi

lioiiS, lAs!

artcr the ..., thr Soviet

IOVtrillftCftl

*nouflftd lht Trc11y .,. fritrldsh ip 1ftd HUtrality

kfwrr tht two rountrirs. li&"cd i
ia JtlS, and
wgt"'trd 10 Pf'~rr a IIC'W '"'"Y Hll.*'~' So.,~
~' thai ronowrd. ~"'iN C'YU ~ '"" IMlal
1ft! rdaltnnl., C'Ofttributtd 10 lht ..um onc-.mlioa or

rari

':,

Tttrtq: Wttll appmW11 or Slalie, ~ aiW' Arunia

,., ia daims 011 thr adjxnt ""' of'T11rtish lcnilOr).

Ia Slit ,_IV of&hr di~mllit diiNIIiofl Dll &he "JiiN
fll dlr lilt\ Itt llraits llct-lt Ul.. USA. Gtat
lriu~ ...S Trl~. tk So,irf panr ,,.,. niwd ct.ilftl
tll't"Cfc.b&t for lht Trts. wtlkh muhrd i drawi"' IP
fill ctaNIIIItilishArnclio.-.,..Tartisll pMilioL

IYN<..m~t., OF li!LtCitl)U5 AND MYTIIOt.,O('".,.

.AI. ('UNC"m OF PJlEMMLf.M ntlL'

l,.

L\'.SI8~'VA

. . lftirlr drak .;,. inigft"IC'it-allJ C'l~ ~ or

..,... ~IIJ!ftll\ aad ~i!w\klt.irtl llftlllam ~mtl
.-.d fve.nn,.,S amm& TflK
f'l C'mtraf Asia.

"'"''*'

Cllat runk- fortuat-lefli"' bcootl. Mankhana YMrr

ctuiC"CC ftdtf tt.r illnurM'f or Ju6dhi~o"ft. 11c ..,......
Ibm o! Ma n i~fl a"d Budcfhill
at~d aotiofta
rttC'tlft tht lnrlhtrr Ma"i is klunir.ed with Jllddha.
Nanithaciun rrniwea as wcU 111 ift\pa~ er C1aristiat~ity:
u.r pta)'IT eddl'ftM'd ID wan'-AA,ct <net) luddhl"
lht wonf equivalcftt of anarr- ecans abo -.,.~tr.
Trtit c-.riteilft trail
iftftutr.ml b)' lharna~tl~m
(the rill&ll fomtula
apaC't cktcripcioft) aftd M
ldlatilftl .tltch Jedu4ccl ,,, ...,.. 101M hlu'" or

idt'

wr"
or

aon.aaariaailm.

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS OF Alll

LHASAN ALMAWAI.Dl (NEW TaENDS OF
STUDIESI
A.A. ICNATENKO

Worb cu:atC"CC br Uti tmiMnt Mosftmmc'dtrlfallaTft.

t&pt" on probftfttl or lht llllr, fulowr llru lluclinS foe> a
loaa time by orkfttalista. Modem islamiass it~ecrprct thr
. kritaat ohiP.f..-.rd i. this diati&uiPrcltt.coriacorthr
klamit ltllt CJiiphatc. lbc1n& pu~t,. thc'OL:,.cic C'Dft

npl.

'nt ftOCioft of '"C'OfiCOI"C"' (1t(/jt) Ui.n I ktr pbcor U. is

COilft'Pf aiiWcf a I I i v if\& t"l pia ftlI toft lO I he' C'aia&riiC't and
lunctioftift& or IOC"ic1y. 'n.is .,COIWVId'" is ..CCIIIfY lor
pcopk to r~~ -..rr.c~l MIUff of tlwir iifr'" ia

.a.r

courw or *'-riocvntftt or.~w wM&r c;"l.,.,. " ...."

-~r IJ nw.sickl"fd .,. tk IIN'dicvat tlftri 10 11r
iaftftfr diffmatillfd: -.eitr ill dilrttcllft il .lift
cendit ioe or ........ (l'ril.n or pcoplt prrl'oraliftl ~,.
. . . fuftC'tionl ia lht PfOCC'II
""durlclfi'Rtta& o( lhc
...w- (lillalf, ..ndimR ttc.l a...r &hrrd'Oft Mfllina

or

oetata.
Mnu.at tatilit)' il.ht'"-1 ill I'C''Pklt) .. , ..rr rnprim
dM- nklr_., o(potr to tantOiidatr lhisni~tft Wlilll tilt

miainn Ciill). A._Mrdi lm'W'IIidtft IlK' MMioft of

wJaaiun intrrjttniftf. i1as lfl)' Itt ctf airtlo4"PftiliftJ
an" atld rwtn.. tftrtu~in& r'"C'ft "'tli\lk1ft~t~" t1,;~fj1 if it

... ._,_. t:.J

'

~~ .:.

.....-......
, ~

.... ... -
.._.-

. ~-

. .....:........ ., -
..,.. -. ... ~ . . ...;,

a ~

'I

~
--~==~
---~~==~

..
..

..

--

. ..

- --

___;.._.....:....:=- -- -- -- - --

.-:..-

- -- -

---

-- - - --

- --

-"--

. ...

--

_..

- -- -
- --- .

~ -- -

---

.- - .. -

..

..

---

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.

- .- . - .........
..

.-

.-

--

..

.IPI.~UIAJII

00 I
MJ IIPJIM

.
....... lite lialftiall flki..
Ncna ellk
.._.._.. ieolc,.tkd U. ... war aft' ....._.,.,.~~~~~~ l'or
ift'IS ud lk 10\'l:ttip (raNtL
fiUA r~ICT

""*

hni(i..ts: N.A. IVANOV, M.F. YIDYASOVA. L.~

VASIUEV. YU.O. ALEIC.SANOROV. A .D.
IN~'aYUV. V.A. YASHKIN. A..V. AIC.I"OV

*
.alakrrz aiOesarrt*cctiiJiitc.

...

1'

~~
if

"'*

a,. ..

.,. ..,._ .,.. .......,. ", .,.., rna. 1

'

.
i.

t
.

';
f

'

1.

..

..".
.

~iYif} ftjcC'ttd 1ft W~tn~

v.dicioftat llniC'Crrt..

Jlft-ihd~&~triat

dvlliattiorl. Tk
Mudy of tcOMNftit MstOI")' or tht Eut -.auld hdp ftdtt
. . ndina ccooomic pn'llbknu or.- ussr..

'

-.

-.....

....

.-

.1>

... . .

--

._

, ..
.
.

. .

..

... . .. ....

_y

UNIDENTIFIED FLYINO OBJEM'5 (UFU. IN

ANC"IEHT CHINA
. A.D. DIURVOV

.. .
o

...

Tht Pi11(tll or tmlftC'ipilioll of lhouthl ... ( ..ina in

I'IOJ is pantcularly impi"C''Ii"f antt lhf' tpiriiYif
.an~um ot 1ht epoch of' ..culturat ~\'Oiuttota. TM thirat
ol lht ~ IOC'iely ror bowlrdae biiC'd Oft tht M ..
raomit ~form&. tlltn limber fll Qtralht f'orm or
..-o~Ticial ldc..u. Aft rumple of IUCI CWJ*ni~ateons il
lk ciutir.c -..irlies fJI UFO r. .arn with wm....,.clint pcriodicab
&h11C -Fridit Taatuo- .
("'Sc.udicl tl f'lrin& S.wcotn-,. 1'k dfofu "r O iM'Il'

ruwt

icatisU 10
i IIIC'ieftt OillnC ...rca .....orin,
ewickMn ol UFO' nislrMC art
paftinJiar ialcrrst
llr Stnolo&istt lad ftprt'll ifl kicRR flllric~. The
Mtmlin of ~t fiiU.is ~eicasir.c lmld in

or

C11iu moftalratc 8ltlhodokt&y aftd ....s ot t~ ('hi

.-.c illoricalld:K'C ill lllllt&at.

TW lftidt coaickra a mlln' et CWoC"I\"tt' -*'"'

wn.ions tl iatrf)lftUtioft ol islaricaf Mlttrilk ftft

ftl,..-,Jiury flri"' pllcftOmrM. A Mmhrr or ..wt,

critiririn& llw attempts to platt a historic'al hai\ ndrr
6i' 1'f'Jhkrm .... I Nk. daft aot dtlpllt~ tilt tnain
n!MfPI Dr l IFf) 11 1 pt&JdUC1 of atirn mitMI.

-..sc,.

" .-~

'

""'*u.

1ft'
*

'

.....

actults ottllc stvdr ottt'OC\Omk hhcory rouW be applied

'lbr foftcuti"' Wadi in tM ro&towiftl (M'Ida: P,t-1
,obbc'IIU. ..... ol tc:OMmic powth and .....,,,is or

: ...,;..~~t.~;..,.:. ..;;. - ~.; -: ...::;.. ~_;.... z_~

'""> .. - -. .
* --
,
.- .. .

'

test

CUI &lit

taltm ft__,J il ia C"YillbiJ 10 lnd lo the tlcalh of'

FUT\JRE OF fT'MUt.tu' lll!lo"TUitV UFTIIr! F.An'

..

ckmct~ll, llooni~t~ ~ and MOft af'CMic. Ho~wcr.

. - tlt~ld .C c.sidcr lhat lnDCictaialiofl or tht

aOUNDTAIU

A acpti-.t n.ftucncc tllr Eut. ~acrud bJ 1M Wnr.

.a& . .lhcr

... .

flOC..,., orw ""cooonial,.....,....

wptadt11011..

10 uplaia Monpiall ronqllf'\U ~..Jckoldlow

h-ed ia ONsis Kha111 pci'IOU!itr. It il i...,iblr 10

. . cac what ~ -..uionary" (MilleT, ~llumciait will
ll'ltt an plans ofiDhcr-mindfd peopk. Uo~m.
_,_ fll tifnr ln'oGOI~ IWI)' ltMn or Clf'lolioM -.1
~ Ill:
t~illCW) il ll'UOilil .. ill rilltiL
&

..

nn1

&O'JCIMAU dift'CUCI bJ I ~riuftatic leadcf (M. Wt.hl

1 ~p ot-,.Dionarift CLN. Omil,oy). I~_.,
-~rphow Ink pow111c.
1ft - . . .

n.m

-m or

. .;...
.,

....... f/1 lilt at( - - .

el .U. 1 ltzlr el ._
.,...bitilr fll rtltlill ecow!Mfty 10 eMit~ 1M ntndr&t

. .luatly ndudina. Tcul lltistoriQI MOVCI'Mnl .... I

aMDpln iaatr tlt\IC1Urt iMfudin& I aumbcf of IIIOYfUUI. each ct them btift& f'Yklent 011 ftfUi" IC'Itc or
MieulaliOtl of llistork&J lime lacf q IC'C. TJw lftidt
.a.in&uishn ri.r wstn ot t.ht timr ud 1hr tnt
I ambet of train for Uw cuflural sp~rc. Oft IM IUpt'f
~ tnlr or lftdian m)'lhoiOI)'. liar llis10f)' ift trf\ft'lll is
llusiot~ aftd emf) rlm~ily is ral. On 1 IJoha~
n'r amunulatrcf dla"l" (&rowth ofpraduni~
.
t1 populariof\. ditrr~tuiatiort ot IOC'etl) aftd tftldlcd;
powift&alirnalion, ftftkiral trn&ion ftc.J Ire (lilt altd
Mtnost. A middle p,bal tnk 4itctma ..,'C SftO'~
:u. lhr -~rmal ftlllnl.- thr rti11 or aft'haic rcem ift thr Middtr AJts and or 1hr dusics ift U.C
odcm tliltory. 111 C'laifttlc llliiiDrtcl&l'l.,hy t ..ia is
npm.sd by If\ ai&Cmllion of dynasties ~~ aM ,.11. Oft
I MMJdlr local Kalt IIIC motl imponaal I~ C)Cin or rile
_, dminr or wari~s cvhum. ThcK mcnrnw:u.. . .iJr
~ ~~ difi'CICI'l ftiO&IIh, C'lft k COftsidmd llciaa
'&Duf. asi17 lftOCk'llcf. Tlq 1ft ~ 10 UJIIa she

'

..,.

.,.ma.., capilllilf Mdlftllatioe. 'nt ftOIIIOMie ._...

biD lily imdoulit7 fJI tllr """" dtprMh ID

I Atidcrablr ftlftll Oft IW llt'llif ipplinl to it. nil idea
- . ,., to.o-ard in 1714 ..,_E. Kant -'to ftOIItd w urhd
d-worid polilaf ..ira1ion. F. Sdl~tart. lraftioa
apoa lhc lftdiaft eapcrir~. 11Uftl '"'&~~trw acn eo
fliMtary limr. cldl pCII culture wtftt llw '"Y f,._
llftlllioft 10 nlicmaJ COftltNC1iofll Jradift&lo I luu o(
aali-.t impufw aacf 10 a dmtM. The lftOCkl ~ ~al.lft
raaaJ lftiiJW, can br lrK'td rc:t lO AIIIUSIU$ aad
jrwish prom itt o( Mmiah. aftd lhunodd ~ SrhJcoF1It w l.clo-Et~"'Pflll a~)'lholotf"' or rour crauarict
ilcklll, sii9Ct, copper IBd iron). Tllcw fftOdc'fl art Ml

01.:-ALD ur 11ME AND An .. IM ... . .. ~ "' ~(.if'..,.,. I .SJt .. . . wn

Of HISfO.IC41. ftOCU.~
.
:...~iliiCniiJ cr tlicluul -., ~ _.... rc 1
.
.

. 1f1CiriiJ! A ..mbcr flllllhrtiON tl ......ttl. ta 11w

l~ -

. ..,_.. .Pioa. . , .t nti&atl~ .ctllodi ....ld

. . , - f0tiQ.NI1S
..
ft\ic liC"'N . . . . . . ~ M1'4 lw IUicMd

..

.,.._ ..... , #fTIMt CU F t1 I . . . . . . . .r lrvcloap at a(

4ft r ait ' rtiW) etar Ed le 1M
'nt .new
a
tnti . rt 1 .,
A.tt.I'II;W
"tar' II ~ina leic~~W IMI
i1 &tpl
1k Nat-al 1J1nrr _, f'Fil. .
alru r"lt . , S...J el Loaoir triP Pi) el IW
~IN 11 llwJi.
- .._. Cl~. ,.. !) pr rile ~ Gc "nr.t ilcvaio.t.
.

"nr , rr~eria-t,.. lilt ell..: .... II ,.,.._ ur

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1-eedlJia lcnlat aan,.per nd Joarnwl faaq cacatl)' hi= publlahiq

lacree81J11 au.ber of article ud
report 011 lJbtiDp of
1dent1fied fiyf.JII objecta (UFOs) iD ~lou are of the So'f'iet Ualon. , .
,.ranut CIDter for the 1tudy of
tau a utabltabecl lD lo1c.ov to
coeduct ruaarch ucl upport tile butf.prioa of reported alpt1J11

************ ** * *

SetUDC the toae for this aedia coverqe n.s a.a arUele in tbe 9 July
1989 SOTSILISTitBES~TA INDUSTIITA, which referred to aany reeent report
of UFO airhtiars in the USSR. Interviewed by the paper, r. Prokopenko,
trector of a laboratory for the 1tudy of aaoaalous pheno..na, ateted
that a peraenent center for the atudy of DPOs ls beina established tn the
SoYilt UDioa. ID addition to conductin& research and presentin1 lectures
OD UFOa, the center will .upport the investiration of reported sirhtinas.
ID referriar to an i11ue of the paper publihed in July 1988 that
included a report on an aezinr l'f'ent that took place on 1111 611 Dear the

of DalDerorsk in friaorskiy lzay, the article DOted that the avent

is atill under lnvestiration. Kany observers aav a flYiDI 1phere crash
lato one of the hill's tvia peaks, and pbysiciata aad other cieatiats from
the Siberian DiY1sion of the USSI &cada.y of Sciences are 1till studyina
the fine aesh, ...11 ~phericl objects, aad pteces of alass tbt ate
considered to be ,_11 runen~ left behind by the aphere. &ccordlna to
tbe article, the allered 1pacecraft vas nearly obliterated t~ the craah,
-Inn there &Pre9"&: to be eouah terbl at the 11 te for ~he 1cieat1l
aixture of UFO uthusluts and 1bptic.s-to eventually penetrate this
.,.tery.
~llqe

...

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In 1tudyiD1 the sl te, adutilt &. lfakeye'f' reported fiadlnc ,old,

ailer, a!dtel, &lpba--tUaniua, .,lybdeua, ead ca.pound of Mrylliua.

One of the skeptical physicist fro. To..k hes hypothesized that the so-

called sphere eould have been o kiad of a plasoid, for.ed by the

tateraetloa of aopbyieal fore fields, wbich captured the eleaeat
found by Kat-rev fr~ the atospbere OD Its trajectory toward
isinterretioa OL the tlltop. Other researchers bae 1.nerally rejected
this Ul'h"ttioa ataee the UOUilts of arious tJpes of tala found at the
aite would 1-,ly, aceordiDc to this pl..anoid tbeory, that ce
coftceatratlOD of .. tala lD the ataosphere should exceed the present level
., a factor of 4,000.

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Ia of tbe datisu ..~ coaelacled that tM olljec:t that cruhed into

8111 611 wu u atr.terrutda1 pace -hfcle CO"'Itnctecl ~ lliply
lDtdllpDt . .1111 Doctor of d.-icl ldcu Yfaotk17 tat.S tlaat
llritbout oubt, cbS. fa ...tdeace of a Up tec.b.Dolou, ....d It la Mt
8D)thl~a~ of a aatunl or terrutdal orlllD. h cited tbe fact tbat the
14 enta of fbe auh bclallled bib of tlaln tllfuu with a teratar of oal7
17 lliCr"OR 1 end tlg t o ..e tJlreada 1 lD tan l . .re
Of . . . tJafDDer
atruds triatecl iato mlu.
tlalD
wtru ftn taco~ered
btutriDecl ia tile flDalt
o u lDtdc.ate tedmolOCY
~e pruat eapa!t111Uu of tvrutrlal dee, aecordlq to
W)aotaltiJ

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of 2l .1811 1919 1eportecl tlaa t a 110

Sptlq laed nn eleSaed -., lnciDHr Yud7 fODonereto ud a ,roup of
worbrs at collecUe fara b tile DDepropetl'OYSk ncioa. 'lhe object ...
4ucrf.Mc! u a tak.ritla cvo of Upt
t1111 fro Its afdu. 1'be
wftt ..su intdaed that tlaey ltacl obse"ecl tile object 011 tbe p-ouad for
ahat 20 aintu, ud that lt Jtted DO aouad ne It fl., ava7

'llle Avcu-t 1989 bsue of the Solet jourUl IIAUlA I ZllZM tacluclec! a
9-pap article wbich, after wnariliDI tlse h1stOr'J of UPO slptiqs in
aueral. contrut.. son of tbe Ylevs of tbe lteptics wi tis aoae of the
opiafons of tJse enthusiasts 011 tJse JNaerou.s reportecl uPO aSJbtinr ia tbe
VSSI, tncludin1 iacidut tn Serputhov, Petrozavodlt, and ludDJa.
ieeordinr to the antbusi&~ts, VPOs have left ewtdence of their ~iaita Oft
UDJ oecadons, iDeluc!i!ll tbe Serpukbov beidut in vbi~, they claia, a
UFO left a circular depression ln the p-us W'l th a diueter of 4 Mters.
De skeptics iDtain that 1101t of this so-called ewiduc:e can be
explained as havinc DO eonDettion vltb extraterrestrial latelltrenc:e. Many
of the sirhtinas could be attributed to rocket t . . tiDI for exaple.
icad..tc!aa Vladiair Vasilyevicb Miculia, director of the Terrestrial
Kaanetis, Ionosphere, and Radio Vave Propaaation Institute tn Troitslt,
which hal a aection for the lavestiaation of ano..lous phenoea ia tJse
ataosJhere, aaintaiu that over 90 percut of ufO si&btiacs can be
aullified by such .undaae explanations.

f'

ltiOlfE!.RATA GAttU. of 16 S.ptber 1989 reported that t.a Aupu a

JI'OUP of obrvers tnc:ludtaa pbyieal aelantlt llvir ~urcbenlto beran
fnvestiratina another circular depressed area iD a forest Dear Surcut after
Mrbr elaiaed t.ha t a .WO bad will ceel the J.te. ... ~ .. "

.'

S01'SI41.Imc&tSJ'AtA DCDUS'TUTA of !() S.ptHber 1989 Dot.. that Mdia

all over the Soviet Union wen receiwiq reports of UFO 111flt1D1 on tbe
ll"~ ud !a the air. addiq that the paper's eclitodal office wu
revi.,iac bwsdreda of reports relat.. to UFO iaddeu. In response to
this delu,e of reports, the paper lnterYicved aetoliy Llstratov, eblraan
of U. aectJoa of tbe .&11-Uaion A.ltrono.lcal ud C.oduic Society aaslped
to tbe ltudy of uonalou pbuoeenl, no laid tbat ..altboup his ITOUp 1
atlll vanderlaa aroUDd 1D tbe darkness,
laportaat evelop..ata 1n
the t.avuttpt!ons bad recantly occurred. ae stated that at . tbe sit.. of
the landiacs the operatiD& frequeacr of a erystal-eoatrolled oscillator
danps. Sf~~pl7 spak!.JII, eleetroatc tinepleeu rua at ratu that are
eitber too laat ~ too alvv.

o.,

Listratov aot .. that SoSet a!lit&rJ officers and pilots bad recently
ltartecl proridlq soae doc.uaeataUon OD UFO alpttnrs. As an u:uple, be
stated that be bad 4oc.ueentary tafornation re1ardina an eacoUDter betveen
Sodet aircraft and a UFO ower tb city of lortsov. 1'be erevs of tva
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Jodet aircraft reported eeiq & lar,. fi71a& d1Jt iD their YleiftitJ with
fin ltn of lipt
tiJic ~ its thr bns wre directed tovard
tbe JTOUDd ud two wre projected apvard nu tbe obje~t wu _first e1pted
fte J'l'OUDd ccmtroller tastnacted of tJte tlaes to alter its eoure ud
-.,proacll t.M object, at wlltcb point tlae diak gev to the e leel ad
a!Md e of Ju
at tlae appruchb& Inlet plDe, illualuttq the
CO"kpit. Ustrato cited tbe pilot' 101 u atatlq: t tlat tt.. , tile
..apllot wu at the
ottsenad tile MDeVftr tltat the oltjec:t laad
jut carded aut ad wu able to nise 11 '1ml to ahleld "iualf Ira the
bearable l!pt. !be aircraft co.uder-.. n.tiq' ill the ujolaiq
eeu, ad a r!Pt ny of ll.Pt, troJeetiac a apot wt til a dietu of 20
tJMten, tnssed aenas is Wy. th pilot fal.t at.

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l.ccorfiq to Llstrato, tlae aircraft ~er ucl Ida copilot htb

rae iJIYallds abortly after bc14at. fte copilot wu forced to
Juwe bls job tlue to a nctdea 41eteriontioD Ia
altll, bcl\adiq ~
1et of 8udde prolOI!Ied per!ocla Of 1011 Of CODidOUSDUS fte alruaft
co-.rader dlecl rithla a few aaoatt... fte cauae of 4uth wu ltatecl u
cacer, ud iJljury to the orpnln u a ruult of nd!aUoa froa an
aaideat!fied flyta, object was llatecl as a eoatrtbuttna fa~tor oa the
offic:!al aedical record ill the boap! tal where the eo"lder died, aceordlna
to l.lstratn.
4

..

L1stntOY told SOTSIAJ.tSTlCRESUTA IJmUSTIIY. that about 95 percet of

UFO si(htiaas could be explained, and tnestiratlons have often raled
t.hu to be buned-out rocket uaaes or the ranants of unsuccessful rodtet
laUDc.hu. It is the 5 percent that enaot be explained that is eauaiq all
tbe eo. .otion aaon1 Soviet cientists and ail1tary personnel. Instead of
tbe widespread skepUdn that he bad upec:ted vben be first beran to
tnterv1ev ilitary personnel, be noted that officers and toldiers bad told
bia about their ow enc:oUDters whb UFOs, and they bad even ahoVD bia
reports that bad been eoapletely filled out on official foras.
IOMSOMOLSlAYA PIAVDA of 7 October reported that the Soiet Uaion had
just opened an official center for the ltudy of uros la loacov.
fbysicists, c-olorists, astrononers, and psyeholocSsts are teachinr coures
011 the rious characteristics of the UFO that
been reported ud the
tJ'pU of equipaent DetUIU'J tO 1DYUt1pte UP0 1iptiq1.

Ita

_ . . On 9 October ~lle Solet D.vs qency TASS rllpc)rtet! that a UFO had landed
iD a park iD the dty of Voronezh. '!'ASS reported thet the object had bH.n
obserred by arny ri tause.s before t t left.

lOKSOMOLSJ.AYA PIAVDA of 12 Cktober reported that a ,roup of tdentlsts

..d !sited a field Ia Pe~ Oblast to lDestipte ctaias that a UFO had
landed ia that area aDd had left "hind a drcular taprusioD Muurlq 62

.. tars ia 41aneter.

IVEZD& of 13 October suaested that nss llysterla . .y be an

t.,ortant factor coatrlbutiq to the recut outburst of ridupread elalu
of ucounters w1 tb vros ill the ossa. &cc:odtac to the paper t ..ny eleaentl
of the Sodet Mdia nre fanaiDI tbls pbenoHnoD, whids lt ec.pared to the
'rsteria resultia& fron Orson Vellu' radio broadctt iD 1938 about an
inasiOD of tbe UDited States 'r extraterrestrials.
~TA

!be 19-25 Oetober Issue of POI~ carried an article contrutinr th~

Yievpoints of acJeatists froa the tvo cain Soiet iaat1tutes presently

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iD lD... tlcatiDI DrO reforts--tbe aevl:r . .tabllsbed c.nter for UFO

tucUu iD 0. Palace of Q&l ture of Pover JDaiaHrs lD

c:ov "" the
t'errutrlal lap~ti, IODOaphere, ad dio Va rro,..atioa 'talthute,
wJeh ... ruchu !a T.roltalt, Lniarnd, ude:Irbat81t. ft:ralcilt Yudy
flato of the 1'arrtrlal caetin Inttltlltldou DOt kUee the c.lalu
f dtisU no lataba O.:r ue fowul raDADU ID D:]o. .oralt of UJ'O
constructed 117 utratvrutriab, eM be f1 cODnacecf tbet tile Mterial.a
fomad at c.Ut site are rMll:r l:r tbe raauta of the ..-uccusful laach
~ a loYlet rocket iD tbat
. .lle't'U tllat ...., of the other
nporu ef IIOs an .. apla!aad ., tlae laablli t1 ef 1M ....nera to
l'ecoaidae tlae lliaanoa bOVD U 111 l.iPU.Sq.
lbe IOISl article eoetrut.a tatO't''s riri with tltat of uotber
flrJsic.al cJaatist, nacttelr beba, who wu reeutly eluted dalnta of
the 11ev .&11-Gaion Cosbatoa for the Study of Untcludfted fl71Aa Objects
of lite Union of SdenUfic ud lnJiaHdDI lodetles. ube:rha eoparecl
reports of a vro crub la tile 1JSSl vi th a ela!a .,. UPO etbuatu t1 I "
Vllhed Statu that a OfO Md enabH la the cleaert aaar loanll,
l~ico, !a 1947. le belie't'es there 11 suff1c1eat ldenea to support the
elaiu of UFO crubes ia botb ca1u-tn Dabe,orak. ead ia losvell. ID the
latter case, he cited tbt testiaoay of f1evita.sses Ybo aalataiaed tbat
they bad seen tbe bodies of four extraterrestrials lyiDI Dear tbe aaashecl
spacecraft. ccordiaa to Platov, bovever, the IJIVltDes in the losvtll
cue ven sis take. le bell tba t the object tba t crashed vu a USAF
uperisental roeket Yitb four lhesus sonkeys aboard ucl that the acddent
vas the result of an unauccusful lawu:h attMpt at tht clan of the space
era.
SOTSIALISTICBESRATA INDUSTlliTA of 21 October DOted that hundreds of
residents bad reported observlq a UFO in Ouk and tb.a t tny of tbue
eyewitnesses had reported tbe sirhtina directly to the paper's office in
Oask. the article included a report by an author1tat1 a111tary
officer, Kaj V. Locinov, wbo stated: I .ust tell JOU atralfbt off that
radar did aot detect this object, aad so I as reportiac lual
obse"atloa.s. TAt object wu pusina over at u altitude of aeeral
tiloeters. the Iaible ahiDlDC sphere appeared to M about oDe ud a half
ti ..s as larae as the aoon'a shape in the airht aky. four projectors--aoe
parallel and soae at eacles to tbe larth--vere eaatiDC
bricht beta.
tbt objett WU iD the f:leld of 't'iJion for about 5 oabiutu. .hovedq oveto
the civJl airport before descendina a little. then the projtctora were
tumed off aad a Yhirllac plu.e trail iutantaneously appeared around dli
ahinina aphere. the object bI&D to recede rapidly ia direction froa the
aortbvest to tbe t'lt at tbe
t l that flichts vert klq carried out
fro. a ae!pbodq air,ort. Pilots were able to obae"e It 1sually, IMit
they could aot detect It OD their radar
ladar a1rnals eould
aot be reflected froe tt. ftb object vu laecUatelJ reported up the
chab-of-eossaad, ud our eolluruu lD the Altay ..lray, la the area tovard
wbida the ob]ect flev, reported laaek to u ritbln 5 lnutu tbtt "ey bad
It uacler tnal obsenaUon. that anat tJtat it bad coredoa distance of
approxiaately 600 ltiloaeters at a speed of about 7,000 tilo. . tera per
fl:aer.

ry

..

Accordiac to toctno, all obserYation indicated that the object vas

OrO heine controlled by soae kind of lntelllaence and that it vas Dot
Hral7 aoae k.iad of anoaalous atsosphtric phuoauon

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of 21 ktokr nported tile nnlu of a

UGfve !a Petrou..,ocbt of
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Wftrioa ruclau Of deaee aDd te=!mo161J. fte aia topie of leudon
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