Hydraulic Calculation Cover Sheet

(For Process Buildings)

Project title
Calculation title

: Doha North Sewerage Treatment Plant and Associated Works

: Hydraulic calculation and analysis for Fire Fighting System
(Process Buildings)

Ref
: DNSTW_FIRE_CAL_002
Fire Protection Systems Hydraulic Analysis
The plant is provided with a dedicated hydrant system served by fire pumps located in the process area.
This is shown on dwg no. K654_402_02_0011 & 0013 and schematically in Figure 3, 4 & 5.
The fire pumps provided have the flow characteristics

5568.64 L/min @ 641.07 kPa

1471.24 gpm @ 92.96 psi

The hydrant network provides fire fighting water for the Workers Accommodation sprinkler system.
The hydraulic calculation was done in DNSTW_FIRE_CAL_001
(which is submitted on previous
submission Permit ID 16421)
Hydrant Network
The most remote point of the hydrant network is the Workers Accommodation.
The building requires 3 hydrants.
The flow rate for these are as follows.
Most remote Hydrant
500 gpm 1893 Lpm
2nd Hydrant
250 gpm 946 Lpm
rd
3 Hydrant
250 gpm 946 Lpm
Total flow
1000 gpm 3785 Lpm
The minimum pressure available at the most remote hydrant is 350 kPa (50 psi) as required by the codes
The flow characteristics required from the fire pumps considering the friction losses in the hydrant
network piping are calculated in DNSTW_FIRE_CAL_001 as 3785 L/min @ 551 kPa
Sprinkler Network @ Workers Accommodation
By observation the most remote 139m2 area of operation is located under the atrium ceiling (the highest point).
See drawing no: K654_406_02_4029
The actual area of operation is 145 m2.
The number of sprinklers in the area of operation is 16.
The minimum flow rate from each sprinkler, q is (4.1Lpm/m2 x 145m2)/16 spks = 37.16Lpm )
Using quick response sprinklers with K-factor of 8.06 Lpm/kPa, the minimum pressure required at the most
remote sprinkler = (37.16/8.0)2 = 21.24kPa
Based on this minimum pressure requirement at the most remote sprinkler and their elevation at 9.26m,
the pipe friction losses are calculated in DNSTW_FIRE_CAL_001 up to the connection point on the
hydrant network.
The minimum required at connection to hydrant network for the sprinkler system is 897L/min @ 288kPa.
The flow and pressure available at the connection is 1,893L/min @ 386kPa.

Sprinkler Network @ Dried Sludge Storage Building no. 14

(see Table 3)
Storage classified as Class IV Commodities.
By observation the most remote 186m2 area of operation is located far end of the building.
(NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.2 & FIGURE 16.2.1.3.2(g))
See drawing no: K654_406_02_2306
The actual area of operation is 186.9 m2.
The number of ceiling sprinklers in the area of operation is 20.
According to NFPA13, Curve A of FIGURE 16.2.1.3.2(g), High temperature ceiling sprinklers and Ordinary
temperature in-rack sprinklers will be used.
The design density is 15.9 mm/min (as per NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.2 & FIGURE 16.2.1.3.2(g))
40% reduced design density is 9.54 mm/min (as per NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.4.3)
The minimum flow rate from each ceiling sprinkler, q is (9.54mm/min x 186.9m2)/20 spks = 59.96L/min )
Using high temperature sprinklers with K-factor of 11.52 Lpm/kPa, the minimum pressure required at the
most remote ceiling sprinkler = (89.2/11.52)2 = 59.96kPa
The number of in-rack sprinklers in the area of operation is 14 (most remote seven on each two top levels)
Minimum discharge pressure for in-rack spk is 15 psi (103.5 kPa). (as per NFPA13, 16.2.4.4 )
Using ordinary temperature sprinklers with K-factor of 8.06 Lpm/kPa, the minimum flow required at the
most remote in-rack sprinkler = (8.06 x 103.51/2 )= 82.04 L/min
Based on this minimum pressure requirement at the most remote sprinkler and their elevation at 7.5m,
The pipe friction losses are calculated in TABLE 3 up to the fire pump
The total requirement up to the fire pump is 5568.64 L/min @ 641.07 kPa

Sprinkler Network @ Thermal Drying Plant

(see Table 4)
Hazard Classification = Ordinary Hazard Group 2
By observation the most remote 139m2 area of operation is located far end of the building.
See drawing no: K654_406_02_2509
The actual area of operation is 147.5 m2.
The number of sprinklers in the area of operation is 16.
The minimum flow rate from each sprinkler, q is (8.1mm/min x 147.5m2)/16 spks = 74.68L/min )
Using quick response sprinklers with K-factor of 8.06 Lpm/kPa, the minimum pressure required at the most
remote sprinkler = (74.68/8.06)2 = 85.77kPa
Based on this minimum pressure requirement at the most remote sprinkler and their elevation at 20m,
The pipe friction losses are calculated in TABLE 4 up to the fire pump
The total requirement up to the fire pump is 2438.84 L/min @ 590.38 kPa

Sprinkler Network @ Silo

(see Table 5)
Hazard Classification = Ordinary Hazard Group 2
By observation the most remote 139m2 area of operation is located far end of the building.
See drawing no: K654_406_02_2509
The actual area of operation is 140.3 m2.
The number of sprinklers in the area of operation is 16.
The minimum flow rate from each sprinkler, q is (8.1mm/min x 140.3m2)/16 spks = 71.02L/min )
Using quick response sprinklers with K-factor of 8.06 Lpm/kPa, the minimum pressure required at the most
remote sprinkler = (71.02/8.06)2 = 77.57kPa
Based on this minimum pressure requirement at the most remote sprinkler and their elevation at 27m,
The pipe friction losses are calculated in TABLE 5 up to the fire pump
The total requirement up to the fire pump is 2295.71 L/min @ 564.26 kPa

Conclusion
After series of hydraulic calculation, it is observed that high demand and high pressure loss required
at Dried Sludge Storage Building no. 14,
Therefore, the fire pump flow characteristics should be
5568.64 L/min @ 641.07 kPa

05-Feb-11

Hydraulic Calculation

REV

DATE

DESCRIPTION

TT
PREPARED

HK
CHECKED

GEK
APPROVED

CLIENT'S APPROVED

TABLE 3

Hydraulic Calculation
Hydraulic Calculation for Sprinkler System at Dried Sludge Storage Building No. 14

Ref: Step No.

Storage Commodities Class

Minimum Area of Sprinkler Operation
Actual Area of Sprinkler Operation (Ceiling Sprinklers)
Coverage per sprinkler, a
No. of sprinkler calculated
Design density
40% reduced Design density, D
Sprinkler discharge characteristics, K
K
p
Q
Nozzle
Ident. &
Location

Flow

Pipe
Size

Pipe Fittings & Devices

Qty

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

#2

q
Q
q

DN32

m2
(NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.2 & FIGURE 16.2.1.3.2(g))
m2 >186 m2
(See dwg: K654_406_02_2306 )
m2
nos.
(NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.2 & FIGURE 16.2.1.3.2(g))
mm/min
(as per NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.4.3)
mm/min
1/2
gpm/(psi)1/2 =
11.52 L/min/(kPa)
(NFPA 13 , clause 14.4.2.4.3)

Friction
loss / m

90 Std Elbow

1L
F
T
L

89.2
91.38 DN32

(kPa/m)
C = 120

10.7758 Pf
Pt

180.58

112.44 DN32

3 C = 120

4 6 in-rack
sprinkler

T
DN40

R/ Tee

1F

1.22
4.22

349.42 DN100

Q
q
Q

350.06 DN100

353.14 DN100
1867.29

Pe

521.65
1514.15

26.3858 Pf
Pt

3 C = 120

9.8071 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

q
qir

1L

293.02

642.44

Notes

0.2789 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

1.3624 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

(kPa)
59.96 Q = 9.35 x 15.9 = 89.2
p = ( 89.2 / 11.52 )

= 59.96
2.96
62.92 q =11.52 x 62.92 = 91.38
32.33
95.25 q =11.52 x 95.25 = 112.44

Pe

90 Std Elbow

293.02

Pt

Pe
1.01
1.01
2.9227 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

F
2

Pressure
Summary

(m)

F
#3

186
186.9
9.35
20
15.9
9.54
8
Q/ p
(Q/K)2
K p

Eqv. Pipe
Length

(L/min)
1 #1

IV

2.0078 Pf

79.16
174.41 Kc = 293.02 /
15 Kc = 23
41.39

174.41

230.8 q =23 x 230.8 = 349.42

0.84
231.64 q =23 x 231.64 = 350.06
4.09 Kir =

34.3
235.73 q =23 x 235.73 = 353.14
6.03
Page 4 of 15

6 6 in-rack
sprinkler

q
qir
Q
q

Q
8 2 in-rack
sprinkler
9 hose

533.32

Pe

2758.23

366.68 DN150

demand

183.03

F
T

1892.5 DN150

5568.64

T
DN200

5568.64

DN200

90 Std Elbow

4L

Gate Valve

1F

Alarm Check Valve

1T

90 Std Elbow

1L
F

5568.64

T
DN200

L
F

-ground
pipe
13 Under

5568.64

T
DN250

-ground
pipe

Q
15 Pump

Total Calculated Flow =

=

1L

Equal Tee (Flow thru branch)

1F
T

DN250

90 Std Elbow

5568.64

q
Q

90 Std Elbow

5568.64

14

0.7013 Pf
Pt

DN200
5568.64

3L

0.9471 Pf
Pt

68 C = 120

Gate Valve

1T

5568.64 L/min
1471.24 gpm

2.85
(As per NFPA13, Table 16.2.1.3.5 )

51.54

Pe

70

113.5

0.5328 Pf
Pt

528.49

Pe

15

18.6
0.4006 Pf
Pt
155.5 C = 140
Pe

550.95

12.5 C = 140
6.1

0.4006 Pf
Pt
234.5 C = 140
Pe
22.86
257.4
0.1210 Pf
155.5

17 C = 120

Pt

1892.5 L/min

60.5

7.46

62.3
613.25
-15
31.13
629.38
-25

0.1609 Pf
Pt
1.5 C = 120
Pe
27.14
28.64
0.5328 Pf

6.42

Total required head =

=
=

500 gpm =

397.99

Pe

39.86

1F

= 368.2

259.12 +500gpm for inside+ outside hose stream

138.87

62 C = 120

T
1L

2.11
256.27 q =23 x 256.27

2.0421 Pf
Pt

68

22.86

Alarm Check Valve

12.4
254.16 q =23 x 254.16 = 366.68

Pe

F
R/ Tee

241.76 q =23 x 241.76 = 357.62

qir = 34.3 x 241.76 = 533.32

Pe

-ground
pipe

3 C = 120

3676.14

12 Under

Q
q

368.2 DN150

11 Under

q
qir

stream
10

4.1319 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

3124.91

3 C = 120

Pt

357.62 DN100

610.8
15
15.27
641.07
641.07 kPa
64.11 mH2O
92.96 psi

Total required flow = 1471.24 gpm @ 92.96 psi

=
92.82 L/s @ 64.11 mH2O

Page 5 of 15

In-rack Sprinkler Calculation

Ref: Step No.

No. of In-rack sprinkler calculated =

Min discharge pressure for in-rack spk =
=
Sprinkler discharge characteristics for in-rack spk, K =

K=
p=
Q=
Nozzle
Ident. &
Location

Flow

Pipe
Size

Pipe Fittings & Devices

Qty

#b

90 Std Elbow

1.01
1.01

82.04

83.04 DN32

L
F

#c

q
Q

90 Std Elbow

256.3

1.22
1.52

521.65

T
L
F

521.65

521.65

Pe

7.6553 Pf
Pt
1.6 C = 120
Pe
6.2650 Pf
Pt
8.8 C = 120
Pe
1.6

6.2650 Pf
Pt
1.5 C = 120
Pe

1.5

T
DN65

20.5966 Pf
Pt

0.3 C = 120

T
L

2.4

F
265.35 DN50

DN50

2.5036 Pf
Pt
2.4 C = 120
Pe

2.4

Pt

T
1L

F
f

Notes

(kPa)
103.5 Q =8.064x 103.5 = 82.04

Pe

256.3
DN40

Pressure
Summary

9.1273 Pf
Pt
2.4 C = 120
Pe

91.22 DN32

q
Q

165.08

(kPa/m)
C = 120

1L

Friction
loss / m

(m)

DN32

nos.(seven on each two top levels) by NFPA13, 16.2.4.3.1

psi (NFPA13, 16.2.4.4 )
kPa
1/2
gpm/(psi)1/2 =
8.064 L/min/(kPa)

Q / p (NFPA 13 , clause 14.4.2.4.3)

(Q/K)2
K p

Eqv. Pipe
Length

(L/min)
#a

14
15
103.5
5.6

8.8

1.9760 Pf
Pt

2.53
106.03 q =8.064 x 106.03 = 83.04
21.91
127.94 q =8.064 x 127.94 = 91.22
49.44
177.38 Kir = 256.3 /
Kir = 19.3
11.64

177.38

189.02 q =19.3 x 189.02 = 265.35

-16
10.03
183.05
-25
55.14
213.19
2.97
216.16

The minimum required pressure at 'g' for in-rack sprinkler is 216.16kPa

The pressure available at 'g' is 230.8 kPa

Page 6 of 15

ISOMETRIC SKETCH_ FORM DRIED SLUDGE STORAGE BLDG (NO. 14)TO FIRE PUMPS

FIGURE 3

Page 7 of 15

TABLE 4

Hydraulic Calculation
Hydraulic Calculation for Sprinkler System at Thermal Drying Plant
Classification of Occupancies
Area of Sprinkler Operation
Actual Area of Sprinkler Operation
Coverage per sprinkler, a
No. of sprinkler calculated
Design density, D
Sprinkler discharge characteristics, K

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Ref: Step No.

K=
p=
Q=
Nozzle
Ident. &
Location

Flow

Pipe
Size

Pipe Fittings & Devices

Qty

#b

q
Q
q

DN32

#c

q
Q

#d

q
Q

#e

90 Std Elbow

F
T
L

74.68
75.61 DN32
150.29

92.13 DN40

104.1 DN40

F
T

T
DN50

R/ Tee

6.5314 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

431.45

Pe
1.01
1.01
2.1040 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

F
L

327.35

1L

12.0379 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

431.45

20.0632 Pf
Pt

4.5 C = 120

Pe

F
Q

Pt

235.22

Pressure
Summary

7.6724 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

84.93 DN40

(kPa/m)
C = 120

1L

F
Q

Friction
loss / m

Notes

(m)

F
Q

Q / p (NFPA 13 , clause 14.4.2.4.3)

2
(Q/K)
K p

Eqv. Pipe
Length

(L/min)

1 #a

Ordinary Hazard Group 2

2
139 m
2
2
147.5 m >139 m
(See dwg: K654_406_02_2509 )
2
9.22 m
16 nos.
8.1 mm/min
1/2
1/2
5.6 gpm/(psi)
=
8.064 L/min/(kPa)

4.5

4.4095 Pf

(kPa)
85.77 Q = 9.22 x 8.1 = 74.68
2

p = ( 74.68 / 8.064 )

= 85.77
2.13
87.9 q =8.064 x 87.9 = 75.61
23.02
110.92 q =8.064 x 110.92 = 84.93
19.6
130.52 q =8.064 x 130.52 = 92.13
36.12
166.64 q =8.064 x 166.64 = 104.1
60.19
226.83 K = 431.45 /

226.83

10 K = 29
19.85
Page 8 of 15

464.62 DN100

3 C = 120

896.07

466.02 DN100

3 C = 120

1362.09

q
q1
Q

DN100

Pe

3
1.1201 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

130.5

1492.59

DN100

L
F

Q
q

Q
8 Under

1492.59

946.25 DN150
2438.84

DN150

90 Std Elbow

9L

Gate Valve

1F

Alarm Check Valve

1T

90 Std Elbow

2L

-ground
pipe

9 Under

2438.84
DN200

R/ Tee

10 Under

2438.84

-ground
pipe

11

Q
12 Pump

1L

Total Calculated Flow =

=

3F

90 Std Elbow

3L

2438.84

q
Q

4L

Equal Tee (Flow thru branch)

DN200
2438.84

Total required flow =

=

Pt

1.55
258.23 q =29 x 258.23 = 466.02
3.37
261.6
q1 = 8.064 x 261.6 = 130.5
3.99
265.59
15.93
281.52 +250gpm for inside hose stream demand
200 (As per NFPA13, Table 11.2.3.1.2 )
87.94

Pe

15
5.09

0.0870 Pf
Pt
429.5 C = 140
Pe
76.2
505.7
0.0263 Pf
90

17 C = 120

7.83
597.38
-15
13.28
595.66

22.86

Pe

-25

0.0349 Pf
Pt
1.5 C = 120
Pe
27.14
28.64
0.1157 Pf

1.4

1L

Alarm Check Valve

1F

Gate Valve

1T

Total required head =

=
=

946.25 L/min

589.55

Pt

39.86

250 gpm =

569.46

T
R/ Tee

2438.84 L/min
644.35 gpm

256.68 q =29 x 256.68 = 464.62

0.3333 Pf
Pt
90 C = 140
Pe

9.76

T
DN250

5.5 C = 140
15.26

90 Std Elbow

2438.84

1.3267 Pf
Pt
134 C = 120
Pe
64.35
198.4
0.4433 Pf
12

T
DN250

1.3267 Pf
Pt
12 C = 120
Pe
3

T
F

-ground
pipe

0.5162 Pf
Pt

Q
5

Pt
Pe

572.06
15
3.32
590.38
590.38 kPa
59.04 mH2O
85.61 psi

644.35 gpm @ 85.61 psi

40.65 L/s @ 59.04 mH2O

Page 9 of 15

ISOMETRIC SKETCH_ FORM THERMAL DRYING PLANT TO FIRE PUMPS

FIGURE 4

Page 10 of 15

TABLE 5

Hydraulic Calculation
Hydraulic Calculation for Sprinkler System at Thermal Drying Plant (Silo Area)
Classification of Occupancies
Area of Sprinkler Operation
Actual Area of Sprinkler Operation
Coverage per sprinkler, a
No. of sprinkler calculated
Design density, D
Sprinkler discharge characteristics, K

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Ref: Step No.

K=
p=
Q=
Nozzle
Ident. &
Location

Flow

Pipe
Size

Pipe Fittings & Devices

Qty

#b

q
Q
q

DN32

#c

q
Q

#d

90 Std Elbow

F
T
L

71.02
71.91 DN32
142.93

98.29 DN40

322.06

R/ Tee

16.0230 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

11.6805 Pf
Pt
0.75 C = 120
Pe

0.75

T
DN40

Pe
1.01
1.01
1.9172 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

F
L

322.06

Pt

223.77

Pressure
Summary

6.9918 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

80.84 DN32

(kPa/m)
C = 120

1L

F
Q

Friction
loss / m

Notes

(m)

F
Q

Q / p (NFPA 13 , clause 14.4.2.4.3)

2
(Q/K)
K p

Eqv. Pipe
Length

(L/min)

1 #a

Ordinary Hazard Group 2

2
139 m
2
2
140.3 m >139 m
(See dwg: K654_406_02_2509 )
2
8.77 m
16 nos.
8.1 mm/min
1/2
1/2
5.6 gpm/(psi)
=
8.064 L/min/(kPa)

1L

11.6805 Pf

(kPa)
77.57 Q = 8.77 x 8.1 = 71.02
2

p = ( 71.02 / 8.064 )

= 77.57
1.94
79.51 q =8.064 x 79.51 = 71.91
20.98
100.49 q =8.064 x 100.49 = 80.84
48.07
148.56 q =8.064 x 148.56 = 98.29
35.05
183.61 K = 322.06 /

183.61

10 K = 24
8.77

Page 11 of 15

341.43 DN100

3 C = 120

663.49

342.18 DN100

3 C = 120

1005.67
343.79 DN100

Pe

3
0.6390 Pf
Pt
3 C = 120
Pe

L
F

1349.46

T
DN100

L
F

Q
q

Q
8 Under

1349.46

946.25 DN150
2295.71

DN150

90 Std Elbow

8L

Gate Valve

1F

Alarm Check Valve

1T

90 Std Elbow

2L

-ground
pipe

9 Under

2295.71
DN200

R/ Tee

10 Under

2295.71

-ground
pipe

11

Q
12 Pump

1L

Total Calculated Flow =

=

3F

90 Std Elbow

3L

2295.71

q
Q

4L

Equal Tee (Flow thru branch)

DN200
2295.71

Total required flow =

=

Pt

0.89
203.27 q =24 x 203.27 = 342.18
1.92
205.19 q =24 x 205.19 = 343.79
3.31
208.5
18.72
227.22 +250gpm for inside hose stream demand
275 (As per NFPA13, Table 11.2.3.1.2 )
44.39

Pe

15
4.55

0.0778 Pf
Pt
429.5 C = 140
Pe
76.2
505.7
0.0235 Pf
90

17 C = 120

Pt

7
573.16
-15
11.88
570.04

22.86

Pe

-25

0.0312 Pf
Pt
1.5 C = 120
Pe
27.14
28.64
0.1034 Pf

1.25

1L

Alarm Check Valve

1F

Gate Valve

1T

Total required head =

=
=

946.25 L/min

566.16

39.86

250 gpm =

546.61

T
R/ Tee

2295.71 L/min
606.53 gpm

202.38 q =24 x 202.38 = 341.43

0.2980 Pf
Pt
90 C = 140
Pe

9.76

T
DN250

5.5 C = 140
15.26

90 Std Elbow

2295.71

1.1010 Pf
Pt
52.5 C = 120
Pe
59.47
112
0.3964 Pf
17

T
DN250

1.1010 Pf
Pt
17 C = 120
Pe
3

T
F

-ground
pipe

0.2961 Pf
Pt

Q
5

Pt
Pe

546.29
15
2.97
564.26
564.26 kPa
56.43 mH2O
81.82 psi

606.53 gpm @ 81.82 psi

38.27 L/s @ 56.43 mH2O

Page 12 of 15

ISOMETRIC SKETCH_ FORM THERMAL DRYING PLANT (Silo Area) TO FIRE PUMPS

FIGURE 5

Page 13 of 15

Hydraulic Calculation
For Non-Process Buildings
Fire Pump Curve
As per NFPA 20, the pump's shutoff head will range from a minimum of 101 percent to a maximum of 140 percent of
rated head. At 150 percent of rated capacity, head will range from a minimum of 65 percent to maximum of just below
rated head.
Overall requirement
100% of rated capacity =
100% of rated head =
150% of rated capacity =
65% of rated head =
140% of rated head =

1471.2
92.96
2206.86
60.4
130.1

gpm
psi
gpm
psi
psi

Remarks:
The fire sprinkler pumps shall be UL listed and FM aprroved.

Hydraulic Calculation
for Non-Process Buildings
Fire Water Tank Sizing
Required flow rate =
Required pressure =
Type of Fire Fighting Pump
Type of Driven

=
=

1471.24
79.96

gpm
psi

(as per calculation sheet)

(as per calculation sheet)

Horizontal Centrifugal
Electric Motor Driven & Diesel Engine Driven

the duration of the water supply

=
60~90 mins
But if the area shall be provided by the fire alarm system as well, the lower duration value shall be permitted.
Therefore
the duration of the water supply
=
60 mins
Fire water tank is monitored by fire alarm system at all time and the main source of fire water is coming from TSE water
tanks which total volume is 30,000 m3.
The water capacity for the fire fighting system
=
1471.24 x 60
=
88,274.40 gal
3
=
334.15 m