CrraprEn V

Safety of navigation
Page
1

Application.

245

Definitions .

245

Exemptions and equivalents

246

Navigational warnings .

246

Meteorological servicesand warnings . . .

246

Ice Patrol Service

247

Searchand rescueservices

248

Life-saving signals

248

Hydrographic services.

248

10

Ships'routeing

249
250

11, Ship reporting systems

12

Vesseltraflic services

251

13

Establishmentand operation of aids to navigation.

251

14

Ships'manning

251

15

Principles relating to bridge design, design and arrangement of navigational systemsand

equipment and bridge procedures.

252

1 6 Maintenance of equipment . .
t 7 Electromagnetic compatibility
1 8 Approval, surveysand performance
t9

252
253
standards of navigational systems and equipment and

voyage data recorder.

253

Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systemsand equipment

254

79-1Long-range identification and tracking of ships

257

20

Voyage data recorders.

260

21

International Code of Signalsand IAMSAR Manual

261

22

Navigation bridge visibility

23

Pilot transfer arrangements .

26r
262

24

Use of heading and/or track control systems

264

25

Operation of steeringgear. .

264

26

Steeringgear: testing and drills.

264

27

Nautical charts and nautical publications.

265

28

Records of navigational activities and daily reporting

265

29

Life-saving signalsto be used by ships, aircnft or persons in distress

266

30

Operational limitations

266

31

Danger messages

266

243

ChapterV: SafetyoJnavigation
Contents
32

Information required in danger messages

266

33

Distresssituations:obligations and procedures.

268

34

Safenavigationand avoidanceof dangeroussituations

269
269

34-1 Master'sdiscretion.
35

269

Misuse of distresssignals

Appendix: Rules for the management, operation and financing of the North Atlantic Ice Patrol

244

270

ChapterV: Sat'etyoJnavigation
Regulation2

Regulation 1
.lpplication
I

Unless expresslyprovided otherwise, this chapter shall apply to all ships on all voyages,cxcepr:
.1

warships,navalauxiliariesand other shipsowned or operatedby a Contracting Government and

used only on Government non-commercial service;and

.2

ships solely navigating the Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and tributary
waters as far east as the lower exit of the St. Lambert Lock at Montreal in the Province of
Quebec, Canada.

However, warships,naval auxiliariesor other shipsowned or operatedby a Contracting Government and

rrsedonly on Government non-commercial serviceare encouragedto act in a manner consistent,so far as
:casonableand practicable,with this chapter.
2
The Administration may decide to what extent this chapter shall apply to ships operating solely in
\\-aterslandward of the baselineswhich are establishedin accordancewith international law.
3
A rigldly connectedcompositeunit of a pushing vesscland associated
pushedvessel,when designedas
.r dedicatedand integratedtug and bargecombination, shall be regardedas a single ship for the purpose of
ihls chapter.
4
The Administration shall dctermine to what extent the provisionsof regulations15, 16, 17,1.8,1.9,
}tl, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 do not apply to the following categoriesof ships:
.1

shipsbelow 150 grosstonnage engagedon any voyage;

.2

shipsbelow 500 grosstonnage not engagedon international voyages;and

.3

fishing vessels.

Regulation 2
Definitions
For the purpose of this chapter:
1

in respectof a ship meansa staseof construction where:

Constructed
.l

the keel is laid; or

.2

construction identifiable with a specificship begins; or

.3

assemblyof the ship has commenced comprising at least50 tonnes or 1.o/o

of the estimatedmass
of all structural material,whichever is less.

2
Nautical chartor nauticalpublicationis a spccial-purposemap or book, or a spcciallycompiled database
tiom which such a map or book is derived, that is issuedofticially by or on the authority of a Government,
.ruthorized Hydrographic Office or other relevant government institution and is designed to meet the
requirementsof marine navigation.*
3

AU ships meansany ship, vesselor craft irrespectiveof rype and purpose.

Length of a

means its length overall.

5
Searchand rescue
seruice.
The performanceof distressmonitoring, communication, co-ordination
and searchand rescuefunctions, including provision of medical advice, initial medical assistance,
or
rrredicalevacuation,through the use of public and private resourcesincluding co-operating aircraft,
ships,vesselsand othcr craft and installations.
6

High-speedcra;ftmeans a araft as defined in regulation X/1.3.

Mobile olfshore
drillingunit rrteansa mobile offshore drilling unit asdefined in regulationXI-211 .1.5.

Refer to appropriate resolutions and rccommendations of the International Hydrographic Organization concerning the authority
lnd responsibilitiesof coastaiStatesin the provision of charting in accordancewith regulation 9.

245

ChapterV: Safetyof navigation

Regulation
a

Regulation 3
Exemptionsand equiualents
The Administration may grant generalexemptions from the requirementsof regulati^ons15,-17, 18,
I
20, 22,' 24, 25,-26,27 and 28 to shipswithout mechanicalmeansof propulsion.
19 (except1.g.2.1,.7),
The Administration may grant to individual ships exemptions or equivalentsof a partial or.conditional
2
nature, when any such ship'is-engaged on a voyage where the maximum distance of the ship from the
shore, the lengtl and .ratiure oitf," voyage, ihe absence of general navigational hazards, and other
condiiions affeZting safety are such as to iender the full application of this chapter unreasonable or
unnecessary,proviied that the Administration has taken into account the eflect such exemptions and
equivalents may have upon the safety of all other ships.
Each Administration shall submit to the Organization, as soon aspossibleaftet 7 Januaryin each-year,
3
a report summarizing all new exemptions and equivale-ntsgranted under paragraph 2 of this regulation
du.ing the previou, ."rlend", y.". ".rd gining the reasonsfor granting_suchexemptions and equivalents.The
Orgaiization shall circulate such particulari to other Contracting Governments for information.

Regulation 4
Nauigationalwarnings
Each Contr actingGovernment shall take all stepsnecessaryto ensure that, when intelligence of any dangers
is received froni whatever reliable source, ii shall be promptly brought to the knowledge of those
concernedand communicated to other interestedGovemments.*

Regulation 5
and warnings
seruices
Meteorological
Contracting Governments undertake to encourage the collection of meteorological d*." 9Y sbips.at
I
,., "nd to arranfe for their examination, dissemination and exchange in the manner most suitable for the
use of meteorologicalinstruments of a
of aidinlgnavigation.t Administrations shall encou-rage-the
purpose
'lrign
d.gt.. of ^Zrut^Jy and shall facilitate the checking of such instruments upon request. Arrangements
for this checking to be undertaken, free of
-r:y b."rrr"de by app.opriate national meteorological t"*i..t
chargeto the ship.
In particular, Contracting Governments undertake to carry out, in co-operation, the following
2
meteorological arrangements:
.l

.2

To warn shipsof gales,stormsand tropical cyclonesby the issueofinformation in text and, asfar
as pracricabti, gtr;hic f"rm, using the appropriate shore-basedfacilities for terrestrial and space
radiocomrnunications services.
To issue, at least rwice daily, by terrestrial and space radiocommunication services,tras
appropriaie, wearher information suitable for shippingcontaining data, analyses,warnings-and
foi"."rtr of weather, waves and ice. Such informliion shall be transmitted in text and, as far as
iorm, including meteorological analysisa3f prgsnosis charts transmitted by
practicable, graphic
^diglt"l
form for reconstitution on board the ship's data processingsystem.
iacsimile o. in
the efficient .conduct of
To prepare and issue such publications as may be n^ecessary
-Q1
-eteorological work at seaand to arrange,if practicable,fo_rthe publication and making available
of daily weather charts for the information of departing ships.

world-wide Navigational'Waming Service adopted by the organization by resolution

ReGr to rhe Guidance on the IMo/lHo
A.706(17), as amended.
t Refer to the Recommendation on weather routeing adopted by the Organization by resolution A.528(13).
l Refer to regulationsw17.1'.4and IV/7.1.5.

246

ChapterV: SaJetyoJnavigation
Regulation6
.4

.5

.6
.7

To arrange for a selection.of ships to be equipped with tested

marine meteorologrcal rnsrruments

(such as a barometeL: b:l"g*ph. a,psychio-.t., ,nd ,r,ir"bl.

;pp;;;;;; il";'il.rrur,,.,g ,.,
temperature)for usein :,
this service,and to take, record and transmit meteorologicalobservations
at the main standard times for surface synoptic observations(i.e.
at least Fou. trmes daily,
whenever circumstance^s
permit) and to .r.orr"g. other ships to take, record and transmit
observationsin a modified form, parricularly-h.i in areas*d.r.
shipping i, ,p"rr..
To encouragecornpaniesto involve as many of their.ships as practicable
in the making and
recording ofweather observations;theseobservationsto be i."nr.rritt.d
,rring th. ,hii,s terrestrial
radiocomrnunicationsfacilities for the benefit of the various nattnal
meteorological
::_:1"*
serylces.
The transmissionof theseweather observauonsis free of charge
to the ships concerned.
When in the vicinity of a tropical cyclone,_orof a suspected
tropical cycrone, ships shourd be
encouraged to take and transmit their observations at more^frequent
irrt..u"i, whenever
practicable, beanng in mind navigationalpreoccupations
oF shipi' officcrs during srorm

conditions.

'8

To arrangefor the reception and transmissionof weather messages

from and to ships,using the
appropriateshore-basedfacilitiesfor terrestrialand spaceradioc6mmunications
services.
,9 To encouragemastersto inform ships in the vicinity and
also shore stationswhenever thev
experiencea wind speedof 50 knots or more (force 10 on the Beaufort
scale).
'10 To endeavour to obtain a uniform procedure-in regard to
the international meteorological
servicesalreadyspecified,and as far ai practicable,to lonform to
the technicai regulationsand
recommendations made by the 'World lVleteorologi cal Organtzation,
to -hi.h"Corro".rirrg
Governments may refer' for study and advice, ,.ry fr.t"o.olJgical
qu.stior, *f".r, may arise in
carrytngout the present Convention.
3
The information provided for in this regulation shall be furnished in
a form for transmission and be
rransmitted in the order of
prescriuea Uy the Radio Regulationr. n"ritrg rransmission"to
.priority
all
itations" of meteorologrgalinformatibn, forecastsand warningr,
Ill rhlp rt"ii"rrr-t.rr, conform to the
provisionsof the Radio Regulations.
4
Forecasts,warnings, synoptic and other meteorologrcal dataintended
for ships shall be issued and
'lisseminatedby the national miteorological servicein th-ebest position
ro serveu#o* coastat;;Jhigh
r2S2re2S,in accordancewith mutual arrangementsmade
by C'ontracting Governments, in particular as
'lcfined
-bv the vy'orld Meteorologi cal or{anization's system for the pt?p"orio" lnd dissemination of
rneteorologicalforecastsand warnings for the high seas,nd., the global
-r.itl-.
distressand safetysystem
GMDSS).

Regulation 6
IcePatrol Seruice
I
The Ice Patrol contributes to safetyof life at sea,saferyand efficiency
of navigation and protection of
rhe marine environment in the North Atlantic. Shios transiting the region
of icebergsguarded by the Ice
Patrol during the ice seasonare required to make u'seof the services
provided by the Iie patrol.

an.iceplt1ol anda servicefor studyand

1^""j1:S:lt:t^t5,9:l"tTT1t,_"ide^11ke.torcontinue
During
tr..
_r,or.iiir,; ;-;,;;,'i ..,;; ;h#;;;
;:'fltt;:**:
uT
rebruary::*:,"i,*.,.h..Ti11atuitic.
l
of
each^year;the
south-eiri..,r,
July
southern"nd ,o.rth-#;;#;ffi".il#
thrgugh
1t
rr

utluLJ

vt

Ltlg

regronor rcebergsrn the

Banks of
ofNewfoundland
Newfou,'ar""J
giandBanks
'r'albe
shall
u. gg"r'al r.iih" p.,.po,.
lclniry of the Grand
of
,"-1'^:*n1?*".1:..'l]1-:fjl.
rnforming
rlrrurrrungpassmg
passingsrups
ships-of
ol tlle
the extent
extent of thts
this dangerous
dangerousregion;
region; for
for the
the study
,t.ray of
or"iice conditions i1 g.r..al;

'rnd for the.purpose of affo^rdingassistanceto shipiand cre#s requiring

aid within the limits of operation of

the.patrolshipsand air'craftDuring the rest of the year the srudy and observarion"f i;;;;;tJ#rir"1u.
nraintainedas advisable.

3
Shipsand aircraftused for the Ice patrol Service.and rhe study and observation
of ice conditions may
be assignedother duties provided that such other duties do not interferc
with the primary puqpor" o,
increasethe cost of this service.

247

ChapterV: Sokty of navigation

Regulation7
The Government of the United Statesof America agreesto continue the overall management of the
4
oi
Ice patrol Service and the study and observation of [e conditions, including the dissemination
information therefrom.
The terms and conditions governing the management,operation and financing of the Ice Patrol are sct
b
operation and financing of the North Atlantic Ice Patrol appended
forth in the Rules for the -"nr!.-.nt,
part of this chapter'
integral
form
an
to this chapter,which shall
Il at a11yrime, rhe United States and/or Canadian Governments should desire to discontinuc
6
otpro.riding theie services, it may do so and the Contracting Governments shall settle the question
Canadian
and/or
States
The
United
io.rti.ruiig these servicesin accordancewith their mutual interests.
Corr..rr-Jnts shallprovide 18 months'written notice to all Contracting Governmentswhose shipsentitled
have
to fly thei. flag and whose ships are registeredin territories to which those Contracting Governments
these
services.
providing
extended this regulation benefit from-these servicesbefore discontinuing

Regulation 7
seruircs
Searchand rescue
Each Contracting Government undertakesto ensure that necessaryarrangementsare made for distress
I
at
communication and Jo-ordination in their areaof responsibilityand for the rescueof personsin distress
of
maintenance
and
operation
seaaround its coasts.These arrangementsshall inclu^dethe esiablishment,
having regardto the densiryof the
such searchand rescuefacilities", i.. dee-ed practicableand necessary,
adequatemeansof locarrng
provide
r."goi"g traffic and the navigational dangerr, "trd rhdl, so far aspossible,
and rescuingsuch persons.*
Each Contracting Government undertakes to make available information to the Organization
Z
concerningits existing"searchand rescuefacilitiesand the plans for changestherein, if any.
passengershipsto which chapterI appliesshallhave on board l Planfor_co-operationwith appropriate
3
searchand iescue-servicesin the event of an emergency.The plan shall be developed in co-operation
plan
berweenthe ship, the company, asdefined in reguhtLn]Xl!, and the searchand rescueservices'The
be
shall
plan
The
shall include provisions for p#odic exercisestJ be undertaken to test its effectiveness.
developed baied on the guidelines developed by the Organization.

Regulation 8
Life-sauingsignals
Contracting Governments undertake to arrange that life-saving signals ?... Yr..d by search and..rescue
facilitiesenlgag.din searchand rescueoperatiois when communicating with shipsor personsin distress'

Regulation 9
Hydrographicseruices
I
Contracting Governments undertake to arrange for the collection and co-mpilation of hydrographic
for safe
data and the pubTication,dissemination and keeping-up ro date of all nautical information necessary
navigation.
Inparticular, Contracting Govemments undertaketo co-operatein carrying or!, asfar aspossible,.the
2
aiding
foUo*i"g nautical and hydrographic services, in the manner most suitable for the purpose of
navrgatlon:
adequate to the
to ensure that hydrographic surveying is carried out, as far as
.t
requirements of safenavigation;
foliowing-resolutions adopted by
R.fb, r*1* I"rernarional convention on N,laritime Searchand Rescue (sAR), 1979, md to the
fJse of radar transponders for
A.225(VID),
(resolution
(SAR)
aircraft
rescue
and
of
search
capability
Homrng
the organization:
A.616(15)) and Intemational
(resolution
capabiliry
homing
searchand rescuepurpos.i 1r.'rot,rtionA.530(13)), Searchand rescue
A.894(21))'
(resolution
Manual
(IAMSAR)
Rescue
and
bearch
Maritime
Aeronauricaland
-

248

ChapterV: Sat'etyof navigation

Regulation10
.2
.3
.4

to prepareand issuenautical charts,sailingdirections,lists oflights, tide tablesand other nautical

publications, where applicable, satis$ringthe needs of safenavigation;
to promulgate notices to marinersin order that nauticalchartsand publicationsare kept, asfar as
possible,up to date; and
to provide data managementarrangementsto support these services.

3
Contracting Governmentsundertaketo ensurethe greatestpossibleuniformity in chartsand nautical
publicationr attd to take into account, whenever possible, relevant international resolutions and
recommendations.*
4
Contracting Governmentsundertake to co-ordinate their activitiesto the greatestpossibledegreein
order to ensure that hydrographic and nautical information is made available on a world-wide scale as
timely, reliably, and unambiguouslyas possible.

Regulation 10
Ships'routeing
I
Ships' routeing systemscontribute to safetyof life at sea,saferyand efEciencyof navigation and/or
protection of the marine environment. Ships' routeing systemsare recoffunended for use by, and may b9
inade mandatory for, all ships,certain categoriesof ships or ships carrying certain cargoes,when.adopted
.rnd implemented in accordancewith the guidelinesand criteria developedby the Organization.T
2
The Organization is recognized as the only international body for developing guidelines, criteria and
regulations on an international level for ships' routeing systems. Contracting Governments shall reGr
proposalsfor the adoption of ships' routeing systemsto the Organization. The Organizatton will collate and
disseminate to Coniracting Governments all relevant information with regard to any adopted ships'
routeing systems.
The initiation of action for establishing a ships' routeing system is the responsibiliry of the
3
Government or Governments concerned. In developing such systemsfor adoption by the Organization,
rhe guidelinesand criteria developedby the Organizationt shall be taken into account.
4
Ships' routeing systems should be submitted to the Organization for adoption. However,- a
(iovernment or Governmentsimplementing ships' routeing systemsnot intended to be submitted to the
Organization for adoption or which have not been adopted by the Organization are encouragedto take into
rccount, wherever possible,the guidelinesand criteria developedby the Organization.t
5
Where tvvo or more Governments have a corrunon interest in a particular atea,they should formulate
Joint proposalsfor the delineation and use of a routeing system therein on the basis of an agreement
:."t*eitr them. Upon receipt of such proposal and before proceeding with consideration of it for adoption,
:hc Organizarionahallensurethat detailsof the proposalare disseminatedto the Governmentswhich havea
.orrunon interest in the area,including countries in the viciniry of the proposed ships'routeing system.
6
Contracting Govemments shall adhere to the measuresadopted by the Organization co,ncerning
.hips'routeing. they shall promulgate all information necessaryfor the safeand effectiveuse of adopted
.hips' routeing systems.A Government or Governmentsconcernedmay monitor traffic in those systems.
(iontracting Gorr.rnmetrts shall do everything in their power to secure the appropriate use of ships'
:outeing systemsadopted by the Organization.
A ship shall use a mandatory ships' routeing system adopted by the Organization as required for its
7
.Jregory or cargo carried and in accordancewith the relevant provisions in force unless there are
.o-p"liing .easo.rsnot to use a particular ships'routeing system.Any such reasonshallbe recordedin the
.hipi'log.*
8
Mandatory ships' routeing systems shall be reviewed by the Contracting Government or
(lovernments concemed in accordancewith the guidelinesand criteria developedby the Organization.'i
'
Refer to the appropriate resolutions and recommendations adopted by the Intemational Hydrographic Organization.
Refer to the General provisions on ships'routeing adopted by the Organization by resolution L.572(14), as amended

249

ChapterV: SafetyoJnavigation
Regulation1 1
All adopted ships'routeing systemsand actionstaken to cnforcc compliancewith those systemsshall
I
be consistenl with lnternational law, including the relevant provisions of the 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea.
guidelinesand criteria shallprejudicethe rights and duties
l0
Nothing in this regulationnor its associated
of Governm""ntrrrnd..irrternational law or the legalregimesof straitsused for internationalnavigationand
archipelagicscalanes.

Regulation 11
Ship reportingsystems*
Ship reporting systemscontribute to safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation and/or
I
when adopted and implemented in
protection
'"..ord".r.. of the Larine environment. A ship reporting -system,
pursuant to this regulation,
Organizationt
by
the
with the guidelines and criteria developed
cargocsin accordancewith
certain
carrying
ships
shall be used by all shipsor cerrain caregoriesof shipsor
the provisions of each systemso adopted.
The Organization is rccognizcd as the only internationalbody {br developingguidelines,criteria and
2
regulations o"n "n internationil level for ship reporting systems.Contracting Governments shall refer
p."opor"l,for the adoption of ship reporting ryit.-i to tlre Organization.The Organizationwill collateand
to Contrictine GovernmentsJll relevantinformation with regardto any adoptedship reporting
iirr.-in"t.
system.
The initiation of action for establishinga ship reporting systemis the responsibilityof the Goverrunent
3
or Governmentsconcerned.In developingiuch systems,provision of the guidelinesand criteria developed
by the Organizationr shall be taken into account.
systemsnot submitted to the Organization for adoption do not necessarilyneed to
4
Ship reporting
"regulation.
However, Governments implementing such systems are encouraged to
comply *ittr ttrir
follow, wherever poisible, the guidelines and criteria developed by the Organrzatton.t Contracting
Governmentsmayiubmit such systemsto the Organization for recognition.
Where Nvo or more Governmentshave a corrunon interestin a particulzr area,they should formulate
b
proposalsfor a co-ordinated ship reporting system on the basis of agreement.befween them. Before
with a proposal for idoptlotr of a ship reporting system,the Organiz.ationshall disseminate
proi.editrg
'details
of ih. propor"l to those Go.rirnments whi;h [a,r. a common interest in the areacovered by the
proposed system.Where a co-ordinated ship reporting system is adopted and established,it shall have
uniform proceduresand operations.
After adoption of a ship reporting systemin accordancewith this regulation, the Government or
6
Governmentsconcernedshali take all -""i.rr., necessaryfor the promulgation of any information needed
for the ef6cient and eflectiveuse of the system.Any adoptedship reporting systemshallhave the capabiliry
Such systemsshallbe operated
ofinteraction and the abiliry ro assisrshipswith information when necessary.
in accordancewith the guidelinesand criteria developedby the Organizationt pursuant to this regulation.
The masrerof a ship shallcomply with the requirementsof adopted ship reporting systemsand report
7
to the appropriateauthority all information required in accordancewith the provisionsof eachsuch system.
A1l adopted ship reporting systemsand actions taken to enforce compliancewith those systemsshall
S
be consisteniwith inte.natiotrallaw, including the relevantprovisions of the United Nations Convention
on the Law of the Sea.
-

are
This regulation does not address'shipreporting s)istemsestabiishedby Governmcnts for searchand rescuepurposes,which
covered by chapter 5 of thc 1979 SAR Convention' as amended.
i Refer to the Guideline s and criteria adopted by the Maritime Safety Comrrrittee of the Organization by resolution Ir4SC.43(64),
reporting
as amended by resolution MSC.111(73|. Refer aiso to the General principles for ship.reporting.systemsand ship
marine
requirements, including guidelines for' reporting incidents involving dangerous goods, harmful substances and/or
poil.rt"trtr, adopted by the Organization by resolution A.851(20).

250

ChapterV: Safetyof navigation

Regulation14
g
guidelinesand criteria shallprejudice the rights and duties
Nothing in this regulation or its associated
rf Govemm&ts under internationallaw or the legalregimesof straitsused for internationalnavigationand
,rchipelagicsealanes.
l0 The participationof shipsin accordancewith the provisionsof adoptedship reporting systemsshallbe
:iee of chargeto the ships concerned.
l1 The Organization shall ensurethat adopted ship reporting systemsare reviewed under the guidelines
rnd criteria developedby the Organization.

Regulation 12
I'esseltrffic seruices
I
Vessel traffic services(VTS) contribute to safety of life at sea,saferyand efliciency of navigation anc
:.rotection of the marine environment, adjacent shore areas,work sites and ofTshoreinstallationsfrom
rossible adverseeffects of maritime traffic.
2
Contracting Governmentsundertaketo arrangefor the establishmentofVTS where, in their opinion,
:irc volume of traffi,cor the degreeof risk justifies such services.
3
Contracting Govemments planning and implementing VTS shall, wherever possible, follow the
rudelines developedby the Organization.* The use of VTS may only be made mandatory in seaareas
.i'ithin the territorial seasof a coastalState.
4
Contracting Governments shall endeavour to secure the participation in, and compliance with, the
:'r-ovisionsof vesiel traffic servicesby ships entitled to fly their flag'
Nothing in this regulation or the guidelines adopted by the Organrzattonshall prejudice the rights and
5
:trries of GJvernments under international law oi the legal regimes of straits used for international
:uvigation and archipelagicsealanes.

Regulation 13
of aidsto nauigation
and operation
F-stablishment
I
Each Contracting Government undertakesto provide, as it deems practical and necessary,either
:rdividually or.ir .o-oi.ration with other Contracting Governments,such aidsto navigationasthe volume
,iraflic justifies and the degreeof risk requires.
2
In order to obtain the greatestpossible uniformity in aids to navigation, Contracting Governments
.r'dertake to take into acco.rit the inlernational recommendationsand guidelinestwhen establishingsuch
,rds.
3
Contracting Govemments undertake to alrange for information relating-to aids to navigation to be
,1ade available6 ail concerned. Changes in the iransmissionsof position-fix-ing systemswhich c.ould
fitted in ships shall be avoided as far as possibleand only be
,J".^.ty aflect the performanceof recerrvers
,'tfectedafter timely and adequatenotice has been promulgated'

Regulation 14
S h ips ' m a n n i n g
I
Contracting Govemments undertake,each for its national ships,to maintain, or, if it is necessary.to
.idopt,measuresfor the pulpose of ensuringthat, from the point ofview of safetyoflife at sea,all shipsshall
'oe
sufficiently and efficiently mahned.I
Refer to the Guidelines on vesseltraffic servicesadopted by the Organization by resolution A.857(20).
systen'
Refer to the appropriate Recommendations and guidelines of IALA and to SN/Citc.1'07 , Maritinre buoyage
by resolutionA.955(23).
Refer to the principlesof safemanning adoptedby the organization by resolutionA.890(21), asamcnded

251

ChapterV: Safetyof naNigation

Regulation 1 5
Every ship to which chapter I appliesshall be provided mth an appropriatcminimum saGmanning
2
do.rr.r.nt or equivalentissu"dby the Administration asevidenceof the minimum safemanning considered
necessaryto cornply with the provisions of paragraph1.
On ail ships, to ensure cffective crcw pcrformance in safery matters, a working langrygg shall be
3
establishedand recorded in the ship's log-book. The company, as defined in regulatiolt.IXll,, or the
shallbe required-to
master,asappropriate, shalldetermine the ippropriate working language. Each,seafarer
If the
thatlanguage.
reportbackin
to
and
instructions
and
orde.r
give
appropriate,
unde.st"'rd a1d,^where
and
plans
fly,
all
to
is
entitled
the
ship
flag
whose
State
of
the
lJnguage
oificial
,rot
*n
i,
langgage
working
language.
working
the
into
a
translation
include
shall
t
"
posted
t"
lists reqirireJ
shall be used on the'bridge as the working languagefor
4
On shipsto which chapter I applies,English
"communications
as well as for communications on board
rafety
bridge-to-bridge and bridge'-to-shor.
"bridge
watchkeeping personnel,* unless those directly involved in the
b.#..r-, the'pilot and
comnrunication speaka common languageother than English'

Regulation 15
of nauigationalsystemsand
Priiciplesrelatingto bridgedesign,designand arrangement
and bridgeProcedures
equipment
All decisionswhich aremadefor the purposeof applyingthe requirementsof regulations1'9,22,24,25,27
and 28 and which affectbridge design,the designand arrangementof navigationalsystemsand equipment
on rhc bridge and bridge procedurestshall be taken with the aim of;
facilitatingthe tasksto be performed by the bridge team and the pilot in making full appraisaloi
.l
the situation and in navigiting the ship safelyunder all operationalconditions;

.2
.3

.5

promoting effectiveand safcbridge rcsourcc nanagement;

enabling the bridge team and the pilot to have convenient and continuous accessto essential
informa"tionwhict is presentedin a clear and unambiguousmanner, using standardizedsymbols
and coding systcmsfor controls and displays;
indicating the operational statusof automated functions and integrated components, systems
and/or sub-systems;
allowilg for cxpeditious,continuous and eflcctive information processingand decision-making
by the bridge team and the Pilot;
work and any conditions or distractionson
preventing or mininrizing excessiveor unnec-essary
,h" bridg." which -"y .irrr" fatigue or intcrfere with the vigilance of the bridge team and the
pilot; and

.7

ninimizing the risk of human error and detectingsuch error, if it occurs, through monitoring
and alarmiystcms, in time for the bridge team and the pilot to take appropriatcaction.

Regulation 16
of equipment
Maintenance
The Administration shall be satisfiedthat adequatearrangementsare
I
performanceof the equipncnt required by this chapter is maintained.

place to ensure that the

Except as providcd in regulationsIi7(b)(ii), V8 and I/9, while all reasonablcsteps^shallbc taken.to

2
that
mainrail ihe equlpm.n, ..qJi..a Uy ifrit chapter in efficient working order,^malfunctions of
in
ship
the
for
delaying
reason
as
a
or
unseaworthy
the
ship
"q"ip"*", shall noi be consiiered as making
master
by
the
madc
arrangcmnts.are
suitable
provided
repair facilitiesare not rcadily ",riil"bl.,
flrri*t1.."
safe
io t"k. the iloperativc equipnreutor unavailableinforrnation into account in planning and executing a
place.
voyage to a port where rbpairscan take
uscd in this rcspect'
ff* fifrfO S*iclard Marine Cornmr.rnicationPhrases(resolutiol'rA.918(22)), as anrcncled,rnay be
i l\efc,r to thc.Guiclelincson crllonon.riccriteriafbr bridgc cquiptnent and layout (MSC/Circ.9tt2) and the Performancestandardsfor
by resolution MSC'252(83).
IIIS (resolution MSC.64(67), i,r,rex 1) and for INS (resolution MSC.86(70), ant'rex3), as amended

252

ChapterV: Sat'etyoJ navigation

Regulation18

I{egulation 17
I : lcctromaE
cticcompatihility
I

Adnrinistrationsshall ensurc that all electricalancl clcctronic cquipnrclrt oll thc bridgc or in thc
. i,.ir., '.f rh. l.'iJ,rs, o1 sfiips constructedon or after 1
Jdy 2002, is tested for electromagnetic
)nrpatibiiiry,taking into accountthe recomneuclationsclevelopedby the ()rgauizatiou.*

2
Elcctricaland clcctrorriccquiprncnt shallbc so installcdthat clcctror-nagrrctic
intcrfcrcnccdocs not
'i.'ct the proper function of n:rvig:rtionalsystenrsanclequipment.
3
l)ortableclcctricalanclelectrorriceqniprnentshallnot be operatedon the briclgeif it nuy aflt'ct thc
:','Pcrlur-rctionof navigationalsystcl-ns
nnclccluipncnt.

l{egulation 18
lpproual, surueysand pe(itrrnanc(stdndardsoJ'nauigdtiottal
systemsand cquipment
,rrd uoya,geddta rect';rder
1 Systems
19 ancJ20 shallbe of a type
of regplations
andcquiprncntrequircdto nreetthe requirenrents
: ' l ' l - ( ) v cb( yl t l r e A d r t t i r r i r t r a t i t l r r .
where applicable,installedon or
2
back-LrparrangcmLrnts,
Systemsand equipnrent,includinq associatcd
::cr I July 2002 to pcrfonn thc functional reqnirenents of regulations19 and 20 shall conforrn to
not infcrior to thosc adoptedby the C)rganizatiorr.t
:.l.ropriateperfornrancestanclards
:t'rrtltheC]errer:r1rcqltircttrctrtstbrclcctrottr:rgrlcticcorrrpatrbiliwforlllclectric:r1 i
t ) r g ' r n i z : r t r o nb v r e s o l u t i o r r A . 8 ' 1 3 ( 1 9 ) .
. ri'r to the fbllon'inq recomrncndatiorrs edoptcd bv thc C)rglrization bv the resolutions indicetcd:
I{ccomnrenciations on gencral rccluircnrcnts firr shipborne radio cqLripmcrrt lornring p:rrt of the global nr:rntinrc clistrcssand
' . r t c q ' s , v s t c n r ( ( ; M D S S ) a n d f o r c l c c t r o n i c n l v i q a t i o n a l a i c ' l s( r c s o l u t i o n A . ( r 9 . 1 ( 1 7 ) ) ;
l{ccorlnrcnclltion
on perfbnuencc stancl:rrdsibr {r.ro-cornpasscs (r'csolutic'rnA.,12.1(XI));
l { c c o n r r n c n c l a t i o n o n p c r f o r n r a n c ' c s t : u r d l r c l sf o r r ; r c l a rc q r . r r p n r c r r t( r c s o l u t i o n M S C . 6 . + ( 6 7 ) , l r r r r e x . { ) ;
l{cvrsccl l{cconuncrrdation on perfonn:rnce st:urclarclsfirr raclar equipnrcnt (rcsolr,rtion MSCl.192(79));
l ) c r f o r r n a n c r - s t : r n r L r c 1 lsi r r a i r t o n r : r t i c r a t l a r p l o t t i r g a i d s ( r e s o l u t i o n A . t 3 2 3 ( 1 9 ) ) ;
l{cctltllnlctlt1atitlttottpct.forlll:tttccst:rtlt]1ards|clrelcctroIlicchlrtclisplar':rrrdilrforrrrati
\ . 8 1 7 ( 1 9 ) ) . r s : i n r c n d c r l b l , r c s o l t r t i o n s M S C l . 6 4 ( 6 7 ) , a n n e x 5 , a n c l M S C . 1 3 6 ( 7 0 ) ,a n n c x , l , e s a p p r o p r i r t c ) ;
l { c c o r l m c ' n d a t i o r r o r . ri l c c r l r : r c ys t a n c l a r c l fso r u : r v i g : r t i o n ( r e s o l u t i o n A . 5 2 9 ( 1 3 ) ) ;
l l . c c o r n n r c n d a t i o n o n p c r t b r n r : u r c e s t l n c l a r d s f b l s h r p b o n r c L o r a n - ( l a n d C l - r : r y k ar e c e i v e r s ( r " e s o l u t i o nA . 8 1 8 ( 1 9 ) ) ;
lleccltrrnrcnc1eticltltlltlper|orttrlttcest:rttd:rrdsfors1ripborncg1obalpclsitioniIrgs1.stctrrt.cccir-crcllt]iplr}cl]t D
i l()), rs :urrcrrdccb
i r, rcsolution MSC.1 12(73));
rcccivcr cquipnrcnt (r-csohrtion MSC.53(66) as
I{.ccontntencl:rtior.r on pcrtirnlancc steldarcls for shipbornc (IL()NASS
. r n r c r r d c ctl r v r c s o h t t i o n M S ( ) . 1 l 3 ( 7 3 ) ) ;
nreritinrc raclio bc:rcorr receiver
Ilecoluncndation
on perfbnrr:rncc stautlarcls tirr shipbornc l)Cil)S rncl D(lL()NASS
c q u i p n r c n t ( r c s o l u t i o n M S C . 6 1 ( 6 7 ) , : u r n c x 2 , r s a r u c n d c d b _ vr c s o l u t i o n M S C . l l a ( 7 3 ) ) ,
l { e c o n u l c n d a t i o r r c i r r p c r f o r n l r n c c s t : u r c l a r c lfsb r c o n r b i n c c l G P S / ( ; L O N A S S r e c e i v e r c q u i p t n c t r t ( r c s o l u t i o n M S C . 7 1 ( 6 9 ) ,
. r n n c r I , : r s : r n i e n c l e db v r c s o l u t i o r r M S C I . I 1 5 ( 7 . 1 ) ) ;
l\cconrurcnchtion on pcr-tbrnmnce st:urdarclslirr hcading contnrl svstellls (resolr-rtion MSCl.61(67), anncx 3);
l { c c o n n n c n c l a t i o r r o n p e r f b n r r : u r c c s t : i n d a r c ' l fso r t r a c k c o n t r o l s ) s t c l l l s ( r c s o l u t i o n M S C l . 7 - 1 ( 6 9 ) ,a n n e r ? ) ;
I{ccolllrltcnc.latiottolrpcrfbrtlratlccstlrlchrc1sfbr:rttnivcrs:r
MSCl.7'+(69),anncr 3);
C l r - r i c l c l i n eosr r : r r r r u . r r lt c s t i n g o f t h e : r L r t o n r a t i ci c l e n t i f i c : r t i o r rs , v s t c n r( A I S ) ( M S C . 1 / C i r c . 1 2 5 2 ) ;
l\ect.ltllrrreIlchtiotttltrpcriirrrllaltccstltl.rc1arc1s|orcchtl_s<lt.ttrdirrgcc1r-liprlrerrt(resclluticlnA.22.l(VII)' i
rcsolution MSC.7+(69). :rturcx -l);
I{ccolrurrctrd:rtiotlclltlpe.rflrtttattccstlltdardstilrdcr'icestcliuc]icltespccc1arlddistatrcc(rcsolutiorrA.82,+(19),esrlllclldct1bv
rcsolution MSO.96(72)) ;
l)crftlni:rncc stlncl.rrtls fbr rrtte-oi-tr.u-n inc'licators (rcsolr"rtion A.526('13));
s t e n c l : r r d sf i r r n a r . i g a t i o n r l e q u i p t r r c n t ( r c s o l u t i o n A . 5 7 5 ( 1 a ) ) ;
l\econrnrend:rtiou on unificrrtion oiperfonnlrcc
l \ c c o r n n r c n c l a t i o n o r r n r e t h o d s o f n r c a s u r i n g n o i s c l c v e l s a t h s t e n i n g p o s t s ( r c s o l r - r t i o nA . 3 4 3 ( l X ) ) :
l\ccotlrtrrcnt]:rtitlrrclIrperiilrtltltrccst:ttlr]:rrdsforradarrcfccttlrs(res<llllti<lll
l { e c o r n n r c n c l a t i o n o n p e r f i r n r r a n c r ' s t . u r r l a r t l sf i r r r n l t g n e t i c c o n r p : l s s e s( r e s o l u t i o n A . 3 8 2 ( X ) ) ;
l\cconrrnencl:rtior.r on pcrfirnrrarlcc stardarcls fbrclaylight siqnallinq lenrps (resolution MSC.9.r(72));
l { e c o r n r n c n c l a t i o n o r r p c r f i r n l a n c e s t l n t l a r c l s f i r r s o u n d r c c c p t i o r s v s r e n r s( r e s o l u t i o n M S C . 8 ( r ( 7 { ) ) , a r r n c r 1 ) ;
l{ccclt-tltt-tltt-Ilc]ati<ltiolrpcr|clnlrlttlc-c m u n
MS(l.li6(70). :urncr 2):
l{ccontrtrcndltron orr pcriirrnrencc st:urchrrls for vo),n!lc cl:rtarccorclcrs (Vl)l{s) (resolution A.l3(r1(2t)));
IlccotltltI.ltctlc1:rtiotrsclttpcr|crrtll:rtlccst:rtlcl:rrds ru

253

ChapterV: SafetyoJnavigation
Regulation19
3
When systemsand equipmcnt are replacedor addcd to on shipsconstructedbefore l July 2002, such
systemsand equipment shall, in so far as is reasonablcand practicable,cornply with the requirementsof
paragraph2.
4
Systemsand equiprnentinstallcdprior to the adoption of performanccstandardsby the Organization
may subsequentlybe exempted from full compliance with such standardsat the discretion of the
Adrninistration, having duc regard to the recornmendedcriteria adopted by the Organization. However,
for an clcctronic chart display and inforn-rationsystem (ECDIS) to be acceptedas satisfiiingthe chart
carriage requirement of regulation 19.2.1.4, that system shall conform to the relevant performance
standardsnot inferior to those adopted by the Organization in effect on the date of installation, or, for
systemsinstalled before l January 1999, not inferior to the performance standardsadopted by the
Organizationon 23 Novcmber 1995."
The Administration shall require that the manufacturershave a quality control systemaudited by a
5
competent authorify to ensurecontinuous compliancewith the fype approvalconditions.Alternatively, the
Administration may usc final product vcrification procedureswhere the compliancewith the rype approval
certificateis verified by a competent authority before thc product is installedon board ships.
Before giving approvalto systenrsor equipment embodying new featuresnot coveredby this chapter.
6
the Administration shallensurcthat such Gaturcssupport functions at leastaseflectivcasthose required br'
this chapter.
7
When equipment, for which performance standardshave been developed by the Organization, is
carriedon shipsin addition to thoseitems of equipment rcquired by regulations19 and 20, such equipment
shall be subjectto approvaland shall,asfar aspracticable,comply with performancestandardsnot inferior
to those adopted by the Organization.
The voyagc data recorder systcm,including all scnsors,shall be subjectedto an annual performancc
8
test.The test shallbe conductedby an approvedtestingor servicingfacility to verifi' the accuracy,duration
and recoverabilityof the recorded data. In addition, testsand inspectionsshall be conducted to determine
the scrviceabilityof all protective enclosuresand deviccsfitted to aid location. A copy of the certificateof
conrplianceissuedby thc tcsting faciliry, stating the date of compliance and the applicableperformance
standards,shall be retained on board the ship.

Regulation 19
systems
and equipment
nauigational
Carriagerequirements
;for shipborne
1

Application and requirements

Subject to the provisions of regulation 1'.4:

1.1 Ships constructed on or after 1 July 2002 shall be fitted with navigationalsystemsand equipment
which will fulfil the requirementsprescribedin paragraphs2.1 to 2.9.
1.2 Shiosconstructedbefore 1 Tulv2002 shall:

.t

strbject to the provisions of paragraphs1.2.2 and 1.2.3, unless they comply fully with this
regulation, continue to be fitted with equipment which fulfils the requirementsprescribedin
regulationsVl11,Vl12 andYl20 of the InternationalConvention for the Saferyof Life at Sea,
1974 in forcc prior to 1 JuIy 2002;
be fitted with the equipment or systemsrequiredin paragraph2.1.6 not later than the first surveyr
after 1 July 2002,at which time the radio direction-finding apparatusreferredto inY 112(p)of the
IntcrnationalConvention for thc Saferyof Lifc at Sea,I974Ln force prior to l July 2002 shallno
longer be required; and

Refcr to the Recommendation on performance standardsfor shipborne simplified voyage data recorders (S-\'DRt (resolution
MSC.163(78)), as anrendedby rcsolution MSC.211(81), annexes 1 and 2, Revised perfort.nancestandardsfor electronic chart
displayand information systems(ECl)lS) (resolution MSC.232(U2)), I{ecornmendation on perfomrancestandardsfor electronic
chirt display arrd information systems(ECDIS) (resolution A.817(19)), as amended, arrd Revised performance standardsand
functional requircmentsfor thc long-range identification and tracking of ships (rcsolutron MSC.263(84)).
* Ref.r to MSC.1/Circ.1290 on thc Unified interprctation of the tcrm "first survcv"referred to in SOLAS regulations.

)tr,,,1

of navigation
ChapterV: Sat'ety
Regulation19

.3

be fitted with the sysremrequircd in paragraph2.4 notlater than the datesspecifiedin paragraphs
2.4.2 and2.4.3.

Shipborne navigational equipment and systems

2.1 All ships,irrespectiveof size, shall havc:

a properly adjusted standardmagnetic compass,or other means, independent of any power
.l
supply, ro derermine the ship's heading and display the reading at the main steeringposition;
.2 a pclorus or compassbearing device, or other means,independcnt of any power supply, to take
bearingsover an arc ofthe horizon of360";
.3
.4

.b
.6

.7
.8

.9

meansof correcting heading and bcaringsto true at all times;

nautical charrs and nautical publications to plan and display the ship's route for the intended
voyageand to plot and moniior positionsthroughout the voyage;an electronic chart displayand
information ryit.- (ECDIS) miy be acceptedasmeeting the chart carriagerequirementsof this
subparagraph;
back-up arrangementsto meet the functional requirementsof subparagraph.4, if this function is
partly or fully fulfilled by electronic means;*
a receiver for a global navigation satellite system or a terrestrial radionavigalign_syste-m,or other
means,suitable"foruse at "11ti-.r throughout the intended voyage to establishand update the
ship'sposition by automatic means;
if less than 150 gross tonnage and if practicable,a radar reflector, or other means' to enable
detection by ships navigating by radar at both 9 and 3 GHz;
whcn the ship'sbridge is totally enclosedand unlessthe Administration determinesotherwise,a
sound reception systEm,or other means,to enablethe officer in chargeof the navigationalwatch
to hear sound signalsand determine their direction;
a telephone, or other means, to communicate heading information to the emergencysteering
position, if provided.

2.2 All shipsof 150 grosstonnageand upwardsand passengershipsirrespectiveof sizeshall,in addition to

the requirementsof paragraph2.7, be fitted with:
.1 a sparemagneticcompass,interchangeablewith the magneticcompassasreferredto in paragraph
2.i.I, or 6th"t -."trs to performlhe function referred to in paragraph2.1.1 by means of
replacementor duplicate equipment;
.Z a daylight signallinglamp, or other means,to communicate by light dyflS day and night using
an energy ,J.rr.. o? eleciricalpower not solely dependentupon the ship's power supply.
2.3 A11shipsof 300 grosstonnageand upwardsand passengershipsirrespectiveof sizeshall,in addition to
rrreetingthe requirementsof paragraph2.2, be fitted with:
.l
an echo-soundingdevice, or other electronic means,to measureand displaythe availabledepth
of water;
.2

.3
.4

a 9 GHz radar, or other means, to determine and display the range and bearing of radar
transpondersand of other surfacecraft, obstructions,buoys, shorelinesand navigationalmarks to
assistin navigation and in collision avoidancc;
an electronic plotting aid, or other means,to plot electronicallythe range and bearing of targets
to determine collision risk;
specdand distancemeasuringdevice, or other means,to indicate speedand distancethrough the
water;

.b

a properly adjustedtransmittingheadingdevice,or other means,to transmit headinginformation

f", i"p"i to lh" equipment refcrred to in paragraphs2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.4.

for
An appropriatefolio of paper nauticalchartsmay be used asa back-up anangementfor ECDIS. Other back-up arrangements
ECDIS-arc acceptable(seeappendix 6 to resolutiot'rA.817(19), as amended)'

255

ChapterV: Safetyof navigation

Regulation 1 9
2.4 All ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards engagedon international voyages-and cargo ships of 500
passengerships irrespectiveof size
grosstonnage and upiards not engagedon international voyage-s-and
rhall be fined with an automatic identification system(AIS), as follows:
.l
ships constructedon or after l }uJy 2002;
.2
ships engagedon international voyagesconstructed before l JuJy 2002:
in the caseof passengerships,not later than l July 2003;
in the caseof tankers,not later than the first survey*for saferyequipmentton or after l July 2003:
.2.3 in the caseof ships, other than passengcrships and tankers, of 50,000 gross tonnage and
upwards, not later than 1 July 2004;
.2.4 in the caseof ships,other than passengershipsand tankers,of 300 grosstonnageand-upwards
but lessthan 50,000 gros to.rnig., .rol hter ihan the first saferyequipment surveyl after 1 Jul)'
2004 or by 31 December 2004, whichever occurs earlier; and
.3 shipsnot engagedon internationalvoyagesconstructedbefore 1 July 2002, not later than 1 Julr'
2008;
the Administrarion may exempt ships from the application of the requirements of this pa_ragraph
when such ships wili be tiken permanently out of service within two years after the
.2 and -3;
implementation date specifiedin subparagraphs

.2.1
.2.2

AIS shall:

.2

provide automatically to appropriately equipped shore stations, other ships and aircrafi
information, including the ship'sidentity, rype, position, course,speed,navigationalstarus
and other saGry-relatedinformation;
receive automatically such information from similarly fitted ships;

.3

monitor and track ships;and

.t

exchangedata with shore-basedfacilities;

the requirementsof paragraph2.4.5shallnot be appliedto caseswhere internationalagreements.
rules olr standardsprovide for the protection of navigational information; and
AIS shall be operated taking into account the guidelines adopted by the Or.ganrzation.$Ships
fitted with RiS shall maiitain AIS in operation at all times except where international
agreements,rules or standardsprovide for the protection of navigational information.
.4

.6
.7

ofpara2.5 All ships of 500 grosstonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the r^equirements
paragraph2.4,have:
of
requirements
the
and
and2.3.5,
2.3.3
plragraphi
graph2.3,rvith the exleption of
a gyro-compass,or other means, to determine and display their heading by shipbornellon.l
-^."nr, being clearly readableby the helmsman at the main steering p-osition' These
-igtt.ti.
-.in,
shall also transmit heading information for input to the equipment referred in paragraphs2.3.2,2.4 and 2.5.5;
.2 a gyro-compassheading repeater,or other means,to supply headinginformation visually at the
emergencysteeringposition if provided;
.3 a gyro-compassbearingrepeater,or other means,to take bearings,over an arc_of the horizon of
.1- Iowever, shipsof
360', ,rringih. gyto-Jo-p"rr or other meansreferredto in subpa-ragraph
lessthan t,OOOgioss tontt"ge shall be fitted with such meansas far as possible;
rudder, propeller,thrust, pitch and operationalmode indicators,or other means,to determineand
display rudder angle, propell.r revolJtions, the force and direction of thrust and, if applicable,the
fotie a"d directio*nof later"l thrust and the pitch and operationalmode, all to be readablefrom the
conningposition;and
"first survey" referred to in SOLAS regulations.
ReGr to MSC.1/Circ.1290 an the Unified interpretation of the term
t Refer to regulation I/8.
1 The
the first periodical survey or the first renewal survey for safery
rtril safety equipmentsun)eymeans the first annual surven
is due first after l July 2004, and, in addition, in the caseof ships under construction, the initial survey.
.qrripir..,t, *tri.it."it
$ Refer to the Guidelines for the on-board operational use of shipborne Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) adopted by the
Organization by resolution A.917(22), as amended by resolution A.956(23)'
-

256

of navigation
ChapterV: SaJety
Regulation19-1
.5

an automatic tracking aid, or other means,to plot automaticallythe range and bearing of other
targetsto determine collision risk.

2.6 On all shipsof 500 grosstonnage and upwards,failure of one piece of equipment should not reduce
2.1.1,2.1.2 and2.L.4.
rhe ship'sability to meet the requirementsof paragraphs
2.7 All ships of 3,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of
paragraph2.5, have:
.1

a3 GHzradar or,where considered appropriate by the Administration, a second9 GHz radar, or

other means, to deterrnine and display the range and bearing of other suface craft, obstructions,
buoys, shorelines and navigational marks to assistin navigation and in collision avoidance, which
are functionally independent of those referred to in paragraph 2.3.2; and

.2

a second automatic tracking aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of
other targets to determine collision risk which are functionally independent of those referred to

in paragraph2.5.5.
2.8 Al1 ships of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of
paragraph2.7 with the exception of paragraph2.7.2, have:
.1

an automatic radarplotting aid, or other means,to plot automaticallythe rangeand bearingof at

least20 other targets,connectedto a deviceto indicate speedand distancethrough the water, to
determine collision risks and simulatea trial manoeuvre;and

.2

a headingor track control system,or other means,to automaticallycontrol and keep to a heading
and/or straight track.

2.9 All ships of 50,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of
'..aragraph
2.8, have:
.1

a rate-of-turn indicator, or other means,to determine and display the rate of turn; and

a speedand distancemeasuringdevice, or other means,to indicate speedand distanceover the

ground in the forward and athwartships direction.
"other means" are permitted under this regulation, such means must be approved by the
3
When
\dministration in accordancewith regulation 18.
.2

4
The navigational equipment and systemsreferred to in this regulation shall be so installed, tested and
:rraintainedas to minimize malfunction.
5
Navigational equipment and systemsoffering alternative modes of operation shall indicate the actual
:rrodeof use.
6
Integrated bridge systems* shall be so arranged that failure of one sub-system is brought to the
:nrmediateattention of the officer in charge of the navigational watch by audible and visual alarmsand does
:ror causefailure to any other sub-system.In caseof failure in one part of an integratednavigationalsystem,+
:r shall be possibleto operateeach other individual item of equipment or part of the systemseparately.

Regulation 79-I
Lttn!-ran[e identificationand trackingof shipsl
I
Nothing in this regulation or the provisions of performancestandardsand functional requirementsN
i.lopted by the Organtzatlon in relation to the long-range identification and tracking of ships shall prejudice
:he rights,jurisdiction or obligationsof Statesunder internationallaw, in particular,the legalregimesof the
:tigh seas,the exclusive economic zone, the contiguous zone, the territorial seasor the straits used for
:nternationalnavigationand archipelagicsealanes.
l{efer to resolution MSC.64(67), annex 1, Performancestandardfor integratedbridge systems.
I\efcr to resolution MSC.86(70), annex 3, Performancestandardfor integratednavigationalsystems.
l{efer to MSC.1/Circ.1298 on Guidance on the implementation of the LRIT system,as it may be revised.
ll.eGr to the Revised performance standardsand functional requirements for the long-range identification and tracking of ships,
Jopted by the Maritime SaferyCommittee of the Organization by resolution MSC.263(84), as it may be revised.

257

ChapterV: Sat'e$of navigation

Regulation19-1
shallapply to the following rypes
Z.l Subjectto the provisionsof paragraphs4.1 and 4.2, thrsregulation
ships- engagedon internationalvoyages:
passengerships,including high-speedpassengercraft;
.l
and upwards; and
.2 cargo ships,including high-speedcraft, of 300 grosstonnaget
mobile offshore drilling units'
.3
the.highand cargo^ships'
the passenger
2.2 The term ship,whenused in paragraphs3 to 11'-.2,
.includes
regulationthis
of
provisions
the
to
subject
are
speedcraft and the mobile ofthoie atlili'"g units which
to undertake the longThis regulation establishesprovisions to enablc Contracting Governments
3
range identification and tracking of ships'
information specifiedin paragraphi
4.1 Shipst shallbe fitted with a sysrcmto automaricallytransmit the
as follows:
.1 ships constructed on or after 31 December 2008;
.Z ships constructedbefore 31 December 2008 and certified for operations:
or
in seaareasA1 and A2, as defined in regulationsIV/2.1 .12 an:dIYl2'1"1'3;
-12, IV 12.1.I3 and IV/2' 1' 1{:
in seaareasAl, A2 andA3, as definedin regulations IY 12.1'
.z
2008;
not later than the first survelAof the radio installationafter 31 December
seaareasA1, A2' A*i
shipsconsrructcdbefore 31 December 2008 and ccrtified for operation-111
.3
14 and IVl2'1'15,not laterthan
and A4, as definedin regulationsIYl2.1,.I2,IV12.1..1'3,IV12.L
these ships shall comphthe first ,rr-.y of the rldio installarionafter 1'July 2009. However,
within seaareasA1' A2 and Aiwith the provisionsof subparagr:"pttZabovewhiist ihey operate
automatic identification system(AIS)' es
4.2 Ships,irrespectrveof the date of construction, fitted with an
sea area A1, as defined in regulation I\'
defined in regulation 19.2.4,and operateJ.".trrti,"ly within
regulation'
2.I.I2, shall iot be required to .ot-trplywith the provisions of this
transmit the following long-raner
Subjecrto rhe provisionsof paragraph4.1, shipsshallautomatically
b
identification and tracking information:
.f

.l

the identiry of the shiP;

.2

the position of the ship (latitude and longitude); and

the date and time of the position provided'

.3

this repplation shall conforrn to

Systems and equipment used-to meet the-requirements of
6
by the Organization'
r,"na"rii-"'nd functional requirements''l riot inferior to those adopted
p.rfor-"rr..
'a"t
Administration.
thc
by
,hipboard equipment shall be of a fype approvcdl
regulation shall be capableof beine
Systemsand equipment used_tomeet the requirementsof this
7
of long--1"tt*. identification and tracki.q
switched off on u"r.J'".-u. capablcof ceasingthe' distribution
information:
the protection of navigational
where international agreements,rules or standardsprovide for
.l
information; or
on
rypesof shipswhich are required to transrnitLRIT information
R.f.r a I\4SC.1lCirc.l295on Guidancein relation ro certain
eqrivalents and on certain operation matters, as it may be revised'
.;;pr;;;
to comply with the
f The grosstonnagero be used for determining whethcr a cargo ship or high-speed craft i1 required
on Tonnagc
Convention
International
ihe
provisions-of
tl.
"nde,
provisions of this regulation shall bc that a.r*-i".J
craft has bce'or is being constructed
high-spced
or
theihip
which
""
a"t.
th.
of
i;;;;il;tirr.
Measuremenrof Ships,
with the requirement to transnit
i Refer to MSC.l/circ.1307 on Guidance on thc surveyand certificationof complia'ce of ships
LRIT information, as it may be revised'
"first survey"rcferred to in SoLAS regulations'
$ Refer to MSC.1/circ.1290 on the unified interpretation of the term
and tracking of ships'
: R.fe, to the Revised performance
standards,nd functional requirements for the long-rangc identification
^S-;f.tC."r-tt".
revised'
be
may
it
as
.rf tt't. Organization by resolution MSC'263(84),
adopted by the Maritim.
be revised'
it
may
as
system,
LRIT
for
the
Refer ro MSC.1/Crrc.1259/Rev.2 on Inrerim ....ir.J technical specifications
.

258

ChapterV: SaJety
of navigation
Regulation19-1
.2

in exceotional circumstancesand for the shortest duration oossible where the ooeration is
consideiedby the masrerto compromise the safetyor securiry of the ship. In suchi case,the
mastershallinform the Administration without undue delay and make an entry in the record of
navigationalactivitiesand incidents maintainedin accordancewith rcgulation 28 sctting out tbe
reasonsfor the decision and indicating the period during which the systemor eqttipment was
switched off

E.l Subjectto the provisions of paragraphs8.2 to 11..2, Contracting Governments shall bc ablc to receive
.ong-rangeidentification and tracking information about ships, for securiry and other purposes* as agreed
r.r'the Organization, as follows:
. 1 the Administration shallbe entitled to receivesuch information about shipsentitled to fly its flag
irrespectiveof where such shipsmay be located,

.2

a Contracting Government shallbe entitled to receivesuch information about shipswhich have

indicated their intention to enter a port Aciliry, as defined in regulationXl-211.I.9, or a place
under the jurisdiction of that Contracting Government, irrespectiveof where such shipsmay be
locatedprovidcd they are not locatcd within the watcrs landward of thc basclines,establishedin
accordancewith international law, of another Contracting Government; and

.3

a Contracting Government shall be entitled to receivesuch infbrmatiotr about siripsentitled to

fly the flag of other Contracting Governments, not intending to cntcr a port facility or a place
under the jurisdiction of that Contracting Governrnent, navigating within a distance not
exceeding1,000 nautical miles of its coastprovided such shipsare not locatedwithin the waters
landward of the baselines, established in accordance with international law, of another
Contracting Government; and

.4

a Contracting Government shail not be entitled to receive,pursuant to subparagraph.3, such

information about a ship locatedwithin the territorial seaof the Contracting Government whose
flag the ship is entitled to fly.

8.2 Contracting Governmcnts shallspecifirand communicatcl'to the Organizationrelevantdctails,taking

.:rro account the performance standardsand functional requirements adopted by the Organization.i tc-r
- n;rblelong-rangeidentification and tracking information to be made availablepursuantto the provisionsof
r.rragraph8.1. The Contracting Government concerncd may, at any time thereaftcr,amend or withdraw
.rrch communication. The Organl.zatior shall inform all Contracting Governments upon receipt of such
- ()rnmunicationtogether with the particularsthereof,
9.1 Norwithstanding the provisions of paragraph8.1.3, the Administration shall be entitled, in order to
:ricet securify or othcr concerns, at any time, to decide that long-range idcntification and tracking
::rtormationabout shipsentitled to fly its flag shall not be provided pursuantto the provisionsof paragraph
..1.3 to Contracting Governments. The Administration concerned may, at any time thereafter,amend,
.uspendor annul such decisions.
9.2 The Administration concerned shall communicate, pursuant to paragraph9.1, such decisionsto the
r)rganization. The Organization shall inforrn all Contracting Governments upon receipt of such
.'ommunication together with the particularsthereof.
9.3 The rights, duties and obligations, under international law, of the ships whose Administration
.nvoked the provisions of paragraph9.1 shall not be prejudiced as a result of such decisions.
10

Contracting Governments shall, at all times:

.1

recognizethe importance of long-range identification and rrackinginFormation:

.2

recognize and respect the commercial confidentiality and sensitivity of any long-rangc
identification and tracking information they may receive;

i -'ti'r to resolution MSC.242(83) on lJse of the long-range identification and tracking infornratiorr for maritime safcryand
: : I t e environment protection puryoses,as it may be reviscd.
. r'ter to section 8.1 and appendix 1 of MSC.1/Circ.1298 on Guidancc on the implementation of thc LRIT systen, asit may be
: ..'cl.
. -'ler to the Revised performancestandardsand firnctional requiremcntsfor the long-range identification and tracking of sl-rips,
:.tcd by the Maritirne SafetyCommittee of the Organization by resolution MSC.263(84), as it lray be revised.

259

ChapterV: SaJetyol navigation

Rcgulation20
.3

protect thc inforn-ration they may receive fronr unauthorized acccss or disclosure; and

.4

Llsethe inforrnation they ntay receive in e rnrnrrcl consistent with internatiortal larv.

11.1 Contractirg Govcrnments shall bcar ali costs associatcd r,vith atry lon{-rarrgc idcntification and
tracking infonnation thev rcquest and reccivc. Notr,vithstatrding the provisions of paragraph II.2,
Contracting Govcrnments shall not impose any charges on ships in relation to thc lottg-range identification
and tracking infbrnration thc,v nray scck to rL-cL-ivc.
11.2 Unicss the national lcgislation of the Adnrinistration provides othenvisc, ships entitlcd to fly its flag
shall not incur anv charqes Ibr transrrritting long-rarrge identification and trackinc information in
corlpliancc u'ith the provisions of this regplatiort.
12 Notwitl'rstanding thc provisions of paragraph tl.l, thc search and rcscue sen'ices* of Contracting
Governr-nents shall bc cntitled to rcccive , free of rnv chrrges, long-range iclcntificatiotr :rttd tracking
inforrr.r:rtionin rclation to thc sc:rrchand rcscttc of pcrsons in clistrcssat scrl.
13 Contractinq Cloverrtrnenrs rllay report to thc Organization ally casc u{rere the.v consider that
provisions of this regulation or of any other related rccl.rirertnentsestablished b,v thc C)rgartization have not
bccn or arc not being obscrwcd or adhercd to.
14 The Maritin-rc Safery Clomnrittce shall detcrnrine the critcria, procedurcs atrcl arrartgclr-Ientsfor the
establisilnent, rcvieu, and auditj'of the provision of long-ranqc ider-rtificationancl trackitrs information to
Contracting Clovcrnrnents pllrsuallt to thc provisiorts of this rcgltlation.

Regulation 20
data recordersl
Voya,qe
t
To assist in casualty irrvcstigatior-rs,ships, whcr-r crng:rgedon intcrtraticlnal vo1,agcs,subjcct to thc
provisions of reg.rlation L4, shall be fitted rvith a vovalle ciata recorder (VDR) as fcrllorvs:
.1
.2

passengerships constructecl on or after 1 July 2(X)2;

on or after
ro-ro passcngcr ships constrlrcted befbrc 1 Julv 2002, not later than tirc' first sr-rrwcy$

1 Jtiy 2002;

.4

ships,constructcdbcfore 1 July 2(X)2,trot later than

ships,other than ro-ro passcnger
passenger
I J r r r r r r r y2 t t l t - l .: l r d
on or after
ships,othcr than passcngcrships,of 3,000 llrosstonnageand ttpurardscolistrucrted
1 July 2002.

cargoships,r,vhcnetruagcdon itrfcrrrrrtionllvovagcs,shallbe fittc.'l

To assistin casualtyinvcstigations,
2
be a sinrplifieclvoyagc data rccorder (S-Vl)l\)- .tsft'llou-s:
rvith a Vl)I{ lr.hiclr r-r'ray
in the cascof carsoshipsof 20,(XX)grosstonlragcattdupu'ardsconstructcdbeforc l July 2002,at
.t
the first schedulcddry-docking after 1 Julv 2(X)(rbut not later thatt 1 Jul,v2009;
in the cascof cargoshipsof 3,(XX)grosstonnascancluprvardsbut lcssthan 20,(XX)grosstonnagc
clry-dockingitftcr 1 Jul,v2007 but not latcr
consrrlrctcdbcforc 1 July 2002, at thc first schcclulccl
than 1 Julv 2010; and
-RefertoMSC]'l/(]irc.13()8oIr(]tlic1:rricetclscarchatrc1rescucscn'icesirrrclatitlri

as it nra,v bc lcvisccl.
r.
Ilcfer to rcsolution MSC.275(S5) on the Appoir)tlrent of thc l-l{IT Cloolclinrtor, ;rs it trtrv bc rcvisccl. to t}ic l{cviseil
pcrfirrrnance st:rtrdarclsatrcl fitrtctionel
\efc'rv Conunittee of tl're ()rqanizltiotr
therer'ier'varldatrclitoftlrcper1brrrrerrccofLRlTI)]ta(]eI]trcSulc]theltrtcrttlrtitlrrelLl{ITl)eteE,.rclrlrlgcsetouti11
clocr.rrncnt MSC lt6/26, as it ru:rv bc rcvisccl.
',' l\cfcr to MSCiCirc.l024
on (lurdclincs or) vovirlJc data recorclcr (VI)I\) orirrcrship rrrrd rL'covcn'.

"tlrst survcr'"rctct'rcclto in SOLAS rcquletiotrs.

of thc tcrnt
l\cfcr to MSC.1/Circ.129() on thc Unified intcrpret:rtic'rn
l{c|crtorcs<l1utiotlMSC.163(7|.l).I)crfbrttrlttrccstatrc]arc]sflrslripborrlesillrpliticd\.()\.l]lqccl]t]
.r' resolutionMSCl.214(lJ
l ).

260

ChapterV: Sat'ety
oJnavigation
Rcgulation22
Administrations may exempt cargo ships from the application of the requirements of
.1 and.2 when such shipswill be taken permanently out of servicewithin two
subparagraphs
.1 and .2 above.
yearsafter the implementation date specifiedin subparagraphs
3
Administrations may exempt ships,other than ro-ro passengerships,constructedbefore I JuJy2002
from being fitted with a VDR where it can be demonstratedthat interfacing a \rDR with the existing
equipment on the ship is unreasonableand impracticablc.

Regulation 21
InternationalCodeof Signalsand IAMSAR Manual
I
All shipswhich, in accordancewith the presentConvention, are required to carry a radio installation
shall carry the International Code of Signalsasmay be amendedby the Organization.The Code shall also
bc carried by any other ship which, in the opinion of the Administration, has a necd to use it.
2
All shipsshall carryan up-to-date copy ofVolume III of the InternationalAeronauticaland Maritime
Searchand Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual.

Regulation 22
N auigationbridgeuisibility
I
Shipsof not lessthan 55 m in length, asdefined in regulation2.4, constructedon or after l July 199tt,
shall meet the Followingrequirements:

.1

The view of the seasurfaccfrom the conning position shall not be obscuredby more than two
ship lengths,or 500 m, whichever is less,for-wardof the bow to 10'on either side under all
conditions of draught, trim and deck cargo;
No blind sector, causedby cargo, cargo gear or other obstructions outside of the wheelhousc
forward of the beam which obstructs the view of the sea surfaceas seen from thc conning
position, shall exceed 10'. The total arc of blind sectorsshall not exceed20". The clear sectors
betr,veenblind sectorsshallbe at least5o. However, in the view dcscribcdin .1, each individual
blind sector shall not exceed 5o;
The horizontal field of vision from the conning position shall extend over an arc of not lessthan
225", that is from right aheadto not lessthan 22.5" abaftthc bcam on either side of thc ship;
From eachbridge wing, the horizontal field ofvision shallextend over an arc of at least225 , that
is from at least45' on the oppositebow through right aheadand then from right aheadto right
asternthrough 180' on the sameside of the ship;
From the main steeringposition, the horizontal field ofvision shallextend over an arc from right
aheadto at least60' on each side of the ship;

.6
.7

The ship's side shall be visiblc from the bridge wing;

The height of the lower edgeof the navigationbridge front windorvs abovethe brrdge deck shall
be kept aslow aspossible.In no caseshall the lower cdge presentan obstruction to thc forward
view as describedin this regulation;
The upper edge of the navigation bridge front windows shall allow a forward view of the
horizon, for a person with a height of eye of 1,800 mm above the bridge deck at the conning
position, when the ship is pitching in hear,y seas.Thc Administration, if satisficd that a
1,800 mm height of eye is unrcasonableand impractical, may allow reduction of the height of
eye but not to lessthan 1,600 mm;

.9 Windows shall meet the following requirements:

.9.1 To help avoid reflections,the bridge front windows shall be inclined from the vertical plane
top out, at an angleof not lessthan 10'and not more than25";

.9.2
.9.3

Framing befween navigationbridge windows shallbe kept to a n-rinimum and not be installcd
immediately forward of any work station;
Polarized and tinted windows shall not be fitted;

ChapterV: Safetyof navigation

RegulationZ J
.9.4

A clear view through at least two of the navigation bridge front windows a1d, depending on
the bridge configurition, an additional number of clear-view windows shall be provided at all

times, regardlessof weather conditions.

Shipsconstrucredbefore 1July 1998 shall,where practicable,meet the requirementsof paragraphs1.1
2
and 1.2. Ho*.,r.., structural alierationsor additional equipment need not be required.
3
On shipsof unconventionaldesignwhich, in the opinion of the Administration, cannot comply with
this regulation, arrangementsshall be provided to achieve a level of visibiliry that is as near as practical to
that prescribedin this regulation.

Regulation 23
Pilot transferarrangements
1

Application

1.1 Ships engagedon voyagesin the course of which pilots are likely to be employed shall be provided
with pilot transferarrangements.
1.2 Equipment and arrangementsfor pilot transferwhich are installed on or after 7 January 1994 shall
compll.with the requirements of this regulation, and due regard shall be paid to the standardsadopted br'
the Orsanization.*
1.3 Equipment and arrangementsfor pilot transfer which are provided on ships before 1 January 1991
shall at l."rt .o-ply with tf,e requirementsof regulation 17 of the Intemational Convention for the Safeq'
of LiG ar Sea, 19i4 inforce prioi to that date,and due regardshallbe paid to the standardsadoptedby the
Organization prior to that date.
1.4 Equipment and arrangementswhich are repla6sdafter.lJanuary 1994 shall, in so far as reasonable
and pralticable, comply with the requirementsof this regulatlon.
2

General

2.1 A1l arrangemenrsused for pilot transfer shall efficiently fulfil their purpose of enabling pilots t9 gmfa1k
and disembarf safely. The appiiances shall be kept clean, properly maintained and stowed and shall be
regularly inspectedio .nrrr" that they are safeto ,tt.. They shall be used solely for the embarkation and
disembarkationof personnel.
Z.Z The rigging of the pilot transferarrangementsand the embarkationof a-pilot.shallbe supervisedby a
responsible;"fii;r having means of comminication with the navigation bridge who shall also arrange for
the escort of the pilot by*a saferoute to and from the navigation bridge. Personnel enpged in rigging and
operating "ny -ichanical equipment shall be instructedln the safeprocedures to be adopted and the
equipment shall be testedprior to use.
3

Transfer arrangements

3.1 Arrangementsshall be provided to enablethe pilot to embark and disembarksafelyon either side of
the ship.
3.2 In all shipswhere the distancefrom sealevel to the point of accessto, or egressfrom, the ship excee.ds
9 m, and *hen it is intended to embark and disembarkpilots by meansof the accommodationladder,orby
means of mechanical pilot hoists or other equally safe1nd convenient means in conjunction- with a.pilot
ladder, the ship shall carry such equip-.tit o.r each side, unless the equipment is capable of being
transferredfor use on either side.
3.3 Safeand convenient accessto, and egressfrom, the ship shall be provided by either:
.1 a pilot ladderrequiring a climb of not lessthan 1.5 m and not more than 9 m abovethe suface of
the water, so positioned and s'ecuredthat:
.1.1 it is clear of any possibledischargesfrom the ship;
-

to
Refer to the Il-ecornmendation on pilot transfer arrangements adopted by the Organization by resolution A.889(21) and
pilots.
for
arrangements
boarding
1,
Required
MSC/Circ.568/Rcv.

262

ChapterV: Sat'etyoJnavigation
Regulation23
. 1 . 2 it is within the parallelbody length of the ship and, asfar asis practicable,within the mid-ship
half length of the ship;
. 1 . 3 each step restsfirmly againstthc ship's side; wherc constructional fcatures,such as rubbing
bands,would prevent the implementation of this provision, specialarrangementsshall,to the
satisfactionof the Administration, be made to ensure that persons are able to embark and
disembarksafely;
. 1 . 4 the singlelength of pilot ladder is capableof reachingthe water from the point of accessto, or
egressfrom, the ship and due allowanceis made for all conditions of loading and trim of the
ship, and for an adverselist of 15'; the securingstrong point, shacklesand securingropes shall
be at leastas strong as the side ropes;
,2 an accommodationladderin conjunctionwith the pilot ladder,or other equallysafeand convenient
means,wheneverthe distancefrom the suface of the water to the point of accessto the shipis more
than 9 m. The accommodationladdershallbe sitedleadingaft. When in usc, the lower end of the
accommodationladdershallrestfirmly againstthe ship'ssidewithin the parallelbody length of the
or
ship and, asfar asis practicable,within the mid-ship half length and clear of all discharges;
.3 a mechanicalpilot hoist so locatedthat it is within the parallelbody length of the ship and, asfar
as is practicable,within the mid-ship half length of the ship and clear of all discharges.

Access to the ship's deck

for any person embarking on,

Means shallbe provided to ensuresafe,convenient and unobstructedpassage
or disembarkingfrom, the ship between the head of the pilot ladder, or of any accommodationladder or
other appliance,and the ship's deck. Where such passageis by mcans of
.1 a gatewayin the rails or bulwark, adequatehandholds shall be provided;
.2

a bulwark ladder, two handhold stanchionsrigidly securedto thc ship'sstructureat or near their
basesand at higher points shall be fitted. The bulwark ladder shail bc securelyattachedto the
ship to prevent overturning.

Shipside doors

Shipsidedoors used for pilot transfershall not open outwards.

Mechanical pilot hoists

6.1 The mechanical pilot hoist and its ancillary equipment shall be of a type approvcd by the
Administration. The pilot hoist shallbe designedto operateasa moving ladder to lift and lower one person
on the side of the ship, or asa platform to lift and lower one or more personson the sideof the ship. It shall
be of such designand construction as to ensurethat the pilot can be embarkcd and disembarkedin a safe
nlanner, including a safeaccessfrom the hoist to the deck and vice versa. Such accessshall be gained
directly by a platfomr securelyguardedby handrails.
6.2 Efiicient hand gearshallbe provided to lower or recoverthe person or personscarried,and kept ready
tor use in the event of power failure.
6.3 The hoist shall be securelyattachedto the structure of the ship. Attachment shall not be solely by
nreansof the ship's side rails. Proper and strong attachment points shall be provided for hoists of thc
portable type on each side of the ship.
6.4 If belting is fitted in the way of the hoist position, such belting shall be cut back sufficiently to allow
rhe hoist to operateagainstthc ship's side.
6.5 A pilot ladder shallbe rigged adjacentto the hoist and be availablefor immediate use so that accessto
it is availablefrom the hoist at^ny point of its travel. The pilot ladder shall be capableof reachingthe sea
level from its own point of accessto the ship.
6.6 The position on the ship's side where the hoist will be lowered shall be indicated.

263

ChapterV: SaJetyof navigation

Regulation24
6.7 An adequateprotected stowageposition shallbe provided for the portablehoist. In very cold weather,
to avoid the danger of ice formation, the portable hoist shall not be rigged until its use is imminent.
7

Associated equipment

7.1 The following associatedequipment shall be kept at hand ready for immediate use when personsare
being transferred:
.1 trlvoman-ropesof not lessthan 28 rnrn in diameter,properly securedto the ship, if required by
the pilot;
.2 a lifebuoy equipped with a self-igniting light;
.3

a heaving line.

7.2 When required by paragraph4, stanchionsand bulwark laddersshall be provided.

8

Lighting

Adequate lighting shall be provided to illuminate the transfer arrangementsoverside, the position on deck
wheri a person embarksor disembarksand the controls of the mechanicalpilot hoist.

Regulation 24
Useof headingandfor trackcontrolsystems
I
In areas of high tra{Ec densiry, in conditions of restricted visibiliry and in all other hazardous
navigationalsituationswhere headingand/or track control systemsare in use,it shallbe possibleto establish
manual control of the ship's steeringimmediately.
2
In circumstancesas above, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall have availablewithout
delay the servicesof a qualified helmsperson who shall be ready at all times to take over steering control.
The change-over from automatic to manual steering and vice versa shall be made by, or under the
3
supervisiono{ a responsibleofficer.
The manual steeringshall be testedafter prolonged use of heading and/or track control systemsand
4
before entering areaswhere navigation demands special caution.

Regulation 25
gear
Operationof steering
In areaswhere navigation demands specialcaution, ships shall have more than one steeringgear power unit
in operation when such units are capableof simultaneousoperation.

Regulation 26
Steeringgear: testingand drills
1
Within 12 hours before departure,the ship's steeringgear shall be checked and testedby the ship's
crew. The test procedure shall include, where applicable,the operation of the following:
.l

the main steeringgear;

.2

the auxiliarysteeringgear:

.3

the remote steeringgear control systems;

.4

the steeringpositions located on the navigationbridge;

.5

the emergencypower supply;

.6
.7

the rudder angle indicators in relation to the actual position of the

the remote steeringgear control systempower failure alarms;

.8

the steering gear power unit failure alarms; and

.9

automatic isolating arrangementsand other automatic equipment.

264

ChapterV: Sat'egof navigation

Regulation28

The checksand testsshall include:

the full movement of the rudder according to the required capabilities of the steering gear;
.2 a visual inspection of the steeringgear and its connecting linkage; and
the operation of the means of communication bet'uveenthe navigation bridge and steering gear
.3
compartment.
3.1 Simple operating instructions with a block diagram showing the change-over-proceduresfor remote
steeringg^.a..ontrol rytte-s and steeringgearpower units shall be permanently displayedon the navigation
bridge and in the steeringcompartment.
.l

1.2 All ships' officers concemed with the operation and/or maintenance of steering gear shal1be familiar
with the operatiotr of the steering systemsfitted on the ship and with the procedures for changing from one
systemto another.
In addition ro the routine checks and testsprescribed in paragraphs1 and 2, emetgencysteering drills
4
shalltake placeat leastonce every three monthsln order to practiseemergencysteeringprocedures.These
drills shaf include direct controi within the steering gear compartment, the communications procedure
with the navigation bridge and, where applicable, the operation of alternative power supplies.
The Administration mav waive the requirements to carry out the checks and tests prescribed in
5
paragraphs1. and2 for ships*hi.h regularly engageon voyagesof short duration. Such ships shall carry out
thesechecks and testsat least once every week.
The date upon which the checks and testsprescribedin paragrapht 1 "14 2 ate ceried out and the date
6
and details of emergency steering drills carried out under paragraph4 shall be recorded.

Regulation 27
I'Jauticalchartsand nauticalpublications
Nautical chartsand nauticalpublications,such as sailingdirections,lists of lights, notices to mariners,tide
tablesand all other nautical publications necessaryfor the intended voyage, shall be adequateand up to date.

Regulation 28
of nauigationalactiuitiesand daily reporting
Records
All ships engagedon intemational voyagesshall keep on board a record of navigational activities and
I
incidents *hi.h ri.-f i*portance to safetyof navigation and which must contain sufficient detail to restore
a complete record of the noy"g., taking into account the recommendations adopted bV tf9 Otganization.*
Wherr such information is noi maintained in the ship's log-book, it shall be maintained in another form
approved by the Administration.
48 hours, shall
Eachship of 500 grosstonnage and above, engagedon international voyagesexceeding_
2
it
and
all subsequent
retain
shall
which
IX/1,
in
regulation
asdefined
submit a daily report tJ its.o-priy,
provided that
means,
any
by
be
transmitted
m3y
reporls
Daily
daily reportr'fo.'ttr" duration of the voyage.
named the
p-osition
of
the
determination
after
practi;able
th.y ".. transmitted to rhe company "r'ro--onas
ln
of their
function
recording_
a
include
they
that
provided
,.ptrt. Automated reporting ,yit.-r may be used,
transmissionand thatihose Functionsand itrte.faceswith position-fixing equipment are subjectedto regular
verification by the ship's master.The report shall contain the following:

.l

ship'sposition;

.2

ship's course and sPeed;and

.3

detailsofany external or internal conditions that are affecting the ship's voyage or the normal safe
operation of the shiP.

Refer to the Guidelines for recording events related to navigation adopted by the Organization by resolution A.916(22).

265

oJnafigation
ChapterV: Sat'ety
Regulation29

Regulation 29
Life-sauingsignalsto be usedby ships,aircraftor personsin distress
An illustratedtabledescribingthe life-savingsignals.shallbe readily availableto the officer of the watch of every
ship to which this chapterapplies.The signalsshallbe usedby shipsor personsin distresswhen communicating
with life-savingstations,maritime rescueunits and aicraft engagedin searchand rescueoperations.

Regulation 30
Operational limitations
I

This regulation appliesto all passengerships to which chapter I applies.

2
A list of all limitations on the operation of a passengership, including exemptionsfrom any of these
regulations.restrictionsin operating areas,weather restrictions.sea state restrictions,restrictionsin
permissible loads, trim, speed and any other limitations, whether imposed by the Administration or
establishedduring the design or the building stages,shall be compiled before the passengership is put in
service.The list, togetherwith any necessaryexplanations,shallbe documentedin a form acceptableto the
Administration, which shallbe kept on board readily availableto the master.The list shallbe kept updated.
If the languageused is not English or French, the list shall be provided in one of the two languages.

Regulation 31
Danger messages
1
The master of every ship which meets with dangerousice, a dangerousderelict, or any other direct
dangerto navigation,or a tropical storm, or encounterssub-freezingair temperaturesassociatedwith gale
forci winds causingsevereice accretionon superstructures,or winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort
scalefor which no storm warning has been received, is bound to communicate the information by all
meansat his disposalto shipsin the viciniry, and also to the competent authorities.The form in which the
information is sint is not obligatory. It may be transmitted either in plain language (preferably English) or
by means of the International Code of Signals.
Each Contracting Government will take all stepsnecessaryto ensurethat when intelligenceofany of
2
the dangers specified in paragraph 1 is received, it will be promptly brought to the knowledge of those
concerned and communicated to other interestedGovernments.
regardingthe dangersspecifiedis free of cost to the ships concerned.
The transmissionof messages
issuedunder paragraph1 shallbe precededby the safetysignal,using the procedure
4
All radio messages
as prescribed by the Radio Regulations as defined in regulation IYl2.

Regulation 32
Informationrequiredin dangermessages
The following information is required in danger messages:
1

Ice, derelictsand other direct dangersto navigation:

.l

The kind of ice, derelict or danger observed.

.2

The position of the ice, derelict or dangerwhen last observed.

The time and date (Universal Co-ordinated Time) when thc dangerwas last observed.

.3
-

Such life-saving signals are described in the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Mangal,
volume III, Mobile Faciiities,and illustrated in the International Code of Signals,as amended pursuant to resolution A.80(IV).

266

ChapterV: Safetyof navigation

Regulation32
2

Tropical cyclones(storms):*
.l

A statementthat a tropical cyclone hasbeen encountered.This obligation should be interpreted

in a broad spirit, and information transmitted whenever the master"hasgood reason to believe
that a tropical cyclone is developing or exists in the neighbourhood.

.2
.3

Time, date (UniversalCo-ordinated Time) and position of ship when the observationwas taken.
As much of the following information as is practicableshould be included in the message:
barometric pressure,t preGrably corrected (stating millibars, millimetres, or inche-s,and
whether corrected or uncorrected);
barometric tendency (the changein barometric pressureduring the past three hours);
true wind direction:
wind force (Beaufort scale);
stateof the sea(smooth, moderate,rough, high);
swell (slight, moderare, hear,y)and the true direction from which it comes.Period or length
of swell (short, average,long) would also be of value;
true course and speedof ship.
Subsequent .rbservations
3
When a master has
_reporteda tropical cyclone or other dangerousstorm, it is desirable,but not
'rbligatov, that further observationsbe made and transmitted horily, if practicable,but in any case
at
rntervalsof not more than 3 hours, so lorrg as the ship remains undei the inlluence of the ,tot-.
4
Winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort scalefor which no storm waming hasbeen received. This
:' intended to deal with storms other than the tropical cyclonesreferred to in piragraph 2; when such a
'torm is encountered, the messageshould contain similar information to that listed urider the paragraph
but
crcluding the detailsconcerning seaand swell.
5
Sub-freezing air temperatures associatedwith gale force winds causing severe ice accretion on
iuperstructures:
.1

Time and date (Universal Co-ordinated Time).

.2

Air temperature.

.3

Seatemperature(if practicable).

.4

Wind force and direction.

Examples

Ice
T T T I C E . L A R G E B E R G s r c H T E Dr N 4 5 0 6 N , 4 4 1 0 W , A T 0 8 0 0 U T C . M A y 1 5 .
Derelict

T T T D E R E L T C TO
. B S E R V EDDE R E L T C A
T L M O S TS U B M E R G Er N
D 4006 N, 1243W, AT 1630UTC.
A P R T L2 1 .
Dangerto nauigation
TTT NAVIGATION. ALPHALIGHTSHIP NOTON STATION. 18OOUTC. JANUARY3.
Tropicalcyclone
T T T S T O R M . 0 0 3 0 U T C . A U G U S T1 8 . 2 0 0 4 N , 1 1 3 5 4 E . B A R O T I E T EC
g94
RO R R E C T E D
MILLIBARS, TENDENCY
D O W N6 M I L L I B A R S . W ] N D N W , F O R C E9 , H E A V YS Q U A L L S .H E A V Y
E A S T E R L yS W E L L .C O U R S 0
E6 7 , 5 K N O T S .
T T T S T O R I 4A
. P P E A R A N C E] S
N D ] C A T EA P P R O A CO
H F H U R R I C A N E .1 3 O OU T C . S E P T E M B E1R4 .
2 2 0 0 N , 7 2 3 6 W . B A R O M E T ECRO R R E C T E2D9 . 6 4 T N C H E S ,T E N D E N C D
y O W N. 0 1 5 T N C H E S .
W r N DN E' F O R C E8 ' F R E Q U E N R
T A r N S Q U A L L S .C O U R S E
035, 9 KNOTS.
'The
tetm,tropical cycloneis the generic term used by national meteorological servicesof the World Meterological Organization.
The terms huniune, typhoon, cyclone,seueretropicalstorm, etc., may also b-eused, depending on the geographiJal location.
+ The standard international
unit for barometric pressureis the hectopascal(hPa), which is numerically equivalent to the millibar
(mbar).

267

oJnavigation
ChapterV: Sat'etY
Regulation33
F O R I V I E DO' 2 O OU T C ' M A Y4 .
T T T S T O R I ' I .C O N D I T I O N SI N D I C A T E ] N T E N S E C Y C L O N EH A S
D O W N5 M I L L I I
'
I
I
L
L
I
M
E
T
R
E
S ,T E N D E N C Y
7
5
3
g
2
O
3
U
N
C
O
R
n
f
C
r
n
o
E. BAROI,IETER
1620 N ,
300, 8 KNOTS'
l l n i n B S . W r N DS B Y W , F O R C E5 . C O U R S E
T O S O U T H E A S To. 3 o o u T C - J U N E 7 2 ' I B 1 2 N ' 1 ' 2 6 0 5E ' B A R O I ' I E T E R
. YPHOON
T T T S T O R I ' IT
FRol'lN '
Fer,r,rNc RApTDLY. wrND TNCREASTNG
o.3 o o u r c . } ' l A Y4 - 4 8 3 0 N ' 3 0
T T T s r o R l , r . w r N D F o R C E1 1 , N o s r o R r { w A R N T N G R E C E T v E4DMTLLTBARS
. wrND SW' FORCE
DowN
w. BAR.'''ETERcoRRECTEDsb: MTLT,iBARS. tlnuoBxcy
K
N
O
T
S
.
260, 6
1 1 V E E R I N G .C O U R S E
Icinp
S E V E R EI C I N G . 1 4 O OU T C . M A R C H 2 ' 6 9 N ' 1 0 1 { ' A I R T E I ' l P E R A T U R E
TTT EXPERIENCING
F o R C8
E'

i e J r ( - : 7 e ; c l - s n a r B l l p n n a C u n2ng ' F ( - 7 . 7 ' c ) . w r N D N E ,

Regulation 33
andprocedures
: obligations
situations
Dis=tress
provide assistance'on receiving
The master of a ship at seawhich is in a position to be able to
t
is bound to-proccedwith all-speedto their
information from any sourcethat personsare in distressat sea,
service tliat the ship is doing t"' 1l]:
assistance,if possibleinforming them or the searchand rescue
regardlessof the nationality or status of such persons or the
io'pro.rid. assistancle
;G;;;;;
?pplies
distressalert is unable or, in the special
circumsrancesin which ,tr.y "r. ro"ra. If fire ship receiving the
to proceed to their assistance'the
circumstancesof the case,considersit unrearo,t,bl" ot t"t""t""aryto iht assistanceof the perso-nsin
masrer must enter in ih. iog-book the reason for failing to proceed
tton to inform the appropriate searchand
distress,taking into account ile recom-endation of the Srgaii"
rescueserviceaccordinglY.
ensurethat mastersof shipsproviding
l-l Contracting Governmentsshall co-ordinate and co-operateto
obligations with minimum further
their
from
assistanceby embarki"g p..*m in distressat seaare .el."se'd
master of the -ship from the
the
releasing
deviation from the ,frifr' intended ,roy"j.,- provided that
of life at sea'The contracting
the-safery
th. .rr'rrentregulatior do".r'rot further endanger
;;i[;;;r;rrd".
is renderedshallexercise
assistance
such
whi'ch
Government responsiblefor thJsear.h "nJ rescueregion in
so that survivorsassisted
o::urs.'
co-operation
,.r.h co-ordinati"onand
primary responsibili;fb;;;;;;i,rj
account the particular
into
takingsafety,
of
ire disembarked from the assisting"shipanJ deLvered to a place
casesthe relevant
these
In
organization'*
circumstancesof the ;;;.;";
frria.i".t developed byittg
as reasonably
as
soon
eflected
be
to
contracting Governments shall arrange for ,rr.h dire-barkatio"n
practicable.
after consultation,so far as
The masterof a ship in distressor the searchand rescueserviceconcerned,
2
alert, hasthe right to requisition one or
*ry U. porrift., *ithlhi mastersof shipswhich answerthe distress
and rescueserviceconsidersbest able
more of those shipsas the masterof the rtrip it-rJirtressor the search
shipsrequisitioned to
and it shall be the duty of the master or,mastersof the ship or
ro render assistance,
of personsin distress'
to the assistance
comply with the requisition by continui.rg lo pro..ed with all speed
paragraph1 on learning that their
Mastersof ships shall be releasedfrom the obligation imposed by ^have
3
been requisitioned and are
ships
ships have not been requisitioned.and .that one or -or. otih.,
be comhunicated to the other requisitioned
complyingwith the requisition. This decirion shall,ifpossible,
shipi and to the searchand rescueservice'
by patagraph1 and, if his ship has
The masterof a ship shallbe releasedfrom the obligationim-posed
4
informed by the personstn
being
2
on
been requisitioned, from the obligation imposed by p"-tagraph
hasreachedsuch persons
which
ship
"trother
distressor by the searcha.rdrescueierviceor'by the -"rt"t"of
is no longer necessary'
that assistance
for the Unification of Certain
The provisions of this regulation do not prejudice the Convention
b
at sea, adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the
Refer to the Guideiines on the treatment of persons rescued
Organization by resolution MSC. 167(78)'
-

268

ChapterV: SaJetyoJnavigation
Regulation35
l{ules of Law relating to Assistanceand Salvageat Sea, signed at Brussels on 23 September 1910,
imposed by article 11 of that Convention.*
particular\ the obligation to render assistance
6
Mastersof shipswho have embarkedpersonsin distressat seashall treat them with humanity, within
the capabilitiesand limitations of the ship.

Regulation 34
situations
of dangerous
Safenauigationand auoidance
1
Prior to proceedingto sea,the mastershallensurethat the intendedvoyagehasbeen plannedusing the
appropriate nautical charts and nautical publications for the area concerned, taking into account the
guidefitres and recommendations developed by the Organization.f
2

The voyage plan shall identify a route which:

.l
takesinto account any relevant ships' routeing systems;
.2
.3
.4

ensuressuficient searoom for the safepassageof the ship throughout the voyage;
anticipatesall known navigational hazardsand adverseweather conditions; and
takesinto account the marine environmental protection measuresthat apply, and avoids, asfar as
possible,actions and activitieswhich could causedamageto the environment.

Regulation 34-l
Master'sdiscretion
The owner, the charterer,the companyoperatingthe ship asdefinedin regulationIX/1, or any other person
shall not prevent or restrict the master of the ship from taking or executing any decision which, in the
judgement, is necessary
for safetyofliG at seaand protection of the marine environment.
rnaster'spiofessional

Regulation 35
signals
Misuseof distress
The use of an international distresssignal,except for the pu{poseof indicating that a person or personsare
in distress,and the use of any signal which may be confused with an international distresssignal are
prohibited.

International Convention on Salvage,1989, done at London on 28 April 1989, entered into force on 14 luly 1'996
Refer to the Guidelines for voyage planning adopted by the Organization by resolution A.893(21).

269

ChapterV: Sat'etyoJnavigation
Appendixto chapterV

Appendix to chapter V
operatilnandfinancingof
Rulesfor the management,
the North Atlantic IcePatrol
l

n theseRules:

.t
.2

Ice seasonmeansthe annual period berween 15 Februaryand 1July.

guardedby the Ice Patrol meansthe south-eastern,southem and south-western
Regionof icebergs
limits of the region of icebergs in the viciniry of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.

.3 Routespassingthroughregionsof kebergsguardedby the Ice Patrol means:

.3.1 routes berween Atlantic coast ports of Canada (including inland ports approachedfrom the

.3.2

.3.3

.3.4

North Atlantic through the Gut of Canso and Cabot Straits)and ports of Europe, Asia or
Africa approachedfrom the North Atlantic through or north of the Straits of Gibraltar (except
routes which passsouth of the extreme limits of ice of all types);
routes via Cape Race, New{oundland, between Atlantic coast ports of Canada (including
inland ports approachedfrom the North Atlantic through the Gut of Canso and Cabot Straits)
west of Cape Race, Newfoundland, and Atlantic coastports of Canadanorth of Cape Race,
Newfoundland;
routes befween Atlantic and Gulf Coast ports of the United Statesof America (including
inland ports approachedfrom the North Atlantic through the Gut of Canso and Cabot Straits)
and ports of Europe, Asia or Africa approachedfrom the North Atlantic through or north of
the Straitsof Gibraltar (exceptrouteswhich passsouth of the extreme limits of ice of all types);
routes via Cape Race, New{oundland, between Atlantic and Gulf Coast ports of the United
Statesof America (including inland ports approached from the North Atlantic through the
Gut of Canso and Cabot Straits)and Atlantic Coast ports of Canada north of Cape Race,
Newfoundland.
Extremelimits of iceof all typesin the North Atlantic Ocean is defined by a line connecting the

following points:
A
42" 23'.00N,
B
41,"23'.00N,
40"47'.00N,
c
D
40" 07' .00N,
39' 18' .00N,
E
38' 00' .00N,
F
N,
37" 41.'.00
G
H
38' 00' .00N,
I
39" 05' .00N,

59" 25' .00W

57" 00,'00W
55' 00'.00w
53" 00'.00w
49' 39' .00W
47' 35' .00W
46" 40' .00W
45' 33' .00W
43' 00' .00w

K
L
M N

39" 49'.00N,
40" 39' .00N.
N,
41' 1,9'.00
43" 00'.00N,
44" 00'.00N,
46' 00'.00N,
48' 00'.00N,
50' 00'.00N,
57' 25'.00N,

41" 00' .00w

39' 00' .00w
3Bo00' .00w
37027'.00w
37029' .00w
37' 55' .00W
3Bo28' .00w
39' 07'.00w
39' 45' .00W.

Managingand operatingmeansmaintaining, administering and operating the Ice Patrol, including

the dissemination of information received therefrom.
Contributing Couernmentmeans a Contracting Government undertaking to contribute to the
costsof the Ice Patrol Servicepursuant to theseRules.
Each Contracting Government specially interested in these serviceswhose ships pass through the
2
region of icebergsduring the ice seasonundertakesto contribute to the Government of the United Statesof
America its proportionate shareof the costsfor the managementand operation of the Ice Patrol Service.
The contribution to the Government of the United StatesofAmerica shallbe basedon the ratio which the
average annual gross tonnage of that contributing Government's ships passing through the region of
icebeigs guarded by the Ice Patrol during the previous three ice seasonsbearsto the combined average

270

ChapterV: SaJegof navigation

Appendixto chapterV
.urnualgrosstonnageof all shipsthat passedthrough the region of icebergsguardedby the Ice Patrol during
rhe previous three ice seasons.
3
All contributions shall be calculatedby multiplying the ratio describedin paragraph2 by the average
.ictualannual cost incurred by the Governmentsof the United Statesof America and Canadaof managing
.rndoperatingice patrol ser-vices
during the previousthree years.This ratio shallbe computed annually,and
'hall be expressedin terms of a lump sum per-annum Ge.
4
Each of the contributing Governmentshasthe right to alter or discontinueits contribution, and other
lllterestedGovernmentsmay undertaketo contribute to the expense.The contributing Government which
.rvailsitself of this right will continue to be responsiblefor its current contribution up to 1 September
tbllowing the date of giving notice of intention to alter or discontinue its contribution. To take advantage
of the said right it must give notice to the managing Government at least six months before the said
1 September.
5
Each contributing Government shall notify the Secretary-Generalof its undertaking pursuant to
paragraph2, who shall notifii all Contracting Governments.
6
The Government of thc Unitcd States of America shall furnish annually to cach contributing
(]overnment a statementof the total cost incurred by the Governmentsof the United StatesofAmerica and
Canadaof managingand operating the Ice Patrol for that year and of the averagepercentagesharefor the
pastthree yearsof each contributing Government.
7
The managingGovernrnent shall publish annual accountsincluding a statementof costsincurred by
rhe Governmentsproviding the servicesfor the pastthree yearsand the total grosstonnageusing the service
tor the pastthree years.The accountsshallbe publicly available.Within three months after having received
rhe cost statemcnt,contributing Governments may rcqucst more detailedinformation regardingthc costs
incurred in managingand operating the Ice Patrol.
These Rules shall be operativebcginning with the ice seasonof 2002.

271