Timss2011 g4 Science

RELEASED SCIENCE ITEMS
4
This book contains the released Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
(TIMSS) 2011 grade 4 science assessment items. This is not a complete set of all TIMSS
2011 assessment items because some items are kept confidential so that they may be
used in subsequent cycles of TIMSS to measure trends.
How Can This Set of Released Items Be Used?

In Teacher-designed Assessments. The items in this book present different ways of
measuring students understanding in various content and cognitive domains. Ateacher
may use these items to create an assessment according to the needs of the class after
reviewing the items and selecting items of interest.
For Feedback on Student Understanding. Student
responses can be scored according

to the scoring information provided in the book. Items that coincide with concepts
taught in class allow the teacher to gain feedback on the students understanding of
assessed concepts. For example, a teacher might decide to examine the incorrect or
partially correct responses of the class. The teacher might use the items to identify
particular difficulties or misconceptions experienced by individual students, which
canserve as thebasis for some remedial teaching or focused practice.
To Benchmark Student Performance. The teacher might also compare the percent
of students in the class who responded correctly to an item with the percent of
students who responded correctly to the same item in other education systems
orintheUnitedStates.
TIMSS and PIRLS are copyrighted and are registered trademarks of IEA. Released items from
TIMSS andPIRLS assessments are for non-commercial, educational, and research purposes only.
Translated versions of items remain the intellectual property of IEA. Although the items are in the
public domain, please print an acknowledgement of the source, including the year and name of the
assessment you are using. If you publish any part of the released items from TIMSS 2011, please use
thefollowingacknowledgement:
SOURCE: TIMSS 2011 Assessment. Copyright 2013 International Association for the Evaluation of
Educational Achievement (IEA). Publisher: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School
of Education, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA and International Association for the Evaluation of
Educational Achievement (IEA), IEA Secretariat, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
38331.0513.86070312
USERS GUIDE
Grade 4
This book contains TIMSS 2011 released items

for grade 4. Each item appears on a single page,
on which is provided information about the items
classification and about international student
performance on the item. The items appear in the
content domain order, as shown in the index on
thenext page.
of a scoring guide, indicating the general nature

of correct and incorrect responses. In some cases,
partial credit may be awarded and these items will
provide guidelines for fully correct, partially correct,
and incorrect responses. Sample student responses
are provided for some of the constructed-response
items for each scoring category.
Information about
itemclassification
Information about international

student performance
Take a look at the first item on page 1. Across

the top are three boxes which identify the items
content domain (the subject matter in science
that the item assesses), its main topic (the specific
topic assessed within that subject matter), and
its cognitive domain (the cognitive or thinking
process assessed). For this item, the content
domain is life science, the main topic is life cycles,
reproduction and heredity, and the cognitive
domain is applying.
In the table along the right-hand side of the page

are the percent correct statistics for the item.
These consist of statistics on the percentage of
students in each education system who could
answer the question correctly. The lists of education
systems are ordered in terms of this percentage.
Theinternational average is included as well.
Below the row of boxes and above a boxed-in area

ofthe page is the item label. For this item, it is
How tadpoles get in the pond. Below the boxed-in
area is the item number, which is more commonly
used to identify each item than the item label.
Within the boxed-in area is the item as it appeared
in student test booklets.
Correct answers are shown beneath each item.
Thecorrect answer for multiple-choice items is
simply a letter code. For example, in the item
S031001 on page 1, the letter code D is the correct
answer. The correct answers for write-in or openended items are explained in a scoring guide.
Forexample, Manuels temperature rise in the Life
Science domain (page 10), provides an example
To the right of some of the percent correct

statistics are special symbols that indicate when
an education system scored significantly higher or
significantly lower than the international average.
Thus, on the item How tadpoles get in the pond as an
example, an estimated 86 percent of U.S. students
could correctly answer this item, a percentage
that was measurably higher than the international
average, after taking into account the standard of
error associated with the percent correct statistic for
the United States and for the international average.
38331.0513.86070312
ITEM INDEX
Grade 4
Content Domain
Page
Content Domain
Life Science
Physical Science
S031001
S031230
S031233
S031236
S031254
S031266
S031281
S031291
S031325
S031340
S031356
S031361
S031390Z
S041003
S041013A
S041013B
S041014
S041039
S041163
S041174
S041178
S041180
S041181
S041182
S041224
S051032
S051033
S051049Z
S051057
S051173
S031068
S031076
S031077
S031197Z
S031204
S031273
S031298
S031299
S031311
S031371
S031410
S031418
S031421
S041048
S041049
S041060
S041067
S041069
S041117
S041120
S041187
S041305
S041311
S051071
S051074
S051086
S051119
S051179
How tadpoles get in the pond....................1

Birds/bats/butterflies share.........................2
Main features of four animals ....................3
Birds foot structure.......................................5
Animal with young and adult forms...........6
Only female Siberian tigers left...................7
Why birds sit on their eggs..........................8
What walrus has to keep it warm................9
Manuels temperature rise.........................10
Best source of calcium..............................12
Which animal is a predator......................13
Eyes in different outside conditions..........14
Animal extinction-DERIVED........................15
Living-nonliving things in a pond..............17
Use of tiger canines...................................19
Use of rat incisors.......................................21
One function of fruit..................................23
Better way to travel around town..............24
Group of animals contains reptiles..........26
Migration of birds.......................................27
What plants use energy for.......................29
Correct predator-prey relationship...........30
Influenza passing between people..........31
One thing to avoid flu................................33
Flowering plant parts.................................35
Hedgehog rolling into ball........................39
Why desert animals active at night..........40
Animals with backbones- DERIVED...........41
Write body part beside function...............42
Calcium important for growth..................44
Page
Marias experiment with salt/water..........46

Two carts holding magnets......................47
Object in circuit for bulb to glow..............49
Two uses of electricity-DERIVED.................50
Coarse & fine salt added to water...........52
Metal spoon and wooden spoon............54
Boiled egg in cold water...........................55
Sunlight made up of colors......................56
Force that causes object to fall................58
Heat to change state of water..................59
Which is a mixture......................................60
Position of piece of ice in water................61
Materials that will burn..............................62
Styrofoam-brick-apple weigh more..........63
Properties of two materials........................65
Identifies gas..............................................66
Type of energy that runs objects..............68
Shadow along which line.........................70
Force causing boat to sail........................71
Objects that produce light.......................72
Describes condensation...........................73
A balance and four cubes.......................74
Thermometer reading hottest water.........75
Children on seesaw...................................76
Will the bulb light.......................................77
Temperature of ice, steam, water..............79
Two magnets and two metal pins............80
Sun reflection in a lake..............................82
Earth Science
S031044
S031088Z
S031275
S031376
S031389
S031391Z
S041092
S041100
S041110
S041201A
S041201B
S041208
S051100
S051156
Label Earth, Moon, and Sun......................83

Two ways to use air-DERIVED.....................85
Explanation for day and night..................87
Best soil for plants to grow in.....................88
Soil change due to natural causes..........89
Ways to avoid wasting water-DERIVED......90
Drinking water comes from.......................92
Reason for direction river flows ................93
Energy received from the sun...................94
Advantage to farming by a river...............96
Disadvantage to farming by a river..........98
How often Earth rotates on axis..............100
Which made from waterfall energy........101
How long ago was plant alive?..............102
38331.0513.86070312
TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Life Cycles, Reproduction,

and Heredity
Applying
Item label: How tadpoles get in the pond
Overall Percent Correct
Melissa found some tadpoles and fish in a pond as shown above.

How did the tadpoles get there?
A.
They hatched from eggs laid by fish in the pond.
B.
They formed from mud at the bottom of the pond.
C.
They were made from materials dissolved in pond water.
D.
They developed from eggs laid by frogs in the pond.
Item Number: S031001
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Japan
Netherlands
Singapore
Slovenia
Poland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Finland
Hong Kong-CHN
Germany
Austria
Northern Ireland-GBR
Ireland
Belgium (Flemish)-BEL
England-GBR
Denmark
Czech Republic
Australia
Sweden
Italy
United States
Russian Federation
Norway
Croatia
Thailand
Portugal
Lithuania
New Zealand
Spain
Hungary
Serbia
Slovak Republic
International average
Romania
Malta
Iran, Islamic Rep of.
Chile
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Bahrain
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Oman
Georgia
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Armenia
Kuwait
Tunisia
Morocco
Yemen
97
95
93
93
92
91
90
90
90
90
89
89
88
88
87
87
87
86
86
86
86
85
85
84
82
82
82
81
80
80
77
77
76
76
75
75
72
68
65
65
65
63
63
59
57
54
52
43
38
33
21
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
87
87
86
86
84
73
59
Percent higher than International average

Percent lower than International average
Copyright 2013 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Characteristics and Life

Processes of Living Things
Applying
Item label: Birds/bats/butterflies share
What do birds, bats and butterflies have in common?

A.
feathers
B.
hair
C.
internal skeleton
D.
wings
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
United States
Croatia
Singapore
Finland
Sweden
Ireland
Austria
England-GBR
Norway
Germany
New Zealand
Portugal
Russian Federation
Australia
Slovenia
Netherlands
Denmark
Serbia
Czech Republic
Poland
Slovak Republic
Italy
Lithuania
Spain
Japan
Thailand
Georgia
Hungary
Chile
Armenia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Romania
Malta
Hong Kong-CHN
Kazakhstan
Turkey
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Saudi Arabia
Iran, Islamic Rep. of
Qatar
Tunisia
Oman
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
99
96
95
95
95
95
95
94
94
93
93
93
92
92
92
91
91
91
91
91
90
90
89
89
89
88
87
87
86
86
84
84
83
83
83
83
82
79
79
79
75
75
74
70
62
62
61
61
54
47
31
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
97
96
95
93
92
79
70

Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Main features of four animals
Monkey
Crocodile
Grasshopper
Octopus
Answer the following questions using the animals shown above. Write the name
for the correct animal in the spaces below.
A. Which animal has an internal skeleton and produces milk for its young?
______________________________
B. Which animal has an external skeleton and three pairs of legs?
______________________________
C. Which animal has a soft body and no skeleton?
______________________________
SCORING
Correct Response
Identifies all 3 animals in the correct order: monkey, grasshopper, octopus
Incorrect Response
Identifies one animal correctly.
Identifies two animals correctly.
Other incorrect (including crossed out, erased, stray marks, illegible, or off task)
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Singapore
Hungary
Italy
Denmark
Slovak Republic
Portugal
Russian Federation
Japan
Australia
United States
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Hong Kong-CHN
England-GBR
Germany
Sweden
Croatia
Thailand
Spain
Poland
Finland
Norway
Czech Republic
Austria
Lithuania
Netherlands
Chile
New Zealand
Slovenia
Ireland
Kazakhstan
Malta
Romania
Turkey
Serbia
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Armenia
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Kuwait
Tunisia
Morocco
Yemen
88
83
80
79
76
75
74
72
70
70
69
69
69
67
66
66
66
65
65
64
64
64
64
63
63
63
63
60
60
59
58
58
58
57
54
53
53
51
50
49
47
45
44
38
38
33
31
29
26
16
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
74
72
68
66
63
48
41

Monkey
Crocodile
Item label: Main features of four animals (continued)

S031233:
Grasshopper
Octopus
Student Responses
CorrectAnswer
Response:
the following questions using the animals shown above. Write the name
______________________________
______________________________
Monkey
Crocodile

______________________________
Grasshopper
Octopus
Answer
the following questions using the animals shown above. Write the name
Incorrect
Response:
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with the

Environment
Knowing
Item label: Birds foot structure
A bird that lives on a pond is most likely to have which of these

foot structures?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Netherlands
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Czech Republic
Norway
Denmark
Germany
Russian Federation
Poland
Lithuania
Austria
Australia
New Zealand
United States
Sweden
England-GBR
Slovenia
Romania
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Italy
Ireland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Portugal
Chile
Croatia
Singapore
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Japan
Serbia
Tunisia
Spain
Malta
Georgia
Saudi Arabia
Thailand
Oman
Hong Kong-CHN
Kazakhstan
Qatar
Turkey
Bahrain
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
92
91
89
89
89
87
87
86
86
86
86
86
86
85
84
84
83
83
82
82
81
81
81
80
80
79
76
75
75
73
72
72
71
69
69
69
66
59
57
56
55
55
54
50
48
46
44
43
41
33
16
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
85
84
82
78
69
65
53

Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

and Heredity
Knowing
Item label: Animal with young and adult forms
Which of these animals has a young form that looks the most like the adult
form?
A.
moth
B.
human
C.
frog
D.
butterfly
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Japan
Korea, Rep. of
Hungary
Italy
Singapore
Russian Federation
Kazakhstan
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Hong Kong-CHN
Romania
Czech Republic
Portugal
Finland
Denmark
Georgia
Norway
Spain
Ireland
Australia
England-GBR
Turkey
Austria
Sweden
United States
New Zealand
Azerbaijan
Saudi Arabia
Chile
Malta
Poland
Serbia
Netherlands
Germany
Qatar
Armenia
Morocco
Bahrain
Croatia
Thailand
Yemen
Oman
Kuwait
Tunisia
Lithuania
86
83
79
78
78
76
74
72
72
71
68
68
67
67
65
62
57
57
56
56
55
54
54
54
52
52
50
50
50
49
49
48
47
46
45
45
44
44
43
42
42
41
39
39
38
35
32
31
31
28
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Dubai-UAE
55
54
52
51
47
42
41

Not applicable
not applicable.
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

and Heredity
Reasoning
Item label: Only female Siberian tigers left
Some animals are very rare. For example, there are very few Siberian tigers. If the
only Siberian tigers left are female, what will most likely happen?
A.
The females will find another type of male animal to mate with and
produce more Siberian tigers.
B.
The females will mate with each other and produce more
Siberian tigers.
C.
The females will only be able to produce female Siberian tigers.
D.
The females will not be able to produce more Siberian tigers,

and they will die out.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Slovak Republic
Russian Federation
Hungary
Singapore
Hong Kong-CHN
Sweden
Finland
Denmark
Croatia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Spain
Slovenia
Netherlands
United States
England-GBR
Czech Republic
Norway
Poland
Lithuania
Australia
Germany
Romania
Thailand
Serbia
Austria
Italy
Japan
Ireland
Chile
New Zealand
Portugal
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Malta
Georgia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Qatar
Oman
Morocco
Yemen
Tunisia
88
76
75
74
74
72
72
71
69
67
67
67
65
64
64
63
62
62
61
60
60
59
58
58
58
56
56
56
56
55
54
53
52
51
49
47
47
46
39
36
36
34
32
32
28
28
28
24
22
20
20
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
70
65
58
58
52
37
29

Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Knowing
Item label: Why birds sit on their eggs
Most birds sit on their eggs until they hatch. Which of these is the most
important reason why birds sit on their eggs?
A.
to keep the eggs inside the nest
B.
to keep the eggs warm
C.
to protect the eggs from the wind
D.
to protect the eggs from the rain
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Netherlands
Finland
Austria
Czech Republic
United States
Sweden
Denmark
Singapore
Germany
Slovenia
Australia
Ireland
Norway
Croatia
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Spain
Russian Federation
England-GBR
Poland
Japan
New Zealand
Italy
Serbia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Portugal
Korea, Rep. of
Romania
Hong Kong-CHN
Lithuania
Malta
Chile
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Thailand
Armenia
Bahrain
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Oman
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
96
96
95
94
94
94
93
93
93
92
92
92
92
91
91
91
91
89
89
89
89
88
87
87
87
87
86
85
85
84
84
83
81
80
80
79
79
77
70
69
67
66
64
59
57
54
46
43
40
31
31
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
95
93
91
91
90
73
58

Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Applying
Item label: What walrus has to keep it warm

polar bear

walrus
Polar bears and walruses look very different, but both can survive in the extreme
cold. A polar bear has a thick coat of fur that helps keep it warm. The walrus has
no fur.
What does the walrus have that helps it keep warm?
A.
fat layers
B.
tusks
C.
whiskers
D.
flippers
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
Italy
Austria
Germany
Sweden
Netherlands
Lithuania
Chile
Poland
Denmark
United States
Hungary
Spain
Slovak Republic
Korea, Rep. of
Australia
England-GBR
Hong Kong-CHN
Ireland
Croatia
New Zealand
Georgia
Portugal
Azerbaijan
Serbia
Kazakhstan
Singapore
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Japan
Slovenia
Romania
Thailand
Norway
Armenia
Turkey
Malta
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Tunisia
Oman
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
98
97
95
95
94
94
94
93
93
93
92
92
92
91
91
90
90
90
90
89
89
88
88
88
88
87
87
87
86
86
86
85
85
84
83
81
80
79
72
71
70
70
70
63
59
58
47
44
44
27
25
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
94
94
93
92
90
70
59

Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Human Health
Applying
Item label: Manuels temperature rise
The normal temperature of the human body is about 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Manuel takes his temperature one morning after waking up.
His body temperature is 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
Write down one thing that could have caused his temperature to be
higher than normal.
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to Manuel being sick, having a fever, or similar.
Examples:
He was ill.
He had an infection.
Education system
Percent
correct
Norway
Hong Kong-CHN
Denmark
Italy
Sweden
Croatia
Hungary
Finland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Slovak Republic
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
United States
Netherlands
Lithuania
Slovenia
Singapore
Portugal
Japan
Poland
Serbia
Spain
Kazakhstan
Romania
Turkey
Ireland
Austria
Korea, Rep. of
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Australia
Chile
Armenia
Bahrain
England-GBR
New Zealand
Germany
Thailand
Saudi Arabia
Malta
Tunisia
Qatar
Oman
Yemen
Kuwait
Morocco
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
57
57
55
55
54
52
52
52
50
50
48
47
45
45
41
40
39
39
39
38
37
36
35
33
32
32
31
30
28
25
25
24
24
22
21
20
20
18
16
16
8
7
5
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
He was running a fever.
Incorrect Response
Refers only to getting cold, wet, or similar. [Reflects misconception about cause of illness.]
Example: He was out in the cold the night before.
Refers only to a factor affecting external temperature.
Example: The weather was too hot.
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
51
50
46
37
37
32
21

10
Item label: Manuels temperature rise (continued)

S031325:
Student Responses
takes his temperature one morning after waking up.
CorrectManuel
Response:
His body temperature is 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
higher than normal.
Manuel takes his temperature one morning after waking up.
HisResponse:
body temperature is 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
Incorrect
higher than normal.
11
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Human Health
Knowing
Item label: Best source of calcium
Calcium is a mineral that helps make your bones and teeth strong.
Which of these foods is the best source of calcium?
A.
candy
B.
rice
C.
cheese
D.
meat
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Singapore
Thailand
Japan
Ireland
Portugal
Turkey
Spain
Romania
Denmark
Italy
Czech Republic
Chile
Slovak Republic
Hong Kong-CHN
England-GBR
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Australia
Korea, Rep. of
Azerbaijan
New Zealand
United States
Netherlands
Hungary
Poland
Lithuania
Saudi Arabia
Malta
Serbia
Bahrain
Oman
Armenia
Georgia
Qatar
Sweden
Tunisia
Russian Federation
Kuwait
Kazakhstan
Croatia
Morocco
Norway
Yemen
Austria
Germany
Slovenia
83
77
71
70
70
65
65
65
64
63
62
62
60
58
58
55
55
53
53
53
52
51
47
47
46
45
44
44
42
41
39
37
37
36
36
35
35
34
34
34
34
31
30
29
29
29
28
27
27
25
23
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
69
66
60
52
43
39
31

12
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Ecosystems
Knowing
Item label: Which animal is a predator
A predator is an animal that feeds on other animals.

Which of these is a predator?
A.
deer
B.
wolf
C.
cow
D.
goat
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Netherlands
Russian Federation
Poland
Lithuania
Kazakhstan
Croatia
Italy
Czech Republic
Austria
Hungary
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Germany
Slovak Republic
Armenia
Spain
Serbia
Slovenia
Thailand
United States
Hong Kong-CHN
Denmark
Romania
Sweden
Chile
Singapore
Norway
Portugal
England-GBR
Australia
Turkey
New Zealand
Ireland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Bahrain
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Kuwait
Oman
Morocco
Qatar
Malta
Yemen
99
98
98
98
97
97
96
96
96
96
96
95
95
95
95
94
93
93
93
92
92
91
91
91
90
90
90
89
89
89
88
88
88
88
87
87
86
86
86
83
83
83
83
81
74
74
73
62
61
58
54
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Dubai-UAE
94
93
91
89
87
75
70

13
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Reasoning
Item label: Eyes in different outside conditions
Picture 1
Picture 2
Picture 1 and Picture 2 show the same eyes in different outside conditions.
What outside condition is different between Picture 1 and Picture 2?
A.
Light is brighter in Picture 1.
B.
Light is brighter in Picture 2.
C.
Temperature is higher in Picture 1.
D.
Temperature is higher in Picture 2.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Hong Kong-CHN
Netherlands
Singapore
Germany
Portugal
Sweden
United States
Denmark
England-GBR
Slovenia
Korea, Rep. of
Australia
Hungary
Spain
Ireland
Italy
Chile
Slovak Republic
New Zealand
Austria
Turkey
Japan
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
Romania
Croatia
Qatar
Serbia
Poland
Norway
Malta
Saudi Arabia
Kazakhstan
Armenia
Thailand
Lithuania
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Oman
Kuwait
Georgia
Yemen
Morocco
Tunisia
77
74
74
69
68
68
68
68
66
65
65
65
62
62
62
61
61
60
60
60
60
59
59
59
59
58
57
57
56
56
54
53
52
51
51
51
51
51
50
49
49
47
46
46
43
42
40
35
32
32
30
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
70
70
65
60
56
54
50

14
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Ecosystems
Applying
Item label: Animal extinction-DERIVED
Describe two human activities that can lead to the extinction of animals.
Activity 1:
Activity 2:
Item Number: S031390Z
SCORING
Note: Each of the two responses are scored separately. However, if the two responses are
essentially the same, the second response should be scored as Incorrect Response.
Correct Response
Mentions tree felling or other land development activities (leading to loss of habitat/homes).
Example: Cutting down trees.
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Russian Federation
Italy
Poland
Netherlands
Sweden
Thailand
Romania
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Denmark
Austria
Finland
Slovak Republic
Serbia
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Czech Republic
Germany
Georgia
Ireland
Croatia
England-GBR
Singapore
Spain
United States
Slovenia
Lithuania
Australia
Portugal
Bahrain
New Zealand
Armenia
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Hong Kong-CHN
Azerbaijan
Kuwait
Chile
Malta
Japan
Norway
Qatar
Tunisia
Oman
Morocco
Yemen
54
44
44
41
41
40
40
38
38
38
38
38
37
36
36
34
33
33
33
32
31
30
29
29
29
28
28
28
27
27
26
26
25
23
23
23
23
22
20
19
19
19
16
16
14
13
12
11
10
6
1
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Mentions hunting or killing animals (for food, pelts, etc.).

Example: Shooting animals and eating them.
Mentions polluting the environment (or similar).
Example: Causing air pollution.
Other correct
Incorrect Response
Mentions a human activity but connection to extinction of animals is unclear.
Example: Smoking
15
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
38
36
29
28
24
17
14

Item label: Animal extinction (continued)

S031390Z:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Activity 1:
Activity 2:
Incorrect Response:
Activity 1:
Activity 2:
16
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Living-nonliving things in a pond
The picture below shows a pond.
In the spaces provided below, list three living things and three non-living things
shown in this picture.
Living things
Non-living things
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
SCORING
Correct Response
Acceptable lists of living things: fish, frog, turtle, dragonfly (insect, butterfly, fly), water lily (plants,
flowering plant, water plant), trees, grasses, molluscs (snails)
Acceptable lists of non-living things: sun, clouds, water, rocks, pebbles (stones), sand, soil (dirt,
earth), mud, air
Incorrect Response
Incorrect (including crossed out, erased, stray marks, illegible, or off task)
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Serbia
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Italy
Finland
Spain
Slovak Republic
Croatia
Chile
Turkey
Thailand
Russian Federation
Slovenia
United States
Czech Republic
Oman
Bahrain
Lithuania
Netherlands
Australia
Sweden
Azerbaijan
Korea, Rep. of
Portugal
England-GBR
Romania
Denmark
Malta
Norway
New Zealand
Ireland
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Germany
Hong Kong-CHN
Japan
Austria
Armenia
Poland
Morocco
Georgia
Kuwait
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Tunisia
Yemen
88
75
70
69
67
66
66
66
65
64
62
61
60
58
58
55
55
55
54
52
49
48
47
47
47
47
46
46
46
45
45
44
43
42
41
40
40
40
39
39
38
34
31
30
21
20
19
19
17
15
13
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
63
56
56
52
52
42
41

17
Item label: Living-nonliving things in a pond (continued)

S041003:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Living things
The picture below shows a pond.
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
Non-living things
Incorrect Response:
Living things
Non-living things
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
18
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Use of tiger canines
The diagrams show a tiger skull and a rat skull.
canines
incisors
tiger skull
rat skull
A tiger has very large teeth called canines. A rat has very large teeth called
incisors. A tiger and a rat eat different types of food.
A. What does a tiger use its canines for?
Item Number: S041013A
SCORING
Correct Response
States that the tiger uses its canines for piercing (stabbing, holding, ripping, killing, tearing) prey.
Examples:
A tiger uses its canines to hold onto its prey and kill it.
The tiger stabs its prey with the canines and rips the meat.
Incorrect Response
States that the tiger uses its canines for chewing (crushing, grinding) food.
Example: A tiger uses its canines for chewing its prey.
Examples:
To eat his prey.
To devour its prey.
The tiger uses them for meat.
Education system
Percent
correct
Denmark
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Hungary
Ireland
England-GBR
Slovenia
Italy
Austria
Sweden
Czech Republic
Germany
Finland
Australia
Slovak Republic
United States
Netherlands
Romania
Singapore
Norway
New Zealand
Poland
Lithuania
Tunisia
Croatia
Spain
Azerbaijan
Serbia
Malta
Chile
Korea, Rep. of
Armenia
Portugal
Japan
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Hong Kong-CHN
Georgia
Qatar
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Turkey
Thailand
Oman
Kuwait
Yemen
Morocco
62
55
51
50
50
48
47
47
45
45
44
43
42
42
40
40
40
38
38
37
37
37
36
35
33
31
30
28
27
26
26
24
24
24
23
23
23
22
20
19
19
18
18
17
16
16
15
13
6
5
3
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
44
40
37
37
32
22
17

19
Item label: Use of tiger canines (continued)

S041013A:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
20
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Use of rat incisors

Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Denmark
Sweden
Thailand
Lithuania
Norway
Japan
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Russian Federation
Romania
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Korea, Rep. of
Serbia
Hungary
Italy
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Austria
Netherlands
Slovak Republic
Armenia
Ireland
Poland
Georgia
Chile
England-GBR
Turkey
Croatia
Germany
Spain
Bahrain
New Zealand
Australia
Tunisia
Azerbaijan
Singapore
United States
Malta
Oman
Qatar
Hong Kong-CHN
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
54
52
48
47
45
43
41
40
39
38
34
33
33
30
29
29
27
26
24
23
23
21
21
21
21
20
20
19
19
19
19
18
18
17
17
16
15
15
14
14
13
13
12
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
#
States that the rat uses its incisors for chewing (crushing, grinding, cutting, chopping, munching)
food.
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Examples:
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
The diagrams show a tiger skull and a rat skull.
canines
incisors
tiger skull
rat skull
A tiger has very large teeth called canines. A rat has very large teeth called
incisors. A tiger and a rat eat different types of food.
B. What does a rat use its incisors for?
Item Number: S041013B
SCORING
Correct Response
States that the rat uses its incisors for gnawing (nibbling) food or killing prey.
Examples:
The rat uses them to gnaw nuts, grains, meat, and vegetable matter.
The rat uses its incisors for biting hard stuff.
Incorrect Response
Rats use their incisors for chewing softer things.

Rats use them to grind food.
Example: It uses them for vegetables.
rounds to zero.
15
15
13
13
12
6
3

# Rounds to zero
21
Item label: Use of rat incisors (continued)

S041013B:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
22
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: One function of fruit
Some plants produce fruit such as apples.
Education system
Percent
correct
What is one function of a fruit?
Singapore
Romania
Korea, Rep. of
Slovak Republic
Italy
United States
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Azerbaijan
Slovenia
Poland
Russian Federation
Finland
Spain
Portugal
Morocco
Kazakhstan
Serbia
Bahrain
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Chile
Croatia
Czech Republic
Norway
Germany
Malta
England-GBR
Denmark
Saudi Arabia
Lithuania
Qatar
Austria
Turkey
Australia
Japan
Oman
Armenia
Kuwait
Netherlands
Hungary
New Zealand
Thailand
Sweden
Georgia
Tunisia
Yemen
61
45
44
41
41
41
40
39
38
35
35
34
34
34
34
33
33
33
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
31
31
31
31
30
30
29
29
28
28
27
26
26
26
26
25
25
25
25
25
24
24
22
20
15
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
A.
to protect seeds
B.
to produce food for seeds
C.
to stop seeds from dispersing
D.
to store water for seed germination
Correct Response:
Dubai-UAE
Florida-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
35
33
32
32
30
27
22

23
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Ecosystems
Reasoning
Item label: Better way to travel around town
The pictures above show two ways of traveling around town.

A. Which way of traveling is better for the environment?
(Check one box.)
Bicycle
Motorbike
B. Explain your answer.
SCORING
Correct Response
Bicycle with an explanation that relates to air or noise pollution. (If the explanation includes
inaccurate information such as destroying the ozone layer, still credit the response).
Examples:
It does not produce fumes like a motorbike does.
A motorbike gives out fumes which go up into the air and pollute it. Whereas a bike does not.
The motorbike gives off fumes which destroy the ozone layer and so the bicycle is better for the
environment.
Incorrect Response
Bicycle with a general explanation.
Example: My answer is a bicycle because it does not use gas.
Examples:
A bicycle because it gives you exercise.
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Croatia
Portugal
Slovenia
Finland
Italy
Sweden
Hungary
Russian Federation
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Spain
Czech Republic
Chile
Serbia
Germany
Slovak Republic
Austria
Singapore
Poland
Netherlands
Romania
Lithuania
Norway
England-GBR
Hong Kong-CHN
Japan
Denmark
United States
New Zealand
Australia
Ireland
Kazakhstan
Bahrain
Turkey
Thailand
Tunisia
Malta
Qatar
Armenia
Saudi Arabia
Georgia
Morocco
Kuwait
Oman
Azerbaijan
Yemen
83
78
75
73
70
70
68
68
67
67
64
64
63
62
62
61
60
60
54
54
53
53
51
50
49
48
47
45
45
44
43
43
42
42
41
40
39
38
36
35
31
30
29
29
28
28
24
20
18
12
4
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
54
51
46
45
40
36
31

24
Item label: Better way to travel around town (continued)

S041039:
Student Responses
CorrectTh
Response:
e pictures above show two ways of traveling around town.
(Check one box.)
Bicycle
Motorbike
TheResponse:
pictures above show two ways of traveling around town.
Incorrect
(Check one box.)
Bicycle
Motorbike
25
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Group of animals contains reptiles
Which group of animals contains ONLY reptiles?

A.
lizard, frog, snake
B.
turtle, lizard, crocodile
C.
octopus, snail, turtle
D.
crab, earthworm, snake
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Lithuania
Singapore
United States
Australia
Oman
Slovenia
Ireland
Slovak Republic
Bahrain
Czech Republic
Thailand
Saudi Arabia
Germany
Hong Kong-CHN
England-GBR
Kuwait
Italy
Russian Federation
New Zealand
Netherlands
Chile
Austria
Qatar
Azerbaijan
Spain
Romania
Morocco
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Poland
Malta
Yemen
Norway
Croatia
Portugal
Armenia
Sweden
Korea, Rep. of
Tunisia
Georgia
Denmark
Finland
Turkey
Serbia
Japan
70
56
56
55
53
52
51
51
50
49
48
48
48
47
47
47
46
46
45
45
45
45
44
44
44
44
41
40
40
40
39
36
36
35
34
33
30
30
29
28
27
27
25
25
25
24
23
21
20
18
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Dubai-UAE
56
56
53
51
45
44
38

26
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Applying
Item label: Migration of birds
How does migration increase the survival of birds?
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to finding food and/or reproduction.
Examples:
Move from one region to another for feeding or breeding.
Some of the birds find food or a place to build their nest.
Education system
Percent
correct
Austria
Croatia
Finland
Slovak Republic
Singapore
Russian Federation
Sweden
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Hungary
Italy
Kazakhstan
Serbia
United States
Portugal
Romania
Turkey
Denmark
Lithuania
Armenia
Korea, Rep. of
Japan
Poland
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Saudi Arabia
Ireland
Norway
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Thailand
Germany
Netherlands
New Zealand
Oman
England-GBR
Chile
Australia
Spain
Qatar
Morocco
Tunisia
Kuwait
Hong Kong-CHN
Malta
Yemen
81
73
72
70
70
67
64
63
56
55
52
51
47
47
47
46
45
45
45
41
40
38
37
36
35
35
35
33
33
33
31
31
27
27
24
24
23
19
19
19
19
19
19
18
18
17
16
12
9
8
3
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Refers to moving to a warmer place without mention of food or reproduction.

Examples:
Birds living in a country with winter will die in the cold. They will migrate to a place where it is
summer or spring.
It provides warm weather for the birds.
Incorrect Response
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
43
42
42
40
37
19
15

27
Item label: Migration of birds (continued)

S041174:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
28
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Ecosystems
Knowing
Item label: What plants use energy for
Plants use energy directly from the Sun.
Education system
Percent
correct
What do they use the energy from the Sun for?
Korea, Rep. of
Singapore
Hong Kong-CHN
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
Spain
Turkey
Thailand
Finland
Czech Republic
Serbia
Hungary
Oman
Croatia
Kuwait
Italy
Russian Federation
United States
Qatar
Romania
Lithuania
Portugal
England-GBR
Kazakhstan
Chile
Azerbaijan
Netherlands
Slovenia
Malta
Slovak Republic
Armenia
Georgia
Poland
Ireland
Germany
New Zealand
Australia
Yemen
Austria
Morocco
Tunisia
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
93
88
87
85
85
79
78
75
73
72
71
71
70
69
68
68
68
67
66
63
61
60
56
55
51
49
48
46
45
44
44
42
42
40
35
35
34
32
31
30
30
29
29
29
28
28
23
21
14
9
8
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
A.
to make food
B.
to disperse seeds
C.
to fertilize the soil
D.
to prevent insect damage
Correct Response:
Dubai-UAE
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
70
64
59
58
46
42
24

29
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Ecosystems
Applying
Item label: Correct predator-prey relationship
The diagram below shows a food chain.
green algae
krill
fish
seal
killer whale
Which predatorprey relationship is correct?

A. fish (predator)seal (prey)
B.
green algae (predator)krill (prey)
C.
fish (predator)krill (prey)
D. seal (predator)killer whale (prey)
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Italy
Germany
Lithuania
Netherlands
Hungary
Thailand
Croatia
Portugal
Serbia
United States
Slovak Republic
Austria
Poland
Singapore
Sweden
England-GBR
Romania
Spain
Slovenia
Chile
Australia
Ireland
New Zealand
Turkey
Denmark
Bahrain
Kazakhstan
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Tunisia
Oman
Malta
Qatar
Georgia
Armenia
Kuwait
Norway
Morocco
Yemen
87
83
81
77
75
75
74
73
72
71
71
69
68
67
67
66
66
66
66
66
64
62
62
61
61
60
60
60
57
57
53
52
51
50
49
48
48
47
42
42
41
39
38
38
38
37
34
32
31
27
26
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
70
68
65
63
58
47
41

30
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Human Health
Applying
Item label: Influenza passing between people
How can influenza be passed from person to person?
SCORING
Correct Response
Mentions coughing or sneezing.
Example: If you sneeze on your friend the germs can be passed on.
Mentions touching the same object, using the same utensils, or having physical contact with a
person who has influenza.
Example: Influenza can be passed by sharing food and drinks.
Other correct
Example: It is passed in the air.
Incorrect Response
Mentions being near someone with influenza but does not mention coughing, sneezing, or any
direct contact.
Example: It can be passed by going near to someone with influenza.
Education system
Percent
correct
Sweden
Lithuania
Japan
Slovak Republic
Russian Federation
Croatia
Finland
Czech Republic
England-GBR
Hungary
Serbia
Netherlands
Austria
Kazakhstan
Denmark
New Zealand
Germany
Georgia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Korea, Rep. of
Romania
Thailand
Spain
Slovenia
Norway
Hong Kong-CHN
Azerbaijan
Singapore
Portugal
Armenia
Chile
United States
Turkey
Ireland
Poland
Bahrain
Australia
Saudi Arabia
Italy
Qatar
Malta
Oman
Tunisia
Morocco
Kuwait
Yemen
84
81
78
76
75
75
74
73
73
73
73
72
72
70
69
69
69
68
67
67
67
67
66
64
60
60
60
60
59
58
58
57
55
55
54
54
54
52
51
48
47
40
39
38
38
35
33
32
30
26
5
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
72
53
52
48
48
40
34

31
Item label: Influenza passing between people (continued)

S041181:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
32
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Human Health
Applying
Item label: One thing to avoid flu
Marcie is playing a board game with a friend who has the flu.
Education system
Percent
correct
Write down one thing Marcie can do to avoid catching the flu from her friend.
Japan
Korea, Rep. of
Russian Federation
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Singapore
Kazakhstan
Finland
United States
Portugal
Hong Kong-CHN
Ireland
Lithuania
Chile
Georgia
Norway
Thailand
England-GBR
Australia
Denmark
Croatia
Spain
Sweden
Serbia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Hungary
Romania
Slovenia
Germany
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Slovak Republic
Austria
Armenia
Czech Republic
Poland
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
Italy
Oman
Malta
Tunisia
Qatar
Kuwait
Yemen
Morocco
93
78
77
75
67
66
61
61
57
55
54
53
53
49
48
48
47
46
46
44
44
43
43
42
42
41
40
40
39
38
38
37
36
35
35
35
35
33
31
29
27
25
24
23
20
19
18
17
9
3
#
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
SCORING
Correct Response
States one acceptable reason.
Examples:
Marcie can wash her hands.
Marcie can cover her nose and mouth with a mask.
rounds to zero.
Marcie can tell her friend to wear a mask.

Marcie can wear gloves.
Marcie should not touch her face.
Incorrect Response
Examples:
Dont sit near her.
Get a flu shot.
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
58
57
55
52
52
30
22

# Rounds to zero
33
Item label: One thing to avoid flu (continued)

S041182:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
34
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Flowering plant parts
The diagram shows a flowering plant. Four of its parts are numbered.
1
2
3
In the table below, write the name of each part, and state its function.
Part
Number
Name of Part
Function of Part
SCORING
Correct Response
Identifies 4 parts of the plant and states a correct function for each.
1: Flower (bud). Example: It produces seeds.
1: Seeds. Example: They reproduce the plant when the seed germinates.
1: Petals. Example: They attract pollinators.
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Thailand
Czech Republic
Bahrain
Italy
Romania
Hungary
Croatia
Finland
Portugal
Kazakhstan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Austria
Slovak Republic
United States
Serbia
Lithuania
England-GBR
Russian Federation
Japan
Oman
Sweden
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Hong Kong-CHN
Spain
Slovenia
Denmark
Azerbaijan
Qatar
Chile
Poland
Morocco
Turkey
Ireland
Georgia
Germany
Australia
Armenia
Netherlands
Malta
New Zealand
Norway
Tunisia
Yemen
80
42
40
39
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
28
27
26
25
25
24
23
22
21
21
21
20
20
19
18
18
16
16
16
15
15
15
13
13
13
12
11
10
10
10
10
10
9
8
6
6
6
4
2
1
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
2: Stem (stalk). Example: It transports water and food.

3: Leaf. Example: It makes food for the plant.
4: Root. Example: It transports water into the plant.
Identifies 4 parts of the plant and states 3 correct functions.
Partially Correct Response

Identifies 4 parts and 1 or 2 correct functions OR 3 parts and 1 or 2 or 3 correct functions OR
2 parts and 1 or 2 functions.
Incorrect Response
Identifies 4 parts, but no correct functions
35
Dubai-UAE
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
31
24
22
21
17
13
8

Item label: Flowering plant parts (continued)

S041224:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
1
2
3
Part
Number
Name of Part
Function of Part
36

S041224:
Student Responses
Partially Correct Response:
1
2
3
Part
Number
Name of Part
Function of Part
37

S041224:
Student Responses
Incorrect Response:
1
2
3
Part
Number
Name of Part
Function of Part
38
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Applying
Item label: Hedgehog rolling into ball
A hedgehog is a small spiny animal. When it is frightened it rolls into a ball.
How does this behavior help the hedgehog?

A.
The hedgehog can roll away quickly.
B.
The hedgehog looks larger rolled up.
C.
The hedgehog is harder to see in a ball.
D.
The hedgehogs soft body parts are covered.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Russian Federation
Denmark
Poland
Slovenia
Finland
Czech Republic
Hungary
Spain
Germany
Croatia
Slovak Republic
Serbia
Lithuania
Austria
Kazakhstan
Korea, Rep. of
England-GBR
Japan
Turkey
Azerbaijan
Netherlands
Sweden
Ireland
New Zealand
Hong Kong-CHN
United States
Singapore
Portugal
Australia
Italy
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Romania
Georgia
Thailand
Norway
Malta
Chile
Armenia
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Morocco
Tunisia
Yemen
Kuwait
Oman
76
74
73
73
72
71
69
68
66
66
65
65
64
61
59
58
58
58
57
56
56
54
54
51
51
51
50
50
50
50
49
49
48
47
45
45
43
43
43
37
34
34
30
30
27
27
24
23
22
19
18
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
59
54
53
49
47
35
26

39
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Interactions with
the Environment
Applying
Item label: Why desert animals active at night
Why are many desert animals more active at night?
Education system
Percent
correct
A.
It is drier at night.
B.
It is cooler at night.
C.
There is less danger at night.
D.
There is less wind at night.
Chinese Taipei-CHN
United States
Netherlands
Portugal
Romania
Sweden
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
Russian Federation
Germany
Singapore
Kazakhstan
Australia
Ireland
Hungary
England-GBR
Austria
Slovak Republic
Italy
Korea, Rep. of
Malta
Armenia
Spain
New Zealand
Bahrain
Georgia
Chile
Azerbaijan
Poland
Lithuania
Qatar
Denmark
Oman
Czech Republic
Japan
Saudi Arabia
Croatia
Morocco
Norway
Slovenia
Kuwait
Turkey
Serbia
Yemen
Thailand
Tunisia
71
68
67
64
64
63
63
62
61
61
60
59
59
59
58
56
55
55
53
53
53
52
52
51
50
50
49
49
49
48
47
46
45
43
42
40
39
38
38
37
36
35
34
32
32
32
32
31
31
30
30
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Correct Response:
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
76
68
63
60
59
51
42

40
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Animals with backbones- DERIVED
Which animals shown below have a backbone?
Education system
Percent
correct
Fill in one oval for each animal. One has been done for you.
Japan
Italy
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
Croatia
Sweden
Hungary
Spain
Slovak Republic
Finland
Bahrain
Romania
Chile
Germany
Saudi Arabia
Austria
Australia
Norway
Korea, Rep. of
Thailand
Poland
Slovenia
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Serbia
Georgia
Denmark
United States
Hong Kong-CHN
New Zealand
England-GBR
Lithuania
Malta
Singapore
Ireland
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Oman
Turkey
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Netherlands
Kuwait
Morocco
Qatar
Tunisia
Yemen
65
59
56
55
55
53
53
51
50
49
49
49
48
47
47
45
45
43
43
42
42
42
41
41
41
41
40
40
39
39
38
38
37
37
37
37
37
36
35
35
33
32
32
31
31
30
28
28
24
22
17
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Animal
Has a Backbone
Yes
heron ---------------------
No
------------ B
spider--------------------- A------------ B
crab ----------------------- A------------ B
fish ----------------------- A------------ B
lion ----------------------- A------------ B
SCORING
Correct Response
Fill in the ovals in the order: B, B, A, A
Incorrect Response
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
47
43
38
37
35
31
30

41
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Write body part beside function
The table shows three functions carried out by parts of the human body.
Education system
Percent
correct
Write the name of the body part beside its function. The first one has been
done for you.
Finland
Sweden
Czech Republic
England-GBR
Norway
Spain
Hungary
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Denmark
Ireland
New Zealand
Austria
Australia
Portugal
Germany
Turkey
Singapore
United States
Croatia
Romania
Netherlands
Russian Federation
Italy
Hong Kong-CHN
Chile
Malta
Serbia
Azerbaijan
Poland
Kazakhstan
Qatar
Lithuania
Georgia
Japan
Thailand
Bahrain
Korea, Rep. of
Armenia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Tunisia
Kuwait
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Morocco
Yemen
91
83
81
80
80
78
75
74
73
73
72
70
70
69
69
69
68
67
66
65
64
64
60
58
56
54
54
50
50
50
49
46
45
37
37
35
35
29
29
26
26
24
23
21
15
10
9
8
7
4
2
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Function
Body Part
Supports the body
Skeleton
Pumps blood through the body

Used for thinking
SCORING
Correct Response
Completes the table as shown.
Function
Body Part
Supports the body
Skeleton
Heart
Used for thinking
Brain
Incorrect Response
Identifies the heart only.
Identifies the brain only.
Other incorrect (including crossed out, erased, stray marks, illegible, or off task), including the
following response: Mind
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
70
70
66
63
62
54
30

42
Item label: Write body parts beside function (continued)

S051057:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
done for you.
Function
Body Part
Supports the body
Skeleton

Used for thinking
Incorrect Response:
done for you.
Function
Body Part
Supports the body
Skeleton

Used for thinking
43
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
LIFE SCIENCE
Human Health
Knowing
Item label: Calcium important for growth
Harry grows two centimeters in one month.
Education system
Percent
correct
Why is eating food that contains calcium important for Harrys growth?
Japan
Denmark
Finland
Kazakhstan
England-GBR
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Spain
Portugal
Lithuania
Slovak Republic
Chile
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Singapore
Poland
Italy
Romania
Korea, Rep. of
Sweden
Australia
New Zealand
Hungary
Thailand
United States
Germany
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Azerbaijan
Saudi Arabia
Austria
Armenia
Bahrain
Turkey
Norway
Serbia
Croatia
Slovenia
Malta
Qatar
Netherlands
Georgia
Oman
Tunisia
Morocco
Kuwait
Yemen
49
46
42
40
38
37
35
35
31
30
30
28
28
27
27
25
24
24
22
21
21
21
21
20
19
19
18
18
17
16
15
14
13
13
13
12
11
11
11
10
10
10
9
9
8
8
7
5
5
4
2
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to calcium being needed to make (strong) bones.
Examples:
He needs the calcium for his bones.
His bones are growing and he needs calcium to make them.
Incorrect Response
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
32
29
22
21
16
11
11

44
Item label: Calcium important for growth (continued)

S051173:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
45
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Classification and Properties

of Matter
Reasoning
Item label: Marias experiment with salt/water
Maria designed an experiment using salt and water. The results of her
experiment are shown in the table.
Amount of
Salt Dissolved
Water
Volume
Water
Temperature
Was Mixture
Stirred?
15 grams
50 ml
25o C
Yes
30 grams
100 ml
25 C
Yes
45 grams
150 ml
25o C
Yes
200 ml
Yes
60 grams
25 C
What was Maria studying in her experiment?

A.
How much salt will dissolve in different volumes of water.
B.
How much salt will dissolve at different temperatures.
C.
If stirring increases how fast salt will dissolve.
D.
If stirring decreases how fast salt will dissolve.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Singapore
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
United States
England-GBR
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Finland
Denmark
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Australia
Italy
Germany
Hungary
Croatia
Serbia
Austria
Slovak Republic
Lithuania
Ireland
Sweden
Portugal
Slovenia
New Zealand
Turkey
Netherlands
Romania
Malta
Norway
Chile
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Spain
Kazakhstan
Poland
Oman
Thailand
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Morocco
Georgia
Armenia
Yemen
Tunisia
84
75
68
64
64
63
63
59
59
59
58
58
56
55
55
55
54
54
54
53
53
52
52
52
52
52
51
50
49
48
48
47
46
45
45
44
44
44
43
41
39
38
37
36
36
33
32
27
26
20
16
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
72
71
59
59
52
49
41

46
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Sources and Effects of Energy
Reasoning
Item label: Two carts holding magnets

S

N
The figure shows two carts, each holding a magnet. The carts are moved close
together and then let go.
Describe what will happen to the carts.
(You may draw a picture to help explain your answer.)
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to carts repelling, moving apart from each other, or NOT being attracted to each other (or
similar). [May draw diagram to indicate this.]
Examples:
The magnets repel because two north poles pull apart.
They will push each other away.
The carts will spread apart.
The two carts will not stick together.
Incorrect Response
Refers only to the two carts being attracted WITHOUT any mention of turning so N-S poles are
attracted.
Example: They will stick together.
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
United States
England-GBR
Romania
Hong Kong-CHN
Russian Federation
Slovenia
Austria
Germany
Ireland
Denmark
Malta
Hungary
Kuwait
Finland
Slovak Republic
Portugal
Sweden
Serbia
Thailand
Australia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Czech Republic
Bahrain
Qatar
Kazakhstan
Saudi Arabia
Lithuania
Spain
Turkey
Azerbaijan
Chile
Georgia
Poland
Oman
Norway
Italy
Croatia
Armenia
Yemen
Tunisia
Morocco
90
88
87
77
58
53
51
50
49
48
48
48
43
42
42
40
40
40
38
37
37
36
36
36
36
35
34
33
32
32
31
30
27
27
27
27
26
26
25
23
23
22
22
21
19
18
17
11
2
2
1
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
64
55
54
50
33
32
31

47
Item label: Two carts holding magnets (continued)

S031076:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
48
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Object in circuit for bulb to glow
The following picture shows a lightbulb connected to a battery in an electrical

circuit. Which of the following objects connected to Points 1 and 2 will allow the
bulb to glow?
Point 1
Point 2
A.
iron nail
B.
plastic spoon
C.
rubber band
D.
wooden stick
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Singapore
Austria
Germany
Slovak Republic
Finland
United States
Hong Kong-CHN
England-GBR
Korea, Rep. of
Sweden
Portugal
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Ireland
Serbia
Denmark
Malta
Romania
Poland
Lithuania
New Zealand
Australia
Hungary
Croatia
Russian Federation
Spain
Oman
Thailand
Norway
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Italy
Netherlands
Qatar
Armenia
Chile
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Georgia
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Morocco
Yemen
Kuwait
94
94
94
89
88
87
86
84
84
84
83
82
79
79
78
77
76
76
76
75
75
75
74
74
74
74
74
73
73
72
71
71
68
68
67
63
62
62
62
61
61
60
59
57
57
56
53
46
43
36
34
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
91
80
78
76
71
69
58

49
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: Two uses of electricity-DERIVED
Name two things electricity can be used for in daily life.

Use 1:
Use 2:
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to providing light.
Refers to supplying heat.
Refers to an electrical household appliance or device.
Refers to transportation.
Other correct
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Sweden
Ireland
Thailand
England-GBR
Singapore
Australia
Japan
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Denmark
Lithuania
United States
Bahrain
Netherlands
Austria
Chinese Taipei-CHN
New Zealand
Italy
Hungary
Germany
Czech Republic
Norway
Poland
Saudi Arabia
Hong Kong-CHN
Portugal
Russian Federation
Spain
Kazakhstan
Malta
Croatia
Romania
Chile
Qatar
Azerbaijan
Oman
Georgia
Kuwait
Serbia
Tunisia
Armenia
Turkey
Yemen
Morocco
91
82
78
77
76
75
75
74
72
71
71
70
70
70
69
68
68
67
66
66
65
64
64
63
63
61
60
58
58
57
57
56
56
54
52
51
50
48
44
44
41
41
40
39
37
36
29
26
20
12
8
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Incorrect Response
Response too vague. [Connection to light, heat or other use not clear.]
Examples
It helps us.
To read and write.
Education system
50
70
70
69
66
59
56
50

Item label: Two uses of electricity (continued)

S031197Z:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Use 1:
Use 2:
Incorrect Response:
Use 1:
Use 2:
51
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Classification and Properties of

Matter
Applying
Item label: Coarse & fine salt added to water
Coarse salt and fine salt are added to water and then stirred as shown in the
picture.
Coarse Salt
Fine Salt
A. Which statement is true?

(Check one box.)
Coarse salt will dissolve faster.
Fine salt will dissolve faster.
They both will dissolve in the same amount of time.
SCORING
Correct Response
FINE with an explanation based on smaller particles dissolving faster (or similar).
Examples:
The fine salt has the smallest size of crystals, so they will dissolve faster.
The coarse salt is in big blocks that do not dissolve very well.
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
United States
Singapore
Slovenia
Serbia
Italy
Finland
Germany
Australia
Denmark
Turkey
England-GBR
Netherlands
Croatia
Sweden
Portugal
New Zealand
Austria
Chile
Slovak Republic
Kazakhstan
Romania
Thailand
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Lithuania
Czech Republic
Hungary
Russian Federation
Poland
Saudi Arabia
Spain
Norway
Oman
Armenia
Qatar
Georgia
Bahrain
Tunisia
Azerbaijan
Kuwait
Malta
Yemen
Morocco
79
60
58
56
54
52
52
51
50
47
47
46
45
45
44
44
44
44
42
42
42
41
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
37
37
37
35
33
33
30
28
26
24
23
22
22
22
22
21
20
19
17
12
10
5
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
The fine salt is already partly broken down.
Incorrect Response
FINE with no explanation or an incorrect explanation. [May include a true statement that does not
answer the question.]
Example: The fine salt is lighter.
COARSE with or without explanation.
BOTH with or without explanation.
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
60
59
55
51
49
30
16

52
picture.
Coarse Salt
Fine Salt
Item label: Coarse & fine salt added to water (continued)

S031204:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
(Check one box.)
picture.
Coarse Salt
Fine Salt
Incorrect Response:
(Check one box.)
53
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Metal spoon and wooden spoon
A metal spoon and a wooden spoon are used to stir a pot of hot soup.
After a few minutes, the metal spoon feels hotter than the wooden spoon.
What explains this?
A.
Metal is always hotter than wood.
B.
Metal conducts heat better than wood.
C.
Metal conducts electricity better than wood.
D.
Metal heats up the water better than the wood.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Singapore
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
England-GBR
United States
Serbia
Hungary
Sweden
Italy
Australia
Ireland
Russian Federation
Spain
Germany
Austria
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Slovenia
Denmark
Poland
Portugal
Georgia
Romania
Thailand
Azerbaijan
Netherlands
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Qatar
Chile
Lithuania
New Zealand
Tunisia
Croatia
Norway
Czech Republic
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Slovak Republic
Malta
Oman
Kuwait
Morocco
Armenia
Yemen
96
89
87
86
82
72
70
68
68
66
65
65
65
64
63
63
62
61
61
58
57
56
55
54
54
54
53
52
51
51
50
49
49
49
47
47
47
46
46
46
44
42
42
42
42
40
36
34
34
33
29
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
71
70
67
60
51
49
42

54
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Boiled egg in cold water
A hot, boiled egg is put into a cup of cold water. What happens to the
temperature of the water and the egg?
A.
The water gets colder and the egg gets warmer.
B.
The water gets warmer and the egg gets colder.
C.
The water temperature stays the same and the egg gets colder.
D.
Both the water and the egg get warmer.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Romania
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
Slovak Republic
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Portugal
Serbia
Russian Federation
Georgia
Lithuania
Morocco
United States
Saudi Arabia
Italy
Croatia
Armenia
Kuwait
Thailand
Finland
Qatar
Bahrain
Poland
England-GBR
Chile
Norway
Ireland
Denmark
Germany
Czech Republic
Hungary
Malta
Austria
Slovenia
Yemen
Oman
Australia
New Zealand
Sweden
Tunisia
Spain
Kazakhstan
Netherlands
73
67
54
52
51
51
43
43
43
41
39
39
38
37
37
35
35
34
34
34
34
34
33
32
31
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
29
29
28
28
27
27
27
27
27
26
26
26
26
26
25
24
23
21
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
33
32
31
30
27
25
15

55
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: Sunlight made up of colors
Name one thing you have seen that shows that sunlight is made up of different
colors.
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to a prism (or equivalent).
Example: Light shining into broken glass.
Refers to a rainbow.
Refers to sunset or sunrise (or similar).
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Serbia
Romania
Portugal
Denmark
Ireland
United States
Hong Kong-CHN
Croatia
Finland
Russian Federation
Spain
Lithuania
Korea, Rep. of
Italy
Sweden
Germany
Netherlands
Australia
Czech Republic
Slovak Republic
Bahrain
England-GBR
New Zealand
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Chile
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Turkey
Azerbaijan
Austria
Slovenia
Norway
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Georgia
Japan
Malta
Qatar
Thailand
Poland
Tunisia
Armenia
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
68
63
62
54
53
52
51
50
50
49
47
45
45
45
43
43
42
42
41
41
40
39
39
39
39
38
37
37
37
37
36
35
34
33
33
33
32
31
31
30
29
29
28
25
22
22
19
17
16
13
5
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Example: When the sun goes down.

Other correct
Examples:
Soap bubbles.
Oil slicks.
Incorrect Response
Example: Day and night.
Day and night.
58
58
54
51
33
31
25

Glass
Mirror
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
56
Item label: Sunlight made up of colors (continued)

S031299:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
57
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Forces and Motion
Knowing
Item label: Force that causes object to fall
What causes an object to fall to the ground when you let it drop from your hand?
A.
magnetism
B.
gravity
C.
air resistance
D.
the push from your hand
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Slovak Republic
United States
Hong Kong-CHN
England-GBR
Australia
Korea, Rep. of
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Denmark
Netherlands
Ireland
Sweden
Turkey
Spain
Japan
Singapore
New Zealand
Norway
Germany
Bahrain
Poland
Romania
Saudi Arabia
Austria
Serbia
Hungary
Russian Federation
Italy
Georgia
Thailand
Kuwait
Chile
Slovenia
Portugal
Czech Republic
Croatia
Malta
Oman
Qatar
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Yemen
Tunisia
Lithuania
Armenia
Morocco
85
83
81
80
80
79
79
78
78
73
71
71
71
70
70
70
68
66
66
65
65
65
63
63
63
62
62
62
61
61
60
60
59
58
57
56
56
56
56
51
50
49
46
45
45
43
34
34
31
28
23
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
81
80
79
76
63
60
52

58
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Applying
Item label: Heat to change state of water
During freezing, melting, and boiling, water changes from one state to another
state.
Heat needs to be supplied for which of these to take place?
A.
boiling only
B.
melting only
C.
melting and freezing but not boiling
D.
melting and boiling but not freezing
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Germany
Austria
Slovenia
Singapore
Russian Federation
Korea, Rep. of
Croatia
United States
Finland
Lithuania
Chile
Sweden
Norway
England-GBR
Hungary
Serbia
Italy
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Kazakhstan
Poland
Malta
New Zealand
Australia
Bahrain
Thailand
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Slovak Republic
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Qatar
Turkey
Denmark
Romania
Spain
Armenia
Kuwait
Oman
Czech Republic
Portugal
Azerbaijan
Netherlands
Georgia
Yemen
Morocco
73
68
67
66
66
64
62
61
60
59
58
57
54
53
51
50
50
50
50
50
49
49
48
48
47
47
46
45
44
44
44
43
43
42
41
41
40
40
39
38
37
37
35
35
35
34
34
33
27
27
25
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Quebec-CAN
69
65
59
54
46
42
37

59
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Knowing
Item label: Which is a mixture
Which of these is a mixture?

A.
salt water
B.
sugar
C.
water vapor
D.
salt
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Turkey
Korea, Rep. of
Georgia
United States
Portugal
Finland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Azerbaijan
Hungary
Romania
Austria
Denmark
Singapore
Bahrain
Russian Federation
Armenia
Spain
Saudi Arabia
Germany
England-GBR
Ireland
Chile
Sweden
Lithuania
Norway
Oman
New Zealand
Australia
Netherlands
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
Italy
Qatar
Serbia
Kazakhstan
Malta
Poland
Slovak Republic
Kuwait
Slovenia
Czech Republic
Morocco
Croatia
Thailand
Tunisia
Yemen
88
82
79
79
78
77
76
76
75
75
75
75
75
73
73
72
72
71
71
69
69
69
68
67
67
66
65
65
65
65
64
64
64
61
60
59
58
57
57
54
53
52
52
51
48
47
42
40
37
35
34
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
77
76
74
73
70
65
65

60
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Applying
Item label: Position of piece of ice in water
A piece of ice is placed in a glass of water. Which picture best shows the position
of the ice in the water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Japan
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Denmark
United States
Sweden
Hong Kong-CHN
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Australia
Norway
Netherlands
Czech Republic
New Zealand
England-GBR
Croatia
Slovenia
Ireland
Thailand
Portugal
Russian Federation
Chile
Lithuania
Austria
Slovak Republic
Spain
Malta
Germany
Poland
Hungary
Italy
Bahrain
Qatar
Romania
Serbia
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Oman
Turkey
Georgia
Yemen
Armenia
Morocco
Tunisia
83
76
75
74
73
61
60
59
59
58
55
55
53
52
52
51
51
51
51
50
49
49
48
46
46
45
44
44
43
43
41
40
39
37
37
33
31
29
28
28
26
26
25
22
22
21
21
18
18
14
12
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
69
68
64
62
57
38
28

61
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Knowing
Item label: Materials that will burn
Some of the materials below will burn and some will not.
Put an X in the box next to the materials that will burn.
(You may put an X in more than one box.)
water
wood
sand
gasoline
air
SCORING
Correct Response
Wood AND Gasoline (no incorrect materials are checked).
Incorrect Response
Wood AND Air (no other materials are checked)
Gasoline AND Air (no other materials are checked)
Water OR Sand (even if correct materials are also checked)
Education system
Percent
correct
Germany
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
Croatia
Finland
Hungary
Austria
Lithuania
Serbia
Romania
Slovak Republic
Denmark
Netherlands
Kazakhstan
Turkey
Poland
Azerbaijan
Japan
Portugal
Italy
Armenia
Slovenia
Norway
Ireland
Georgia
England-GBR
Sweden
Australia
United States
Spain
Chile
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Saudi Arabia
Korea, Rep. of
New Zealand
Bahrain
Singapore
Malta
Hong Kong-CHN
Tunisia
Oman
Thailand
Qatar
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
87
87
86
81
81
80
80
78
77
76
74
73
73
73
72
71
69
68
67
66
64
64
64
63
62
62
61
61
60
60
57
56
55
55
54
52
52
51
51
51
50
50
47
45
43
40
36
35
30
23
17
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
60
59
58
57
54
50
45

62
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Reasoning
Item label: Styrofoam-brick-apple weigh more
Jacks teacher places three objects on a table, as shown below. She puts them in
order according to their volume.
styrofoam
brick
apple
Jack thinks that objects with more volume weigh more.

A. Do you agree with him?
(Check one box.)
Yes
No
SCORING
Correct Response
No with an explanation based on weight and/or denseness of material.
Examples:
Styrofoam is much larger than the other two objects and it probably does not weigh as much.
The brick has a smaller volume but it probably weighs more than the styrofoam.
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Austria
Serbia
Russian Federation
Finland
Korea, Rep. of
Hungary
Norway
Portugal
Poland
Sweden
Italy
Czech Republic
Lithuania
Slovak Republic
Singapore
Germany
Hong Kong-CHN
Croatia
United States
Denmark
Japan
Kazakhstan
Slovenia
Australia
Spain
Chile
Netherlands
Ireland
England-GBR
New Zealand
Romania
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Thailand
Kuwait
Oman
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Bahrain
Malta
Armenia
Tunisia
Qatar
Yemen
Morocco
74
74
72
71
71
68
68
62
61
58
56
56
55
54
53
52
51
49
47
46
46
45
45
45
43
43
42
42
41
40
40
39
39
39
38
36
35
30
24
23
21
19
19
19
19
19
18
15
12
3
#
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
rounds to zero.
The styrofoam is the least dense but it has more volume than the other two.
Incorrect Response
No with an incorrect or no explanation.
Yes with an explanation based on objects with more volume weighing more.
Examples:
The styrofoam is bigger so it has to weigh more.
It has to have volume to weigh more.
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
52
51
51
49
40
24
18

# Rounds to zero
63
Item label: Styrofoam-brick-apple weigh more (continued)

S041048:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
(Check one box.)
Yes
No
Incorrect Response:
(Check one box.)
Yes
No
64
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Reasoning
Item label: Properties of two materials
The table below shows the properties of two materials.

Properties of Material 1
Properties of Material 2
Conducts heat quickly
Conducts heat slowly
Solid
Solid
Does not dissolve in water
Dissolves in water
Attracted by magnets
Not attracted by magnets
Which statement about materials 1 and 2 is most likely to be correct?

A.
Material 1 is glass, and material 2 is clay.
B.
Material 1 is copper, and material 2 is wood.
C.
Material 1 is iron, and material 2 is sugar.
D.
Material 1 is cork, and material 2 is gold.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Singapore
Japan
Korea, Rep. of
Russian Federation
Finland
Hong Kong-CHN
Netherlands
Portugal
Croatia
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Serbia
Turkey
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Kazakhstan
Sweden
United States
Germany
Austria
Poland
Lithuania
Italy
England-GBR
Romania
Denmark
Spain
Australia
Azerbaijan
New Zealand
Ireland
Saudi Arabia
Chile
Bahrain
Thailand
Norway
Qatar
Malta
Oman
Kuwait
Georgia
Armenia
Tunisia
Yemen
Morocco
81
78
74
69
67
66
66
62
60
59
59
58
58
53
51
51
50
50
50
50
50
49
49
49
48
47
47
46
46
44
43
42
41
40
40
39
39
37
37
37
36
36
34
33
32
32
30
29
26
25
24
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
51
46
44
44
44
42
35

65
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Applying
Item label: Identifies gas
Diagram 1 shows a container X that is filled with a material that could be a solid,
liquid, or gas. The container has been sealed with a glass sheet. Container X is
placed upside down on an empty container Y, as shown in Diagram 2.
Diagram 1
glass sheet
Diagram 2
glass sheet
container X
container X
container Y
The glass sheet is removed.

A. Which of the diagrams below shows what you would see if the material in
container X is a gas?
(Check one box.)
Diagram 3
Diagram 4
Diagram 5
SCORING
Correct Response
Diagram 3 and explains that gases expand (or increase in volume) OR that they fill a container
(rise up/spread out to take the shape of a container) OR have no definite shape.
Examples:
Gas does not have a definite volume or shape.
Gas would fill the space.
Incorrect Response
Diagram 3 with an incorrect or no explanation.
Example: Diagram 3: It looks like a gas.
Diagram 4 with or without an explanation.
Diagram 5 with or without an explanation.
Education system
Percent
correct
Russian Federation
Finland
Italy
Singapore
England-GBR
United States
Korea, Rep. of
Romania
Australia
Austria
Sweden
Kazakhstan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Netherlands
Turkey
Portugal
Czech Republic
Hungary
Slovenia
New Zealand
Ireland
Poland
Hong Kong-CHN
Denmark
Serbia
Spain
Chile
Japan
Germany
Slovak Republic
Oman
Malta
Croatia
Norway
Qatar
Bahrain
Morocco
Azerbaijan
Thailand
Armenia
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Kuwait
Georgia
Yemen
Lithuania
41
37
33
30
30
29
28
26
26
24
24
24
24
22
22
21
21
21
21
20
20
19
18
18
18
17
16
16
16
16
16
15
14
14
14
14
13
13
11
11
10
10
9
7
6
6
6
5
4
#
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
rounds to zero.
not applicable.
29
21
20
19
17
16
11

Not applicable
66
# Rounds to zero

Item label: Identifies gas (continued)

S041060:
Diagram 1
glass sheet
Diagram 2
glass sheet
container X
Student Responses
container X
container Y
Correct Response:

(Check one box.)
Diagram 3
Diagram 4
Diagram 5

Diagram 1
glass sheet
Diagram 2
glass sheet
container X
container X
container Y
Incorrect Response:

(Check one box.)
Diagram 3
Diagram 4
Diagram 5
67
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: Type of energy that runs objects
lamp
computer
iron
What type of energy runs the objects shown above?
SCORING
Correct Response
States that electrical energy runs the objects shown in the diagram.
Examples:
They run by electrical energy.
They all plug into electricity.
Incorrect Response
Education system
Percent
correct
Finland
Japan
Korea, Rep. of
England-GBR
Russian Federation
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Lithuania
Hungary
Romania
Portugal
Netherlands
Thailand
Spain
Poland
Austria
Sweden
Denmark
Croatia
Hong Kong-CHN
Serbia
Slovenia
Kazakhstan
Ireland
Germany
Singapore
Australia
United States
Turkey
Czech Republic
Slovak Republic
Georgia
Italy
Norway
Bahrain
Chile
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Tunisia
New Zealand
Armenia
Malta
Qatar
Kuwait
Oman
Morocco
Yemen
85
85
83
80
78
78
76
76
75
75
74
73
73
72
69
68
68
67
67
64
64
64
63
63
62
62
62
62
61
61
60
60
59
59
58
55
55
52
51
48
45
45
43
43
40
38
32
21
20
16
12
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
73
63
60
60
60
44
39

68
Item label: Type of energy that runs objects (continued)

S041067:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
69
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Shadow along which line
A spotlight shines on a girl on a stage.
Her shadow would be seen along which line?

A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Japan
Korea, Rep. of
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
Slovak Republic
Lithuania
Slovenia
Hungary
Russian Federation
Czech Republic
United States
Germany
Austria
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Netherlands
Serbia
Romania
Croatia
Sweden
England-GBR
Thailand
Australia
New Zealand
Denmark
Ireland
Qatar
Spain
Chile
Italy
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
Norway
Poland
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Malta
Turkey
Morocco
Oman
Kuwait
Armenia
Tunisia
Yemen
87
83
79
77
74
70
69
69
68
67
67
63
62
62
62
61
61
61
60
60
60
59
58
58
58
57
57
57
56
56
56
55
54
53
52
52
52
51
50
49
49
48
47
47
47
43
42
41
38
33
30
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
65
57
56
54
51
49
49

70
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Forces and Motion
Knowing
Item label: Force causing boat to sail
The picture shows a boat sailing.
Which force causes the boat to move?

A.
gravity
B.
wind
C.
friction
D.
magnetism
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Austria
Croatia
Poland
Germany
Finland
Italy
Portugal
Russian Federation
Sweden
Australia
Serbia
Denmark
Netherlands
Slovak Republic
Norway
New Zealand
Ireland
Lithuania
Hungary
Japan
United States
Spain
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Romania
England-GBR
Hong Kong-CHN
Malta
Bahrain
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Chile
Tunisia
Georgia
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Thailand
Armenia
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
99
98
98
98
98
97
97
97
96
96
96
95
95
95
95
94
94
94
93
93
93
93
93
93
93
92
92
91
91
91
90
90
90
88
88
87
87
87
86
85
84
83
83
81
81
80
79
75
74
71
60
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
95
94
94
94
93
87
86

71
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: Objects that produce light
Which two objects produce their own light?

A.
candle and moon
B.
moon and mirror
C.
Sun and candle
D.
mirror and Sun
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Czech Republic
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Georgia
Slovenia
Croatia
Lithuania
Finland
Azerbaijan
Portugal
Romania
Italy
Oman
Russian Federation
Spain
Qatar
Serbia
Bahrain
United States
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
Austria
Germany
Kuwait
Turkey
Armenia
Poland
Malta
Chile
Kazakhstan
New Zealand
Australia
Ireland
Yemen
Hungary
England-GBR
Netherlands
Tunisia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Denmark
Korea, Rep. of
Thailand
Morocco
Japan
Norway
Hong Kong-CHN
86
81
70
65
64
62
59
59
58
57
56
56
56
55
55
54
54
53
53
52
51
51
50
50
50
49
48
48
48
47
46
46
46
45
45
45
44
44
43
42
41
41
40
40
39
38
36
36
35
32
28
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
57
56
53
51
45
45
39

72
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Knowing
Item label: Describes condensation
Which of the following describes condensation?

A.
a liquid changing to a solid
B.
a solid changing to a liquid
C.
a solid changing to a gas
D.
a gas changing to a liquid
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
England-GBR
Korea, Rep. of
Lithuania
Kuwait
Portugal
Poland
Singapore
Bahrain
Russian Federation
New Zealand
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Qatar
United States
Australia
Czech Republic
Ireland
Hungary
Malta
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Serbia
Chile
Sweden
Romania
Yemen
Italy
Netherlands
Armenia
Georgia
Slovak Republic
Morocco
Turkey
Denmark
Slovenia
Germany
Spain
Finland
Norway
Croatia
Tunisia
Austria
Japan
Thailand
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Hong Kong-CHN
42
41
41
40
39
38
36
35
34
33
33
32
32
32
32
32
31
31
30
30
29
29
29
28
28
28
28
27
27
27
26
26
25
25
24
24
23
23
22
21
20
20
19
18
18
18
16
16
12
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
42
37
35
33
30
23
22

Not applicable
73
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Forces and Motion
Reasoning
Item label: A balance and four cubes
Stephanie has a balance and four cubes (1, 2, 3, 4). The cubes are made of
different materials.
She puts two cubes at a time on the balance and observes the following results.
1
3
2
What can she know about the weight of cube 2?

A.
It is heavier than cubes 1, 3, and 4.
B.
It is heavier than cube 1 but lighter than cubes 3 and 4.
C.
D.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Korea, Rep. of
Hong Kong-CHN
Japan
Portugal
Ireland
Finland
Netherlands
Australia
Norway
United States
Russian Federation
Serbia
Kazakhstan
Germany
England-GBR
New Zealand
Lithuania
Austria
Croatia
Italy
Romania
Sweden
Denmark
Turkey
Spain
Slovak Republic
Malta
Slovenia
Hungary
Bahrain
Czech Republic
Qatar
Thailand
Chile
Azerbaijan
Saudi Arabia
Poland
Georgia
Oman
Armenia
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
Tunisia
74
70
70
68
66
57
54
53
52
50
50
50
49
49
49
49
49
49
48
47
47
46
45
45
44
44
44
44
44
44
43
43
41
40
40
39
39
39
37
36
36
35
35
33
31
31
30
27
23
19
18
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
50
49
48
48
48
40
36

74
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Thermometer reading hottest water
Four different thermometers were used to measure the temperature of water in

four different beakers.
Which thermometer reading belongs to the hottest water?
A.
100
100
100
100
80
80
80
80
60
60
60
40
B.
C.
40
20
20
40
D.
60
40
20
20
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Netherlands
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Russian Federation
Slovak Republic
Korea, Rep. of
Hungary
Ireland
Japan
Singapore
Austria
Sweden
Serbia
Lithuania
Finland
Croatia
Slovenia
Italy
Hong Kong-CHN
Poland
Germany
Portugal
United States
Chile
Denmark
New Zealand
Georgia
Australia
England-GBR
Czech Republic
Spain
Norway
Kazakhstan
Romania
Saudi Arabia
Malta
Turkey
Bahrain
Thailand
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Qatar
Oman
Kuwait
Morocco
Tunisia
Yemen
98
98
98
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
96
96
96
96
96
96
95
95
95
95
95
94
94
94
94
93
93
93
93
92
92
91
91
91
91
89
89
89
89
87
87
85
81
81
80
79
79
77
76
62
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
94
94
93
93
92
87
85

75
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Forces and Motion
Reasoning
Item label: Children on seesaw
Nick rides on a seesaw with his sister Kate and then with his brother Leon. Nick
is the same weight as Kate, but Leon is twice the weight of Nick.
Nick
Kate
Leon
Which figure shows where the children should sit so that Nick can balance first
with Kate and then with Leon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Japan
Sweden
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Germany
Denmark
Lithuania
Slovenia
Austria
Russian Federation
Norway
Serbia
Hungary
Singapore
Slovak Republic
England-GBR
New Zealand
Hong Kong-CHN
Australia
Croatia
United States
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Romania
Italy
Kazakhstan
Ireland
Spain
Poland
Portugal
Azerbaijan
Chile
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Malta
Thailand
Georgia
Qatar
Oman
Bahrain
Armenia
Morocco
Kuwait
Tunisia
Yemen
81
68
66
63
63
61
61
60
56
54
53
52
52
51
51
51
50
50
49
48
48
47
47
46
46
45
44
42
42
40
40
40
39
38
38
37
37
36
35
34
34
31
30
30
27
27
25
21
21
20
16
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
52
51
49
45
41
32
28

76
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Will the bulb light
Gerry connects a battery, a light bulb, and some wire as shown below.
+
A. Will the bulb light?

(Check one box.)
Yes
No
SCORING
Correct Response
No with an explanation that the bulb does not light because the circuit is incomplete.
Examples:
No There is a gap in the wires.
No The two wires on the right have to be connected.
Incorrect Response
Yes with an explanation that the bulb would light up if he were to join the wires together.
Other Incorrect (including crossed out, erased, stray marks, illegible, or off task)
Education system
Percent
correct
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
England-GBR
Slovenia
Singapore
Germany
United States
Bahrain
Slovak Republic
Turkey
Korea, Rep. of
Oman
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Finland
Qatar
Lithuania
Malta
Austria
Denmark
Sweden
Czech Republic
Romania
Serbia
Russian Federation
Netherlands
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Thailand
New Zealand
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Australia
Armenia
Spain
Croatia
Poland
Hungary
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Chile
Tunisia
Italy
Morocco
Norway
Yemen
72
68
59
56
51
42
42
40
40
36
35
34
34
33
33
32
32
30
30
30
29
27
27
27
26
26
25
25
25
24
22
22
20
20
20
19
18
17
15
14
14
14
13
13
12
11
11
10
10
7
5
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
43
30
28
24
21
15
12

77
Item label: Will the bulb light (continued)

S051074:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
+

(Check one box.)
Yes
No
Incorrect Response:
+

(Check one box.)
Yes
No
78
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

of Matter
Knowing
Item label: Temperature of ice, steam, water
Water, ice, and steam all have different temperatures.
Education system
Percent
correct
What is the order from coldest to hottest?
United States
Netherlands
Singapore
Croatia
Czech Republic
Hong Kong-CHN
Italy
Russian Federation
Serbia
Australia
Slovak Republic
Denmark
Finland
Spain
Hungary
Slovenia
Chile
England-GBR
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Korea, Rep. of
Austria
Germany
Sweden
New Zealand
Ireland
Norway
Kazakhstan
Japan
Turkey
Romania
Bahrain
Lithuania
Malta
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Poland
Georgia
Qatar
Armenia
Oman
Kuwait
Thailand
Tunisia
Morocco
Yemen
Portugal
90
88
87
87
86
86
84
84
84
84
83
83
83
82
81
81
80
80
80
80
80
79
79
79
79
78
76
75
73
73
72
71
71
71
70
70
69
67
65
63
62
61
61
59
56
55
55
41
37
29
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
A.
ice, water, steam
B.
ice, steam, water
C.
steam, ice, water
D.
steam, water, ice
Correct Response:
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Not applicable.
94
90
86
85
73
72
70

Not applicable
79
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Reasoning
Item label: Two magnets and two metal pins
Betty has two magnets (A and B) and two metal pins that are the same.
Education system
Percent
correct
She slides Magnet A along a table until a pin is attracted to the magnet.
She slides Magnet B along a table until a pin is attracted to the magnet.
Singapore
Japan
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Finland
Sweden
United States
England-GBR
Portugal
Slovenia
Norway
Hong Kong-CHN
Netherlands
Serbia
Turkey
Denmark
Czech Republic
Germany
Ireland
Spain
Australia
Korea, Rep. of
Russian Federation
Kazakhstan
Poland
Georgia
Bahrain
New Zealand
Malta
Lithuania
Romania
Thailand
Italy
Hungary
Saudi Arabia
Austria
Slovak Republic
Chile
Tunisia
Qatar
Croatia
Kuwait
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Oman
Morocco
Yemen
66
50
47
41
37
37
35
35
35
32
32
31
30
30
29
29
28
28
28
28
27
27
27
27
27
26
26
26
26
26
25
25
24
23
23
23
23
22
21
20
20
19
19
17
17
15
14
12
6
5
1
B
magnets
pins
She finds that Magnet A attracts the pin from 15cm and Magnet B attracts the
pin from 10cm.
Steven says that both magnets are equally strong.
A. Do you agree?
(Check one box.)
Yes
No
SCORING
Correct Response
No with an explanation that a stronger magnet (i.e., Magnet A) can attract the pin from a further
distance.
Examples:
No Magnet A attracted the pin from a further distance than Magnet B, so it is stronger.
No Magnet B had to be closer to the pin so it is weaker.
No with an explanation that refers to different distances only.
Benchmarking
education system
Example: No The magnets attract from different lengths.
Incorrect Response
Incorrect (including crossed out, erased, stray marks, illegible, or off task), including responses that
refer to the strength of the magnet only.
Example: No Magnet A is stronger.
Ontario-CAN
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Percent
correct
39
38
34
34
31
22
17

80
She slides Magnet B along a table until a pin is attracted to the magnet.
Item label: Two magnets and two metal pins (continued)

B
S051119:
magnets
pins
Student Responses
from 10cm.
Correct pin
Response:

A. Do you agree?
(Check one box.)
Yes
BettyNo
has two magnets (A and B) and two metal pins that are the same.
She slides Magnet A along a table until a pin is attracted to the magnet.
B.
your answer.
SheExplain
slides Magnet
B along a table until a pin is attracted to the magnet.
A
B
magnets
pins
pinResponse:
from 10cm.
Incorrect

A. Do you agree?
(Check one box.)
Yes
No
81
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Sun reflection in a lake
Alice watches a sunrise from across a calm lake. She sees a sun in the sky and
a sun in the lake as shown below.
Why does Alice see a sun in the lake?

A.
The sunlight warms that part of the lake.
B.
The sky spreads sunlight over the lake.
C.
The sunlight reflects off the lake water.
D.
Clouds reflect sunlight into the lake.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Korea, Rep. of
Poland
Czech Republic
Austria
Italy
Spain
Finland
Germany
Japan
Ireland
United States
Singapore
Hungary
England-GBR
Netherlands
Portugal
Chile
Russian Federation
Sweden
Romania
Slovak Republic
Australia
New Zealand
Lithuania
Malta
Thailand
Hong Kong-CHN
Denmark
Bahrain
Slovenia
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Norway
Croatia
Serbia
Qatar
Kuwait
Georgia
Oman
Tunisia
Yemen
Morocco
Armenia
95
93
93
93
93
92
92
92
92
91
91
91
90
90
90
88
88
87
87
86
85
85
84
84
84
84
79
77
76
76
73
73
72
70
70
70
66
66
64
63
62
61
59
58
52
52
52
43
36
34
30
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
94
93
89
87
76
72
62

82
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Earth in the Solar System
Reasoning
Item label: Label Earth, Moon, and Sun
The figure below shows Earth, the Moon, and the Sun. Each body is labeled by a
number. The arrows show the direction each body is moving.
2
3
1
Fill in the correct number next to each body (1, 2 or 3).

Earth is body number: _______________
The Moon is body number: _______________
The Sun is body number: _______________
SCORING
Correct Response
Earth = 2
Moon = 3
Sun = 1
Incorrect Response
Only the Sun is correct (3 2 1)
Education system
Percent
correct
Portugal
Russian Federation
Korea, Rep. of
Slovak Republic
United States
Finland
Sweden
England-GBR
Norway
Spain
Chile
Hong Kong-CHN
Australia
Lithuania
Japan
Austria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Kuwait
Bahrain
Hungary
Malta
Ireland
Kazakhstan
Netherlands
Poland
Slovenia
Thailand
Singapore
Qatar
Romania
Germany
Italy
New Zealand
Croatia
Georgia
Saudi Arabia
Azerbaijan
Serbia
Turkey
Oman
Armenia
Tunisia
Morocco
Yemen
78
74
73
66
65
65
64
63
60
59
59
58
55
54
54
53
53
52
52
52
51
51
51
50
50
49
49
49
49
48
48
48
47
47
44
44
44
43
42
40
39
39
39
39
38
35
30
27
17
16
15
Benchmarking
education system
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Percent
correct
68
63
59
58
54
48
46

83
2
TIMSS
2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items
3
Item label: Label Earth, Moon, and Sun (continued)

1
S031044:
Student Responses
Fill in the correct number next to each body (1, 2 or 3).
Correct Response:
The figure below shows Earth, the Moon, and the Sun. Each body is labeled by a
number.
e arrows
show_______________
the direction each body is moving.
Th
e Sun isThbody
number:
2
3
1
IncorrectFill
Response:
in the correct number next to each body (1, 2 or 3).
The Sun is body number: _______________
84
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Earths Structure, Physical

Characteristics, and Resources
Knowing
Item label: Two ways to use air-DERIVED
Air is important for many things. What are two ways we use air?
1.
2.
SCORING
Correct Response
States that air (oxygen) is needed for breathing.
Example: Humans breathe air.
States that air (oxygen) is needed for fire, burning (or similar).
Example: Air is used in fire.
States that air is used to inflate things (e.g., balloons, balls, tires, blow bubbles, etc.).
Example: To blow up balloons.
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Sweden
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Kazakhstan
Singapore
Russian Federation
Finland
Serbia
Romania
Portugal
Japan
New Zealand
Lithuania
United States
Tunisia
Netherlands
Ireland
Hong Kong-CHN
Poland
Denmark
Slovak Republic
Bahrain
Italy
Hungary
Czech Republic
Spain
Saudi Arabia
Slovenia
Austria
Norway
Australia
Oman
Turkey
Chile
Qatar
Germany
Malta
England-GBR
Croatia
Thailand
Kuwait
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Yemen
Morocco
34
28
28
27
26
26
26
24
23
22
22
21
21
21
21
20
20
19
19
19
18
18
18
16
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
14
14
13
12
11
11
11
10
10
9
9
9
9
8
7
7
6
5
5
2
Benchmarking
education system
States an effect due to air movement or pressure (or similar).

Example: Air is needed for airplanes to fly.
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Dubai-UAE
Quebec-CAN
Other correct
Incorrect Response
Response too vague.
Example: To stay alive.
Refers only to plants needing air (or similar)
Education system
85
Percent
correct
19
18
15
15
15
13
9

Item label: Two ways to use air (continued)

S031088Z:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
1.
2.
Incorrect Response:
1.
2.
86
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Applying
Item label: Explanation for day and night
What is the correct explanation for why we have day and night on Earth?
A. The Sun orbits around the Earth.
B.
Earth orbits around the Sun.
C.
Earth turns on its axis.
D. The Sun turns on its axis.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Slovak Republic
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Lithuania
Chile
Azerbaijan
Germany
Bahrain
Slovenia
Saudi Arabia
Armenia
Austria
Portugal
Hong Kong-CHN
Qatar
Poland
Hungary
Finland
Turkey
Serbia
Georgia
England-GBR
Croatia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Kazakhstan
Spain
Romania
United States
Sweden
Australia
Singapore
Kuwait
Japan
Denmark
Thailand
Netherlands
Italy
Malta
Oman
New Zealand
Yemen
Korea, Rep. of
Ireland
Morocco
Tunisia
Norway
58
58
54
52
52
47
46
46
46
45
44
44
44
43
42
40
39
39
39
37
37
37
37
36
36
35
35
34
32
32
32
30
30
29
29
28
27
25
25
24
23
23
23
22
21
20
20
19
18
16
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Dubai-UAE
Florida-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
38
38
37
27
25
22
21

87
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Best soil for plants to grow in
Plants grow best in soils that are rich in which of the following?
A.
grains of sand
B.
lumps of clay
C.
layers of gravel
D.
decaying plants and animals
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Thailand
Czech Republic
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Croatia
Slovak Republic
Russian Federation
Serbia
Italy
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Sweden
Azerbaijan
Hungary
Denmark
Kazakhstan
Portugal
United States
Armenia
Hong Kong-CHN
New Zealand
Slovenia
Romania
England-GBR
Norway
Australia
Malta
Poland
Spain
Ireland
Chile
Austria
Japan
Bahrain
Germany
Oman
Lithuania
Qatar
Turkey
Tunisia
Georgia
Yemen
Morocco
Singapore
Netherlands
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
75
73
67
63
61
60
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
49
48
46
46
46
46
46
46
40
40
39
37
35
35
34
34
32
31
29
28
28
28
28
27
26
26
25
24
23
21
20
20
20
19
16
14
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
64
58
55
52
49
31
24

88
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Soil change due to natural causes
Which of these soil changes is due only to natural causes?

A.
Loss of minerals due to farming.
B.
Deserts forming due to tree cutting.
C.
Flooding due to dam construction.
D.
Minerals washing out due to heavy rain.
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Russian Federation
Japan
United States
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Croatia
Turkey
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Slovenia
Poland
Lithuania
Australia
Hong Kong-CHN
Italy
Czech Republic
Sweden
Portugal
Singapore
England-GBR
Romania
Ireland
New Zealand
Austria
Denmark
Georgia
Serbia
Saudi Arabia
Netherlands
Oman
Thailand
Spain
Bahrain
Armenia
Chile
Norway
Malta
Germany
Qatar
Kuwait
Morocco
Yemen
Tunisia
63
61
60
55
54
53
52
51
51
48
48
48
47
45
44
44
44
43
41
41
40
40
39
39
39
38
37
37
36
36
36
35
35
34
34
33
32
31
30
30
29
29
28
28
27
26
26
22
21
19
19
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Quebec-CAN
51
48
43
43
39
34
29

89
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Ways to avoid wasting water-DERIVED
There is a shortage of fresh water in many parts of the world.

Describe two things people can do to avoid wasting water.
1.
2.
SCORING
Correct Response
Mentions that faucets should not be left running (or similar).
Example: Dont leave the water running.
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Singapore
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Portugal
Australia
United States
Ireland
Hungary
Spain
Netherlands
Bahrain
Poland
Italy
Hong Kong-CHN
Germany
England-GBR
Austria
Denmark
Finland
Japan
Sweden
Slovak Republic
Kazakhstan
Chile
Saudi Arabia
Croatia
Malta
Norway
New Zealand
Czech Republic
Serbia
Turkey
Slovenia
Romania
Russian Federation
Qatar
Thailand
Oman
Tunisia
Kuwait
Lithuania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Morocco
Georgia
Yemen
70
52
51
50
42
41
41
41
41
36
35
34
33
33
33
33
32
31
31
30
29
29
28
28
28
28
27
27
26
25
24
24
23
21
20
20
18
18
17
16
15
15
14
14
12
12
9
6
4
2
1
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Mentions recycling, reusing or purifying water (or similar).

Example: Screen out dirt so you can drink the water.
Mentions a specific practical method to conserve or minimize the use of water.
Example: Have short showers.
Other correct
Incorrect Response
Gives a general/vague statement about not using or drinking (much) water. [No specific method
given.]
Example: Stop using water.
90
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
44
44
42
42
31
27
13

Item label: Ways to avoid wasting water (continued)

S031391Z:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
1.
2.
Incorrect Response:
1.
2.
91
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Drinking water comes from
Water that has its salt removed before it can be used as drinking water is most
likely to have come from
A.
underground
B.
a river
C.
a lake
D.
a sea
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Japan
Russian Federation
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Czech Republic
Finland
Sweden
Hong Kong-CHN
Serbia
Slovenia
Hungary
Singapore
Austria
Slovak Republic
Croatia
Netherlands
United States
Norway
England-GBR
Spain
Ireland
Denmark
Malta
Germany
Australia
New Zealand
Portugal
Chile
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
Georgia
Qatar
Oman
Turkey
Italy
Poland
Lithuania
Thailand
Kuwait
Romania
Morocco
Kazakhstan
Yemen
Tunisia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
88
83
82
76
75
74
74
73
73
72
71
71
68
68
67
66
65
65
64
63
62
61
61
60
58
57
57
57
56
55
55
54
54
50
50
48
48
48
45
44
43
42
42
41
38
32
31
30
30
28
21
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Florida-USA
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
70
69
65
62
59
52
51

92
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Earths Processes, Cycles,

and History
Knowing
Item label: Reason for direction river flows
The direction water flows in a river depends on

A.
the length of the river
B.
the slope of the land
C.
the type of rock over which the water flows
D.
the location of the North Pole
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Japan
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
Sweden
Singapore
Russian Federation
Slovak Republic
Australia
Netherlands
Romania
Czech Republic
Serbia
Italy
Ireland
United States
England-GBR
Germany
New Zealand
Croatia
Hungary
Austria
Norway
Spain
Kazakhstan
Georgia
Poland
Denmark
Portugal
Armenia
Turkey
Lithuania
Slovenia
Saudi Arabia
Thailand
Bahrain
Malta
Chile
Kuwait
Azerbaijan
Qatar
Yemen
Oman
Tunisia
Morocco
81
77
70
67
65
62
58
57
57
57
57
56
56
55
55
54
53
53
51
51
51
51
51
49
48
47
47
46
45
44
44
44
39
38
35
35
34
34
30
29
28
27
26
25
25
25
24
24
24
22
20
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
58
54
50
47
45
35
24

93
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: Energy received from the sun
Write down one form of energy Earth receives from the Sun.
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to light (sunlight).
Example: Light energy.
Refers to heat.
Example: It provides heat.
Education system
Percent
correct
Singapore
Korea, Rep. of
Slovak Republic
Hong Kong-CHN
Russian Federation
Netherlands
Italy
Romania
Ireland
England-GBR
Austria
Australia
United States
Kazakhstan
Portugal
Croatia
Serbia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Denmark
Japan
Czech Republic
Georgia
Norway
New Zealand
Turkey
Finland
Hungary
Slovenia
Chile
Lithuania
Thailand
Spain
Germany
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Poland
Sweden
Qatar
Malta
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Kuwait
Tunisia
Oman
Yemen
Morocco
82
79
75
73
73
69
69
68
68
68
66
64
63
63
62
62
62
61
61
61
59
59
59
59
57
56
55
55
54
54
54
53
53
53
52
51
48
47
47
46
45
44
40
38
37
35
29
29
24
12
9
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Refers to solar energy.

Example: Solar energy.
Incorrect Response
Examples:
Energy from the sun.
Sun.
Florida-USA
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
67
64
62
60
57
56
44

94
Item label: Energy received from the sun (continued)

S041110:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
95
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Advantage to farming by a river
The picture below shows a river flowing across a plain.
Farming is carried out on the plain and near the river.

There are advantages and disadvantages to farming along a river.
A. Describe one advantage.
Item Number: S041201A
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to the availability of water (for crops and/or animals) OR presence of fertile soil OR ability to
grow better crops.
Examples:
Lots of water for irrigation.
They can water their crops easily.
You would be able to get water for animals.
Incorrect Response
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Finland
Singapore
Portugal
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Czech Republic
Italy
Thailand
Germany
Russian Federation
Hong Kong-CHN
Austria
Romania
Sweden
England-GBR
Denmark
Netherlands
Ireland
Lithuania
United States
Poland
Australia
Croatia
Kazakhstan
Norway
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
New Zealand
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
Spain
Chile
Georgia
Japan
Bahrain
Azerbaijan
Malta
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Armenia
Tunisia
Kuwait
Oman
Morocco
Yemen
83
70
62
61
61
59
57
57
55
54
54
54
53
53
52
52
51
51
51
50
49
48
44
44
44
43
43
42
41
39
38
38
38
37
36
35
35
35
33
29
28
27
26
25
23
22
16
13
13
13
3
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
North Carolina-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Examples:
Having enough water for washing.
You can catch fish.
The crops will grow.
59
54
43
38
37
35
19

96
Item label: Advantage to farming by a river (continued)

S041201A:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
97
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Applying
Item label: Disadvantage to farming by a river
The picture below shows a river flowing across a plain.
Farming is carried out on the plain and near the river.

There are advantages and disadvantages to farming along a river.
B. Describe one disadvantage.
Item Number: S041201B
SCORING
Correct Response
Refers to the river flooding/overflowing OR the river being polluted/carrying pollutants OR animals
falling into the river.
Examples:
The river could flood.
Pollutions can flow from the fields down into the river.
The water may be poisoned.
Incorrect Response
Education system
Percent
correct
Korea, Rep. of
Czech Republic
Italy
Finland
Slovak Republic
Romania
Thailand
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Netherlands
Slovenia
Singapore
Austria
Ireland
Germany
Hong Kong-CHN
Denmark
Poland
Portugal
Hungary
England-GBR
Russian Federation
New Zealand
Australia
United States
Lithuania
Sweden
Turkey
Georgia
Japan
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Norway
Spain
Serbia
Chile
Croatia
Malta
Bahrain
Armenia
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Tunisia
Morocco
Kuwait
Yemen
64
60
55
55
55
53
52
52
52
51
49
47
46
46
45
44
44
44
43
43
43
42
39
38
36
35
34
34
33
32
29
26
25
25
25
24
24
23
22
22
16
15
15
14
13
11
7
7
6
5
1
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Florida-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Examples:
In the winter the water freezes over and you go skating and fall in.
Something will fall into the water.
The river is dangerous.
42
36
35
25
24
21
9

98
Item label: Disadvantage to farming by a river (continued)

S041201B:
Student Responses
Correct Response:
Incorrect Response:
99
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Knowing
Item label: How often Earth rotates on axis
How often does Earth rotate on its axis?

A.
once every 12 hours
B.
once every 24 hours
C.
once every month
D.
once every year
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Slovak Republic
Portugal
Bahrain
Slovenia
Lithuania
Spain
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Romania
Qatar
Japan
Chile
Austria
Russian Federation
Hungary
Germany
Thailand
Italy
Oman
United States
Netherlands
Korea, Rep. of
Czech Republic
Serbia
Croatia
Poland
England-GBR
Denmark
Norway
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Hong Kong-CHN
Finland
Singapore
New Zealand
Australia
Armenia
Malta
Sweden
Ireland
Morocco
Kuwait
Yemen
Tunisia
70
69
69
67
67
66
65
65
64
63
63
59
59
59
59
58
58
57
57
55
54
54
53
53
53
53
52
52
52
51
51
50
49
49
48
47
47
46
45
45
44
44
44
43
42
42
42
39
37
37
36
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Alberta-CAN
Ontario-CAN
59
57
55
51
46
44
41

100
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE

Knowing
Item label: Which made from waterfall energy
A river flowing over a waterfall has a lot of energy.
Which of the following is made from waterfall energy?

A.
hot water
B.
solar power
C.
electricity
D.
drinking water
Correct Response:
Education system
Percent
correct
Austria
Serbia
Germany
Finland
Romania
Croatia
Norway
Sweden
Azerbaijan
Korea, Rep. of
Italy
Hong Kong-CHN
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Portugal
Thailand
Hungary
Netherlands
Slovenia
Kazakhstan
Georgia
Denmark
Armenia
Poland
Lithuania
Spain
Japan
Turkey
Slovak Republic
New Zealand
Ireland
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Chile
Qatar
United States
Singapore
Yemen
Morocco
Bahrain
Tunisia
England-GBR
Oman
Australia
Saudi Arabia
Malta
Kuwait
72
68
63
59
56
54
52
51
50
49
47
42
41
41
34
33
33
31
31
31
31
30
29
29
29
28
28
28
28
26
25
24
24
24
21
19
19
19
17
16
15
15
14
14
13
13
12
12
12
10
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
Alberta-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Florida-USA
Abu Dhabi-UAE
Not applicable.
42
28
25
21
19
17
12

Not applicable
101
Content Domain
Main Topic
Cognitive Domain
EARTH SCIENCE
Earths Processes, Cycles,

and History
Knowing
Item label: How long ago was plant alive?
The leaf shape in the rock comes from a plant that lived long ago.
Education system
Percent
correct
leaf shape
Korea, Rep. of
Germany
Slovak Republic
Czech Republic
Austria
Italy
Japan
Georgia
Chinese Taipei-CHN
Norway
Sweden
Spain
Hong Kong-CHN
United States
Slovenia
Singapore
Finland
Hungary
Denmark
Kuwait
Poland
Russian Federation
Azerbaijan
England-GBR
Romania
Australia
Ireland
New Zealand
Malta
Croatia
Kazakhstan
Qatar
Chile
Serbia
Portugal
Armenia
Thailand
Turkey
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia
Yemen
Morocco
Bahrain
Lithuania
Netherlands
64
42
42
40
40
40
39
36
35
35
35
34
34
33
32
32
31
31
31
30
30
29
28
28
27
26
26
25
25
25
24
23
23
23
22
22
21
21
21
21
20
20
20
19
19
18
17
17
16
16
15
Benchmarking
education system
Percent
correct
rock
About how long ago was the plant alive?

A.
one year
B.
one hundred years
C.
one thousand years
D.
one million years
Correct Response:
Alberta-CAN
Florida-USA
Quebec-CAN
Ontario-CAN
North Carolina-USA
Dubai-UAE
Abu Dhabi-UAE
43
36
32
31
29
28
22

102

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Timss2011 g4 Science

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RELEASED SCIENCE ITEMS

How Can This Set of Released Items Be Used?

responses can be scored according

This book contains TIMSS 2011 released items

of a scoring guide, indicating the general nature

Information about international

Take a look at the first item on page 1. Across

In the table along the right-hand side of the page

Below the row of boxes and above a boxed-in area

To the right of some of the percent correct

How tadpoles get in the pond....................1

Marias experiment with salt/water..........46

Label Earth, Moon, and Sun......................83

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Life Cycles, Reproduction,

Item label: How tadpoles get in the pond

Overall Percent Correct

Melissa found some tadpoles and fish in a pond as shown above.

They hatched from eggs laid by fish in the pond.

They formed from mud at the bottom of the pond.

They were made from materials dissolved in pond water.

They developed from eggs laid by frogs in the pond.

Item Number: S031001

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Characteristics and Life

Item label: Birds/bats/butterflies share

Overall Percent Correct

What do birds, bats and butterflies have in common?

Item Number: S031230

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Characteristics and Life

Item label: Main features of four animals

Overall Percent Correct

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Item label: Main features of four animals (continued)

C. Which animal has a soft body and no skeleton?

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Interactions with the

Item label: Birds foot structure

Overall Percent Correct

A bird that lives on a pond is most likely to have which of these

Item Number: S031236

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Life Cycles, Reproduction,

Item label: Animal with young and adult forms

Overall Percent Correct

Item Number: S031254

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Life Cycles, Reproduction,

Item label: Only female Siberian tigers left

Overall Percent Correct

The females will only be able to produce female Siberian tigers.

The females will not be able to produce more Siberian tigers,

Item Number: S031266

Percent higher than International average

TIMSS 2011 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Item label: Why birds sit on their eggs

Overall Percent Correct

to keep the eggs inside the nest