Joint ITU-GISFI Workshop on

Bridging
Bridging the Standardization Gap: Workshop on
Sustainable Rural Communications
(Bangalore, India, 17-18 December 2012)

LTE Advanced eNB Small Cell System

Design Challenges,
Challenges Network
Topologies and Applications
Dr Venkat Rayapati,
President &CEO,
SAI Technology,
T h l
I
Inc
vrayapati@saitechnology.com

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

Presentation Out-line
Key Drivers for the LTE Technology
Technologies and Network Topologies
LTE Advanced Small Cell System
Design
LTE Advanced Technologies
LTE Small Cell System Design Challenges
LTE Research areas

3GPP Standards Technical Gaps

LTE Network Applications
pp
Conclusion and Recommendations
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

Key Drivers for the LTE Technology

K
f t
d i
f the
th LTE
Key
factors
drive
for
Technology
Broadband subscribers to
reach 3.4 billion by 2014
80% of the users will be
mobile based
Source: Verizon data published
Fixed broadband growth expected
to remain near static
Operators are being
driven by two unique trends
Increase in smart mobile devices
Video Applications & Social Media
Data centric applications
India Mobile data growth rate >15%
4G Networks in North America will increase
data traffic 26 fold from 2010 through 2015
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

Technologies and Network Topologies

for 2G, 3G and 4G
BS

BS

2G-2.5G Base
station control

Leased line mobile

Mobile
backbone
BS
BS
Switching
Center
3G 4G R
3G-4G
Radio
di Future all-IP cellular IP/PSTN
Access Node mobile backbone
gateway
PSTN

ISP Network(s)
AP

Switched
Eth
Ethernet
t LAN

IEEE 802.11b,a,g,n
Wireless LAN

12/16/2012

AP

APBluetooth

Personal Area
Network
SAI Technology, Inc

802.16
WiMAX
2-10Mbps
4

LTE Advanced Small Cell Design

ll Cell
ll Design supports two d
Small
design
approaches:
In-door Small Cell (Femto Cells)
Out-door Small Cell (Roof-top Cells)

Major Challenge
Ch ll
is the
h Backhaul
kh l
support for the small cells
Micro-wave Backhaul
OFDM Backhaul Licensed Spectrum versus
Unlicensed
Custom Licensed Spectrum versus Unlicensed

Integrated Small cell with Backhaul is

best option for Rural deployment

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

LTE Advanced eNB Small Cell

Scalable
Sca
a e Architecture
c
ec u e
FLASH
32MB

SDRAM
512MB

Dual Core CPU SW Partition

Data
Ethernet Port
EthernetPort
10/100/1000

Serial
RS232

Data(1)
EthernetPort
10/100/1000

JTAGI/F

Management
EthernetPort
h
10/100
(1)Redundancy

Integrated SOC
( Baseband + Dual
Core Processor)

SAI eNB Complete

o p
Software
o
Base
band
I/Q
Inter
face

Power
Module

SDRAM
512MB

ClockSync
IEEE1588
GPS

Radio
Subsystem
DCXOsupport
forAFC
Integrated
DAC/ADC
Multiband:
700Mhz
1900Mhz
2100Mhz
2300MHz

Antennas
MIMO 2x2

SAI Supports own PHY Layer (L1), L2, L3 and Applications for small cell
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

LTE Advanced Small Cell Design

ys ca Requirements
equ e e s
Physical

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LTE Small Cell Integrated with

ac au
Backhaul

Integrated Small Cell for Rural Communication is

the cost effective solution
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LTE Small Cell Design and

ep oy e
Scenario
Sce a o
Deployment

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LTE Advanced Technologies

Impact
pact for
o Small
S a Cell
Ce Design
es g
LTE Advanced Technologies:
Carrier Aggregation
Advanced MIMO Support
P iti i
Positioning
and
dT
Tracking
ki
CoMP
Het Nets

LTE Advanced technologies impact

on LTE eNB Small Cell design

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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10

LTE Carrier Aggregation impact

on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g
Carrier Aggregation will
significantl enhance DL/UL
significantly
bandwidth
Maximum 100 MHz BW
Non-contiguous
implementation is very
challenging
Small Cell will be able to
support more number of
users with CA
Small Cell over all design
becomes more complex
with CA
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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11

LTE MIMO Adaptive impact

on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g

(a) MIMO Adaptive Switching

Selecting the appropriate

MIMO Scheme
Multi-user MIMO offers the
best complexity
performance trade-off
Single Site MIMO, we will
connect with single eNB
with one or multiple UE
devices.
Cooperative MIMO: Cell edge
user throughput is boosted
MIMO will be supported
3 modes
d off operation:
i

(b) LTE Advanced MIMO Modes

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

Transmit diversity
- Receive diversity
- Spatial multiplexing boost data rate
OR - Beam forming to increase coverage
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LTE Positioning & Tracking

pac o
on the
eS
Small
a Ce
Cell Design
es g
impact
Satellite 2

RTT Circle

Satellite 3

eNodeB - B

Satellite 1

eNodeB - A

UE

O-TDOA
Hyperbola

Timing Signals

O-TDOA
Hyperbola

Assistance Message

eNodeB - C
UE

(a) A-GNSS working in LTE

eNodeB

(b) OTDOA working in LTE

Stand-alone
Stand alone GNSS,
GNSS A
A-GNSS
GNSS provide excellent accuracy
OTDOA method, the UE estimates the difference in the arrival
times of the PRS(Positioning Reference Signal) signals
p
base stations.
from separate
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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13

LTE Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP)

pac o
on the
eS
Small
a Ce
Cell Design
es g
impact

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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14

LTE Het Net impact

on the
o
e Small
S a Ce
Cell Design
es g

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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LTE Advanced Small Cell Design

challenges
c a e ges
Seamless Hand-off & Mobility
management
Soft hand-off process between 3G, 4G and WiFi
Inter-RAT and Intra RAT between legacy and Advanced
LTE eNB
Non-Cellular Radios inter-working with LTE for traffic
offload

Service Level QoS and SLA support

Early deployments focused on data only. Ensuring Voice,
Video, and Gamming etc QoS has certain limitations.
SLA Enforcement for the different types of services

Self Configuration, Plug and Play

LTE Small cells required today lot of hand crafting and
tuning for performance
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

16

LTE Advanced Research Areas

specific
spec c to small
s a cell
ce
Inter Channel Interference Coordination
(ICIC) Methods and Optimization
Backhaul Traffic Congestion
Traffic offload and Load balancing
Managing the small cells, edge coverage
and performance KPI
KPIs
s
Seamless connectivity between multiple
LTE Devices for applications delivery
Enhanced MIMO, Beam forming and
Adaptive
p
Antenna Technologies
g
Het Net Robust Mobility Management
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

17

LTE 3GPP Standard Gaps

Carrier Aggregation for non-contiguous
channel aggregation
gg g
typical
yp
use case
scenarios were not supported by the LTE
standard.
For example: Group a,b,c,d,e has been
classified, but no reference to groups d
and e.
e
Voice Over LTE with ultra low latency and
high quality has not been supported by
the LTE standard
Small Cell load balancing has not
supported by the LTE Standard
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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18

LTE 3GPP Standard Gaps

Het Nets Robust operational scenarios
have not supported by the standard
Backhaul Security issues have not been
adequately addressed by the standard
AMR Group level registration limitations
not addressed by the standard
Interference management control for
small cells, Pico and Micro cells and
isolation mechanisms not supported by
the LTE standard

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

SAI Technology, Inc

19

LTE Advanced Network for

d a Rural
u a Co
Communication
u ca o
India
Rural network comprises of WiFi and
LTE combination to reduce cost

CAPX and OPEX has to be optimized

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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20

LTE Applications for India

u a Co
Communication
u ca o
Rural

Applications: Tele-Medicine,
Tele Medicine Distance Education
Education,
Public Safety, and Disaster Management

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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21

Conclusions and
Recommendations
eco
e dat o s
LTE Small cell design
g
challenges need to be
addressed
LTE Advanced
Ad
d
Technologies impact
on small cell design
considered
LTE Network topology
for Rural
Communications
LTE Applications
pp
enablement
Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

LTE Standard g
gaps
p
specific to small cells:
Small cell traffic load
balancing need to be
implemented
AMR Group level
registration and support
Backhaul traffic
management
Interference Control for
Micro, Pico, and Femto cells
Het Nets Robust Mobility
management support
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Thank You

Bangalore, India ,17-18 December 2012

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